Relevant bibliographies by topics / Carbothermal solid state reduction

Academic literature on the topic 'Carbothermal solid state reduction'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Carbothermal solid state reduction"

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Ostrovski, O., G. Zhang, R. Kononov, M. A. R. Dewan, and J. Li. "Carbothermal Solid State Reduction of Stable Metal Oxides." steel research international 81, no. 10 (September 30, 2010): 841–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/srin.201000177.

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Kononov, Ring, Oleg Ostrovski, and Samir Ganguly. "Carbothermal Solid State Reduction of Manganese Ores: 3. Phase Development." ISIJ International 49, no. 8 (2009): 1115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.49.1115.

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Kononov, Ring, Oleg Ostrovski, and Samir Ganguly. "Carbothermal Solid State Reduction of Manganese Ores: 1. Manganese Ore Characterisation." ISIJ International 49, no. 8 (2009): 1099–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.49.1099.

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Kang, Shin Hyuk, Beom Seob Kim, and Deug Joong Kim. "The Atmosphere Effect on Synthesis of TiB2 Particles by Carbothermal Reduction." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.145.

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The carbothermal reduction synthesis process of titanium diboride (TiB2) particles was studied. In the synthesis of TiB2 using carbothermal reduction from a mixture of TiO2, B2O3 and carbon, solid-solid reactions occur. TiO2 particles rapidly react with carbon to TiC, which then reacts with boron oxide and carbon to TiB2. In the vacuum condition, TiB2 particles were formed within 10 minutes at temperature of 1300oC. It seems that a high exothermic reaction eventually results in the increase of reaction rate. In flowing argon atmosphere, TiB2 particles were formed at temperature of 1550oC after a reaction of 0 minute and it showed a finer particle size than that in the vacuum condition. This is attributed to the faster heat elimination due to the flowing argon. In high atmospheric pressure of argon gas such as 20 atm in reaction or cooling state, the synthesized TiB2 particles shows a mixture of diverse sized particles.
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Kononov, Ring, Oleg Ostrovski, and Samir Ganguly. "Carbothermal Solid State Reduction of Manganese Ores: 2. Non-isothermal and Isothermal Reduction in Different Gas Atmospheres." ISIJ International 49, no. 8 (2009): 1107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.49.1107.

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Smecellato, Pamela C., Rogério A. Davoglio, Sonia R. Biaggio, Nerilso Bocchi, and Romeu C. Rocha-Filho. "Alternative route for LiFePO 4 synthesis: Carbothermal reduction combined with microwave-assisted solid-state reaction." Materials Research Bulletin 86 (February 2017): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2016.11.003.

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Wang, Bai Na, Yun Biao Duan, Jin Hu, Yu Tian Wang, Kai Jun Wang, and Ying Mei Tao. "ZrB2 Nano-Powders Prepared by Sol-Gel Carbothermal Reduction." Advanced Materials Research 1058 (November 2014): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1058.3.

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Zirconium diboride (ZrB2) powders were synthesized by sol-gel carbonthermal reduction method using zirconium oxychloride (ZrOCl2·8H2O), boric acid (H3BO3), source (C12H22O11) and citrate (as chelation agent). The Zirconium diboride precursors were calcined at 1600¡æ for 2h, 3h and 4h under argon atmosphere. The precursors and sintered samples were characterized by TG-DSC, XRD and SEM. Results revealed that the ZrB2powders prepared at 1600°C for 4h exhibited quasi-tabular morphology with a small average crystalline size about 20μ. With respect to the conventional solid state method, the Sol-gel method route guaranteed a faster, easier and energy-saving process for obtaining nanopowders.
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Yuan, Xinayang, Xuejian Liu, Fang Zhang, and Shiwei Wang. "Synthesis of γ-AlON Powders by a Combinational Method of Carbothermal Reduction and Solid-State Reaction." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 93, no. 1 (January 2010): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03380.x.

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Baboshko, Dmytro, Levan Saithareiev, Hennadiy Hubin, Oksana Vodennikova, and Ihor Skidin. "Researching of physicochemical and structural-phase transformations in carbothermal titanomagnetite concentrates reduction for sustainable development of raw materials base of metallurgical enterprises." E3S Web of Conferences 166 (2020): 06011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016606011.

