Journal articles: 'Capital'

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Ostapenko, G. I., and I. Y. Okunev. "Performative“ capitals: developing the capital of the capital city of Jerusalem." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 740, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/740/1/012012.

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Savage, Jesse Dillon, and Jonathan D. Caverley. "When human capital threatens the Capitol." Journal of Peace Research 54, no. 4 (July 2017): 542–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022343317713557.

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How does aid in the form of training influence foreign militaries’ relationship to domestic politics? The United States has trained tens of thousands of officers in foreign militaries with the goals of increasing its security and instilling respect for human rights, democracy, and civilian control. We argue that training increases the military’s power relative to the regime in a way that other forms of military assistance do not. While other forms of military assistance are somewhat fungible, allowing the regime to shift resources towards coup-proofing, human capital is a resource vested solely in the military. Training thus alters the balance of power between the military and the regime resulting in greater coup propensity. Using data from 189 countries from 1970 to 2009 we show that greater numbers of military officers trained by the US International Military Education and Training (IMET) and Countering Terrorism Fellowship (CTFP) programs increases the probability of a military coup.

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Bannor, Richard Kwasi, Helena Oppong-Kyeremeh, Bismark Amfo, Lesley Hope, and Samuel Kwabena Chaa Kyire. "The Nexus Between Cocoa Farmers’ Business Schools Participation and Impact to Support Livelihood Improvement Strategies in Ghana." SAGE Open 12, no. 2 (April 2022): 215824402211081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221108170.

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The authors examined cocoa farmers’ participation in Farmer Business Schools (FBS) in Ghana, impacts of livelihood outcomes (human, physical, financial, and social capitals) on participation, and implications of participation on productivity and per capita expenditure. We used cross-sectional data from 150 cocoa farmers. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, heteroskedastic probit, and doubly robust augmented inverse probability weighted regression adjustment model (AIPW). More than half of cocoa farmers participated in FBS. Financial capital (income and loan accessibility) and social capital (farmer group membership) positively influenced participation in FBS. Nevertheless, human capital (ability to pay medical bills) and physical capital (number of sleeping rooms) negatively influenced participation in FBS. Knowledge and skills cocoa farmers obtained from FBS are new farming methods, creativity in solving farming problems, record keeping, and managerial skills. Participation in FBS had a positive impact and a heterogeneous effect on cocoa farmers’ productivity and per capita expenditure. Given that the impact of FBS was heterogeneous, the FBS curriculum and approach should be segmented for different types of farmers to the generic FBS approaches currently practiced.

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Shanmugam, Jaya Kumar, and Duruvendran Jayakanthan. "A Critical Review on the Trend of Integrated Reporting Capitals." East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 2, no. 5 (May 30, 2023): 1913–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/eajmr.v2i5.3706.

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This paper analyzes the trend of Integrated Reporting capitals in Malaysia, by introducing of integrated reporting framework on the 6 capitals and comparison with some countries across the continent. This research analyses the depth and breadth of IR capital reporting using a checklist derived from the IIRC's framework and conducted using content analysis. The analysis shows that IR capitals are becoming much more forthcoming with information as Financial capital, Manufacture capital, Intellectual capital, Human capital, Social and Relation capital, and Natural capital are all shown to have significantly increased in the sampled IRs. This study particularized each capital on its definition, purpose, and disclosures and help people in charge of governance keep an eye on how they're reporting on IR capitals. It's useful since it highlights where IR capitals may stand to enhance their level of disclosure. This would then aid in assessing whether or not the framework itself needs to be revised

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Keenan, James J. "Intellectual Capital, Communication, and Information in Organisations and Communities." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 12 (July 2000): 2–555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004401230.

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The focus here is on die relation of informatic systems to intellectual capital in work organisations. Intellectual capital is frequently viewed as having several ingredient capitals, for example: human capital, internal structure capital, external structure/customer capital, and innovation capital (for example, Edvinsson & Malone, 1997). Edvinsson and Sullivan define intellectual capital as knowledge that can be converted into value (1996: 358). I argue mat intellectual capital in organisations and other collectivities includes three sets of assets: core capitals of organisational actors, communication capital, and community or social capital. Informatic systems enhance intellectual capital by facilitating the development and use of core knowledge and motivation capitals and the communication and community capitals that are the principal ingredients of intellectual capital as viewed here. Defining the relatively hidden assets of knowledge, motivation, communication, and communities of practice as capital that is essential to the competitive advantages and other successes of organisations underscores the fiduciary responsibility of organisational actors, executives and managers, system designers and operators, and, ultimately, all stakeholders to empower, encourage, and reward value-adding intellectual capital in organisations. The intellectual capital perspective provides a way to conceptualise the always present and often hidden factors which need to be designed, developed, renewed, and otherwise managed in socio-technical systems. The general idea of intellectual capital applies to collectivities of any scale or scope, from small groups through work enterprises to settlements, communities, and whole nations.

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Lyons, Peter, Elizabeth Beck, and Matthew J. Lyons. "Capitalizing Capitol Capital: Child Welfare Policy Advocacy." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 92, no. 3 (July 2011): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.4125.

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Gerko, Elena, and Hélène Rey. "Monetary Policy in the Capitals of Capital." Journal of the European Economic Association 15, no. 4 (August 2017): 721–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvx022.

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Susanti, Neneng, Raden Achmad Drajat Aji Sujai, and Eristy Minda Utami. "PENGARUH HUMAN CAPITAL, STRUCTURAL CAPITAL, DAN RELATIONAL CAPITAL TERHADAP AKREDITASI UNIVERSITAS WIDYATAMA." BISMA 12, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/bisma.v12i2.7906.

