Academic literature on the topic 'Cardiac pacing lead'

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Journal articles on the topic "Cardiac pacing lead"

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Hickey, Cheryl Schneider, and Linda S. Baas. "Temporary Cardiac Pacing." AACN Advanced Critical Care 2, no. 1 (February 1, 1991): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/15597768-1991-1018.

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The use of temporary cardiac pacing in critical care and stepdown units has grown tremendously over the past 10 years. While the concept of artificial pacing is simple, improvements in generator technology and lead design, along with broader clinical applications, have made temporary cardiac pacing more complex. Consequently, the critical care nurse is required to maintain an advanced level of knowledge regarding modes and complications of temporary pacing, and assessment skills related to recognizing pacemaker hemodynamic effects and pacemaker problems
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Curnis, Antonio, David O’Donnell, Axel Kloppe, and Žarko Calovic. "Optimisation of Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy with MultiPoint™ Pacing." Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review 4, no. 3 (2015): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15420/aer.2015.4.3.sup1.

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Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) using biventricular pacing is an established therapy for impairment of left ventricular (LV) systolic function in patients with heart failure (HF). Although technological advances have improved outcomes in patients undergoing biventricular pacing, the optimal placement of pacing leads remains challenging, and approximately one third of patients have no response to CRT. This may be due to patient selection and lead placement. Electrical mapping can greatly improve outcomes in CRT and increase the number of patients who derive benefit from the procedure. MultiPoint™ pacing (St Jude Medical, St Paul, MN, US) using a quadripolar lead increases the possibility of finding the best pacing site. In clinical studies, use of MultiPoint pacing in HF patients undergoing CRT has been associated with haemodynamic and clinical benefits compared with conventional biventricular pacing, and these benefits have been sustained at 12 months. This article describes the proceedings of a satellite symposium held at the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) Europace conference held in Milan, Italy, in June 2015.
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Mitkowski, Przemysław. "Multisite, multipoint pacing." In a good rythm 2, no. 43 (May 24, 2017): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.3966.

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Cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with heart failure, reduced ejection fraction and prolonged QRS duration has become standard of care. Unfortunately, despite improvements in delivery of this treatment still approximately 30% of patients are non-responders. Among causes of this phenomenon one can find an inability to deliver hemodynamically effective left ventricular pacing. There were proposed several solutions to solve the problem, including: multisite RV pacing, multisite LV pacing, multipoint LV pacing. Multisite RV pacing (two RV leads positioned in RV: apex and RVOT), although causes some hemodynamic improvement in LVEF or distance in 6MWT and reduction of LVESD or number of hospitalizations in comparison to no paced patients, but its efficacy is significantly worse than normal CRT. So it should not be considered as an alternative to CRT even to surgically placed LV lead. Multisite LV pacing (two leads iv cardiac veins) gives significant benefits over standard CRT, especially in patients with poor heart vein system, which preclude optimal LV lead placement. Clinical benefits of this mode of therapy were observed in non-responders to classical CRT, and were proved in: higher responder rates, improved EF, VO2, distance in 6MWT, reduction of NYHA class, LVESV, LVEDD and increase of dP/dt. Multipoint LV pacing (different pacing point located on the same LV lead) is encouraging way of CRT delivery and does not require any additional lead. Benefits of MP pacing over classical CRT were proved in numerous trails in acute tests by improvement in dP/dt, increase in maximal strain rate, shortening of total activation time, reduction in QRS duration and after mid- and long term follow-up in reduction of LVESV, increase in EF, reduction of asynchrony and higher percentage of responders. Multipoint left ventricular pacing should be a standard of CRT delivery in first implantations.
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Miyagi, Chihiro, Yoshie Ochiai, Yusuke Ando, Manabu Hisahara, Hironori Baba, Tomoya Takigawa, and Shigehiko Tokunaga. "A case of cardiac strangulation following epicardial pacemaker implantation." General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 68, no. 12 (April 8, 2020): 1499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11748-020-01337-y.

