Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cardiovascular reactivity (CVR)

Academic literature on the topic 'Cardiovascular reactivity (CVR)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cardiovascular reactivity (CVR)"

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NASCHITZ, Jochanan E., Michael ROZENBAUM, Madeline FIELDS, Hillel ISSEROFF, Sean ENIS, Jay P. BABICH, Shannon PECK, et al. "Search for disease-specific cardiovascular reactivity patterns: developing the methodology." Clinical Science 108, no. 1 (December 15, 2004): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20040092.

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Aberrations of CVR (cardiovascular reactivity), an expression of autonomic function, lack specificity for a particular disorder. Recently, a CVR pattern particular to chronic fatigue syndrome has been observed. In the present study, we aimed to develop methodologies for assessing disease-specific CVR patterns. As a prototype, a population of 50 consecutive patients with FMF (familial Mediterranean fever) was studied and compared with control populations. A 10 min supine/30 min head-up tilt test with recording of the heart rate and blood pressure or the pulse transit time was performed. Five studies were conducted applying different methods. In each study, statistical analysis identified independent predictors of CVR in FMF. Based on regression coefficients of these predictors, a linear DS (discriminant score) was computed for every subject. Each study established an equation to assess CVR, calculate DS for FMF and determine the sensitivity and specificity of the DS cut-off. In each of the five studies, abnormal CVR was observed in FMF patients. The best accuracy (88% sensitivity and 90.1% specificity for FMF) was obtained by a method based on beat-to-beat heart rate and pulse transit time recordings. Data was processed by fractal and recurrence quantitative analysis with recordings in FMF patients compared with a mixed control population. Identification of disease-specific CVR patterns was possible with the methodologies described in the present study. In FMF, disease-specific CVR may be explained by the interplay between neuroendocrine loops specific to FMF with cardiovascular homoeostatic mechanisms. Recognition of disease-specific CVR patterns may advance the understanding of homoeostatic mechanisms and have implications in clinical practice.
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Knardahl, S., and E. D. Hendley. "Association between cardiovascular reactivity to stress and hypertension or behavior." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 259, no. 1 (July 1, 1990): H248—H257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1990.259.1.h248.

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The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) exhibits increased cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) to environmental stress and behavioral hyperactivity relative to the Wistar-Kyoto rat (WKY). This study sought to determine whether enhanced CVR to stress in the SHR is related to hypertension or to behavioral hyperactivity. By breeding SHR with WKY, followed by inbreeding, E. D. Hendley has developed two strains in which the hypertensive trait seems to be separated from the hyperactivity trait: the Wistar-Kyoto hypertensive (WK-HT) and the Wistar-Kyoto hyperactive (WK-HA) strains. Male SHR, WKY, WK-HT, and WK-HA rats were implanted with intravascular catheters and Doppler flow-velocity probes to record arterial pressure, heart rate (HR), and changes in regional vascular resistances. Five days after surgery, the rats were subjected to air-jet stress and pharmacological interventions. The hyperactive strains (SHR and WK-HA) exhibited enhanced pressor, renal, and mesenteric responses to stress, and higher HRs under all conditions, even after autonomic blockade. Both hypertension and hyperactivity were associated with reduced baroreceptor sensitivity. These data indicate that CVR to stress is related to behavioral traits.
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Ripp, T. M., and N. V. Rebrova. "The value of assessing cerebrovascular reactivity in hypertension and comorbid pathology." "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension") 27, no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18705/1607-419x-2021-27-1-51-63.

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The review presents the rationale for the importance of studies on the reactivity of cerebral vessels, the classification of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and the threshold values of quantitative indicators of the reserve phase and autoregulation of cerebral blood flow in healthy volunteers. Features of CVR in hypertension are described depending on the clinical course, daily blood pressure profile, the presence of comorbid pathology, the treatment approaches in treatment CVR disorders. We discuss the evidence-based data on the role of CVR assessment in diagnosing latent cerebral circulation insufficiency, prediction of cerebrovascular complications, monitoring the effectiveness and safety of drug and devise-based therapy of hypertension associated with abnormal CVR.
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Kessler, Thorsten, Bernhard Wolf, Niclas Eriksson, Daniel Kofink, Bakhtawar K. Mahmoodi, Himanshu Rai, Vinicius Tragante, et al. "Association of the coronary artery disease risk gene GUCY1A3 with ischaemic events after coronary intervention." Cardiovascular Research 115, no. 10 (February 14, 2019): 1512–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvz015.

