Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Caractérisation des zéolithes'
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Mignard, Samuel. "Mode de désactivation des zéolithes : caractérisation des zéolithes cokées par adsorption de diverses molécules." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2297.
Full textTyburce, Bernard. "Application de l'échange ionique à la caractérisation des zéolithes." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT2036.
Full textSantos, Vânia. "Caractérisation et modification de l'acidité résiduelle en zéolithes cationiques." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.univ-poitiers.fr/5082/2008-Santos-Vania-These.pdf.
Full textA new test in liquid phase at 150 °C using dodecen-1 isomerization as a model reaction was developed and validated in order to characterize weak reactivity of cationic zeolites in conditions close to those of industrial separation processes. Thanks to it and to complementary techniques, it was shown that the active sites in NaY are Brönsted sites in low quantity (6,0x10-6 mol. Eq. H+/gzeo), mainly localized at the external surface. These sites can be partially neutralized by passivation of the external surface by TEOS deposition or globally by NaOH treatment. The study of some industrial conditions shows that the oxygen presence can leads to solid degradation as adsorbent and the water presence to a decrease of its activity. The ion exchange of the NaY with another exchangeable cation (K+, Li+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Mg2+ et La3+) seems to increase its activity, mainly in the case of multivalent cations. Solutions to neutralize and/or to prepare non acidic solids are proposed. Finally, the validity of this test was extended to transition alumina. It allows us to classify their reactivity as following: Al-η>Al-γ>Al-δ>Al-θ. It also shows that the sites type varies with the pre-treatment temperature
Marques, Joao Pedro. "Préparation des zéolithes HBEA par modification post-synthèse : caractérisation physicochimique et catalytique." Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT2253.
Full textThe aim of the present work is to contribute to the elucidation of the acid and catalytic properties of BEA zeolite. For this purpose, a series of HBEA samples was prepared by dealumination through three different methods: steaming, treatments with hydrochloric acid and ammonium hexafluorosilicate (HFS) solutions. The samples were characterized by elemental analysis, gas-phase adsorption, XRD and pyridine adsorption-desorption followed by IR spectroscopy and. Its catalytic properties were evaluated in the methylcyclohexane and n-heptane transformation. The three dealumination methods induce different effects on the characteristics shown by the prepared samples. A quantitative distribution of the various aluminic species (framework, extraframework and defect aluminic species) was established. The nature of the hydroxylated aluminic species responsible for the IR bands was specified. The acid and catalytic properties of these various species were investigated
KORCHI, SAMIR. "Caractérisation de zéolithes ZSM5 préparées en milieu fluorure à l'aide de réactions modèles." Poitiers, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992POIT2342.
Full textSimon, Angélique. "Caractérisation de l'acidité des zéolithes par spectroscopie de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire du fluor 19." Mulhouse, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MULH0509.
Full textZouiten, Abdelaziz. "Caractérisation de surface des zéolithes et analyse de leurs propriétés acides : étude par XPS." Pau, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PAUU3005.
Full textSauerland, Claudia. "Elaboration (synthèse, calcination, caractérisation) et étude des propriétés adsorbantes de nouvelles zéolithes isomorphiquement substituées." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX11077.
Full textMahjoubi, Fatma. "Etude de l’élimination du soufre en FCC par des zéolithes au vanadium : Caractérisation et Mécanisme." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN2008.