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AbstractAn 8-year-old boy had undergone permanent epicardial pacemaker implantation with a Y-shaped bipolar ventricular lead on day 6 after birth for treatment of congenital complete atrioventricular block. He was found to have pulmonary stenosis and mitral stenosis by follow-up echocardiography. Further studies including computed tomography and cardiac catheterization revealed that the pacemaker lead had completely encircled the cardiac silhouette and was in a state of “cardiac strangulation”. We removed the previous pacing leads and generator and implanted a new epicardial dual-chamber pacing system in the right atrium and right ventricle. Additionally, an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene sheet was placed between the new leads and the heart to prevent recurrence of cardiac strangulation.
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Nowak, Bernd, Thomas Voigtla¨nder, Ewald Himmrich, Andreas Liebrich, Gerald Poschmann, Sigrid Epperlein, Norbert Treese, and Ju¨rgen Meyer. "Cardiac output in single-lead VDD pacing versus rate-matched VVIR pacing." American Journal of Cardiology 75, no. 14 (May 1995): 904–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9149(99)80684-5.

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Donovan, Karl D., and K. Y. Lee. "Indications for and Complications of Temporary Transvenous Cardiac Pacing." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 13, no. 1 (February 1985): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x8501300109.

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A prospective survey was conducted of the indications for and complications of 153 temporary transvenous cardiac pacing lead insertions in 148 patients. Pacing for bradyarrhythmias or potential bradyarrhythmias (Group I) accounted for 105 insertions, wide complex tachycardia (Group II) 17, and narrow complex tachycardia (Group III) 31 pacing electrode insertions respectively. The infraclavicular subclavian vein approach was used in 73%. The median insertion time was 20 minutes. Group I: 77% were undertaken because of severe symptoms. On 64 occasions (61 %) the patient had complete heart block or ventricular asystole. Group II: The lead was inserted to treat and often assist in the diagnosis of the wide complex tachycardia. Ventricular‘burst’ pacing reverted ventricular tachycardia in 13 (76%). Group III: Rapid atrial‘burst’ pacing was used to treat supraventricular tachyarrhythmias (paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and atrial flutter) resistant to medical therapy. Pacing was successful in reverting 28 (90%). A complication occurred in 27 (18%) of 153 lead insertions, 11 (7%) were serious. No complication resulted in the death of a patient. Temporary transvenous pacing is safe and effective for the treatment of bradyarrhythmias and certain tachyarrhythmias.
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Nesher, Nahum, Amir Ganiel, Yosef Paz, Amir Kramer, Refael Mohr, Yanai Ben-Gal, and Demitri Pevni. "Thoracoscopic Epicardial Lead Implantation as an Alternative to Failed Endovascular Insertion for Cardiac Pacing and Resynchronization Therapy." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 9, no. 6 (November 2014): 427–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155698451400900606.

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Objective Numerous anomalies or postprocedural stricture of the venous system prevent optimal endovascular implantation of a pacing lead in more than 10% of patient indicated for permanent pacing or cardiac resynchronization therapy. The purpose of this report was to summarize our experience and immediate postoperative results of thoracoscopic lead implantation as a lesser invasive solution to an unsuccessful endovascular lead insertion. Methods From January 2008 to April 2013, 11 epicardial leads were introduced thoracoscopically at our center as a rescue treatment after failed endovascular attempts. Patients were ventilated using a double-lumen endotracheal tube. A 5-mm 30-degree lance thoracoscope was used with either 2 or 3 additional working ports. A screw-in pacing lead (Medtronic Model 5071 Pacing lead, Minneapolis, MN USA) was inserted into the left ventricular epicardium. After the lead placement and assessment for threshold less than 1 V, the lead was brought to the chest wall and tunneled to the pacemaker generator pocket. At the end of the procedure, a small, flexible 14F thoracic drain, was left inside the pleural cavity for the next 24 hours. Results There were no mortality or any major surgical complications among these patients. All patients responded to the epicardial lead implantation in terms of appropriate pacing and conductivity. No clinical failure was observed, and no patient required a repeat procedure. Conclusions Thoracoscopic lead insertion is safe and easy to perform. We believe it should be offered as the first choice after failed endovascular pacing lead implantation.
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Luzi, Giampaolo, Andrea Montalto, Vincenzo Polizzi, Cesare C. D'Alessandro, Mariano Vicchio, and Francesco Musumeci. "Best Site on Right Ventricle for Open-Chest Biventricular Pacing." Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals 15, no. 5 (October 2007): 427–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/021849230701500514.

