Academic literature on the topic 'Capteur IR mobile'

Moving picture entertainment is a foremost source of amusement for populace in today’s existence. To entertain populace a lot of investment is put into film production by the film makers. Their endeavour is being ruined by few people by pirate the movies substance. They do it by capture the video recording in mobile phone camera and upload it to websites or put up for sale it to people which cause huge loss. In this research work we are proposea novel technique for reduction of film piracy by avoiding fake video recordings of video in theatres. An indistinguishable luminosity is projected from the display to the whole spectators that falls on the camera lens which is sensitive to infrared light rays Makes the recorded video unfit to watch. A method is developed for anti-piracy system for film industry using steganography technique in MATLAB.

Moving to Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0), the early education sector is not left behind. More of the teaching method is being digitized into a mobile application to assist and enhance the children’s understanding. On the other hand, most of the applications offer passive learning, in which the children complete the activity without interacting with the environment. This study presents an educational mobile application that uses a deep learning approach for interactive learning to enhance English and Arabic vocabulary. Android Studio software and Tensorflow tool were used for this application development. The convolution neural network (CNN) approach was used to classify the item of each category of vocab through image recognition. More than thousands of images each time were pre-trained for image classification. The application will pronounce the requested item. Then, the children will need to move around looking for the item. Once the item’s found, the children must capture the image through the camera’s phone for image detection. This approach can be integrated with teaching and learning techniques for fun learning through interactive smartphone applications. This study attained high accuracy of more than 90% for image classification. In addition, it helps to attract the children's interest during the teaching using the current technology but with the concept of ‘Play’ and ‘Learn’. In the future, this paper recommended the involvement of IoT platforms to provide widen applications.

Background. Smartphone compared to the traditional pen-paper method could enhance oral health data recording procedure by reducing the cost of data collection, risk of data loss, early detection of errors and reducing data entry time. The present research developed a mobile/tablet-based software application to capture oral health data and test its adaptability and operations in oral health surveys. Methods. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among the general population of Sanwer town, Indore district. The initial testing of the application was done on 120 individuals. A random sampling (lottery method) followed by a systematic sampling strategy was employed to select 120 households. A “one per household” design was implemented for the survey. The initial oral health data collection was done using mobile-assisted software application followed by a second examination scheduled after 15 days on the same participants using the conventional Pen-paper method to collect oral health data. Results. Six Investigator Recorder (IR) teams conducted the oral health data collection. Data collection through Smartphone-based application displayed less meantime (3.57 minutes) in comparison to pen-paper method (4.87 minutes) (p≤0.001). Survey team response showed the majority of investigators having strong agreement on user satisfaction and speed of data entry using software application. Conclusion. The initial testing of mobile-assisted recording system (MARS) efficiently captured oral health data among the general population with wide variations in oral disease level. The application facilitated minimal or no wastage of paper and had a high level of user-satisfaction, accuracy, speed of entry and low potential for any data loss.

Like most countries worldwide, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has adversely affected Ireland. The aim of this study was to (i) investigate the spatio-temporal trend of COVID-19 incidence; (ii) describe mobility trends as measured by aggregated mobile phone records; and (iii) investigate the association between deprivation index, population density and COVID-19 cases while accounting for spatial and temporal correlation. Standardised incidence ratios of cases were calculated and mapped at a high spatial resolution (electoral division level) over time. Trends in the percentage change in mobility compared to a pre-COVID-19 period were plotted to investigate the impact of lockdown restrictions. We implemented a hierarchical Bayesian spatio-temporal model (Besag, York and Mollié (BYM)), commonly used for disease mapping, to investigate the association between covariates and the number of cases. There have been three distinct “waves” of COVID-19 cases in Ireland to date. Lockdown restrictions led to a substantial reduction in human movement, particularly during the 1st and 3rd wave. Despite adjustment for population density (incidence ratio (IR) = 1.985 (1.915–2.058)) and the average number of persons per room (IR = 10.411 (5.264–22.533)), we found an association between deprivation index and COVID-19 incidence (IR = 1.210 (CI: 1.077–1.357) for the most deprived quintile compared to the least deprived). There is a large range of spatial heterogeneity in COVID-19 cases in Ireland. The methods presented can be used to explore locally intensive surveillance with the possibility of localised lockdown measures to curb the transmission of infection, while keeping other, low-incidence areas open. Our results suggest that prioritising densely populated deprived areas (that are at increased risk of comorbidities) during vaccination rollout may capture people that are at risk of infection and, potentially, also those at increased risk of hospitalisation.

