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Journal articles on the topic 'Carcharhinus plumbeus'

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Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Chiaramonte, Gustavo E. "The shark genus Carcharhinus Blainville, 1816 (Chondrichthyes : Carcharhinidae) in Argentine waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 49, no. 7 (1998): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf97249.

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The purpose of this contribution is to review the species of the shark genus Carcharhinus found along the coast of Argentina. New southern limits for the distribution of the genus are given for the western South Atlantic. The presence of Carcharhinus leucas (Valenciennes, 1839) is recorded for the first time on the Province of Buenos Aires coast. New evidence is given which confirms the presence of Carcharhinus brachyurus(GÜnther, 1870) in the area. Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827) is known from only a single Argentine record. Carcharhinus longimanus (Poey, 1861) has been recorded from oceanic waters offshore of Argentina, but has not been taken from continental shelf waters. Resumen. En éste trabajo se revisan las especies de tiburones del género Carcharhinus encontradas en la costa de la Argentina. Nuevos límites septentrionales para la distribución de las especies del género en el Atlántico Sudoccidental son presentados. Se refiere por primera vez la presencia de Carcharhinus leucas (Valenciennes, 1839) para la costa de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Se presenta nueva evidencia que confirma la presencia de Carcharhinus brachyurus (GÜnther, 1870) en el área. Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827) ha sido citado una sóla vez para Argentina. Carcharhinus longimanus (Poey, 1861) ha sido registrado en aguas oceánicas frente a la plataforma de Argentina, pero no en aguas sobre la plataforma continental.

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2

Medved, R. J. "Gastric evacuation in the sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus." Journal of Fish Biology 26, no. 3 (March 1985): 239–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1985.tb04263.x.

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3

Consoli, P., T. Romeo, G. Florio, F. Perdichizzi, S. Greco, M. Vacchi, and P. Rinelli. "First record of Carcharhinus plumbeus (Pisces: Carcharhinidae) from the southern Tyrrhenian Sea." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 84, no. 5 (October 2004): 1085–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315404010471h.

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One juvenile specimen of the sandbar shark Carcharhinus plumbeus was recorded for the first time from the southern Tyrrhenian Sea. The specimen has been collected in an area of the Sicilian coast where trawling is banned except for scientific purposes. Morphometrics and meristics data are given.

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4

McAuley, R. B., C. A. Simpfendorfer, and I. W. Wright. "Gillnet mesh selectivity of the sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus): implications for fisheries management." ICES Journal of Marine Science 64, no. 9 (September 18, 2007): 1702–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsm136.

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Abstract McAuley, R. B., Simpfendorfer, C. A., and Wright, I. W. 2007. Gillnet mesh selectivity of the sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus): implications for fisheries management. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64. Gillnet mesh selectivity parameters for the sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus) were estimated from catches taken by an experimental net of six panels of mesh, varying in size from 10.2 to 25.4 cm. The length selectivity of each mesh size was described by five different models. According to model deviance values, the four models based on the SELECT method of estimation provided better fits to the data than the gamma model previously applied to sharks. Lengths at maximum selectivity were estimated to be between 5.3 and 7.0×stretched mesh size. The breadth of the selectivity curves was greater than have been reported for most species of shark. Lognormal and normal curve forms yielded the lowest model deviance and were judged to provide the best fits to the data. Peak selectivity of the commercially utilized mesh sizes was generally estimated to be greater than the observed modal length class of the commercial C. plumbeus catch. This suggests that a relatively high abundance of smaller sharks in the study area offsets gear selectivity effects in determining the size composition of commercial catches. These results have important implications for the recovery of this overexploited stock and also for managing international gillnet fisheries for the species.

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5

Cox, Georgina K., Richard W. Brill, Kaitlin A. Bonaro, and Anthony P. Farrell. "Determinants of coronary blood flow in sandbar sharks, Carcharhinus plumbeus." Journal of Comparative Physiology B 187, no. 2 (September 27, 2016): 315–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00360-016-1033-x.

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6

Braccini, Matias, Brett Molony, and Nick Blay. "Patterns in abundance and size of sharks in northwestern Australia: cause for optimism." ICES Journal of Marine Science 77, no. 1 (October 10, 2019): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz187.

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Abstract Reliable information for population assessments is rare for sharks. We quantified patterns in catch rates and mean size for numerous tropical and subtropical species from 15 years of fishery-independent surveys (2002–2017) in northwestern Australia. This study region represents an area of ~0.8 million km2 which was closed to commercial shark fishing from 1993 or 2005 onward due to the very high State-wide catches of sandbar (Carcharhinus plumbeus) and dusky (Carcharhinus obscurus) sharks. A total of 43 shark and ray species were sampled, with sandbar shark being the most commonly caught species, followed by milk (Rhizoprionodon acutus), spot-tail (Carcharhinus sorrah), tiger (Galeocerdo cuvier), blacktip (Carcharhinus limbatus and Carcharhinus tilstoni), dusky and sliteye (Loxodon macrorhinus) sharks, and scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini). For sandbar shark, catch rates increased between 2008 and 2017 whereas for other taxa catch rates were mostly stable (albeit fluctuating). Mean size at capture fluctuated across years with no particular trends. Unlike for other parts of the world, catch rates and mean size of northwestern Australian sharks have been stable or increased in recent years. Though most shark species have conservative life histories, when science, management and enforcement work synergistically, sustainable resource use, recovery and conservation outcomes can all be achieved.