Full textThe aim of this study was to determine the mode of action of vanadium-based catalysts for FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking) gasoline desulfurization. Vanadium introduction in HY zeolites leads to various effects depending on their nature. For a steamed, dealuminated zeolite, vanadium interacts with all zeolite’s sites (Brønsted and Lewis acid sites, silanols and OH groups) showing that vanadium establishes V-O-Si and V-O-Al bonds. In the same non-washed zeolite, vanadium seems to interact with extraframework phase and is less reducible. Steaming leads to a drastic decrease of catalysts OH groups and Lewis acid sites but increases vanadium dispersion and thus proves its high mobility. Vanadium effect on the cracking of real or model feeds has been studied. Vanadium does not act directly on real feed sulfur compounds but on gasoline sulfur compounds, particularly on the heaviest alkylthiophenes. We observe not only coke and hydrogen increase but also a slight increase in light alkanes (C1-C2) yields, formed by gasoline compounds cracking. The study of the cracking of aliphatic sulfur model molecule (dipentylsulfide) shows that vanadium catalyzes carbon-sulfur cleavage reactions : each vanadium atom active in desulfurization leads to at least ten carbon-sulfur bonds breaking. All these results led us to propose a mechanism of radicalar cleavage of carbon-sulfur bonds
Lassoued, Abdessalem. "Caractérisation de catalyseurs solides par fluorescence induite par laser." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066447.
Full textQuoineaud, Anne-Agathe. "Caractérisation et quantification de l'aluminium dans les zéolithes désaluminées par RMN haute-résolution à l'état solide." Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN2049.
Full textPorcher, Florence. "Cristallographie très haute résolution et propriétés électrostatiques de monocristaux de zéolithes A et X déshydratés." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10301.
Full textLopez, Annie. "Synthèse en milieu fluorure et caractérisation de zéolithes siliciques du type MFI partiellement substituées par un élément tétravalent." Mulhouse, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MULH0169.
Full textSekkate, Chakib. "Synthèse, caractérisation et propriétés catalytiques des zéolithes de type pentasil modifiées par le zirconium, le vanadium ou le chrome." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10091.
Full textLouisfrema, Wilfired. "Caractérisation des oxydes nanoporeux contenant des ions lourds en milieu aqueux." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEE055/document.
Full textPorous crystalline aluminosilicates such as cationic zeolites, are widely studied because of their adsorption, ion exchange and catalytic properties, which explain their use in many industrial applications. Examples of the latter, which involve in particular multivalent cations, include detergents/softeners, catalytic cracking, or decontamination. Such industrial applications of zeolites all exploit their adsorption properties, which vary as a function of the pore size, comparable to the adsorbing molecules, or chemical composition, which results in charges within the framework, and in turn strong binding or repulsive sites. Importantly, in such applications zeolites are hydrated. Water is involved in the microscopic processes and thus influences all properties of the material. Molecular modeling is a weapon of choice to predict and understand the microscopic properties of the hydrated material, which are difficult to access experimentally. More precisely, the present modeling work deals with the behavior of multivalent cations in hydrated zeolites, in collaboration with experimentalists. Our study on zeolite Y faujasite first allowed us to clarify the migration of sodium cations upon dehydration and to predict the cation localisation in the hydrated material in the presence of divalent cations. Furthermore, we rationalized the coupled migration of cations and deformation of the framework upon water adsorption. To this end, we have developed a new method for the analysis of cation localization. The good performance of a polarizable force field demonstrated here paves the way for the study of the dynamics of the whole system, following in particular the simultaneous migration of cations and deformation of the framework. Such an approach could be later extended to other multivalent ions of industrial interest (rare Earths, f-block elements, ...)
Tessa, Noureddine. "Caractérisation par adsorption et diffusion de zéolithes échangées et étude des vitesses de diffusion et d'échange d'hydrocarbures purs et en mélange." Poitiers, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990POIT2279.
Full textPalancher, Hervé. "Caractérisation in situ par diffraction anomale de la distribution cationique de zéolithes X bicationiques dans des conditions proches de leur utilisation industrielle." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE10187.