This paper aims to develop a real-time integrated system for the detection of the blood vein utilizing an Android Mobile App. The system is intended to be a low cost solution for medical teams at clinics, emergency rooms and hosptials. The system reduces the enjuries incurred due to inaccuracies during the process of frequent needle injection when blood vein is not visible during patient’s skin inspection. Illuminated infrared light in the blood cells of the vein is absorbed due to the manifestation of the Haemoglobin in blood and the IR non-blocking camera can capture the vein patterns in the IR light spectrum. Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) algorithm was used to enhance the pattern of the vein in the Android application developed using OpenCV3. Developed system can detect the veins up to 7mm underneath of human skin in real time with a frame rate of 25fps. This is a far better improvement than commercial systems that can detect veins only below 10mm underneath the skin. Moreover, this system not only focused on needle infusion but also it can be used to indicate the place of bleeding for the clots from the human body strokes, etc. in the upper layer of skin. It can also be used to detect measure liquids in encapsulated in confined dark bottles, for example, liquid chemical pouring into the bottles in the chemical companies, liquid medicine pouring to bottles, etc. The system can be further developed to detect skin infection and other dermatological diseases underneath the skin.

Purpose – The paper aims to report the development of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Testbed Training Platform (TTP). The development is to enable users to safely fly and control the UAV in real time within a limited (yet unconstrained) virtually created environment. Thus, the paper introduces a hardware–virtual environment coupling concept, the Panda3D gaming engine utilization to develop the graphical user interface (GUI) and the 3D-flying environment, as well as the interfacing electronics that enables tracking, monitoring and mapping of real-time movement onto the virtual domain and vice verse. Design/methodology/approach – The platform comprises a spring-shuttle assembly fixed to a heavy aluminium base. The spring supports a rotating platform (RP), which is intended to support UAVs. The RP yaw, pitch and roll are measured by an inertial measurement unit, its climb/descend is measured by a low cost infrared proximity sensor and its rotation is measured by a rotary optical encoder. The hardware is coupled to a virtual environment (VE), which was developed using the Panda3D gaming engine. The VE includes a GUI to generate, edit, load and save real-life environments. Hardware manoeuvres are reflected into the VE. Findings – The prototype was proven effective in dynamically mapping and tracking the rotating platform movements in the virtual environment. This should not be confused with the hardware in loop approach, which requires the inclusion of a mathematical model of the hardware in a loop. The finding will provide future means of testing navigation and tracking algorithms. Research limitations/implications – The work is still new, and there is great room for improvement in many aspects. Here, this paper reports the concept and its technical implementation only. Practical implications – In the literature, various testbeds were reported, and it is felt that there is still room to come up with a better design that enables UAV flying in safer and unlimited environments. This has many practical implications, particularly in testing control and navigation algorithms in hazardous fields. Social implications – The main social impact is to utilise the concept to develop systems that are capable of autonomous rescue mission navigation in disaster zones. Originality/value – The authors are aware that various researchers have developed various testbeds, at different degrees of freedom. Similarly, the authors are also aware that researchers have used game engines to simulate mobile robots or sophisticated equipment (like the VICON Motion Capture System) to measure to perform complex manoeuvres. However, the cost of this kind of equipment is very high, autonomous movements are planned in restricted environments and tested systems are only autonomous in certain setups. However, the idea of mapping the dynamics of an avatar flying object onto a 3D-VE is novel. To improve productivity and rapid prototyping, this paper proposes the use of commercially available game engines, such as the Panda3D, to create virtual environments.