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7

Siegenthaler, A., P. R. W. Niemantsverdriet, M. Laterveer, and I. M. A. Heitkönig. "Aversive responses of captive sandbar sharks Carcharhinus plumbeus to strong magnetic fields." Journal of Fish Biology 89, no. 3 (June 20, 2016): 1603–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfb.13064.

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8

Joung, Shoou-Jeng, Yih-Yia Liao, and Che-Tsung Chen. "Age and growth of sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, in northeastern Taiwan waters." Fisheries Research 70, no. 1 (November 2004): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2004.06.018.

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9

Hohman, V. S., S. F. Schluter, and J. J. Marchalonis. "Diversity of Ig light chain clusters in the sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus)." Journal of Immunology 155, no. 8 (October 15, 1995): 3922–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.155.8.3922.

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Abstract The genes encoding Ig chains in elasmobranchs are arranged in clusters or cassettes, an organizational pattern dramatically different from the mammalian translocon gene arrangement. Cluster gene arrangements, which have now been found in non-elasmobranchs as well, pose interesting dilemmas for understanding the mechanisms of Ig gene expression and regulation in terms of allelic exclusion and clonal selection. We have sequenced five lambda genomic clones encoding complete sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus) lambda L chain gene loci. While the coding regions among all five clones are highly homologous, the noncoding regions have significant differences that allowed us to identify two types of lambda L chain clusters. The noncoding regions are < 60% identical between groups, while the three clones belonging to the first group share > 95% identity in their noncoding regions. The second group is more diverse and may be comprised of several related subgroups. The two clones in this group share approximately 85% identity in the noncoding regions. Variations in the promoter region, including octamer and TATA box orientation and position, are identified between the two groups and may have implications for the molecular regulation of Ab production. Our results show the sandbar shark lambda L chain family to be a complex and diverse system.

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10

Benz, George W. "Developmental stages of Alebion lobatus Cressey, 1970 (Copepoda: Euryphoridae) found parasitic on the sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827)) in the western North Atlantic, and a phylogenetic analysis of the genus Alebion Krøyer, 1863." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 6 (June 1, 1989): 1578–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-224.

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Three stages of copepodids, two preadults, and male and female adult Alebion lobatus collected from sandbar sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus) in the western North Atlantic are described. Copepodids were found on the external body surface of hosts in hollows which were apparently formed by the absence of one to several placoid scales. A frontal filament was not observed in any developmental stage and the second antennae appeared to be the primary prehensile appendages. Two equally most parsimonious cladograms are presented as hypotheses of phylogenetic relationship for the eight known species of Alebion.

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11

Bullard, Stephen A., Carlos F. Ruiz, Andrew McElwain, Michael J. Murray, Joanna D. Borucinska, and George W. Benz. "Huffmanela cf. Carcharhini (Nematoda: Trichosomoididae: Huffmanelinae) from Skin of a Sandbar Shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, in the Pacific Ocean." Journal of Parasitology 98, no. 2 (April 2012): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/ge-2962.1.

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12

Casey, John G., and Lisa J. Natanson. "Revised Estimates of Age and Growth of the Sandbar Shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus) from the Western North Atlantic." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49, no. 7 (July 1, 1992): 1474–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f92-162.

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Age and growth of the sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus) were determined from tag and recapture data covering a 26-yr period (1964–90). Results were compared with previously published age and growth estimates based primarily on rings in vertebrae. Recent long-term tag returns suggest that the sandbar shark grows much slower than previously proposed and may take nearly 30 yr to reach maturity. Revised von Bertalanffy parameters (sexes combined) are L∞ = 186, k = 0.046, and t0 = −6.45. The limitations of ageing elasmobranchs solely from rings in vertebrae and the need for validating rings in hardparts of fishes are discussed.

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13

ĆETKOVIĆ, ILIJA, PATRICK L. JAMBURA, ANA PEŠIĆ, ZDRAVKO IKICA, and ALEKSANDAR JOKSIMOVIĆ. "Observations of juvenile sandbar sharks Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827) around the Bojana River delta (Southern Adriatic Sea)." Mediterranean Marine Science 23, no. 4 (September 2, 2022): 748–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.30166.

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The sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus) is considered rare in the Adriatic Sea and the majority of records originate from the northern Adriatic, where a nursery area for this species close to the Po delta system has been repeatedly proposed. This study provides 5 new records and analyses the previously published records of sandbar sharks recorded around the delta of the River Bojana (in Montenegro, in the south-eastern Adriatic). The River Bojana located on the border between Montenegro and Albania, is the second largest river flowing into the Adriatic Sea, where it forms a highly productive ecosystem already known as a local hotspot for smooth-hound sharks (Mustelus spp.). New records of sandbar sharks have emerged as a result of citizen science (a social media survey) and direct reports from fishermen. The total length of C. plumbeus juveniles ranged from approximately 800 mm to 1100 mm, and most (n=5) were caught by set gillnets. The data presented here show that juveniles are consistently present around the estuary and indicate the importance of this fragile estuarine ecosystem for sandbar sharks. Additionally, this study also provides morphometric data collected from a single individual.

