Academic literature on the topic 'Cardiac'

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Journal articles on the topic "Cardiac":

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Rodríguez, Javier, Signed Prieto, Milena Flórez, Claudia Alarcón, Ruth López, Gydnea Aguirre, Laura Pinilla, Omar Rovira, and Laura Méndez. "Cardiac dynamic systems in normal neonates: Neonate chaotic cardiac law." Salud Uninorte 30, no. 3 (December 15, 2014): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/sun.30.3.5757.

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Álvaro Vázquez Lopez-Cepero, Javier Iborra Escalona, and Vicente Torres-Pedrós. "Dispositivos de asistencia mecánica circulatoria." Revista Electrónica AnestesiaR 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.30445/rear.v10i8.630.

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Un dispositivo de asistencia mecánica circulatoria o AMC, es una bomba con capacidad de dar soporte mecánico a un corazón en fallo cardiaco, facilitando el bombeo de la sangre desde las cavidades cardiacas hacia la circulación sistémica. Consideramos asistencia circulatoria a cualquier dispositivo o sistema utilizado para apoyar o sustituir la función cardiaca de forma temporal o, más raramente, permanente. Por norma general nos referimos a las asistencias ventriculares mecánicas y al corazón artificial total. ABSTRACT A mechanical circulatory assist devices (MCADs) , is a pump capable of giving mechanical support to a heart in heart failure, facilitating the pumping of blood from the cardiac cavities to the systemic circulation. We consider circulatory assistance to any device or system used to support or replace cardiac function temporarily or, more rarely, permanently. As a general rule, we refer to mechanical ventricular assist and total artificial heart.
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Debbal, Sidi. "Cardiac Severity Analysis." Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery 2, no. 2 (August 11, 2021): 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2693-2156/023.

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Phonocardiogram (PCG) signal is a particular approach to explore cardiac activity, to develop technics that may serve medical staff to diagnose several cardiac diseases. We took advantage of PCG signal that shows heart murmurs on its tracing dissimilar to other cardiac signals, to design an algorithm to study and classify heart murmurs. In this paper, the importance is given to the severity of murmurs to highlight its impact, since depending on its stage the patient could be in life-threatening point; therefore, the purpose of this paper is focused on three essential steps: according to the algorithm, extracting murmurs and classifying them to deferent stages then investigate the impact of severity on cardiac frequency through some parameters. The severity stage calculation was based on energy ratio (ER) which is recommended by recent studies as an effective factor, however, we succeed to validate that murmur energy (ME) is also a qualified feature to determine severity. But despite that murmur duration, it's an inefficient way to judge the cardiac severity, which is a very important indicator of the general health of the human body. This study is done on considering many patients and it reveals very interesting results.
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Hashmi, Faiz, and Nikita Sharma. "Cardiac Nuclear Medicine." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-1 (December 31, 2017): 1235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd8212.

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Kisan, Chopade Dnyandeo, Parate Swapna, Gangane Suresh, and Chopade Sandesh. "Cytogenetic Association of Cardiac and Non-Cardiac Anomalies in Down’s Syndrome." Indian Journal of Genetics and Molecular Research 7, no. 1 (2018): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijgmr.2319.4782.7118.1.

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Eun, Sung-Jong, and Jin-Sun Kook. "Evaluation of Cardiac Ejection Fraction using Cardiac MRI." Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology 5, no. 5 (October 31, 2011): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7742/jksr.2011.5.5.289.

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Patil, Amarjeet D., Sunita A. Patil, Vijay Bhola, Supriya Gokhale Gokhale, and Charu Sudan Sudan. "SUCCINYLCHOLINE CAUSING CARDIAC ARREST." Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences 1, no. 2 (April 2014): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2014.1.2.6.

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Prasad, Arun, Sanjeev Kumar, Pradeep Kumar, Manju Kumari, and Rajesh Kumar. "Cardiac Rhabdomyoma in Children." Indian Journal of Trauma and Emergency Pediatrics 10, no. 2 (2018): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijtep.2348.9987.10218.3.

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Jacome Ruiz, Pablo, and Christian Baquerizo Cardenas. "Monitor Cardíaco Portátil con Interfaz Bluetooth “CARDIO UEES” / Portable Heart Monitor with a Bluetooth Interface “CARDIO UEES”." Ciencia Unemi 9, no. 20 (December 20, 2016): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29076/issn.2528-7737vol9iss20.2016pp36-49p.