Full textThe search for optimized zeolitic agents for separation by adsorption requires an understanding of cation distribution behavior in these materials. To undertake this analysis, a method based on in situ AWAXS méasurements has been developed. A reaction cell enabling in situ analysis at high temperature and under dynamic adsorption conditions has been built. This miniaturized set-up, designed for convenient use, includes a fumace for accurate temperature monitoring, and enables precise positioning and oscillation of the sample in the beam. Two tools have been developed for AWAXS data treatment: anomalous difference maps used to locate resonant cations and anomalous differential diffraction patterns to constrain the structural model. The efficiency of this approach has been demonstrated in the study of hydrated SrRbX zeolite, which is particularly difficult by diffraction. Based on these two methodological and technical advances, a comparative study of cation distribution in monocationic (caX and SrX) and bicationic (SrRbX, srCaX, CaRbX and RbNaX) X zeolites, with the same SVAI ratio, has been performed at two hydration levels (higt hydration and dehydration) and under operando conditions (para-xytene saturation at 448 K). The key influence of the type and amount 0' adsorbed molecules has been demonstrated. Although cation distributions in bicationic zeolites can be predicted qualitatively from those of X zeolites with closely related chemical composition, AW AXS measurements are in ail cases necessary for a precise quantitative determination
Zarki, Raed. "Etude de la modification des zéolithes de type pentasil, mordénite, faujasite Y par incorporation post-synthèse de titane, vanadium ou étain : caractérisation physico-chimique." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10054.
Full textLokolo, Michel Claude. "Préparation et caractérisation des catalyseurs platine et platine-cuivre dans les zéolithes acides de type faujasite : propriétés catalytiques dans l'hydroconversion du n-octane." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO10033.
Full textDougnier, François. "Synthèse et caractérisation de zéolithes du type FAU et EMT de rapports Si/Al supérieurs à trois : utilisation de molécules structurantes avec des fonctions éthoxy." Mulhouse, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MULH0289.
Full textAzzolina, Jury Federico. "Préparation et caractérisation de zéolithes dopées par des métaux de transition : Mesure de propriétés diélectriques et magnétiques et leur application à la synthèse de composés chimiques sous irradiation microondes." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAM0025.
Full textThis study focuses on the synthesis and preparation of modified zeolites with transition metals and theirs applications in catalysis under microwave irradiation. Previous works have shown interest in modifying zeolites with transition metals for their application to oxidation reactions and in using microwave irradiation in order to increase the reaction rates. In this thesis, we studied two types of zeolite structure (MEL and FAU) doped with transitionmetals (Co, Mn, Fe, Zn, Ni, Cr) at different concentrations. A classic characterization study has increased the knowledge on the preparation of modified zeolites and the understanding of their influence on thecatalytic activity. The styrene partial oxidation reaction for benzaldehyde production was chosen as amodel reaction. Co-ZSM-11 zeolite presented the best catalytic activity in this study and also compared to other catalysts found in the literature. The styrene oxidation reactions were studied under microwave irradiation and under conventional heating. No difference in the activity of doped zeolites was observed for both types of heating. The low values of permittivity and permeability of zeolites doped with transition metals make difficult the intensification of the benzaldehyde production process from styrene oxidation under microwave. The parameters of the model reaction have been optimized and a reaction kinetic study was carried out by using the Co-ZSM-11 zeolite. Finally, the hysteresis dielectric heating was used in the synthesis of ZSM-11. The synthesis time was significantly reduced (80%) under microwave irradiation compared to conventional heating
Patarin, Joël. "Synthèse en milieu fluorure et caractérisation de zéolithes ferrisilicatées de type MFI : étude de la stabilisation de ce type structural par des cations polypropylammonium." Mulhouse, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MULH0083.
Full textOrsikowsky, Sánchez Alejandro. "Propriétés d'adsorption de différents substrats microporeux à la séparation de gaz modélisation, caractérisation et méthodologie de sélection." Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU3037.
