Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Capitalisme et classes sociales'
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Batata, Ahmed. "Dépendance et alliances de classes : l'exemple du Maroc." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100130.
Vakaloulis, Michel. "Modernité avancée et modernisation « post »-moderne : contribution à la critique théorique des pratiques et des représentations de la modernisation capitaliste." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100059.
The purpose of this doctorate thesis consists in theorizing the "post"-modern modernization of prevailing social relations from a double standpoint - an anatomy of current transformations of contemporary capitalism and a critique of "post"-modern concepts connected to this modernization. Beginning from a concept of modernity as an analytical determination of capital, the specific object of this study concerns advanced capitalist modernity, a global experience that characterizes the third capitalist transition ("post"-modern phase). The term of "flexible accumulation" refers to the social structure of "post"-modern modernization whereas the regime of ideological restructuring concerns the emergence of new ideological matrixes (the firm, the market, the ethos of "post"-modern individuality) as new strategically programs of modernization. The methodological concern of the analysis of "post"-modern capitalism, both as a theory of the ongoing process of modernization and as a critique of "post"-modern concepts consists in underlining the new possibilities for collective class and mass action
Papageorgiou, Elisaveth. "Idéologie, fétichisme et représentation. Mutations du capitalisme et intelligibilité du monde contemporain." Thesis, Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080001.
This dissertation examines the contribution of Marxist critique of ideology in understandingthe contemporary world in the face of a double paradox that characterizes our era. Thisparadox consists, on one hand, in the proclamation of the end of ideology, and on the other inthe rise of political powerlessness that nurtures new forms of melancholy.If the problematization of the relationship between forms of consciousness and the conditionsof production of social existence has helped to understand the world of capitalist modernity asa field of struggle and transformation, the changes capitalism is undergoing confronts marxistcritique of ideology with its limits.The totalization of capital relations cancels the conceptual distinctions that have hithertofunctioned as markers for the mapping of the social whole, and generates a new experience ofreality; the world takes the form of a flat and glazed surface that reflects the picture of ourinability to penetrate, to fathom it. This experience favours the imaginary aspect of ideologythat is expressed in the form of binary oppositions while, at the same time, accentuates theaspect of melancholy by adding intensity to sadness.Consequently, if one wants to juxtapose forms of consciousness and the conditions ofproduction of social existence within the socio-historical setting of late capitalism that blursthe limits between them, it is necessary to reconsider both the mode of production andideology. Along that line, the work of Fredric Jameson marks an important renewal of Marxisthermeneutics. The mode of production can henceforth also be considered in terms of theproduction of signs and representations that constantly remodel the lived experience of thedominant mode of production. Ideology is not only limited to its imaginary aspect asexpressed by the binary oppositions, but appears also in the form of symbolic acts throughwhich the subjects become part of collective structures, social synchrony, as well as historicaldiachrony
Servel, Antoine. "Politiques identitaires LGBTQ et capitalisme : histoires croisées du marché gay et de l'activisme aux Etats-Unis." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR2010/document.
The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender community has rapidely become part of american Society. It has won many battles-among them the right to get married-which have changed the way sexual minorities are now seen. Gay culture is everywhere in magazines, in Hollywood, on TV, and we can wonder what were the reasons for such an evolution. We consider that the way the community has understood capitalism enabled those changes. From the creation of a market and its recognition by the mainstream, LGBT people are now consumer activists. We analyse in this PhD dissertation the benefits and setbacks of that activism with regards to the different waves of LGBTQ movements in the twentieh century
Alhaj, Mustafa Mohamed Abdaljbar. "Colonial and Post-colonial Politics of Religion and Ethnicity : Historical Anthropology of Eastern Sudan Marginalization." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080043.
This thesis analyses the long history of economic and political marginalization of Eastern Sudan and class formation in the region. The work is based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Eastern Sudan from 2017 to 2021, by using qualitative techniques and methods (interviews, observations, focus group discussion). Written local sources and archival documents have also been used. From the theoretical point of view, employing Marxist and Postcolonial perspectives, the thesis tackles Foucault’s notion of “governmentality” to understand how the colonial Indirect Rule categorized native populations across religious and ethnic identities, building ideologies and practices which conditioned local socio-cultural dynamics. The thesis argues that under British Native Administration to “define” was to “empower”, and from this perspective it focuses on processes of “class formation” as a major reading key of contemporary social configurations in Eastern Sudan. The thesis also shows how the post-independence regimes undermined the colonial socio-economic and political formations in order to build new loyalties, fuelling new contradictions and conflicts among local groups. In doing so, they confirmed principles of colonial policy of religion and ethnicity and increased conflict in the region. Through an historical approach, the thesis aims to question the roots of a longstanding marginalization of Eastern Sudan, also shedding light on processes of unrest and instability in the region, that emerged since 2019 in the period that followed December Revolution
Le, Lay Stéphane. "Autonomie individuelle et précarisation : dispositifs publics et souffrance sociale en classes populaires." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818951.
Flamein, Richard. "Mobilités sociales et matrice des identités bourgeoises d'Ancien Régime par l'univers matériel : la "résistible ascension" des Le Couteulx (1600-1824)." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUEL025.