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Cardiac resynchronization therapy is effective in patients with a low ejection fraction and left bundle branch block, but 20%–30% do not respond despite selection of the optimal site for pacing on the left ventricle. We investigated whether optimizing the site for placement of the pacing lead on the right ventricle could further improve left ventricular function during cardiac resynchronization in 19 patients (mean age, 63 ± 5 years) undergoing coronary artery bypass with post-ischemic dilated myocardiopathy (ejection fraction, 25.8% ± 2%) and left bundle branch block. The hemodynamic response to pacing was tested with the right ventricular lead positioned at the interventricular septum, atrioventricular junction, acute margin, and the pulmonary trunk. Biventricular stimulation improved left ventricular function. When the right ventricular lead was sited at the interventricular septum, a significant improvement in all hemodynamic parameters compared to the other sites was obtained. Biventricular pacing is important to optimize cardiac resynchronization. Although further studies are needed to confirm these findings, accurate lead placement is recommended for cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with poor cardiac function and left bundle branch block.
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Laske, Timothy G., Nicholas D. Skadsberg, and Paul A. Iaizzo. "A Novel Ex Vivo Heart Model for the Assessment of Cardiac Pacing Systems." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 127, no. 6 (June 28, 2005): 894–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2049312.

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Background: Advances in endocardial device design have been limited by the inability to visualize the device-tissue interface. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of an isolated heart approach, which allows direct ex vivo intracardiac visualization, as a research tool for studying endocardial pacing systems. Method of approach: Endocardial pacing leads were implanted in the right atria and ventricles of intact swine (n=8) under fluoroscopic guidance. After collection of pacing and sensing performance parameters, the hearts were excised with the leads intact and reanimated on the isolated heart apparatus, and parameters again recorded. Results: Atrial ex vivo parameters significantly decreased compared with in vivo measurements: P-wave amplitudes by 39%, slew rates by 61%, and pacing impedances by 42% (p<0.05 for each). Similarly, several ventricular ex vivo parameters decreased: R-wave amplitudes by 39%, slew rates by 62%, and pacing impedances by 31%. In contrast, both atrial (4.4±2.8 vs 3.3±2.8V; p=ns) and ventricular thresholds increased (1.2±0.7 vs 0.6±0.1V; p<0.05 for all). Three distinct phenomena were observed at the lead-tissue interface. Normal implants (70%) demonstrated minimal tissue distortion and resulted in elevated impedance and threshold values. Three implants (13%) resulted in severe tissue distortion and/or tissue wrapping and were associated with highly elevated pacing parameters. Tissue coring occurred in four implants (17%) where the lead would spin freely in the tissue after overtorquing of the lead. Conclusions: The utility of the isolated heart approach was demonstrated as a tool for the design and assessment of the performance of endocardial pacing systems. Specifically, the ability to visualize device-heart interactions allows new insights into the impact of product design and clinical factors on lead performance and successful implantation.
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Qian, Zhiyong, Yuanhao Qiu, Yao Wang, Zeyu Jiang, Hongping Wu, Xiaofeng Hou, and Jiangang Zou. "Lead performance and clinical outcomes of patients with permanent His-Purkinje system pacing: a single-centre experience." EP Europace 22, Supplement_2 (December 2020): ii45—ii53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euaa295.