Full textThe aim of this PhD (Cifre) is to describe and model the adsorption of several gases (carbon dioxide, methane and nitrogen) on a given adsorbent and to extrapolate the results to the macroscopic behavior of their mixture in an adsorption industrial process in order to better understand the phenomena linking the adsorbent structure with the adsorption industrial processes performance. Since the study requires the description of the adsorption mechanisms, it was decided to start with the best known and most widespread family of adsorbents in the industry because of its low cost, its microporous nature and its chemical and thermal stability: the zeolites.From the bibliographic review, five zeolites with different structural properties (cations contained inside their structure, pore morphology, pore size and Si / Al ratio) were selected under two shapes (powder and beads) to obtain the essential information for determining the key parameters of the adsorption models. In a first step, gas porosimetry with argon at 87 K as the probe molecule, enabled to get access to the structural properties of the different adsorbents (pore volume, pore size distribution and BET surface). A method based on the coupling of gas porosimetry with CO2 at 273 K and argon at 87 K has been proposed for assessing the impact of adsorbent shaping on CO2 adsorption.In a second step, the adsorption equilibria of pure compounds were measured over a very wide range of pressures (from 10-5 to 80 bar) and temperatures (from 253 K to 363 K) by combining high resolution low pressure manometry and high pressure gravimetry. These experimental methods coupled with the measurement of the differential heat of adsorption and the mixture adsorption equilibria as well as with some microscopic studies available in the literature, enabled to identify and to analyze the various adsorption mechanisms. Then, the performance of the macroscopic adsorption models the most widely used in the simulation of adsorption-based gas separation processes - such as those of Toth, Sips and bi-Langmuir - were analyzed over all the experimental data and the identified adsorption mechanisms. Since these models are not representative of the observed physicochemical phenomena, a new methodology for the modeling of pure gases and mixtures adsorption based on representative models of adsorption mechanisms is proposed. This new methodology makes the prediction of gas mixture adsorption possible from only two pure gas adsorption isotherms measured at the extremes of the temperature range of interest.Finally, the last part of the study focuses on the integration of the proposed models in a dynamic adsorption processes simulation software and on their validation with breakthrough curves tests. To this end, a new adsorption column has been designed and integrated into an existing pilot. These dynamic adsorption tests focus on CO2 / N2 separation only and were carried out on two beads of zeolites. Since the exothermicity of CO2 adsorption is very significant, the thermal transfer parameter between the gas and the column wall has been identified as the limiting parameter of the Mass Transfer Zone (MTZ). The optimized heat transfer parameter has been confronted with different correlations in order to predict it. Thus, the dynamic model reproduces very satisfactorily the experimental results
François, Valérie. "Caractérisation physico-chimique de solides poreux modèles de type zéolithes MFI et silice mésoporeuse MCM-41 : approches thermodynamique et structurale du processus d'adsorption vis-à-vis des chlorures éthyléniques." Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOS049.
Full textPlesniar, Anna. "Préparation, caractérisation et activité catalytique de zéolithes de type ferrierite échangée au fer appliquées à la dépollution environnementale dé-NOx : Thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2088.
Full textThe aim of this work was first to characterize exchanged Fe2+ cations in fresh and aged FeFER catalysts by IR spectroscopy and then to study NO-to-NO2 oxidation ability which is the determing step in NOx removal by SCR with NH3. Fe exchanged zeolite-based were used as active catalysts and their aging-induced changes were studied by surface characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, TEM, BET, Mössbauer, FTIR and operando spectroscopy. The aging was applied in a series of FeFER catalysts for which the effects of increasing temperatures under wet atmosphere were considered. The main goal of this thesis is to determine the preparation technique of Fe-FER catalysts together with their ‘degradation’ mechanisms under different aging conditions. The catalyst’s properties, thus, the applicability of multiple techniques will provide a larger view of the aging phenomenon of FeFER catalysts. The second goal of this research is to find, by mean of the operando methodology, the best mechanism for NO-to-NO2 oxidation which is described as the rate determing step of SCR with NH3. The catalytic properties of iron-containing ferrierite under reaction conditions were thus investigated in this contribution. The results of this thesis can be used in the development of better catalysts used in SCR with NH3 that are resistant in particular to physical and chemical changes while preserving interesting NO-to-NO2 oxidation capacity and thus NOx SCR efficiency
Elm', Chaouri Abdellah. "Isothermes et isobares d'adsorption-désorption de la vapeur d'eau de zéolithes désaluminées et de minéraux argileux : apport de la théorie de Polanyi-Dubinin à la caractérisation de la texture poreuse de zéolithes HY désaluminées et aux calculs des grandeurs thermodynamiques de l'hectorite et de la nontronite." Dijon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990DIJOS021.