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AbstractAimA common genetic variant at the GUCY1A3 coronary artery disease locus has been shown to influence platelet aggregation. The risk of ischaemic events including stent thrombosis varies with the efficacy of aspirin to inhibit platelet reactivity. This study sought to investigate whether homozygous GUCY1A3 (rs7692387) risk allele carriers display higher on-aspirin platelet reactivity and risk of ischaemic events early after coronary intervention.Methods and resultsThe association of GUCY1A3 genotype and on-aspirin platelet reactivity was analysed in the genetics substudy of the ISAR-ASPI registry (n = 1678) using impedance aggregometry. The clinical outcome cardiovascular death or stent thrombosis within 30 days after stenting was investigated in a meta-analysis of substudies of the ISAR-ASPI registry, the PLATO trial (n = 3236), and the Utrecht Coronary Biobank (n = 1003) comprising a total 5917 patients. Homozygous GUCY1A3 risk allele carriers (GG) displayed increased on-aspirin platelet reactivity compared with non-risk allele (AA/AG) carriers [150 (interquartile range 91–209) vs. 134 (85–194) AU⋅min, P < 0.01]. More homozygous risk allele carriers, compared with non-risk allele carriers, were assigned to the high-risk group for ischaemic events (>203 AU⋅min; 29.5 vs. 24.2%, P = 0.02). Homozygous risk allele carriers were also at higher risk for cardiovascular death or stent thrombosis (hazard ratio 1.70, 95% confidence interval 1.08–2.68; P = 0.02). Bleeding risk was not altered.ConclusionWe conclude that homozygous GUCY1A3 risk allele carriers are at increased risk of cardiovascular death or stent thrombosis within 30 days after coronary stenting, likely due to higher on-aspirin platelet reactivity. Whether GUCY1A3 genotype helps to tailor antiplatelet treatment remains to be investigated.
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Sobczyk, Olivia, Anne Battisti-Charbonney, Julien Poublanc, Adrian P. Crawley, Kevin Sam, Jorn Fierstra, Daniel M. Mandell, David J. Mikulis, James Duffin, and Joseph A. Fisher. "Assessing Cerebrovascular Reactivity Abnormality by Comparison to a Reference Atlas." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 35, no. 2 (November 12, 2014): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2014.184.

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Attribution of vascular pathophysiology to reductions in cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is confounded by subjective assessment and the normal variation between anatomic regions. This study aimed to develop an objective scoring assessment of abnormality. CVR was measured as the ratio of the blood-oxygen-level-dependent magnetic resonance signal response divided by an increase in CO2, standardized to eliminate variability. A reference normal atlas was generated by coregistering the CVR maps from 46 healthy subjects into a standard space and calculating the mean and standard deviation (s.d.) of CVR for each voxel. Example CVR studies from 10 patients with cerebral vasculopathy were assessed for abnormality, by normalizing each patient's CVR to the same standard space as the atlas, and assigning a z-score to each voxel relative to the mean and s.d. of the corresponding atlas voxel. Z-scores were color coded and superimposed on their anatomic scans to form CVR z-maps. We found the CVR z-maps provided an objective evaluation of abnormality, enhancing our appreciation of the extent and distribution of pathophysiology compared with CVR maps alone. We concluded that CVR z-maps provide an objective, improved form of evaluation for comparisons of voxel-specific CVR between subjects, and across tests sites.
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Neumann, Serina A., Jessica R. P. Brown, Shari R. Waldstein, and Leslie I. Katzel. "A Walking Program’s Attenuation of Cardiovascular Reactivity in Older Adults with Silent Myocardial Ischemia." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 14, no. 2 (April 2006): 119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.14.2.119.