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The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of human capital, structure capital, and relational capital on the accreditation of Widyatama University. This is an exploratory research applying associative research method. The data used is primary data. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS statistical software package. The results of this study show that human capital is the most dominant factor affecting accreditation, which is 15.35%, even though statistically it has no significant influence. Overall, intellectual capital factor has no effect on accreditation. Relational and structural capitals have negative effects on accreditation and statistically have insignificant influence. Keywords: Human Capital, Structure Capital, Relational Capital, Accreditation, and Widyatama University.

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Moreno Pestaña, José Luis, and Carlos Bruquetas Callejo. "Sobre el capital erótico como capital cultural." Revista Internacional de Sociología 74, no. 1 (February 4, 2016): e024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ris.2016.74.1.024.

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Moreira, Tito Belchior Silva, Angelo do Nascimento Nogueira, and Carlos Enrique Carrasco-Gutierrez. "Desenvolvimento humano: evidências no modelo MRW ampliado." Economia e Desenvolvimento 34 (May 26, 2023): e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1414650969104.

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Este artigo objetiva desenvolver um IDH genérico (IDHG) e testá-lo para os estados brasileiros no período de 1994 a 2016. Nesse contexto, propomos uma ampliação do modelo MRW, transformando o capital humano em três outras variáveis que representariam melhor o desenvolvimento humano: capital habilidade, capital biofísico e capital social. Os resultados empíricos mostram que o capital físico eleva a renda per capita, o capital habilidade incrementa o PIB per capita, assim como o capital biofísico (saúde) contribui para a elevação do crescimento da renda agregada.

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Bolívar Espinoza, Gardy Augusto, and Antonio Elizalde Hevia. "Capital Social y Capital." Polis (Santiago) 10, no. 29 (August 2011): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-65682011000200001.

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Tri Septiani, Wenny, Zamzami Zamzami, and Candra Mustika. "Analisis pengaruh pendapatan perkapita dan belanja modal terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Pulau Sumatera." e-Jurnal Perspektif Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Daerah 8, no. 3 (September 5, 2019): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/pdpd.v8i3.7351.

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This study aims to: 1) To analyze and determine the development of per capita income, capital expenditure, and poverty levels on the island of Sumatra. 2) To analyze and determine the effect of per capita income and capital expenditure on poverty levels in Sumatra Island. The research analysis tool used panel data regression analysis tools. Based on the results of panel data regression, it can be concluded that per capita income and capital expenditure on the poverty level together have a significant effect. Whereas partially only the per capita income variable had a significant and negative effect on the poverty level, while capital expenditure had no significant and positive effect on the poverty level. Keywords: Poverty rate, Per capita income, Capital expenditures

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Uzuegbunam, Ikenna, Yin-Chi Liao, Luke Pittaway, and G. Jason Jolley. "Human capital, intellectual capital, and government venture capital." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 6, no. 3 (November 6, 2017): 359–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jepp-d-17-00008.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of human and intellectual capital on start-ups’ attainment of government venture capital (GVC). It is theorized that as a result of government predisposition toward enhancing knowledge spillover and certifying underinvested start-ups, different types of human and intellectual capital possessed by start-ups will distinctly affect GVC funding. Design/methodology/approach The Kauffman Firm Survey, a panel data set of 4,928 new US firms over a five-year period (2004-2008), serves as the data source. Ordinary least squares regression, coupled with generalized estimating equations to check for robustness, is used to determine the effect of human and intellectual capital on GVC funding. Findings Founders’ educational attainment has a greater impact than their occupational experience in GVC funding. While the number of patents owned by the start-up increases GVC funding, the number of trademarks and copyrights negatively influence GVC funding. Originality/value By distinguishing between different aspects of human and intellectual capital, this study provides a more nuanced understanding of the influence of new venture resources in the context of GVC.

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Chuong, Huynh Ngoc. "The role of social capital in shaping livelihood for rural Vietnamese households." PLOS ONE 18, no. 12 (December 14, 2023): e0295292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295292.

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This study explores the role of social capital in the livelihoods of rural households in Vietnam, examining both direct and indirect impacts. The author uses a revised sustainable livelihood framework to analyze social capital, focusing on bonding-bridging and linking forms. The study applies quantitative methods to a secondary dataset from a rural household survey, including entropy-weighted indicators, cluster analysis, and SEM models. The findings suggest that social capital has complex and significant impacts on household livelihood strategies. Bridging and linking social capital promotes non-agricultural and wage-based strategies, while bonding social capital drives transfer-based strategies. The study highlights the importance of social capital as a complementary resource to other livelihood capitals, such as financial, human, and physical capital. These results have important implications for policy implementation aimed at supporting rural households and their livelihoods, especially regarding social capital’s interaction with other livelihood capitals. By understanding the complex relationship between social capital, other livelihood capitals and livelihood strategies, policymakers can design more effective policies that harness the potential of social connections to support rural households.

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Gustang, A., Nasir Hamzah, Muslimin K. Hara, and Muh Wahyuddin Abdullah. "DISTRIBUTION OF ZAKAT AND GRDP PER CAPITA IN SOUTH SULAWESI." Jurnal Diskursus Islam 9, no. 2 (August 27, 2021): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/jdi.v9i2.22084.