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This study displays results of carbothermal reduction researches of titanоmagnetite concentrate obtained during complex apatite-titanomagnetite-ilmenite ore dressing. The mineral composition was analyzed and the structural and textural features of the titaniferous ore of Kropivensky deposit and the titanomagnetite concentrate obtained from it were revealed. The mechanism of solid-phase carbothermal the titanomagnetite concentrate reduction is investigated. Temperature-time parameters have been discovered to ensure the formation of both products with the maximum yields of iron and titania from metal and slag-phase during titanomagnetite concentrate reduction. One-stage resource-saving flow chart of titanomagnetite concentrate processing with mass fraction up to 25% TiO2 is developed.. It allows to obtain two marketable products: granular cast iron (92-96.5% Fe, 3.4-3.7% C, 0.5% V) in 57% yield and titaniferous slag (50-55% TiO2, up to 7.4% FeO) in 43% yield.
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DEHGHANZADEH, M., A. ATAIE, and S. HESHMATI-MANESH. "SYNTHESIS OF NANOSIZE SILICON CARBIDE POWDER BY CARBOTHERMAL REDUCTION OF SiO2." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 05 (January 2012): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512002115.

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A mixture of silicon carbide nano-particles and nano-whiskers has been synthesized through solid state reduction of silica by graphite employing high energy planetary ball milling for 25 h and subsequent heat treatment at 1300-1700°C in dynamic argon atmosphere. Effects of process conditions on the thermal behavior, phase composition and morphology of the samples were investigated using DTA/TGA, XRD and SEM, technique, respectively. DTA/TGA analysis shows that silicon carbide starts to form at ~ 1250°C. Analysis of the XRD patterns indicates that the phase composition of the sample heat treated at 1300°C for 2 h mainly consists of SiO 2 together with small amount of β- SiC . Nano-crystalline silicon carbide phase with a mean crystallite size of 38 nm was found to be dominate phase on heat treatment temperature at ~ 1500°C. Substantial SiO 2 was still remained in the above sample. SEM studies reveal that the sample heat treated at 1500°C for 2 h contains nano-particles and nano-whisker of β- SiC with a mean diameter of almost ~ 85 nm. The results obtained were also showed that the characteristics of the synthesized SiC particles strongly depend on the mechanical activation and heat treatment conditions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Carbothermal solid state reduction"

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Kononov, Ring Materials Science &amp Engineering Faculty of Science UNSW. "Carbothermal solid state reduction of manganese oxide and ores in different gas atmospheres." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Materials Science & Engineering, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41459.

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The aim of the project was to establish rate and mechanisms of solid state reduction of manganese ores. The project studied carbothermal reduction of manganese oxide MnO, two Groote Eylandt (Australian) and Wessels (South African) manganese ores in hydrogen, helium and argon atmospheres at temperatures up to 1400C for MnO and 1200C for manganese ores. Experiments were conducted in the fixed bed reactor with on-line off-gas analysis. The major findings are as follows. ?? Rate and degree of reduction of MnO and ores increased with increasing temperature. ?? Reduction of MnO and manganese ores at temperatures up to 1200C was faster in helium than in argon, and much faster in hydrogen than in helium. The difference in MnO reduction in hydrogen and helium decreased with increasing temperature to 1400C. ?? Addition of up to 7 vol% of carbon monoxide to hydrogen had no effect on MnO reduction at 1200C. ?? In the process of carbothermal reduction of ores in hydrogen at 1200C, silica was reduced. ?? Reduction of both GE ores was slower than of Wessels ore. This was attributed to high content of iron oxide in the Wessels ore. ?? Carbon content in the graphite-ore mixture had a strong effect on phases formed in the process of reduction; thus, in the reduction of Wessels ore with 12-16 wt% C, a-Mn and Mn23C6 were formed; when carbon content was above 20 wt%, oxides were reduced to carbide (Mn,Fe)7C3. ?? Kinetic analysis showed that mass transfer of intermediate CO2 from oxide to graphite in carbothermal reduction in inert atmosphere was a contributing factor in the rate control. ?? High rate of reduction of manganese oxide in hydrogen was attributed to formation of methane which facilitated mass transfer of carbon from graphite to oxide. Hydrogen was also directly involved in reduction of manganese ore reducing iron oxides to metallic iron and higher manganese oxides to MnO. Reduction of Wessels and Groote Eyland Premium Fines ores in the solid state is feasible at temperatures up to 1200C; while temperature for solid state reduction of Groote Eyland Premium Sands is limited by 1100C.
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Stennett, Neil Andrew. "Normal force reduction in electronic connectors." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1991. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/25593.