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) is a component of particulate matter, emitted from the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous fuels. The presence of BC in the atmosphere can disrupt the atmospheric radiation budget, and exposure to BC can adversely affect human health. Multi-wavelength light-absorption-based dual-spot aethalometers can be used to quantify the source and characteristics of BC from traffic or biomass-burning-based sources. However, aethalometer measurements are affected by artifacts such as aerosol loading and light scattering; hence, they often need correction to reduce measurement uncertainty. This work assesses the performance of the recently developed portable aethalometer (MA300, AethLabs). Due to their portability and ease of usage, MA300s can be suitable for mobile and personal exposure monitoring. Here, we evaluate BC concentration and source apportionment accuracy of three MA300 units relative to a widely used aethalometer, the AE33 (Magee Scientific). Synchronous field measurements were performed at a major traffic intersection during regular and wildfire-smoke-affected days in Vancouver, Canada. We find that MA300-reported BC mass concentrations were strongly correlated (Slope range between 0.73 and 1.01, with R2 = 0.9) compared to the reference instrument, yet there is visible instrumental variability in the normalized concentrations (5 %) across three units. The mean absolute error of MA300-reported BC concentrations ranged between 0.44–0.98 µg m−3, with the highest deviations observed in wildfire-smoke-affected polluted days. From the aerosol light absorption measurement perspective, MA300s tend to underestimate the absorption coefficients (babs) across the five wavelengths. UV channel light absorption results were subjected to the highest amount of noise and were found to be consistently underestimating in all the MA300 units, leading to systematic bias in source apportionment analysis. Absorption Ångström exponent values from the MA300 units were able to capture the variability of aerosol sources within a day, with a mean value of 1.15 during clean days and 1.46 during wildfire-smoke-affected days. We investigated the application of the latest non-linear aethalometer correction protocols in the MA300 and found that flow fluctuations enhanced noise across all channels, compared to onboard instrument correction. We also identify that the UV (λ = 370 nm) channel absorption measurements are most sensitive to instrumental artifacts during the wildfire-smoke-affected period. Hence, as an alternative to traditional UV and IR (λ = 880 nm)-based BC source apportionment methods, in this work, we tested the blue (λ = 470 nm) and IR wavelengths for BC source apportionment calculation. When the blue–IR-based source apportionment technique is adopted instead of the UV–IR, there is a 10 % (on average) decrease in the percentage difference of the apportioned components from the reference monitor.

It was previously found that in emulsion microcrystals (EMC) AgBr (I) (with silver content corresponding to pBr 4), the centers responsible for tunneling recombination at T = 77 K, with a maximum of luminescence at λmax~ 560 nm when excited from light from the absorption region of AgBr (I) EMCs (λ ~ 450 nm) as a result of temperature quenching, they undergo structural transformation into centers, which, under the same excitation, provide tunneling recombination with a wavelength depending on the binder: for EMC AgBr (I) obtained in water ‒ λmax~ 720 nm, in gelatin ‒ λmax~ 750 nm. In the present work, similar structural transformations of the centers determining tunneling recombination with λmax~ 560 nm, to the centers with luminescence on λmax~ 720 nm were implemented for AgBr (I) EMCs synthesized in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with an increase in the content of silver ions in the emulsion (from pBr 4 to 7). Responsible for this transformation, as follows from the obtained results, are mobile interstitial silver ions Agi +, which transform these tunnel recombination centers. The effect of the binder on the recombination processes in EMC AgBr (I) is manifested in changes in the kinetics of the increase in luminescence with λmax~ 560 nm upon excitation by light from the absorption region of AgBr (I) EMC (λ ~ 450 nm) to a stationary level. For a binder whose molecules do not interact with Ag centers Agin+, n = 1, 2 (water, PVA at pBr 4), increase in luminescence with λmax~ 560 nm occurs monotonically from zero to the maximum stationary level. For a binder (in our case, G is gelatin), whose molecules with centers Agin+ (n = 1,2) form complexes (Agin0G+), the kinetics of the increase in luminescence in EMC AgBr (I) to a stationary level at λmax~ 560 nm at pBr 4 is characterized by the presence of “flash flare”. Adsorption on the surface of EMC AgBr (I) (in PVA at pBr 7) of the dye is manifested as follows: if, before the introduction of the dye, the kinetics of the increase in luminescence with λmax~ 560 nm, when excited from light from the absorption region of AgBr (I) EMC (λ ~ 450 nm) to a stationary level, “flare-up” appeared, then after the introduction of the dye, the luminescence increases with λmax~ 560 nm occurs monotonically from zero to the maximum stationary level. Studies of the “flash” of luminescence stimulated by infrared (IR) light, after the termination of the action of exciting light, showed that when the kinetics of the increase in luminescence with λmax~ 560 nm to the stationary level, it exhibits "flare-up", a "flash" stimulated by IR light is not observed at λ ~ 560 nm. In the absence of “flash flare”, a “flash” at λ ~ 560 nm is observed. From our point of view, the results obtained indicate that “flare-up burning” is due to the presence of deep centers of electron localization with a small capture cross section, and not a photochemical reaction stimulated by exciting light. Key words: AgBr (I) microcrystals, emulsions, glow centers, luminescence flare-up.