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En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo e implementación de un monitor cardiaco capaz de cumplir con características de portabilidad, facilidad de uso y tiempo prolongado de operación. El diseño se divide en dos fases. En la primera, cada etapa del monitor cardiaco se implementa priorizando su consumo individual de energía. En la segunda fase, se integran las etapas para conformar el monitor cardiaco, constituido por una fuente de alimentación, una interfaz con el paciente, un micro controlador, una interfaz inalámbrica y una aplicación que se ejecuta en un teléfono inteligente. Para cumplir con las dos fases de diseño se exponen inicialmente los fundamentos teóricos y el desarrollo actual de la monitorización cardiaca. Posteriormente, para cada etapa se describen los requerimientos funcionales y las variables relevantes para su diseño. También se detallan los procesos de implementación y los procedimientos de prueba y sus resultados. Con esta investigación se pretende contribuir con una alternativa de diseño de un monitor cardiaco, que puede utilizarse por un periodo no menor a 30 días. Los resultados demostraron que el equipo desarrollado permite la monitorización cardiaca remota, facilita la movilidad de pacientes y además elimina la necesidad además elimina la necesidad de continuas recargas de energía. ABSTRACTThis paper describes the development and implementation of a heart monitor capable of meeting portability features, easy to use and a prolonged time of operation. The design is divided into two phases. In the first, each stage of the cardiac monitor is implemented prioritizing their individual energy consumption. In the second phase, the stages are integrated to form the cardiac monitor, consisting of a power supply, an interface with the patient, a micro controller, a wireless interface and an application running on a smartphone. To fulfill the two design phases are initially exposed the theoretical foundations and the current development of cardiac monitoring. Subsequently, for each stage, the functional requirements are described and the relevant variables for the design. Also, implementation processes and test procedures and results are detailed. This research is intended to contribute to an alternative design of a heart monitor, which can be used for not less than 30 days period. The results showed that the equipment developed allows remote cardiac monitoring, facilitates the mobility of patients and also eliminates the need for continuous energy refills.
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Geddes, L. A. "Fibrilacion — Defibrilacion cardiaca (Cardiac fibrillation and defibrillation)." Journal of Biomedical Engineering 9, no. 4 (October 1987): 379–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-5425(87)90089-6.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cardiac":

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McDonald, Cameron. "Investigations in Cardiac Development and Cardiac Regeneration." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366063.

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Cardiovascular disease and congenital heart disease impose a massive burden on society around the world. From the cost in terms of lost human lives and diminished quality of life, to the financial expense of ongoing medical treatment, the heart’s inability to effectively repair and regenerate itself presents a major challenge for medical research. The research conducted within this thesis hoped to contribute to our knowledge of the molecular pathways of myocardial development, and to explore the potential of olfactory derived stem cells to repopulate insulted myocardium. A combination of molecular biology and classical embryology techniques were first used to characterise two novel cDNAs identified in an earlier study as being upregulated in the regions of cardiac development within the chick embryo. cDNA and genomic library screening along with RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) produced products which were sequenced to identify both the transcript and genomic sequence for both of the genes. Protein expression constructs were then used to identify the localisation of the encoded proteins, and whole mount in situ hybridisation utilised to identify the temporal and spatial expression patterns of the genes. The first cDNA was identified as the vertebrate homologue of the Drosophila e(y)2 gene, and produces a transcript of approximately 600 bp in the chick with a genomic structure consisting of 5 exons covering approximately 6 Kb. The encoded protein localises to the nucleus. Its expression is ubiquitous both temporally and spatially, which is at odds with its initial method of identification. The second cDNA remains novel at the time of submission, and shows no homology to any characterised genes. This cDNA, named C1-3C, produces two alternative transcripts, one of approximately 700 bp, and a second of 9.9 Kb, with a genomic structure showing no introns within the 2 Kb of analysed sequence. The encoded protein again localises to the nucleus. Expression of the C1-3C gene demonstrated a discrete pattern, though this pattern is again contrary to an up-regulation within the cardiogenic regions. Whilst unfortunately neither of the investigated genes appear to play a direct role in cardiac development, the aim of characterisation of these novel cDNAs was achieved.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Paul, Ashok Abraham. "Investigation of cardiac and non-cardiac drugs that modulate cardiac Herg K⁺ channels." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274632.

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Baily, James Edward. "Role of cardiac perivascular cells in cardiac repair." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15846.