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14

Lécu, Alexis, Renaud Herbert, Ludwig Coulier, and Michael J. Murray. "Removal of an Intracoelomic Hook via Laparotomy in a Sandbar Shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus)." Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 42, no. 2 (June 2011): 256–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1638/2009-0067.1.

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15

Joung, Shoou-Jeng, and Che-Tsung Chen. "Reproduction in the Sandbar Shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, in the Waters off Northeastern Taiwan." Copeia 1995, no. 3 (August 18, 1995): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1446762.

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16

PORTNOY, DAVID S., JAN R. MCDOWELL, EDWARD J. HEIST, JOHN A. MUSICK, and JOHN E. GRAVES. "World phylogeography and male-mediated gene flow in the sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus." Molecular Ecology 19, no. 10 (April 16, 2010): 1994–2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04626.x.

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17

LITHERLAND, LENORE, SHAUN P. COLLIN, and KERSTIN A. FRITSCHES. "Eye growth in sharks: Ecological implications for changes in retinal topography and visual resolution." Visual Neuroscience 26, no. 4 (July 2009): 397–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523809990150.

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AbstractThe visual abilities of sharks show substantial interspecific variability. In addition, sharks may change their habitat and feeding strategy throughout life. As the eyes of sharks continue to grow throughout the animal’s lifetime, ontogenetic variability in visual ability may also occur. The topographic analysis of the photoreceptor and ganglion cell distributions can identify visual specializations and assess changes in visual abilities that may occur concurrently with eye growth. This study examines an ontogenetic series of whole-mounted retinas in two elasmobranch species, the sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, and the shortspine spurdog, Squalus mitsukurii, to identify regional specializations mediating zones for improved spatial resolution. The study examines retinal morphology and presents data on summation ratios between photoreceptor and ganglion cell layers, anatomically determined peak spatial resolving power, and the angular extent of the visual field. Peak densities of photoreceptors and ganglion cells occur in similar retinal locations. The topographic distribution of neurons in the ganglion cell layer does not differ substantially with eye growth. However, predicted peak spatial resolution increases with eye growth from 4.3 to 8.9 cycles/deg in C. plumbeus and from 5.7 to 7.2 cycles/deg in S. mitsukurii. The topographic distribution of different-sized ganglion cells is also mapped in C. plumbeus, and a population of large ganglion cells (soma area 120–350 μm2) form a narrow horizontal streak across the retinal meridian, while the spatial distribution of ordinary-sized ganglion cells (soma area 30–120 μm2) forms an area in the central retina. Species-specific retinal specializations highlight differences in visually mediated behaviors and foraging strategies between C. plumbeus and S. mitsukurii.

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18

SAIDI, BÉCHIR, SAMIRA ENAJJAR, SAMI KARAA, KHALED ECHWIKHI, IMED JRIBI, and MOHAMED NEJMEDDINE BRADAI. "Shark pelagic longline fishery in the Gulf of Gabes: Inter-decadal inspection reveals management needs." Mediterranean Marine Science 20, no. 3 (September 2, 2019): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.18862.

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This study explores the status of exploited shark populations in the Gulf of Gabes in relation to fishing pressure, based on data pertaining to shark longline fishery, collected during two periods. Catch data from 48 and 96 pelagic longline sets collected, respectively, during 2007/2008 and 2016/2017, were used to compare species composition and catch rates between periods. Four species were recorded during 2007/2008, while 11 additional species of pelagic and demersal elasmobranchs along with teleosts were fished during 2016/2017. Elasmobranch species dominated the catches with 94% and 99.3% in terms of specimens number, respectively, during 2016/2017 and 2007/2008. The sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, was the predominant species in catch (>84% of all fishes) during both periods. Two other species of sharks, Carcharhinus brevipinna and Isurus oxyrinchus, were relatively common, while the other species were a minor component. Despite the increase in terms of diversity pertaining to species captured during 2016/2017, the nominal catch rates of elasmobranch and C. plumbeus decreased by 39.17% and 42.21%, respectively, suggesting populations’ declines. In addition, size distribution analyses revealed that this fishery may opportunistically operate on breeding and nursery areas, which affect main species over most of their life stages. The mortality and hooking location proportions were species-specific, with some species having significant percentages of live specimens at the time of haulback, providing an opportunity to release the sensitive life stages. Given the described state of shark exploitations in the Gulf of Gabes, urgent and efficient fishery regulation measures and conservation strategies, together with further investigations, are required to allow changing the unregulated shark longline fishery to a sustainable one.

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Pank, Melissa, Michael Stanhope, Lisa Natanson, Nancy Kohler, and Mahmood Shivji. "Rapid and Simultaneous Identification of Body Parts from the Morphologically Similar Sharks Carcharhinus obscurus and Carcharhinus plumbeus (Carcharhinidae) Using Multiplex PCR." Marine Biotechnology 3, no. 3 (May 1, 2001): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101260000071.

