Journal articles: 'Carbon cycling'

1

Coble, Paula. "Cycling coloured carbon." Nature Geoscience 1, no. 9 (September 2008): 575–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo294.

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Deane, Caitlin. "Custom carbon cycling." Nature Chemical Biology 13, no. 1 (January 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.2275.

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Keir, Robin. "Carbon isotopes and carbon cycling." Nature 357, no. 6378 (June 1992): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/357446a0.

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4

Johnston, Carol A., Peter Groffman, David D. Breshears, Zoe G. Cardon, William Currie, William Emanuel, Julia Gaudinski, et al. "Carbon cycling in soil." Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 2, no. 10 (December 2004): 522–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0522:ccis]2.0.co;2.

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5

Delaney, M. L. "Extinctions and carbon cycling." Nature 337, no. 6202 (January 1989): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/337018a0.

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6

WILSON, ELIZABETH. "DIAMOND ILLUMINES CARBON CYCLING." Chemical & Engineering News Archive 89, no. 38 (September 19, 2011): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v089n038.p006a.

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7

Luo, Yiqi, Christopher B. Field, and Robert B. Jackson. "Does Nitrogen Constrain Carbon Cycling, or Does Carbon Input Stimulate Nitrogen Cycling?1." Ecology 87, no. 1 (January 2006): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/05-0923.

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8

Ping, C. L., J. D. Jastrow, M. T. Jorgenson, G. J. Michaelson, and Y. L. Shur. "Permafrost soils and carbon cycling." SOIL 1, no. 1 (February 5, 2015): 147–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-147-2015.

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Abstract. Knowledge of soils in the permafrost region has advanced immensely in recent decades, despite the remoteness and inaccessibility of most of the region and the sampling limitations posed by the severe environment. These efforts significantly increased estimates of the amount of organic carbon stored in permafrost-region soils and improved understanding of how pedogenic processes unique to permafrost environments built enormous organic carbon stocks during the Quaternary. This knowledge has also called attention to the importance of permafrost-affected soils to the global carbon cycle and the potential vulnerability of the region's soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks to changing climatic conditions. In this review, we briefly introduce the permafrost characteristics, ice structures, and cryopedogenic processes that shape the development of permafrost-affected soils, and discuss their effects on soil structures and on organic matter distributions within the soil profile. We then examine the quantity of organic carbon stored in permafrost-region soils, as well as the characteristics, intrinsic decomposability, and potential vulnerability of this organic carbon to permafrost thaw under a warming climate. Overall, frozen conditions and cryopedogenic processes, such as cryoturbation, have slowed decomposition and enhanced the sequestration of organic carbon in permafrost-affected soils over millennial timescales. Due to the low temperatures, the organic matter in permafrost soils is often less humified than in more temperate soils, making some portion of this stored organic carbon relatively vulnerable to mineralization upon thawing of permafrost.

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Ping, C. L., J. D. Jastrow, M. T. Jorgenson, G. J. Michaelson, and Y. L. Shur. "Permafrost soils and carbon cycling." SOIL Discussions 1, no. 1 (October 30, 2014): 709–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soild-1-709-2014.

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Abstract. Knowledge of soils in the permafrost region has advanced immensely in recent decades, despite the remoteness and inaccessibility of most of the region and the sampling limitations posed by the severe environment. These efforts significantly increased estimates of the amount of organic carbon (OC) stored in permafrost-region soils and improved understanding of how pedogenic processes unique to permafrost environments built enormous OC stocks during the Quaternary. This knowledge has also called attention to the importance of permafrost-affected soils to the global C cycle and the potential vulnerability of the region's soil OC stocks to changing climatic conditions. In this review, we briefly introduce the permafrost characteristics, ice structures, and cryopedogenic processes that shape the development of permafrost-affected soils and discuss their effects on soil structures and on organic matter distributions within the soil profile. We then examine the quantity of OC stored in permafrost-region soils, as well as the characteristics, intrinsic decomposability, and potential vulnerability of this OC to permafrost thaw under a warming climate.

