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1
Hamilton, Clifford G. "Thermo-oxidation of carbon-containing materials in fusion reactors." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ62890.pdf.
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Li, Jing. "Electrical conducting polymer nanocomposites containing graphite nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes /." View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MECH%202006%20LI.
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Fang, Xiaowen. "NMR studies of complex carbon-containing materials Maillard reaction products, soil, nanodiamond, and carbon modified TiO₂/." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
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Yang, Lei. "New materials for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells to be powered by carbon- and sulfur-containing fuels." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39575.
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Unlike polymer electrolyte fuel cells, solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have the potential to use a wide variety of fuels, including hydrocarbons and gasified coal or different types of ample carbonaceous solids. However, the conventional anode for an SOFC, a composite consisting of nickel and yttria-stabilized-zirconia (YSZ), is highly susceptible to carbon buildup (coking) and deactivation (poisoning) by contaminants commonly encountered in readily available fuels. Further, the low ionic conductivity of the electrolyte and the poor performance of the cathode at lower temperatures require SOFCs to operate at high temperatures (>800°C), thereby increasing costs and reduce system operation life. Thus, in order to make SOFCs fully fuel-flexible, cost-effective power systems, the issues of anode tolerance to coking and sulfur poisoning as well as the slow ionic conduction in the electrolyte and the sluggish kinetics at the cathode need to be addressed. In this thesis, a novel electrolyte was shown to have the highest ionic conductivity below 750°C of all known electrolyte materials for SOFCs applications, which allowed for fabrication of a thin-electrolyte cell with high power output at lower temperatures. The detailed electrochemical analyses of BZCYYb conductor revealed that the conductivities were sensitive to doping and partial pressure of oxygen, hydrogen, and water. When used in combination with Ni as a composite anode (Ni-BZCYYb), it was shown to provide excellent tolerance to coking and sulfur poisoning. Extensive investigations on surfaces of BZCYYb and Ni by Raman Spectroscopy and Scanning Auger Nanoprobe disclosed that its unique ability appears linked to the mixed conductor's enhanced catalytic activity for sulfur oxidation and hydrocarbon cracking/reforming, as well as enhanced multilayer water adsorption capability. In addition, the nanostructured oxide layers on Ni from dispersion of BZCYYb traces during high-temperature calcinations may effectively suppress the formation of carbon from dehydrogenation. Based on the fundamental understanding on surface properties, a new and simple modification strategy was developed to hinder the carbon-induced deactivation of the state-of-the-art Ni-YSZ anode. Compared to the complex Ni-BZCYYb anode, this modified Ni-YSZ anode could be readily adopted in the latest fuel cell systems based on YSZ electrolyte. The much-improved power output and tolerance to coking of the modified Ni-YSZ anode were attributed to the nanostructured BaO/Ni interfaces observed by synchrotron-based X-ray and advanced electron microscopy, which readily adsorbed water and facilitated water-mediated carbon removal reactions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations predicted that the dissociated OH from H₂O on BaO reacted with C on Ni near the BaO/Ni interface to produce CO and H species, which were then electrochemically oxidized at the triple-phase boundaries of the anode. Also, some new insights into the sulfur poisoning behavior of the Ni-YSZ anode have been revealed. The so-called "second-stage poisoning" commonly reported in the literatures can be avoided by using a new sealant, indicating that this poisoning is unlikely the inherent electrochemical behavior of a Ni-YSZ anode but associated with other complications. Furthermore, a new composite cathode with simultaneous transport of proton, oxygen vacancies and electronic defects was developed for low-temperature SOFCs based on oxide proton conductors. Compared to the conventional oxygen ion-electron conducting cathode, this cathode is very active for oxygen reduction, extending the electrochemically active sites and significantly reducing the cathodic polarization resistance. Towards the end, these findings have great potential to dramatically improve the economical competitiveness and commercial viability of SOFCs that are driven by cost-effective and renewable fuels.
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Du, Feng. "Hierarchically Structured Carbon Nanotubes for Energy Conversion and Storage." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1375459272.
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Dementev, Nikolay. "Fluorescence Labeling of Surface Species as an Efficient Tool for Detection, Identification and Quantification of Oxygen Containing Functionalities on Carbon Materials." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/113200.
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ChemistryPh.D.
1. Fluorescence labeling and quantification of oxygen-containing functionalities on the surfaces of single walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Nearly all applications of nanotubes (CNTs), from nanoelectronics to composites, require knowledge of the type and concentration of functionalities on the surface of the material. None of the methods conventionally used to characterize CNTs, such as Raman spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, provide selectivity in identification together with sensitivity in quantification. Fluorescence labeling of surface species (FLOSS) to identify and quantify oxygen containing functionalities on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) provides a solution that is reported in this dissertation. The high selectivity of covalent attachment combined with the sensitivity of the fluorescence measurements, allowed us reliably determine concentrations of aldehyde (together with ketone), alcohol, and carboxylic functional groups on as-produced and acid treated SWCNTs. The detection limit is as low as ~ 0.5 % at (1 in every 200 carbon atoms).(You never established the lower limit clearly) 2. Purification of carbon nanotubes by dynamic oxidation in air. The outstanding mechanical and electronic properties of carbon nanotubes make them promising materials for use in different areas of nanotechnology. However, the presence of impurities in as-produced nanotubes has been a major obstacle toward their industrial scale applications. Amorphous and graphitic carbon, and catalytic metal particles are the major impurities in raw carbon nanotubes. Isothermal oxidation of as-produced carbon nanotubes, followed by acid treatment, is the most commonly used purification strategy. The thermal oxidation step eliminates carbonaceous impurities and the acid treatment decreases the metal content. Unfortunately, most of the existing oxidation procedures either do not destroy all carbonaceous impurities or partially destroy carbon nanotubes as well. In the dissertation, a novel purification protocol via dynamic oxidation of as-produced single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) is reported. In the new procedure, carbon nanotubes are exposed to a wide range of temperatures during the heating ramp. The results of the purification of arc-produced and laser vaporization grown SWCNT using dynamic oxidation are presented. Purity analysis of dynamically oxidized samples by UV-VIS-NIR and Raman spectroscopy, as well as transmission electron microscopy, explicitly demonstrate that dynamic oxidation enables obtaining undamaged carbon nanotubes almost free of carbonaceous impurities. 3. Surfactant- free method of solubilization of non-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes in common solvents. One of the major factors that hamper the extensive use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in large-scale applications are related to the poor purity of CNTs, and the weak dispersibility of CNTs in the most common solvents. The presence of substantial impurities (sometimes up to 80% wt.) in as-produced CNTs almost obliterates the unique properties of the material. Furthermore, the difficulties with solubilization of CNTs slow down the processability of the material in potential applications. A new one-step method of making pure single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) via the sequence of sonication cycles is described in the dissertation. Hours long stable solutions of SWCNTs in acetone, methanol and isopropanol of concentrations as high as ~ 15 mg/L were prepared using the procedure. The results of UV-VIS-NIR, Raman and Transmission Electron Microscopy suggest that SWCNTs were not destroyed or damaged by purification and solubilization processes. A possible physico-chemical explanation of the solublization mechanism is discussed.