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This study purpose to test empirically the effect of consumptive ZIS distribution on the ZIS distribution for economic activities and the provision of capital and per capita GRDP. To test the effect of ZIS distribution for economic activities and capital providing on GDP per capita. To test the effect of the consumptive ZIS distribution on the GDP per capita through the ZIS distribution for economic activities and capital providing. The type of research used is quantitative with an explanatory approach. The study population was the districts and cities in South Sulawesi. The data used are: consumptive ZIS distribution, ZIS distribution for economic activities and capital providing and GRDP per capita according to the business fields and constant prices in the form of published documents. The sample used was 105 in the form of data panels consisting of 21 districts and cities using 5 years of documentation data (2015-2019). Data processing and analysis techniques use panel data regression statistical tests and path analysis using Eviews program data processing. The results showed that: (1) Increasing the distribution of consumptive ZIS can increase ZIS distribution for economic activities and capital providing and GRDP per capita. (2) Increasing the distribution of ZIS for economic activities and capital providing can increase GDP per capita. (3) Increasing the consumptive ZIS distribution can increase GDP per capita by increasing the ZIS distribution for economic activities and capital providing. The implication of the research results using the consumptive ZIS distribution approach model and the ZIS distribution for economic activities and the capital providing can be used as an instrument to increase GDP per capita directly and indirectly. This implication can be achieved by encouraging an increase in the consumptive ZIS distribution and the ZIS distribution for economic activities and the provision of capital as well as public awareness of the obligation of zakat.

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Anandavenu, V. "Capital Punishment." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-3, Issue-2 (February 28, 2019): 494–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd21352.

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Byul, Jeon, Moon Kwang Min, Jeong Youn Baek, and Sohn Ho Sung. "A Study on the Impacts of Intellectual Capitals on Organizational Performance: The Intellectual Property Office in Korea." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 22, no. 2 (February 28, 2008): 89–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps22204.

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This study analyzes the impacts of the intellectual capitals of the Korea Intellectual Property Office (KIPO) on organizational performance. In particular, the following have been analyzed: how KIPO's human capital, structural capital, and relational capital affect the activities of the organization's knowledge management; to what degree the levels of knowledge management activities affect the organization's performance; and to what extent the organization's performance varies in accordance with KIPO's intellectual capital levels. This study conducted empirical research and analysis of how the intellectual capitals that KIPO possesses activate knowledge management activities, and which intellectual capitals influence knowledge management and organizational performance. Furthermore, it derived strategic suggestions that can be used for making successful policy on intellectual capital management. The results of the study revealed that in order to enhance organizational performance, KIPO needs to make efforts to promote cognition on the importance of intellectual capitals that it holds, and adopt operational methods to raise the level of relational capitals.

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Athary Ibraheam Alshuaibi, Athary Ibraheam Alshuaibi. "The selection of Islamic capitals: causes and motives." journal of king abdulaziz university arts and humanities 26, no. 2 (February 8, 2018): 275–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/art.26-2.12.

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Choosing a capital for any country or nation is a key factor in its organizational and economical composition. It also gives an impression about its social status and political vision. Most of the motives in choosing a capital for any country are usually unannounced. Researchers have to study that and link it to previous and next events to fully understand the reasons for choosing the capital of any nation. There were many states which ruled and led the Islamic nation world-wide or region-wide. Each of these states had a new capital usually made by them and different from the states before them. This process requires searching and studying from researchers for the motives of choosing the capital of any state. It also needs to be analyzed to discover the common reasons in choosing a capital in these states. For these reasons this study came to discuss the motives and to identify the common factors in choosing the capitals for the Islamic states. As a result, the researcher chose four capitals as a selected sample for the main Islamic caliphates and countries. These capitals are: Kufa, Damascus, Baghdad, and Cairo. The researcher divided the paper into four major parts, and tried through that to study the advantages of these capitals in different areas. These areas are : geography, strategy, military, politics, and economy. The researcher ended the paper with a conclusion which discussed the main results. Overall, the results show that the geographic factor is the most important reason in choosing a capital. Self-sufficiency in economic and food supply was also essential in choosing a capital so the capital does not require any help or support in general. The rulers did not ignore to choose a capital which is a center for their supporters or at least close to them. So, it is clear that choosing the Islamic capitals was done with a lot of efforts and planning. There were some basic features in choosing the capital which gave these states: political strength, and provided military, and economic importance to these states which allowed the capital to stay strong and thriving for long periods. key words: Islamic history - Islamic capitals - Islamic civilization.

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Ivan, M.P. Brata and Nur Wening. "HUMAN CAPITAL SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI INTELLIGENT CAPITAL DALAM DAYA SAING PERUSAHAAN." Jurnal Publikasi Ekonomi dan Akuntansi 3, no. 3 (May 16, 2023): 279–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.51903/jupea.v3i3.1189.

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Human Capital as a part of Intelligent Capital in Company Competitiveness. Every single company’s final goal is to make a profit business. Company market competitiveness is a manifestation of its both performance and quality. The competition demands a well – arranged company resources and capitals include its Intelligent Capital which contain Human Capital. A good Intelligent Capitaled Company indicates by its competent Human Capital, to make sure the company are qualified and well performed enough to be a strong competitor in the market.

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Nhon, Hoang Thanh. "The Intellectual Capital, Firm Performance and the Moderating Role of Manager Skills." Business Management and Strategy 11, no. 2 (August 14, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bms.v11i2.17524.

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The purpose of this article was to explore the moderating role of the manager skills on the relationship between the intangible capitals and firm performance. Specific aims included (a) to synthesize the prior literatures and definitions related to human, organizational and social capital, firm performance and manager skills, (b) to refine conceptual definitions of the human and social capital with associated conceptual antecedent, organizational capital, and consequences, firm performances, (c) to propose a synthesized conceptual framework guiding the mediated moderation of the manager skills on the relationship between intangible capitals and firm performance. The analysis include data collected from a survey with the total of 370 information communication technology (ICT) firm’s managers. The mediating and moderating techniques are used to analyze the indirect effects of organizational capital on firm performance via human and social capital and the moderating role of manager skills on the relationship between intangible capitals and firm performance. The results show that all intangible capital dimensions have direct impacts on firm performance. In addition, there is the existences of the mediating role of the human and social capital on the relationship between firm performance and organizational capital and moderating role of the manager skills on the relationship between intellectual capital dimensions and firm performance. This is the first paper to examine comprehensively the conceptual framework of the moderating role of manager skills on relationships between intangible capitals and firm performance in ICT sector in a developing country like Vietnam.