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Ischaemic heart disease accounts for approximately 7 million deaths worldwide on a yearly basis and this figure is only set to rise as life expectancy in developing countries increases. Although no longer considered a post mitotic organ, the adult heart demonstrates only a very limited capacity for regeneration. Consequently ischaemic injury results in massive loss of contractile cardiomyocytes with damaged myocardium replaced by a non-contractile and poorly conductive collagen scar. This in turn often leads to the development of heart failure. Enhancing or supplementing the myocardial regenerative capacity of the heart is thus a key goal in the development of effective therapies for the treatment of cardiac infarction. Several stem cell populations of non-cardiac origin have been investigated for their capacity to contribute to myocardial repair when therapeutically transplanted into injured hearts. Recent efforts have focused on the “next generation” of donor cells, endogenous cardiac progenitor cells, as these are thought to be better adapted to survival in the cardiac environment and to possess enhanced cardiomyocyte differentiation potential. Pericytes, proposed as the source of the elusive mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) within multiple tissues, are a potential new cell type for use in regenerative medicine. This study tests the hypothesis that pericytes and another perivascular progenitor population, the adventitial cell, from foetal cardiac tissue will positively contribute to the repair of the myocardium post injury. Staining of human foetal ventricular myocardium confirmed the presence of large numbers of both cell types with pericytes tightly associated with capillaries and adventitial cells primarily located in the outer, adventitial layer of muscular arteries. CD146+ CD34- pericytes and CD146- CD34+ adventitial cells were isolated by FACS and expanded in culture. On examination of gene and protein expression both populations stably expressed a similar panel of pericyte markers, MSC markers and cardiac transcription factors as well as c-kit, a cardiac progenitor cell candidate marker. Co-culture with neo-natal rat cardiomyocytes induced expression of an additional cardiac progenitor marker Isl-1 and a mature cardiomyocyte marker ANP in adventitial cells but not pericytes. Labelled, co-cultured, perivascular progenitors readily adhered to rat cells but did not appear to contract independently. De-methylation of perivascular progenitors prior to co-culture resulted in expression of sarcomeric proteins and spontaneous cytoplasmic calcium fluctuations in both populations but more commonly in pericytes. This suggests that cardiac perivascular cells contain a minor sub-population capable of cardiomyocyte differentiation. When these populations were injected into the infarcted hearts of NOD/SCID mice, the animals treated with adventitial cells had significantly reduced cardiac function at 21 days post-surgery on ultrasound examination. An increased scar area and a non-significant trend towards increased scar length and a decreased wall thickness were also observed. Transplanted cells of both groups were detected in low numbers 21 days after injection. Adventitial cells were retained much more readily and in both populations retained cells exhibited three key morphologies: fibroblast type; macrophage type; and cardiomyocyte type. The majority of cells adopted a fibroblast type morphology, lesser numbers a macrophage like morphology and only rare cells a cardiomyocyte like morphology. Both fibroblast and cardiomyocyte type cells had single, human nuclear antigen positive nuclei suggesting true differentiation rather than cell fusion and pericytes exhibited an enhanced ability to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. This supports the in-vitro findings of a minor pro-cardiomyogenic subset within the perivascular cell population. As a result of these findings the starting hypothesis was modified to propose that perivascular cells play a significant role in cardiac fibrosis, largely mediated through expression of surface integrin receptors. This was tested using mice expressing fluorescent proteins under the control of the PDGFR-β promoter and mice in which the αv integrin subunit, common to 5 integrin receptors, had been deleted on the surface of PDGFR-β+ cells. Immunostaining and flow cytometry revealed the PDGFR-β expression to be tightly restricted to perivascular cells and co-expressed with the fibroblast markers, vimentin, PDGFR-α, CD90.2 and CD34 in a subset of cells. Cardiac fibroblasts isolated from reporter mouse hearts revealed strong expression of PDGFR-α and CD34 but PDGFR-β expression in only approximately 20% of the population on flow cytometry. Following angiotensin II induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis approximately 50% of fibroblasts expanding the interstitium were PDGFR-β+. Genetic deletion of the αv integrin subunit on PDGFR-β+ cells resulted in a reduction in cardiac interstitial collagen content of about 50% compared to wild type controls. These findings suggest that the cardiac perivascular PDGFR-β+ population is heterogeneous with a sub-population likely to be fibroblasts or fibroblast progenitors and that the development of cardiac interstitial fibrosis is in part modulated by integrin receptor expression on these cells. In summary this study provides evidence of the existence of a pro-fibrotic progenitor population, which co-express pericyte and MSC markers, within the cardiac perivascular niche. These cells contribute to cardiac fibrosis both on transplantation and endogenously following cardiac injury with the latter mediated via αv integrin expression. Within the perivascular progenitor population however there also appears to be a minor subset of pro-cardiomyogenic cells which are able to adopt a cardiomyocyte phenotype both in-vitro and in-vivo.
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Gràcia, Sánchez Laura Maria. "Tomografía por emisión de positrones con 18F-FDG en patología cardíaca y vascular." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/399846.