Temple University--Theses
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Johansson, Ingrid, and Walter Deltin. "Utilization of Pulp and Paper Waste Products in the Metal Industry : Initial testing of carbon-containing waste material briquettes." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231792.
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Today, a huge part of waste products from pulp and paper industries ends up in landfill which is both economically and environmentally adversely. This report examines the possibilities of using those products as a slag foamer and fuel in different furnaces in the metal industry. The waste products contain valuable elements, especially carbon. Therefore, there is an increased interest in finding possible use for the waste products in the metal industry. The reuse would contribute to preservation of energy as fossil fuel can be replaced. In the report, two waste materials called mixed biosludge and fiber reject are examined. The experiments are performed with the waste products pressed together with a base material and cement forming a briquette. The requirements examined are strength needed for both transportation and use in furnaces and ability to create a foaming slag. The results in strength were ambiguous, no waste material based briquettes met the set criteria. As of now, the briquettes are probably not strong enough to be transported. No foaming occurred during the experiment, but only one experiment was performed. Therefore, further experiments are needed before any conclusions can be drawn. The briquettes can possibly replace coke and coal in applications where strength is not as important. Nevertheless, it is uncertain if the briquettes affect the steel quality.Idag läggs en stor del av restprodukter från pappers och massaindustrin på deponi, vilket innebär såväl ekonomiska som miljömässiga nackdelar. Den här rapporten undersöker möjligheterna att använda dessa restprodukter som slaggskummare och bränsle i de olika ugnarna inom metallindustrin. Restprodukterna innehåller värdefulla ämnen, framförallt kol. Därför finns det ett ökat intresse för att hitta möjliga användningsområden för restprodukterna inom metallindustrin. Denna återanvändning skulle bidra till energibevarande eftersom fossila bränslen kan ersättas. I den här rapporten undersöks två restmaterial, blandat biologiskt slam och fiberavfall. Experimenten utfördes med dessa restprodukter pressade samman med ett basmaterial och cement till en brikett. Kraven som undersöks är styrka för både transport och användning i ugnarna samt förmågan att skumma en slagg. Resultaten för briketternas styrka var tvetydiga, inga av briketterna innehållande restprodukter satisfierade det uppsatta kriteriet. Styrkan är troligtvis för låg för att transport ska vara möjlig. Ingen skumning skedde under experimentet, men endast ett experiment genomfördes. Därför behöver ytterligare experiment genomföras innan några slutsatser kan dras. Men briketterna tros kunna ersätta koks och kol där styrkan inte är viktig. Men det är osäkert om briketterna påverkar stålkvaliteten.
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wickramaratne, nilantha P. "Phenolic Resin-Based Porous Carbons for Adsorption and Energy Storage Applications." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1416224723.
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Kitschke, Philipp. "Experimental and theoretical studies on germanium-containing precursors for twin polymerization." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-205443.
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Im Fokus dieser Arbeit standen zwei Ziele. Zum einem war es Forschungsgegenstand, dass Konzept der Zwillingspolymerisation auf germaniumhaltige, molekulare Vorstufen wie zum Beispiel Germylene, spirozyklische Germaniumverbindungen und molekulare Germanate zu erweitern und somit organisch-anorganische Komposite beziehungsweise Hybridmaterialien darzustellen. Dazu wurden neuartige Germaniumalkoxide auf der Basis von Benzylalkoholaten, Salicylalkoholaten sowie Benzylthiolaten synthetisiert, charakterisiert und auf ihre Fähigkeit Komposite beziehungsweise Hybridmaterialien über den Prozess der Zwillingspolymerisation zu erhalten studiert.
Ein zweites Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, Beziehungen zwischen der Struktur und der Reaktivität dieser molekularen Vorstufen sowie deren Einfluss auf die Eigenschaften der erhaltenen Polymerisationsprodukte zu identifizieren und systematisch zu untersuchen. Hierfür wurden zum einen verschiedene Substituenten, welche unterschiedliche elektronische sowie sterische Eigenschaften aufweisen, an den aromatischen Einheiten der molekularen Vorstufen eingeführt. Die Effekte der Substituenten auf den Prozess der Zwillingspolymerisation und auf die Eigenschaften der Komposite beziehungsweise Hybridmaterialien wurden für die Verbindungsklasse der Germanium(II)salicylalkoholate, der molekularen Germanate sowie der spiro-zyklischen Siliziumsalicylalkoholate untersucht. Spirozyklische Siliziumsalicylalkoholate, wie zum Beispiel 4H,4’H-2,2‘-Spirobi[benzo[d][1,3,2]dioxasilin], wurden im Rahmen dieser Arbeit mit einbezogen, da sie aufgrund ihres nahezu idealen Zwillingspolymerisationsprozesses geeignete Modelverbindungen für Reaktivitätsstudien darstellen. Zudem wurde der Einfluss der Substituenten auf die Charakteristika der aus den Kompositen beziehungsweise Hybridmaterialien erhaltenen Folgeprodukte (poröse Kohlenstoffmaterialien und oxydische Materialien) studiert. Des Weiteren wurde eine Serie von spirozyklischen Germaniumthiolaten, welche isostrukturell zu 4H,4’H-2,2‘-Spirobi[benzo[d][1,3,2]dioxasilin] sind, synthetisiert, um systematisch den Einfluss der Chalkogenide, Sauerstoff und Schwefel, in benzylständiger sowie phenylständiger Position auf deren Reaktionsvermögen im Polymerisationsprozess zu untersuchen.
