Journal articles: 'Capture efficiency'

1

Rutter, Andrew U., Alex T. Hanrahan, Clayton K. Nielsen, and Eric M. Schauber. "Functionality of a New Live-Capture Device for River Otters." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 11, no. 1 (December 17, 2019): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/092018-jfwm-083.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Assessments of novel capture techniques are important to wildlife research. We used Comstock traps, a new live-capture technique, to capture North American river otters Lontra canadensis. We measured Comstock trap functionality in terms of river otter capture efficiency, furbearer capture efficiency, nonfurbearer capture efficiency, and malfunction rate. During 2014–2016, we captured 36 river otters (19 male, 17 female) in Comstock traps during 2,533 trap nights (1 capture/63 trap nights) at Crab Orchard National Wildlife Refuge in southern Illinois, USA. Eleven of 20 (55%) river otters assessed for capture-related injuries received an injury as a result of capture in a Comstock trap. The most common injury was claw loss (45%), followed by tooth fracture (25%) and lacerations (10%). The ease of setting Comstock traps and of releasing nontarget captures made them an appealing option for river otter live capture; however, two river otters died because of hypothermia, two died because of drowning, and one died because of traumatic injuries sustained during capture. Special care should be taken when selecting locations to set Comstock traps with regard to temperature and fluctuating water levels. Researchers attempting to live-capture river otters using this method would benefit by restricting their use to locations with predictable water levels and seasons with mild weather patterns.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Vazquez, Jorge, Luisa Rodríguez-Martínez, Armando Bautista, Robyn Hudson, and Margarita Martínez-Gómez. "Evaluación de una nueva trampa para capturar conejos silvestres (Sylvilagus cunicularius y S. floridanus)." Revista Mexicana de Mastozoología (Nueva Epoca) 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ie.20074484e.2007.11.1.127.

Full text

Abstract:

Resumen: En este artículo se describe el diseño de una trampa de red que se desarrolló para capturar conejos silvestres de las especies Sylvilagus cunicularius y S. floridanus en el Parque Nacional La Malinche, Tlaxcala. El desempeño de la trampa de red fue comparado con el de trampas de caja evaluando la eficiencia de captura y recaptura, el sesgo de capturas respecto al sexo y peso corporal y los tipos de lesiones que causan cada tipo de trampa sobre los conejos durante su captura. Se obtuvo mayor eficiencia de captura y recaptura de S. cunicularius con las trampas de red que con las de caja y no se encontraron sesgos de captura respecto al sexo en cada tipo de trampa. Sólo en trampas de red hubo un sesgo de captura hacia los individuos más pesados de S. cunicularius. En cambio, hubo un sesgo de capturas respecto al sexo en S. floridanus (fueron capturados una mayor proporción de machos), no se lograron observar los patrones encontrados en S. cunicularius, posiblemente porque S. floridanus fue la especie menos representada en las capturas. En ambas especies de conejos, las lesiones causadas durante su captura fueron más severas cuando se capturaron en trampas de caja que en las de red. Se concluye que la trampa de red es un buen dispositivo para realizar capturas y recapturas de conejos silvestres del género Sylvilagus, preferentemente conejos de mayor peso sobre todo en aquellos casos que se opte por capturar individuos adultos, tanto hembras como machos. Además este tipo de trampa de red reduce daños físicos en los conejos atrapados. Palabras clave: Conejos, Sylvilagus cunicularius, S. floridanus, trampa de red, trampa de caja, eficiencia de captura, Tlaxcala. Abstract: We describe the design of a net trap developed to capture wild rabbits of the species Silvilagus cunicularius and S. floridanus in La Malinche National Park, Tlaxcala. The performance of the net trap was compared with that of box traps, evaluating the efficiency of capture and recapture, and bias with respect to sex, body mass and the type of injuries associated with capture using each method. For S. cunicularius greater efficiency of capture and recapture was obtained with the net traps than with the box traps, no bias was found for sex for either type of trap, and only a bias was found towards the capture of the heaviest animals for the net traps. For S. floridanus, although there was a bias in captures with respect to sex (captures comprised a greater proportion of males), the pattern of captures was not as clear as for S. cunicularius, possibly due to the smaller number of captures for this species. In both species injuries caused by capture were more severe for the box than for the net traps. In conclusion, the net trap described here is a good method for capturing and recapturing wild rabbits of the genus Sylvilagus, and particularly heavier adult animals of either sex. It also reduces physical damage to the trapped animals. Key words: Rabbits, Sylvilagus cuniculus, S. floridanus, net traps, box traps, trapping efficiency, Tlaxcala

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Jacob, J., H. Ylönen, and C. G. Hodkinson. "Trapping efficiency of Ugglan traps and Longworth traps for house mice in south-eastern Australia." Wildlife Research 29, no. 1 (2002): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr01048.

Full text

Abstract:

Small mammal studies require traps that efficiently capture the target species, are cheap, and preferably have no adverse effects on the animals. We compared the trapping efficiency of Ugglan multiple-capture live-traps with Longworth single-capture live-traps in field studies of house mice (Mus domesticus) in the Victorian Mallee of south-eastern Australia. More captures and recaptures were made with Longworth traps and fewer mice died while in these traps. There was no difference in mean body mass of captured mice between Ugglan and Longworth traps but relatively more males were trapped with Ugglan traps. The trapping mechanism that requires the mouse to activate a trap door, and open mesh wire along the sides of the Ugglan trap may be the main reasons for low trappability. In addition, the open sides could have contributed to the lower survival observed for mice in Ugglan traps. Although Ugglan traps have the potential for multiple captures, are cheaper, and their trapping mechanism is less prone to failure than Longworth traps, they were not as efficient in trapping house mice at low and medium densities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Ma, Gwo-Chin, Wen-Hsiang Lin, Chung-Er Huang, Ting-Yu Chang, Jia-Yun Liu, Ya-Jun Yang, Mei-Hui Lee, Wan-Ju Wu, Yun-Shiang Chang, and Ming Chen. "A Silicon-based Coral-like Nanostructured Microfluidics to Isolate Rare Cells in Human Circulation: Validation by SK-BR-3 Cancer Cell Line and Its Utility in Circulating Fetal Nucleated Red Blood Cells." Micromachines 10, no. 2 (February 17, 2019): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10020132.

