Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Capital gains tax Australia'
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Walpole, Michael Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "Proposals for the reform of the taxation of goodwill in Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Law, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24362.
Full textEvans, Christopher Charles Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "The operating costs of taxing the capital gains of individuals : a comparative study of Australia and the UK, with particular reference to the compliance costs of certain tax design features." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Law, 2003. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20738.
Full textTurvey, Phillip. "The impact of taxes on optimal portfolio choice : an Australian study." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/46825/1/Phillip_Turvey_Thesis.pdf.
Full textSoler, Roch María Teresa. "The Taxation of Capital Gains in Double Tax Convention Models." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118674.
Full textEl artículo trata de la tributación de las ganancias de capital en situaciones transfronterizas, de acuerdo con las disposiciones previstas en los distintos Modelos de Convenio (OCDE, ONU y EEUU). Tras una introducción al tema, el artículo analiza el concepto de ganancias de capital, así como las reglas de atribución aplicables a las ganancias obtenidas en la transmisión de distintos tipos de bienes, incluyendo cláusulas anti-abuso específicas y una referencia final a los impuestos de salida.
Marriage, Wayne Wilson. "An evaluation of the capital gains tax concessions for small business." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16326/1/Wayne_Marriage_Thesis.pdf.
Full textMarriage, Wayne Wilson. "An evaluation of the capital gains tax concessions for small business." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16326/.
Full textRapera, Corazon L. "Potential impacts of various capital gains tax structures on forest investments." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-135205/.
Full textDevlin, Christopher James. "The Effect of the Capital Gains Tax Rate on Earnings Management." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/579041.
Full textSchwarze, Corrinna Lina. "A critical analysis of the capital gains tax system for South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52627.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Capital gains tax has been introduced into the South African tax system for the first time, on all capital gains arising on or after 1 October 2001. The issue of whether a capital gains tax will be a suitable tax for South Africa has already been addressed in the form of Commission Reports. In these reports, the idea of adopting this tax system was not recommended for the South African tax system or only a limited capital gains tax was recommended. This study, however, investigates whether the legislation passed by government is in line with the basic principles of an efficient and effective tax system. Firstly, the principles of an efficient and effective tax system are set out as those originally proposed by Adam Smith as well as those that have been adapted to modern tax theory. The factors that impact on capital gains tax are identified and specific criteria are formulated against which the legislated capital gains tax is evaluated. The mechanics of the capital gains tax is discussed, classified into the factors that impact a capital gains tax and evaluated against the abovementioned criteria. lt has been held that the introduction of this new form of tax to the South African tax system addresses many inefficiencies and deficiencies in the current tax system. lt is the writer's opinion that an investigation as to the degree to which this tax system adheres to the principles of an effective and efficient tax system, was thus necessary. For the purposes of this investigation, the legislated capital gains tax was evaluated against the principles of neutrality, certainty and simplicity, administrative efficiency, flexibility, invisibility and equity (fairness, horizontal and vertical equity). lt was found that the principles of flexibility, fairness and horizontal equity are achieved. To a lesser extent, the principles of neutrality, certainty and simplicity, and administrative efficiency are achieved, and the principles of invisibility and vertical equity have not been achieved.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kapitaalwinsbelasting is nou vir die eerste keer deel van die Suid Afrikaanse belastingstelsel. Dit affekteer alle kapitale winste wat op of na 1 Oktober 2001 realiseer. Die vraagstuk oar die geskiktheid van kapitaalwinsbelasting vir Suid-Afrika is alreeds voorheen in die vorm van Kommissieverslae aangespreek. Geen, of slegs 'n beperkte kapitaalwinsbelasting is in hierdie verslae aanbeveel vir die Suid-Afrikaanse belastingstelsel. Die studie wat volg, ondersoek die mate waarin die wetgewing ten opsigte van kapitaalwinsbelasting aan die basiese beginsels van 'n effektiewe en doeltreffende belastingstelsel voldoen. Eerstens word die beginsels van 'n doeltreffende en effektiewe belastingstelsel uiteengesit as die soos oorspronklik voorgestel deur Adam Smith, asook die wat deur moderne belastingteorie aangepas is. Tweedens word die faktore wat kapitaalwins be·invloed ge·identifiseer en laastens word spesifieke kriteria geformuleer waarteen die kapitaalwinsbelasting geevalueer sal word. Die werking van die kapitaalwinsbelasting word bespreek, geklassifiseer in faktore wat 'n kapitaalwinsbelasting be·invloed en teen die bogenoemde kriteria geevalueer. Daar is beslis dat die toevoeging van hierdie vorm van belasting tot die Suid Afrikaanse belastingstelsel die ondoeltreffendheid en ander gebreke in die huidige belastingstelsel aanspreek. Dit is die skrywer se mening dat 'n ondersoek ten opsigte van die mate waartoe hierdie belastingstelsel die beginsels van 'n effektiewe en doeltreffende belastingstelsel nakom, dus nodig was. Vir die doeleindes van hierdie ondersoek, is kapitaalwinsbelasting geevalueer teen die beginsels van neutraliteit, sekerheid en eenvoudigheid, administratiewe doeltreffendheid, aanpasbaarheid, onsigbaarheid en billikheid (regverdigheid, horisontale en vertikale billikheid). Daar word tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat daar aan die beginsels van aanpasbaarheid, regverdigheid en horisontale billikheid voldoen word. Tot 'n minder mate, word daar aan die beginsels van neutraliteit, sekerheid en eenvoudigheid, en administratiewe doeltreffendheid voldoen. Daar word nie aan die beginsels van onsigbaarheid en vertikale billikheid voldoen nie.