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An experimental and theoretical analysis has been carried out into normal force reduction in electronic contact springs. This is a phenomenon whereby the force produced by the contact spring reduces with time. A series of ten elevated temperature heat age tests were carried out for time periods of up to three months. Over 6,500 normal force reduction measurements have been made. Examination of the data revealed a high correlation for the normal force to exhibit a logarithmic relationship with time. Theoretical analysis showed that this could be explained by assuming that the phenomenon of normal force reduction is thermally activated with an activation energy that is variable and related to the amount of stored energy in the contact spring. A theoretical model for the process has been proposed, and the values of the parameters calculated for the ten temperatures for which data has been collected. This model can be used to predict end of life normal forces for electrical contacts, provided that the model parameters are determined experimentally at the required temperature. In addition, it is also possible to obtain confidence levels associated with these predictions.
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Fiefhaus, Silas R. "The Optimization of The Synthesis and Characterization of Vapor-Liquid-Solid Grown ZnO Nanowires." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/chemistry_etds/62.

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ZnO nanowires are a promising material with great semiconductor properties. ZnO nanowires were prepared by carbothermal reduction and vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism. Altering a variety of parameters ranging from mole to mole ratio of ZnO to C all the way to gas flow rate was examined. The nanowires were then characterized and their morphology examined under a SEM to observe what effect the parameter had on the morphology of the nanowires. From the experiments and the parameters tested it was observed that in order to produce the highest quality straight nanowires one should use a mole to mole ratio of ZnO to C graphite of 1 to 3. With a dwell temperature and time of 900 °C for 3 hours. A gold seed catalyst of 4nm and a gas flow rate of 50 to 100sccm of Ar provides the straightest nanowires. Understanding the effect of each parameter on the morphology of ZnO nanowires is vital for the current research. This will only lead to further the research and provide a better understanding of the growth mechanism of these wires and how the production of specific wires with certain morphologic features and characteristics can be achieved.
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Nair, Vipinachandran. "Reduction of phytic acid content in canola meal by solid state fermentation." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5919.

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Solid state fermentation of canola meal has been carried out for the reduction of its phytic acid content. Several microorganisms were surveyed for this purpose. The phytic acid content of canola meal was reduced by 26%, 60% and 66% using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus oligosporus NRRL 2990 and Aspergillus niger NRC 401121 respectively after 120 hours of fermentation. Aspergillus ficuum NRRL 3135 was found to be the best for the reduction of phytic acid content. For this reason, this microorganism was studied more extensively. In the study of the phytase (EC 3.1.3.8) from Aspergillus ficuum NRRL 3135, it was found that the production of the enzyme in a submerged batch process was inhibited by high concentrations of glucose. The inhibition was overcome by applying a fed batch technique in the production of the enzyme. Tests carried out at different oxygen concentrations revealed that aeration had a beneficial effect on the production of the enzyme. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Dixon, Edward. "The anion chemistry of transition metal oxides and oxychlorides." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3ddb2e1e-18e9-427a-a4a3-b7f2eba2489f.

