Journal articles: 'CARDIAC ANOMALIES DETECTION'

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Bahtiyar, Mert Ozan, and Joshua A. Copel. "Improving Detection of Fetal Cardiac Anomalies." Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 26, no. 12 (December 2007): 1639–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7863/jum.2007.26.12.1639.

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Triqui, Bouchra, and Abdelkader Benyettou. "Semi-Supervised Kohonen Map for Cardiac Anomalies Detection." International Review on Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS) 12, no. 3 (June 30, 2019): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/iremos.v12i3.16953.

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Morgan, Jamie L., John J. Byrne, Donald D. McIntire, Diane M. Twickler, and Jodi S. Dashe. "Detection of Fetal Cardiac Anomalies Using Standard Sonography [32S]." Obstetrics & Gynecology 133, no. 1 (May 2019): 210S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0000559482.62257.15.

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Nicole A, Bailey, Aldawsari Khalifah A, Zeidenweber Carlo M, and Khan* Danyal M. "Sudden Cardiac Death in a Neonate Due to Bilateral Absence of Coronary Artery Ostium." Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine 8, no. 2 (July 24, 2023): 086–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.jccm.1001158.

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Introduction: Congenital heart disease is a leading cause of neonatal mortality linked to birth defects. Despite the widespread availability of prenatal screenings, detection rates remain low. Accurate early detection of these lesions is pivotal to reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality. Methods: In this case, we present a neonate who experienced sudden cardiac death due to a rare, undiagnosed congenital cardiac anomaly - the bilateral absence of coronary artery ostium. Discussion: This case highlights the importance of prenatal detection of congenital cardiac anomalies. While fetal echocardiography is frequently utilized, it only identifies CHD in 36-50% of cases. This is attributed to inadequate imaging procedures, varied operator skills, and regional discrepancies. Early detection of severe CHD is essential for specialized treatment, thereby mitigating neonatal health risks and improving survival rates. Conclusion: Prenatal detection of CHD, especially coronary anomalies, continues to pose significant challenges. There is a pressing need to establish and enforce standardized protocols for fetal echocardiography aimed at these anomalies. To enhance care and improve outcomes, a joint effort between academic institutions and community centers is encouraged. Learning Objectives: • Congenital coronary artery anomalies are a significant cause of sudden cardiac death in children. • The absence of a coronary artery ostium is known to be associated with other congenital heart diseases, particularly pulmonary atresia with an intact ventricular septum. However, isolated coronary disease has also been reported in this case. • Prenatal echocardiography is a valuable tool for diagnosing congenital heart disease. However, certain limitations may be encountered when diagnosing coronary artery anomalies.

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Tasha, Ilir, Rachel Brook, Heidi Frasure, and Noam Lazebnik. "Prenatal Detection of Cardiac Anomalies in Fetuses with Single Umbilical Artery: Diagnostic Accuracy Comparison of Maternal-Fetal-Medicine and Pediatric Cardiologist." Journal of Pregnancy 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/265421.

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Aim. To determine agreement of cardiac anomalies between maternal fetal medicine (MFM) physicians and pediatric cardiologists (PC) in fetuses with single umbilical artery (SUA).Methods. A retrospective review of all fetuses with SUA between 1999 and 2008. Subjects were studied by MFM and PC, delivered at our institution, and had confirmation of SUA and cardiac anomaly by antenatal and neonatal PC follow-up. Subjects were divided into four groups: isolated SUA, SUA and isolated cardiac anomaly, SUA and multiple anomalies without heart anomalies, and SUA and multiple malformations including cardiac anomaly.Results. 39,942 cases were studied between 1999 and 2008. In 376 of 39,942 cases (0.94%), SUA was diagnosed. Only 182 (48.4%) met inclusion criteria. Cardiac anomalies were found in 21% (38/182). Agreement between MFM physicians and PC in all groups combined was 94% (171/182) (95% CI [89.2, 96.8]). MFM physicians overdiagnosed cardiac anomalies in 4.4% (8/182). MFM physicians and PC failed to antenatally diagnose cardiac anomaly in the same two cases.Conclusions. Good agreement was noted between MFM physicians and PC in our institution. Studies performed antenatally by MFM physicians and PC are less likely to uncover the entire spectrum of cardiac abnormalities and thus neonatal follow-up is suggested.

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Bak, G. S., B. L. Shaffer, E. Madriago, A. Allen, B. Kelly, A. B. Caughey, and L. Pereira. "Detection of fetal cardiac anomalies: cost‐effectiveness of increased number of cardiac views." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 55, no. 6 (June 2020): 758–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.21977.

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Nannavecchia, Antonella, Francesco Girardi, Pio Raffaele Fina, Michele Scalera, and Giovanni Dimauro. "Personal Heart Health Monitoring Based on 1D Convolutional Neural Network." Journal of Imaging 7, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging7020026.

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The automated detection of suspicious anomalies in electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings allows frequent personal heart health monitoring and can drastically reduce the number of ECGs that need to be manually examined by the cardiologists, excluding those classified as normal, facilitating healthcare decision-making and reducing a considerable amount of time and money. In this paper, we present a system able to automatically detect the suspect of cardiac pathologies in ECG signals from personal monitoring devices, with the aim to alert the patient to send the ECG to the medical specialist for a correct diagnosis and a proper therapy. The main contributes of this work are: (a) the implementation of a binary classifier based on a 1D-CNN architecture for detecting the suspect of anomalies in ECGs, regardless of the kind of cardiac pathology; (b) the analysis was carried out on 21 classes of different cardiac pathologies classified as anomalous; and (c) the possibility to classify anomalies even in ECG segments containing, at the same time, more than one class of cardiac pathologies. Moreover, 1D-CNN based architectures can allow an implementation of the system on cheap smart devices with low computational complexity. The system was tested on the ECG signals from the MIT-BIH ECG Arrhythmia Database for the MLII derivation. Two different experiments were carried out, showing remarkable performance compared to other similar systems. The best result showed high accuracy and recall, computed in terms of ECG segments and even higher accuracy and recall in terms of patients alerted, therefore considering the detection of anomalies with respect to entire ECG recordings.

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Marimon, Xavier, Sara Traserra, Marcel Jiménez, Andrés Ospina, and Raúl Benítez. "Detection of Abnormal Cardiac Response Patterns in Cardiac Tissue Using Deep Learning." Mathematics 10, no. 15 (August 5, 2022): 2786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10152786.