Novack, Garth F. "Treasury bill yield reactions to the 1997 capital gains tax rate reduction." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280313.
Full textPastellas, James P. "Capital gains tax and compensation payments : a clearer understanding of the confusion." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1994. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36402/1/36402_Pastellas_1994.pdf.
Full textSmit, Jacobus Gideon. "Analysis of the interaction between the income tax and capital gains tax provisions applicable to share dealers." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85830.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: The interaction between the income tax provisions contained in sections 9B, 9C, 11(a) and 22 of the Income Tax Act No. 58 of 1962 (the Act), and the capital gains tax (CGT) provisions of the Eighth Schedule of the Act, are complex and share dealers should approach the tax consequences of share dealing profits with caution. The objective of the assignment was to ensure that the share dealing profits of share dealers (who transact on revenue account) are taxed correctly, with specific reference to the interaction between the aforementioned provisions. This was achieved by considering tax cases, the interpretation notes of the South African Revenue Services (SARS) and commentary of tax writers. Examples of share disposals were incorporated to illustrate that consistency is required between the calculation of profits for income tax and CGT purposes. The guidelines laid down by case law to determine the revenue nature of share disposals were investigated. It was concluded that share dealing profits which are designedly sought for and worked for, either as part of a business operation or not, are of a revenue nature and taxable as such. The method of identification of shares sold as trading stock is important when calculating the income tax profit, since it is used in order to determine both which shares are sold as well as the cost of the shares sold. It was concluded that the method of identification applied in terms of generally accepted accounting practice (GAAP) is generally also acceptable from an income tax perspective. Section 9C of the Act provides a share dealer income tax relief when a ‘qualifying share’ is disposed of. Any amount received or accrued as a result of the disposal of a qualifying share is deemed to be of a capital nature, regardless of the revenue intention of the share dealer. Prior to 1 October 2007, section 9B of the Act provided similar relief to the disposal of an ‘affected share’. It was concluded that section 9C of the Act has a wider scope of application compared to section 9B of the Act. Because the proceeds received on the disposal of affected or qualifying shares are excluded from gross income, the acquisition costs previously incurred and deducted in respect of such shares must be included in taxable income. It was determined that the amount to be included in income is the actual cost of such shares and not the opening trading stock value determined in terms of GAAP and claimed in terms of section 22(2) of the Act. It was concluded that the first-in-first-out (FIFO) method of identification should be applied to determine which affected or qualifying shares have been disposed of. From a CGT perspective, it was illustrated that a share dealer loses the opportunity to choose which identification method to apply and is obliged to also apply the FIFO method in calculating the CGT base cost of the shares. It is concluded that the Eighth Schedule of the Act should be amended to clarify that the FIFO method should be applied for CGT purposes where sections 9B or 9C of the Act find application. Only then will the tax profits of a share dealer be in sync with his or her cash benefit.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die interaksie tussen die inkomstebelastingbepalings vervat in artikels 9B, 9C, 11(a) en 22 van die Inkomstebelastingwet No. 58 van 1962 (die Wet), en die kapitaalwinsbelastingbepalings (KWB bepalings) van die Agtste Bylae tot die Wet is kompleks en aandelehandelaars moet die belastinggevolge van aandelewinste met omsigtigheid benader. Die doelwit van die werkstuk was om te verseker dat die winste van aandelehandelaars (wat aandele verkoop op inkomsterekening) korrek belas word, met spesifieke verwysing na die interaksie tussen die voorgenoemde bepalings. Dit is bereik deur die oorweging van hofsake, uitlegnotas van die Suid-Afrikaanse Inkomstediens en kommentaar deur belastingskrywers. Voorbeelde van aandeleverkope is gebruik om te illustreer dat konsekwentheid tussen die berekening van winste vir inkomstebelasting en KWB-doeleindes ‘n vereiste is. Die riglyne wat deur regspraak daargestel is om die inkomste-aard van aandeleverkope vas te stel, is ondersoek. Daar is bevind dat aandelewinste wat opsetlik nagejaag word en voor gewerk word, ongeag of dit deel van die bedryf van 'n besigheid is al dan nie, van ‘n inkomste-aard is en aldus belasbaar is. Die metode van identifikasie van aandele wat as handelsvoorraad verkoop word is belangrik by die berekening die inkomstebelastingwins aangesien dit gebruik word om vas te stel watter aandele verkoop is en wat die koste van die verkoopte aandele is. Daar is bevind dat die metode wat ingevolge algemeen aanvaarde rekeningkundige praktyk (AARP) toegepas is, gewoonlik ook vir inkomstebelastingdoeleindes toelaatbaar is. Artikel 9C van die Wet verskaf aan ‘n aandelehandelaar inkomstebelastingverligting met die verkoop van 'n 'kwalifiserende aandeel' deurdat die bedrag ontvang of toegeval geag word van 'n kapitale aard te wees, ongeag die inkomstebedoeling van die aandelehandelaar. Voor 1 Oktober 2007 het artikel 9B van die Wet soortgelyke verligting verskaf met die verkoop van n 'geaffekteerde aandeel’. Daar is vasgestel dat artikel 9C van die Wet 'n wyer toepassing het in vergelyking met artikel 9B van die Wet. Omrede die opbrengs ontvang met die verkoop van geaffekteerde of kwalifiserende aandele uitgesluit word van bruto inkomste, moet die vorige aankoopskostes wat voorheen ten opsigte van die aandele aangegaan en afgetrek is, by belasbare inkomste ingesluit word. Daar is bepaal dat die bedrag wat by belasbare inkomste ingesluit word, die werklike koste van die aandele is en nie die AARP openingswaarde van handelsvoorraad wat ingevolge artikel 22(2) van die Wet geëis nie. Daar is bevind dat die eerste-in-eerste-uit (EIEU) metode van identifikasie gebruik moet word om te bepaal watter geaffekteerde of kwalifiserende aandele verkoop is. Vir KWB doeleindes verloor 'n aandelehandelaar ook die geleentheid om te kan kies watter identifikasiemetode toegepas moet word. Hy of sy is verplig om die EIEU metode toe te pas in die berekening van die KWB basiskoste van die aandele. Daar word tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die Agtste Bylae van die Wet gewysig moet word om te bevestig dat die EIEU metode toegepas moet word vir KWB doeleindes waar artikels 9B of 9C van die Wet van toepassing is. Slegs dan is die belasbare wins van 'n aandelehandelaar in lyn is met sy of haar kontantvoordeel.