Full textAl, Atrach Jaouad. "Advanced design οf zeοlitic materials fοr the adsοrptiοn/separatiοn οf CΟ2, Ν2, and CΗ4 mοlecules." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMC234.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to optimizing small-pore zeolite materials for efficient CO2 adsorption andgas separation. The work focuses on improving zeolite performance through cation exchange,crystal size control, and the synthesis of novel adsorbents. Mg-exchanged Gismondine (GIS)zeolites were synthesized, demonstrating enhanced CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 selectivities due to partialcation exchange with Mg2+, which influenced the framework distortion and improved bothadsorption capacity and selectivity, underscoring their potential for practical carbon captureapplications. A seed-assisted synthesis method was also employed to develop nanosized zeolite P(GIS), which significantly improved CO2 adsorption kinetics by reducing diffusion limitations,with faster diffusion resulting from an intracrystalline diffusion mechanism. This superior diffusionwithin the nanosized zeolites led to enhanced performance in dynamic gas separation compared totheir micron-sized counterparts. The thesis also introduces Levyne (LEV) zeolites as novelcandidates for CO2 adsorption, where careful control of the Si/Al ratio and the use of nanosizedseeds allowed for precise tuning of adsorption properties. The study highlights the critical role ofthe Si/Al ratio in optimizing CO2 selectivity, uptake, and adsorption−desorption behaviour,establishing LEV as a promising material for gas separation. These findings demonstrate howtailored synthesis methods, cation exchange optimization, crystal size control, and Si/Al ratioadjustment can significantly enhance the performance of zeolite-based materials in carbon captureand energy-efficient gas separation technologies
Cougnard, Catherine. "Caractérisation du comportement hydrophobe/organophile de zéolithes Y de rapport Si/Al variable par adsorption de vapeur d'eau, de méthanol, de N-hexane et d'azote : Importance du choix de la molécule sonde." Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOS050.
Full textBenghalem, Mohammed Amine. "Interactions entre morphologies, acidités et diffusion dans les zéolithes beta : éléments de réponse par spectroscopie infrarouge, réactions modèles et chromatographie à flux inversés." Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT2295/document.
Full textIn order to study the impact of the size and morphology of zeolite crystals on the textural, chemical and diffusion properties, a series of beta zeolites was studied.The logical increase of the porous surfaces and volumes with the decrease in crystal size is observed. In addition, this also implies a decrease in the overall acidity as well as strength of the adsorption sites. However, understanding the complex acidity of these materials requires advanced characterization techniques.The adsorption of probe molecules (pyridine, CO, ethylene) followed by infrared as well as ammonia thermodesorption were correlated to model reactions of ethanol conversion and n-hexane cracking. In this case, the morphology of the crystals has little influence and performance is mainly dictated by the Brønsted sites. The presence of extra-framework aluminums makes it possible to exalt the acid strength of the protonic sites. With the transformation of ethanol, better activities and stabilities are observed in the case of hierarchical zeolites.The study of diffusion by the reversed-flow gas chromatography (RF-IGC) showed that if the diffusion coefficients increase as opposed to crystal size, the secondary porosity reduces the diffusion path. Moreover, the weak sites predominantly present on the hierarchized materials facilitate the desorption of the molecules and are involved in the lateral interactions measured by RF-IGC.This work thus provides elements of response to the stability and the complex catalytic behaviors observed on the beta zeolite
Lettat, Abdelkader. "Adsorption multi-composant dans les zéolithes. Caractérisation par méthode cyclique de la co-diffusion d'isomères mono- et di-branchés de l'hexane sur silicalite en présence d'un composé à cinétique lente." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL099N/document.