Full text

Abstract:

Circulating fetal cells (CFCs) in maternal blood are rare but have a strong potential to be the target for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD). “Cell RevealTM system” is a silicon-based microfluidic platform capable to capture rare cell populations in human circulation. The platform is recently optimized to enhance the capture efficiency and system automation. In this study, spiking tests of SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells were used for the evaluation of capture efficiency. Then, peripheral bloods from 14 pregnant women whose fetuses have evidenced non-maternal genomic markers (e.g., de novo pathogenic copy number changes) were tested for the capture of circulating fetal nucleated red blood cells (fnRBCs). Captured cells were subjected to fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) on chip or recovered by an automated cell picker for molecular genetic analyses. The capture rate for the spiking tests is estimated as 88.1%. For the prenatal study, 2–71 fnRBCs were successfully captured from 2 mL of maternal blood in all pregnant women. The captured fnRBCs were verified to be from fetal origin. Our results demonstrated that the Cell RevealTM system has a high capture efficiency and can be used for fnRBC capture that is feasible for the genetic diagnosis of fetuses without invasive procedures.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Bayley, Peter B., and Douglas J. Austen. "Capture Efficiency of a Boat Electrofisher." Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 131, no. 3 (May 2002): 435–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2002)131<0435:ceoabe>2.0.co;2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Zhang, Shouhong, and Yiping Guo. "Stormwater Capture Efficiency of Bioretention Systems." Water Resources Management 28, no. 1 (November 23, 2013): 149–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-013-0477-y.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Mierzejewska, Ewa J., Dorota Dwużnik, Katarzyna Tołkacz, Anna Bajer, Marek Panek, and Maciej Grzybek. "The Efficiency of Live-Capture Traps for the Study of Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) Cubs: A Three-Year Study in Poland." Animals 10, no. 3 (February 26, 2020): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10030374.

Full text

Abstract:

Safe and efficient techniques for the live capture of carnivores are limited. In this study, we identified some of the factors that could affect the success of capturing red fox cubs with live capture traps (also known as cage traps). During a three-year period, we analysed 32 captures of 25 fox cubs (1.3 captures/fox). We assessed the impact of the following factors: sex of animals, month of trapping, weather conditions recorded for each trap-night, the willingness of cubs to explore and enter cage traps, the researchers’ activity around den complexes before trapping and distances to the nearest village or farm. The overall trap rate (32 captures, including recaptured cubs) and the trap rate for individual cubs (25 captures) was 11.2 cubs/100 trap-nights and 8.7/100 trap-nights, respectively. Animals other than foxes were captured only three times, thus the selectivity of the cage-trapping method was high (32/35 = 91.4%). The probability of capturing one cub per night was 70.2% (32 cubs/47 nights). Cubs inhabiting dens in the vicinity of human settlements were less likely to explore and enter traps. Vixens were more likely to relocate their litters if the activity of the staff setting the traps was intense at the trapping site. The success of trapping was higher during poor weather as, for example, during rain or thunderstorms. None of the trapped animals suffered any injuries. Whereas cage trapping can be an effective and safe capture method for juvenile foxes, capture efficiency is affected by the experience of the trappers and a range of other factors including weather and distance to human settlements.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Spence-Bailey, Lisa M., Dale G. Nimmo, Luke T. Kelly, Andrew F. Bennett, and Michael F. Clarke. "Maximising trapping efficiency in reptile surveys: the role of seasonality, weather conditions and moon phase on capture success." Wildlife Research 37, no. 2 (2010): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr09157.

Full text

Abstract:

Context. Designing an appropriate survey protocol requires understanding of how capture rates of target species may be influenced by factors other than on-ground abundance, such as weather conditions or seasonality. This is particularly relevant for ectotherms such as reptiles, as activity can be affected by environmental conditions such as ambient temperature. Aims. The present study examines factors affecting capture success of reptiles in semi-arid environments of southern Australia, and addresses the following two main questions: (1) what is the influence of weather and seasonal factors on capture rates of reptiles, and (2) what are the implications for developing an effective protocol for reptile surveys? Methods. We surveyed reptiles using pitfall traps in spring and summer of 2006/07 and 2007/08 at sites (n = 280) throughout the Murray Mallee region of south-eastern Australia. We used mixed-effect regression models to investigate the influence of seasonal and weather-related variables on species’ capture success. Key results. Total captures of reptiles, and the likelihood of capture of 15 reptile species, increased with rising daily temperature. Greater numbers of individual species were captured during spring than in summer, even though temperatures were cooler. This probably reflects greater levels of activity associated with breeding. Several species were more likely to be captured when maximum or minimum daily temperatures exceeded a certain level (e.g. Lerista labialis, Delma australis, Nephrurus levis). Other factors, such as rainfall and moon phase, also influenced capture success of some species. Conclusions. Surveys for reptiles in semi-arid environments are likely to capture the greatest diversity of species on warm days in late spring months, although surveys on hot days in summer will enhance detection of particular species (e.g. Morethia boulengeri, Varanus gouldii). We recommend trapping during periods with maximum temperatures exceeding 25–30°C and minimum overnight temperatures of 15°C. Finally, trapping during rainfall and full-moon events will maximise chances of encountering species sensitive to these variables (blind snakes and geckoes). Implications. Selecting the most favourable seasonal and weather conditions will help ensure that reptile surveys maximise the likelihood of capturing the greatest diversity of reptiles, while minimising trap-effort required.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Li, Yuguo, Angelo Delsante, and Jeff Symons. "Residential Kitchen Range Hoods - Buoyancy-Capture Principle and Capture Efficiency Revisited." Indoor Air 7, no. 3 (September 1997): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.1997.00001.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Festger, Adam D., and Gary R. Walter. "The Capture Efficiency Map: The Capture Zone Under Time-Varying Flow." Ground Water 40, no. 6 (November 2002): 619–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2002.tb02548.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Morton, SR, MW Gillam, KR Jones, and MR Fleming. "Relative Efficiency of Different Pit-Trap Systems for Sampling Reptiles in Spinifex Grasslands." Wildlife Research 15, no. 5 (1988): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9880571.