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This investigation is based on the topotactic reduction reactions of 3 sets of phases: La₁-ₓSrₓMnO₃ (0.6 ≤ x ≤ 1), La₁-ₓCaₓMnO₃ (0.6 ≤ x ≤ 1) and Sr₃Fe₂-ₓCoₓO₅Cl₂ (0 ≤ x ≤ 1). The topotactic reduction reactions of La₁-ₓSrₓMnO₃ (0.6 ≤ x ≤ 1) perovskite phases using NaH as a solid state reducing agent result in the formation of reduced phases which contain manganese centres with a constant average oxidation state of +2.5, thus leading to an empirical composition of La₁-ₓSrₓMnO₃-(0.5+x)/2. The structures of the reduced phases contain a 6-layer OOTOOT’ stacking sequence of the octahedral (O) and tetrahedral (T) sheets and so are closely related to the 4-layer OTOT’-stacked brownmillerite structure. Close inspection reveals that the structures of the La₁-ₓSrₓMnO₃-y (x = 0.67, 0.7 and 0.75) reduced phases contain an intralayer ordered arrangement of twisted tetrahedral chains, and are the first instances of refined 6-layer structures containing such an arrangement. The driving force dictating the arrangement of the twisted tetrahedral chains in these 6-layer structures are shown to be the size of the tetrahedral chain dipole moment and the coupling between neighbouring tetrahedral layers in a similar manner to the brownmillerite structure. This logic has been applied to rationalise the ordering arrangement of the twisted tetrahedral chains in other structures containing tetrahedral layers. Variable temperature neutron diffraction data reveal that the La₁-ₓSrₓMnO₃-y (0.67 ≤ x ≤ 0.83) reduced phases adopt magnetically ordered structures incommensurate with the nuclear structures below TN. In contrast, the structures adopted by reduced phases formed by topotactic reduction reactions of La₁-ₓCaₓMnO₃ (0.6 ≤ x ≤ 1) perovskite phases using NaH are split into 2 groups as a function of the La:Ca ratio: The reduction of perovskite phases in the range (0.6 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) result in the formation of reduced phases with an empirical composition of La₁-ₓCaₓMnO₂ which adopt structures containing a disordered arrangement of layers of edge-sharing MnO₆ octahedra and layers of vertex-sharing MnO₄ tetrahedra. In contrast, reduction of the perovskite phases in the range (0.9 ≤ x ≤ 1) result in the formation of reduced phases with an empirical composition of (La₁-ₓCₓx)0.5MnO which adopt the rock salt structure with a disordered arrangement of the cations. The (x < 1) reduced phases are the first reported examples of extended oxides which contain manganese centres with an average oxidation state of below 2. Variable temperature neutron diffraction data reveal that the La₁-ₓCaₓMnO₃-y (x= 0.6, 0.67 and 0.7) reduced phases adopt G-type antiferromagnetically ordered magnetic structures below approximately TN ~ 220 K. The structure of Sr₃Fe₂O₅Cl₂ is closely related to that of the A₃B₂O₇ n = 2 Ruddlesden-Popper structure. The topotactic reduction reaction of Sr₃Fe₂O₅Cl₂ with LiH results in the formation of the Fe(II) phase Sr₃Fe₂O₄Cl₂. Neutron powder diffraction data show that Sr₃Fe₂O₄Cl₂ adopts a body-centred tetragonal crystal structure with anion vacancies located within the central SrO layer of the phase. The structure of Sr₃Fe₂O₄Cl₂ is therefore a rare example of a structure consisting of infinite sheets of corner-sharing Fe(II)O₄ square planes. In addition, the effect of cobalt-doping on the magnetic properties of the isostructural Sr₃Fe₂-ₓCoₓO₄Cl₂ (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) series of reduced phases was investigated. Cobalt-doping was found to frustrate the antiferromagnetic order initially leading to a decrease in the magnetic ordering temperature but ultimately leading to spin glass behaviour.
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Xing, Dongxia. "Stereoselective Solid-State NaBH₄ Reduction of 1-Methylpentacyclo[5.4.0.0²,⁶.0³,¹⁰,0⁵,⁹]undecane-8, 11-Dione, Synthesis and Chemistry of Strained Alkenes, and Chemical and Microbial Synthesis of Racemic and Optically Active (S)-4-Hydroxy-2-Cyclohexenone." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278368/.