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This study reports a method for the detection of mechanical signaling anomalies in cardiac tissue through the use of deep learning and the design of two anomaly detectors. In contrast to anomaly classifiers, anomaly detectors allow accurate identification of the time position of the anomaly. The first detector used a recurrent neural network (RNN) of long short-term memory (LSTM) type, while the second used an autoencoder. Mechanical contraction data present several challanges, including high presence of noise due to the biological variability in the contraction response, noise introduced by the data acquisition chain and a wide variety of anomalies. Therefore, we present a robust deep-learning-based anomaly detection framework that addresses these main issues, which are difficult to address with standard unsupervised learning techniques. For the time series recording, an experimental model was designed in which signals of cardiac mechanical contraction (right and left atria) of a CD-1 mouse could be acquired in an automatic organ bath, reproducing the physiological conditions. In order to train the anomaly detection models and validate their performance, a database of synthetic signals was designed (n = 800 signals), including a wide range of anomalous events observed in the experimental recordings. The detector based on the LSTM neural network was the most accurate. The performance of this detector was assessed by means of experimental mechanical recordings of cardiac tissue of the right and left atria.

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van Dooren, Marieke F., Natascha N. T. Goemaere, Annelies de Klein, Dick Tibboel, and Ronald R. de Krijger. "Postmortem Findings and Clinicopathological Correlation in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia." Pediatric and Developmental Pathology 7, no. 5 (September 2004): 459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10024-004-1118-2.

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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a severe life-threatening disease, with an incidence of 3 per 10,000 births, that can occur as an isolated defect or in combination with other congenital anomalies. We reviewed the clinical and autopsy reports of 39 subjects with CDH that were autopsied between 1988 and 2001 to determine whether autopsy had an additional value in the detection of malformations in patients with CDH. We compared the clinical data (including echographic results in some patients) concerning congenital anomalies with the autopsy results. Before autopsy, 6 structural cardiac defects, 3 anomalies of the urogenital system, and 3 anomalies of the digestive tract were observed in 10 patients (clinical and echographic results). However, with postmortem examination, only 4 structural cardiac defects were confirmed, 2 cases showed another cardiac anomaly, and 7 new cardiac defects were found. In the urogenital system, 1 anomaly was confirmed, 1 was not confirmed, and 1 showed another malformation. In addition, in 7 patients new urogenital malformations were found after autopsy. In the digestive tract, all 3 malformations were confirmed, but we found 3 new malformations after postmortem examination. All clinically established dysmorphic features and anomalies of the skeletal system and central nervous system were confirmed by autopsy, and no additional malformations were found. We concluded that postmortem examination has an important additional role in the detection of structural cardiac defects and malformations of the urogenital system and digestive tract in children with CDH.

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Menashe, M., R. Arbel, D. Raveh, R. Achiron, and S. Yagel. "Poor prenatal detection rate of cardiac anomalies in Noonan syndrome." Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 19, no. 1 (January 2002): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0960-7692.2001.00485.x.

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Zhou, Houliang, and Chen Kan. "Tensor-Based ECG Anomaly Detection toward Cardiac Monitoring in the Internet of Health Things." Sensors 21, no. 12 (June 17, 2021): 4173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21124173.

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Advanced heart monitors, especially those enabled by the Internet of Health Things (IoHT), provide a great opportunity for continuous collection of the electrocardiogram (ECG), which contains rich information about underlying cardiac conditions. Realizing the full potential of IoHT-enabled cardiac monitoring hinges, to a great extent, on the detection of disease-induced anomalies from collected ECGs. However, challenges exist in the current literature for IoHT-based cardiac monitoring: (1) Most existing methods are based on supervised learning, which requires both normal and abnormal samples for training. This is impractical as it is generally unknown when and what kind of anomalies will occur during cardiac monitoring. (2) Furthermore, it is difficult to leverage advanced machine learning approaches for information processing of 1D ECG signals, as most of them are designed for 2D images and higher-dimensional data. To address these challenges, a new sensor-based unsupervised framework is developed for IoHT-based cardiac monitoring. First, a high-dimensional tensor is generated from the multi-channel ECG signals through the Gramian Angular Difference Field (GADF). Then, multi-linear principal component analysis (MPCA) is employed to unfold the ECG tensor and delineate the disease-altered patterns. Obtained principal components are used as features for anomaly detection using machine learning models (e.g., deep support vector data description (deep SVDD)) as well as statistical control charts (e.g., Hotelling T2 chart). The developed framework is evaluated and validated using real-world ECG datasets. Comparing to the state-of-the-art approaches, the developed framework with deep SVDD achieves superior performances in detecting abnormal ECG patterns induced by various types of cardiac disease, e.g., an F-score of 0.9771 is achieved for detecting atrial fibrillation, 0.9986 for detecting right bundle branch block, and 0.9550 for detecting ST-depression. Additionally, the developed framework with the T2 control chart facilitates personalized cycle-to-cycle monitoring with timely detected abnormal ECG patterns. The developed framework has a great potential to be implemented in IoHT-enabled cardiac monitoring and smart management of cardiac health.

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Cheema, Amandeep, and Mandeep Singh. "A Pre-screening method for cardiac anomalies detection using phonocardiography signals." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 9, no. 8 (2018): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2018.00717.9.

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Walker, T. S., H. Liversedge, and M. Taylor. "Antenatal detection of major cardiac anomalies in a secondary referral centre." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 95, Supplement 1 (June 1, 2010): Fa20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2010.189746.30.

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Gliozheni, Orion, Selami Sylejmani, and Kreston Kati. "Ultrasound and Diagnosis of Fetal Anomalies." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 5, no. 3 (2011): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1196.