Full textThe aim of this work is to develop a new experimental method in order to determine simultaneously co-diffusion coefficients in zeolites for mixtures of single- and di-branched C6 paraffins, with totally different diffusion kinetics. The species are 2- and 3-methyl-pentane (2MP and 3MP) and 2-2- and 2-3-dimethyl-butane (22DMB and 23DMB) and the adsorbent is a silicalite. This method is based on the output measurement of an adsorbent column subjected to cyclic variations of its input concentration. The analysis of the mixture experimental breakthrough curves, on several cycles, is carried out using a mathematical model, based on Maxwell-Stefan theory of multi-component diffusion, allowing an estimation of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters. The experimental conditions are close to industrial constraints, i.e. at very high adsorption loading, and in the liquid phase (185°C and 35 bars). This requires to develop a modified Maxwell-Stefan diffusion model, applied to the "Dusty Gas Model", including volume constraints in the crystal which implies to redefine the adsorbent saturation. Moreover, while preserving the simplicity of the "Single File Diffusion" model (no counter-diffusion), a relative volumetric flow of the solid is taken into account, allowing to ensure the independence of the diffusion coefficient of each component in the adsorbent. The Maxwell-Stefan diffusion coefficients for the different isomers, obtained from breakthrough curves simulations – on one cycle for fast diffusing species and several cycles for slow molecules – are in the sequence : D3MP ˜ D2MP, > D23DMB > D22DMB, with a difference of three orders of magnitude between 3MP and 22DMB. This implies that a separation process based on kinetic selectivity can be considered. The cyclic breakthrough experiments, allowing a better characterization of the system, highlight a very slow accumulation of the 22DMB isomer during cycles for specific operating conditions, which may be undetectable on a small number of cycles and on the profiles of the other components.. This phenomenon involves a decrease of the adsorbent performances, in terms of capacity as well as selectivity
Majoli, Laetitia. "Elaboration, caractérisation et étude des performances de nouveaux adsorbants hydrophobes : application aux atmosphères odorantes et / ou chargées en composés organiques volatils (COV)." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790773.
Full textAlbizane, Abderrahman. "Synthèse et caractérisation de la zéolite bêta." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20190.
Full textTalbi, Gaël. "Caractérisation, destruction et recyclage des déchets amiantés." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS135/document.
Full textTo answer the ecological and economic problems of the treatment of Materials Containing Asbestos (MCA), a complete process allowing to handle in an optimal way these waste was proposed. For that purpose, three types of waste were analyzed by several complementary techniques of characterization (X-rays diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, infrared and NMR spectroscopy). These analyses allowed the identification of the present various phases within waste. This identification is necessary, because it allows to adapt in the optimal way for the destruction of the waste. The first stage of the process is a treatment in temperature of the MCA in a solution of nitric acid leading to the dissolution of the matrix of the waste and the denaturation of the fibers of chrysotile which are present in 95 % of MCA. Two phases are then got back at the end of this treatment: a solid phase of pure silica and a liquid phase containing, in particular, calcium, magnesium and iron ions. If previous waste contains fibers of amphibole type (5 % of the MCA) they are then treated through a hydrothermal process in an autoclave containing a solution of soda. This stage leads to the complete dissolution of the waste. The basic solution containing some silicon is so got back. Various ways of valuations were then developed. The present ions in the acid solution are chemically sorted out by a selective precipitation of hydroxides. Another way consists in synthesizing a zeolite from the pure silica coming from the acid treatment and from the basic solution after hydrothermal treatment. The isotherms of adsorption of this synthesized zeolite were established to determine its capacity of adsorption of certain polluting metallic cations. To finish, a fundamental study was led on the nanotubes of silica obtained after the acid treatment of pure asbestos fibers and diverse applications of these nanotubes of silica were evoked
Trzpit, Mickael. "Synthèse et caractérisation de zéosils pour des applications en énergétique." Mulhouse, 2008. https://www.learning-center.uha.fr/opac/resource/synthese-et-caracterisation-de-zeosils-pour-des-applications-en-energetique/BUS4081263.