« The Ancient Regime society of orders hardly allows social mobilities », « dynastic capitalism in France suffers from its rigid structures », « The 18th century tradesman’s only desire is to rise above his station through the ennobling of his whole lineage »: here are only a few clichés challenged by our thesis, the specificity of which being the originality of our approach: leaving aside identity as an a priori notion, we wish to offer a matrix of the empirical mode of production of bourgeois identities in Ancient Regime based upon a minute analysis of material belongings. We thus intend to establish a near-to-complete view of bourgeois social mobility between 1600 and 1824. With this purpose in mind, our approach clearly distinguishes between strategy and factors of fluidity — the former making up the very bourgeois paradigms of identity : enterprise and capital, properties and territories, family and transmission. Inertia is only apparent and raises the question of the vitality of the forms of social reproduction in the early modern era; emphasis is hence bound to be on the negotiated and always renewed dimension of the elements establishing a social position. Moving from a collective conception of social change as prevailing in the 17th century to a then more fluid and individual-based approach, our dissertation sets out to show the forms of social re-composition in the 18th century. The picture, which thus emerges, is that of a society of appearances as much as a society of movement. Reconsidering the link between mobilities and the formation of social identities, our work aims at shedding a new light on the social meaning of internal destructuring and restructuring, on the redefinition of the notion of belonging, on the negotiating procedures along the borders between groups, and, finally, on the unexpected diffraction of models of promotion in the 18th century through the victory of cultural factors of fluidity on the material types of appropriation, thus redistributing the notions of luxury and ostentatiousness. Not only is the Ancient Regime society mobile, but the conditions of such mobility also change radically through the period we have chosen to study
Melhem, Ghassan. "Le développement économique et le rôle politique du confessionalisme au Liban." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON10019.
The emergence of sectarianism in Lebanon is correlated with the particular development of capitalism in the Lebanese society, which seems different from the model of modernism in the Western and European society. This is how we can argue that the historical emergence of sectarian political formula was not a random or spontaneous phenomenon. It is clear that the institutionalization of sectarianism was the corollary of the deflection or deformation of capitalization and modernization; a sectarian system was established instead than the establishment of a modern state institution on the basis of the social contract that concretize national unity and social solidarity just like the contemporary European society. Thus, the penetration of Western capitalism and the articulation of the national economy into the world capitalist market embody Lebanon's position in the international economy as a peripheral area marginalizing its productive sectors. The commercial and banking bourgeoisie wins in the context of a rent economy by undertaking an intermediary function between West and East. This intermediate bourgeoisie controls the entire Lebanese system in coalition with the traditional aristocracy. It applies to restrict and stifle any form of syndicate or association mobility emanating from a struggle of social classes by creating confessional alignment and confrontation to which is due sectarianism that marks the historical track of the Lebanese public life and the "configuration" of the constitutional structure of the country
FAURE, JEAN MICHEL. "Sport cultures et classes sociales." Nantes, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NANT3018.
In sports, classes and cultures clash on the field of body techniques. The ruling class is at both the beginning and the heart of sports. Ruling means organizing the social fabric in which the bourgeoisie has revealed its orientations. Generation after generation, the sports network has grown tighter, colonizing traditional game forms, integrating new body practices by subjecting them to its norms, and linking virtually every small-town team to international competitions. Such is the organizing scheme : simple to understand yet infinite in extension. Whatever the speciality is, the same principal is at work : sports is one. Institutional sports solidarity should spring only from the agonistic sharing of competitive values. A talented organizer, the bourgeois is an elite practitioner. Working class sports enthousiasts can compete only if they reach professional status. Believing in sports valeurs, the bourgeoisie inculcates and practices them seriously. Bourgeois individualism is one of competition. Succeeding in sports - an activity with transparent norms streamlined by methodical practice - means proving to oneself one's ability to dominate. Working class sports people are "outside", confined to the corners, and their participation is limited to adolescence and low level sports events. But in this conquered space conceded to them, they demand to be heard. If popular sports experience is not stifled, stigma- tized by "savagery" and chauvinism, its practices can provide a basic lesson on the culture of the poor. In concerts of excellence, workers introduce the dissonance : the taste of the game, the affirmation of social and local solidarities, collective craftiness, the public expression of forms of humor : here are the roots of sunday sports pleasure, a dominated and threatened culture, but one that exists. Knowledge of sports suggests a sociological lesson on the realities of contemporary society
Sperber, Nathan. "Repenser le capitalisme d'État : l'économie politique chinoise en perspective comparée." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0070.
This study seeks to revisit the notion of "state capitalism", at once theoretically and empirically, comparatively and monographically, in view of renewing the critical understanding of the state's involvement in capitalist markets in the current period. This endeavour is premised on a critical examination of the extant theoretical literature on state-market relations, including past writings that have grappled explicitly with "state capitalism", both in the previous century and in recent years. It entails, further, the design and implementation of a novel conceptual-methodological framework for the comparative assessment of degrees, modalities, and institutional sites of state control and influence over the economic process. Finally, it features an in-depth investigation of the institutional instantiations and societal ramifications of the party-state's economic attributions in the People's Republic of China, the national formation most frequently identified with state capitalism today. Overall, this study embodies an attempt to vindicate the relevance of a reconstructed concept of state capitalism for critical political economy, and specifically for the research agenda on comparative capitalism. Additionally, it purports to reclaim the problematics of social agency and elite formation in relation to the elucidation of the capitalist state. In so far as it sheds light on China's development trajectory in the reform era and on its present-day political-economic configuration, this study also represents an effort to further the integration of China within comparative research in political economy
Groyer, Sébastien. "Capitalisme et économie de marché." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010515/document.