Background/Purpose: Mobile phone industry is a booming industry in the market in the present times. This industry is growing tremendously not only in urban areas but also in villages. For communication and other various purposes people use Mobile phones. Hence the usage of mobile is much more that before ten years. In urban areas there are many resources available for charging but in rural areas most of the time charging facilities are unavailable and load shedding causes a lot of problems. Sometimes the battery becomes low during conversations or even an important transaction, and an urgent charging becomes necessary. Objective: The major objective of this work is by inserting a coin in public places, one can charge the mobile phone. It will be helpful for the people who are suing mobile phones outside their homes/offices, need to use the coin based mobile phone charger to charge the mobile. To transmit and receive the IR (Infrared) signal, an IR transmitter and IR receiver will be used at the receiving end. A coin needs to be inserted between IR transmitter and receiver, which will change the polarity of the pulses in Signal Conditioning Unit (SCU) input. To activate the 230V charger, the relay will be ON and then the charger is used to charge the mobile phone. Design/Methodology/Approach: Coin-based Mobile charger using solar tracker designed to provide a completely different service to people staying in rural areas. For controlling applications, 8051 microcontroller-based circuits used for programming. Power grid is the used for charging and the energy obtained from the sun is used when grid power is not available. MATLAB is utilized for coding to find the edge of the coin comparing it to the image clicked by the camera and to avoid coin duplication Findings/Results: A simple and effective mobile charger has been implemented, which allow users to charge their phones in an emergency in public areas. This device uses very few components with a microcontroller 8051-based circuit. Usage of stepper motors allows accurate sun tracking. After reviewing the data, it was discovered that it is possible to capture good volume of sun energy when compared with fixed panel system. This method is more efficient, less costly and easier to use. Conclusion: This work uses solar power as solar energy and generates more energy for free of cost. This system also uses external grid power in the absence of solar energy which will be helpful in the rural areas since villages face load shedding most of the time. Paper Type: Research paper on the success story and contributing factors of coin based mobile charger using solar system.

AbstractObjectivesData on inpatient safety are documented by hospital staff through incident reporting (IR) systems. Safety observations from families or patients are rarely captured. The Family Input for Quality and Safety (FIQS) study created a mobile health tool for pediatric patients and their families to anonymously report safety observations in real time during hospitalization. The study objectives were to describe these observations and identify domains salient to safety.MethodsIn this observational study, we analyzed pediatric patient safety reports from June 2017 to April 2018. Participants were: English‐speaking family members and hospitalized patients ≥13 years old. The analysis had two stages: 1) assessment of whether narratives met established safety event criteria and whether there were companion IRs; 2) thematic analysis to identify domains.ResultsOf 248 enrolled participants, 58 submitted 120 narrative reports. Of the narratives, 68 (57%) met safety event criteria, while only one (0.8%) corresponded to a staff‐reported IR. 25% of narratives shared positive feedback about patient safety efforts; 75% shared constructive feedback. We identified domains particularly salient to safety: 1) patients and families as safety actors; 2) emotional safety; 3) system‐centered care; and 4) shared safety domains, including medication, communication, and environment of care. Some domains capture data that is otherwise difficult to obtain (#1‐3), while others fit within standard healthcare safety domains (#4).ConclusionsPatients and families observe and report salient safety events that can fill gaps in IR data. Healthcare leaders should consider incorporating patient and family observations—collected with an option for anonymity and eliciting both positive and constructive comments.