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10

Norby, Richard J. "Carbon cycling in tropical ecosystems." New Phytologist 189, no. 4 (February 3, 2011): 893–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03641.x.

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11

Goddéris, Yves, and Yannick Donnadieu. "Carbon cycling and snowball Earth." Nature 456, no. 7224 (December 18, 2008): E8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07653.

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12

Tranvik, L. "Carbon cycling in the Arctic." Science 345, no. 6199 (August 21, 2014): 870. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1258235.

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13

Golchin, A., JM Oades, JO Skjemstad, and P. Clarke. "Soil structure and carbon cycling." Soil Research 32, no. 5 (1994): 1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9941043.

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Samples from the surface horizons of six virgin soils were collected and separated into density fractions. Based on the spatial distribution of organic materials within the mineral matrix of soil, the soil organic matter (SOM) contained in various density fractions was classified as: (a) free particulate OM, (b) occluded particulate OM, and (c) colloidal or clay-associated OM. The compositional differences noted among these three components of SOM were used to describe the changes that OM undergoes during decomposition when it enters the soil, is enveloped in aggregates and eventually is incorporated into microbial biomass and metabolites and associated with clay minerals. The occluded organic materials, released as a result of aggregate disruption, were in various stages of decomposition and had different degrees of association with mineral particles. Changes in the degree of association of occluded organic materials and mineral particles with decomposition are discussed and form the basis of a model which illustrates the simultaneous dynamics of microaggregates and their organic cores. This model indicates a major role for carbohydrate-rich plant debris in formation and stabilization of microaggregates.

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14

Schultz, Colin. "Carbon Cycling in Northern Peatlands." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 91, no. 47 (2010): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010eo470009.

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15

Shively, Jessup M., R. Samuel English, Stefanie H. Baker, and Gordon C. Cannon. "Carbon cycling: the prokaryotic contribution." Current Opinion in Microbiology 4, no. 3 (June 2001): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-5274(00)00207-1.

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16

RITTER, STEVE. "NEW WRINGKLE IN CARBON CYCLING." Chemical & Engineering News 83, no. 35 (August 29, 2005): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v083n035.p013a.

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17

Lal, Rattan. "Carbon Cycling in Global Drylands." Current Climate Change Reports 5, no. 3 (May 29, 2019): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40641-019-00132-z.

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18

Sugden, A. M. "Drought effects on carbon cycling." Science 349, no. 6247 (July 30, 2015): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.349.6247.490-a.

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19

van der Molen, M. K., A. J. Dolman, P. Ciais, T. Eglin, N. Gobron, B. E. Law, P. Meir, et al. "Drought and ecosystem carbon cycling." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 151, no. 7 (July 2011): 765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.01.018.

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20

Evans, Martin G., and Jeff Warburton. "Peatland Geomorphology and Carbon Cycling." Geography Compass 4, no. 10 (October 2010): 1513–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8198.2010.00378.x.

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21

Evans, Martin, Timothy Quine, and Nikolaus Kuhn. "Geomorphology and terrestrial carbon cycling." Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 38, no. 1 (October 24, 2012): 103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.3337.

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22

Lin, Junjie, Biao Zhu, and Weixin Cheng. "Decadally cycling soil carbon is more sensitive to warming than faster-cycling soil carbon." Global Change Biology 21, no. 12 (November 6, 2015): 4602–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13071.

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23

Hoffmann, N., M. G. Ortiz, J. E. Thomas, and A. Visintin. "Different carbon processes for lithium-sulfur batteries." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2382, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2382/1/012009.

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In this work, different carbon modification processes have been employed and the results have been compared with the unmodified Super-P carbon. The active materials were used in respective cathodes materials for Li/S batteries. The electrochemical performance was studied by galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and rate capability. CV measurements showed the modified carbons started out charging and discharging at set voltages, with their peaks broadening as part of the cycling-induced decay. It was found that the carbon processed with nitric acid delivered the highest capacity retention after 100 cycles at C/10. The results indicate that the modification of carbon with nitric acid could be promote the decrease of the shuttle effect.