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En la última década la técnica PET-CT con 18F-FDG, ha demostrado ser de gran utilidad en el diagnóstico, extensión y control de diversas patologías inflamatorias e infecciosas. El territorio miocárdico, no obstante, sigue presentando un reto a la hora de valorar dichas patologías, dada su variabilidad a la hora de presentar o no, captación fisiológica de 18F-FDG. Las metodologías prínceps para intentar frenar el metabolismo cardiaco fisiológico, son el ayuno prolongado, la dieta pobre en hidratos de carbono y rica en ácidos grasos, y la administración endovenosa de heparina minutos antes de la inyección de 18F-FDG, siempre y cuando no existan contraindicaciones. Existen muchos pacientes que por sus antecedentes patológicos y por sus características individuales o sociales no pueden realizar ayunos prolongados o cumplir estrictamente dietas preestablecidas previas a la exploración tomográfica. Como último recurso muchos de estos pacientes únicamente disponen de la metodología heparinizante para intentar optimizar la captación miocárdica y a pesar de este hecho, la heparina endovenosa no acaba siendo efectiva en todos los pacientes. La línea de investigación desarrollada en esta tesis doctoral responde a la necesidad de poder prever la efectividad del fármaco heparinizante, y poder determinar a priori, en que sujetos, dicho tratamiento podría ser óptimo dados sus antecedentes patológicos, uso de fármacos o características personales. Por consiguiente, se podría evitar la administración de un fármaco en aquellos sujetos que previsiblemente no va a ser efectivo, o indicarla claramente al grupo efectivo. Se evaluaron 479 sujetos, (230 mujeres) con una media de edad de 65 años (22-86) con indicación de realizarse un PET-CT secundario a su enfermedad de base (proceso oncológico o sospecha de proceso infeccioso o inflamatorio en territorio cardiaco o vascular). Se estudiaron 5 grupos de sujetos: sujetos con diabetes mellitus, sujetos con dislipemia en tratamiento crónico hipolipemiante, sujetos con dislipemia sin tratamiento crónico para dicha patología y sujetos con síndrome metabólico (coexistencia de diabetes y dislipemia) y sujetos normales (presentan ausencia de las enfermedades anteriormente citadas). Se compararon dos protocolos: uno caracterizado por un ayuno mínimo de 6 horas y un protocolo heparinizante, caracterizado por un ayuno mínimo de 6 horas más la administración de heparina endovenosa minutos antes de la inyección de 18F-FDG, en relación al peso de cada sujeto. Los resultados obtenidos objetivaron que el protocolo heparinizante obtiene mayor frenación del metabolismo glicídico miocárdico con resultados estadísticamente significativos en toda la población a estudio, y en la subpoblación de dislipémicos sin tratamiento hipolipemiante. También se observó un mayor número de sujetos con mayor frenación miocárdica aunque con un resultado estadísticamente no significativo, en la subpoblación normal y en la subpoblación con síndrome metabólico. Por lo tanto, en estos grupos de estudio, citados anteriormente serían tributarios de realizar un protocolo heparinizante para intentar optimizar de manera generalizada la frenación el metabolismo glicídico miocárdico. Por el contrario, se observó que el protocolo heparinizante no es de utilidad con unos resultados casi significativos, en la subpoblación diabética, y en la subpoblación con dislipemia con tratamiento farmacológico hipolipemiante crónico. En estas dos subpoblaciones, sería más efectivo realizar un protocolo únicamente caracterizado por ayuno, mínimo de 6 horas. Tras los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo se ha confirmado la aplicabilidad de la técnica heparinizante en nuestra comunidad y válida dicha metodología para implementarse en la rutina asistencial, únicamente en aquellos sujetos que realmente requieran de la misma, de manera individualizada en relación a unos antecedentes clínicos determinados.
18F-FDG PET/CT is a valuable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of inflammatory and infection diseases. Appropriate patient preparation is important because the diagnostic accuracy of this procedure depends on an adequate suppression of physiologic glucose uptake in the myocardium. There are different methods to reduce myocardial 18F-FDG uptake, such as long fasting period, high fat and low-carbohydrate diet and the administration of heparin some minutes before the 18F-FDG dose injection only if there is no counter-indication Due to their pathological background or their individual characteristics, many patients are unable to do fast for many hours or to follow high fat and low-carbohydrate diet before the scan. The administration of heparin some minutes before the 18F-FDG dose injection is the only method to try to do an adequate suppression of physiologic glucose uptake in the myocardium. However, not always the heparin’s method works properly doing a suppression of physiologic glucose uptake in the myocardium. The aim of this project is to try to know when the heparin is going to be effective, depending on the pathological background of patients, chronic treatment and individual characteristics. Therefore, if it is known in which subjects is not going to be effective we could avoid treating them. 479 subjects were evaluated (230 women), mean age 65 years old (22-86) with indication of 18F-FDG PET/CT due to an oncological illness, or infection or inflammatory suspect of a cardiac or vascular process. Five groups of subjects were studied: Subjects with diabetes mellitus, subjects with dyslipidemia under chronic lipid lowering therapy, subjects with dyslipidemia but without chronic treatment for dyslipidemia, subjects with metabolic syndrome (diabetes and dyslipidemia coexistence) and the last group of normal subjects, without diabetes nor dyslipidemia. We compare two methods. One is based on at least 6 hours of fasting and the second one is based on at least 6 hours of fasting plus the administration of heparin some minutes before the 18F-FDG dose injection. We compare the suppression of physiologic glucose uptake in the myocardium in the different groups of study with both methodologies. The heparin method obtains more suppression of physiologic glucose uptake in the myocardium, with statistically significant results in all the global population and in the group with dyslipidemia but without chronic treatment for dyslipidemia. The heparin method obtains a bigger number of subjects but with no statistically significant results in the normal group and in the metabolic syndrome group. In these groups we should perform regularly the heparin methodology searching for an adequate suppression of physiologic glucose uptake in the myocardium. In contrast to those results, we observe that the heparin method is not useful with almost statistically significant results in the diabetes mellitus group, and in the group with dyslipidemia under chronic lipid lowering therapy. In these groups we should only perform long fasting period methodology. After the results obtained in this project we have confirmed the utility of heparin administration in our community, and the best way to use it with the appropriate subjects, depending on their pathological background, chronic treatment and individual characteristics.
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Burford, Evans J. "Myocyte Derived Cardiac Spheroids for Post Infarct Cardiac Regeneration." Digital WPI, 2014. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/145.