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Mahavira, Akshay. "Capital Punishment in India (Constitutional Validity of Capital Punishment)." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 11 (November 5, 2023): 1847–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/mr231126193854.

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Sapridah, Finta, and Hijri Juliansyah. "EFFICIENCCY ANALLYSIS OF TAX REVENUES AND AXCESS BUDGET REMAINING ON INDONESIA’S CAPITAL EXPENDITURE." Journal of Malikussaleh Public Economics 3, no. 2 (November 29, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/jmpe.v3i2.3206.

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This studys aims to analyze the efficiency of tax revenues and SILPA on capiital expenditures for each Province in Indonesia. This studying uses time-series data, which includes inputt and outputt variabels: Tax revenue, SILPA, and capital Expenditures for 2016-2018 the method of used in this study is the data Envellopment Analysiis program 2.1 to evaluate the performances of an activity in an entity or organizational unit. The Result of this data Envelopment analysis show that in 2018 only 9 Provinces achieved the levell of capitall expenditures efficiency, consisting of the provinces of Aceh, South Sumatra, DKI Jakarta, Maluku, Papua, Nort Maluku, Gorontalo, West Papua, and West Sulawesi.Keywords: Capital expenditures, Taxes, SILPA, data envelopment analysis.

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Morales-Urrutia, Ximena, Juan Pablo Martínez Mesías, and Karen Yucsin Miranda. "Human capital and per capita income in Ecuador." Medwave 23, S1 (September 1, 2023): eUTA327. http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2023.s1.uta327.

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Introducción A nivel mundial la importancia del capital humano para generar procesos de crecimiento del ingreso per cápita en los países es bien conocida (Camacho & Bajaña, 2020). Se han identificado que las mejoras en el nivel de educación, la experiencia laboral y la capacitación de la mano de obra tienen fuertes efectos en la productividad, que a su vez mejoran el crecimiento, la economía y con esto también generan un mejor ingreso para las personas. Por lo mismo, se sabe que en los países desarrollados han sido los incrementos del capital humano los que han llevado procesos de crecimiento a largo plazo (Colon & Flores, 2012). En este sentido, esta es una variable de gran interés para las economías, porque puede ayudar a que éstas dejen atrás sus problemas estructurales, bajo crecimiento, desempleo e inflación y generen mejores condiciones económicas que determinen mejores ingresos per cápita para la población (Vaca, 2016). En Latinoamérica, en los países más grandes de esta región como Chile, Brasil, Argentina y Uruguay se identificó que los procesos de crecimiento económico de estos países han estado acompañados de mejoras de la inversión privada, que han producido mejoras en el capital humano de estas economías (CEPAL, 2015). Esto quiere decir que el capital extranjero de los países desarrollados ha llegado para estos países y ha mejorado la capacitación o el nivel de capital humano de estas economías, lo que permite el desarrollo de mayores industrias o de otros sectores económicos como la agricultura, tecnología y servicios financieros, los cuales permiten mejorar las economías en estos países y han determinado crecimiento del ingreso per cápita en los mismos (Sanchez & Prada, 2014). Objetivos Determinar si el nivel de capital humano incide en el ingreso per cápita de los ecuatorianos en el periodo 2000-2020. Método En el estudio se realizará estadística descriptiva; que permitirá entender los cambios que se han presentado en las dos variables de estudio de manera individual. Del mismo modo, con el fin de analizar la relación entre el capital humano y la renta per cápita en el Ecuador se elaborará un modelo econométrico de series de tiempo de regresión lineal multiplex estimado por Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (MCO). Principales resultados Los resultados del análisis econométrico que se estableció para determinar la incidencia del capital humano en el ingreso per cápita de los ecuatorianos en el periodo 1990-2020 muestran que en el modelo de regresión lineal múltiple estimado por mínimos cuadrados se obtuvo un R cuadrado de 0,95, lo que determina que el capital humano medido por medio de los años de estudio de la población promedio es estadísticamente significativa para explicar los cambios en la renta per cápita del Ecuador en el periodo de estudio. Esto se verifica en que esta variable presenta un p-valor < 0,0001 de y un estadístico t de 5, 61 por lo cual cuando el capital humano medido por medio de los años de educación aumenta en un año, a su vez, el ingreso per cápita aumenta en 1351 dólares. Esto debido a que las variables presentan una relación positiva, crece el capital humano y de igual manera crece el ingreso per cápita. Por otro lado, la prueba de cointegración de Engel y Granger demostró que las variables no muestran una sincronización a largo plazo. Conclusiones La evolución de los diferentes indicadores de capital humano de la economía ecuatoriana en el periodo de estudio 1990-2020 permiten definir que todos los indicadores del capital humano en la economía de estudio han presentado mejoras significativas, esto sobre todo es visible en los años promedio de estudio de la población y el crecimiento de la fuerza laboral con una educación media o superior. Estas mejoras se han dado de manera gradual y progresiva respondiendo a las diversas estrategias de educación y capacitación que los distintos gobiernos han aplicado, pero sobre todo gracias a la propia iniciativa de las personas las cuales entiende que la educación es un elemento básico para determinar su futuro ingreso.

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Hervault, Mario, and Joseph Godefroy. "Capital culturel ou capital cognitif ?" Revue européenne des sciences sociales, no. 59-1 (May 21, 2021): 199–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/ress.7634.

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Guimarães, Samuel Pinheiro. "Capital nacional e capital estrangeiro." Estudos Avançados 14, no. 39 (August 2000): 143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-40142000000200011.