Ever since they have been conceptually created in the middle of the 19 century, capitalism and market economy have been intertwined. Nevertheless, an accurate study of the definition of capitalism by the most eminent writers such as Marx, Weber, Schumpeter or Braudel, proves the existence of a wide array of definition, which tends to demonstrate a c1ear divergence between capitalism and market economy. Capitalism is therefore re-evaluated and redefined by the market power of shareholders, endured by employees as well as customers, yet socially accepted. Market economy is redefined by the freedom of enterprise as well as choice. Separating capitalism from market economy with these new definitions induces a new criticism of power and its abuse in the name of freedom, which sever capitalism from its traditional defense rhetoric.The notion of competition shifts from capitalism to market economy. Cooperation is added to the market economy, creating a goal of balance of powers rather than perfection as it was suggested by the neoclassical economies. Inscribed al the heart of the company, cooperation opens up a greater customer satisfaction, complementing competition. Corporate governance of a capitalist company, focused on the shareholders' interests, must evolve into balanced corporate governance, enabling compromises stemming from the divergent but legitimate interests of customers, employees, and shareholders. A new market economy with a clear balance of powers, shared between competition and cooperation, comes forth as the liberal, non-State solution to solving the capitalist power
Ibaaquil, Larbi. "Mobilité, classes sociales et passage par l'école au Maroc." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37606039v.
Charolles, Valérie. "Le libéralisme contre le capitalisme Le libéralisme contre le capitalisme Le capitalisme est-il libéral ? Le libéralisme contre le capitalisme II." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2019/2019PA100018/2019PA100018.pdf.
This PhD thesis is mainly based on a book published in 2006, Liberalism against capitalism (Paris, Fayard), which a revised and updated version is also included. The main aim is first to examine the contradictions between liberalism as defined in Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations and current economic practice: work without accounting value, antiliberal capital, capitalist state. It results from this that the widely shared synonymy between "liberalism" and "capitalism" is ideologically, and can be identified with totalitarianism in reference to Hannah Arendt's work, in this case a "soft totalitarianism". A distinction is made in the economic sphere between practices, norms (that shape practices), theories (that are supposed to reflect practices) and wording (which take the form of ideology). This distinction opens a way to think the economy in a radically different perspective, but in different way from John Rawls' Theory of Justice. In line with Ludwig Wittgenstein's analysis of language games, the aim here is to frame a new definition of economic actors and of the nature of their language (accounting language in particular)
Van, Hamme Gilles. "Classes sociales et géographie des comportements politiques en Europe occidentale." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210270.
Ces questions seront abordés à différentes échelles dans les contextes de la Belgique et de l'Europe occidentale en utilisant des sources diverses, en particulier les scores électoraux et les enquêtes individuelles.
La prise en compte des contextes locaux ou régionaux et l'élargissement du champ des études électorales aux attitudes politiques ont permis de mettre en évidence l'importance encore décisive des classes sociales dans l'explication des comportements politiques.
Doctorat en Sciences
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Guérin, Francis. "Histoire et épistémologie du concept de communauté dans la sociologie française aux XIXe-XXe siècles : approches à partir de différents auteurs et courants." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0118.
Oberti, Marco. "Sociétés, localités et classes sociales en Italie : une réflexion sur la territorialisation des formations sociales." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100042.
Piluso, Claire. "Elements de construction de la sexualite : une analyse de l'incorporation des gouts et degouts amoureux et sexuels au prisme de l'homosexualite et des différences sociales et des differences sociales." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2027.
Research questions the socialization processes that make up sexual and love tastes, focusing on a homosexual population. At the heart of this question we have placed a principle of variation of social background of origin and sex which allows to highlight different socializing configurations which would contribute to forming sexual and romantic tastes for the same sex. Research leads to dealing with various questions related to socialization, such as that of the instances of socialization which build the relationship to sexuality, sexual practices, or even that of the temporality of socializations and the force of incorporation of practices, representations and Believes.The survey is based mainly on repeated biographical interviews with the same respondents, the aim of which is to retrace the social and sexual trajectories of the respondents, as well as on observations in an associative environment
Orfanos, Charalampos. "Représentations sociales et comédie : les classes d'âge dans trois pièces d'Aristophane." Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0336.
This thesis has three parts, the first one concerning social representations of age groups in acharnians, the second, in knights and the third, in birds. Its aim is not only to shows the consequences of the age of each mask on each character's attitude. It is, above all, to give an interpretation of the gap often observed in old comedy between the age and the dramatic action of each character. This is why i tried to read these three plays under different points of view, including narrative elements hardly related to the principal matter of my study, such as education, sexuality - above all pederastic sexuality - and even hunting or fishing, the function of the last two of these elements often beign to place the caracters conerned in the margin of the adult male community
Grieco, Allen J. "Classes sociales, nourriture et imaginaire alimentaire en Italie (XIVe - XVe siècles)." Paris, EHESS, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987EHES0067.