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Research has shown that autologous progenitor-like cardiac spheroids, when delivered to an infarcted heart, are able to restore mechanical function. These spheroids are made by isolating and expanding autologous cardiac progenitor cells. Though these results are promising, the process for creating cardiac spheroids is inefficient and time consuming, requiring a large amount of cardiac tissue. For every 10,000 cardiac myocytes in the heart there is only one cardiac progenitor cell; requiring a large amount of initial tissue. This clinical limitation could be overcome if cardiac myocytes, which are more abundant than cardiac progenitor cells, could be used to make cardiac spheroids. Research has shown that mesenchymal stem cells when co-cultured with adult cardiac myocytes cause the cardiac myocytes to behave like a progenitor cell. We found that, when co-cultured with mesenchymal stem cells, cardiac mycoytes could be made to form cardiac spheroid bodies. This was done by isolating adult myocytes from rat hearts and co-culturing them with human mesenchymal stem cells. After two weeks, cultures were observed to form spheroid bodies and the number of spheroids formed were compared to a pure myocyte control. Cardiac specific staining confirmed that the spheroids were made from the myocytes. It was also found that the mesenchymal stem cells, when co-cultured in the same well with the myocytes, form significantly more spheroids than myocytes treated with stem cell conditioned media. Further, no other cell type present in the co-cultures are able to create spheroid bodies when co-cultured with mycoytes or stem cells. The ability to create cardiac spheroid like bodies from adult myocytes offers a way to overcome the limitations of the time needed and the large quantity of autologous cardiac tissue required to currently make these types of bodies.
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Veiga, Viviane Cordeiro 1976. "Avaliação ecocardiografica da terapia de ressincronização cardiaca : dois anos de seguimento." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311904.

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Orientador: Salomon Soriano Ordinola Rojas
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T15:05:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Veiga_VivianeCordeiro_M.pdf: 4383215 bytes, checksum: 4ac235c87c9173ad91395fd7c6466208 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008
Resumo: Introdução A terapia de ressincronização cardíaca é uma opção efetiva nos pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca avançada. No entanto, 20 a 30% dos pacientes não apresentam benefícios à esta terapêutica. Critérios clínicos, eletrocardiográficos e ecocardiográficos têm sido estudados na tentativa de selecionar os pacientes que serão beneficiados com a ressincronização cardíaca, sendo o ecocardiograma um método utilizado tanto na seleção, quanto na avaliação e otimização desta terapêutica. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a utilização do ecocardiograma na avaliação da terapia de ressincronização cardíaca em pacientes portadores de insuficiência cardíaca refratária, no seguimento a curto prazo (dez dias) e após dois anos de evolução. Casuística e Método: Foram avaliados 20 pacientes com indicação de implante de marcapasso biventricular para terapia de ressincronização cardíaca no período de dois anos, sendo 16 (80%) do sexo masculino, com idade variando de 27 a 80 anos (59,70 ± 12,59 anos). A etiologia da cardiomiopatia era isquêmica em 10 pacientes (50%), chagásica em seis (30%) e idiopática em 4 (20%). Quinze pacientes encontravam-se em classe funcional III (New York Heart Association) e cinco em classe funcional IV no momento do implante do marcapasso. Foi aplicado o Questionário de Qualidade de Vida de Minnesota e realizado o teste de caminhada de seis minutos para avaliação das condições clínicas dos pacientes. Realizado ecodopplercardiograma bidimensional para avaliação da função ventricular, diâmetros cavitários, índice de performance miocárdica, estudo da dissincronia interventricular (avaliação do atraso eletromecânico entre os ventrículos esquerdo e direito) e intraventricular (análise pelo modo unidimensional e Doppler tecidual), da função diastólica e do grau da regurgitação mitral. Dez dias após o implante do marcapasso biventricular, foi repetida toda a avaliação inicial e, novamente, após dois anos. Resultados: Em dois anos, cinco pacientes (25%) foram à óbito, sendo que destes, quatro apresentavam etiologia chagásica. A duração média do complexo QRS era de 154,5±18,48 x 129,0±22,91 x 134,0±24,14 ms, respectivamente nos períodos pré-operatório, dez dias e dois anos de pós-operatório. Não houve alteração estatisticamente significante da fração de ejeção entre os períodos pré-operatório e dez dias, mas houve alteração significante entre os períodos pré-operatório e dois anos e dez dias e dois anos. No seguimento de dez dias, houve piora da dissincronia intraventricular avaliada pelo Doppler tecidual, assim como a pontuação no escore de qualidade de vida foi maior, no grupo óbito. Conclusão: A ecocardiografia é uma tecnologia em evolução e dos parâmetros avaliados, somente a avaliação da dissincronia intraventricular pelo Doppler tecidual após o procedimento, foi capaz de predizer a eficácia da terapia de ressincronização cardíaca, em relação à mortalidade. Não houve correlação entre os parâmetros ecocardiográficos e a melhora clínica de alguns pacientes.
Abstract: Introduction In the cardiac resynchronization therapy is an effective option for patients with advanced heart failure. However, 20 to 30% of patients did not show benefits to this therapy. Clinical criteria, electrocardiography and the echocardiography have been studied in an attempt to select the patients who will benefit from the cardiac resynchronization, and the echocardiogram is a method used in both the selection, as in the evaluation and optimization of this therapy. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the use of echocardiography in the evaluation of patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy for a period of two years. Patients and Methods: We evaluated 20 patients with the implantation of biventricular pacemaker for cardiac resynchronization therapy for over two years, and 16 (80%) males, ranging in age from 27 to 80 years (59.70±12.59 years). The etiology of cardiomyopathy was ischemic in 10 patients (50%), Chagas disease in six (30%) and idiophatic in 4 (20%). Fifteen patients were in functional class III (New York Heart Association) and five in functional class IV at the time of implantation of the pacemaker. We applied the Quality of Life Questionnaire of Minnesota and conducted the test of a six-minute walk to evaluate the clinical conditions of patients. Directed two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography for evaluation of ventricular function, cavity diameters, myocardial performance index, study of interventricular dyssynchrony (eletromechanical delay left ventricle - the right ventricle) and intraventricular (by way dimensional analysis and tissue Doppler), the diastolic function and degree of mitral regurgitation. Ten days after implantation of biventricular pacemaker, was repeated throughout the initial assessment and again after two years. Results: In two years, five patients (25%) were to death, and that these, four had Chagas disease. The average duration of the QRS complex was 154.5±18.48 x 129.0±22.91 x 134.0±24.14 ms, respectively in preoperative, ten days and two years after surgery. There was no statistically significant change in the ejection fraction between preoperative and ten days but there was significant change between periods preoperative and 2 years and 10 days and 2 years. Following ten days, the evaluation of intraventricular dyssynchrony by tissue Doppler and quality of life scores were significantly higher in the group died. Conclusion: The echocardiography is an evolving technology and the parameters evaluated, only the assessment of intraventricular dyssynchrony by Doppler tissue after the procedure was able to predict the effectiveness of the cardiac resynchronization therapy, in relation to mortality. There was no correlation between echocardiographic parameters and clinical improvement in some patients.
Mestrado
Mestre em Cirurgia
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Dawson, Jennifer Elizabeth. "Cardiac Tissue Engineering." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20071.