Fourie, Santie. "A critical analysis of inflation adjustment in the calculation of capital gains tax in South Africa." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02272009-133118/.
Full textLin, Sandy. "The effect of the capital gains tax on donations of cash and appreciated assets." CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1961/3606.
Full textJohnson, Niel. "An analysis of the proposed annual mark-to-market taxation of the capital gains of long-term insurance policyholders." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4640.
Full textThis dissertation explores National Treasury's mark-to-market proposal which aims to tax the unrealised capital gains of long-term insurance policyholders on an annual basis. Although the proposal was ultimately rejected it remains under consideration. The mark-to-market proposal is evaluated against its intended purpose. The intended purpose is understood to be the collection by the South African Revenue Service (SARS) of capital gains tax (CGT) which has been 'effectively withheld' from policyholders by the insurer. Having gained an understanding of the mark-to-market proposal and its intended purpose, the proposal will be measured against the following criteria: Does it succeed in recovering capital gains taxes which have been 'effectively withheld' from policyholders? What are the side-effects of the proposal, if any?
Bornman, Christine. "Estate planning : the impact of estate duty and capital gains tax on offshore assets / C. Bornman." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4569.
Full textThesis (M.Com. (Tax))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
LEGGETT, DAVID NEAL. "INCOME TAXES AND CAPITAL ASSET PRICING THEORY: SOME EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187910.
Full textWeyers, Margaretha Magdalena. "The implication of capital gains tax on different business entities in South Africa / Margaretha Magdalena Weyers." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/507.
Full textMarcus, Matthew. "A critical assessment of the capital gains tax as a fiscal policy tool for South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19812.
Full textThis dissertation attempts to critically analyse the tax on capital gains as an addition to South Africa's fiscal framework. The method of the analysis involves the collation of international research on the effects of capital gains tax on the economies, financial markets, labour markets and revenue authorities of various countries. The focus is on the economic and fiscal areas directly relating to the long-term economic and fiscal policy goals of the South African government. These goals, as well as the justification given by the South African Department of Finance and the South African Revenue Service for the introduction of the capital gains tax are presented in the literature review section of this study. Research of international tax practices indicates that the taxing of capital gains has a depressive effect on capital formation, labour productivity, foreign and domestic direct investment, business creation, entrepreneurship and taxpayer equity. In addition, the introduction of such a tax has no proven growth effects on governmental revenue, and does not significantly dissuade tax avoidance schemes using arbitrage measures. By applying the globally observed effects of the capital gains tax to the long-term policy goals mentioned above, I conclude that the capital gains tax does not assist in the achievement of the economic and fiscal policy goals of the South African government, neither in the short- nor the long-term. Conversely, the capital gains tax acts as a countermeasure to the achievement of the said goals.
Fourie, Santie. "A critical analysis of inflation adjustment in the calculation of capital gains tax in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30649.
Full textDissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Taxation
MCom
Unrestricted
Grundmark, Sofia. "The current tax system on the Swedish residential market – problems and possible solutions." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-150794.
Full textThe Swedish housing market is presently characterized by low mobility. This could partly be a result of the high taxes on moving from one house to another. Not only is there a capital-gains tax on moving, but also a stamp duty, a service charge and an interest charge on postponed capital gains tax. Many households consider the price of moving too high, making them reluctant to move. This will have a negative effect on the labour market due to the fact that people will be less willing to move to places where labour is needed. This type of behaviour will ultimately affect both the wealth of the individual and Sweden’s economy in a negative way. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the current tax-system and emphasize the problems with it. Firstly, a literature study will be presented to give a wide perspective of the subject. This will be the basis for a number of suggestions that will resolve the problem with low mobility on the housing market. After this, an investigation of how much money the taxes on moving actually generate to the government. Lastly, a calculation of how high a real estate tax would have to be in order to replace the taxes on moving. The conclusions of this paper suggest that there are a number of actions that can be taken in order to resolve some of the problems with the tax system on the Swedish housing market. The calculations show that the taxes on moving could be replaced by a real estate tax where the homeowners would pay 5900 SEK or 0,47% of the assess value of the home yearly, instead of paying taxes only when moving.
Du, Plessis Louis Philippus. "Die skenkingsbelasting- en kapitaalwinsbelastingimplikasies van rentevrye lenings." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1010.
Full textGrebe, Alta-Mari. "The income tax implications resulting from the introduction of section 12N of the Income Tax Act." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020787.
Full textBrooks, Miki. "The long arm provisions of capital gain tax: An analysis of the capital gains tax consequences on the indirect disposal of immovable property by non-residents in selected African Countries." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22990.
Full textPapp, L. (Linda). "The feasibility of the introduction of additional wealth taxes in South Africa : an African perspective." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/41536.