Die experimentellen Ergebnisse zu den Struktur-Reaktivitätsbeziehungsstudien wurden, soweit es jeweils durchführbar war, mittels quantenchemische Rechnungen validiert und die daraus gezogenen Schlüsse in die Diskussion zur Interpretation der experimentellen Ergebnisse mit einbezogen.
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Миронов, Антон Миколайович. "Теоретичні та експериментальні дослідження теплообмінних процесів термічного розкладу вуглецевмісної сировини в удосконаленому піролітичному апараті." Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2017. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/32644.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.17.08 – процеси та обладнання хімічної технології. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут" Міністерства освіти і науки України, Харків, 2017 р.
Дисертацію присвячено вивченню теплових процесів, які відбуваються у апаратах піролізу вуглецевмісної сировини, задля вдосконалення конструкції основного та допоміжного обладнання установок для вуглевипалювання. Розглянуто існуючий попит на деревне вугілля як один з альтернативних енергетичних ресурсів сучасності. Досліджено актуальність тематики для розвинених країн світу та України зокрема. Проведено мікроскопічне дослідження структурної будови деревини п'яти порід. Досліджено кінетику сушки сировини із різним рівнем початкової вологості. Побудовано енергетичні криві сушки і аналітично оцінено можливу економію первинного палива на цій стадії виробничого циклу. Розроблено експериментальну установку для визначення коефіцієнту тепло-провідності деревини, яка враховує не тільки нелінійність зміни коефіцієнта теплопровідності деревини з підвищенням температури до 600°С, а й анізотропію теплопровідних властивостей матеріалу. Запропоновано спосіб ідентифікації коефіцієнта теплопровідності деревини, який базується на розробленій експериментальній установці. Для визначення коефіцієнту теплопровідності деревини за результатами теплофізичного експерименту вирішено зворотну задачу теплопровідності. Виявлено неефективність теплової ізоляції на зовнішніх поверхнях елементів конструкції існуючої установки. Запропоновано нові заходи ізолювання для зменшення теплових втрат до навколишнього середовища. Запропоновано новий принцип закладання дерев'яних полін з урахуваннях геометрії сировини та вагонетки. Вдосконалено конструкцію вагонетки таким чином, що максимізувати корисний вплив усіх теплових потоків, які циркулюють у апараті.Thesis for granting the Degree of Candidate of Technical sciences in specialty 05.17.08 – processes and equipment of chemical technology. – National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" of Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 2017. The thesis is dedicated to the study of thermal processes taking place in pyrolysis apparatus of carbon-containing materials, to improve the design of the main and auxiliary equipment for charcoal burning installations. The existing demand for charcoal as one of the alternative energy resources of the present days is considered. The urgency of the subject for the developed countries of the world and Ukraine, in particular, has been explored. A microscopic study of the structure for five woods breeds is conducted. The kinetics of the raw materials drying process with a different level of initial moisture is studied. The energy curves of the drying process are constructed and the possible saving of primary fuel for this stage of production cycle is analytically estimated. An experimental installation for determining the thermal conductivity coefficient of wood, which takes into account not only the nonlinearity of the wood thermal conductivity change with temperature increasing up to 600°C, but also the anisotropy of material thermal conductive properties is developed. The method of wood thermal conductivity coefficient identifying, based on the developed experimental installation, is proposed. For the identification of the wood thermal conductivity coefficient, the inverse heat conduction problem is solved by the results of the thermophysical experiment. The inefficiency of the existing pyrolysis unit thermal insulation is identified. New measures of isolation that helps to reduce heat losses into the environment are proposed. A new methodology for wooden logs loading, taking into account the geometry of raw materials and trolleys, is proposed. The construction of the trolley is modernized in a way to maximize the effect of all heat flows that circulate in the apparatus.
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Миронов, Антон Миколайович. "Теоретичні та експериментальні дослідження теплообмінних процесів термічного розкладу вуглецевмісної сировини в удосконаленому піролітичному апараті." Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2017. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/32639.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.17.08 – процеси та обладнання хімічної технології. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут" Міністерства освіти і науки України, Харків, 2017 р.