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ABSTRACT Background Congenital abnormalities account 20 to 25% of perinatal deaths. Now, many genetic and other disorders can be diagnosed early in pregnancy. Screening examinations during pregnancy are an essential part of prenatal care. Among the various screening tests that are now offered to pregnant women, ultrasound (US) has the broadest diagnostic spectrum. There is no modality that can detect as many abnormalities during pregnancy as US. A priority goal in screening is the early detection of major fetal anomalies, which are defined as malformations that affect fetal viability and/or quality of life. During the past 10 years, some multicentric studies in Europe and USA show the successfulness of US diagnostics in detecting congenital abnormalities, even in women with low-risk pregnancy. The term sonoembryology designates the description of the embryonic anatomy, the normal anatomic relations and the development of abnormalities as visualized by ultrasound. To confirm the presence of normal anatomy or to make the diagnosis of an anomaly, we need knowledge of the normal embryonic development, including the appearance of the normal embryo. Definition of fetal anomalies Any deviation from the normal range during morphogenesis, constitutes an anomaly. Major anomalies are malformations that affect viability and/or the quality of life and require intervention, and minor anomalies are malformations that are definitely present, but are minimal and usually have no functional significance (e.g. ear tags). Incidence data on major congenital anomalies vary considerably, depending on the type of detecting system used. The passive detection system reports 2 to 3% of newborns, meanwhile the active detection system, in which newborns are systematically examined by trained obstetricians, reports the incidence of congenital defects in 7.3% of all newborns. Etiology About 20% of anomalies in live-born infants are based on a defective gene, 10% are due to chromosomal abnormalities and 10% are mainly due to exogenous injury to the conceptus. Some 60% of all congenital anomalies are indeterminate or multifactorial causes (hereditary factors and environmental influences). US can detect about 74% of major birth defects and possibly a higher number, when conducted by a well-trained specialist. We have demonstrated in this paper some fetal anomalies found by US during our practice in Tirana and Prizren. There are some anomalies of the CNS, neural tube defects, anomalies of the head, neck and spine, thoracic and cardiac anomalies, gastrointestinal and urinary tract anomalies as well as some extremities anomalies. Conclusion US diagnostic is a very useful method for evaluating the fetal health, fetal anomalies, anomalies of placenta and amniotic fluid as well as umbilical cord.

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Desai, Sarika, Erica Flores, Akil Loli, and Peter Maki. "Sinus of Valsalva Fistula to the Right Ventricle along with Coronary Artery Fistula to the Pulmonary Artery in a Young Native American Female." Case Reports in Cardiology 2013 (2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/674608.

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Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is a rare condition and associated with a high rate of mortality if rupture occurs. The aneurysms are rarely diagnosed until rupture occurs. This case describes a young Native American female whose only symptom was intermittent chest pain prior to the detection of the aneurysm along with a small ventricular septal defect. The patient was also found to have a coexisting coronary artery fistula, and it is rare phenomenon to have these coexisting anomalies. The anomalies were demonstrated on both cardiac computed tomography and coronary angiography. The patient underwent surgical closure of both anomalies, which is the recommended treatment to avoid future complications.

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Bronshtein, M., and E. Z. Zimmer. "The sonographic approach to the detection of fetal cardiac anomalies in early pregnancy." Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 19, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 360–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-0705.2002.00682.x.

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Petersen, Scott, Michael Pitt, Janice Henderson, and Jude Crino. "Detection of fetal cardiac anomalies in diabetic mothers: The utility of fetal echocardiography." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 191, no. 6 (December 2004): S175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2004.10.524.

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Cook, Andrew C. "The spectrum of fetal cardiac malformations." Cardiology in the Young 11, no. 1 (January 2001): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951100012518.

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AbstractIncreasingly, paediatric cardiologists are called upon to diagnose cardiac malformations prenatally. In the main, the types of malformation seen during fetal life will be similar to those documented postnatally, but the frequency with which they are encountered, as well as the views that can be used for diagnosis, will be different. This review aims to describe the anatomic spectrum of malformations seen in 917 fetal hearts examined consecutively following prenatal diagnosis. The distribution of anomalies is illustrated in terms of a simple sweep through the fetal thorax passing from the four-chamber plane to the outflow tracts, and then to more cranial views of the mediastinum. Two-thirds of the anomalies described would have been detectable in the four-chamber plane. Some, such as tricuspid valvar abnormalities, will alter the normal appearances of the four-chambers dramatically. In terms of the overall spectrum, however, such obvious abnormalities only form a minor part of the total number. Others, such as atrioventricular septal defect, will often require closer inspection of intracardiac anatomy, but will make up a large proportion of the entire cohort. Up to one third of the anomalies in the series would have required views more cranial to the four-chamber plane of section. In these, it would have been necessary to examine the nature of the left ventricular outflow tract, the crossing of the two outflows, or else the arterial arches in order to secure detection. In the fetus, these and other planes must be considered by the echocardiographer in order completely to detect and document the entire spectrum of cardiac abnormalities likely to be encountered.

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Slimane, Saliha Ould, Malika Kedir Talha, Zairi Hadjer, and Slimane Mekaoui. "COMPARISON OF TIME AND FREQUENCY METHODS FOR CARDIAC ANOMALIES RECOGNITION." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 28, no. 02 (April 2016): 1650010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237216500101.

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The main aim of this paper is a contribution to the design of an Intelligent Diagnosis System for Cardiac anomalies detection in acquired ECG (Electrocardiogram) signals. To attain this goal, the authors have developed two approaches to extract the most relevant and significant parameters that can best classify ECGs into two classes namely, Normal and Abnormal from real Electrocardiogram signals. The first approach is a time method which consists in modeling ECGs using RBF (Radial Basis Function) neural network algorithm, whereas, the second approach is a frequency based method which relies on the DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform) that projects the signal into a time-scale (time-frequency) plane. In both approaches, the resulting data are submitted to the same SVM (Support Machine Vector) Classifier. The results obtained have shown a good adjustment of relevant parameters for each approach and have revealed the most efficient combined processing-classification algorithm that has achieved classification rates up to 100 % allowing at a time a reduced number of parameters. This fact had considerably simplified the hardware for a real time implementation. Finally, the authors compared both approaches and have identified some implementation constraints, such as the sampling frequency for the frequency based approach and preprocessing and cutting for the time approach.

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Spooner, L., L. Lacey, and S. Mukherjee. "PFM.43 The antenatal detection of serious cardiac anomalies: A retrospective study from UHCW." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 99, Suppl 1 (June 2014): A96.1—A96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-306576.273.

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Crane, J. M., K. Ash, N. Fink, and C. Desjardins. "Abnormal fetal cardiac axis in the detection of intrathoracic anomalies and congenital heart disease." Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, no. 2 (August 1, 1997): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-0705.1997.10020090.x.

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Pasquini, L., A. Fichera, S. Kumar, N. M. Fisk, and H. M. Gardiner. "OC166: Recognition of cardiac disproportion at routine obstetric screening improves detection of serious anomalies." Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 22, S1 (2003): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.371.

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Prasad, R. H. Srinivas, T. Ramachandra Prasad, and K. Dayananda Kumar. "TRAP Sequence - An Interesting Entity in Twins." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 2 (September 25, 2012): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2156-7514.100997.