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20

Sminkey, Thomas R., and John A. Musick. "Age and Growth of the Sandbar Shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, before and after Population Depletion." Copeia 1995, no. 4 (December 21, 1995): 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1447035.

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21

PORTNOY, D. S., J. R. MCDOWELL, K. THOMPSON, J. A. MUSICK, and J. E. GRAVES. "Isolation and characterization of five dinucleotide microsatellite loci in the sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus." Molecular Ecology Notes 6, no. 2 (June 2006): 431–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01261.x.

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22

Daly-Engel, Toby S., R. Dean Grubbs, Brian W. Bowen, and Robert J. Toonen. "Frequency of multiple paternity in an unexploited tropical population of sandbar sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64, no. 2 (February 1, 2007): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f07-005.

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Elasmobranch mating systems have received growing attention in the past few years because of worldwide overexploitation of shark populations. Few studies to date have examined mating systems in sharks because of difficulty in sampling. The sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus) is heavily harvested around the world and is the dominant species in the main commercial fishery for large coastal sharks in the United States. In contrast, Hawaii hosts one of the few unexploited populations of sandbar sharks and represents an opportunity to gather data on the reproductive biology of a vulnerable shark species without the confounding effects of fishing mortality. We examined the frequency of multiple paternity in Hawaiian sandbar sharks using 130 individuals (20 gravid females with three–eight pups each per litter) surveyed with six polymorphic microsatellite loci and determined that 8 of the 20 litters (40%) were multiple- sired. A Bayesian approach estimated the frequency of multiple mating in this population at 43.8%, with a 95% confidence interval of 23%–63%. We conclude that multiple paternity and genetic monogamy occur with roughly equal frequency in the Hawaiian sandbar shark population. This study may serve as groundwork for understanding the impact of commercial fishing pressure on elasmobranch mating systems.

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23

Bertone, S., C. Gili, A. Moizo, and L. Calegari. "Vibrio carchariae associated with a chronic skin ulcer on a shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo)." Journal of Fish Diseases 19, no. 6 (November 1996): 429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1996.d01-94.x.

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24

MacLean, RA, MH Fatzinger, KD Woolard, and CA Harms. "Clearance of a dermal Huffmanela sp. in a sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus) using levamisole." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 73 (November 21, 2006): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao073083.

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25

Casey, J. G., H. L. Pratt Jr., and C. E. Stillwell. "Age and Growth of the Sandbar Shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus) from the Western North Atlantic." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, no. 5 (May 1, 1985): 963–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f85-121.

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Age and growth of the sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus) was determined from rings in the vertebrae of 475 individuals, tagging data from 220 sharks at liberty for up to 17 yr, and length–frequency data from 2594 individuals. The oldest male sandbar aged in this study was 15 yr old and 154 cm fork length (FL); the oldest female was 21 yr old and 204 cm FL. The sexes grew at similar rates, 5.2–7.3 cm/yr. Females reached a larger adult size. Age to maturity was estimated at 13 yr in males and 12 yr in females. Tag returns indicated that sandbar sharks may live for over 30 yr. von Bertalanffy parameters for males are L∞ = 257, K = 0.0501, t0 = −4.5 and for females are L∞ = 299, K = 0.040, t0 = −4.9.

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26

Bertone, S., C. Gili, A. Moizo, and L. Calegari. "Vibrio carchariae associated with a chronic skin ulcer on a shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo)." Journal of Fish Diseases 19, no. 6 (November 1996): 429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1996.tb00382.x.

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27

Pirog, Agathe, Sébastien Jaquemet, Antonin Blaison, Marc Soria, and Hélène Magalon. "Isolation and characterization of eight microsatellite loci fromGaleocerdo cuvier(tiger shark) and cross-amplification inCarcharhinus leucas, Carcharhinus brevipinna,Carcharhinus plumbeusandSphyrna lewini." PeerJ 4 (May 17, 2016): e2041. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2041.

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The tiger sharkGaleocerdo cuvier(Carcharhinidae) is a large elasmobranch suspected to have, as other apex predators, a keystone function in marine ecosystems and is currently considered Near Threatened (Red list IUCN). Knowledge on its ecology, which is crucial to design proper conservation and management plans, is very scarce. Here we describe the isolation of eight polymorphic microsatellite loci using 454 GS-FLX Titanium pyrosequencing of enriched DNA libraries. Their characteristics were tested on a population of tiger shark (n= 101) from Reunion Island (South-Western Indian Ocean). All loci were polymorphic with a number of alleles ranging from two to eight. No null alleles were detected and no linkage disequilibrium was detected after Bonferroni correction. Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.03 to 0.76 and from 0.03 to 0.77, respectively. No locus deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and the globalFISof the population was of 0.04NS. Some of the eight loci developed here successfully cross-amplified in the bull sharkCarcharhinus leucas(one locus), the spinner sharkCarcharhinus brevipinna(four loci), the sandbar sharkCarcharhinus plumbeus(five loci) and the scalloped hammerhead sharkSphyrna lewini(two loci). We also designed primers to amplify and sequence a mitochondrial marker, the control region. We sequenced 862 bp and found a low genetic diversity, with four polymorphic sites, a haplotype diversity of 0.15 and a nucleotide diversity of 2 × 10−4.