Full textDissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
lmchunu2014
Taxation
unrestricted
Rademeyer, Conrad. "The impact of capital gains tax on estate planning : a practical decision making model for investing and estate planning." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53122.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: After many years of speculation about the possible introduction of a capital gains tax in South Africa, the tax is finally with us. Coming on top of the move to a residence basis of taxation, the introduction of the capital gains tax will impose a massive burden on the limited, skilled administrative recourses available to taxpayers and the SARS alike. Amongst investors and even some professional financial advisors such as auditors and attorneys there still is confusion and not a lack of knowledge on CGT. Appropriate planning and structuring is seldom performed. The potential CGT liability escalates every year depending on the growth rate of the particular asset. CGT will therefor be an unavoidable and growing problem for investors. Planning for the CGT goes hand in hand with estate planning and requires decisions to be taken now. The purpose is to position and structure your portfolio to avoid or reduce future tax liability (CGT and estate duty). In this study an Excel program was developed in order to calculate CGT. The model (Estate Advisor) also has a decision function and can calculate and predict future CGT liability. The purpose of the model is to test the result of a range of decisions and assumptions quickly and accurately. This enables the investor to decide on entities and structures that would best suit his situation given the assets under his control. The Estate Advisor is a tool for producing different scenarios of future situations regarding CGT and estate duty. It helps the investor to investigate and consider different options regarding his investments with regard to CGT.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Na baie jare van onsekerheid en gissings omtrent die moontlike implementering van Kapitaalwinsbelasting in Suid-Afrika, is hierdie belasting finaal geïmplementeer deur die SAID. Die implementering van KWB val saam met die verskuiwing na "verblyf' as "bron" van inkomstebelasting. Tesame sal dit groot druk uitoefen op die beperkte administratiewe bronne wat aan die belasingbetaler en die SAID beskikbaar is. Tussen gewone beleggers en selfs ook tussen sommige professionele finansiële adviseurs (ouditeure en prokureurs) heers daar in 'n groot mate onsekerheid en onkundigheid met betrekking tot KWB. Die probleem is dat 'n ferm basis van kennis van KWB benodig word om in staat te wees om die berekeninge te doen. 'n Gevolg van hierdie situasie is dat dringend benodigde aandag nie altyd aan beleggers geskenk word nie. Die potensiële KWB aanspreeklikheid eskaleer elke jaar met die betrokke groeikoers van die onderliggende bate. KWB is dus 'n onafwendbare en groeiende realiteit vir beleggers. Die beplanning vir toekomstige KWB gaan hand aan hand met beplanning vir boedelbelasting doeleindes. Die doel is om die belegger se portefeulje te posisioneer en struktureer sodat toekomstige belastingaanspreeklikheid (KWB en boedelbelasting) beperk kan word. In hierdie tesis is 'n eenvoudige Excel model ontwerp om KWB en boedelbelasting te bereken. Die model doen al die berekeninge en haal dus die las van die belegger af om oor detail kennis van KWB te beskik. Die model (Estate Advisor) het ook 'n besluitnemingsfunksie waar die belegger verskillende opsies kan oorweeg en toets. Die model word gebruik om toekomstige KWB te voorspel en bereken. Dit stel die belegger in staat om besluite te maak omtrent entiteite en strukture wat in sy situasie die gepaste antwoord sal wees. Die model moet nie gesien word as 'n instrument om beleggingsbesluite te neem nie en dit kan nie keuses uitoefen tussen verskillende beleggingsbates nie. Die doel van die model is uitsluitlik om die effek van verskillende besluite en aannames te vinnig en akkuraat te bereken. Dit dien as hulpmiddel vir die beplan van KWB en boedelbelasting wat in die toekoms betaal moet word. Die Estate Advisor is 'n instrument vir die produsering van verskillende scenarios van toekomstige situasies met betrekking tot KWB en boedelbelasting. Dit help die belegger om verskillende opsies te oorweeg en die beste beleggingsbesluit te maak.
Silvester, James L. "A longitudinal analysis critiquing the effect of capital gains tax policy on the investment preferences of venture capital companies in the United States of America." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2015. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/701473/.
Full textSilvester, James L. "A longitudinal analysis critiquing the effect of capital gains tax policy on the investment preferences of venture capital companies in the United States of America." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2015. https://arro.anglia.ac.uk/id/eprint/701473/1/Silvester_2015.pdf.
Full textBjörkholm, Johan, Mattias Dahlberg, and Viktor Johansson. "Inlåsningseffekten : Skattens effekt på svenskars fondsparande." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35396.
Full textBackground: In Sweden 76 % of the population has savings in mutual funds, with a combined wealth of 1 925 billion SEK. The tax on capital gains is 30 % and is activated when the profit is realized. Many Swedes avoid triggering this tax effect and is therefore locked-in in their mutual funds. Purpose The purpose of this study is, from interviews with private fund investors and industry players, to explain how the capital gains tax affects individuals’ reasoning and actions. This behavior will then be analyzed in terms of existing theories in the field. Method: We have used an abductive method to achieve the purpose of this study. The empirical material has been collected through semi-structured interviews. We have conducted 10 interviews with private fund investors and 6 people in the fund industry. The material from the interviews was then explained by means of the theories we have selected. Conclusion: In our study we came to the conclusion that the lock-in effect varies depending on the fund savers age. The younger group was more indifferent to the capital gains tax, due to a shorter investment horizon. The older group had a more unspecified investment horizon and based their investment decisions along the tax consequence. Capital gains tax then had a braking effect, as it would reduce the total wealth.