Food is not just an inert object influeneed exclusively by the vagaries of economic laws and agricultural techniques. Food is also a social and cultural product that can be studied in much the same way as other such products are studied. Yet, this is an aspect of alimentary history that is all too easily overlooked in a field that lends itself so readily to the powerful presence of a material reality. This thesis constitutes an attempt to remedy this historiographic oversight. Food and foodstuffs are examined here as cultural products within a circumscribed geographic and cronological context (central italy, 1300-1550). The dissertation explores four distinct domains. The first concerns the diets of different social groups (i. E. What was eaten on what occasions by what social groups). The second is an exploration of food prices. The third is an attempt to situate foods and diets in their social and cultural context so as to elucidate the meaning embodied by different foodstuffs not only in practice but also symbolically. The fourth and final question broached concerns the way in which food was evaluated and classified by late medieval and early renaissance scientific discourses (medical, agricultural, botanical, etc. )
Grieco, Allen. "Classes sociales, nourriture et imaginaire alimentaire en Italie XIVe-XVe siècles /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37605563v.
Flandrin, Laure. "Sociologie du rire : Classes sociales d'affects et réception culturelle du comique." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2129.
Do we know what laugh is ? Under the ordinary practice of infinitesimal range, what mechanisms and what uses, what affects and what pleasures, justify the lighting of the tools of social sciences ? To answer these questions, this PhD research takes support on a sociology of the cultural reception of comic arts : it undertakes to include the laugh at the crossroads of the comic arts and of the laughing person. Two types of materials are used and interpreted : the first one comes from a quantitative inquiry led to 210 respondents ; the second one calls 36 singular persons for deepened discussions. In both cases, the investigating belong to all social classes and this sociological diversity shows the impossibility of allocating in the laughter an univocal social or political signification. Then the burst of laughter finds its explanation in the long time of a painstaking sociology of socialization. Based on these two fields, this work compares the comic narrative schemas, shed from his literary features ; and the types of fundamental social experiments lived by the persons who laugh. The laughter is a sign which is worth for something else than itself : he demonstrates recognition sheer of past experiences which are often linked to big initiatory stages of social existence and that could reside in the laughing person in the form of dispositions to laugh : the learning of the walk ; the internalization of big civilisationnels know-how ; affectation by powers, small or big ; the development of political relations with others ; etc. Moreover, if the laughter is well a sign, he is included in a communication of group : it is an act of categorisation that comes along on top of the finest fractures of the society and that, in return, contributes to congeal them or on the contrary to destabilise them. This pragmatic dimension of the laughter invites to revalue the function of socialisation of writings and the major role of the comic stereotypy in the understanding of the social by the laughing person. Finally, the laughter is not an affect unanimous, mechanically extorted to all by the unsurpassed development of the industries of entertainment : it is also necessary to see for it a strategy of cultural distinction
Baudry, Aurélie. "Rapports de Classes et Relations Sociales à Bristol à l'Époque Victorienne." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00600516.
Rubbers, Benjamin. "Congo Casino : Le monde social du capitalisme européen au Katanga (RDC)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210891.
Les Européens (Belges, Grecs et Italiens) du Katanga, dont le nombre s’est considérablement réduit au cours de la période post-coloniale, forment aujourd’hui le groupe le plus puissant de l’économie de la région. Au vu des troubles qui ont marqué l’histoire du Congo depuis l’indépendance, pourquoi sont-ils restés sur place ?Comment ont-ils développé leurs affaires dans une économie sur le déclin, en voie de marginalisation, et dans une structure politique patrimoniale de plus en plus instable ?Et quelle est leur place au sein de la société congolaise ?Telle est la triple question de départ à laquelle tente de répondre cette thèse en abordant de façon successive, au fil des chapitres, leur parcours migratoire, leur insertion dans la société congolaise, la dynamique de leur communauté, leur rôle dans les deux plus gros secteurs de la région, et leurs rapports avec les représentants de l’Etat. Elle prend appui pour ce faire sur une recherche de terrain conduite entre 2003 et 2004.
If the number of Europeans (Belgians, Greeks and Italians) living in Katanga has considerably decreased during the post-colonial period, they represent today the most powerful entrepreneurial group of the local economy. Once considered the troubles they came across since independence, why did they remain in the Congo? How did they develop their business in a declining economy, in process of marginalization, and in a patrimonial political structure, which proves to be more and more unstable? Finally, what is their place and role in Congolese society? These are the three questions this thesis tries to give an answer. Through the chapters, it studies the migration of expatriates in Africa, their relationship with Congolese society, the dynamics of their community, their role in the two most important sectors of Katanga, and the way they interact with the agents of the State. For this purpose, it rests upon a fieldwork research led between 2003 and 2004.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation anthropologie
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Rubbers, Benjamin. "Congo Casino : Le monde social du capitalisme européen au Katanga (RDC)." Doctoral thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0227.