Full textThe study of water intrusion and extrusion was carried out in many pure silica zeolites of structural types: AFI, MTW, TON, BEA *, MEL, MFI, FER, STT, DDR and CHA. In a first part, the pressure-volume isotherms of “water-zeolite” systems were determined. In most cases, the results showed that these systems are able to restore almost all the mechanical energy stored during the compression and thus constitute real molecular springs. For channel zeolites, the intrusion pressure increases when the pore size decreases, whereas, for cage zeolites, it is the diameter of the cage which determines the intrusion pressure. The presence of hydrophilic defects leads to a reduction of the intrusion pressure and to a wider intrusion pressure range. The hysteresis phenomenon is due to the large pores and cages and to the creation of hydrophilic defects during water intrusion. In a second part, the porous volume of silicalite-1 zeolite was increased by the creation of micro-, meso- and macropores by using carbon black or a surfactant. The amount of energy increased only when additional micropores were created
Astafan, Amir. "Synthèses, caractérisations et performances catalytiques des zéolithes nanoéponge de type structurale *BEA." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2269/document.
Full textThe method to ameliorate the diffusion of reactants, reaction intermediates, and products inside the zeolite is by shortening the diffusion path length, i.e., crystals size. The growth of the crystals is a function of gel composition synthesis, crystallization time, temperature, etc. The mastering of this growth allows to obtain a wide range of the size which ranges from several micrometers to a few tens of nanometers. It is possible now to limit the diffusion path to only three unit cells by inhibiting the crystals' growth in one direction during the hydrothermal synthesis. For that, the use of a peculiar organic surfactant geminate is indispensable, it gives a hierarchical material with zeolitic crystals of 4 nm thickness separated by structured and regular mesopores in the case of *BEA type zeolite. The morphology of this material resembles a sea sponge.Two reaction models, n-hexadecane hydroisomerization and ethanol transformation to hydrocarbons, demonstrate that the reactants and the products diffusion was optimized in the beta nanosponges. Surprisingly the catalyst stability and selectivity were improved instead of activity. In fact this is due to the extreme reducing of the zeolite crystals’ thickness that leads to increase the aluminum number in the pore mouth, which although very accessible, but incapable to catalyze the isomerization and cracking reactions. The aluminums near the external surface, in contrary to those in the crystal heart, do not benefit from the long distance effects, which makes them weaker
Velasco, Nelson. "Synthèse et caractérisation de métallosilicates au vanadium." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2369.
Full textGachard, Elisabeth. "Synthèse sous rayonnement gamma et caractérisation d'agrégats d'argent dans la zéolithe Y." Bordeaux 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR10615.
Full textHamaizi, Hadj. "Synthèse et caractérisation de la zéolithe ZK-4 : étude texturale et structurale." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0105.
Full textLassauvagerie, Anne-Christelle. "Genèse, caractérisations et potentiel économique des zéolites du Nord-Ouest du Mexique." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30018.