Stemmet, Vicki. "Multiple taxes levied on deceased estates:A comparison of the determination of the value and the taxation of limited interests for estate duty,capital gains tax and value-added tax." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29277.
Full textDe, Villiers Dawid Frederik. "'n Ondersoek na die afskaffing van boedelbelasting / D.F. de Villiers." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7422.
Full textThesis (LL.M.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
Xu, Zhaojin. "Selling Winners, Holding Losers: Effect on Mutual Fund Performance and Flows." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27878.
Full textPh. D.
Beck, Tracy Geraldine. "A critical analysis of the definition of gross income." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/805.
Full textStrydom, Marlize. "Die gevolge van kapitaalwinsbelasting by die vermindering of aflossing van 'n skuld / deur M. Strydom." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/908.
Full textThesis (LL.M. (Estate Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.
Louw, Andries Adriaan. "Kapitaalwinsbelastinggevolge by die vermindering of aflossing van skuld." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19900.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: It often occurs in practice that a creditor knowingly or un-knowingly reduces or discharges a debt owed to it by a related or unrelated debtor. Prior to the introduction of capital gains tax there already existed many negative income tax implications from such a reduction or discharge. The introduction of capital gains tax, and more specificly paragraph 12(5) of the Eighth Schedule to the Income Tax Act No 58 of 1962, now extends these negative income tax consequences to also include negative capital gains tax implications. This study will briefly look at the potential income tax implications associated with reduction or discharge of debt as these implications will also impact on the potential capital gains implications. The income tax implications that will be discussed are the reduction of a person's assessed loss as a result of a concession granted by or a compromise made with his creditors, recoupments as a result of the prescription or waiver of a debt, deemed dividends subject to secondary tax on companies, donations subject to donations tax and fringe benefits included in the taxable income of an employee. The focus of the study subsequently moves to the interpretation of paragraph 12(5) of the Eighth Schedule to the Income Tax Act. The most important elements that will arise from this interpretation, based on the normal rules of the interpretation of income tax legislation, are that there must be a debt and that the debt must be reduced or discharged. The study then examines the legal implications of the terms 'reduce' and 'discharge' in order to determine what circumstances can have the effect that a debt has been reduced or discharged. These circumstances are then applied on various examples to illustrate the scope of paragraph 12(5) of the Eighth Schedule to the Income Tax Act. From this examination the conclusion is drawn that there are many circumstances that exists that could lead to capital gains tax implications as a result of the reduction or discharge of a debt. The study also discusses possible preventive measures that could be implemented to prevent the application of paragraph 12(5) of the Eighth Schedule to the Act.
Shev, Joanne. "A study of some of the combined tax effects of capital gains tax and estate duty and a comparison with similar legislation in the United States of America and the United Kingdom." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6904.
Full textThis paper presents a study of some of the combined effects of capital gains tax and estate duty. In addition, the current estate tax and inheritance tax situations in the United States of America and United Kingdom, respectively, are discussed in this paper for comparative purposes. The tax regimes in the United States of America and the United Kingdom are relevant to this investigation due to their ability to avoid imposing both capital gains tax and estate tax upon the same assets on the death of an individual. The generation-skipping transfer tax in the United States of America and the United Kingdom inheritance tax generation-skipping provisions are also examined as they may assist to close some of the loopholes in the existing South African estate duty legislation. By closing these loopholes, the need to subject the estate assets to both capital gains tax and estate duty on the death of a person may be negated.
Tennant, Tracy. "The nature of interest-free loans and the tax implications thereof / T. Tennant." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4439.
Full textThesis (M.Com. (Tax))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
Isaacs, Henry David. "'n Kritiese evaluering van die inkomste- en kapitaalwinsbelastinghantering van kollektiewe beleggingskemas in effekte en kollektiewe beleggingskemas in eiendom." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20426.
Full textAFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kollektiewe Beleggingskemas in Effekte ("KBS in Effekte") en Kollektiewe Beleggingskemas in Eiendom ("KBS in Eiendom") is besigheidstrukture wat baie gewild is in Suid-Afrika. Desondanks bestaan daar nog heelwat onsekerhede rondom die belastinghantering van hierdie twee tipes Kollektiewe Beleggingskemas ("KBS"). Die Suid-Afrikaanse KBS industrie is In multi biljoen rand industrie hoofsaaklik as gevolg van die feit dat dit uitstekende beleggingsgeleenthede vir Jan en alleman asook groot finansiële instellings soos versekeraars bied. Dit is dus logies om te verwag dat die belastinghantering van KBS met redelike sekerheid gereguleer word. In KBS kan of as In trust opgerig word of as In oop beleggingsmaatskappy. Die belastinghantering van In KBS hang dus daarvan af of dit as In trust of oop beleggingsmaatskappy opgerig is. Die Inkomstebelastingwet No. 58 van 1962 ("die Inkomstebelastingwet") bevat inkomsteen kapitaalwinsbelastingbepalings wat uitdruklik die belastinghantering van KBS in Effekte en KBS in Eiendom reguleer ("die spesiale belastingreels"). In KBS in Effekte word vir belastingdoeleindes as In maatskappy beskou en so hanteer. Dit is nie maklik om vas te stel wat die wetgewer se onderliggende bedoeling was toe daar besluit is om In KBS in Effekte as In maatskappy te hanteer. Dit blyk wei dat hierdie besluit van die wetgewer nie deeglik deurdink is nie na aanleiding van die verskeie praktiese en teoretiese probleme wat met die belastinghantering van KBS in Effekte bestaan. Meeste van hierdie probleme is In direkte gevolg van die besluit om In KBS in Effekte vir belastingdoeleindes as In maatskappy te hanteer. Een die probleme wat in die konteks van KBS in Effekte bestaan hou verband met die vraag of die geleibuisbeginsel, wat bepaal dat inkomste wat deur In trust aan sy begunstigdes uitgekeer word hul aard en karakter behou, in die konteks van In KBS in Effekte (wat as In