If the number of Europeans (Belgians, Greeks and Italians) living in Katanga has considerably decreased during the post-colonial period, they represent today the most powerful entrepreneurial group of the local economy. Once considered the troubles they came across since independence, why did they remain in the Congo? How did they develop their business in a declining economy, in process of marginalization, and in a patrimonial political structure, which proves to be more and more unstable? Finally, what is their place and role in Congolese society? These are the three questions this thesis tries to give an answer. Through the chapters, it studies the migration of expatriates in Africa, their relationship with Congolese society, the dynamics of their community, their role in the two most important sectors of Katanga, and the way they interact with the agents of the State. For this purpose, it rests upon a fieldwork research led between 2003 and 2004
Fayette, Nicolas. "À l’école des classes dominantes brésiliennes - Marché scolaire, pédagogie et rapports de classes sociales à São Paulo." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA030016.
This thesis is a sociological investigation of the education system of Brazil’s dominant classes, specifically focused on the case of Sao Paulo; and analyzes an educational system in which the social and academic selection of the dominant classes has historically been entrusted to elite private schools. The working hypothesis is based on the idea that the educational market structures the economic modalities, educational objectives and social functioning of the scholastic competition of the dominant classes in São Paulo. I will demonstrate how these private schools have become a market due to the combined actions of the Brazilian state, families and schools. The originality of this scholastic market is that it fundamentally organizes the matching of supply and demand for schooling on the basis of tuition. The latter, combined with the way schools recruit their pupils, classifies and prioritizes the clientele. Depending on their position in the market, schools adopt strategies so as to select, capture, or retain families and students. Families, for their part, hope to attain their ideal of the best school according to their socio-economic resources and their own educational background. By shaping the ways in which families come together and students are socialized, this scholastic market isolates the dominant classes, contributes to the formation of their common culture, and regulates conflicts between its different fractions. The pedagogical style of the schools plays a key role in the expression of socio-political differences between families. Based on rich empirical material (questionnaires, interviews, observations, administrative documentation, statistics, and public reports), this investigation outlines the morphology of the scholastic markets of the dominant classes and their role in the reproduction of Brazilian social and educational inequalities
Esta tese é uma investigação sociológica sobre a escolaridade das classes dominantes brasileiras a partir do caso de São Paulo. Nossa pesquisa analisa um sistema educacional onde a seleção social e acadêmica das classes dominantes é historicamente confiada às escolas públicas de elite. Nossa hipótese de trabalho se baseia na idéia de que o mercado escolar organiza as modalidades econômicas, os propósitos educacionais e as funções sociais da competição escolar das classes dominantes em São Paulo. Mostramos como estas escolas públicas foram constituídas como um mercado através da ação conjunta do Estado brasileiro, das famílias e das escolas. A originalidade deste mercado escolar é que ele organiza fundamentalmente a adequação entre a oferta e a demanda de escolaridade com base nos preços das escolas. As mensalidades escolares, associadas aos métodos de recrutamento escolar, classificam e hierarquizam a clientela. Dependendo de sua posição no mercado, as escolas adotam estratégias para selecionar, capturar ou reter sua clientela. As famílias, por sua vez, esperam aproximar-se de seu ideal de escola de acordo com seus recursos socioeconômicos e sua própria história educacional. Ao dar forma aos modos de reunião das famílias e de socialização dos alunos, o mercado escolar isola as classes dominantes, contribui para a formação de sua cultura comum e regula os conflitos entre suas diferentes frações. O estilo pedagógico das escolas desempenha um papel fundamental na expressão das diferenças sócio-políticas entre as famílias. Com base num amplo material empírico (questionários, entrevistas, observações, literatura especializada, estatísticas, relatórios públicos), esta investigação caracteriza a morfologia dos mercados escolares das classes dominantes e seu papel na reprodução das desigualdades sociais e educacionais brasileiras
Shalan, Thaira. "L'interférence entre les concepts de classe et de catégorie sociale dans la société yéménite." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100112.
This thesis deals with the role of the ideology in falsification of the class consciousness through tackling the following topics: 1) The overlap between the class position and belonging to the ethnic and the occupational groups. 2) The particularity of Yemeni tribe and the articulation between the tribalism and feodalism. 3) The specific forms of the ideology as the antagonism zaydis shaf is and the antagonism kahtani adnani. The later had resulted from the relation between the zaydi imans and the shaykhs of the tribes and which has two aspects : the unity and the conflict. The rise of the commercial bourgeois, the formation of new classes and the revolution of 26 September 1962 had contributed in the better understanding of the social structure in Yemen. Conclusion: the principal social struggle in Yemen is a class struggle. It is not ethnical or doctrinal struggle. Sometimes the secondry struggle influence that struggle, but could not eliminate it
Santos, Armindo dos. "Configurations spatiales et organisation sociale : structure agraire et système de parenté dans le village de Chãos de la région de Beira-Beixa au Portugal." Paris, EHESS, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986EHES0103.