Дисертацію присвячено вивченню теплових процесів, які відбуваються у апаратах піролізу вуглецевмісної сировини, задля вдосконалення конструкції основного та допоміжного обладнання установок для вуглевипалювання. Розглянуто існуючий попит на деревне вугілля як один з альтернативних енергетичних ресурсів сучасності. Досліджено актуальність тематики для розвинених країн світу та України зокрема. Проведено мікроскопічне дослідження структурної будови деревини п'яти порід. Досліджено кінетику сушки сировини із різним рівнем початкової вологості. Побудовано енергетичні криві сушки і аналітично оцінено можливу економію первинного палива на цій стадії виробничого циклу. Розроблено експериментальну установку для визначення коефіцієнту тепло-провідності деревини, яка враховує не тільки нелінійність зміни коефіцієнта теплопровідності деревини з підвищенням температури до 600°С, а й анізотропію теплопровідних властивостей матеріалу. Запропоновано спосіб ідентифікації коефіцієнта теплопровідності деревини, який базується на розробленій експериментальній установці. Для визначення коефіцієнту теплопровідності деревини за результатами теплофізичного експерименту вирішено зворотну задачу теплопровідності. Виявлено неефективність теплової ізоляції на зовнішніх поверхнях елементів конструкції існуючої установки. Запропоновано нові заходи ізолювання для зменшення теплових втрат до навколишнього середовища. Запропоновано новий принцип закладання дерев'яних полін з урахуваннях геометрії сировини та вагонетки. Вдосконалено конструкцію вагонетки таким чином, що максимізувати корисний вплив усіх теплових потоків, які циркулюють у апараті.Thesis for granting the Degree of Candidate of Technical sciences in specialty 05.17.08 – processes and equipment of chemical technology. – National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" of Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv, 2017. The thesis is dedicated to the study of thermal processes taking place in pyrolysis apparatus of carbon-containing materials, to improve the design of the main and auxiliary equipment for charcoal burning installations. The existing demand for charcoal as one of the alternative energy resources of the present days is considered. The urgency of the subject for the developed countries of the world and Ukraine, in particular, has been explored. A microscopic study of the structure for five woods breeds is conducted. The kinetics of the raw materials drying process with a different level of initial moisture is studied. The energy curves of the drying process are constructed and the possible saving of primary fuel for this stage of production cycle is analytically estimated. An experimental installation for determining the thermal conductivity coefficient of wood, which takes into account not only the nonlinearity of the wood thermal conductivity change with temperature increasing up to 600°C, but also the anisotropy of material thermal conductive properties is developed. The method of wood thermal conductivity coefficient identifying, based on the developed experimental installation, is proposed. For the identification of the wood thermal conductivity coefficient, the inverse heat conduction problem is solved by the results of the thermophysical experiment. The inefficiency of the existing pyrolysis unit thermal insulation is identified. New measures of isolation that helps to reduce heat losses into the environment are proposed. A new methodology for wooden logs loading, taking into account the geometry of raw materials and trolleys, is proposed. The construction of the trolley is modernized in a way to maximize the effect of all heat flows that circulate in the apparatus.
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Atbayga, Abdalla Mohammed Ali. "In vitro anti-bacterial activity of titanium oxide nano-composites containing benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine gluconate." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1460.
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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Biomedical Technology
In the Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences
At Cape Peninsula University of Technology
2013Newly developed and commercial dental resins which are commonly used nowadays have to be tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of a titanium oxide (TiO2) nano-composite which was prepared with different antibacterial substances and used as restoratives in dentistry to combat certain selected bacteria that are considered the principle causes of some tooth diseases, for example, tooth decay and to prevent unsuccessful dental restoration. The TiO2 nano-composite was prepared and divided into four groups: The first group was an untreated TiO2 nano-composite. The second group was silane-treated TiO2 nano-composite. The third group was treated TiO2 nano-composite which was combined with chlorhexidine gluconate (CHxG). The fourth group was treated TiO2 nano-composite which was combined with benzalkonium chloride (BzCl). Five of the selected bacteria were grown overnight in Petri dishes. Four of them, namely, Escherichia coli (E. coli) ATCC 11775, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) ATCC 12600, Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) ATCC 29212, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) ATCC 10145, were grown on Müller-Hinton Agar (MHA). Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) ATCC 25175 was grown on Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) agar. All these bacteria were tested against the TiO2 nano-composite, and incubated for 24 hours at 37°C, except S. mutans, which was incubated separately and exposed to CO2. It was placed into a CO2 water-jacketed incubator in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 for 24 hours at 37°C. The obtained results showed that neither of the groups of TiO2 nano-composites, (untreated TiO2 nano-composite and treated TiO2 nano-composite) exhibited antimicrobial activity against the pathogens. Only preparations of TiO2 nano-composites at a concentration of 3 %m/m of both CHxG and BzCl showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. Antimicrobial activity against S. mutans, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, E. faecalis and S. aureus, were only realized at a concentration of 10 %m/m for both CHxG and BzCl..
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Tong, Wai-yip, and 唐煒燁. "Luminescent platinum(II) complexes containing dianionic tetradentate ligands having mixed oxygen, nitrogen and carbon donor atoms and platinum(II)-containing phosphorescent polymers : synthesis, photophysical properties and material applications." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/198829.
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Al-Nasri, Salam Khudhair Abdullah. "Treatment of wastewater containing cobalt (Co-59) and strontium (Sr-89) as a model to remove radioactive Co-60 and Sr-90 using hierarchical structures incorporating zeolites." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/treatment-of-wastewater-containing-cobalt-co59-and-strontium-sr89-as-a-model-to-remove-radioactive-co60-and-sr90-using-hierarchical-structures-incorporating-zeolitesa(ff5cff3e-1366-4a35-9b15-0246811d6ad1).html.