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24

Zhao, Weimin, Jingjing Wen, Yanming Zhao, Zhifeng Wang, Yaru Shi, and Yan Zhao. "Hierarchically Porous Carbon Derived from Biomass Reed Flowers as Highly Stable Li-Ion Battery Anode." Nanomaterials 10, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10020346.

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As lithium-ion battery (LIB) anode materials, porous carbons with high specific surface area are highly required because they can well accommodate huge volume expansion/contraction during cycling. In this work, hierarchically porous carbon (HPC) with high specific surface area (~1714.83 m2 g−1) is synthesized from biomass reed flowers. The material presents good cycling stability as an LIB anode, delivering an excellent reversible capacity of 581.2 mAh g−1 after cycling for 100 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g−1, and still remains a reversible capacity of 298.5 mAh g−1 after cycling for 1000 cycles even at 1000 mA g−1. The good electrochemical performance can be ascribed to the high specific surface area of the HPC network, which provides rich and fast paths for electron and ion transfer and provides large contact area and mutual interactions between the electrolyte and active materials. The work proposes a new route for the preparation of low cost carbon-based anodes and may promote the development of other porous carbon materials derived from various biomass carbon sources.

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25

Boichuk, Volodymyr, Volodymyr Kotsyubynsky, Andrii Kachmar, Sergiy Budzulyak, Ivan Budzulyak, Bogdan Rachiy, and Lyubov Yablon. "Effect of Synthesis Conditions on Pseudocapacitance Properties of Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Materials." Journal of Nano Research 59 (August 2019): 112–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.59.112.

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The electrochemical properties of the nitrogen-enriched carbons obtained by plant raw treatment as electrode material for supercapacitors were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cycling voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling in KOH aqueous electrolyte. The effect of activation agent (NaOH) concentration and carbonization temperature were analyzed. The separation of double layer and redox capacitance components was done. The dominating role of microporosity for capacitive properties was demonstrated. The capacitance of model capacitors based on carbons obtained at different modes was calculated from both from cycling voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge data. The maximal values of specific capacitance of carbon materials carbonized at 600°C and 900°C are about 100 and 120 F/g, respectively.

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26

Sugden, Andrew M. "Carbon cycling after boreal forest fire." Science 372, no. 6539 (April 15, 2021): 250.1–250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.372.6539.250-a.

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27

Schmittner, Andreas, SL Jaccard, AC Mix, and EL Sikes. "Deglacial Ocean Circulation and Carbon Cycling." Past Global Changes Magazine 23, no. 1 (January 2015): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22498/pages.23.1.30.

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28

Anashkin, A. V., A. V. Belov, A. A. Sokolov, A. A. Bogatov, and S. V. Smirnov. "Heat cycling of carbon steel wire." Metal Science and Heat Treatment 30, no. 2 (February 1988): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00777814.

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29

Dahm, Clifford N., Deborah L. Carr, and Ross L. Coleman. "Anaerobic carbon cycling in stream ecosystems." SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010 24, no. 3 (June 1991): 1600–1604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03680770.1989.11899028.

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30

Averill, Colin, and Christine V. Hawkes. "Ectomycorrhizal fungi slow soil carbon cycling." Ecology Letters 19, no. 8 (June 23, 2016): 937–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.12631.

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31

Talbot, Jennifer M., and Kathleen K. Treseder. "Dishing the dirt on carbon cycling." Nature Climate Change 1, no. 3 (June 2011): 144–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1125.

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32

Peckmann, J., and V. Thiel. "Carbon cycling at ancient methane–seeps." Chemical Geology 205, no. 3-4 (May 2004): 443–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.12.025.