This thesis analyses the relationship between the agricultural structure and the kinship system of the village of chaos, in central north-east portugal. The agricultural structure presents a landscape of enclosures and a high occupancy of small properties. The system of cultivation was based on a dichotomy between outlying non-irrigated single-crop land and irrigated mixed-crop land near the dwelling-house. But as equal sharing-out significantly reduces the size of the fields, mixed-crop farming is increasing, affecting the former balance between the two types of cultivation. Moreover, the old, uniform method of closing-in can no longer be used and a new rationality of adapting the divisions to the size of the fields is taking its place. The kinship system, based on a bilateral terminology, operates by bilinear descent in accordance with one of its variants : by the existence of distinct masculine and feminine lines which in turn favour first-born lines (for the passing on of the name and property). This rule of descent, combined with the dominant matrilocal residence - the men moving away - tends to favour the formation of residential groups based on "gynolines". The result is quite a marked control of the landed property by the women, who are in a position to develop strategies for inheritance which are in their favour (obscured by the official equal sharing-out). These aspects, still very dynamic today, coexist with different administrative norms and give rise to a customary duality between local and administrative individual identity, between beneficiary sharing - according to sex and order of birth - and official equal sharing of property. Thus descent and residence are inscribed in the agricultural landscape : the mixed-crop fields tend to be feminine property and to be handed down from mother to daugther, the single-crop fields to be masculine property and to be handed down from father to son (their extensive cultivation lending itself well to the moving away of the men). The substance of the enclosures then becomes proportional to the degree of kinship of the different owners. These are some of the visible marks of the social organization of the village
Piguet, Marie-France. "Le vocabulaire de la division sociale et la formation du concept de classe : 1758-1828." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030035.
Which linguistic and socio-linguistic processes have led the word classe to become the generic word of social division during the 19th century,the lexical element which expressed the concept of classe? to answer this question,we have collected several textual corpus,in part in the database frantext,and analysed the word classe according to a methodology which associates lexical semantics with larger discurives approches. Firstly,we have looked for the context where the modern meaning of the word has emerged. Afterwards,we have located the modes of its diffusion all along the 18th century,and followed its integration in the historical papers during restauration period till the first formulations of the syntagm lutte(s) de (s) classes. In the same time we have distinguished between the two first strata of the concept,in the phyiocrates's and the comte of saint-simon's texts
Omasombo, Tshonda Jean. "Formation sociale et lutte de classes: réflexions sur l'histoire sociale du Zaïre, 1940-1974." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213425.
Frécenon, Vianello Elisabetta. "La représentation des classes sociales dans le "Fuggilozio" de Tomaso Costo." Saint-Etienne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STET2035.
First published in 1596 Tomaso Costo's ii Fuggilozio is a collection of narratives one would expect to find in the mainstream of the post-conciliar short story tradition. Despite its sharing a number of features with both the boccacian tradition and the work of short story writers of the late 16th century, ii Fuggilozio appears to give a prominent place to the history and chronicle of the period. In this way a number of leit-motivs stemming from this literary tradition are treated with an obvious desire of actualization. After a chapter in which a "cornice" is defined in its relation to the tradition, this study analyzes the image which the author gives to the "peasants", the "nobles, courties and upstarts", the "bourgeois, the craftsmen and the humble folk" while establishing links with the whole body of the short story writers' production (namely boccaccio, masuccio salernitano, fortini, grazzini, erizzo, bandello, giraldi cinzio). The entire study sets out to examine the validity of the representation of the social classes in the book and to analyze the mechanics of the process through which the aristocratic vision of Tomaso Costo, who sees himself above all as a historian, becomes a retranscription of the society in which the author's objectivity becomes affected and even warped by his attachment to a particular social class - the nobility. This enquiry will naturally lead us to a debate on the historical value of the short story and on the role one can ascribe to the analysis of any literary production - and that of the short story in particular - in order to try to understand better the historical development of different societies and mentalities
Baudry, Aurélie. "Rapports de Classes et Relations Sociales à Bristol à l'Époque Victorienne : Mécanismes et manifestations d'un consensus." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2010. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00600516/fr/.
This dissertation examines class relations and social relations in Bristol in the nineteenth century. In the Victorian period, Bristol did not appear as a highly industrialized city, its economy was diversified, its occupational structure was fragmented and preindustrial methods of production still prevailed. This study therefore asks the question of the social consequences of this peculiar economic development. Drawing inspiration from revisionist studies, we wish to suggest that patterns of continuity also came into play to influence social relations. Studying Bristol's philanthropic tradition and its profound attachment to religion enables us to demonstrate how such traditions have shaped class relations. We then proceed to analyze the mechanisms of social control that were used in order to institutionalize class relations. We also focus on the growth of trade unionism and attempt to assess the popularity of the Labour movement before considering the birth of class-consciousness amongst Bristol workers. The objective of this dissertation is to show how the combination of those elements managed to shape class relations and to examine their consequences on the nature of the links existing between classes. We wish, in this study, to throw light on patterns of domination, of conflict, of social control but also on patterns of consent, of cooperation and of consensus
Liucci, Nicolas. "Le spectateur en place : représentation des classes sociales dans l'imagerie contemporaine." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0150.