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PIACENTINO, GIORGIA. "Venture Capital and Capital Allocation." Journal of Finance 74, no. 3 (March 25, 2019): 1261–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jofi.12756.

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Robison, Lindon J., A. Allan Schmid, and Marcelo E. Siles. "Is Social Capital Really Capital?" Review of Social Economy 60, no. 1 (March 2002): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00346760110127074.

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Nisbet, Peter. "Human capital vs social capital." International Journal of Social Economics 34, no. 8 (July 10, 2007): 525–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03068290710763044.

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Roussel, Josse, Faten Ben Bouheni, and Alexandre Guillard. "Capital investissement et capital humain." Revue d'économie financière N° 146, no. 2 (October 20, 2022): 335–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ecofi.146.0335.

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Alfaro, Laura, and Eliza Hammel. "Capital flows and capital goods." Journal of International Economics 72, no. 1 (May 2007): 128–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2006.09.006.

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Cangussu, Ricardo Corrêa, Márcio Antônio Salvato, and Luciano Nakabashi. "Uma análise do capital humano sobre o nível de renda dos estados brasileiros: MRW versus Mincer." Estudos Econômicos (São Paulo) 40, no. 1 (March 2010): 153–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-41612010000100006.

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O capital humano, a produtividade e o capital físico são considerados os principais fatores na determinação do PIB per capita das economias. Conforme a abordagem neoclássica, a acumulação de capital humano explica praticamente um terço da variação do rendimento per capita entre os países. No entanto, ainda persistem discussões sobre as formas em que esse fator afeta o PIB per capita. O objetivo do presente estudo é comparar duas formas funcionais da função de produção para os Estados brasileiros: as propostas por Solow (1956) e por Mincer (1974). Também foram feitas estimações do retorno marginal da educação, além da realização de uma análise da importância do capital humano na determinação do PIB per capita utilizando diferentes métodos de estimação, no período 1980-2002. Os resultados rejeitaram a especificação neoclássica com inclusão do capital humano em favor da minceriana. Adicionalmente, o retorno marginal estimado da educação foi de 15%, e os resultados empíricos sustentam a teoria de que o capital humano é um dos principais fatores na determinação do nível de renda.

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Sheykhi, Mohammad Taghi. "Human Capital vs. Quality of Life: A Sociological Appraisal." Studies in Social Science Research 3, no. 1 (December 9, 2021): p7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sssr.v3n1p7.

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The present article sociologically analyzes how human capital and quality of life mutually affect each other. Yet, human capital is strongly possible in changing quality of life. Most countries first try to build their human capital, to be followed by a better and more prosperous quality of life. For example, South Korea and India in Asia have initially upgraded their human capital which was followed by improvement in quality of life in various sectors. In fact, in all societies, educated men and women generally have lower mortality rates; their offspring also have higher survival rates. Thus, the educational capital that leads to social capital, while affecting the current generation, also has a positive effect on future generations. Almost globally, women with higher levels of education have fewer children. They have better access to birth control tools. Such a quality of life further leads to the continuity of future quality of life. Improved quality of life leads to food per capita, accommodation per capita, services per capita, convenience per capita, and many more.

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Tamer, İdil, Beliz Dereli, and Mehmet Sağlam. "Unorthodox Forms of Capital in Organizations: Positive Psychological Capital, Intellectual Capital and Social Capital." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 152 (October 2014): 963–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.351.

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Colares, André Felipe Vieira. "DOS PECADOS CAPITAIS AOS PECADOS DO CAPITAL." Revista de Administração de Empresas 55, no. 5 (October 2015): 604–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-759020150511.

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LI, Enping. "A Comparative Study of the Costs of Fixed Input in the Urbanization of Chinese Cities at Prefecture Level and Above." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 04, no. 03 (September 2016): 1650020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345748116500202.

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The incomplete corresponding relationship between the input and output of urbanization makes it extremely complex to estimate the urbanization cost. As the estimation has to be based on the costs of urban development, big estimate errors could probably result from different demographic characteristics among cities. The author, by eliminating the factor of demographic characteristics, proposes a three-step estimation method of the costs of fixed input in the urbanization of population: (1) estimating the per capita capital stock of the city; (2) simulating and measuring the corresponding relationship between per capita capital stock and the factor of demographic characteristics of the city; (3) estimating per capita capital stock of the standard population excluding the factor of demographic characteristics of the city, namely the costs of fixed input in urbanization. Meanwhile, the author makes an estimation and comparison of the costs of fixed input in the urbanization of Chinese cities at prefecture level and above in 2010. The result shows that (1) the costs of fixed input in urbanization significantly decrease with the expansion of population; (2) the costs of fixed input in the urbanization of national and provincial capitals are significantly lower than those of other cities; (3) the costs of fixed input in the urbanization of central cities are significantly lower than those of eastern cities.

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Veenstra, Gerry, and Thomas Abel. "Capital interplays and social inequalities in health." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 47, no. 6 (January 23, 2019): 631–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494818824436.

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We explore the ramifications of applying Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of capitals to epidemiological research on socioeconomic health inequalities. Capitals are resources used by individuals and groups to maintain and enhance their positions in the social order. The notion of capital interplay refers to the interconnectedness of multiple forms of capital in the production of good health. We provide definitions of economic, cultural and social capitals and describe a variety of causally distal processes—namely, capital acquisition, multiplier and transmission interplays—from which new hypotheses can be developed to guide future study of socioeconomic health inequalities in modern societies.

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Guihua, Xie, and Wang Linping. "The Impact of Social Capital on Entrepreneurial Performance in Agriculture." E3S Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 03055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125303055.