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33

Seekell, David A., Jean-François Lapierre, and Kendra Spence Cheruvelil. "A geography of lake carbon cycling." Limnology and Oceanography Letters 3, no. 3 (March 30, 2018): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10078.

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34

Emanuel, William R. "Modeling carbon cycling on disturbed landscapes." Ecological Modelling 89, no. 1-3 (August 1996): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(95)00114-x.

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35

Garvie, Laurence A. J. "Decay of cacti and carbon cycling." Naturwissenschaften 93, no. 3 (February 2, 2006): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-005-0069-7.

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36

Duarte, C. M., and S. Agustí. "Rapid carbon cycling in the oligotrophic ocean." Biogeosciences Discussions 8, no. 6 (December 7, 2011): 11661–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-11661-2011.

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Abstract. The dynamics of organic carbon production, release and bacterial use was examined across a range of communities spanning from highly oligotrophic ones in the Subtropical Atlantic Ocean, mesotrophic ones in the Mediterranean Sea and productive ones in the Northern African upwelling and the Southern Ocean. A comparative analysis of experiments examining total and particulate organic carbon production across a range of time scales (15 min to 24 h) for 20 communities with contrasting phytoplankton cell status, as assessed by cell lysis rates, and the use of a simple inverse model was used to resolve patterns of carbon flow in the microbial food web. Communities in productive ocean waters accumulated organic carbon over hourly time scales, whereas only a small fraction of net primary production accumulated in communities from oligotrophic waters. These communities supported high phytoplankton cell lysis rates leading to a rapid flux of organic carbon to bacteria, which had high affinity for phytoplankton-derived carbon, much of which was rapidly respired. Conventional assessments of primary production in the oligotrophic ocean severely underestimate net phytoplankton production, as carbon flow in microbial communities from oligotrophic ocean waters occurs within short (minutes) time scales. This explains difficulties to reconcile estimates of primary production with independent estimates of carbon use by bacteria in oligotrophic marine ecosystems.

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37

Wang, Sen, Liuyi Ding, Wanyu Liu, Jun Wang, and Yali Qian. "Effect of Plastic Mulching on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling-Related Bacterial Community Structure and Function in a Dryland Spring Maize Field." Agriculture 11, no. 11 (October 23, 2021): 1040. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111040.

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Plastic mulching, given its positive effects on temperature and water retention, has been widely used to solve water shortages and nutrient scarcity in rainfed agricultural soils. This practice affects the physical and chemical processes of soil, including carbon and nitrogen cycling. However, research into microbe-mediated carbon and nitrogen cycling in soil with plastic mulching is still limited. In this study, the structures and functions of the soil bacterial community in non-mulched spring maize, plastic-mulched spring maize, and bareland fallow in a dryland field on the Loess Plateau in China were analyzed to explore the responses of microbe-mediated carbon and nitrogen cycling to plastic mulching. Results showed that the richness of soil bacteria was the highest in bareland fallow. Plastic mulching increased the diversity and richness of soil bacteria to a certain extent (p > 0.05), and significantly increased the content of microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) (p < 0.05). Plastic mulching enhanced the total abundances of carbon and nitrogen cycling-related microbes, exhibiting a significant increase in the abundances of Cellvibrio, Bacillus, Methylobacterium and Nitrospira (p < 0.05). Predicted functional analysis revealed 299 metabolic pathways related to carbon and nitrogen cycling, including methane metabolism, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, and nitrogen metabolism. The number of gene families assigned to carbon and nitrogen cycling-related metabolic pathways was higher in plastic mulched than that in non-mulched spring maize. This study demonstrated that plastic mulching enhances the capacity of carbon and nitrogen cycling, revealing its potential in mediating greenhouse gas emissions in the dryland spring maize fields on the Loess Plateau.

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38

Liu, Ying Nan, Hong Wei Ni, Zhao Wen Zeng, and Chun Rong Chai. "Effect of Disturbance on Carbon Cycling in Wetland Ecosystem." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 3186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.3186.