Full text

Abstract:

Capture rates of reptiles in four pit-trap systems were compared in arid spinifex grasslands of the Northern Territory. Analysis showed that drift fences significantly increased capture rates, and that pit-traps of larger diameter captured more animals. Pit-traps with an additional drift fence at right angles to the main fence running along the line of traps tended to capture more animals than those with the single main fence. The results suggest that an optimal system for this habitat may be large pit-traps and drift fences arranged in the form of a cross.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Richardson, Bradley M., and Michael B. Flinn. "Increased Probability and Efficiency of Gar Capture Using Multi- vs. Monofilament Gill Nets." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 10, no. 2 (September 1, 2019): 551–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/112018-jfwm-101.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Monofilament gill nets have increased in popularity in recent decades and are often considered to be superior to multifilament gill nets; however, this claim is still contested by many researchers. Target species, habitat characteristics, and mesh characteristics can all affect the efficacy and selectivity of these nets. Increased angling interest and declining home ranges have led to increased management efforts for gars (Lepisosteidae) among state and federal agencies. However, the sampling of gar species is notoriously difficult and has hindered subsequent management actions in some cases. This study aimed to compare probability and incidence rate of gar capture between net constructions (multi- vs. monofilament), net length (75 vs. 46 m length), sampling habitat (run vs. bend), and deployment orientation (parallel vs. perpendicular vs. diagonal in relation to river channel). We also assessed mode of capture investigate the effects of small mesh sizes (50.8 mm) on capture and potential retention of gars captured in gill nets. Results showed that the use of multifilament gill nets were three times more likely to capture at least one gar (1.3–6.3, 95% CI) than monofilament nets. Multifilament gill nets also averaged approximately twice as many gars per net than monofilament gill nets. Increasing water temperature also significantly increased the probability of gar capture, particularly above 15°C. In addition to mesh type and water temperature, habitat and gill net orientation also had significant effects on the incidence rate of gar capture. We primarily captured gars captured in the gill nets by entanglement (63%), which may have allowed for the wide range of length frequencies sampled in this study. Our study highlights the importance of considering multiple gill net constructions, deployments, and habitats when designing a research project or management plan for gar species. The use of multifilament gill nets can help resource managers to sample gar populations more effectively, resulting in better management strategies and practices.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Amos, Brogan A., Kyran M. Staunton, Scott A. Ritchie, and Ring T. Cardé. "Attraction Versus Capture: Efficiency of BG-Sentinel Trap Under Semi-Field Conditions and Characterizing Response Behaviors for Female Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)." Journal of Medical Entomology 57, no. 3 (January 16, 2020): 884–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjz243.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Aedes aegypti (L.) is an important vector of viruses causing dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever and as such is a threat to public health worldwide. Effective trapping methods are essential for surveillance of both the mosquito species and disease presence. The BG-Sentinel (BGS) is a widely used to trap Ae. aegypti but little is known of its efficiency, i.e., what proportion of the mosquitoes encountering the trap are captured. The first version of the BGS trap was predominantly white, and the current version is mostly navy blue. While this trap is often deployed without any olfactory lure, it can also be deployed with CO2 and/or a human skin odor mimic lure to increase capture rates. We tested the efficiency of capturing Ae. aegypti under semi-field conditions for the original white version without lures as well the blue version with and without various lure combinations. None of the configurations tested here captured 100% of the mosquitoes that encountered the trap. A navy-blue trap emitting CO2 and a skin odor mimic produced the highest capture (14% of the total insects in the semi-field cage), but its capture efficiency was just 5% (of mosquitoes encountering the trap). Mosquitoes often had multiple encounters with a trap that did not result in capture; they crossed over the trap entrance without being captured or landed on the sides of the trap. Understanding these behaviors and the factors that induce them has the potential to suggest improvement in trap design and therefore capture efficiency.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Brown, Sarah A., Graeme D. Ruxton, Roger W. Pickup, and Stuart Humphries. "Seston capture by Hydropsyche siltalai and the accuracy of capture efficiency estimates." Freshwater Biology 50, no. 1 (January 2005): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2004.01311.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Grau Carles, A. "EMILIA, the LS counting efficiency for electron-capture and capture-gamma emitters." Computer Physics Communications 174, no. 1 (January 2006): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2005.08.004.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Opell, Brent D., and Harold S. Schwend. "Adhesive efficiency of spider prey capture threads." Zoology 112, no. 1 (January 2009): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2008.04.002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Suo, Zhiyong, Xinghong Yang, Muhammedin Deliorman, Ling Cao, and Recep Avci. "Capture Efficiency ofEscherichia coliin Fimbriae-Mediated Immunoimmobilization." Langmuir 28, no. 2 (December 28, 2011): 1351–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la203348j.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Grönkvist, S., M. Bryngelsson, and M. Westermark. "Oxygen efficiency with regard to carbon capture." Energy 31, no. 15 (December 2006): 3220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2006.03.002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Nakashima, Nobuaki, Tomoyuki Yatsuhashi, Kenji Sakota, Izumi Iwakura, Sena Hashimoto, Keiichi Yokoyama, and Shohei Matsuda. "An electron-capture efficiency in femtosecond filamentation." Chemical Physics Letters 752 (August 2020): 137570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137570.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Mieske, S., and H. Baumgardt. "On the Efficiency of Field Star Capture by Star Clusters." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3, S246 (September 2007): 195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308015603.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractAn exciting recent finding regarding scaling relations among globular clusters is the so-called ‘blue tilt’: clusters of the blue sub-population follow a trend of redder colour with increasing luminosity. In this contribution we estimate by means of collisional N-body simulations to which extent this trend can be explained by field star capture occurring over a Hubble time. We investigate star clusters with 103 to 106 stars. We find that the ratio between captured field stars and total number of clusters stars is very low (≲ 10−4), even for co-rotation of the star cluster in a cold disk. This holds for star clusters in the mass range of both open clusters and globular clusters. Therefore, field star capture is not a probable mechanism for creating the colour-magnitude trend of metal-poor globular clusters.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Shimasaki, Shin Ichi, Shunsuke Narita, and Shoji Taniguchi. "Model Experiment on Removal of Nonmetallic Inclusions by Bubble Flotation." Materials Science Forum 794-796 (June 2014): 1089–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.794-796.1089.