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The limited treatment options available for heart disease patients has lead to increased interest in the development of embryonic stem cell (ESC) therapies to replace heart muscle. The challenges of developing usable ESC therapeutic strategies are associated with the limited ability to obtain a pure, defined population of differentiated cardiomyocytes, and the design of in vivo cell delivery platforms to minimize cardiomyocyte loss. These challenges were addressed in Chapter 2 by designing a cardiomyocyte selectable progenitor cell line that permitted evaluation of a collagen-based scaffold for its ability to sustain stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte function (“A P19 Cardiac Cell Line as a Model for Evaluating Cardiac Tissue Engineering Biomaterials”). P19 cells enriched for cardiomyocytes were viable on a transglutaminase cross-linked collagen scaffold, and maintained their cardiomyocyte contractile phenotype in vitro while growing on the scaffold. The potential for a novel cell-surface marker to purify cardiomyocytes within ESC cultures was evaluated in Chapter 3, “Dihydropyridine Receptor (DHP-R) Surface Marker Enrichment of ES-derived Cardiomyocytes”. DHP-R is demonstrated to be upregulated at the protein and RNA transcript level during cardiomyogenesis. DHP-R positive mouse ES cells were fluorescent activated cell sorted, and the DHP-R positive cultured cells were enriched for cardiomyocytes compared to the DHP-R negative population. Finally, in Chapter 4, mouse ESCs were characterized while growing on a clinically approved collagen I/III-based scaffold modified with the RGD integrin-binding motif, (“Collagen (+RGD and –RGD) scaffolds support cardiomyogenesis after aggregation of mouse embryonic stem cells”). The collagen I/III RGD+ and RGD- scaffolds sustained ESC-derived cardiomyocyte growth and function. Notably, no significant differences in cell survival, cardiac phenotype, and cardiomyocyte function were detected with the addition of the RGD domain to the collagen scaffold. Thus, in summary, these three studies have resulted in the identification of a potential cell surface marker for ESC-derived cardiomyocyte purification, and prove that collagen-based scaffolds can sustain ES-cardiomyocyte growth and function. This has set the framework for further studies that will move the field closer to obtaining a safe and effective delivery strategy for transplanting ESCs onto human hearts.
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Peace, Richard Aidan. "Quantitative cardiac SPECT." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU602292.