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Part I. Reduction of the 1-methylpentacyclo [5.4.0.0²,⁶.0³,¹⁰,0⁵,⁹]undecane-8, 11-dione (9) with solid NaBH₄ resulted in highly stereoselective reduction of both C=O groups in the substrate, thereby affording the corresponding endo-8, endo-11-diol (11a). The configuration of 11a was established unequivocally by converting 11a into the corresponding cyclic thiocarbonate ester, 12. Part II. Z-1,2-Di(1'-adamantyl)ethene (14) was synthesized with a high degree of stereoselectively in four steps (Scheme 9 in Chapter 2). E-1,2-di(1'-adamantyl)ethene (15) was synthesized by iodine promoted isomerization of 14. Both structures were established unequivocally via single-crystal X-ray structural analysis. E-1-(exo-8'-Pentacyclo[5.4.0.0²,⁶.0³,¹⁰,0⁵,⁹]undecyl)-2-phenylethylene (16a) was synthesized, and its structure was established via analysis of its 1H, 13C, and 2D COSY NMR spectra. Part III. Reactions of electrophiles, i.e.,:CCl_2, PhSCl, and Br_2, to Z- and E-1,2-di(1'-adamantyl)ethenes (14 and 15, respectively) are described (Scheme 5, 8, 10, and 13 in Chapter 3). Structures of the corresponding products were established unequivocally via analysis of their respective one- and two-dimensional NMR spectra and/or single-crystal X-ray structural analysis. Part IV. An improved asymmetric synthesis of optically active (S)-4-hydroxy-2-cyclohexenone 1 (64%ee, determined via Mosher's method) has been developed (Scheme 5 in Chapter 4). The key step in this synthesis involves the baker's yeast reduction of 13. The absolute configuration of the major product, (S)-1, was established unequivocally via single-crystal X-ray structural analysis of a precursor. The optical purity of the major product 14a (80%de, 67%ee) was established via careful integration of relevant gated-decoupled 13C NMR spectra.
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Slocum, Amanda K. "Policy options to enhance technology diffusion : modeling the greenhouse gas reduction potential of solid-state lighting /." Link to online version, 2004. https://ritdml.rit.edu/dspace/handle/1850/1125.

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Ebune, Anne Ebane. "Production of phytase and reduction of phytic acid content in canola meal by solid state fermentation." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10855.

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A static state technique for fermentation was applied using Aspergillus ficuum NRRL 3135 on canola meal for the production of phytase and for the reduction of the phytic acid content in the meal. Aspergillus ficuum was chosen as a result of its high phytase producing capacity. In the study of the effects of physical and nutritional factors on the enzyme production and the phytic acid content reduction, it was found that moisture content was a critical factor and 64% water in the medium was found to be the optimum moisture content for both enzyme production and phytic acid content reduction. Increasing time of homogenization of inoculum up to 240 seconds improved enzyme production and phytic acid reduction. Increase in both inoculum concentration (biomass) and inoculum age up to 7-days old increased enzyme production and rate of phytic acid content reduction. With increase in initial pH of medium of up to 5.7, increased enzyme production and rate of phytic acid reduction were achieved. In the addition of surfactants to medium, sodium oleate was found to significantly increase enzyme production and the rate of phytic acid content reduction while Triton X-100 gave a negative effect. The addition of 1 mg phosphate remarkably increased the enzyme production and phytic acid content reduction; though a negative effect was obtained for systems containing combined portions of oleate and phosphate. Biomass in the solid culture was found to increase during fermentation up to 144 h of incubation and the protein content of culture also increased to about 18% after 96 h of incubation; hence this method of fermentation could be used to improve the nutritional quality of the meal for animal feed.
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Beamish, Eric. "Precise Size Control and Noise Reduction of Solid-state Nanopores for the Detection of DNA-protein Complexes." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23569.

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Over the past decade, solid-state nanopores have emerged as a versatile tool for the detection and characterization of single molecules, showing great promise in the field of personalized medicine as diagnostic and genotyping platforms. While solid-state nanopores offer increased durability and functionality over a wider range of experimental conditions compared to their biological counterparts, reliable fabrication of low-noise solid-state nanopores remains a challenge. In this thesis, a methodology for treating nanopores using high electric fields in an automated fashion by applying short (0.1-2 s) pulses of 6-10 V is presented which drastically improves the yield of nanopores that can be used for molecular recognition studies. In particular, this technique allows for sub-nanometer control over nanopore size under experimental conditions, facilitates complete wetting of nanopores, reduces noise by up to three orders of magnitude and rejuvenates used pores for further experimentation. This improvement in fabrication yield (over 90%) ultimately makes nanopore-based sensing more efficient, cost-effective and accessible. Tuning size using high electric fields facilitates nanopore fabrication and improves functionality for single-molecule experiments. Here, the use of nanopores for the detection of DNA-protein complexes is examined. As proof-of-concept, neutravidin bound to double-stranded DNA is used as a model complex. The creation of the DNA-neutravidin complex using polymerase chain reaction with biotinylated primers and subsequent purification and multiplex creation is discussed. Finally, an outlook for extending this scheme for the identification of proteins in a sample based on translocation signatures is presented which could be implemented in a portable lab-on-a-chip device for the rapid detection of disease biomarkers.
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Akil, Cem. "Optimization Of Conditions To Produce Manganese And Iron Carbides From Denizli-tavas Manganese Ore By Solid State Reduction." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608188/index.pdf.