Full text

Abstract:

A new experimental technique, which is based on a kinetic model of particle transport, has been proposed for determination of the capture efficiency of particles by bubble flotation. Cold model experiments by using an aqueous solution and plastic particles are carried out to validate the new experimental technique. Plastic particles having poor wettability tend to adhere to bubbles and they are removed from an aqueous solution by bubble flotation. On the other hand, plastic particles good in wettability are not captured by bubbles. Capture efficiency can be estimated from a difference of transfer rate between the particles having poor and good wettability. The capture efficiency is found to be proportional to the size ratio of particle and bubble, dp/db, and agrees with theoretical results of Sutherland (1948) for a potential flow condition.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Lee, Sang-Min, and Jin-Won Lee. "Performance of the Vortex Ventilator System Based on Capture Velocity and Capture Efficiency." HVAC&R Research 12 (September 1, 2006): 889–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10789669.2006.10391215.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Grau Carles, Agustín, Agustín Grau Malonda, and Pilar Grau Carles. "EMI, the counting efficiency for electron capture, electron capture-gamma and isomeric transitions." Computer Physics Communications 79, no. 1 (February 1994): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-4655(94)90234-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Suyi Yang, Eddie, Navid Aslani, and Anthony McGarry. "Influences and trends of various shape-capture methods on outcomes in trans-tibial prosthetics: A systematic review." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 43, no. 5 (July 31, 2019): 540–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364619865424.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: In trans-tibial prosthetics, shape-capture methods are employed to create a representation of the residuum. Shape-capture methods can be grouped into the categories of ‘hands-on’, ‘hands-off’ and computer-aided design. Objective: This review examines the influences and trends of shape-capture methods on the outcomes of quality, comfort of user and clinical efficiency, in the population of trans-tibial prosthesis users. Study Design: Systematic Review Method: Databases and relevant journals were searched. Participants included trans-tibial prosthetics users/limb models. Interventions included shape-capture methods. Outcomes included quality, comfort of user and clinical efficiency. Results: Overall, 22 papers were evaluated; 8 papers evaluated hands-on and hands-off methods, 2 evaluated computer-aided design and 12 evaluated measurement systems used with shape capture. No papers relating to clinical efficiency were found. Conclusion: Overall evidence was weak in suggesting that effects on outcomes were due to the sole influences of shape capture. However, studies suggest that hands-on methods are dependent on a prosthetist’s skill. Hands-off methods, although repeatable, might still require experience to attain a good fit. Computer-aided design studies were mostly done on theoretical models. Shape-capture measurements require more consistent ‘gold standards’. The relation between socket fit and comfort is still unclear. Overall, more research is required in each area. Clinical relevance A good fitting prosthetic socket is crucial for efficient and comfortable use of a prosthesis. To attain the best chances of a good fit, it is important that the characteristics of the residuum are captured as accurately as possible during the initial “shape capture” stage. This paper attempts to categorize and evaluate the existing shape capture methods on their influence and trends on various outcomes - Quality of shape capture, comfort of user and clinical efficiency.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Lyon, Jarod P., Tomas Bird, Simon Nicol, Joanne Kearns, Justin O’Mahony, Charles R. Todd, Ian G. Cowx, and Corey J. A. Bradshaw. "Efficiency of electrofishing in turbid lowland rivers: implications for measuring temporal change in fish populations." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 71, no. 6 (June 2014): 878–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0287.

Full text

Abstract:

To quantify how electrofishing capture probability varies over time and across physiochemical and disturbance gradients in a turbid lowland river, we tagged between 68 and 95 fish·year−1 with radio transmitters and up to 424 fish·year−1 with external and passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags. We surveyed the site noninvasively using radiotelemetry to determine which of the radio-tagged fish were present (effectively closing the radio-tagged population to emigration) and then electrofished to estimate the proportion of available fish that were captured based on both this and standard mark–recapture methods. We replicated the electrofishing surveys three times over a minimum of 12 days each year, for 7 years. Electrofishing capture probability varied between 0.020 and 0.310 over the 7 years and between four different large-bodied species (Murray cod (Maccullochella peelii), trout cod (Maccullochella macquariensis), golden perch (Macquaria ambigua ambigua), and silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus)). River turbidity associated with increased river discharge negatively influenced capture probability. Increasing fish length increased detection of fish up to 500 mm for Murray cod, after which capture probability decreased. Variation in capture probability in large lowland rivers results in additional uncertainty when estimating population size or relative abundance. Research and monitoring programs using fish as an indicator should incorporate strategies to lessen potential error that might result from changes in capture probabilities.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Hentzen, Eric R., Sriram Neelamegham, Geoffrey S. Kansas, Jennifer A. Benanti, Larry V. McIntire, C. Wayne Smith, and Scott I. Simon. "Sequential binding of CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18 defines neutrophil capture and stable adhesion to intercellular adhesion molecule–1." Blood 95, no. 3 (February 1, 2000): 911–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v95.3.911.003k36_911_920.

Full text

Abstract:

The relative contributions of CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18 to the dynamics and strength of neutrophil adhesion to intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1–transfected cells were examined over the time course of chemotactic stimulation. Suspensions of neutrophils and transfectants were sheared in a cone-plate viscometer, and formation of heterotypic aggregates was measured by 2-color flow cytometry. The 2-body collision theory was used to compute adhesion efficiency, defined as the proportion of collisions between neutrophils and target cells that resulted in capture. ICAM-1 surface density and shear rate both regulated adhesion efficiency. Target cells expressing approximately 1000 ICAM-1 sites/μm2 (Ilow) were captured with an efficiency of 0.15 at 100 s−1, which decreased to zero at 300 s−1. At 8-fold higher ICAM-1 expression (Ihigh) corresponding to levels measured on interleukin-1–stimulated endothelium, efficiency was 0.3 at 100 s−1 and remained above background to 900 s−1. Shear alone was sufficient for CD11a/CD18-mediated adhesion to ICAM-1, and stimulation with formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine boosted capture efficiency through CD11a/CD18 by 4-fold. In comparison, CD11b/CD18 supported one third of this efficiency, but was necessary for aggregate stability over several minutes of shear and at shear stresses exceeding 5 dyne/cm2. Hydrodynamics influenced capture efficiency predominantly through the collisional contact duration, predicted to be approximately 9 milliseconds for successful capture of Ilow and 4 milliseconds for Ihigh. The implication is that an increase in ICAM-1 from resting levels to those on inflamed endothelium effectively increases the permissible shear in which capture through β2-integrins may occur. Neutrophil adhesion to ICAM-1 appears to be a cooperative and sequential process of CD11a-dependent capture followed by CD11b-mediated stabilization.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Molsher, R. L. "Trapping and demographics of feral cats (Felis catus) in central New South Wales." Wildlife Research 28, no. 6 (2001): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr00027.