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Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence, is a rare malformation occurring in monozygotic multiple gestations. One well-developed normal (pump) twin and the other twin with absent cardiac structure (acardiac), who is hemodynamically dependent on the normal (pump) twin are characteristic of this syndrome. The acardiac twin develops multiple anomalies that make survival difficult. The prognosis of the pump twin is variable with mortality rate ranging from 50% to 70%. Complications that affect the prognosis of the pump twin include complications of congestive cardiac failure due to increased cardiac demand, prematurity secondary to preterm delivery, and polyhydramnios. Because of these complications prompt detection, follow-up, and treatment of this condition is very important. We report two cases of TRAP sequence that emphasizes the importance of gray-scale and color Doppler imaging in diagnosis, detection of poor prognostic features, follow-up, and management of TRAP sequence.

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Singh, Ritu, Navin Rajpal, and Rajesh Mehta. "Application-Specific Discriminant Analysis of Cardiac Anomalies Using Shift-Invariant Wavelet Transform." International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications 12, no. 4 (July 2021): 76–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijehmc.20210701.oa5.

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Automatic arrhythmia detection in electrocardiogram (ECG) using supervised learning has gained significant considerations in recent years. This paper projects the performance analysis of classifiers such as support vector machine (SVM), extreme learning machine (ELM), and k-nearest neighbor (KNN) with efficient time utilization showing multi-classification for specific medical application. The wavelet double decomposition is used to show the shift-invariant use of dual-tree complex wavelet transform for noise filtering and beat segmentation is done to extract 130 informative samples. Further, the linear discriminant analysis is applied to dimensionally reduce and elite the 12 most relevant features for classifying normal and four abnormal beats collected from MIT/BIH ECG database. The proposed executed system distinguishes SVM, ELM, and KNN with percentage accuracy of 99.8, 97, and 99.8 having classifier testing time as 0.0081s, 0.0031s, and 0.0234s, respectively. The simulated experimental outcomes in comparison with existing work yields adequate accuracy, and computational time.

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Sun, Heather Y., James A. Proudfoot, and Rachel T. McCandless. "Prenatal detection of critical cardiac outflow tract anomalies remains suboptimal despite revised obstetrical imaging guidelines." Congenital Heart Disease 13, no. 5 (July 18, 2018): 748–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/chd.12648.

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Lopes, Nilza, Eliana Caran, Maria Lucia Lee, Nasjla Saba Silva, André Caroli Rocha, and Carla Macedo. "Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome and Neoplasms: A Case Study." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 35, no. 2 (December 1, 2010): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.35.2.x01248284w166485.

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Gorlin syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder exhibiting high penetrance and variable expressivity. It is characterized by facial dysmorphism, skeletal anomalies, multiple basal cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts (OKC), palmar and plantar pits, bifid ribs, vertebral anomalies and a variety of other malformations. Various neoplasms, such as medulloblastomas, meningiomas, ovarian and cardiac fibromas are also found in this syndrome. Objective: To describe a twelve-year-old patient with Gorlin-Goltz syndrome,with basal cell carcinomas and promyelocytic leukemia developed after receiving craniospinal radiation for a medulloblastoma. Bifid ribs as well as mandibular and maxillar OKC were also diagnosed. Conclusion:The patient with Gorlin-Goltz syndrome should receive close follow-up for early detection of malformations and malignant neoplasias.

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Zakharyan, E. A., P. E. Grigoriev, D. V. Shatov, O. V. Soldatova, A. V. Fedorets, and L. E. Kapitanova. "A clinical case of the retroaortal course of the circumflex artery from the right coronary artery." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 22, no. 2 (July 10, 2023): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2023-2-165-169.

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An anomalous course of coronary arteries is fairly rare pathology, which, however, may underlie clinical manifestations of coronary artery disease. Expanding the possibilities of diagnostic coronary angiography makes it possible to detect numerous types of congenital anomalies of the coronary arteries.However, if earlier they were considered as angiographic findings and were characterized as benign, now this attitude has been changed due to reports of cases of syncope, angina pectoris, and sudden cardiac death associated with their presence. In this regard, a trend emerged to consider such anomalies as “potentially malignant”, which explains special caution at their detection. The article presents a clinical case of an anomalous retroaortic course of the circumflex artery from the right coronary artery.

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Christe, D. M., D. Mohana, and S. Shobha. "Major congenital malformations of foetus: a bane in pregnancy." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 11 (October 27, 2020): 4521. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20204803.

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Background: The aim of the study was to find out the numbers of women presenting with pregnancy complicating with major congenital anomalies of the fetus.Methods: This study was conducted over a period of fifteen months in the year 2018-2019. The types of congenital anomalies were that of the central nervous system, cardiac, renal, gastrointestinal, skeleto-muscular, hydrops foetalis, chromosomal, single umbilical artery and other multiple anomalies. Other variables regarding the age group of the mother, gravida, parity and gestational age at which the pregnancy was terminated was also noted.Results: A total of 212 pregnancies were diagnosed with major congenital anomalies of fetus and opted for termination. Malformations of the central nervous system (CNS) of fetus, formed the largest group of 56.6%, and fetal gastrointestinal malformations and fetal renal anomalies occupied the second major groups forming 11.8% and 11.3% respectively. The age group of women ranged between 23 years to 38 years. The largest group of pregnant women with fetal malformations were aged between 23-27 years. Primigravida with zero parity women were 60.4% of the total group of women with major fetal anomalies.Conclusions: Maximum number of congenital anomalies were seen in primigravida and para one mothers. Genetic counseling should be offered for women at clinics, before planning further pregnancy. Facilities should be made available for poor people from remote areas for early detection of congenital anomalies.

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Płużańska, Joanna, and Maria Respondek-Liberska. "Fetal Echocardiography in Uncommon Prenatal Cardiac Anomalies: Right Atrium Diverticulum, Interventricular Septal Aneurysm, Left and Right Ventricle Diverticulum – Report from Referral Center for Fetal Cardiology in Poland." Prenatal Cardiology 8, no. 1 (August 25, 2018): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pcard-2018-0004.

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Abstract The prenatal detection of congenital anomalies of heart walls is very rare. We present a unique series of 8 cases with prenatal echocardiographic monitoring, treatment and postnatal follow-up, providing new insight into this “mysterious” heart problem

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Döbel, Tom, Stephan Stöbe, Robert Percy Marshall, Pierre Hepp, Sven Fikenzer, Kati Fikenzer, Sandra Tautenhahn, Ulrich Laufs, and Andreas Hagendorff. "Possible new options and benefits to detect myocarditis, right ventricular remodeling and coronary anomalies by echocardiography in systematic preparticipation screening of athletes." International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging 36, no. 10 (May 27, 2020): 1855–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10554-020-01899-1.