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Rasmussen, LEL, and FL Murru. "Long-term studies of Serum Concentrations of reproductively related Steriod Hormones in individual captive Carcharhinids." Marine and Freshwater Research 43, no. 1 (1992): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9920273.

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Valuable information on maturity and reproductive status can be obtained by the measurement of the concentrations of steroid hormones in the serum of captive carcharhinid sharks. The sharks at Sea World of Florida, Orlando, Florida, include mature females of several species of placental sharks. Serial serum samples from four mature female Carcharhinus plumbeus, one maturing female C. leucas, and one mature and one nearly mature female Negaprion brevirostris were used to determine serum concentrations of 17�-oestradiol, progesterone, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. The data from these mature placental sharks were then compared with concentrations measured in immature female and male conspecifics and in mature female Eugomphodus taurus (family Odontaspididae). Evidence of repetitive cyclical patterns was obtained from a mature female N. brevirostris. This shark was monitored from June 1988 to July 1990 by means of more than 50 samples that were often obtained at weekly intervals. Concentrations of 17�-oestradiol in the serum of this shark varied in a cyclical fashion, with the highest values obtained in Year 1 (1988-89) being during April (the normal mating season) and those in Year 2 (1989-90) being during June. Concomitant elevations of testosterone concentrations were observed either simultaneously or immediately before or after maximal oestradiol concentrations were noted. Progesterone concentrations were low except for definitive spikes that immediately preceded the maximal concentrations of testosterone and 17�-oestradiol. These periodicities suggest, for placental sharks, that consistently rising oestradiol concentrations may set in motion preovulatory events, that testosterone may be important for the initiation of subsequent ovulatory events, and that transitory elevations of progesterone concentrations may have specific short-term roles. These cyclical changes in the concentrations of steroid hormones observed in captive elasmobranchs support observations of hormone concentrations during reproduction in wild carcharhinids.

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29

Medved, Robert J., Charles E. Stillwell, and John G. Casey. "The Rate of Food Consumption of Young Sandbar Sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus) in Chincoteague Bay, Virginia." Copeia 1988, no. 4 (December 28, 1988): 956. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1445719.

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30

Arnold, Jill E. "Hematology of the sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus: standardization of complete blood count techniques for elasmobranchs." Veterinary Clinical Pathology 34, no. 2 (June 2005): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-165x.2005.tb00023.x.

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31

McAuley, R. B., C. A. Simpfendorfer, G. A. Hyndes, and R. C. J. Lenanton. "Distribution and reproductive biology of the sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo), in Western Australian waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 58, no. 1 (2007): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf05234.

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In total, 7497 sandbar sharks, Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827), were collected between May 2000 and June 2003 from commercial fishers and during fishery-independent research cruises in coastal Western Australian waters. Maximum observed lengths were 165 and 166 cm fork length (FL) for males and females respectively. The lengths at which 50% of sharks were mature were 126.9 and 135.9 cm FL for males and females respectively. Juvenile sharks tended to occur in temperate waters, whereas mature-sized sharks predominantly occurred in tropical waters. Unlike other regions, juveniles were found in offshore continental shelf waters rather than in shallow waters of estuaries and marine embayments. Results indicated a biennial reproductive periodicity. Mating occurred during summer and autumn, and parturition took place after a 12-month gestation. Pups were born at 40 to 45 cm FL throughout most of the species’ Western Australian range. The majority of neonates were caught at temperate latitudes. Litter sizes varied between 4 and 10, with a mean of 6.5. There was a weak but statistically significant increase in litter size with maternal length. Mean embryonic sex ratio of females to males differed significantly from a one-to-one ratio.

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Blower, D. C., S. Corley, J. P. Hereward, C. R. Riginos, and J. R. Ovenden. "Characterisation and cross-amplification of 19 novel microsatellite loci for the sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus." Conservation Genetics Resources 7, no. 4 (October 19, 2015): 913–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12686-015-0500-0.

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Romine, Jason G., R. Dean Grubbs, and John A. Musick. "Age and growth of the sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, in Hawaiian waters through vertebral analysis." Environmental Biology of Fishes 77, no. 3-4 (September 6, 2006): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-006-9113-5.

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Vazquez-Moreno, Luz, Jerker Porath, Samuel F. Schluter, and John J. Marchalonis. "Purification of a novel heterodimer from shark (carcharhinus plumbeus) serum by gel-immobilized metal chromatography." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry 103, no. 3 (November 1992): 563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-0491(92)90371-w.

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Pirog, Agathe, Antonin Blaison, Sébastien Jaquemet, Marc Soria, and Hélène Magalon. "Isolation and characterization of 20 microsatellite markers from Carcharhinus leucas (bull shark) and cross-amplification in Galeocerdo cuvier (tiger shark), Carcharhinus obscurus (dusky shark) and Carcharhinus plumbeus (sandbar shark)." Conservation Genetics Resources 7, no. 1 (September 7, 2014): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12686-014-0308-3.