Full text

Abstract:

A total of 76 feral cats (Felis catus) (29 individuals; 47 recaptures) was trapped during 6027 trap-nights using both cage and leg-hold traps from November 1994 to August 1996 at Lake Burrendong in central New South Wales. No significant difference was found in the relative capture efficiency between cage and leg-hold traps (P > 0.05). Overall capture efficiency was 1.3 cats per 100 trap-nights, although this varied seasonally, being higher in late autumn and early winter. Most cats were caught with rabbit as bait, and visual and olfactory lures added to baits did not appear to increase capture efficiency, although the power of the test was limited. Most captured cats were adult males weighing 4.37 0.14 kg; these were larger than the females (3.34 0.06 kg). Litters, comprising 2–5 kittens, were born between September and March.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Cigana, John F., Giscard Lefebvre, Claude Marche, and Martin Couture. "EXPERIMENTAL CAPTURE EFFICIENCY OF FLOATABLES USING UNDERFLOW BAFFLES." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2000, no. 4 (January 1, 2000): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864700785140683.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Mormann, Michael, and Jasna Peter-Katalini? "Improvement of electron capture efficiency by resonant excitation." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 17, no. 19 (2003): 2208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1163.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Sjöblom, Jonas, Ananda Subramani Kannan, Houman Ojagh, and Henrik Ström. "Modelling of particulate matter transformations and capture efficiency." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 92, no. 9 (August 19, 2014): 1542–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.22004.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Kirchner, Loren M., Robin A. J. Taylor, Roger A. Downer, and Franklin R. Hall. "Calibrating the pesticide capture efficiency of passive dosimeters." Pesticide Science 46, no. 1 (January 1996): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9063(199601)46:1<61::aid-ps332>3.0.co;2-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Sarrot, V., Z. Huang, D. Legendre, and P. Guiraud. "Experimental determination of particles capture efficiency in flotation." Chemical Engineering Science 62, no. 24 (December 2007): 7359–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2007.08.028.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Proulx, Gilbert, Marc Cattet, Thomas L. Serfass, and Sandra E. Baker. "Updating the AIHTS Trapping Standards to Improve Animal Welfare and Capture Efficiency and Selectivity." Animals 10, no. 8 (July 24, 2020): 1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10081262.

Full text

Abstract:

In 1999, after pressure from the European Union, an Agreement on International Humane Trapping Standards (AIHTS) that would result in the banning of the steel-jawed leghold traps in the European Community, Canada, and Russia was signed. The United States implemented these standards through an Agreed Minute with the European Community. Over the last two decades, scientists have criticized the AIHTS for (1) omitting species that are commonly trapped; (2) threshold levels of trap acceptance that are not representative of state-of-the-art trap technology; (3) excluding popular traps which are commonly used by trappers although they are known to cause prolonged pain and stress to captured animals; (4) inadequate coverage of capture efficiency and species selectivity (i.e., number of captures of target and non-target species) performance. Concerns about the ability of standards and test procedures to ensure animal welfare, and about the implementation of standards, have also been voiced by wildlife biologists, managers, and conservation groups. In this review, we present a synopsis of current trapping standards and test procedures, and we compare the standards to a then contemporary 1985–1993 Canadian trap research and development program. On the basis of the above-noted concerns about AIHTS, and our experience as wildlife professionals involved in the capture of mammals, we formulated the following hypotheses: (1) the list of mammal species included in the AIHTS is incomplete; (2) the AIHTS have relatively low animal welfare performance thresholds of killing trap acceptance and do not reflect state-of-the-art trapping technology; (3) the AIHTS animal welfare indicators and injuries for restraining traps are insufficient; (4) the AIHTS testing procedures are neither thorough nor transparent; (5) the AIHTS protocols for the use of certified traps are inadequate; (6) the AIHTS procedures for the handling and dispatching of animals are nonexistent; (7) the AIHTS criteria to assess trap capture efficiency and species selectivity are inappropriate. We conclude that the AIHTS do not reflect state-of-the-art trapping technology, and assessment protocols need to be updated to include trap components and sets, animal handling and dispatching, and trap visit intervals. The list of traps and species included in the standards should be updated. Finally, the concepts of capture efficiency and trap selectivity should be developed and included in the standards. Based on our review, it is clear that mammal trapping standards need to be revisited to implement state-of-the-art trapping technology and improve capture efficiency and species selectivity. We believe that a committee of international professionals consisting of wildlife biologists and veterinarians with extensive experience in the capture of mammals and animal welfare could produce new standards within 1–2 years. We propose a series of measures to fund trap testing and implement new standards.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Wagner, Zachary, John H. Costello, and Sean P. Colin. "Fluid and Predator-Prey Interactions of Scyphomedusae Fed Calanoid Copepods." Fluids 5, no. 2 (April 25, 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids5020060.

Full text

Abstract:

The feeding current of scyphomedusae entrains and transports surrounding fluids and prey through trailing tentacles to initiate encounters with prey. After contact, most prey are retained for ingestion. However, the probability that a contact will occur depends on several factors including capture surface morphology, prey size and behavior. We examined how hydrodynamics, capture surface morphology and prey behavior affect the capture probability of copepods. To do this, we documented medusa-copepod interactions of four species of scyphomedusae (two semeostomes and two rhizostomes) possessing different capture surface morphologies. We tracked the movement and behavior of entrained copepods throughout the feeding process to quantify prey behavior effects upon capture efficiency (# captures/# encounters). The feeding currents generated by all the medusan species generated fluid shear deformation rates well above the detection limits of copepods. Despite strong hydrodynamic signals, copepod behavior was highly variable and only 58% of the copepods reacted to entrainment within feeding currents. Furthermore, copepod behavior (categorized as no reaction, escape jump or adjustment jump) did not significantly affect the capture efficiency. The scale and complexity of the feeding current generated by scyphomedusae may help explain the poor ability of copepods to avoid capture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Hill, David A., Kyle N. Armstrong, and Paul A. Barden. "Preliminary assessment suggests that acoustic lures can increase capture rates of Australian echolocating bats." Australian Mammalogy 37, no. 1 (2015): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am14019.