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Abstract Aims His-Purkinje system (HPS) pacing, including His bundle (HB) and left bundle branch (LBB) pacing, has emerged as a highlighted topic in recent years. Comparisons in lead performance and clinical outcomes between HB and LBB pacing were seldom reported. We aimed to investigate the mid-long-term lead performance and clinical outcomes of permanent HPS pacing patients in our centre. Methods and results Permanent HB pacing was implemented by placing the pacing lead helix at the HB area. Left bundle branch pacing was achieved by placing the lead helix in the left-side sub-endocardium of the interventricular septum. Pacing parameters, 12-lead ECG, echocardiography, and clinical outcomes were evaluated during follow-up. A total of 64 patients with HB pacing and 185 with LBB pacing were included. Left bundle branch pacing exhibited a slightly longer paced QRS duration than HB pacing (117.7 ± 11.0 vs. 113.7 ± 19.8 ms, P = 0.04). Immediate post-operation, LBB pacing had a significant higher R-wave amplitude (16.5 ± 7.5 vs. 4.3 ± 3.6 mV, P &lt; 0.001) and lower capture threshold (0.5 ± 0.1 vs. 1.2 ± 0.8 V, P &lt; 0.001) compared with HB pacing. During follow-up, an increase in capture threshold of &gt;1.0 V from baseline was found in eight (12.5%) patients in the HB pacing group and none in LBB pacing. Paced QRS morphology changed from Qr to QS in lead V1 in seven patients (3.8%) with LBB pacing. Both HB and LBB pacing preserved cardiac function in patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) over 50%. In patients with LVEF &lt;50%, both HB and LBB pacing improved clinical outcomes during follow-up. Conclusion His-Purkinje system pacing produced favourable electrical synchrony and improved cardiac function in patients with heart failure. Left bundle branch pacing showed superior pacing parameters over HB pacing. Lead micro-displacement with changes in paced QRS morphology posts a concern in LBB pacing.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cardiac pacing lead"

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Tomasic, Danko. "Cardiac pacing lead as hemodynamic sensor." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/4521.