trust opgerig is) toepassing vind. Alhoewel die KBS in Effekte as In trust opgerig is, word dit vir belastingdoeleindes as 'n maatskappy hanteer en dit is duidelik dat die geleibuisbeginsel nie in die konteks van 'n maatskappy geld nie. Na oorweging van die regsaard van 'n KBS in Effekte wat as 'n trust opgerig is asook die gevolge van die vrystellingsbepalings in artikel 10 van die Inkomstebelastingwet wat ten opsigte van KBS in Efekte geld, word daar aan die hand gedoen dat die geleibuisbeginsel wei toepassing sal vind in die geval van 'n KBS in Effekte was as 'n trust opgerig is. Die gevolge van die vrystellingsbepalings in artikel 10 van die Inkomstebelastingwet is sodanig dat die inkomste wat die KBS in Effekte (wat as 'n trust opgerig is) aan sy begunstigdes uitkeer op dieselfde basis as die geleibuisbeginsel belas word. Gevolglik blyk dit of voorgenoemde standpunt van die skrywer in ooreenstemming met die bedoeling van die wetgewer is. Soortgelyke probleme kom voor in die konteks van die 'verbonde persoon' definisie in artikel 1 van die Inkomstebelastingwet sowel as die terugkoop van 'n deelnemende belang deur 'n KBS in Effekte, veral waar daardie KBS in Effekte as 'n trust opgerig is. Daarteenoor word 'n KBS in Eiendom nie as 'n maatskappy vir belastingdoeleindes hanteer nie. Indien "n KBS in Eiendom dus as 'n trust opgerig is word dit vir belastingdoeleindes soos "n trust hanteer. Ewe-eens, indien 'n KBS in Eiendom as "n oop beleggingsmaatskappy opgerig is, is dit vir aile doeleindes In maatskappy en sal so hanteer word vir belastingdoeleindes. Die belastinghantering van KBS in Eiendom bied ook sekere probleme veral waar die KBS in Eiendom wat as 'n oop beleggingsmaatskappy opgerig is sy aandele terugkoop. In hierdie verband bepaal die Wet op Beheer van Kollektiewe Beleggingskemas No. 45 van 2002 ("die Wet op Beheer van KBS") dat artikel 85 van die Maatskappywet No. 61 van 1973 ("die Maatskappywet") nie ten opsigte van 'n terugkoop van 'n deelnemende belang deur 'n oop beleggingsmaatskappy geld nie. Dit beteken egter nie dat 'n oop beleggingsmaatskappy nie sy eie aandele mag terugkoop nie. Vir belastingdoeleindes sal daar vasgestel moet word of bepalings in die Inkomstebelastingwet wat na artikel 85 van die Maatskappywet verwys, soos paragraaf (c) van die 'dividend' definisie, steeds met betrekking tot sodanige terugkoop toepassing sal vind siende dat die terugkoop nie ingevolge artikel 85 van die Maatskappywet gedoen word nie. Na oorweging van die wye omvang van paragraaf (c) van die 'dividend' definisie, word daar aan die hand gedoen dat paragraaf (c) van die 'dividend' definisie steeds toepassing sal vind om die terugkoop van aandele deur "n oop beleggingsmaatskappy te reguleer, nieteenstaande die feit dat artikel 85 van die Maatskappywet nie op die terugkoop van toepassing is nie.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Notwithstanding that Collective Investment Schemes in Securities ("CISS") and Collective Investment Schemes in Property ("CISP") are common business vehicles in the South African economy, there remains uncertainty with regard to the tax treatment of these business structures. The South African Collective Investment Scheme ("CIS") industry is a multibillion rand industry as it offers attractive investment vehicles for the general public as well as for big financial institutions such as insurers. One would therefore think that the tax treatment thereof would be fairly tightly regulated. A CISS and CISP may either be constituted as a trust or as an open ended investment company ("OEIC"). The tax treatment of a CIS differs depending on whether it is constituted as a trust or as an OEIC. The Income Tax Act No. 58 of 1962 ("the Income Tax Act") contains specific income tax and capital gains tax provisions that regulates the tax treatment of CISS and CISP (the "special tax provisions"). For tax purposes, a CISS is deemed to be a company and treated as such. It is difficult to ascertain what the intention of the legislature was in deciding to treat a CISS as a company. It does however seem as if this decision was not thoroughly considered by the legislature based on the fact that the application of the special tax provisions to CISS presents many practical and theoretical problems. Most of these problems are directly attributable to the legislature's decision to treat CISS as companies for tax purposes. For example, one difficulty relates to the question whether the conduit pipe principle, which determines that income distributed by a trust during a year of assessment will retain its nature and character, will find application in respect of a CISS constituted as a trust. For although the CISS is constituted as a trust, it is deemed to be company for tax purposes and it is clear that the conduit pipe principle cannot find application in the instance of a company. However, considering the legal nature of a CISS constituted as a trust, as well as the effect of the exemption provisions in section 10 of the Income Tax Act relating to CISS, it is submitted that the conduit pipe principle will find application in respect of a CISS constituted as a trust. The effect of the exemption provisions is such that the income distributed by a CISS to its investors will be taxed on the same basis as if the conduit pipe principle applied. As such, the aforementioned submission also appears to be in accordance with the intention of legislator. Similar difficulties arise in the context of the 'connected person' definition in section 1 of the Income Tax Act as well as the repurchase of a participatory interest by a CISS, especially where such CISS is constituted as a trust. Contrary to a CISS, a CISP is not deemed to be a company for tax purposes. Thus, where the CISP is constituted as a trust, it will be treated as a trust for tax purposes. By the same token, if the CISP is constituted as an OEIC, it will be a company for all intends and purposes and will therefore be treated as such. The tax treatment of CISP also presents difficulties, especially where it is constituted as an OEIC. In the instance of a repurchase of a participatory interest by a CISP constituted as a OEIC, the Collective Investment Schemes Control Act 45 of 2002 ("CISCA") states that the provisions of section 85 of the Companies Act 61 of 1973 (lithe Companies Act"), does not apply in respect of such repurchase. However, that does not mean that an OEIC may not repurchase its own shares. For tax purposes, one will have to determine whether the provisions in the Income Tax Act relating to section 85 of the Companies Act that governs the repurchase of shares by an OEIC, such as paragraph (c) of the 'dividend income' definition, will still apply to determine the tax consequences of the repurchase. After considering the wide scope of paragraph (c) of the 'dividend' definition, it is submitted that paragraph (c) of the 'dividend' definition will still find application in respect of a repurchase of shares by a OEIC, notwithstanding the fact that the repurchase is not effected in terms of section 85 of the Companies Act.