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In agriculture, social capital plays a major role in entrepreneurial performance. This study divides social capital into bounding social capital and bridging social capital. The data is collected by questionnaire, and the structural equation modeling is used to understand the impact of different social capitals on entrepreneurial performance in agricultural settings. The results show that both bounding social capital and bridging social capital of agricultural entrepreneurs have significant positive impacts on the performance of agricultural entrepreneurship. Agricultural entrepreneurs should strengthen strong relationships with relatives and friends to obtain more bounding social capital, and accumulate heterogeneous resources to develop bridging social capital.

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Chen, Wen-Yan, and Hui-Ling Wendy Pan. "Heading for Success: Three Case Studies of School Transformation through Capital Construction." International Education Studies 9, no. 5 (April 26, 2016): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v9n5p75.

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<p class="apa">Utilizing capital as a construct to analyze leadership that triggers school transformation is a newly emerged perspective. This study employed the capital theory as the framework to explore how schools undertook the transformative tasks by multi-case study. Three secondary schools in Taiwan were recruited to investigate how leaders constructed the intellectual, social, spiritual, and financial capital and the interplay among the capitals. The findings indicated that despite certain strategies commonly employed by case schools, the ways schools develop capitals as the strategy of school transformation depended on their unique context. One form of capital might be used to facilitate another form of capital. The study applied capital perspective to Asian context has extended its explanatory power and has created the basis for further research in the field of school reform.</p>

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Garlinia Yudawisastra, Helin, Daniel T. H. Manurung, and Fitria Husnatarina. "Relationship between value added capital employed, value added human capital, structural capital value added and financial performance." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 15, no. 2 (June 11, 2018): 222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.15(2).2018.20.

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Companies that can survive are companies that need to quickly change its strategy from a business based on labor towards knowledge-based business, so that the main characteristics of the company are changed towards a science-based company. This study examines the relationship of value added capital employed, value-added human capital, structural capital value added and financial performance. The method of this research is purposive sampling with a total of 34 samples analyzed by using Eviews version 9. The result stated that value added capital employed has no effect on return on asset, value added human capital has an effect on return on asset, structural capital value added has an effect on return on asset.

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Lin, Carol Y. Y. "Intellectual capital of South Africa: a comparison with Poland and Romania." Journal of Intellectual Capital 19, no. 3 (May 14, 2018): 498–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jic-12-2016-0146.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to uncover the national intellectual capital (NIC) of South Africa by making comparisons with Poland and Romania. Design/methodology/approach Based on a database of an NIC measurement model spanning 2001-2015, this study plotted the development trend of the NIC and its component capitals – human, market, process and renewal capitals. Their correlations with GDP per capita (ppp) (GDP hereinafter) were also presented. Findings The NIC of South Africa is lower than that of both Poland and Romania. Except for the increase of its human capital together with its GDP, the other capitals have lower relevance. Poland experienced highly correlated growth for its NIC and GDP, shedding light for South Africa. The qualitative findings are also reported. Research limitations/implications The IMD database carries South African data only for the African continent. Therefore, this paper cannot cover other countries from the continent. Practical implications There are three implications from both the quantitative and qualitative analyses: initiate national transformation from the two core issues of education and health; invite and provide attractive incentives for South African returnees from abroad and members of local private sectors to take part in the national transformation efforts; and learn from the NIC development pattern of Poland and Romania by investing in market capital and process capital as soon as possible for faster results. Social implications The research findings of this paper unveil the root of the social problems in South Africa, including education, health, high unemployment and so on. Suggestions are provided for mid-term and long-term potential solutions. Originality/value This paper demonstrates the value of an NIC in the economically successful Poland whose growth and GDP growth occurred at a similar pace.

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Parveen, Musrrat, and Samaher Homoud Alahmadi. "Maximizing job performance through HRD mechanisms: An empirical investigation of the mediating role of multidimensional capital using PLS-SEM analysis." Revista Amazonia Investiga 12, no. 65 (June 30, 2023): 196–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2023.65.05.19.

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The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effect of HRD mechanisms on human capital (HC), social capital (SC), and psychological capital (PsyC), and their ultimate impact on job performance (JP). The study collected 201 fully completed questionnaires from nurses, pharmacists, dentists, physicians, and psychologists out of 330 healthcare professionals. The survey questionnaire was used to assess the impact of HRD mechanisms on the three capitals, which are human, psychological, and social, and their effect on job performance. The Smart PLS-SEM software was employed to test the research hypotheses and fit the conceptual model of the research. The results revealed that the dimensions of HRD mechanisms have a significant and positive impact on job performance, and human capital, social capital, and psychological capital have an influential mediating role. The findings can assist healthcare settings in enhancing job performance by focusing on the indicators highlighted in the study. This paper provides empirical evidence supporting the theory of HRD mechanism and its impact on psychological, human, and social capital, ultimately leading to enhanced job performance in the healthcare industry. The study presents a comprehensive comparison lens to examine the relative contribution of HRD mechanisms and the three capitals to healthcare professionals' job performance. This comparison helps to define the roles of each of the capitals in healthcare sectors and advances the development of theories concerning the significant relationship between HRD mechanisms and the three capitals leading to job performance.

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Sibt e Ali, Muhammad, Muhammad Zahir Faridi, Muhammad Ramzan Sheikh, Kashif Javed, and Muhammad Qasim Javaid. "Nexus Between Technology, Education, Income, and Social Capital in Top 10 Terrorism Affected Countries: The Leading Role of Corruption." Journal of Asian Development Studies 13, no. 1 (February 28, 2024): 599–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.62345/jads.2024.13.1.50.