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MEYER, CARL G., JONATHAN J. DALE, YANNIS P. PAPASTAMATIOU, NICHOLAS M. WHITNEY, and KIM N. HOLLAND. "Seasonal cycles and long-term trends in abundance and species composition of sharks associated with cage diving ecotourism activities in Hawaii." Environmental Conservation 36, no. 2 (June 2009): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892909990038.

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SUMMARYShark cage diving is both popular and controversial, with proponents citing educational value and non-extractive use of natural resources and opponents raising concerns about public safety and ecological impacts. Logbook data collected 2004–2008 from two Oahu (Hawaii) shark cage diving operations were analysed to determine whether such voluntary records provide useful insights into shark ecology or ecotourism impacts. Operators correctly identified common shark species and documented gross seasonal cycles and long-term trends in abundance of Galapagos (Carcharhinus galapagensis), sandbar (Carcharhinus plumbeus) and tiger sharks (Galeorcerdo cuvier). Annual cycles in shark abundance may indicate seasonal migrations, whereas long-term trends suggest gradual exclusion of smaller sandbar sharks from cage diving sites. Numerically dominant (> 98%) Galapagos and sandbar sharks are rarely implicated in attacks on humans. Negligible impact on public safety is supported by other factors such as: (1) remoteness of the sites, (2) conditioning stimuli that are specific to the tour operations and different from inshore recreational stimuli and (3) no increase in shark attacks on the north coast of Oahu since cage diving started. Tracking studies are required to validate logbook data and to determine whether sharks associated with offshore cage diving travel into inshore areas used for in-water recreation.

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Jerome, J. M., A. J. Gallagher, S. J. Cooke, and N. Hammerschlag. "Integrating reflexes with physiological measures to evaluate coastal shark stress response to capture." ICES Journal of Marine Science 75, no. 2 (November 2, 2017): 796–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx191.

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Abstract In both commercial and recreational fisheries, sharks are captured and released alive to comply with regulations or due to low economic value or voluntary conservation ethic. As a result, understanding the physiological and behavioural responses of sharks to capture stress is important for determining subsequent effects of fisheries interactions on a species-specific basis, as well as for identifying factors that influence mortality. Here, we employed a suite of conventional blood physiology endpoints (glucose, lactate, and haematocrit) integrated with assessments of reflex impairment on blacktip (Carcharhinus limbatus), great hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran), nurse (Ginglymostoma cirratum) and sandbar sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus) captured via experimental drumline gear. We documented a wide range of species-specific differences in all parameters assessed, with nurse sharks consistently having the lowest relative levels of physiological disturbance and reflex impairment; and with great hammerheads exhibiting the highest level of physiological disturbance and reflex impairment, suggesting higher vulnerability to fishing. In general, increases in lactate were positively associated with hook time and correlated with reflex impairment assessment. Moreover, reflex indices showed significant impairment with hook time, with the “jaw” reflex emerging as the most potential predictor of disturbance. Our study results connect previously reported species-specific at-vessel and post-release mortality rates to their physiological disturbance and reflex impairment.

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Morick, Danny, Nadav Davidovich, Eyal Bigal, Ezra Rosenbluth, Arieli Bouznach, Assaf Rokney, Merav Ron, Natascha Wosnick, Dan Tchernov, and Aviad P. Scheinin. "Fatal Infection in a Wild Sandbar Shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus), Caused by Streptococcus agalactiae, Type Ia-ST7." Animals 10, no. 2 (February 12, 2020): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10020284.

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Streptococcus agalactiae is one of the most important fish pathogenic bacteria as it is responsible for epizootic mortalities in both wild and farmed species. S. agalactiae is also known as a zoonotic agent. In July 2018, a stranded wild sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus), one of the most common shark species in the Mediterranean Sea, was found moribund on the seashore next to Netanya, Israel, and died a few hours later. A post-mortem examination, histopathology, classical bacteriology and advanced molecular techniques revealed a bacterial infection caused by S. agalactiae, type Ia-ST7. Available sequences publicly accessible databases and phylogenetic analysis suggest that the S. agalactiae isolated in this case is closely related to fish and human isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of a fatal streptococcosis in sandbar sharks.

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Geraghty, Pascal T., William G. Macbeth, and Jane E. Williamson. "Aspects of the reproductive biology of dusky, spinner and sandbar sharks (Family Carcharhinidae) from the Tasman Sea." Marine and Freshwater Research 67, no. 4 (2016): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf14228.