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Silent myocardial ischemia (SI) has been linked to increased risk of future coronary events. Enhanced systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively) and heart-rate (HR) reactions to stress (cardiovascular reactivity [CVR]) have been associated with greater severity of SI and are related prospectively to coronary-artery-disease endpoints. The authors examined the potential attenuating effects of 6 months of walking (aerobic exercise) versus control on CVR to three laboratory stressors in 25 older adults with exercise-induced SI. Maximal aerobic capacity was significantly improved by 12% for the exercise group and decreased by 8% for controls (p< .001). Groups had similar biomedical profiles pre- and postintervention. Walkers had significantly reduced DBP reactivity (pre, 12 ± 2; post, 4 ± 2 mm Hg) compared with controls (pre, 10 ± 2; post, 11 ± 2 mm Hg;p= .05), but no differences between groups were found for SBP or HR reactivity. These findings are the first to suggest that increased physical activity (via walking) can attenuate BP reactivity to emotional stressors in apparently healthy older adults with SI.
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Intzandt, Brittany, Dalia Sabra, Catherine Foster, Laurence Desjardins-Crépeau, Richard D. Hoge, Christopher J. Steele, Louis Bherer, and Claudine J. Gauthier. "Higher cardiovascular fitness level is associated with lower cerebrovascular reactivity and perfusion in healthy older adults." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 40, no. 7 (July 25, 2019): 1468–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678x19862873.

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Aging is accompanied by vascular and structural changes in the brain, which include decreased grey matter volume (GMV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR). Enhanced fitness in aging has been related to preservation of GMV and CBF, and in some cases CVR, although there are contradictory relationships reported between CVR and fitness. To gain a better understanding of the complex interplay between fitness and GMV, CBF and CVR, the present study assessed these factors concurrently. Data from 50 participants, aged 55 to 72, were used to derive GMV, CBF, CVR and VO2peak. Results revealed that lower CVR was associated with higher VO2peak throughout large areas of the cerebral cortex. Within these regions lower fitness was associated with higher CBF and a faster hemodynamic response to hypercapnia. Overall, our results indicate that the relationships between age, fitness, cerebral health and cerebral hemodynamics are complex, likely involving changes in chemosensitivity and autoregulation in addition to changes in arterial stiffness. Future studies should collect other physiological outcomes in parallel with quantitative imaging, such as measures of chemosensitivity and autoregulation, to further understand the intricate effects of fitness on the aging brain, and how this may bias quantitative measures of cerebral health.
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Schleiffer, R., F. Pernot, and A. Gairard. "Parathyroidectomy, cardiovascular reactivity and calcium distribution in aorta and heart of spontaneously hypertensive rats." Clinical Science 71, no. 5 (November 1, 1986): 505–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0710505.

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1. In order to elucidate the mechanisms by which parathyroidectomy (PTX), performed in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), delays the development and attenuates the level of hypertension, we studied, in vivo, cardiovascular reactivity (CVR, blood pressure response to bolus noradrenaline administration), aortic calcium distribution and cardiac calcium content in SHR with or without parathyroid glands. 2. PTX was performed in 6-week-old animals and experiments were done in pretreated anaesthetized animals 2 and 22 weeks after surgery. A significantly decreased CVR was observed 22 weeks after PTX in SHR-PTX as compared with controls. 3. These data are not specific for hypertensive animals since similar data are also obtained on nor-motensive Wistar rats treated in an identical fashion. In addition, after PTX in SHR and Wistar rats myocardial (auricle and ventricle) calcium content was more rapidly reduced (after 2 weeks) than aortic membrane-bound and cellular calcium fractions. 4. The present studies established that PTX decreases CVR and alters calcium content and distribution in the cardiovascular systems of rats from hypertensive and normotensive strains. Furthermore, the results confirm a requirement for the parathyroid glands in the pathogenesis of spontaneous hypertension in SHR and for the normal CVR.
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Reed, Joseph T., Tanya Pareek, Srinivas Sriramula, and Mallikarjuna R. Pabbidi. "Aging influences cerebrovascular myogenic reactivity and BK channel function in a sex-specific manner." Cardiovascular Research 116, no. 7 (November 18, 2019): 1372–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvz314.