Ce travail anticipe que, dans un monde technologique numérique en constante expansion, les percées technologiques dans l'analyse des données collectées par des dispositifs spectroscopiques permettront l'identification presque instantanée d'espèces connues observées in-situ dans un environnement spécifique, laissant l'analyse approfondie nécessaire aux espèces non observées. La méthode dérivée de la technologie RBDO (Reliability Based Design Optimisation) sera utilisé pour implémenter une procédure d’intelligence artificielle afin d'identifier les espèces observées à partir d'un capteur IR mobile. Afin d'analyser avec succès les données obtenues, il est nécessaire d'assigner de manière appropriée les espèces moléculaires à partir des données IR observées en utilisant les modèles théoriques appropriés. Ce travail se concentre sur l'observation à partir d'appareils mobiles équipés de capteurs, d'antennes et d'électronique appropriés pour capturer et envoyer des données brutes ou analysées à partir d'un environnement spectroscopique IR intéressant. Il est donc intéressant voir indispensable de se concentrer sur les outils théoriques basés sur la symétrie pour l'analyse spectroscopique des molécules, ce qui permet d'identifier les fenêtres IR à choisir pour l'observation dans la conception de l'appareil. Ensuite, en ajustant les paramètres théoriques spectroscopiques aux fréquences observées, le spectre d'une espèce moléculaire peut être reconstruit. Une déconvolution des spectres observés est nécessaire avant l'analyse en termes d'intensité, de largeur et de centre de raie caractérisant une forme de raie. Une stratégie adéquate est donc nécessaire lors de la conception pour inclure l'analyse des données pendant la phase d'observation, qui peut bénéficier d'un algorithme d'intelligence artificielle pour tenir compte des différences dans la signature spectrale IR à cet égard, le pouvoir analytique des données de l'instrument peut être amélioré en utilisant la méthodologie d'optimisation de la conception basée sur la fiabilité (RBDO). Basée sur le comportement multiphysique de la propagation des incertitudes dans l'arbre hiérarchique du système, la RBDO utilise une modélisation probabiliste pour analyser l'écart par rapport à la sortie souhaitée comme paramètres de rétroaction pour optimiser la conception au départ. Le but de cette thèse est de traiter les paramètres de fenêtres d'observation IR, afin de traiter les questions de fiabilité au-delà de la conception mécatronique, pour inclure l'identification des espèces par l'analyse des données collectées
This work anticipates that, in an ever-expanding digital technology world, technological breakthroughs in the analysis of data collected by spectroscopic devices will allow the almost instantaneous identification of known species observed in-situ in a specific environment, leaving the necessary in-depth analysis of unobserved species. The method derived from RBDO (Reliability Based Design Optimization) technology will be used to implement an artificial intelligence procedure to identify observed species from a mobile IR sensor. To successfully analyze the obtained data, it is necessary to appropriately assign molecular species from the observed IR data using appropriate theoretical models. This work focuses on the observation from mobile devices equipped with appropriate sensors, antennas, and electronics to capture and send raw or analyzed data from an interesting IR spectroscopic environment. It is therefore interesting if not essential to focus on symmetry-based theoretical tools for the spectroscopic analysis of molecules, which allows to identify the IR windows to be chosen for observation in the design of the device. Then, by fitting the theoretical spectroscopic parameters to the observed frequencies, the spectrum of a molecular species can be reconstructed. A deconvolution of the observed spectra is necessary before the analysis in terms of intensity, width and line center characterizing a line shape. Therefore, an adequate strategy is needed in the design to include data analysis during the observation phase, which can benefit from an artificial intelligence algorithm to account for differences in the IR spectral signature. In this regard, the analytical power of the instrument data can be improved by using the reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) methodology. Based on the multi-physics behavior of uncertainty propagation in the hierarchical system tree, RBDO uses probabilistic modeling to analyze the deviation from the desired output as feedback parameters to optimize the design in the first place. The goal of this thesis is to address IR observation window parameters to address reliability issues beyond mechatronic design to include species identification through analysis of collected data

The Internet of Things (IoT) is defined by the interconnection between networks of smart devices (objects) through specific communication standards and protocols. Data retrieved from these objects is loaded on cloud servers where it is analyzed, processed and then accessed by users through simple, intuitive, easy-to-use interfaces. The rapid development of IoT applications will steadily increase the demand for skilled personnel in this field. Under these circumstances, the study of IoT basic notions in classrooms becomes a necessity. Using the Arduino and Raspberry Pi development platforms, a wide range of IoT projects can be developed, according to the students' level. These platforms capture environmental data through an extended array of sensors (temperature, light, pressure, humidity, force, acceleration, rotation, sound, IR, magnetic field, etc.), making it perfectly suited to projects development in the educational STEM field (Science, Technology, Engineering and Matemathics). In this study my aim is to show, based on examples, how several IoT projects can be developed in class using the two above mentioned platforms and I emphasize the didactical aspects associated with this study. For the first project I used the Arduino Uno development board, the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, and ESP8266 WiFi module, and showed how the ambient temperature and humidity can be monitored via Internet. The data collected by the sensor was processed by Arduino, sent to the WiFi module and further on a cloud server on the IoT ThingSpeak platform where it was stored, analyzed and graphically represented in real time. In the second project I used a Raspberry Pi development board, a mobile robotic platform powered by two electric motors and equipped with a webcam in order to video monitor, via the Internet, a particular perimeter under observation. The robotic platform on which the surveillance camera is located can be positional controlled using a web browser that can access an HTML page built for this purpose. The final part of this study is dedicated to the assessment of the quality of STEM training results by classes of students who have worked on IoT projects compared with classes that have undergone traditional training courses.