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2009/2010
Therapy delivery in modern cardiac electrotherapy systems is based almost exclusively on the information about cardiac electrical depolarization. This kind of detection lacks any data about the myocardial contraction. An optimal heart rhythm control should integrate the assessment of the mechanical cardiac activity and related hemodynamic parameters to the already existing electrical signal analysis. A hemodynamic sensor integrated in pacing systems would be a valuable instrument for many applications. Only few hemodynamic sensors integrated in cardiac electrotherapy systems are currently available on the market. In order to fill the gap, I have explored the possibility of building a hemodynamic sensor for myocardial contraction detection that could be easily integrated in the existing cardiac pacing and defibrillator leads. In this thesis I propose two sensors. One is based on tribolectricity and the other one requires the measurement of high frequency lead parameters. The triboelectric sensor system measures the charge generated due to the triboelectric effect between one of the lead conductors and the inserted stylet as a result of the lead bending. The measurement system consists in sterile charge amplifiers for use in sterile operation field and a non-sterile enclosure containing isolation amplifiers and power supply. Atrial and right ventricular tensiometric signals were recorded during numerous ovine and human experiments and have shown good results under different measurement conditions. The main downside is the necessity of the additional hardware in terms of chronic stylet insertion in the pacing lead lumen. The sensor based on the measurement of high frequency (HF) pacing lead parameters has its origin in previous extensive in vitro experiments on the HF characteristics of the lead. These experiments have supported the idea of considering any bipolar lead to be a HF transmission line with its characteristic impedance and attenuation. An original study revaluing lead HF parameters after being soaked for more than a decade in the saline solution is presented. A parallel study on dry new leads was also carried out. The hemodynamic HF sensor is based on the variation of the pacing lead HF impedance and reflection coefficient due to its movement during cardiac contractions. The quality of the signal was proven in a series of ovine and human experiments and during dobutamine test in sheep. Both sensors would be feasible hemodynamic sensors for various applications: capture management, rate responsiveness, heart failure monitoring, CRT optimization, tachycardia hemodynamic stability assessment, AF therapy titration and vasovagal syncope prediction. These two sensors are unique for their simplicity and universality for all existing endovenous bipolar cardiac leads.
Nei moderni sistemi di stimolazione cardiaca, la terapia si basa quasi esclusivamente sull'informazione proveniente dalla depolarizzazione elettrica del miocardio. Questo metodo tuttavia, non prende in considerazione la componente meccanica della contrazione del muscolo cardiaco. Un sistema ottimale per il controllo dell'attività cardiaca dovrebbe valutare sia il segnale elettrico proveniente dal cuore sia i parametri emodinamici correlati alla contrazione del miocardio. Pertanto, un sensore emodinamico integrato nei sistemi di stimolazione cardiaca sarebbe uno strumento utile per varie applicazioni. Attualmente sul mercato sono disponibili pochi sensori emodinamici integrati nei sistemi di elettroterapia cardiaca. Nel mio progetto di ricerca ho investigato la possibilitŕ di realizzare un sensore emodinamico per la rivelazione delle contrazioni cardiache, che potesse essere facilmente integrato negli esistenti elettrocateteri per la stimolazione e defibrillazione. Ho proposto due sensori. Il primo si basa sull'effetto triboelettrico, il secondo misura le variazioni dei parametri degli elettrocateteri usati ad alta frequenza. Il primo sensore rileva la carica generata per effetto triboelettrico tra uno dei conduttori dell'elettrocatetere e il mandrino a forma di filo isolato, come conseguenza della piegatura dell'elettrocatetere durante le contrazioni del miocardio. Il sistema di rilevazione è composto da amplificatori sigillati e sterilizzati per l'utilizzo in campo operatorio sterile. Completa il sistema una scatola contenente l'alimentazione e amplificatori isolati, per l'uso al di fuori del campo sterile. Segnali elettrici sono stati registrati nell'atrio e ventricolo destro di ovini e umani, nel corso di numerosi esperimenti eseguiti in condizioni diverse. I risultati ottenuti confermano la fattibilitŕ di questo tipo di sensore, il cui maggiore svantaggio è rappresentato dalla necessità di tenere un supplementare mandrino isolato nell'elettrocatetere impiantato cronicamente. Il sensore basato sulla misurazione dei parametri in alta frequenza dell'elettrocatetere trova sue origini negli sperimenti sulle caratteristiche in alta frequenza dei cateteri considerati come una linea di trasmissione con un'impedenza caratteristica e l'attenuazione tipica della linea. Nella tesi viene descritto lo studio comparativo di questi parametri sugli stessi cateteri prima e dopo la loro immersione nella soluzione fisiologica per più di dieci anni. Inoltre, viene descritto lo stesso sperimento fatto con 15 nuovi cateteri. Il secondo sensore proposto si basa sulla misura della variazione dell'impedenza e del coefficiente di riflessione dell'elettrocatetere, considerato come una linea di trasmissione che viene piegata per effetto delle contrazioni del miocardio. La buona qualitŕ del segnale ottenuto è stata verificata con vari esperimenti condotti su ovini e umani. Il sensore è stato anche testato negli animali in ritmo artificialmente accelerato usando l'infusione di dobutamina. Entrambi i sensori proposti potrebbero venire impiegati in molteplici applicazioni nel campo dell'elettrostimolazione: adattamento automatico della corrente di stimolazione, stimolazione antibradicardica con frequenza adatta in pazienti cronotropicamente poco efficienti, monitoraggio dello scompenso cardiaco, ottimizzazione della CRT, valutazione della stabilitŕ emodinamica della tachicardia ventricolare, adattamento della terapia per la fibrillazione atriale e predizione della sincope neurocardiogenica. I due sensori descritti sono unici in termini di semplicità e versatilità, potendo venire integrati in tutti gli elettrocateteri bipolari attualmente presenti sul mercato.
XXII Ciclo
1980
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Danilović, Dejan. "Advances in cardiac pacing : clinical aspects of novel pacemaker leads and algorithms. Behavior of stimulation thresholds and impedances in modern pacemaker systems." [S.l.] : Medical department A university of Bergen, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37571604x.

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Hornung, Daniel. "Cardiac Arrhythmia Termination on the Vascular and Organ Scale." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0023-9934-8.

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Books on the topic "Cardiac pacing lead"

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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Transvenous Lead Extraction: From Simple Traction to Internal Transjugular Approach. Milano: Springer-Verlag Milan, 2011.

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1943-, Aubert André E., and Ector Hugo 1943-, eds. Pacemaker leads: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Pacemaker Leads, Leuven, Belgium, September 5-7, 1984. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1985.

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European, Conference on Pacemaker Leads (2nd 1991 Ferrara Italy). Pacemaker leads 1991: Proceedings of the 2nd European Conference on Pacemaker Leads, Ferrara, 11-12 April 1991. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991.