Maule, James Alexander Carteret. "The income tax nature of derivatives hedges: A critical analysis of the classification of gains made hedging a capital share investment with a single stock futures contract." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29767.
Full textKotze, Jan Harmse, and Wyk E. Van. "Die invloed van kapitaalwinsbelasting op boedelbeplanning en boedelbelasting en die toepaslikheid van trusts in boedelbeplanning na die inwerkingtreding van Kapitaalwinsbelasting." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/15522.
Full textAFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Met die bekendstelling van kapitaalwinsbelasting in 2000 was belastingpligtiges en belastingadviseurs bekommerd oor die invloed daarvan op belasting- en boedelbeplanning. Om die volle impak daarvan te verstaan moet die werking van kapitaalwinsbelasting ondersoek word. Paragraaf 10 van die Agste Bylae definieer die belasbare kapitaalwinste vir die jaar van aanslag. Hiervolgens word kapitale winste in die hande van verskillende belastingpligtiges teen verskillende “koerse” belas. In die algemeen word daar na Paragraaf 10 verwys as die insluitingsartikel wat op kapitaalwinste van toepassing is. Aangesien slegs ‘n “gedeelte” van kapitaalwinste onderhewig is aan normale belasting is een van die grootste faktore in die huidige belastingomgewing steeds om te onderskei tussen inkomste van ‘n kapitale of nie-kapitale aard. Deur die toepassing van Paragraaf 10 word kapitaalwinste gerealiseer deur Trusts en Maatskappye teen hoër koerse belas, as in die geval van individue. Dit het tot gevolg dat belastingpligtiges en belastingadviseurs die gebruik van trusts as ‘n effektiewe hulpmiddel vir boedelbeplanning begin bevraagteken het. Die effektiewe belastingkoers van toepassing op kapitaalwinste gerealiseer deur individue is egter die laagste van al die verskillende belastingpligtiges. Wanneer ‘n individue te sterwe kom is sy boedel onderhewig aan boedelbelasting, wat ‘n verdere belasting las tot gevolg het. Indien ‘n trust effektief toegepas word tydens die opstel van ‘n boedelplan vir ‘n individu sal die bates van die trust nie onderhewig wees aan boedelbelasting nie. Deur die verskeie opsies wat beskikbaar is vir ‘n belastingpligtige, wanneer hy ‘n besluit moet neem watter beleggingsvoertuig hy moet gebruik vir die belegging, kan die effektiewe belastingkoerse vergelyk word. Deur die uitkomste van die verskeie opsies teenoor mekaar te vergelyk bewys dit dat indien ‘n trust korrek aangewend word, dit steeds as ‘n effektiewe hulpmiddel in ‘n boedelplan kan aangewend word. Tydens die uitvoer van die vergelyking van die verskillende opsies wat vir die belastingpligtige beskikbaar is, is die tydwaarde van geld buite rekening gelaat. Indien die lewensverwagting van ‘n individu in berekening gebring word kan die uitkoms van die vergelyking moontlik anders wees. Deur dit alles in ag te neem bevestig dit weereens dat elke individue se boedelplan uniek sal wees indien sy persoonlike finansiële omstandighede in ag geneem word.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: With the introduction of capital gains taxation in 2000, taxpayers and their advisors feared the impact thereof on tax planning and estate planning. To determine the impact thereof the taxation of capital gains must be understood. Paragraph 10 of the Eight Schedule define the taxable portion of capital gains for the year of assesment. Paragraph 10 is also commonly known as the inclusion clause applicaple on capital gains. This application of paragraph 10 has the effect that capital gains realised by different types of taxpayers are taxed at different rates. Due to the application of paragraph 10 only a portion of the capital gain realised by the taxpayer is subject to normal taxation. Therefor one of the biggest concerns for taxpayers still is to determine if income are of a capital nature or not. The inclusion rate, according to paragraph 10, applicable on capital gains realised by trusts and companies is higher than that of a individual and gives rise to a bigger tax burden relating to capital profits for trusts and companies. Therefor taxpayers and their advisors doubt wether a trust could still be used as an effective tool for estate planning. The effective tax rate on caiptal gains for individuals is the lowest for all types of taxpayers. But when an individual dies his estate is subject to estate duty, which leaves an additional burden for an individual to take into account. When a trust is effectively utilised in preparing an estate plan for an individual, the assets of the trust should not be subject to estate duty. By evaluating the effective tax rates applicable to the different options available to a taxpayer when he needs to determine which investment vehicle to use when making an investment, a comparision can be made. By comparing the effective tax rates a conclusion can be drawn that a trust can still be used as an effective tool for estate planning when utilised properly. When the comparison was made the time value of money was ignored. If the life expectancy of a individual are taken into account the outcome could be different. When everything is taken into consideration the conclusion is that the estate plan for every individual is unique and determined by his or her personal financial circumstances.