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Main purpose of this study was to find the optimum conditions to produce a charge material for ferromanganese production or steelmaking with high content of iron and manganese carbides from Denizli-Tavas manganese ore by carbothermic reduction and investigate the effects of temperature, time, amount of active carbon addition and CaO addition on this reduction. The ore was calcined and then mixed with active carbon and CaO. Experiments were performed in a horizontal tube furnace that can be heated up to 1700 º
C with MoSi2 heating elements. After each experiment weight loss data were obtained and converted to percentage reduction. X-Ray, SEM-EDS and chemical analyses were done in order to determine whether or not carbide phases have been obtained, and calculate the composition of the product. Considering the experimental results, the optimum conditions found for reduction of Denizli-Tavas manganese ore were 1250 °
C, 4 hours, 100% of stoichiometric amount of active carbon and 5% CaO addition. Under the optimum conditions 83.85% reduction of calcined ore was obtained.
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Books on the topic "Carbothermal solid state reduction"

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Fishbein, Bette K. Source reduction of municipal solid waste in New York State: An INFORM survey. New York, NY (120 Wall Street, New York 10005-4001): INFORM, Inc., 1995.

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Khait, Klementina. Solid-state shear pulverization: A new polymer processing and powder technology. Lancaster [PA]: Technomic Pub. Co., 2001.

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Andress, Carol. Waste not, want not: State and federal roles in source reduction and recycling of solid waste. Washington, D.C. (218 D St. S.E., Washington, D.C., 20003): Northeast-Midwest Institute, 1989.

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Washington (State). Solid and Hazardous Waste Program. and League of Women Voters of Washington., eds. Solid waste reduction and recycling: A handbook of strategies employed by businesses in Washington State. [Olympia, Wash.]: Office of Waste Reduction, Washington State Dept. of Ecology, Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Program, 1988.

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League of Women Voters of Washington. and Washington (State). Solid and Hazardous Waste Program., eds. Solid waste reduction and recycling: A handbook of strategies employed by businesses in Washington State. [Olympia, Wash.]: Office of Waste Reduction, Washington State Dept. of Ecology, Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Program, 1988.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Final technical report on the development of a solid-state hydrogen sensor for rocket engine leakage detection. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Carbothermal solid state reduction"

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Liu, Dongsheng, Guangqing Zhang, Jiuqiang Li, and Oleg Ostrovski. "Solid State Carbothermal Reduction of Alumina." In Essential Readings in Light Metals, 1076–81. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118647851.ch157.

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Liu, Dongsheng, Guangqing Zhang, Jiuqiang Li, and Oleg Ostrovski. "Solid State Carbothermal Reduction of Alumina." In Essential Readings in Light Metals, 1076–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48156-2_157.

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Marzoughi, Omid, and Christopher A. Pickles. "Thermodynamic Modeling of the Solid State Carbothermic Reduction of Chromite Ore." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 921–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95022-8_74.

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Lee, Seong, Joon Woong Noh, Eun Pyo Kim, and Moon Hee Hong. "Reduction Behavior of W and Cu Oxides Powder Mixture." In Solid State Phenomena, 143–49. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-48-5.143.

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Butkus, R., J. Deikus, Danielius Gužas, and A. Šarlauskas. "The Use of Rigidity Properties in Cylindrical Shells for Noise Reduction." In Solid State Phenomena, 259–64. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-21-3.259.