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Bongiorni, Maria Grazia. Transvenous Lead Extraction: From Simple Traction to Internal Transjugular Approach. Springer, 2014.

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Thorne, Sara, and Sarah Bowater. Device therapy in ACHD. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198759959.003.0020.

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This chapter discusses device therapy in ACHD. Insertion of devices in these patients requires special consideration. Knowledge of underlying anatomy, previous surgical procedures, and vascular access routes; an understanding of problems likely to be encountered with lead placement in complex hearts; and obtaining a stable position are all crucial. This chapter discusses bradycardia pacing, implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD), cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), and technical considerations for device therapy in ACHD.
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Antonioli, G. E., and A. E. Aubert. Pacemaker Leads 1991: Proceedings of the 2nd European Conference on Pacemaker Leads, Ferrara, 11-12 April 1991 (Clinical Aspects of Biomedicine). Elsevier Science Ltd, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cardiac pacing lead"

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Furman, S. "Single-Lead Atrial Synchronous Pacing." In Rate Adaptive Cardiac Pacing, 295–301. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76649-7_23.

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Belott, Peter H. "Endocardial Lead Extraction." In Cardiac Pacing for the Clinician, 265–316. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72763-9_6.

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Antonioli, Giovanni Enrico, Lucia Ansani, Roberto Audoglio, Gabriele Guardigli, Gianfranco Percoco, and Tiziano Toselli. "Single Lead VDD pacing: an update." In Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, 209–19. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0872-0_21.

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Fisher, Westby G. "Transvenous Left Ventricular Lead Implantation." In Cardiac Pacing for the Clinician, 247–63. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72763-9_5.

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Fischer, Wilhelm, and Philippe Ritter. "Pulse Generator and/or Lead Replacement." In Cardiac Pacing in Clinical Practice, 368–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58810-5_10.

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Habel, Nicole, and Daniel L. Lustgarten. "Failure of LV Lead Placement for Biventricular Pacing: His Bundle Pacing for CRT." In Cardiac Electrophysiology, 567–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28533-3_133.

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Ovsyshcher, I. E., and E. Crystal. "Single-Lead Dual Chamber Pacing: How Reliable and Effective Is It?" In Cardiac Arrhythmias 2001, 556–65. Milano: Springer Milan, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2103-7_87.

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Chang, Philip M., Christopher Carter, and Yaniv Bar-Cohen. "Indications for permanent pacing, device, and lead selection." In Cardiac Pacing and Defibrillation in Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, 37–61. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119333050.ch3.

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Fischer, Avi, and Barry Love. "Managing device related complications and lead extraction." In Cardiac Pacing and Defibrillation in Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, 172–94. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119333050.ch11.

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Cohen, Mitchell I., and Susan P. Etheridge. "Indications for implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy, device, and lead selection." In Cardiac Pacing and Defibrillation in Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, 62–90. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119333050.ch4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cardiac pacing lead"

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Murphey, Corey L., Jonathan Wong, and Ellen Kuhl. "Computational Simulation of Biventricular Pacing in an Asymptomatic Human Heart." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53110.

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Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) through biventricular stimulation was first used in the early 1990s as a treatment option for patients with systolic heart failure, intraventricular conduction delay, and other cardiac arrhythmias [1]. CRT, also known as biventricular pacing (BiVP), is an alternative to right ventricular stimulation, which induces dyssynchronous ventricular contraction. In BiVP, three pacing leads are usually placed on the myocardium of the right atrium, the right ventricle, and the left ventricle in the distal cardiac vein. Because there are no standardized loci for lead placement in BiVP, physicians rely on trial and error when inserting pacemaker leads and use electrocardiograms (ECG) to determine the effectiveness of the BiVP lead placement. The ECG measures the electrical conduction, contraction pacing, and projections of the anatomy of the myocardium. Abnormalities in the sinusoidal waves of the ECG reveal problems. Therefore, the ECG can depict a quantitative representation of the effectiveness of biventricular pacing lead placement.
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Campbell, Michael P., and Byron E. Johnson. "Test to Fracture of Cardiac Lead Coils in Unidirectional Bending Fatigue." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19145.