Full textIn North-western Mexico, the basins resulting from the " Basin and Range " tectonics are filled, at their base, by sandy-conglomeratic and volcaniclastic hardened sediments set up during the lower Miocene, locally known under the name of Baucarit Formation. In the most Western zones of the desert of Sonora, this Formation is covered with more recent unconsolidated continental sediments in which our studied pumice tuffs are intercalated. The petrographic and geochemical studies, establish that they are acidic air fall ash deposits produced by plinian type volcanism. These deposits were mechanically and chemically affected by circulation of fluids leading to a generalised zeolitisation. The zeolitisation is specific to each studied outcrop with heulandite in the area of San Pedro Ures, chabazite in that of Divisaderos and erionite in the Agua Prieta area. According to the development of the zeolite species and other secondary minerals, we highlighted two genetic types of zeolite layers. We propose two distinct processes for the origin of this zeolitisation. The first process call extensive " Basin and Range " tectonics. The second process is of surface origin : the existence and evaporation of saline-alkaline lakes in arid to semi-arid continental environment. This work also represents a contribution to the standardisation of the method of measurement of the cation exchange capacities (C. E. C. ) on the zeolitized tuffs. The suggested methodology optimises the values by the means of parameters such as granulometry and temperature. From the measured C. E. C. Values on the sampled tuffs, we show that all these deposits have an economic potential comparable with those of the United States and Bulgaria. The effectiveness of materials for ionic exchanges is controlled by the type of dominant zeolites as well as the textural (porosity, degree of transformation of glass) and petrographic (percentage of "inert" elements) characteristics. However if the San Pedro Ures and Divisaderos deposits are usable for their properties of adsorption, the Agua Prieta erionites (pathogenic acicular fibres) should be excluded from any industrial exploitation
Anstett, Martine. "Préparation et caractérisation de nouvelles membranes de zéolithe : application à la séparation gazeuse." Mulhouse, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MULH0452.
Full textChauvin, Brigitte. "Étude de la désalumination de la zéolithe oméga : caractérisations physico-chimiques et catalytiques." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20128.
Full textRiahi, Dehkordi Golaleh. "Préparation, caractérisation et réactivité catalytique de catalyseurs bimétalliques Platine-Or supportés sur zéolithe HY." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066470.
Full textSeive, Alain. "Synthèse et caractérisation de gallosilicates de type MFI en présence d'ions fluorure." Mulhouse, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MULH0128.
Full textGoepper, Michèle. "Synthèse et caractérisation de tamis moléculaire du type AlPO4 substitués par les éléments divalents Mg, Co ou Zn." Mulhouse, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MULH0152.
Full textBerreghis, Adel. "Désalumination de la zéolithe EMT - caractérisation par les méthodes physico-chimiques et par hydrocraquage d'alcanes." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2368.
Full textMoussa-Khouzami, Sonia. "Synthèse, caractérisations physicochimiques et propriétés catalytiques de la titanosilicalite-1 TS-1." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10260.
Full textLefèbvre, Frédéric. "Synthèse et caractérisation de complexes carbonyles du rhodium et de l'iridium en matrice zéolithique : applications en catalyse." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO19034.
Full textMétou, Alfred. "Préparation et caractérisation de phases mixtes phyllosilicate-zéolithe en vue de l'obtention de nouveaux solides microporeux." Mulhouse, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MULH0333.
Full textGuth, Françoise. "Synthèse et caractérisation de solides microporeux cristallisés contenant Al, P et Si." Mulhouse, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MULH0122.
Full textMadrau, Stéphane. "Caractérisation des adsorbants pour la purification de l'hydrogène par adsorption modulée en pression." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL136N.
Full textPressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) is a gas separation and purification process. It is based on the difference of adsorption capacity of a porous medium under different pressures. The performance determination of a specific adsorbent in such a process is a difficult problem, commonly solved by building a scaled-down process and by evaluating the adsorbent by experiments. This method requires time and is generally expensive. An other approach for evaluating the solid is purely numeric simulation. But the simulation of a complete PSA system is difficult, because of the large number of physical parameters and phenomena involved. A simple evaluation method would therefore be useful, at [east in the case of Hydrogen purification by PSA. This work is composed of both experimental and numeric studies, and shows that developing a simplified PSA model in parallel with some experiments can provide a good level of representation of the process. Evaluation of adsorbent performance with a simplified method consists in the determination of the dynamic working capacity of the solid in successive adsorption and desorption steps in cycles. The results of this method are in good agreement with the results of a complete simulated PSA. It also has the advantage of being less CPU-intensive and of giving results about parameters that are difficult to obtain by experience only