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Wetland is a special terraqueous ecosystem. Wetland ecosystem is an important carbon pool in the world and the carbon stored in which accounts for 15% of the total terrestrial carbon storage. Carbon cycling in wetlands largely affected global carbon cycling and also possibly global climatic change. Carbon cycle model of wetland has been changed by human disturbance is increased which exert a profound and lasting influence upon global change. Some researches show that wetland restoration and reconstruction are helpful to carbon accumulation and GHG reduction. So, through analyze the effect of human disturbance on carbon cycling in wetland, a necessary scientific basis is provided for the study of the effect of wetland on global change.

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39

Martens, D. "Plant residue biochemistry regulates soil carbon cycling and carbon sequestration." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 32, no. 3 (March 2000): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0038-0717(99)00162-5.

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40

Mattey, D. P., T. C. Atkinson, J. A. Barker, R. Fisher, J. P. Latin, R. Durrell, and M. Ainsworth. "Carbon dioxide, ground air and carbon cycling in Gibraltar karst." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 184 (July 2016): 88–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.01.041.

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41

Pham, Hien Thi Thu, Jonghyeok Yun, So Yeun Kim, Sang A. Han, Jung Ho Kim, Jong-Won Lee, and Min-Sik Park. "Nanoarchitectonics of the cathode to improve the reversibility of Li–O₂ batteries." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 13 (July 21, 2022): 689–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.13.61.

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The strategic design of the cathode is a critical feature for high-performance and long-lasting reversibility of an energy storage system. In particular, the round-trip efficiency and cycling performance of nonaqueous lithium–oxygen batteries are governed by minimizing the discharge products, such as Li2O and Li2O2. Recently, a metal–organic framework has been directly pyrolyzed into a carbon frame with controllable pore volume and size. Furthermore, selective metallic catalysts can also be obtained by adjusting metal ions for outstanding electrochemical reactions. In this study, various bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-derived carbons were designed by varying the ratio of Zn to Co ions. Moreover, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are added to improve the electrical conductivity further, ultimately leading to better electrochemical stability in the cathode. As a result, the optimized bimetallic ZIF–carbon/CNT composite exhibits a high discharge capacity of 16,000 mAh·g−1, with a stable cycling performance of up to 137 cycles. This feature is also beneficial for lowering the overpotential of the cathode during cycling, even at the high current density of 2,000 mA·g−1.

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42

Hüger, Erwin, Chao Jin, Daniel Uxa, and Harald Schmidt. "C-Rate Capability of Ion-Beam Sputter Deposited Silicon, Carbon and Silicon/Carbon Multilayer Thin Films for Li-Ion Batteries." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 169, no. 8 (August 1, 2022): 080525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac8a79.

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Silicon is highly desired as high-energy density active Li storage material in Li-ion batteries, but usually does not withstand extended cycling. This work examines the C-rate capability up to Li plating and the long term cycling for ion-beam sputter-deposited amorphous (Si/C) × 10 multilayers (MLs) (with individual layer thicknesses between 5 and 27 nm), as well as for amorphous silicon and carbon single layers (with film thicknesses between 14 and 230 nm). Differential capacity plots were analyzed to examine the lithiation and delithiation mechanism. The silicon single-layers are stable for the first five cycles only, with a behavior of thinner films similar to supercapacitors. The carbon single layers show good cycling stability but also low capacities similar to graphite. The combination of silicon and carbon within Si/C MLs improved capacity and cycling behavior. The Li+ insertion and extraction process from the Si/C MLs is reversible and dominated by silicon. It coincides even at high currents (10C) and after hundreds of cycles with that of the thicker silicon film at its initial cycles. The MLs combine the positive property of carbon (reversible cycling) and of silicon (high capacity). Thinner carbon layers in the ML increase the silicon capacity for all cycles. The topic of irreversible Li-losses is discussed.