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Abstract Exclusion of cardiac abnormalities should be performed at the beginning of the athlete’s career. Myocarditis, right ventricular remodeling and coronary anomalies are well-known causes of life-threatening events of athletes, major cardiovascular events and sudden cardiac death. The feasibility of an extended comprehensive echocardiographic protocol for the detection of structural cardiac abnormalities in athletes should be tested. This standardized protocol of transthoracic echocardiography includes two- and three-dimensional imaging, tissue Doppler imaging, and coronary artery scanning. Post processing was performed for deformation analysis of all compounds including layer strain. During 2017 and 2018, the feasibility of successful image acquisition and post processing analysis was retrospectively analyzed in 54 male elite athletes. In addition, noticeable findings inside the analyzed cohort are described. The extended image acquisition and data analyzing was feasible from 74 to 100%, depending on the used modalities. One case of myocarditis was detected in the present cohort. Coronary anomalies were not found. Right ventricular size and function were within normal ranges. Isovolumetric right ventricular relaxation time showed significant regional differences. One case of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and two subjects with bicuspid aortic valves were found. Due to the excessive cardiac stress in highly competitive sports, high-quality and precise screening modalities are necessary, especially with respect to acquired cardiac diseases like acute myocarditis and pathological changes of left ventricular and RV geometry. The documented feasibility of the proposed extended protocol underlines the suitability to detect distinct morphological and functional cardiac alterations and documents the potential added value of a comprehensive echocardiography.

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Țarcă, Elena, Dina Al Namat, Alina Costina Luca, Vasile Valeriu Lupu, Razan Al Namat, Ancuța Lupu, Laura Bălănescu, et al. "Omphalocele and Cardiac Abnormalities—The Importance of the Association." Diagnostics 13, no. 8 (April 14, 2023): 1413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13081413.

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Omphalocele is the most common ventral abdominal wall defect. Omphalocele is associated with other significant anomalies in up to 80% of cases, among which the cardiac ones are the most frequent. The aim of our paper is to highlight, through a review of the literature, the importance and frequency of association between the two malformations and what impact this association has on the management and evolution of patients with these pathologies. We reviewed the titles, the available abstracts, and the full texts of 244 papers from the last 23 years, from three medical databases, to extract data for our review. Due to the frequent association of the two malformations and the unfavorable effect of the major cardiac anomaly on the prognosis of the newborn, the electrocardiogram and echocardiography must be included in the first postnatal investigations. The timing of surgery for abdominal wall defect closure is mostly dictated by the cardiac defect severity, and usually the cardiac defect takes priority. After the cardiac defect is medically stabilized or surgically repaired, the omphalocele reduction and closure of the abdominal defect are performed in a more controlled setting, with improved outcomes. Compared to omphalocele patients without cardiac defects, children with this association are more likely to experience prolonged hospitalizations, neurologic, and cognitive impairments. Major cardiac abnormalities such as structural defects that require surgical treatment or result in developmental delay will significantly increase the death rate of patients with omphalocele. In conclusion, the prenatal diagnosis of omphalocele and early detection of other associated structural or chromosomal anomalies are of overwhelming importance, contributing to the establishment of antenatal and postnatal prognosis.

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Gupta, Pranav, and Luzius A. Steiner. "Role of Transcranial Doppler in Cardiac Surgery Patients." Current Anesthesiology Reports 11, no. 4 (October 18, 2021): 507–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40140-021-00483-0.

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Abstract Purpose of Review This review discusses applications of transcranial Doppler (TCD) in cardiac surgery, its efficacy in preventing adverse events such as postoperative cognitive decline and stroke, and its impact on clinical outcomes in these patients. Recent Findings TCD alone and in combination with other neuromonitoring modalities has attracted attention as a potential monitoring tool in cardiac surgery patients. TCD allows not only the detection of microemboli and measurement of cerebral blood flow velocity in cerebral arteries but also the assessment of cerebral autoregulation. Summary Neuromonitoring is critically important in cardiac surgery as surgical and anesthetic interventions as well as several other factors may increase the risk of cerebral embolization (gaseous and particulate) and cerebral perfusion anomalies, which may lead to adverse neurological events. As an experimental tool, TCD has revealed a possible association of poor neurological outcome with intraoperative cerebral emboli and impaired cerebral perfusion. However, to date, there is no evidence that routine use of transcranial Doppler can improve neurological outcome after cardiac surgery.

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Berry, LE, JLS Budd, and ES Draper. "PP.37 The Antenatal Detection of Serious Cardiac Anomalies – Evaluating a Disparate Group Against a Target." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 98, Suppl 1 (April 2013): A92.2—A92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2013-303966.317.

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Batra, M., K. K. Gopinathan, B. Balakrishnan, P. Gopinath, R. Kuriakoseii, and J. Gupta. "OP12.02: The detection rate of cardiac anomalies at 11 - 13+6 weeks scan using four chamber." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 42, s1 (October 2013): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.12814.

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Chotzoglou, Elisa, Thomas Day, Jeremy Tan, Jacqueline Matthew, David Lloyd, Reza Razavi, John Simpson, and Bernhard Kainz. "Learning normal appearance for fetal anomaly screening: Application to the unsupervised detection of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome." Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging 1, September 2021 (October 22, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.59275/j.melba.2021-g4dg.

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Congenital heart disease is considered as one the most common groups of congenital malformations which affects 6 − 11 per 1000 newborns. In this work, an automated framework for detection of cardiac anomalies during ultrasound screening is proposed and evaluated on the example of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS), a sub-category of congenital heart disease. We propose an unsupervised approach that learns healthy anatomy exclusively from clinically confirmed normal control patients. We evaluate a number of known anomaly detection frameworks together with a new model architecture based on the α-GAN network and find evidence that the proposed model performs significantly better than the state-of-the-art in image-based anomaly detection, yielding average 0.81 AUC and a better robustness towards initialisation compared to previous works.

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MARINAȘ, MARIUS CRISTIAN, LUCIAN GEORGE ZORILĂ, CIPRIAN LAURENȚIU PĂTRU, TIBERIU ȘTEFĂNIȚĂ ȚENEA COJAN, VLAD DUMITRU BALEANU, DRAGOŞ VIRGIL DAVITOIU, BOGDAN NICULESCU, et al. "Maternal serum biochemical markers combined with ultrasound diagnosis at the end of the first trimester." Romanian Biotechnological Letters 26, no. 4 (June 29, 2021): 2879–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.25083/rbl/26.4/2879-2884.