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Abstract Aims The myogenic reactivity of the middle cerebral arteries (MCA) protects the brain by altering the diameter in response to changes in lumen pressure. Large conductance potassium (BK) channels are known to regulate the myogenic reactivity, yet, it is not clear how aging alters the myogenic reactivity via the BK channel in males and females. Thus, we hypothesize that age-associated changes in BK channel subunits modulate the myogenic reactivity in a sex-specific manner. Methods and results We used vascular reactivity, patch-clamp, and biochemical methods to measure myogenic reactivity, BK channel function, and expression, respectively in cerebral vessels of adult and aged male and female Sprague Dawley rats. Our results suggest that aging and ovariectomy (OVX) exaggerated the myogenic reactivity of MCA in females but attenuated it in males. Aging induced outward eutrophic remodelling in females but inward hypertrophic remodelling in males. Aging decreased total, Kv, BK channel currents, and spontaneous transient outward currents (STOC) in vascular smooth muscle cells isolated from females, but not in males. Aging increased BKα subunit mRNA and protein both in males and females. However, aging decreased BKβ1 subunit protein and mRNA in females only. In males, BKβ1 mRNA is increased, but protein is decreased. Iberiotoxin-induced MCA constriction is lower in aged females but higher in aged males. Activation of BKα (10 µM NS1619) and BKβ1 (10 µM S-Equol) subunits failed to increase STOCs and were unable to decrease the myogenic reactivity of MCA in aged female but not in aged male rats. OVX decreased, but chronic supplementation of oestradiol restored BK channel expression and function. Conclusion Overall our results suggest that aging or OVX-associated downregulation of the BKβ1 expression and function in females results in exaggerated myogenic reactivity of MCA. However, age-associated increase in BK channel function in males attenuated myogenic reactivity of MCA.
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Flück, Daniela, Christoph Siebenmann, Stefanie Keiser, Adrian Cathomen, and Carsten Lundby. "Cerebrovascular Reactivity is Increased with Acclimatization to 3,454 M Altitude." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 35, no. 8 (March 25, 2015): 1323–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2015.51.

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Controversy exists regarding the effect of high-altitude exposure on cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity (CVR). Confounding factors in previous studies include the use of different experimental approaches, ascent profiles, duration and severity of exposure and plausibly environmental factors associated with altitude exposure. One aim of the present study was to determine CVR throughout acclimatization to high altitude when controlling for these. Middle cerebral artery mean velocity (MCAvmean) CVR was assessed during hyperventilation (hypocapnia) and CO2 administration (hypercapnia) with background normoxia (sea level (SL)) and hypoxia (3,454 m) in nine healthy volunteers (26 ± 4 years (mean ± s.d.)) at SL, and after 30 minutes (HA0), 3 (HA3) and 22 (HA22) days of high-altitude (3,454 m) exposure. At altitude, ventilation was increased whereas MCAvmean was not altered. Hypercapnic CVR was decreased at HA0 (1.16% ± 0.16%/mm Hg, mean ± s.e.m.), whereas both hyper- and hypocapnic CVR were increased at HA3 (3.13% ± 0.18% and 2.96% ± 0.10%/mm Hg) and HA22 (3.32% ± 0.12% and 3.24% ± 0.14%/mm Hg) compared with SL (1.98% ± 0.22% and 2.38% ± 0.10%/mm Hg; P < 0.01) regardless of background oxygenation. Cerebrovascular conductance (MCAvmean/mean arterial pressure) CVR was determined to account for blood pressure changes and revealed an attenuated response. Collectively our results show that hypocapnic and hypercapnic CVR are both elevated with acclimatization to high altitude.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cardiovascular reactivity (CVR)"

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Warfel, Regina M. "Effects of Priming Family versus Friend Support and Non-support on Subsequent Cardiovascular Reactivity to Acute Psychological Stress." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1248985718.

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Coy, Timothy V. "The effect of repressive coping style on cardiovascular reactivity and speech disturbances during stress /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9804539.

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