Přibylová, Petra. "Účetní a daňové prostředí pro podnikání v Nizozemí." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-142304.
Full textLoyson, Richard Michael. "A critical analysis of the income tax implications of persons ceasing to be a resident of South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1180.
Full textVan, der Mescht Elizabeth. "Limited interests in property an overview of limited interests in property with particular reference to the taxation of usufructs and more specifically the capital gains tax effects on disposal for individuals and for trusts." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12202.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references.
The aim of this dissertation is to provide an overview of limited interests in property with particular reference to the taxation of usufructs and more specifically to the capital gains tax effect on disposal for individuals and trusts.
Sloane, Justin. "A discussion and comparison of company legislation and tax legislation in South Africa, in relation to amalgamations and mergers." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013028.
Full textDurán, Rojo Luis Alberto, and Acosta Marco Mejía. "El Impuesto de Alcabala en el Perú." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118994.
Full textEl presente artículo es un estudio minucioso de la evolución reciente del Impuesto de Alcabala en Perú. Parte de presentar los más recientes tratamientos normativos de dicho impuesto, para luego centrarse en el actual régimen del mismo, analizando los aspectos más relevantes del Impuesto de Alcabala, procurando servir de aporte para la futura mejora de este tributo.
Ostler, Luise Marie. "The impact of estate planning on the effectiveness of estate duty as a wealth tax in South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003741.
Full textFrança, Diana Margarida Rodrigues. "Impacto do englobamento obrigatório dos rendimentos de capitais e prediais em IRS." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21000.
Full textO atual governo (2019-2023) pretende "construir um sistema fiscal mais justo e progressivo" através "do englobamento dos diversos tipos de rendimentos em sede de IRS, eliminando as diferenças entre as taxas". Nesta investigação, pretende-se analisar a perceção dos contribuintes sobre o impacto do englobamento obrigatório dos rendimentos de capitais e prediais. Esta questão surge pelo facto de não se conhecerem quais os impactos multidimensionais que uma medida destas tem na economia portuguesa. Para abordar a questão de investigação, foi aplicado um questionário a contribuintes singulares com conhecimentos de fiscalidade ou direito fiscal, resultando em 363 respostas válidas. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o sentimento de justiça dos contribuintes, em relação à forma como são tributados os rendimentos em IRS, varia consoante a fonte dos rendimentos auferidos pelos mesmos, existindo diferenças estatisticamente significativas. No que diz respeito às potenciais consequências do englobamento obrigatório dos rendimentos de capitais e prediais, os dados mostram que, para todas as situações apresentadas, a maioria dos contribuintes respondeu "concordo (4) ou "concordo totalmente" (5). Quando os rendimentos de capitais e prediais são tributados progressivamente, existe pouco ou nenhum interesse dos contribuintes em investir no mercado imobiliário e no mercado de produtos financeiros. Portanto, o Governo deverá tomar medidas que mitiguem as possíveis consequências do englobamento obrigatório dos rendimentos de capitais e prediais.
The current government (2019-2023) wants to create a more progressive and fairer tax through the option to aggregate the differents types of income in the PIT, eliminating the differences between taxes. This investigation means to analyse the perception of taxpayers about the impact of the obligatory aggregation of capital and real estate income. This question arises because the multidimensional impacts that this measure could bring to the Portuguese economy are still unknown. To approach this investigation questionary was applied to individual taxpayers with knowledge of taxation or tax law, resulting in 363 valid responses. The results indicate that the taxpayer's sense of justice, regarding the way the PIT income is taxed, varies according to the source of income earned by them, existing significative differences. Regarding the potential consequences of the obligatory aggregation of capital and real estate income, the data show that most taxpayers responded, "I agree" (4) or "I totally agree" (5), for every situation. When the capital and real estate income is progressively taxed, the taxpayers have low or zero interest in investing on the real estate market and on financial products. Therefore, the Govern should take measures that mitigate the possible consequences of the obligatory aggregation of capital and real estate income.
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Du, Toit Leo. "Tax implications for business rescues in South African Law." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26627.
Full textDissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Procedural Law
unrestricted
Evans, Christopher Charles. "The operating costs of taxing the capital gains of individuals : a comparative study of Australia and the UK, with particular reference to the compliance costs of certain tax design features /." 2003. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20050616.145059/index.html.
Full textLin, Ke-Rong, and 林克融. "The Welfare Analysis of Capital Gains Tax." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13792830045306720204.
Full text國立臺灣大學
經濟學研究所
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This paper examines the economic and welfare effects of capital gains tax in a productive economy where investment decisions are constrained by the share value of firms. Given that the government budget is balanced each period, with or without lump-sum recourse, I analyze the steady state effects of a swap between capital gains tax and other forms of taxation, including labor income tax and consumption tax. The results indicate that the consumers’ welfare rises with a tax on capital gains in the stock market. This paper also examines the distributional consequence of capital gains tax. In the presence of lump-sum transfers to workers, taxing on capital gains could improve capitalists as well as workers welfare.