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Increased harvest pressure exerted on sharks worldwide has created a necessity for more information concerning the basic biology of targeted species. This study marks the first dedicated assessment of the reproductive biology of Carcharhinus obscurus, C. brevipinna and C. plumbeus in eastern Australian waters, where these species support a demersal longline fishery. We found all three to be late maturing species of low reproductive output, suggestive of an overarching susceptibility to stock depletion in the region. Length- (L50, cm LT) and age-at-maturity (A50, years), for females and males were respectively 281.1 and 15.5, and 271.9 and 14.6 for C. obscurus; 224.9 and 10.1, and 208.9 and 8.5 for C. brevipinna; and, 174.8 and 9.5, and 164.5 and 7.0 for C. plumbeus. Uterine fecundity (i.e. litter size) was observed at 5–12 (=9.6), 5–14 (=10.6) and 3–12 (=7.8) for the same three species respectively, and increased significantly with maternal length in C. brevipinna. Length-at-birth (L0, cm LT) ranged from 92 to 96 for C. obscurus, 79–82 for C. brevipinna and 66–76 for C. plumbeus, and all three species exhibited lengthy gestation periods, overall embryonic sex ratios of 1:1 and synchronous parturition in autumn. However, given limitations with respect to sample size and temporal distribution inherent in this study, the reproductive parameters defined herein are necessarily preliminary. Nevertheless, this research challenges a range of findings emanating from other parts of the world and, in doing so, raises pertinent questions relating to the resilience to targeted fishing activities of these species in New South Wales waters compared to other oceanic regions. Moreover, it reinforces the importance of locally derived demographic parameters for population modelling and stock assessment.

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Kajiura, Stephen M., and Kim N. Holland. "Electroreception in juvenile scalloped hammerhead and sandbar sharks." Journal of Experimental Biology 205, no. 23 (December 1, 2002): 3609–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.23.3609.

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SUMMARY The unique head morphology of sphyrnid sharks might have evolved to enhance electrosensory capabilities. The `enhanced electroreception' hypothesis was tested by comparing the behavioral responses of similarly sized carcharhinid and sphyrnid sharks to prey-simulating electric stimuli. Juvenile scalloped hammerhead sharks Sphyrna lewini and sandbar sharks Carcharhinus plumbeus oriented to dipole electric fields from the same maximum distance (approximately 30 cm) and thus demonstrated comparable behavioral-response thresholds (<1 nV cm-1). Despite the similarity of response threshold, the orientation pathways and behaviors differed for the two species. Scalloped hammerheads typically demonstrated a pivot orientation in which the edge of the cephalofoil closest to the dipole remained stationary while the shark bent its trunk to orient to the center of the dipole. By contrast, sandbars swam in a broader arc towards the center of the dipole. The different orientation patterns are attributed to the hydrodynamic properties of the cephalofoil, which enables the hammerheads to execute sharp turns at high speed. The greater trunk width of the sandbar sharks prevented them from demonstrating the same degree of flexibility. Therefore, although the sphyrnid head morphology does not appear to confer a greater sensitivity to prey-simulating dipole electric fields, it does provide(1) a greater lateral search area, which may increase the probability of prey encounter, and (2) enhanced maneuverability, which may aid in prey capture.

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McElroy, W. David, Bradley M. Wetherbee, Carolyn S. Mostello, Christopher G. Lowe, Gerald L. Crow, and Richard C. Wass. "Food habits and ontogenetic changes in the diet of the sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus, in Hawaii." Environmental Biology of Fishes 76, no. 1 (May 2006): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10641-006-9010-y.

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Corn, Katherine A., Stacy C. Farina, Jeffrey Brash, and Adam P. Summers. "Modelling tooth–prey interactions in sharks: the importance of dynamic testing." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 8 (August 2016): 160141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160141.

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The shape of shark teeth varies among species, but traditional testing protocols have revealed no predictive relationship between shark tooth morphology and performance. We developed a dynamic testing device to quantify cutting performance of teeth. We mimicked head-shaking behaviour in feeding large sharks by attaching teeth to the blade of a reciprocating power saw fixed in a custom-built frame. We tested three tooth types at biologically relevant speeds and found differences in tooth cutting ability and wear. Teeth from the bluntnose sixgill ( Hexanchus griseus ) showed poor cutting ability compared with tiger ( Galeocerdo cuvier ), sandbar ( Carcharhinus plumbeus ) and silky ( C. falciformis ) sharks, but they also showed no wear with repeated use. Some shark teeth are very sharp at the expense of quickly dulling, while others are less sharp but dull more slowly. This demonstrates that dynamic testing is vital to understanding the performance of shark teeth.

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Gajić, Andrej A., Simo Ribaj, and Emina Karalić. "First record of neonatal sandbar shark Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827) (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae) from the Southern Adriatic Sea." Acta Adriatica 63, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32582/aa.63.2.9.

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This paper is describing a new finding of Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1927) caught at the insular shelves off the Sazan Island at the depth of 120 m, which is the southernmost record for a sandbar shark in the Adriatic Sea. The individual had a partially healed umbilical scar and is considered as neonatal. Examined shark appeared in good body condition with showed no macroscopic signs of diseases or macroscopic parasites. Detailed morphometric measurements are compared with four neonate and juvenile specimens from the north and central Adriatic Sea and are provided in the paper. Despite it is not possible to establish a certain conclusion on whether our specimen was born in the studied area or elsewhere, presented finding provides the very first evidence that neonatal sandbar sharks can be found along the coast of Albania. Knowing the exact locations and movements of both neonates and juveniles is of high importance for the effective long-term in-situ conservation.