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Zeolites were used in this study to remove two types of non-radioactive ions (Cobalt-59 and Strontium-89) from wastewater. This was designed to model the use of ion-exchange technique to remove radioactive Co-60 and Sr-90 from low level wastewater from Al-Tuwaitha site. Al-Tuwaitha site is a nuclear research in Iraq was used for radio-medical and radio-chemical purposes before 1990. In this study, hierarchical microporous/macroporous structures were developed to overcome the diffusivity problem using zeolite. Diatomite and carbon were used to prepare the composite adsorbents by incorporating them with three types of zeolites (A, Y and clinoptilolite). From the XRD, SEM and EDAX measurement it was confirmed that successfully prepared of Iraqi palm tree leafs-Clinoptlolite (IPClinp) and Tamarind stones-Clinoptilolite (TSClinp) composites were obtained in this study as there is no evidence in literature of this being carried out before. The carbons were prepared successfully through the Pyrolysis method for 2h at 900°C in an inert atmosphere from two types of raw waste plant materials of Iraqi Palm Tree leafs (IP) and Tamarind stones (TS). For both types of carbons, the SEM images show organised porosities in different shapes. A third material used as a zeolite scaffold was diatomite (Celatom FW-14) a readily available natural material (dead algae).A hydrothermal treatment was used to build the hierarchical structure of zeolite onto carbon and diatomite materials, the scaffolds were seeded with nano-zeolite crystals prior to the treatment and thereafter mixed with the zeolite gel composition mixture in a stainless steel autoclave. Zeolite seeds were prepared using ball mill method to reduce the particle size of the commercial zeolite to sub-micron range for each type of zeolite. The surface area, morphology, element compositions and structure for each type of zeolite and composite material were characterised using BET method, SEM, EDAX and XRD. The amounts of each type of zeolite on the carbon composites were determined using TGA while that of the diatomite composite was determined by gravimetric analysis. The results show that each type of zeolite was successfully deposited and uniformly organised onto the surface of all support materials. All pure zeolites and composite materials were successfully tested to remove Co2+ and Sr2+ ions from aqueous solutions. It was found that the composite materials had higher ability to remove both ions relative to the pure zeolites. This increase is attributed to the deposition of zeolite (microporous) onto the macroporous structure (carbon and diatomite) which increased the flow accessibility within zeolite in the hierarchical structured composites. Comparison of the removal between the two metal ions indicates that all of the materials had higher uptake for Sr2+ than Co2+ ions. The highest adsorption capacities were realised with Tamarind Stone–ZeoliteA (TSA) in the order 120mg.gz-1and 290mg.gz-1 for Co2+ and Sr2+ ions, respectively. The effect of the experimental variables shows increasing uptake with increasing pH and initial ion concentrations while it decreased with increasing the solution temperature. The Co2+ loaded composites was subjected to vitrification process at 12000C for 2h. The encapsulated composites were leached for 90 and 120 days and no significant Co2+ was recorded in the leached solution. The results show that the composite materials can be used effectively to remove the radioactive ion of Co-60 and Sr-90 ion as they display the same chemical behaviour as Co-59 and Sr-89 studied in this work.
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Ribeiro, Enrique. "Composites Charbon-Actif/TiO2 pour des applications solaires Activated-Carbon/TiO2 composites preparation: An original grafting by milling approach for solar water treatment applications TiO2 grafted Activated Carbon elaboration by milling: composition effect on sorption and photocatalytic properties Experimental and theoretical coupled approaches for the analysis of radiative transfer in photoreactors containing particulate media : case study of TiO2 powders for photocatalytic reactions AC/TiO2 granular photocatalysts optical properties : material composition effect on the radiative transfer in a photoreactor." Thesis, Perpignan, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PERP0016.
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L'utilisation de composites possédant une double fonctionnalité adsorption/photo-oxydation est une solution d'intérêt majeur pour traiter les polluants bio-récalcitrants contenus dans les eaux usées, par voie à partir d’énergie solaire. Cette étude propose la mise en œuvre de composites associant charbon actif (CA) et dioxyde de titane (TiO2) par une méthode originale de préparation, la mécanosynthèse. La faisabilité de la préparation de composites CA/TiO2 par mécanosynthèse a d'abord fait l'objet d'un travail d'investigation permettant sa validation. Cette première étape a permis de montrer la pertinence de la méthode pour l'élaboration de composites CA/TiO2 sous forme pulvérulente qui ont des propriétés structurales homogènes et maîtrisées et possèdent les propriétés fonctionnelles de photo-oxydation et de sorption recherchées. Dans un second temps, ces travaux montrent l'adaptabilité de la méthode pour la fabrication de composites CA/TiO2 de composition et donc de propriétés modulables en fonction de l'application de traitement de l'eau ciblée. Les propriétés radiatives de ces matériaux – qu'il est primordial de connaître pour envisager leur intégration au sein d'un photoréacteur – ont été déterminées par une approche théorique couplée à des mesures expérimentales. Il a ainsi pu être possible dans un dernier temps de modéliser et de simuler le transfert radiatif au sein d'un photoréacteur de géométrie simple contenant ces matériauxThe use of bifunctional adsorbent/photocatalyst composite is a solution of great interest for the solar removal of persistent pollutants from wastewaters. This work investigates the mechanosynthesis as an original approach for the preparation of Activated-Carbon/TiO2 composites . First, the feasibility of the preparation approach was validated. The method appeared relevant to produce homogeneous AC/TiO2 granular composites with controlled structural properties. The control of the preparation parameters led to both AC and TiO2 sorption and photo-oxidation functional properties preservation within the composite structure. Secondly, the preparation method ability in creating compositionally-varied AC/TiO2 composites, exhibiting different functional properties. This second part allowed us to show the adaptability of the AC/TiO2 preparation for a wide range of water treatment applications. The radiative properties of these materials - which are essential to know in order to consider their integration within a photoreactor - have been determined by a theoretical approach coupled with experimental measurements. It was thus possible to model and simulate the radiative transfer within a simple geometry photoreactor containing these materials
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Chen, Hao-Yuan, and 陳灝元. "Preparation and Characterization of Nitrogen Containing mesoporous carbon materials." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31157518170727003990.