Full text

Abstract:

Capture is essential for any field research on bats that requires confirmation of species, sex, maturity and reproductive status, or that involves radio-tracking or marking individuals. However, bats can be difficult to capture. We made a preliminary test of the effectiveness of an acoustic lure that produces ultrasonic simulations of bat social calls for enhancing capture rates in harp traps. Over 102 trap-hours at seven forest sites in north-eastern Queensland, 65 bats representing seven species were captured in traps with lures, while no bats were captured in paired control traps. The results indicate great potential for the development and application of acoustic lures to increase the efficiency of field surveys and research on Australian echolocating bats that involve capture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Ahmad, Salman, John Tann, John Gaddy, Aaron McKenzie, Alan Zentz, Ben Naumann, Sophia Toy, and Carla Leighow. "Workflow efficiency pilot study of Surgery Viewer©: A secure hands-free intraoperative multimedia interface for Google Glass™." SAGE Open Medicine 7 (January 2019): 205031211983841. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312119838418.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: The Google Glass™ heads-up-display system has been adopted by the medical field for applications such as image capture, live streaming and decision support. Methods: We designed a custom application for Google Glass™ called Surgery Viewer© to capture patient images and securely transfer them to the electronic medical record. Surgery Viewer© was compared to a standard digital camera and an Apple iOS© device using another image capture application. Comparative workflow metrics included timings of image capture and a usability survey. Results: Ten patients were studied in operating room and wound clinic settings. Average times to log in (Surgery Viewer©, Image Capture™) or turn on (digital camera) were 18.39 s, 9.91 s and 2.11 s for Surgery Viewer©, Image Capture™ and digital camera, respectively. In the operating room, the average times to select the correct patient were 3.06 s, 14.77 s and 4.45 s for Surgery Viewer©, Image Capture™ and digital camera, respectively. Average image capture times were 8.67 s, 7.77 s and 7.60 s for Surgery Viewer©, Image Capture™ and digital camera, respectively. Images captured by Surgery Viewer© and Image Capture™ were instantaneously uploaded to the electronic medical record, but digital camera images took on average 1522 s to be uploaded. In the wound clinic, the average times to select the correct patient were 16.29 s, 7.35 s and 4.63 s for Surgery Viewer©, Image Capture™ and digital camera, respectively. Image capture times were 9.55 s, 5.28 s and 3.47 s, respectively. Digital camera took on average 27,758 s to upload. Conclusion: Surgery Viewer© performed equivalently with Image Capture™ while digital camera took longer to upload. Users found the application easy to learn with Surgery Viewer© concerns, including log on procedure, ambient distraction from voice recognition, viewfinder perspective and battery life.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Tian, Sicong, Feng Yan, Zuotai Zhang, and Jianguo Jiang. "Calcium-looping reforming of methane realizes in situ CO2 utilization with improved energy efficiency." Science Advances 5, no. 4 (April 2019): eaav5077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aav5077.

Full text

Abstract:

Closing the anthropogenic carbon cycle is one important strategy to combat climate change, and requires the chemistry to effectively combine CO2 capture with its conversion. Here, we propose a novel in situ CO2 utilization concept, calcium-looping reforming of methane, to realize the capture and conversion of CO2 in one integrated chemical process. This process couples the calcium-looping CO2 capture and the CH4 dry reforming reactions in the CaO-Ni bifunctional sorbent-catalyst, where the CO2 captured by CaO is reduced in situ by CH4 to CO, a reaction catalyzed by catalyzed by the adjacent metallic Ni. The process coupling scheme exhibits excellent decarbonation kinetics by exploiting Le Chatelier’s principle to shift reaction equilibrium through continuous conversion of CO2, and results in an energy consumption 22% lower than that of conventional CH4 dry reforming for CO2 utilization. The proposed CO2 utilization concept offers a promising option to recycle carbon directly at large CO2 stationary sources in an energy-efficient manner.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Espinosa-Gayosso, Alexis, Marco Ghisalberti, Gregory N. Ivey, and Nicole L. Jones. "Particle capture by a circular cylinder in the vortex-shedding regime." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 733 (September 19, 2013): 171–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2013.407.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractParticle capture, whereby suspended particles contact and adhere to a solid surface (a ‘collector’), is an important mechanism for a range of environmental processes including suspension feeding by corals and ‘filtering’ by aquatic vegetation. In this paper, we use two- and three-dimensional direct numerical simulations to quantify the capture efficiency ($\eta $) of low-inertia particles by a circular cylindrical collector at intermediate Reynolds numbers in the vortex-shedding regime (i.e. for $47\lt \mathit{Re}\leq 1000$, where $\mathit{Re}$ is the collector Reynolds number). We demonstrate that vortex shedding induces oscillations near the leading face of the collector which greatly affect the quantity and distribution of captured particles. Unlike in steady, low-$\mathit{Re}$ flow, particles directly upstream of the collector are not the most likely to be captured. Our results demonstrate the dependence of the time-averaged capture efficiency on $\mathit{Re}$ and particle size, improving the predictive capability for the capture of particles by aquatic collectors. The transition to theoretical high-Reynolds-number behaviour (i.e. $\eta \sim {\mathit{Re}}^{1/ 2} $) is complex due to comparatively rapid changes in wake conditions in this Reynolds number range.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Brandmeier, Markus, Matthias Brossog, and Jörg Franke. "Semantic Meta Model for the Description of Resource and Energy Data in the Energy Data Management Cycle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 871 (October 2017): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.871.69.

Full text

Abstract:

Energy efficiency is a critical competitive factor. Transparency of energy consumption is the key for increasing efficiency of production. For this purpose, existing energy data management systems collect data such as power, gas or water consumption on field level, save them in databases, and aggregate them in reports. However, the identification of saving potentials and the definition of efficiency measures is carried out by energy experts and thus is dependent on a person’s knowledge. The documentation of knowledge about saving potentials and measures does not take place and relations among data and knowledge of various domains are not captured. In this paper, we provide an approach that allows the holistic capture and description of data and knowledge relations. Through the use of an ontology-based meta model, consumption data can be augmented with information about time and place of capture, data type, intended purpose and permissions, as well as interfaces to other systems and relations to knowledge elements. The semantic model is to capture relevant requirements of all information demanders within the energy data management cycle. Therefore, the model is capable of detecting efficiency deficits and retrieving relevant energy efficiency measures within a knowledge base. Thus, energy consumption data can be efficiently used and knowledge about efficiency can be sustainably preserved.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Scanlon, Annette Therese, and Sophie Petit. "Capture success of Fijian bats (Pteropodidae) and their evaluation as umbrella species for conservation." Pacific Conservation Biology 21, no. 4 (2015): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc15019.