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Objectives. Evaluating the benefits of an early screening of combined maternal markers and ultrasound of the fetuses. Methods. Prospective study (1 January and 31 December 2018) enrolled 187 patients, evaluated at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy (nuchal scan). Biochemical markers: detection of free β human chorionic gonadotropin and serum pregnancy associated plasma protein A. The first trimester ultrasound examination included the assessment of the nuchal translucency, fetal crown rump length and fetal heart. Results. 9 cases with abnormal biomarkers, increased nuchal translucency and cardiac anomalies, including abnormal 4-chamber view (6 cases) and great vessel anomalies (3 cases). 1 case considered initially negative in the first trimester was diagnosed by morphological scan with tetralogy of Fallot in the second trimester. Conclusions. A first trimester combined ultrasound protocol and maternal serum biochemical markers is important in the early prenatal care screening.

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Meric, Murat, and Serkan Yuksel. "Diffuse Coronary Artery Fistula Leading to Syncope and Treated with Transcatheter Coil Occlusion and a Defibrillator: A Case Report." Medical Principles and Practice 28, no. 5 (2019): 493–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000500309.

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Objectives: Coronary artery fistulas connecting coronary arteries to cardiac cavities are rare but clinically significant anomalies. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 47-year-old male patient presented with syncope. Left ventricular dysfunction was detected on echocardiography. Extensive coronary fistulas draining into the left ventricle were found on coronary angiography. Ventricular fibrillation was induced on electrophysiology study. Because of the induction of ventricular fibrillation, extensive fistulas, and presence of other risk factors, an implantable cardioverter defibrillator was implanted. After the detection of ischemia by nuclear scanning, microcoil occlusion of the fistula was performed. Conclusion: The present case describes extensive fistulas complicated with fatal ventricular arrhythmias due to ischemia and left ventricle dysfunction. A cardioverter defibrillator was implanted to prevent sudden cardiac death.

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Hildebrand, Emily. "First-Trimester Diagnosis of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome: A Case Report." Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 37, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479320975692.

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Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) comprises a spectrum of left-sided heart anomalies resulting from left outflow or inflow obstruction. Obstruction most often occurs at the levels of the aortic valve and/or mitral valve due to stenosis or atresia. HLHS is a lethal cardiac anomaly if not treated within the first week of life. Knowledge of sonographic features could aid in early detection, which results in better planning and management of pregnancy. This report presents a case in which HLHS was discovered during a routine dating and viability sonogram, performed at 12 weeks’ gestation.

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Harper, Andrew Robert, Monica Dai, and Rashmi M. Prabhatha. "Tetralogy of Fallot with double aortic arch." Cardiology in the Young 21, no. 6 (July 26, 2011): 695–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951111001144.

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AbstractAn 8 year old girl presents with cyanosis, exertional dyspnoea, and palpitation only. X-ray displayed a typical coeur en sabot heart and auscultsation revealed a harsh ejection systolic murmur. Echocardiography confirmed Tetralogy of Fallot (McGoon ratio 1.3) and computed tomography was requested for further investigation of pulmonary stenosis. A vascular ring was detected, presenting asymptomatically and previously missed through echocardiography. The patient underwent a double-stage repair with ligation of an aortic arch. Recovery was unremarkable. This case highlights the limitations of echocardiography in detection of extra-cardiac anomalies.

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Granados Samaniego, J., F. Tavera Romero, RT Hernández López, J. M. Velázquez Arcos, and A. Cid Reborido. "Cardiac Acoustic Signal of an unborn baby. A case study." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2307, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2307/1/012061.

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Abstract In medical and laboratory procedures used to obtain useful information to diagnose a disease it is very important not to cause harm to the patient. In the detection of heart disease in fetuses in the mother’s womb, a safe and non-invasive procedure is fetal phonocardiography. In this procedure, an electronic stethoscope captures the sound emitted by the baby’s heart, transforms it into an image and is displayed on a computer screen and a subsequent analysis of that image is performed. This paper shows the procedure to obtain the phonocardiogram of an unborn baby and an algorithm for extracting from it the sounds from the mother’s heart and other physiological noises. The purpose is to recognize if in the acoustic image there are anomalies that allow us to identify congenital or other type lesions in the heart of the fetus.

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Raucher Sternfeld, Alona, Tal Betzer, Akiva Tamir, Yossi Mizrachi, Sagie Assa, Jacob Bar, and Liat Gindes. "Can Fetal Echocardiographic Measurements of the Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Angle Detect Fetuses with Conotruncal Cardiac Anomalies?" Diagnostics 11, no. 7 (June 29, 2021): 1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11071185.

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Objectives: The angle between the inter-ventricular septum and the ascending aorta can be measured during a sonographic fetal survey while viewing the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT angle). Our aim was to compare the LVOT angle between fetuses with and without conotruncal cardiac anomaliesrmations. Methods: In this prospective observational study, we compared the LVOT angle between normal fetuses, at different gestational age, and fetuses with cardiac malformations. Results: The study included 302 fetuses screened at gestational age of 12–39 weeks. The LVOT angle ranged from 127 to 163 degrees (mean 148.2), in 293 fetuses with normal hearts, and was not correlated with gestational age. The LVOT angle was significantly wider in fetuses with D-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA, eight fetuses) and valvar aortic stenosis (AS, three fetuses), than in fetuses with normal hearts (164.8 ± 5.0 vs. 148.2 ± 5.4, respectively, p < 0.001). Conversely, the LVOT angle was significantly narrower in fetuses with complete atrioventricular canal defect (AVC, eight fetuses), than in fetuses with normal hearts (124.8 ± 2.4 vs. 148.2 ± 5.4, respectively, p < 0.001). On ROC analysis, an angle of 159.6 degrees or higher had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 97.3% for the detection of TGA or AS, whereas an angle of 128.8 degrees or lower had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 99.7% for the detection of AVC defect. Conclusions: The LVOT angle is constant during pregnancy, and differs significantly in fetuses with TGA/AS, and AVC, compared to fetuses with normal hearts (wider and narrower, respectively).

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Cengiz, A. Tevfik, Lügen Cengiz, Mehmet Kıyan, Fadıl Kara, M. Şahin Uğurel, and Hakan Leblebicioğlu. "Detection With Elisa of Rubella-Specific lgG In Maternal and Cord Sera of Still or Anomalous Birth Cases and Determination Of Rubella Risk Group." European Journal of Therapeutics 2, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.58600/eurjther.19910102-495.