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There is a strong correlation between the expansion of institutions in nations with advanced educational systems and an increase in the frequency and severity of terrorist attacks. This trend remains substantial even after accounting for factors like per capita income, political stability, unemployment, inequality, and urbanization. This is when the frequency and severity of terrorist attacks appear to be at their highest. Therefore, this study analyzes the impacts of terrorism on education in the top 10 terrorist countries between 2010 and 2020. This study considers the determinants of education (EDU): GDP per capita, terrorism, social capital, technology and physical capital. The study employs FMOLS estimation and the DOLS test to check the results of variables in this study. The effect of GDP per capita, social capital, and physical capital significantly positively impact education in this model. However, terrorism and technology have a negative impact on education. Moreover, the moderate effect of terrorism on social capital, technology and physical capital is negatively related to education. On behalf of the results, this study proposes how a country can maximize education.

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Irmayani, Irmayani, Nur Rahmah Safarina Hamzah, Yusriadi Yusriadi, Adimah Amrawaty, and Rahmadani Rahmadani. "ANALISIS UNSUR MODAL SOSIAL TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS PETANI RUMPUT LAUT DI KECAMATAN SUPPA KABUPATEN PINRANG." Jurnal AGRIBIS 15, no. 1 (January 24, 2022): 1918–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36085/agribis.v15i1.2900.

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Social capital refers to the strength of social relationships among the society which directly affects the productivity and wealthy of the society. This research focuses on certain Social capitals such as: participation in a network, reciprocity, and proactive action. The objective of this research are to determine what social capitals are implemented by the farmenrs and its effect towards the productivity of the seaweed in Suppa Pinrang. This research applied Qualitative-Quantitative research design. Qualitative method is administered to measure the social capital while the Quantitative to explain the productivity of the farmers. The result shows that the strongest social capital is Reciprocity and the others social capital are also positively affect the productivity of the seaweed at Suppa PinrangÂ Keywords: Social capital; farmer; productivity of seaweed

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Anton Lie, Antonius. "The social capital in business organizations: A case study of PT Asia Motor vehicle insurance claim polysindo crime in Jakarta." International Journal for Educational and Vocational Studies 4, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/ijevs.v4i1.6619.

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In recent years, general insurance companies have received attention from the public due to their denial of trust, the weakness of human capital, and physical capital goods. This denial has reduced the energy of social capital which has implications for the low productivity of companies, especially insurance companies. An insurance company at least involves a number of interrelated and cooperating parties, namely: 1) the company, 2) the customer and 3). partner party. The aims of this research are: a. to study and describe the role of social capital in a business organization, especially for the insurance business in Indonesia. b. explain aspects of social capital in PT. Asia Krimere Polysindo (Headquarters and Central Department of Car Insurance Claims) between 1992 and 2005, in relation to the claims process involving external networks such as customers, corporate partners (banks, leasing companies, insurance agents, brokers, workshops) and with other insurance companies. c. identify synergies between financial capital, human capital, physical capital goods and social capital in the organizational structure of the insurance business. From the results of research on synergy between capitals, researchers found 4 patterns of synergy resulting from synergies between human capital, financial capital, physical capital goods and social capital in increasing the productivity of a business organization, namely: 1. Weak positive synergy pattern, 2. Weak synergy pattern negative, 3. Negative strong synergy pattern, 4. Positive strong synergy pattern. corporate partners (banks, leasing companies, insurance agents, brokers, repair shops) and with other insurance companies. c. identify synergies between financial capital, human capital, physical capital goods and social capital in the organizational structure of the insurance business. From the results of research on synergy between capitals, researchers found 4 patterns of synergy resulting from synergies between human capital, financial capital, physical capital goods and social capital in increasing the productivity of a business organization, namely: 1. Weak positive synergy pattern, 2. Weak synergy pattern negative, 3. Negative strong synergy pattern, 4. Positive strong synergy pattern.

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Dańska-Borsiak, Barbara, and Iwona Laskowska. "Selected Intangible Factors Of Regional Development: An Analysis Of Spatial Relationships." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 17, no. 4 (December 30, 2014): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cer-2014-0030.

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As spatial diversity of economic development is one of the main problems of modern economies, researchers have attempted to define the conditions and factors influencing this phenomenon. Among others, two intangible factors are suggested: human capital and social capital (Herbst ed. 2007). The primary objective of this work is a spatial and spatio-temporal analysis of the diversification of human and social capital within the Polish NUTS 3 subregions. The two detailed targets are constructing composite indicator of both of the mentioned types of capital as well as examining spatial interactions between human capital, social capital and the GNP level per capita. The large diversification of human and social capital in the Polish subregions has been confirmed. Clusters of regions with low levels of human capital have been indicated, whereas in the case of social capital a grouping of its high values was observed. The research also confirmed the positive correlation between GNP per capita and human capital, with high values of both variables in the larget cities. Additionally, there are some subregions with high levels of economic development surrounded by low levels of human and social capital (Łódź, Szczecin, Wrocław). It is possible that high level of GNPpc in these regions was the incentive causing the relocation of human capital from the neighbouring regions. The correlation between GNPpc and social capital, where significant, is of the low-high type. These subregions are located in the east and south of Poland.

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Rahmawati, Emma, Varenna Faubiany, Nurul Aldha Mauliddina Siregar, and Taufan Daniarta Sukarno. "Village’s Digital Capital: Positioning and Implementation Concept." JURNAL ILMU SOSIAL 1, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jis.1.1.2021.1-23.