Issues. During the last three decades, the existence of social classes has been questioned. The recent social evolution has led to the rehabilitation of the "class-conscious" sociological standpoint. Advertising. Some goods, such as clothes and cars, allow their owner to express a certain social status. The interpretation demonstrates marked differences between down-market and up-market advertisements. The iconic analysis shows that the characters are represented in various ways, recalling the topical descriptions of the class structure. This makes clear that a hierarchy of styles exists very similar to the ancient Rhetoric hierarchy. Not only advertising carries a quintessentially conservative representation of the c1ass structure, addressing each one in a hierarchical style, in order to put the viewer in his due place. It is also supporting an ideological vision of the social structure, where the Iower class is merely depicted as debased version of the upper class, as a class deprived of means, a class defined according to what it does not have. Art. The more you climb up to the up-market, in advertising, the more you notice the use of "artistic" languages -including the absence of stereotypes and the manipulation of specific lexicons. Compared to advertising, Art produces "disturbing" pictures -pictures, which would try to challenge the symbolic distribution of places. The analysis shows that specific artworks overthrow the previously established hierarchies, and endeavor to loose the viewer in collages of incongruous elements, in order to arouse his reflection. But it also appears that the "exclusive" context in which the artwork exists alters its subversive potential
Lamchichi, Abderrahim. "Reproduction économique : salariat et socialisation de classes en Algérie." Amiens, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AMIE0020.
Jordana, Contreras Claudia. "Les mots des inégalités. Représentations et stéréotypes des classes sociales à Santiago du Chili." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH046.
This thesis addresses the terms cuico and flaite as categories that have become fundamental in the representation of social classes in Chile today. They are the result of the recent social and cultural transformations and the historical reports that have been woven between groups that compose our society. These two categories express in a language both common and informal the mistrust that exists these days between social classes. Both constituting pejorative categories, cuico, associated to the upper class, and flaite, associated with dangerous popular classes, serve not only to identify this different and specific groups in this moment in Chilean society, but also to trace moral boundaries between the two. They account for the importance of moral language when speaking of social classes in Chile today
Rochais, Véronique. "Les souffrances sociales à la Martinique et leurs modes de gestion." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0479.
In Martinique, french overseas department established on an unegalitarian socio-racial organization inherited from the slave colonial system, the tensions and the disparities between the social environments weigh still heavily. On one hand, the social and economic domination of the ancient colonists, the békés, continues in the time and, on the other hand, the slave past not assumed by a part of the inhabitant of Martinique, descendants of African slaves, still generates frustrations, suffering and a need of gratitude. With this historic suffering another suffering known as social is imbricated, because of the socioeconomic context in which the social inequalities and the distance between the classes do not cease growing hollow. Leaving of this report, on one hand, this thesis suggests analyzing from the thnography of a popular district of Fort-de-France, the dialectic between the social suffreings and the modes of management of the misfortunes, which cross the life of certain inhabitants of Martinique among the most dominated. On the other hand, we lead a reflection on the collective management of the suffering following an air crash, which caused the death of 152 inhabitants of Martinique. This one underline the importance of the attempt of identical reconstrcution during an exceptional position coming to perturb violently the established order
Brito, Rodrigo. "The psychological distinction between social entities and social categories =: La distinction psychologique entre entités sociales et catégories sociales." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211223.
Chauvel, Louis. "Evolution du système de stratification sociale et succession des cohortes : Grandeur et décadence des générations dans la société française des Trente Glorieuses à nos jours." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL12012.
After the proposal of a definition of social stratification system (determined by the attribution of the social resources and by life-chances) and after the exposition of a method for the investigation of the cohort variation of social phenomena, we demonstrate that the changes of the social structure are steadily depending of the phenomenon of cohort succession the cohort who born before 1935 were confronted to a modest universe of social destiny when it is compared to their follower's. The cohorts born during the 40's had experienced an intense transition, and the opportunities to become 'cadre' (manager, experts, high level wage earners) were twice as much as the elders at the age of thirty years old, and after during their career the following cohorts, born after 1950, were confronted to a great stagnation of their opportunities. The major changes of the global social structure that we continue to measure since the economical slow down (1975) is not the consequence of an elevation of the opportunities for all the cohorts, but simply from the replacement of the cohorts which born before the war, where the popular strata were more substantial, by the cohorts bom after 1940 that evolution of social structure is developing in parallel with a specific changes of the distribution by cohorts of income and wealth, where we can measure the absolute economical stagnation of the cohorts who get into the labour market after the economical slow down (1975). A future evolution is forecasted: the ascending mobility rate will stagnate or decrease for the cohorts born during the 70's, and the descending mobility rate will become thice as much as it is for earlier cohorts
Khiari, Sadri. "Marx et l'Etat : la notion de bonapartisme." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA08A001.
According to the Marxist terminology, the notion of Bonapartism refers at first to the experience of the Second Empire whose advent was analyzed by Marx in his three main political written works. In this analysis Bonapartism emerges as a form which is specific to the bourgeois State, characterized by a personal and plebiscitary dictatorship. Bonapartism rests on a strong bureaucratic, police and military machinery and develops a Populist and national ideology. In Bonapartism, bureaucracy governs on behalf of the bourgeoisie but for the benefit of the latter. This of course is a minimal definition that our thesis seeks to question. From which theoretical schema have they developed this Bonapartist hypothesis? What were the main moments of this working out and what were the handicaps this hypothesis encountered?
Mbala, Owono Rigobert. "Origine sociale et éducation au Sud-Cameroun." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H037.
Raad, Lina. "Transformations sociales en banlieue rouge : politiques locales, stratégies résidentielles et inscription territoriale des classes moyennes." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070069.