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Mica, Isabella, Maria Luisa Polignano, Emiliano Bonera, Gian Pietro Carnevale, and P. Magni. "The Role of High Temperature Treatments in Stress Release and Defect Reduction." In Solid State Phenomena, 369–74. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-43-4.369.

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Lee, Jong Kook, Hae Keun Yoo, Dong Seok Seo, and Hwan Kim. "Reduction of Gold from Plating Wastewater Using TiO2 Photocatalyst." In Solid State Phenomena, 1333–36. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-30-2.1333.

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Sun, Peng, Gang Qin Shao, Xing Long Duan, Xiao Liang Shi, and Fu Rong Zhou. "Low Temperature Synthesis of Tungsten Carbide by Embedment-Direct Reduction Carburization Process." In Solid State Phenomena, 171–74. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-30-2.171.

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Lee, So Yeon, Yong Kul Lee, S. Ted Oyama, Seok Hee Lee, and Hee Chul Woo. "Preparation of Silica-Supported Nickel Molybdenum Phosphides by Temperature-Programmed Reduction Technique." In Solid State Phenomena, 1765–68. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-31-0.1765.

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Čiučelis, A., Danielius Gužas, and R. Maskeliūnas. "Method Reduction of Vibrations of a Cylindrical Shell with a Longitudinal Plate Rib." In Solid State Phenomena, 265–70. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-21-3.265.

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Conference papers on the topic "Carbothermal solid state reduction"

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Lo, Wei-Long, Ting-Jui Hsu, and Wen-Tai Lin. "Effects of Cu Catalyst and Water Vapor on the Growth of Ge-GeOx Core-Shell Nanowires via the Carbothermal Reduction of GeO2 Powders." In 2007 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2007.p-13-2.

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Potemkin, A. K., M. A. Martyanov, M. S. Kochetkova, and E. A. Khazanov. "Reduction of Self-Focusing in Solid State Lasers." In Advanced Solid-State Photonics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assp.2009.wb26.

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Tünnermann, Henrik, Oliver Puncken, Peter Weßels, Maik Frede, Dietmar Kracht, and Jörg Neumann. "Intrinsic Reduction of the Depolarization in Nd:YAG Crystals." In Advanced Solid-State Photonics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assp.2010.amb19.

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Müller, Michael, Cesar Jauregui, Marco Kienel, Florian Emaury, Clara J. Saraceno, Ursula Keller, Jens Limpert, and Andreas Tünnermann. "Amplitude Noise Reduction in Yb-doped Fiber Amplifiers." In Advanced Solid State Lasers. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assl.2016.jth2a.33.

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Fackler, Sean, Ritobrata Sur, and Junko Yano. "Rapid In-Line WMS Detection for CO2 Reduction Products." In Advanced Solid State Lasers. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assl.2019.jtu3a.46.

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Lavi, R., A. Tal, S. Jacket, E. Lebiush, S. Goldring, and Y. Tzuk. "Heat reduction by direct pumping of Nd:YAG at 885nm." In Advanced Solid State Lasers. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assl.2002.wb17.

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Ansari, A. A., and S. D. Sartale. "Spin coating of Ag nanoparticles: Effect of reduction." In SOLID STATE PHYSICS: Proceedings of the 58th DAE Solid State Physics Symposium 2013. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4872596.

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Eichfeld, H., J. Rieger, and J. Harter. "Voltage Reduction for 4Mbit-CMOS-DRAM." In Twelfth European Solid-State Circuits Conference. IEEE, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esscirc.1986.5468238.

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Wright, Marshalla M., and James E. Smith. "Solid State Electrochemical Cell for NOx Reduction." In 27th Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (1992). 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/929418.

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Takahashi, Masakuni, Ichiro Sekine, Marilou Cadatal, Nobuhiko Sarukura, Peter F. Moulton, and Alex Dergachev. "Reduction of Non-Linear Absorption in Li2B4O7 by Controlling Temperature and Repetition Rate." In Advanced Solid-State Photonics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assp.2008.mc32.

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Reports on the topic "Carbothermal solid state reduction"

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Sbiral, Keith, Jennifer Raymond, and Kyle Kroner. Hyperwaste Minimization : Recommendations for Achieving Solid Waste Reduction Beyond State Mandated Levels. University of Iowa, May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/14dp-bdgf.

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