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43

Zhang, Rui, Haibo Li, Rui Li, Denghu Wei, Wenjun Kang, Zhicheng Ju, and Shenglin Xiong. "Boosting the potassium-ion storage performance of a carbon anode by chemically regulating oxygen-containing species." Chemical Communications 55, no. 94 (2019): 14147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc07585b.

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The oxygen-containing species in melamine foam carbons are chemically regulated. The optimized carbon anode shows an enhanced potassium-ion storage performance in terms of reversible capacity, rate capability, and long-term cycling stability.

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44

Wyatt, Kevin H., Kevin S. McCann, Allison R. Rober, and Merritt R. Turetsky. "Letter: Trophic interactions regulate peatland carbon cycling." Ecology Letters 24, no. 4 (February 7, 2021): 781–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.13697.

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45

Smith, K. L., H. A. Ruhl, B. J. Bett, D. S. M. Billett, R. S. Lampitt, and R. S. Kaufmann. "Climate, carbon cycling, and deep-ocean ecosystems." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106, no. 46 (November 9, 2009): 19211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0908322106.

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46

TAKEDA, Hiroshi. "Carbon and Nutrient Cycling in Forest Ecosystems." Kagaku To Seibutsu 35, no. 1 (1997): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/kagakutoseibutsu1962.35.26.

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47

Alongi, Daniel M. "Carbon Cycling and Storage in Mangrove Forests." Annual Review of Marine Science 6, no. 1 (January 3, 2014): 195–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135020.

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48

Voordouw, Gerrit. "Carbon Monoxide Cycling by Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 21 (November 1, 2002): 5903–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.21.5903-5911.2002.

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ABSTRACT Sulfate-reducing bacteria, like Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, use the reduction of sulfate as a sink for electrons liberated in oxidation reactions of organic substrates. The rate of the latter exceeds that of sulfate reduction at the onset of growth, causing a temporary accumulation of hydrogen and other fermentation products (the hydrogen or fermentation burst). In addition to hydrogen, D. vulgaris was found to produce significant amounts of carbon monoxide during the fermentation burst. With excess sulfate, the hyd mutant (lacking periplasmic Fe-only hydrogenase) and hmc mutant (lacking the membrane-bound, electron-transporting Hmc complex) strains produced increased amounts of hydrogen from lactate and formate compared to wild-type D. vulgaris during the fermentation burst. Both hydrogen and CO were produced from pyruvate, with the hyd mutant producing the largest transient amounts of CO. When grown with lactate and excess sulfate, the hyd mutant also exhibited a temporary pause in sulfate reduction at the start of stationary phase, resulting in production of 600 ppm of headspace hydrogen and 6,000 ppm of CO, which disappeared when sulfate reduction resumed. Cultures with an excess of the organic electron donor showed production of large amounts of hydrogen, but no CO, from lactate. Pyruvate fermentation was diverse, with the hmc mutant producing 75,000 ppm of hydrogen, the hyd mutant producing 4,000 ppm of CO, and the wild-type strain producing no significant amount of either as a fermentation end product. The wild type was most active in transient production of an organic acid intermediate, tentatively identified as fumarate, indicating increased formation of organic fermentation end products in the wild-type strain. These results suggest that alternative routes for pyruvate fermentation resulting in production of hydrogen or CO exist in D. vulgaris. The CO produced can be reoxidized through a CO dehydrogenase, the presence of which is indicated in the genome sequence.

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49

Snelgrove, Paul V. R., Karline Soetaert, Martin Solan, Simon Thrush, Chih-Lin Wei, Roberto Danovaro, Robinson W. Fulweiler, et al. "Global Carbon Cycling on a Heterogeneous Seafloor." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 33, no. 2 (February 2018): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2017.11.004.

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50

Weaver, P. P. E., K. G. Barthel, S. Batten, P. Burkhill, P. Davies, J. Huthnance, and T. van Weering. "Researchers measure carbon cycling at continental shelves." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 78, no. 43 (1997): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97eo00300.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Carbon cycling'

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