Full text

Abstract:

Easily captured species provide powerful opportunities to motivate research and conservation action. Conversely, rare and cryptic species with low capture probability can be difficult to study. We examined the capture success of Fiji’s Pteropodidae (Pteropus tonganus, P. samoensis, Notopteris macdonaldi, and Mirimiri acrodonta) and incorporated capture success and associated observations into an assessment of their suitability as umbrella species for conservation. We caught 252 bats from 2493 mist-net-hours in lowland rainforest near Waisali on Vanua Levu, and 38 bats from 1915 mist-net-hours in cloud forest on Taveuni. Of these captures, 67% were N. macdonaldi, 16% P. tonganus, 18% P. samoensis, and <1% M. acrodonta. All species were difficult to net in cloud forest, where we recorded a female sex bias. Capture success was affected by site, season, and net height; peak capture times varied among species and between sites. N. macdonaldi was recaptured most frequently (8.8%), revealing habitual nightly movements. It has strong potential as an umbrella species for rainforest and cave-dwelling organisms of Fiji, and was readily netted. P. tonganus is an unsuitable umbrella species, P. samoensis has potential as an umbrella species, and M. acrodonta has many attributes of a flagship species. Capture efficiency of N. macdonaldi provides opportunities for monitoring and conservation management activities in Fiji. However, variability in capture success among species means that different approaches should be explored for conserving bats effectively with limited resources.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Pierce, Clay L., Joseph B. Rasmussen, and William C. Leggett. "Sampling Littoral Fish with a Seine: Corrections for Variable Capture Efficiency." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): 1004–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f90-115.

Full text

Abstract:

Capture efficiency of a beach seine varies greatly depending on aspects of the littoral zone habitat and fish community. To address this sampling bias, we quantified seine efficiency and several habitat and fish community variables at 26 littoral stations in 10 southern Quebec lakes. We then generated regression models predicting capture efficiencies for total, midwater, and benthic fish. Predictions from these models yield "sliding" correction factors for seine catches. Bottom snags and seine rolling generally reduced capture efficiencies, and higher proportions of benthic fish were associated with reduced capture efficiencies for total fish. Higher macrophyte biomass was associated with increased capture efficiencies. Fish size was a significant predictor of capture efficiency only for benthic fish; smaller fish escaped the seine more readily. Regression models explained 26–73% of the observed variation in capture efficiency. Use of our models will improve the accuracy of abundance estimates from littoral seining with little additional effort.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Amos, Brogan A., Scott A. Ritchie, and Ring T. Cardé. "Attraction Versus Capture II: Efficiency of the BG-Sentinel Trap Under Semifield Conditions and Characterizing Response Behaviors of Male Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)." Journal of Medical Entomology 57, no. 5 (May 4, 2020): 1539–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa065.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Aedes aegypti (L.) is an important vector of viruses causing dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever and as such presents a serious threat to public health in tropical regions. Control programs involving ‘rear and release’ of modified male Ae. aegypti are underway and require effective trapping methods for surveillance of both the released insects and the impacted wild mosquito population. The BG-Sentinel trap (BGS) is widely used in Ae. aegypti surveillance but its level of efficiency, that is, what proportion of the mosquitoes encountering the trap are captured, is unknown. This is especially true for male mosquitoes, the behavior of which is incompletely understood. We tested the efficiency of two versions of the BGS for capturing male Ae. aegypti under semifield conditions with and without CO2 and a human skin odor mimic lure and with these baits combined. A navy-blue BGS trap emitting CO2 and a human skin odor mimic captured 18% of the released male Ae. aegypti, with a capture efficiency of 9 % (of the total encounters with the trap). Male Ae. aegypti had multiple encounters with the BGS that did not result in capture; they crossed over the trap entrance without being captured or landed on the sides of the trap. Swarming behavior around the BGS was also recorded, even when only a visual cue was present. Understanding male Ae. aegypti behaviors during an encounter with the BGS can inform improvement of trap design and therefore capture efficiency for surveillance in control programs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Machado da Rosa, Joatan, Cristiano João Arioli, Aline Costa Padilha, Lenita Agostinetto, and Marcos Botton. "Effect of food lures for monitoring of Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Acca sellowiana (Myrtaceae)." Revista Colombiana de Entomología 43, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v43i2.5944.

Full text

Abstract:

The South American fruit fly, Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) stands out for its polyphagous habit of damaging the production of several fruits in southern Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the capture efficiency of A. fraterculus using grape juice at different periods of decomposition and aging as well as to test the capture efficiency of the enzymatic hydrolyzed protein Cera Trap® in feijoa crops. The work was conducted in a commercial feijoa orchard in São Joaquim, SC, Brazil during the 2014 growing season. Undiluted Cera Trap®, fresh grape juice and grape juice that had aged for 7 and 14 days were evaluated. All of the treatments with grape juice were used at the recommended concentration of 25 %. McPhail traps were used with 300 mL for each lure. On a weekly basis, the number of adults and the percentage of female fruit flies captured were evaluated, using identification and counting. Cera Trap® was the lure that captured the highest number of fruit flies, with a high percentage of females and with a higher frequency of captures during the season. Cera Trap® also showed the highest number of action thresholds compared to grape juice treatments. The 25 % fresh and aged grape juice showed a low number of captures and a low number of action thresholds. We conclude that fresh and aged grape juice were not effective for capturing and monitoring A. fraterculus in feijoa orchards. The Cera Trap® lure proves to be an alternative to improve monitoring of A. fraterculus in orchards in southern Brazil.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Zengin, Adem, Akif Bozkurt, Ismail Hakki Boyaci, Sadan Özcan, Philippe Daniel, Fabienne Lagarde, Alain Gibaud, et al. "Anisotropic core-shell Fe3 O4 @Au magnetic nanoparticles and the effect of the immunomagnetic separation volume on the capture efficiency." Pure and Applied Chemistry 86, no. 6 (June 18, 2014): 967–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2013-0915.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe aim of this study was to synthesize in high product yield of anisotropic core-shell Fe3 O4@Au magnetic nanoparticles and to investigate the effect of the immunomagnetic separation (IMS) volume on the capture efficiency. For these purposes and for the first time, we synthesized polyhedral magnetic nanoparticles composed of Fe3 O4 core Au shell. To synthesize magnetic gold anisotropic core-shell particles, the seed-mediated synthetic method was carried out. By choosing an appropriate amount of iron particles and growth solution the fine control of the seed-mediated approach is enabled. This led to the high product yield of anisotropic nanoparticles. The magnetic separation of these nanoparticles was easily accomplished, and the resulting nanoparticles were characterized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), near edge absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Additionally, the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles were examined. The magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were modified with antibody and interacted with Escherichia coli (E. coli). The high capture efficiency between the magnetic nanoparticles and E. coli is evidenced by SEM images. The capture efficiency decreases with an increase of volumes, and the highest capture efficiency was observed for E. coli in an experiment volume of 100 μL for magnetic nanoparticles. The percentage of captured E. coli for polyhedral nanoparticles was found to be approximately 95 % and for spherical nanoparticles 88 %, respectively.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Wang, Tao, Kun Ge, Jun Liu, and Meng Xiang Fang. "A Thermodynamic Analysis of the Fuel Synthesis System with CO₂ Direct Captured from Atmosphere." Advanced Materials Research 960-961 (June 2014): 308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.960-961.308.