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碩士國立中興大學
化學系所
100
In this study, we use melamine/formaldehyde resin as the carbon precursor; commercial fumed silica as support or hard-template via carbonization composites and removal of silica to prepare mesoporous carbon and change the experimental parameters to investigate formation process and optimization. By changing the particle size of the silica(7nm, 14nm, 20nm), the proportion of silica(25%, 33%, 50%, 60%), carbonization temperature(600℃, 700℃, 800℃, 900℃, 1000℃) and pH value(4.5, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0）we found that the formation of mesoporous carbon surface properties is not the same. The experimental results show that 7nm and 14nm in the change of the ratio of silica will affect pore size distribution of mesoporous carbon: 25% and 33% are bimodal porosity（~3nm&18nm）and 50%, 60% are single pore（~3nm）. At lower carbonization temperatures, composites will become flakes and poor-porosity carbon material, there will be a large number of pore structure until the temperature is more than 800℃, 900℃ is the best temperature. Changing the pH of solution also has a huge effect on specific surface area of carbon, the changes is up to 500m2g-1. The highest specific surface area of the experimental conditions for 7nm 33% 900℃ pH~4 is 1345m2g-1. Moreover, we prepared mesoporous carbon by the high nitrogen content of melamine as carbon precursor, so they doped a large number of nitrogen atoms. Nitrogen atoms in the mesopurous carbon material in the literature as a active sites for catalytic fuel cell cathode oxygen reduction reaction, so we look forward to its highly application and development in the future. In this study, we used of nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm to measure the carbon surface area, pore size distribution and pore volume, transmission electron microscopy to observe the actual morphology of the carbon material, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to know nitrogen content and we also used Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction to investigate the degree of graphitization of the carbon materials.
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Lin, E. H>, and 林昱宏. "Study of microsture and properties of carbon-containing friction materials." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53954274992311532920.
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碩士國立成功大學
材料科學(工程)學系
86
Study on friction materials are emphaasis on the samplesthat have the same composition but that do different heat treatment. Then we test the frictiomaterials, measuring the friction coefficent and the amount of weight afterwearing. After we test the friction materials, we can get that the heat treatment for temperature T2, T3, T4 has appropriate friction coefficent.But, the temperature for heat treatment do not influence the wearing amounton friction materials. And different temperature for heat treatment is also influence the hardness.
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Wu-ChiehWang and 王武傑. "Molecular dynamics simulation of composite materials containing carbon nanotubes and graphene." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6573dg.
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Chang, Hui Lin, and 張惠林. "Synthesis and Characterization of Si, N Containing Carbon-Based Crystals and Their Nanostructured Materials." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58989703576347823009.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立交通大學
材料科學與工程系
90
Syntheses of carbon-based materials have been developing for many decades in both academic and industrial communities, such as, man-made diamonds, superhard C3N4 materials, Si-C-N crystals and other carbon-based nanostructured materials. However, researches so far have not successfully linked the growth mechanisms of various carbon-based materials deposited by different synthetic conditions and methods. In fact, a single machine could synthesize many of such materials. This dissertation aimed to study the linkages among various carbon-based materials synthesized on Si wafers under the same microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) system, including Si-C-N crystalline films, Si-C-N nanotubes, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), conical carbon nanorods and other nanostructured materials. The process parameters can be divided into three groups according to the structures of the synthesized materials, i.e. Si-C-N crystalline films, nanotubes and other nanostructures. The main parameters include CH4/N2 gases, buffer layer application, additional Si source and its application timing for Si-C-N crystalline films; CH4/N2/H2 gases, catalyst application, additional Si source for Si-C-N nanotubes; CH4, N2, H2 gases and catalyst application for carbon nanotubes and carbon nanorods, as shown in a process abstract roadmap or figure, (page ix). With regard to the synthesis of Si-C-N film, three conditions, namely conditions 1, 2 and 3 were compared. Under condition 1 (route j in abstract figure), the results reveal that formation and properties of Si-C-N films can be manipulated by applying seven different buffer layers. Conditions 2 and 3 (route k in abstract figure), it depicts that application timing of the additional solid source (Co-coated Si columns) can be used to vary the compositions, morphologies, structures and properties of Si-C-N films. Under condition 2, the solid sources were applied “before” film deposition. This condition applies the solid source to the substrate by H2 pretreatment. Under condition 3, the solid sources were applied both “before and during” film deposition. By comparing the conditions of forming catalyst-assisted Si-C-N nanotubes with forming Si-C-N films (routes l and j in abstract figure), the formation of the tubular structure may be related to introduction of H2 gas during tubular deposition, which may delay the action of the so-called catalyst poisoning and keep the tube end open during growth. Other nanostructured materials, e.g. catalyst-assisted CNTs and carbon nano-rods, were successfully synthesized on patterned and un-patterned Si wafers (routes m, n, o in abstract figure) by varying process parameters including catalyst materials, source gases, gas ratios, interlayers and deposition temperatures. The CNTs could be selectively deposited on the patterned wafers, including: (a) parallel Fe-coated line arrays, and (b) CoSix-coated hole arrays. This is a novel method that is compatible with Si microelectronic device manufacturing. Besides, many of the vertically-grown, dense MWCNTs are found to protrude from a single catalyst particle. This is believed to be associated with the lower temperatures in H2 reduction and CNTs deposition stages. The result also offers a different perspective on growth mechanism of the catalyst-assisted MWCNTs. Regard to the linkages of forming various kinds of carbon-based crystals and nanostructured materials, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) The additional solid Si sources mainly contribute the Si component of Si-C-N crystals and nanotubes. Although some Si could be derived from the Si substrate, the solid Si columns ionized by plasma are highly active to participate in the reaction. (2) The nano-sized catalysts promote the formations of tubular or rod morphology. The catalytic functions of the process environments without H2 gas differ from those with H2 gas. The catalysts are suggested to provide nucleation sites for Si-C-N crystal nucleation, and effectively reduce the energy of formation in the initial stage. The catalytic function is lost when the growing film covers the catalytic particle. In contrast, the role of the catalyst in forming Si-C-N tubes is similar to that described in the vapor-liquid-solid model. The tube grows by precipitating of graphite sheets from a super-saturated catalytic droplet. The formation of a curved graphite basal plane is energetically favorable, and so the tubular structure is formed. (3) The CH4/H2 ratio influences the formation of tubular and crystalline structures. A high CH4/H2 ratio favors the formation of C-sp2 bonding (graphite structure), whereas, a low CH4/H2 ratio favors the formation of C-sp3 bonding (diamond structure). Therefore, carbon atoms surround and precipitate from catalysts with different CH4/H2 ratios form hollow tubes or solid nano-rods. (4) N2 gas gives rise to bamboo-like CNTs. Introducing N atoms into the carbon nanotube structure may induce distortion; change the bonding to that of pentagonal, heptagonal or other crystal lattices, and increase bending stress. Analysis results indicate that the nanohardness of Si-C-N crystals ranges from 30 GPa ~ 57 GPa; the energy gap ranges from 3.76 eV ~ 3.95 eV. The field emission results show that carbon-based crystals that contain Si and N, and their nanostructured materials exhibit good field emission properties. The emission currents of Si-C-N nanotubes or CNTs are at least one order of magnitude more than those of Si-C-N crystals at specific electric field intensity. At an electric field of 10 V/mm, the emission current of nanostructured materials is > 0.03 A/cm2 and of Si-C-N crystal is 0.0025 A/cm2. The carbon-based materials that contained Si and N, and the corresponding nanostructured materials are promising candidates for field emission applications.