The red suburbs are a belt of municipalities surrounding Paris that have been conquered by the Communist party from the 20's. For a long time, they have been characterized by social redistribution policies in favour of the working class, especially in the housing field. Since the 70's, the red suburbs have known intense economic and social transformation that destabilized the municipal communism. This thesis deals with the interactions between local housing policies in the red suburbs and residential strategies and territorial integration of middle classes, in a socio-spatial context where they are in minority. Since the 80's, social mix is a main objective of local housing policies in the red suburbs; those municipalities chose to diversify the housing stock, within die social housing stock, but also in developing private houses. The will to attract and stabilize middle classes contends with the necessity of offering dwellings to working classes and destitute populations. This thesis shows that communist municipalities still distinguish themselves by a strong regulation and by innovative practices in the housing policies field. The field survey with middle classes in two municipalities (Bagnolet, Saint-Denis) allows to moderate the role of economic constraints in their residential strategies : settling in the red suburbs give them opportunities to satisfy their aspirations about the dwelling but also about the residential neigbourhood Furthermore, some households show a preference for working class districts, and have a positive attitude towards social mix. In some cases this goes with personal commitment in direction of destitut populations. Some others are more reserved towards social mix, and use territorial conquest strategies, or choose to leave the red suburbs in direction of more wealthy districts. We analyze the functioning of local anchorage and of die attitude towards social mix of middle classes, in relation with their social and residential trajectories
Sakellaropoulos, Spyridon. "Pouvoir politique et forces sociales en Grèce d'aujourd'hui (1974-1988)." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081184.
This work attempts to study the evolution of the greek social formation during the period from 1974 to 1988 and applies to the forms the relation between capital and work has taken, concerning political power and social interests as expressed by the political parties. In parallel to the examination of the historical and empirical data, we attempt to study certain theoretical notions, the use of which proves to be necessary in the frame of this work. Notions as "social classes", "political parties", "state", "political representation", "productive" and "improductive work" are therefore examined under the spectrum of the study of the events that took place in Greece during the period 74-88
Mozzicafreddo, Juan Pedro. "État, mouvements et luttes sociales : processus politique portugais 1974-1976." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON10001.
Garnot, Benoît. "Classes populaires urbaines au XVIIIe siècle : l'exemple de Chartres." Rennes 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985REN20013.
Koupangoye, Jérôme René. "Parenté et sexualité chez les Mbahouin du sud-est du Gabon." Bordeaux 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR21006.
Ibrahim, Jibrin. "L'accès à l'État : classes sociales, élites, factions : une étude du "National Party of Nigeria"." Bordeaux 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR1D032.
Lair, Anne V. "Les arts de la table nourriture et classes sociales dans la littérature français du dix-neuvième siècle /." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1060811394.
Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 195 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 185-195). Abstract available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center; full text release delayed at author's request until 2006 Aug. 21.
Gueye, Seydou Hamady. "Islam chez les Maures, les Hâlpulâr et les Soninké : maraboutisme, confrérisme, syncrétisme, identités nationales et nationalismes." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082382.
Vargas, Francisco Eduardo. "Formes et expériences de privation de travail au Brésil : la construction sociale du chômage dans la perspective d'une sociologie des rapports sociaux." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008VERS013S.
The present thesis aims at analyzing the recent process of unemployment growth in Brazil. The main argument is based upon two theoretical inspirations: the sociology of social relations and the sociology of social classifications. From the methodological point of view unemployment is analyzed taking into account two different dimensions: its historical formation and its impact on individual biographies. The historical approach illustrates how difficult it has been to create an institutional definition for unemployment in the Brazilian demographic classifications, since the variety of employment relations is closely associated with different forms of job deprivation. This categorizing process is tense and ambiguous, related to both official and hegemonic ways of categorization (based on the pattern of stable employment and on its corresponding unemployment pattern), as through ways of peripherical forms of categorization (based on unstable and precarious employment relations, payed or not, inside or outside domestic service). These ambiguousness are observed in both public policies and official data, and expresses the differences in class, gender, generation, color/ethnicity, which singularize the social relations in general and the employment relations in the Brazilian case. As to the biographic approach, it has been observed that the most vulnerable social groups in terms of class, gender and generation have less visible job deprivation experiences, objective and subjectively. On the other hand, the more favorized groups not only seemed to be more sensible to their own experiences of job deprivation, but also tended to categorize these experiences more closely to the official unemployment pattern
Gherardi, Laura. "La mobilité ambigüe : pour une sociologie des classes sociales supérieures dans la société contemporaine." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0062.
The topic of the thesis is the link between power and mobility on the higher levels of the social scale. The sample of the research is formed by more than two hundred of interviewees - among them are top managers in multinational companies, international artists and leading global academics, large proprietors and heirs of great fortunes mainly based in one of the three cities where the empirical analysis took place - Milan, Paris and London. Comparing the mobility plannings and the time schedules of these social groups, we show different forms of international mobility - and correlated structures of personal costs: mobility is a resource and at the same time a constriction weighting today on higher-grade professionals -, strategies for the presence on dislocated social scenes and differences in power on somebody else's rhythm. These results contradict the rhetoric of contemporary managerial literature concerning the rise of an homogeneous elite of citizens of the world and indicate the specific social morphology in post-fordist capitalism
Lair, Anne V. "Les Arts de la Table: Nourriture et Classes Sociales dans la Littérature Française du Dix-Neuvième Siècle." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1060811394.