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In this study, from 102 cases belonging to 18-40 age group, 85 cases (83.33%) hava been found seropositive for rubella specific lgG.Whereas the remaining 15 cases (16.67%) seronegative for rubella-specific lgG have been accepted as rubella-sensitive risk group Matemal and cord sera could have been studied in pairs for 76 of those 102 cases and 64 of the mothers hava been found anti-rubella lgG positive, for 54 (84.37%) of which cord-sera hava also been positive. Twelve pairs of sera been negative for both the mothers and the cords. With these findings, cord serum anti-rubella lgG has been negative in 22 cases (28.95 %) and positive in 54 cases (71.05 %).in anti-rubella lgG negative 12 babies bom from rubella-sensitive mothers, pathological conditions such as encephalocele, anencephaly, shortenning of cardiac myofibrils, immaturity, prematurity and still birth have been observed. in anti-rubella lgG negative 1 O babies bom from rubella lgG positive mothers, microcephaly, cardiac atresia, hard palate anomalies and intrauterine death hava been observed. Five of the caases in which only the matemal sera have been available for the study, rubella-specific lgG has been found negative while their babies have revealed several anomalies. Ongoing importance of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) and the necessity of rubella specific lgM detection together with the other TORCH agents are obvious by these findings, which reflect the need for taking preventive measures from matemal-child health point of view.

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Ilic, Dragana, Dragan Stojanov, Goran Koracevic, Sladjana Petrovic, Zoran Radovanovic, and Stojanka Arsic. "The prevalence of coronary artery anomalies in adults: Studied with computed tomography coronary angiography." Vojnosanitetski pregled 75, no. 1 (2018): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp160205201i.

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Background/Aim. Coronary artery anomalies are an uncommon but important cause of chest pain, and in some cases of hemodynamically significant abnormalities, sudden cardiac death. The aim of the research was to establish the prevalence of the coronary arteries anomalies in our population. Methods. The study group included 1,562 patients (810 men, 752 women, average age 64.3 ? 12.0 years; range 32?80 years) who were scheduled for 64-slice computed tomography (MSCT), which enables detailed visualization of coronary arteries and heart anatomy. All examinations were made due to suspicion (atypical chest pain, angina equivalent symptoms or multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease) or assumption of progression of coronary artery disease. Results. From January 2010 till December 2014 a total number of 1,562 patients were sent for evaluation of coronary arteries. The coronary anomalies were found in 45 (2.88%) patients. The most frequent coronary anomaly seen in our population group was absence of left main trunk with the separate origin of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and left circumflex artery (LCx) originating from a left coronary sinus (LCS). This was found in 12 patients (an incidence of 0.77% or 26.7% of all coronary anomalies). Anomalous location of coronary ostium outside normal aortic sinuses in our study was present as right coronary artery (RCA) that arises from left anterior sinus in 5 (0.32%) patients and left coronary artery from non-coronary sinus in two (0.13%) patients. Conclusion. Knowledge of anomalies of the coronary arteries and their recognition on the multislice computed tomography is of great importance for the further planning of a possible therapeutic treatment. Coronary anomalies that are considered insignificant will require no further therapeutic treatment. But the detection of malignant coronary anomalies will certainly save many lives.

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Wrede, Elisabeth, Alexander Johannes Knippel, Pablo Emilio Verde, Ruediger Hammer, and Peter Kozlowski. "Isolated Echogenic Cardiac Focus: Assessing Association with Trisomy 21 by Combining Results from a Prenatal Center with a Bayesian Meta-Analysis." Ultrasound International Open 05, no. 03 (November 2019): E98—E106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1118-3974.

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Abstract Objective To investigate the clinical relevance of an isolated echogenic cardiac focus (iECF) as a marker for trisomy 21 using a large second-trimester collective including a low-risk subgroup. Materials and Methods We retrospectively evaluated 1 25 211 pregnancies from 2000–2016 and analyzed all iECF cases with regard to chromosomal anomalies. It consisted of an early second-trimester collective from 14+0−17+6 weeks (n=34 791) and a second-trimester anomaly scan collective from 18+0–21+6 weeks. Two a priori risk subgroups (high and low risk) of the latter were built based on maternal age and previous screening test results using a cut-off of 1:300. Likelihood ratios (LR) of iECF for the detection of trisomy 21, trisomy 13, trisomy 18 and structural chromosomal anomalies were estimated. Results In total, 1 04 001 patients were included. An iECF was found in 4416 of 1 02 847 euploid fetuses (4.29%) and in 64 of 557 cases with trisomy 21 (11.49%) giving a positive LR of 2.68 (CI: 2.12–3.2). The sensitivity was 11.5% at a false-positive rate of 4.29% (CI:4.17–4.42) with p≤0.01%. In the high-and low-risk subgroups, the prevalence of iECF was comparable: 5.08% vs. 5.05%. The frequency of trisomy 21 was 0.39%, 98/24 979 vs 0.16%, 69/44 103. LR+was 3.86 (2.43–5.14) and 2.59 (1.05–4). For both subgroups the association of iECF with trisomy 21 was statistically significant. The prevalence of structural chromosomal anomalies in the second-trimester anomaly scan collective was 0.08% (52/68 967), of which 2 showed an iECF. Conclusion The detection of an iECF at the time of 14+0–21+6 weeks significantly increases the risk for trisomy 21 in the high-risk and in the low-risk subgroups and does not statistically change the risks for trisomy 13/18 or structural abnormalitie.

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Sangi, Rumana, Aliya Kemal Ahsan, Parveen Akhtar, Abdul Sattar Shaikh, Saba Mumtaz, Nazish Alisher, Amber Kamran, and Musarat Nazir Sandano. "Evaluating Types of TAPVR on Echocardiography and CT Angiography in Paediatric Patients Admitted in Tertiary Care Hospital: A Comparative Study." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 17, no. 4 (May 12, 2023): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023174387.