Full text

Abstract:

Hydrocarbon fuel synthesis with renewable energy and captured CO2is a promising option for CCU and an important approach to sustainable energy. Like photosynthesis of plants, the technology of CO2direct captured from atmosphere with CO2utilization would close the carbon cycle thoroughly. Because of the dilute CO2in the atmosphere, the air capture process faces the challenge of high energy penalty. However, integrated with fuel synthesis process, the air capture process can take advantage of the waste heat produced by syngas production process and the transportation of CO2can also be avoided. In this study, a thermodynamic model of the fuel synthesis system is built through energy and exergy analysis. The thermodynamic contribution of three typical CO2capture technologies, moisture swing air capture, high-temperature swing air capture and traditional amine-based flue gas capture, is studied using the model built. Furthermore, by the sensitivity analysis of the critical parameters of the capture, electrolysis and heat exchange process, the influence of each process on the performance of fuel synthesis system is examined and the approach to improve the efficiency of the total system is proposed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Hallett, Rebecca H., Sheila A. Goodfellow, and James D. Heal. "Monitoring and detection of the swede midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)." Canadian Entomologist 139, no. 5 (October 2007): 700–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n05-071.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractIn 2002, two types of light traps were compared against sticky yellow cards for efficiency and selectivity in capturing adult swede midge Contarinia nasturtii (Kieffer) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Incandescent light traps were more efficient at capturing swede midge than were sticky traps. Incandescent light traps were more selective than blacklight traps and required less time for processing of samples and identification of captured midges. Emergence (2003 and 2004) and pheromone (2004) traps were used to assess swede midge population dynamics. Captures from emergence traps indicate up to five overlapping emergence events for swede midge each year. Emergence traps captured swede midge earlier in the season than pheromone traps, but pheromone-trap captures continued later in the season than those in emergence traps. Pheromone traps are small and portable, easy to maintain, and capture significantly more swede midge than emergence traps.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Jaffar-Bandjee, Mourad, Thomas Steinmann, Gijs Krijnen, and Jérôme Casas. "Insect pectinate antennae maximize odor capture efficiency at intermediate flight speeds." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 45 (October 29, 2020): 28126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2007871117.

Full text

Abstract:

Flying insects are known to orient themselves over large distances using minute amounts of odors. Some bear pectinate antennae of remarkable architecture thought to improve olfactory performance. The semiporous, multiscale nature of these antennae influences how odor molecules reach their surface. We focus here on the repeating structural building blocks of these antennae in Saturniid moths. This microstructure consists of one ramus or branch and its many hair-like sensilla, responsible for chemical detection. We experimentally determined leakiness, defined as the proportion of air going through the microstructure rather than flowing around it, by particle image velocimetry visualization of the flow around three-dimensional printed scaled-up mock-ups. The combination of these results with a model of mass transfer showed that most pheromone molecules are deflected around the microstructure at low flow velocities, keeping them out of reach. Capture is thus determined by leakiness. By contrast, at high velocities, molecular diffusion is too slow to be effective, and the molecules pass through the structure without being captured. The sensory structure displays maximal odor capture efficiency at intermediate flow speeds, as encountered by the animal during flight. These findings also provide a rationale for the previously described “olfactory lens,” an increase in pheromone reception at the proximal end of the sensors. We posit that it is based on passive mass transfer rather than on physicochemical surface processes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

McGregor, Hugh W., Jordan O. Hampton, Danielle Lisle, and Sarah Legge. "Live-capture of feral cats using tracking dogs and darting, with comparisons to leg-hold trapping." Wildlife Research 43, no. 4 (2016): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr15134.

Full text

Abstract:

Context Predation by feral cats is a key threatening process to many species of native Australian wildlife. Unfortunately, cats are difficult to capture using standard trapping techniques, limiting the potential to conduct research on their ecology and impacts. Aims We present an alternative capture method: remote chemical immobilisation after tracking with trained dogs. We also compare capture rates to a concurrent soft-jaw leg-hold trapping program. Methods We used dogs to capture cats detected by spotlighting at night, and also recaptured cats fitted with telemetry collars during the day. Cats were either bailed on the ground or treed and then hand-netted, or chemically immobilised using darts shot from a CO2-powered dart rifle, loaded with tiletamine–zolazepam at ~6 mg kg–1. Factors affecting the success rate of capturing cats using dogs were assessed. Efficiency in terms of cats captured per person-hours of fieldwork were compared using trained dogs versus leg-hold trapping. Key results We attempted 160 cat captures using the tracking dogs with 114 of those being successful. There were no mortalities or debilitating physical injuries associated with chemical immobilisation; however, sedated cats had prolonged recoveries (>4 h). Capture success with the tracking dogs increased as the dogs gained experience. Capture success rates per person-hour of fieldwork were four times greater using spotlighting with tracking dogs than using leg-hold traps. The success rate of recaptures using dogs was 97%. Conclusions The use of trained tracking dogs proved an effective method for capturing feral cats. The method had a much higher success rate than live-trapping with leg-hold traps, took less effort (in terms of person-hours) and caused less physical injuries than did leg-hold traps. However, substantial setup costs and time are required, which are discussed. Implications Using these methods could improve efficiency and outcomes when catching feral cats, and enable more data per individual cat to be collected than otherwise.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Філенко, Олеся Миколаївна, and Світлана Олександрівна Гринь. "Determining the ammonia capture efficiency in combined contact device." Technology audit and production reserves 3, no. 5(17) (June 25, 2014): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2312-8372.2014.25377.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Kossert, K., and A. Grau Carles. "The LSC efficiency for low-Z electron-capture nuclides." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 64, no. 10-11 (October 2006): 1446–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2006.02.059.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Capture efficiency'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles