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Academic literature on the topic 'Carbène N-hétérocyclique de cuivre(I)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Carbène N-hétérocyclique de cuivre(I)"
Akhdar, Ayman. "Synthesis, Modification And Click Of Arylopeptoids Using Carbene-Based Catalysts." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UCFAC117.
Full textArylopeptoids (i.e. oligomeric N-substituted aminomethyl benzamides) is a class of peptoid-inspired oligoamides with aromatic backbone. They retain advantageous features of peptoids such as straightforward synthesis by submonomer approach and conformational preferences governed by cis-trans isomerism of N,N-disubstituted amides. These N-alkylated aromatic oligoamides may be developed as proteomimetics or scaffolds for multivalent display. The aim of this thesis was to explore the chemical diversity accessible from linear and cyclic arylopeptoids through Click chemistry using Copper carbene as catalyst. First, access and properties of Copper (I)-N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst was exposed. Also, an extension of the quantitative NMR was presented to study the purity of this catalyst and other organometallic compounds. The development of an efficient CuAAC protocol on-resin using Copper (I)-N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst for the functionalization of arylopeptoids has allowed the efficient preparation of a library of linear oligomers carrying several triazole-type side chains. Beside, combinatorial and sequential approaches have been implemented leading to huge accessible chemical diversity. Post-modification of the triazoles into triazoliums has led to several series of triazolium-based arylopeptoids exhibiting amphipathic character. Their antibacterial activity against a panel of bacterial strains has been evaluated. The access to 3-dimensional crown- and tube-like structures from constrained arylopeptoid macrocycles by CuAAC reaction using the Cu-NHC catalyst also proved to be efficient with a selectivity depending on the spatial preorganization of the cyclic core and proper choice of the NHC catalyst. Finally, the access to H-shaped arylopeptoids was studied using CuAAC reaction on resin. Overall, this work highlights the potential of the Copper (I)-N-heterocyclic carbene as catalyst for CuAAC to perform on-resin poly-functionalization of arylopeptoids and to build complex 3D-architectures
Broggi, Julie. "Contribution des catalyseurs contenant un carbène N-hétérocyclique pour la chimie des nucléosides." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00452644.
Full textLefebvre, Jean-François. "Synthèse et propriétés de ligands de type carbène N-hétérocyclique conjugués à une porphyrines." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20141/document.
Full textIn addition to the usual inner coordination site of porphyrins, it is possible to functionalize the macrocycle by external coordination sites. This PhD thesis is devoted to the functionalization of two neighboring b-pyrrolic carbons in order to obtain porphyrins fused to peripheral N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (NHC).NHC ligands are known to display outstanding electronic properties which render them important ligands in the fields of catalysis and organometallic chemistry. The aim of this PhD work was to study the influence of the porphyrin on the electronic properties of the peripheral NHC ligand, and to modulate the electronic and catalytic properties of anchored metal complexes according to the chemical modifications brought to the porphyrin, ie. its metallation or the protonation of the free-base porphyrin.Firstly, the different synthetic procedures to obtain porphyrins fused to imidazolium rings were developed. These imidazolium salts are the key precursors of the porphyrin-NHC ligands. In order to study the catalytic properties of metal complexes containing porphyrin-NHC ligands, several palladium(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized. The study of the catalystic properties of these complexes showed that better catalytic activities were observed if the porphyrins contain a metal cation. Then, the electronic properties of these NHC ligands were evaluated for (NHC)Rh(COD)X and (NHC)Rh(CO)2X complexes with X = I or Cl
Passays, Johan. "Nouveaux ligands mixtes de type phosphore / carbène N-hétérocyclique : synthèse et applications en catalyse asymétrique." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAM0008.
Full textA straightforward method for the preparation of new bidentate ligands containing aphosphine or a phosphite and a carbene function was developed. Different phosphorus-imidazolium compounds were prepared according to this method. First, diphenylphosphine-NHC ligands featuring a stereogenic center a to the phosphine were synthesized from b-hydroxyesters. This strategy was then extended to the preparation of phosphite-imidazoliumand dialkylphosphine-imidazolium compounds. Complexation of these phosphorus-NHCligands with different metals like Ir or Rh was performed in order to study there catalytic properties in asymmetric hydrogenation
Benhamou, Laure. "Ligands carbènes N-hétérocycliques : de la complexation sur le ruthenium(0) aux carbènes anioniques." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1189/.
Full textThis work concerns the use of N-heterocyclic carbenes as ancillary ligands or as active species in catalysis. The first part deals with the chemistry of N-heterocyclic carbenes and their imidazolium precursors with the ruthenium(0) complex Ru(CO)2(PPh3)3 (Roper’s complex). We have shown that these reactions need to be chelation-assisted and the nature of directing group is determinant. It results that the C-H activation in position 2 of the imidazolium salt by the Ru(0) complex occurs only with a precoordinated homoallylic arm on one nitrogen and gives a Ru(II)-alkyl complex with a five-membered metallacycle. A Ru(0)-NHC complex has also been prepared by reaction of the NHC-olefin ligand and the Roper’s complex. The reactivity of this Ru(0)-NHC-olefin complex with acids allowed the observation of intermediates involved in the isomerisation process of the olefinic arm which ultimately led to the five membered metallacycle. The second part of this work focuses on the study of a new five-membered anionic NHC, the imidazol-2-ylidene-4-olate. First, we have developed an easy synthetic method to prepare the imidazolium precursor of this carbene and we have studied its reactivity with electrophiles. Then, we have studied the coordination chemistry of the anionic carbene. In particular we have found a way to functionalize the enolate moiety after complexation on a metal center. According to this method we have synthesized several M-NHC complexes (M = Rh, Cu) with different functional groups on the backbone of the heterocycle. These modifications were found to have a deep influence on the electronic properties of the ligand
Phung, Quang Linh. "Synthèse de ligands chiraux de type phosphine-phosphite et phosphine-carbène N-hétérocyclique pour la catalyse asymétrique." Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUES033.
Full textCatalytic asymmetric synthesis using organometallic reagents has become one of the most active areas of research in modern organic synthesis. To achieve the highest levels of reactivity and selectivity in catalytic enantioselective reactions, several reactions parameters must be optimized. Among them, the selection and design of the chiral ligand is perhaps the most crucial step. We have developed two families of bidentate ligands : phosphine-phosphite and phosphine N-heterocyclic carbene. These two series of ligands have a chiral center to the α-position next to the phosphine moiety. This stereogenic α-position could be of great importance since the phosphorus atom is directly associated with the transition metal in the asymmetric reaction. Phosphine-phosphite ligands were tested in the Rh-catayzed asymmetric hydrogenation (ee up to 84%) and hydroformylation (no asymmetric induction). Phosphine N-heterocyclic carbene ligands were tested in the Ir-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation and hydrosilylation (no asymmetric induction), and with promising results in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction
Brousses, Rémy. "Études structurales de carbènes de Fischer et de complexes carbéniques N-hétérocycliques par diffraction des rayons X à haute résolution." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2256/.
Full textHigh resolution X-ray diffraction analyses enable the experimental determination of the charge density distribution within compounds. In this context, we have investigated the structure of Fischer carbenes and N-heterocyclic carbene (NHCs) complexes of the first-row transition metals series, Mn(I) and Fe(II). At first, on the basis of the high-resolution structural analysis of the MeCp(CO)2Mn=C(Me)OEt complex, we will show that non-covalent interactions between the ethoxy substituent of the carbene ligand and the carbonyl ligands are responsible of the conformation of the Mn(I) piano-stool alkylalkoxy carbene complexes. Analysis of the Cp(CO)2Mn=C(Ph)OC6H2Cl3-2,4,6 complex revealed the existence of a non-covalent interaction between the aryl substituent and the proximal carbonyl group. We will show that, beyond its incidence on the conformation of the complexes, this type of interaction also induces a red-shift of the IR ?CO frequencies of the carbonyl ligand and as a consequence, modifies their response relative the electron-donicity of the ancillary ligands. Then, we were prompted to extend these studies to Mn(I) and Fe(II) NHC piano-stool complexes of the type Cp(CO)2Mn(NHC) and Cp(CO)2Fe(NHC). We will show that a non-covalent interaction between the aryl substituent of the NHC ligand and the proximal carbonyl group also occurs in this type of complexes. In the last part, we will focus on the synthesis and the structural characterization of Mn(II) NHC complexes resulting from the one-electron oxidation of the Cp(CO)2Mn(NHC) complexes cited above. These radical complexes appeared to be stable and one of them could be analyzed by high-resolution X-ray diffraction
Guernon, Hannah. "Développement d'une nouvelle famille de ligands carbène N-hétérocycliques anioniques basés sur les Ylures de N-iminoimidazolium." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6585.
Full textLing, Xiang. "N-heterocyclic carbenes coated nanocrystals and supracrystals." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066334/document.
Full textNanomaterials have received extraordinary attention owing to their unique properties, strongly associated to their nanoscale dimensions. In particular, noble metal (Au, Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit particular mechanical, electronic, optical and magnetic properties and present a high potential for developing applications in many domains with important societal impacts. Due to their higher stability by comparison with other metal-based nanoparticles, Au NPs have been extensively investigated for research in nanotechnology. In the last decades, N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have emerged as an essential class of neutral ligands in organometallic chemistry. NHCs are characterized by their high synthetic flexibility, their specific geometry, and a very strong metalCcarbene bond in metal complexes. All these properties have been widely studied and exploited for applications in homogeneous catalysis and for the development of biologically active complexes. By comparison, the use of NHCs in nanomaterials remains largely unexplored. In this work, the potential of NHC ligands in the field of nanomaterials, as coating agents for gold nanocrystals synthesis, stabilization and self-assembly into supracrystals has been explored. First, well-defined silver and gold–NHC complexes with different well-known NHC ligands are investigated for their relevance to generate stable nanocrystals (NCs) under reductive conditions with a good control of nanocrystals size. We demonstrate that both Au and Ag NCs can be formed by reduction of metal-NHC complexes with amine-boranes. The efficiency of the process and the average size and size distribution of the nanocrystals markedly depends on the structure of the NHC ligand. However, we demonstrate in this part that different pathways are involved to generate nanocrystals from Au or Ag precursors, as a specific reaction is observed between Ag-NHCs and thiols leading to the formation of silver thiolates whereas the corresponding Au-NHCs remain unchanged
Kuhl, Sébastien. "Activation de liaisons carbone-halogène et carbone-azote par des catalyseurs de nickel(0) ligandés par un carbène N-hétérocyclique." Nancy 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NAN10112.
Full textThis work describes the preparation of new nickel catalysts liganded with N-heterocyclic carbenes for the reduction of (poly)halogenated arenes and imines and for the N,N'-diarylation of aromatic diamines. In a first part, the Ni(0)/IMes (1/2) catalyst, associated to i-PrONa, was used for the reduction of (poly)chlorinated arenes. Carbon-fluorine bonds of fluoroarenes can also be activated by the Ni(0)/IMes (1/1) catalyst and be reduced in the presence of the secondary alkoxide Et2CHONa. Transfer hydrogenation of imines into amines is also possible with this catalyst. In the second part, the development of a new nickel catalyst, noted Ni(0)/IPr (1/2), for the N,N'-diarylation of aromatic diamines is described. The synthesis of new N,N'-diaryldiamines containing a 4-[10-(4-aminophényl)-9-anthryl]aniline moiety is reported. It has been shown that the diaryldiamines possess fluorescent properties and that they were reversibly oxidized into stable di(radical cation)s