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Objective: To evaluate the types of TAPVR on Echocardiography and CT Angiography in Paediatric Patients Study design: A comparative study Place and Duration: Pediatric cardiology department and CT Angiography department of the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) Karachi from January 2019 to December 2021 Methodology: Patients who have TAPVR confirmed by CT angiography and detected by echocardiography were included in the research. Cases having anomalies in the systemic veins were eliminated. Demographic variables (age, gender, weight, etc.), echocardiographic results (such as type of TAPVR, obstructive and non-obstructive), and CT angiography findings were collected for the study using a preset structured proforma. We evaluated the diagnostic disparity between the two modalities. Results: In the present study there were 107 patients, 67.3% were male gender, 56.1% with age less than 6 months, the median age was 6 months, median weight was 4.5 kg. On echocardiography, there were 83.2% non-obstructive, 47.7% supracardiac and 36.4% cardiac TAPVR. On CT angiography, there were 66.4% were non-obstructive, 53.3% supracardiac and 23.4% cardiac TAPVR. Of the associated cardiac diseases, in common 86.9% were found with atrial septal defect, 13.1% were persistent left superior vena cava, 12.1% were patent ductus arteriosus, 8.4% were a ventricular septal defect, 6.5% were of pulmonary atresia, and 3.7% were complete endocardial cushion defect. Conclusion: As compared to echocardiography, CT angiography is more reliable for the detection of obstructive and mixed types of TAPVR. Detection of the supracardiac type of TAPVR is also almost the same as on echocardiography and CT angiography. As compared to CT angiography, echocardiography over diagnoses the non-obstructive type of TAPVR. CT angiogram is also useful in detecting other associated lesions such as heterotaxy, abnormal coronaries, presence of bilateral superior vena cava and coronary sinus. Keywords: TAVPR, echocardiography, CT angiography, cardiac disorders

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Asokan, Dr Arunkumar, Dr Anandkumar G, Dr Kirubhakaran Kanakaraju, and Dr Hamsavardhini Rajenthrakumar. "Criss Cross Heart with Normally Related Great Arteries." Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports 9, no. 11 (November 12, 2021): 1090–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2021.v09i11.013.

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The detection of rare congenital cardiac anomalies gives us an opportunity to study such infrequent conditions in greater detail. In this report we describe such an entity that has been reported in the literature extremely rarely. A six weeks old baby boy presented with respiratory distress with features of cardiac failure. The echocardiogram revealed a Criss cross heart with atrioventricular segmental discordance, with a large ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect and pulmonary arterial hypertension. The ventricles did not have the expected supero-inferior position. There was no ventriculoarterial discordance with no atrioventricular valve straddling. This condition is a rare congenital anomaly. Absence of supero-inferior position of the ventricles, ventriculoarterial discordance and straddling of atrioventricular valves make this case most unusual. Hence such variations need to be considered while entertaining a diagnosis of Criss cross heart in future reports.

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Rajan, DC, R. Krishnamurthy, R. Mupanemunda, and S. Patni. "PFM.59 Foetal Cardiac Anomalies: Antenatal detection rate following introduction of Outflow Tract Views and their perinatal outcomes." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 99, Suppl 1 (June 2014): A101.3—A101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-306576.289.

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Abdrakhmanova, A. I., N. B. Amirov, N. A. Tsibul’kin, E. B. Frolova, O. Yu Mikhoparova, and O. B. Oshchepkova. "Cardiogenic syncope in therapeutic practice." Kazan medical journal 97, no. 6 (December 15, 2016): 913–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2016-913.

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Recent publications devoted to the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of cardiogenic syncope were reviewed. The analysis of the current state of views on a pathogenesis, classification and features of a clinical picture of syncope of cardiogenic etiology was performed. Cardiogenic syncope has a 20-30% mortality. The highest risk is characteristic for the age more than 45 years, heart failure, history of ventricular tachycardia, nonspecific changes on ECG. With three and more risk factors the probability of a sudden cardiac death within the next year can reach 80%. The cause of cardiogenic syncope is reduction of cerebral blood flow. Cardiogenic syncope can be caused by a fall in blood pressure, cardiac output and total peripheral vascular resistance. Cardiogenic syncope may be the result of bradycardia and asystole, supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia, pulmonary embolism, dissecting aortic aneurysm, structural defects and cardiac anomalies, presence of myxoma or mobile atrial clot, cardiac tamponade, constrictive pericarditis, acute myocardial ischemia, abnormalities of the coronary arteries, dysfunction of prosthetic valve and cardiac pacemakers. In the diagnosis of cardiogenic syncope anamnesis and data received on physical examination are important. Instrumental examination should include electrocardiography, detection of comorbid conditions, exercise stress tests such as cycle ergometry or treadmill test, Holter ECG monitor, echocardiography, and coronary angiography for suspected acute myocardial ischemia.

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Koppel, C. J., B. W. Driesen, R. J. de Winter, A. E. van den Bosch, R. van Kimmenade, L. J. Wagenaar, J. W. Jukema, et al. "The first multicentre study on coronary anomalies in the Netherlands: MuSCAT." Netherlands Heart Journal 29, no. 6 (March 8, 2021): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12471-021-01556-9.

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Abstract Background Current guidelines on coronary anomalies are primarily based on expert consensus and a limited number of trials. A gold standard for diagnosis and a consensus on the treatment strategy in this patient group are lacking, especially for patients with an anomalous origin of a coronary artery from the opposite sinus of Valsalva (ACAOS) with an interarterial course. Aim To provide evidence-substantiated recommendations for diagnostic work-up, treatment and follow-up of patients with anomalous coronary arteries. Methods A clinical care pathway for patients with ACAOS was established by six Dutch centres. Prospectively included patients undergo work-up according to protocol using computed tomography (CT) angiography, ischaemia detection, echocardiography and coronary angiography with intracoronary measurements to assess anatomical and physiological characteristics of the ACAOS. Surgical and functional follow-up results are evaluated by CT angiography, ischaemia detection and a quality-of-life questionnaire. Patient inclusion for the first multicentre study on coronary anomalies in the Netherlands started in 2020 and will continue for at least 3 years with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up. For patients with a right or left coronary artery originating from the pulmonary artery and coronary arteriovenous fistulas a registry is maintained. Results Primary outcomes are: (cardiac) death, myocardial ischaemia attributable to the ACAOS, re-intervention after surgery and intervention after initially conservative treatment. The influence of work-up examinations on treatment choice is also evaluated. Conclusions Structural evidence for the appropriate management of patients with coronary anomalies, especially (interarterial) ACAOS, is lacking. By means of a structured care pathway in a multicentre setting, we aim to provide an evidence-based strategy for the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of this patient group.

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Farrell, Sinead, Aoife McTiernan, Colin Walsh, Colin McMahon, David Coleman, Orla Franklin, Cecilia Mulcahy, et al. "550: Prenatal detection of structural cardiac defects and presence of associated anomalies: a prospective study of 1244 fetal echocardiograms." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 208, no. 1 (January 2013): S236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2012.10.716.

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Journal articles on the topic 'CARDIAC ANOMALIES DETECTION'

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