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Chen, En, and 陳. 恩. "Synthesis of Copper-Containing Nitrogen-Doped Mesoporous Carbon Materials for Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Reduction Reaction." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/492j9m.
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Tumuluri, Kalpana. "Thermal Performance of a Novel Heat Transfer Fluid Containing Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-7686.
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The present research work aims to develop a new heat transfer fluid by combining multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and microencapsulated phase change materials (MPCMs). Stable nanofluids have been prepared using different sizes of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and their properties like thermal conductivity and viscosity have been measured. Microencapsulated phase change material slurries containing microcapsules of octadecane have been purchased from Thies Technology Inc. Tests have been conducted to determine the durability and viscosity of the MPCM slurries. Heat transfer experiments have been conducted to determine the heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop of the MWCNT nanofluids and MPCM slurries under turbulent flow and constant heat flux conditions.
The MPCM slurry and the MWCNT nanofluid have been combined to form a new heat transfer fluid. Heat transfer tests have been conducted to determine the heat transfer coefficient and the pressure drop of the new fluid under turbulent flow and constant heat flux conditions. The potential use of this fluid in convective heat transfer applications has also been discussed.
The heat transfer results of the MPCM slurry containing octadecane microcapsules was in good agreement with the published literature. The thermal conductivity enhancement obtained for MWCNTs with diameter (60-100 nm) and length (0.5-40?m) was 8.11%. The maximum percentage enhancement (compared to water) obtained in the heat transfer coefficient of the MWCNT nanofluid was in the range of 20-25%. The blend of MPCMs and MWCNTs was highly viscous and displayed a shear thinning behavior. Due to its high viscosity, the flow became laminar and the heat transfer performance was lowered. It was interesting to observe that the value of the maximum local heat transfer coefficient achieved in the case of the blend (laminar flow), was comparable to that obtained in the case of the MPCM slurry (turbulent flow). The pressure drop of the blend was lower than that of the MWCNT nanofluid.
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Wu, Jin-Yu, and 吳錦裕. "Properties and processes of superhard wide-band -gap carbon-based novel optoelectronic materials containing N and Si." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40355067317113614374.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立交通大學
材料科學與工程系
90
It was proposed that the crystalline carbon-based materials containing N or Si may possess many unique properties, such as, highest hardness, wide-band-gap and chemical inertness, but there are no successful methods to be able to synthesize the bulk new crystalline materials containing binary C、N or ternary Si、C、N to measure their properties. Furthermore, One of the hottest topics at present is on carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are also one of the carbon-based materials. In this study, it was intended to clarify the main process parameters to fabricate various carbon-based materials including various binary and ternary crystalline materials. This study can be roughly divided into four parts. The first part was to compare the advantages and drawbacks of three typical commercial methods to fabricate the diamond thick films. The results show that the DC arc method possesses highest growth rate and the highest residual compressive stress in the deposited films. The MPCVD and HFCVD methods can deposit the transparent films, where the transparency of the films can be improved by diminishing the non-diamond content in the films. The HFCVD-synthesized films possess the lowest compressive residual stress, and the MPCVD-synthesized films the smallest surface roughness. The differences in properties for different deposition methods are related to deposition temperature and species in plasma. The second part was to use ion beam sputtering method with two different bio-molecular materials as targets, which possess the same sp3 bonding structure as the proposed structure of carbon nitrides. It was intended to partly duplicate the bonding structure from the target material to the deposited films to minimize the required activation energy. The results indicate that the idea is feasible, and the deposited films contain enough amounts of crystalline phases to be detected by XRD (high peak at d= 0.3276 nm (2q= 27.20°)), and the higher N/C ratio (= 0.5) than the reported values (0.2 ~ 0.35) in the literature. The film structures and properties seem to be independent of the substrate materials (B-doped Si(100) wafer, Si(111) wafer, AISI 300 stainless steel, Cu, Ag, Co and Ni). The results imply that manipulation of chemical bonding information by changing different target materials and deposition conditions can be an effective key to explore the formation mechanisms of crystalline carbon nitrides. The third part was to synthesize Si-C-N films by ECR-PVD under -50 V substrate bias and with CH4 and N2 (CH4/N2= 1/4 or 1/8 sccm/sccm) as source gases. The results indicate that the deposited films are amorphous Si-C-N with no Si-N bonding, and the films with O% > 20 at. % have no field emission. The nano-hardness of the films can go up to 39 GPa. Films possess C=N, CºN, and Si-C chemical bonding in FTIR spectrum. Under higher target bias voltage, higher deposition temperature, lower base pressure and lower oxygen %, the films possess higher hardness. The lowest turn-on field intensity is 12 V/mm at threshold field 1 mA/cm2 and maximum current density is 2.8 mA/cm2. The fourth part was to synthesize the carbon-based materials by MPCVD, adding additional Si solid source and using eight different buffer layers and pretreatments. The different stages of the deposited films were examined by TEM. The results show that the structures and compositions are different at different growth stages. The sequence of coating materials on the substrate in order of layers from the substrate surface is SiO2 (~ 100 nm)/ polycrystalline Si-C-N (~ 100 nm) / (a-, b- and t-Si3N4 crystals) (2 mm) / a-C film. The Si3N4 crystal formation in the films is in agreement with the Si3N4 scratching pretreatment to enhance its nucleation density. The results also explain that the false conclusion from merely examining the film surface instead of the cross section is often drawn in the literature. Effect of adding 8 at. % H2 in the source gases can cause a decrease in crystal size and growth rate, as indicated also in the literature for diamond synthesis. Effect of buffer layers is essentially to shift the wave number to the lower side, i.e. to increase the band-gap of the films. In other words, the buffer layer application can be manipulated to tune the band-gap and field emission properties of the films, where the SiC buffer gives the best field emission properties (6.3 mA/cm2 at 20 V/mm).