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Heist, Edward J., John E. Graves, and John A. Musick. "Population Genetics of the Sandbar Shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus) in the Gulf of Mexico and Mid-Atlantic Bight." Copeia 1995, no. 3 (August 18, 1995): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1446752.

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Heist, Edward J., and John R. Gold. "Microsatellite DNA Variation in Sandbar Sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus) from the Gulf of Mexico and Mid-Atlantic Bight." Copeia 1999, no. 1 (February 5, 1999): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1447399.

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DUFFY, C. A. J., and M. SCOTT. "Confirmation of the occurrence of the sandbar shark Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827) at Norfolk Island, Tasman Sea." Zootaxa 4171, no. 1 (September 26, 2016): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4171.1.11.

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Beneditto, Ana Paula Madeira Di, Renata Maria Arruda Ramos, and Neuza Rejane Wille Lima. "Fishing activity in Northern Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil) and its relation with small cetaceans." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 41, no. 3 (1998): 296–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89131998000300004.

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Research on fishing activity at Atafona village, in Northern Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (21°35'S), was carried out between 1987-96 for the purpose of relating it to the accidental capture of small cetaceans and of estimating the relationship between fishing activity and the diet of small cetaceans. Data on fishing operations were obtained at the cold storage plants management, from interviews with fishermen and personal observations. The most representative fishing resources were Xyphopenaeus kroyeri, Micropogonias furnieri, Carcharhinus plumbeus, C. acronotus,and Rhizoprionodon porosus. Gillnets are responsible for the accidental capture of small cetaceans in the region, mainly Pontoporia blainvillei and Sotalia fluviatilis (marine form). Four types of gillnets that are used on the region ("minjuada", "sarda", "caçoá" and "pescadinha") were dangerous to these species because they are placed in their preferred habitat. There is no competition between fishermen and small cetaceans due to the selection in the capture of commercialized fishes

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McAuley, Rory B., Colin A. Simpfendorfer, and Norm G. Hall. "A method for evaluating the impacts of fishing mortality and stochastic influences on the demography of two long-lived shark stocks." ICES Journal of Marine Science 64, no. 9 (September 20, 2007): 1710–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsm146.

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Abstract McAuley, R. B., Simpfendorfer, C. A., and Hall, N. G. 2007. A method for evaluating the impacts of fishing mortality and stochastic influences on the demography of two long-lived shark stocks. — ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64. Stochastic demographic models were developed for Carcharhinus obscurus and C. plumbeus populations off the west coast of Australia by resampling the input parameters for life tables from empirical biological data collected from commercial target fisheries and fishery-independent surveys. The models were used to examine the effects of multiple scenarios of age-specific survival, derived from the fishing mortality rates estimated from a tagging study on sharks and indirect estimates of natural mortality. In the absence of fishing, median estimates of the rates of intrinsic population increase (r) were 0.025 for both species. Inclusion of the age-specific fishing mortality rates estimated for C. obscurus recruits born in 1994 and 1995 resulted in the median estimates of r declining to 0.007 and 0.012, respectively, suggesting that recent harvest levels of mainly neonates by the target fishery were probably sustainable. However, the model also suggested that the population was more susceptible to exploitation of older sharks than was previously believed. The C. plumbeus model indicated that fishing mortality between 2001 and 2004 was probably unsustainable. The increasingly negative trend in median r estimates (from –0.032 to –0.049), and the population’s apparently limited capacity for density-dependent compensation through changes in fecundity, somatic growth and longevity, suggests that management intervention is necessary to prevent continued stock depletion.

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Rechisky, Erin L., and Bradley M. Wetherbee. "Short-term Movements of Juvenile and Neonate Sandbar Sharks,Carcharhinus plumbeus, on their Nursery Grounds in Delaware Bay." Environmental Biology of Fishes 68, no. 2 (October 2003): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:ebfi.0000003820.62411.cb.

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Conrath, C. L., and J. A. Musick. "Residency, space use and movement patterns of juvenile sandbar sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus) within a Virginia summer nursery area." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 2 (2010): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09078.

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Neonates and juveniles of many large coastal shark species occupy shallow inshore nursery areas during portions of the year. The identification of how these areas are used by large coastal shark populations is an important consideration in conservation and management efforts. An array of passive acoustic receivers was utilised to track the movements of 64 neonate and juvenile sandbar sharks within the Eastern Shore of Virginia summer nursery during the summers of 2003–2005. Residency patterns were variable during each year of the study, with younger sandbar sharks spending more time within the array area than older sharks. The number of detections was positively related to the distance of the receiver inshore from the inlet, indicating that young sandbar sharks preferentially utilise protected, shallow near-shore waters. Neonate and juvenile sandbar sharks tended to be detected more frequently within all areas of the inlet at slack tides, during the night and during early dawn hours. Periodogram analyses indicated that juvenile sharks tend to move in the direction of tidal currents. The present study documents large- and small-scale movement patterns of juvenile sandbar sharks and emphasises the importance of nursery-area habitats for this species.

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