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Transvenous cardiac leads are a key element of implanted pacing and defibrillation systems, providing the electrical connection between a programmable generator and the heart. Along their pathway, these thin flexible structures are subjected to cyclic in-vivo motion and deformation resulting from patient cardiac contraction, respiration, and arm motion. Medical imaging techniques such as biplane fluoroscopy have shown the in-vivo deformation to be primarily unidirectional cyclic bending.1,2
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Mattson, Alexander R., Michael D. Eggen, Vladimir Grubac, and Paul A. Iaizzo. "Assessing the Relationship Between Right Atrial Stiffness and Chamber Pressure to Quantitatively Define Myocardial Tensile Properties." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3491.

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Developing a successful cardiac device requires detailed knowledge of cardiac mechanical properties. For example, tissue failure characteristics and compliance feed into design criteria for many pacemaker leads (Zhao et al., 2011). In the right atrium, tensile forces are exerted on the right atrial appendage in multiple clinical procedures. In a traditional lead implant, mechanical manipulations with a stylet aid a clinician in assessing lead fixation, with a seldom used “tug” test providing additional input. Atrial lead dislodgement remains one of the top complications for bradycardia pacing leads (Chahuan et al., 1994), in part because there is no standard mechanical assessment at implant to verify fixation. Thus, a deeper understanding of forces exerted on the atrium during implant, is fundamental to understanding the problem. Further characterization of the biomechanics relevant to atrial device implants will provide valuable design input for fixation tests and help drive research toward new atrial fixation mechanisms. This study aims to better define the relationships between right atrial stiffness and the chamber pressures within the right atrium, so to characterize the link between tensile displacement within the right atrium, and the force exerted on an implanted device in a functional heart. These experiments quantitatively define the fixation force of a fixed cardiac device with a given pulled displacement; i.e. displacing the device a given distance will effectively ensure the experimentally derived fixation force.
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4

Brigham, Renee C., Erik R. Donley, and Paul A. Iaizzo. "Development of an Epicardial Mapping Tank for Noninvasive Electrical Mapping of Ex Vivo Large Mammalian Hearts." In 2022 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2022-1069.

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Abstract Electroanatomical mapping provides key insights into cardiac function and arrhythmia location. Epicardial mapping allows for the recording of electrograms from the body surface that can be combined with an anatomical geometry to create a real-time functional voltage map of cardiac electrical activity. Isolated heart models, like those studied on the Visible Heart® apparatus, provide a valuable platform for medical device design but are often limited to modified 3-lead electrocardiograms that do not provide anatomically specific electrical data. To provide detailed electroanatomical data for experiments on the Visible Heart® apparatus, a novel modified epicardial mapping tank was created that utilizes the CardioInsight™ software to create a map of reanimated hearts. The epicardial mapping tank is composed of 252 electrodes that are distributed across acrylic plates that surround the isolated heart. Half normal saline provides continuity to the electrodes, allowing uninterrupted signal acquisition. The system is fully removable and can be positioned while maintaining reanimation. To date, 5 swine hearts and 1 human heart have been reanimated and mapped in the epicardial mapping tank. The unique datasets generated from the epicardial mapping chamber will be a critical tool in pacing, ablation, and defibrillation experiments as well as provide valuable information relative to conduction system physiology.
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Dunham, D. G. "Developments in pacing technology; electrodes, leads and power sources." In IEE Colloquium on Cardiac Pacing and Electrical Stimulation of the Heart. IEE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19960973.

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Skorinko, Jeremy K., Jacques P. Guyette, Alexei N. Plotnikov, Iryna N. Shlapakova, Peter Danilo, Nazira Ozgen, Michael R. Rosen, and Glenn R. Gaudette. "Short Term Cardiac Memory Results in Altered Regional Mechanical Function." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206355.

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Normal electrical activation begins in the sinoatrial node and propagates through the atrium to the atrioventricular node and into the ventricle. Some patients with abnormal electrical activation require a pacemaker with leads implanted into the ventricle. This pacing changes the activation sequence to initially activate the ventricle in the region closest to the pacing electrode. Pacing also decreases mechanical function around the electrode and creates a gradient of regional stroke work (RSW) with the least work done near the pacing site and increasing with distance from the pacing location[1].
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