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HE, TING-WEI, and 何亭葦. "The Investigation of Capture Ability and Electrochemical Activity with Various Platinum Nanoparticle Sizes over Different Nitrogen-Containing Polymers Modified Carbon Materials." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42751737991264318492.
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碩士東吳大學
化學系
105
In this thesis, using platinum metals with high electrochemical activity deposited on carbon supports as an electrode catalyst for fuel cell. Various sizes of Pt nanoparticles were prepared with H2PtCl6‧6H2O at different concentrations . Then, four different nitrogen-containing organic polymers were used to modify the surface of carbon materials, because nitrogen and oxygen atoms in the structure were provided with lone pair electrons that can capture Pt nanoparticles and maintanin on carbon supports. The series of catalysts were synthesized with different nitrogen-containing polymers and discussed the structure of nitrogen-containing polymers could affect the ability to capture platinum nanoparticles. The electrochemical activity for of different Pt nanoparticle sizes, the structure of the nitrogen-containing polymers, the loading of the platinum particles. How is investigated in this thesis the different nitrogen-containing polymers, metal loadings and particles size were affected the electrochemical activity. Thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Powder X-ray diffraction and cyclic voltammetry were used to analyze polymer loadings, metal loadings, particles size,particle dispersion, metal oxidation states and electrochemical activity of different samples. The experimental results show that the capture capacity of different nitrogen-containing polymers is change with different Pt particles size. The capture capacity of N-Vinylformamide (M4) is the best in all nitrogencontaining organic polymers, in addition to the platinum nanoparticles can be effectively distributed on the carbon supports, the structure of M4 indead affect the electrochemical activity. In this series, the electrochemical activity of C-M4-PT-C1 is best.
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Umasankar, Yogeswaran, and U. YOGESWARAN. "Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Containing Composite Material Modified Electrodes for Electrochemical Sensor and Biosensor Applications." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8nu742.
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博士國立臺北科技大學
工程科技研究所
97
Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) is a promising active sensing material used in electrochemical sensors and biosensors, which has the characteristics of low weight of extraordinary mechanical, electrical, thermal and multifunctional properties. The size scale, aspect ratio and properties of MWCNTs provide advantages in various aspects of sensor’s functionalities. However, next generation sensor platforms will require significant improvements in sensitivity, specificity and parallelism to meet the future needs in variety of fields. In order to meet these above said requirements, electrodes made of various composite materials containing MWCNTs have been successfully studied and designed for real time sensor applications. These studies show that MWCNTs enhance the redox reactions, deposition rate, surface coverage concentration and electron transfer rate of materials during and after the composite film formation on the electrode surface. Materials used in these above studies for various composite preparations (incorporation with MWCNTs) are, the dye polymer compounds, polymers and biopolymers, proteins and enzymes, metal nanoparticles and metal oxides. These successfully prepared MWCNTs containing composite film modified electrodes have been further investigated for the application in electrochemical determination of numerous biochemical compounds and chemical compounds. Some of these electrochemical sensors are used for the simultaneous determination of biochemical compounds present in mixture at physiologically relevant conditions. Studies such as interference between few chemical or biochemical compounds present in these mixtures have also been successfully carried out.
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Pawar, Shital Patangrao. "EMI Shielding Materials Derived from PC/SAN Blends Containing Engineered Nanoparticles." Thesis, 2016. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/2005/3785.
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In recent years, increased use of electronic devices and wireless operations resulted in unavoidable electromagnetic (EM) pollution which has a significant impact on civil and military sectors. Considering the foremost requirement, huge efforts were invested in the development of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials. In this context, metals are usually preferred but design complexities like high density and susceptibility towards corrosion are limiting factors; additionally, the reflection of microwaves from the surface fails to serve as EM absorbers. The concern here is to minimize the reflection of the high frequency electromagnetic wave from the surface and to enhance the microwave absorption in GHz frequencies. In this thesis, we have made an attempt to design EMI shielding materials with exceptional absorption ability derived from Polycarbonate (PC)/ Poly styrene-co-acrylonitrile (SAN) based polymer blends. Herein, unique co-continuous micro-phase separated blend structures with selective localization of microwave active nanoparticles in one of the phases were realized to be most effective for microwave attenuation over just dispersing it in one polymer matrix (i.e. PC and SAN composites). The synergistic attenuation of electric and magnetic field associated with EM radiation was achieved through incorporation of various magnetic nanoparticles, however, dispersion of magnetic nanoparticles was a challenging task. Therefore, in order to localize magnetic nanoparticles in PC phase of the blends and to enhance the dispersion state, various modification strategies have been designed. In summary, we have developed a library of engineered nanoparticles to achieve synergistic attenuation of EM radiation mostly through absorption. For instance, the PC/SAN blends containing MWNTs and rGO-Fe3O4 nanoparticles manifested in exceptional EMI shielding, well above required shielding effectiveness value for most of the commercial applications, essentially through absorption. Taken together, the finding suggests that immiscible blends containing MWNTs and the decoration of magnetic nanoparticles (rGO-Fe3O4) on the surface of reduced graphene oxide sheets can be utilized to engineer high-performance EMI shielding materials with exceptional absorption ability.