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Myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging is a sensitive and specific indicator of coronary artery disease (Fleischman et al. 1998). The clinical value of coronary scintigraphy is now established with a utilisation rate of eight procedures per 1000 population per year in the USA and two per 1000 in the EU (Pennell et al. 1998). While myocardial perfusion SPECT images are routinely interpreted by expert observers the classification is inevitably subject to inter-observer and intra-observer variability. An optimised and validated quantitative index of the presence or absence of coronary artery disease (CAD) could improve reproducibility, accuracy and diagnostic confidence. There are segmental techniques to automatically detect CAD from myocardial perfusion SPECT studies such as the CEqual quantitative analysis software (Van Train et al. 1994). However, they have not been shown to be significantly better than expert observers (Berman et al. 1998). The overall aim of this thesis was to develop, optimise and evaluate quantitative techniques for the detection of CAD in myocardial perfusion SPECT studies. This task was divided into three areas; quantification of transient ischaemic dilation (TID); quantitative detection and localisation of CAD; count normalisation of patient studies. Transient ischaemic dilation (TED) is the transient dilation of the left ventricle on immediate post stress images compared to resting technetium-99m imaging. Stolzenberg (1980) first noted TID as a specific marker for severe CAD. There are few published studies of fully quantitative evaluations of TID. The first aim of this thesis was to compare the performance of methods for quantifying TDD in myocardial perfusion SPECT. The second aim of this thesis was to investigate the use of image registration in myocardial perfusion SPECT for quantitative detection and localisation of CAD. This thesis describes two studies comparing six count normalisation techniques. These techniques were; normalise to the maximum value; to the mean voxel value; to the mean of the top 10% or 20% of counts; minimise the sum of squares between studies or the sum of absolute differences. Ten normal myocardial perfusion SPECT studies each with 300 different simulated perfusion defects were count normalised to the original studies. The fractional count normalisation error was consistently lower when the sum of absolute differences was minimised. However, a more clinically applicable measure of count normalisation performance is the effect on quantitative CAD detection. The Z-score method of automatic detection of CAD was repeated using each count normalisation technique. There was no statistically significant difference between the methods although the power of the ROC analysis was poor due to low patient numbers. The balance of evidence suggested that count normalisation by minimisation of the of absolute differences produced the best performance.
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Semenas, Egidijus. "Sex Differences in Cardiac and Cerebral Damage after Hypovolemic Cardiac Arrest." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Anestesiologi och intensivvård, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-146314.

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Resuscitation from haemorrhagic shock and the subsequent circulatory arrest remains a major clinical challenge in the care of trauma patients. Numerous experimental studies in sexually mature animals have shown a gender dimorphism in response to trauma and haemorrhagic shock. The first study was designed to evaluate sex differences in outcome after resuscitation from hypovolemic circulatory arrest. We intended to examine innate sex differences, and chose to study sexually immature animals. The study showed that cerebral cortical blood flow was greater, blood-brain-barrier was better preserved and neuronal injury was smaller in female as compared to male piglets. The second study demonstrated that female sex was associated with enhanced haemodynamic response, cardioprotection, and better survival. This cardioprotective effect was observed despite comparable estradiol and testosterone levels in male and female animals, indicating an innate gender-related cardioprotection. In both studies (I and II) female sex was associated with a smaller increase in the cerebral expression of inducible and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (iNOS and nNOS). Thus in the study III we tested the hypothesis that exogenously administered 17β-estradiol (E2) could improve neurological outcome by NOS modulation. The results showed that compared with the control group, animals in the E2 group exhibited a significantly smaller increase in nNOS and iNOS expression, a smaller blood-brain-barrier disruption and a mitigated neuronal injury. There was also a significant correlation between nNOS and iNOS levels and neuronal injury. A hypothesis if female-specific cardioprotection may be attributed to a smaller NOS activity was tested in study IV. The animals received methylene blue (MB) during CPR, but were otherwise treated according to the same protocol as studies I-II. The female-specific cardioprotection could be attributed to a smaller NOS activity, but NOS inhibition with MB did not improve survival or myocardial injury, although it abated the difference between the sexes.
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Ede, Mauricio. "An alternative agent to induce cardiac arrest for normothermic cardiac surgery." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0022/NQ32879.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Cardiac":

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E, Josephson Mark, ed. Sudden cardiac death. Boston: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1994.

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Solti, Ferenc. Cardiac lymph circulation and cardiac disorders. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1989.

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Hurst, J. Willis. Cardiac puzzles. London: Mosby-Wolfe, 1995.

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Hurst, J. Willis. Cardiac puzzles. St. Louis, MO: Mosby-Wolfe, 1998.

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name, No. Cardiac markers. 2nd ed. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, Inc., 2003.

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Elder, Vicci. Cardiac kids. Dayton, Ohio: Dayton Area Heart and Cancer Assoc., 1994.

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Eisenhans, Virginia D. Cardiac problems. Springhouse, Pa: Springhouse Corp., 1987.

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Miller, Stephen W. Cardiac radiology. St. Louis: Mosby, 1996.

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Bowdle, T. Andrew. Cardiac output. Redmond, Wash: SpaceLabs Inc., 1991.

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Motzer, Sandra Adams. Cardiac nursing. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cardiac":

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Gallacher, David J., Gary Gintant, Najah Abi-Gerges, Mark R. Davies, Hua Rong Lu, Kimberly M. Hoagland, Georg Rast, Brian D. Guth, Hugo M. Vargas, and Robert L. Hamlin. "Cardiac." In Drug Discovery Toxicology, 130–59. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119053248.ch9.

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Han, Dan, Bo He, and Li Wu. "Cardiac." In Dual Source CT Imaging, 47–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15134-7_3.

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Ming, Liu, Feng Yun, Xue Jianping, and Li Yuhua. "Cardiac." In Dual Source CT Imaging, 55–61. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15134-7_4.

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Lan, Song, Wang Yining, Zhang Zhuhua, Kong Lingyan, and Jin Zhengyu. "Cardiac." In Dual Source CT Imaging, 63–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15134-7_5.

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Kang, Joon-Won, Joon Beom Seo, Kyung-Hyun Do, and Tae-Hwan Lim. "Cardiac." In Dual Source CT Imaging, 71–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15134-7_6.

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Cheah, Foong Koon, and John Huang. "Cardiac." In Dual Source CT Imaging, 79–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15134-7_7.