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The progress of a region cannot be separated from the development of digitalization. Now, digitalization is very important in development, because it is a capital that interacts with five offline capitals as social capital, economic capital, personal capital, political capital, and cultural capital owned by the community so that it will improved welfare, income, health, and others. Digital village is an idea that is being proclaimed by local government in collaboration with rural government. Punggul village Badung Region and Beraban village Tabanan Region in Bali Province already programmed digital village in their village development. The purpose of this research is to describe how digitalization is applied in services to the community and village development and how to carry out digitalization as a capital carried out by the Punggul and Beraban Village Governments. This research uses qualitative research methods with case study. Data collecting methods uses interview, observation, and documentation. This research result show us about the position interaction between digital capital and five offline capitals in Punggul village and Beraban village the same is in “the third level of digital divide” which internet used driven by and for the increasing offline capital. While the relationship between digital capital and five offline capital, the Punggul village is the ideal type and Beraban village is the third level of ideal scenario. Digitalization in both of villages become a supportive capital in improving villagers welfare.

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Niu, Runzhen, and Moon Sook Kim. "Iksan and Ancient Capitals in East Asia." RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR THE MAHAN-BAEKJE CULTURE 43 (June 30, 2024): 130–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34265/mbmh.2024.43.130.

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The cultural heritage of Iksan possesses the structural characteristics of an ancient capital, with well-preserved palace grounds, Buddhist temples, the foundations of the royal city, substantially intact royal tombs, and a road network laid out in a grid pattern resembling the shape of the Chinese character “井”, all indicative of a capital city layout. Excavations at the royal palace site have unearthed roof tiles inscribed with the term of “首府(capital)”, while historical records refer to Iksan as the former capital, with both literature and archaeology supporting the notion of Iksan as an ancient capital. The capital Iksan exhibits features typical of East Asian capitals while also reflecting characteristics unique to Baekje's capitals. Under pressure from internal and external forces, Baekje kings may have adopted a “multi- capital system” to adapt and ensure survival. Sabi, Ungjin, and Iksan seem to have all served as capital cities during the reign of King Mu of Baekje. Archaeological findings, historical records, landmarks, and cultural relics collectively confirm the historical reality of Iksan as a capital city, fitting into the historical context of Baekje and conforming to the ancient capital typology of East Asia. Iksan's status as a capital city is substantiated, though the relevant evidence is fragmentary and lacks completeness and systemization. Only through comprehensive research utilizing the method of “bold hypothesis, careful verification” can we possibly confirm and elucidate the appearance and essence of its capital city.

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Yang, Huanxin, Kai Huang, Xin Deng, and Dingde Xu. "Livelihood Capital and Land Transfer of Different Types of Farmers: Evidence from Panel Data in Sichuan Province, China." Land 10, no. 5 (May 17, 2021): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10050532.

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Farmers’ livelihood and land have been the focus of academic and political attention for a long time. In the process of rapid urbanization in China, as farmers change their livelihood strategies and livelihood capital allocation driven by economic interests, farmland abandonment increases, which is not conducive to the guarantee of food security. This study aims to explore the characteristics of livelihood capital and land transfer of farmers under different livelihood strategies and the effect of livelihood capital on land transfer. Based on the data obtained from Sichuan Province in 2012, 2016 and 2019 by the China Rural Development Survey Group, this paper divides farmers into pure farmers, part-time farmers and non-farmers according to the proportion of non-agricultural income in total income, and constructed the panel binary Logit model and panel Tobit model. The analysis points to the following results: (1) pure farmers tend to shift other capitals toward natural capital, so their livelihood capital total index value decreased. The part-time farmers have different shift characteristics but their livelihood capital total index value both increased first and then decreased. Non-farmers tend to shift natural capital towards other livelihood capitals, so their livelihood capital total index value increased. (2) The higher the natural capital and human capital, the higher the probability of land transfers in. The higher the natural capital, the larger the area of land transfers in. The higher the financial capital, the higher the probability of land transfers out. The higher the financial capital and social capital, the larger the area of land transfers out. It is expected to provide suggestions for the policy of farmers’ land transfer under different livelihood capital endowments.

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Kozlov, Dmytro, Yuriy Derev’yanko, Vladyslav Piven, Leonid Melnyk, and Oleksandr Kubatko. "The Financial State of Local Communities: A Comparative Research of Ukraine and the Czech Republic." Economics and Business 35, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eb-2021-0011.

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Abstract The article describes the specific details of local communities functioning in Ukraine and the Czech Republic. It has been examined that Ukraine and the Czech Republic have similar, but not identical systems of local governance. We conducted a comparative analysis of the financial state of local communities in both countries by five indicators. Indicator 1 (total income per capita) characterises the community’s financial potential and reveals that Ukraine’s local communities have fewer financial resources to use. Indicator 2 (total expenditures per capita) describes the ability to provide residents with the resources generated in their community and Czech communities have a higher value of this indicator. Indicator 3 (share of the administrative expenditures) shows the effectiveness of money spent, and local communities in both Ukraine and the Czech Republic spend particularly the same part of their total expenditures on administrative needs. Indicator 4 (capital expenditures per capita) demonstrate how the money generated is spent on urgent capital investments and Ukraine’s communities have much lower capital expenditures per capita than Czech ones. Indicator 5 (the share of capital expenditures in total expenditures) reflects how local communities perceive the importance of investments in capital projects and Ukraine’s communities spend fewer financial resources for capital needs than Czech ones.

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Syladeth, Saychai. "Capital Analysis for Future Resettlement Approaches in Laos." Scholars Journal of Economics, Business and Management 10, no. 1 (January 26, 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjebm.2023.v10i01.001.

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Population resettlement is complex system in planning, implementing and monitoring of administration, land, houses, public facilities, livelihood, and other resources. One important element of resettlement work is the capital which plays a key role in the compensation, resettlement and livelihood restoration among project affected persons caused by development projects. This paper aims to contribute the quantitative analysis of influential capitals related to resettlement perspective. These include the natural capital, human capital, physical capital, social capital and financial capital. The paper also provides the alternative resettlement approaches and modes for future resettlement project in Laos.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Capital'

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