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Lan, Song, Wang Yining, Zhang Zhuhua, Kong Lingyan, and Jin Zhengyu. "Cardiac." In Dual Source CT Imaging, 87–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15134-7_8.

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Jin, Gongyong, Youngkon Kim, and Hyosung Kwak. "Cardiac." In Dual Source CT Imaging, 95–101. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15134-7_9.

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Imam, Ibrahim. "Cardiac." In 700 Essential Neurology Checklists, 390–91. New York: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003221258-122.

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Forman, Daniel E. "Cardiac Rehabilitation for Elderly Cardiac Patients." In Cardiac Rehabilitation, 243–51. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-452-0_21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cardiac":

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"Clinical: Cardiac." In Proceedings of UK Radiological Conference 2012. The British Institute of Radiology, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/conf-pukrc.2012.2.cardiac.

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"Clinical: Cardiac." In Proceedings of UK Radiological Conference 2013. The British Institute of Radiology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/conf-pukrc.2013.cardiac.

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Abilez, O. J. "Cardiac optogenetics." In 2012 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346197.

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Lin, Feng, Chen Song, Yan Zhuang, Wenyao Xu, Changzhi Li, and Kui Ren. "Cardiac Scan." In MobiCom '17: The 23rd Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3117811.3117839.

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Vejseli, Veton, and Eun Jung Lee. "Cardiac Fibroblast-Formed Anisotropic Decellularized Engineered Cardiac Tissues." In 2013 39th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference (NEBEC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nebec.2013.4.

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Connolly, M., A. Fallon, D. Waterhouse, and R. O’Hanlon. "45 Progression of cardiac amyloid fibril infiltration in cardiac amyloidosis using cardiac magnetic resonance." In Irish Cardiac Society Annual Scientific Meeting & AGM, Thursday October 4th – Saturday October 6th 2018, Galway Bay Hotel, Galway, Ireland. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2018-ics.45.

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Welk, E., M. Heep, P. Grieshaber, B. Niemann, K. D. Schlüter, and A. Boening. "Levosimendan during Cardiac Surgery Deteriorates Cardiac Function in Rats." In 48th Annual Meeting German Society for Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1678927.

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Shafuddin, Eskandarain, Catherina Chang, and Robert Hancox. "Cardiac function during COPD exacerbations assessed by cardiac MRI." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.oa1919.

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Park, Heejong, Avinash Malik, Muhammad Nadeem, and Zoran Salcic. "The Cardiac Pacemaker." In the 12th International Workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2661020.2661030.

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TSALIKAKIS, D. G., G. P. KREMMYDAS, and D. I. FOTIADIS. "MULTIDIMENSIONAL CARDIAC MODELS." In Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812773197_0041.

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Reports on the topic "Cardiac":

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Finsterer, Josef. Cardiac and extra-cardiac abnormalities associated with noncompaction. Science Repository OÜ, February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.rgm.2019.01.002.

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Vernalis, Marina N., and Audra H. Nixon. Integrative Cardiac Health Project. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada612248.

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Nickoloff, Edward L., Keith J. Strauss, Bruce T. Austin, Stephen Balter, Geoffrey D. Clarke, Pei-Jan Paul Lin, Marlene H. P. McKetty, et al. Cardiac Catheterization Equipment Performance. AAPM, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.37206/69.

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Brock, William J., Edgar C. Kimmel, and Warren W. Jederberg. Commentary and Scientific Review of Studies on Cardiac Function and Cardiac Sensitization Models. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada414064.

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Gauthier, Gail D. Strategic Planning for Cardiac Services. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada493528.

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Zoltani, C. K., G. E. Platoff, and S. I. Baskin. Simulation Studies of Cyanide-Caused Cardiac Toxicity. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada432856.

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Ellsworth, Darrell L. Integrative Cardiac Health Project, Windber Research Institute. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada581897.

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Klipp, Robert. Catecholamine Interactions with the Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1438.

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Ye, Yanping. Designing New Drugs to Treat Cardiac Arrhythmia. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.638.

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Evenson, Kelly R., Ty A. Ridenour, Jacqueline Bagwell, and Robert D. Furberg. Sustaining Physical Activity Following Cardiac Rehabilitation Discharge. RTI Press, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rr.0043.2102.

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Because many patients reduce exercise following outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR), we developed an intervention to assist with the transition and evaluated its feasibility and preliminary efficacy using a one-group pretest–posttest design. Five CR patients were enrolled ~1 month prior to CR discharge and provided an activity tracker. Each week during CR they received a summary of their physical activity and steps. Following CR discharge, participants received an individualized report that included their physical activity and step history, information on specific features of the activity tracker, and encouraging messages from former CR patients for each of the next 6 weeks. Mixed model trajectory analyses were used to test the intervention effect separately for active minutes and steps modeling three study phases: pre-intervention (day activity tracking began to CR discharge), intervention (day following CR discharge to day when final report sent), and maintenance (day following the final report to ~1 month later). Activity tracking was successfully deployed and, with weekly reports following CR, may offset the usual decline in physical activity. When weekly reports ceased, a decline in steps/day occurred. A scaled-up intervention with a more rigorous study design with sufficient sample size can evaluate this approach further.

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