Dissertations / Theses: 'Capital crime'

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Zhong, Yueying, and 鍾月英. "Communities, crime and social capital: crime prevention in two Shenzhen communites." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31245110.

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Colyer, Greg Warren. "Is capital punishment a deterrent to crime?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1720.

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Lynch, Eamon. "Social capital and crime in Ireland and Northern Ireland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491878.

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This study discerns how, and the extent to which cnme III Ireland and Northern Ireland is related to social capital, homogeneity and tolerance measured in the European Values Survey. Higher levels of social capital are associated with lower crime and higher crime is associated with lower levels of social capital. Reported crime was 92% higher in Northern Ireland in 1999, as it had been for the previous five and ten years I. The level of unreported crime is higher in Northern Ireland. Social capital is higher in the Republic than in Northern Ireland in 100 of 128 European Values Survey 1999 measures (of social capital, homogeneity and tolerance). 21 were higher in NI. Higher levels of social capital, homogeneity and tolerance have a demonstrable and continuous downward impact on reported and unreported crime in the Republic of Ireland. The findings in this study do not support the GECD suggestion that trust can be a proxy for social capital, nor is voluntary activity alone a valid proxy. The level of involvement in sports and recreation, concern for the elderly, being prepared to help immigrants and spending time with work colleagues neighbourliness - is a more reliable indicator. Sporting membership is high in Ireland and Northern Ireland. The Ulster Tiger and Celtic Tiger help and hinder social capital. Satisfaction with the police and justice in Northern Ireland is increasing among Catholics and decreasing among Protestants but decreasing overall. Social bonding in credit unions, pubs, white collar crime and the black economy is considered as a form of social capital. The EVS 1999 results do not raise questions about the general applicability of the recommendations of the Patten Commission as a blueprint for police reform but the ESS 2003 suggests a need to evaluate the results of the Commission's recommendations. Twenty activities and policies are suggested to discourage crime through social capital, homogeneity and tolerance.

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Moreira, Gustavo Carvalho. "Dois ensaios em economia do crime." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-16082017-143606/.

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O estudo da criminalidade é multidisciplinar e, em razão de suas consequências negativas para o bem-estar social, recentemente, o crime também se tornado um tema de interesse dos economistas. No Brasil, país que apresenta o maior número absoluto de homicídios dolosos no mundo, este interesse surgiu principalmente a partir do início do século XXI. Em meio à crescente literatura sobre o tema, essa tese buscou, por meio de dois artigos, contribuir para a análise e o entendimento deste fenômeno. No primeiro artigo, recorrendo a uma Análise de Fronteira Estocástica, estimou-se e analisou-se o subregistro de crimes contra a propriedade em Minas Gerais. O estudo justifica-se tendo em vista que o subregistro deve afetar a eficiência das políticas de segurança pública, principalmente, no que tange à alocação de recursos. Os resultados do artigo permitiram verificar os principais determinantes do subregistro e, além disso, encontrar importantes consequências do fenômeno. Entre os principais resultados, pode-se destacar que: o subregistro afeta a interpretação das estatísticas oficiais; este fenômeno influencia a atividade criminosa e; há evidências de que o registro de um crime é realizado por meio de uma avaliação de benefício-custo. No segundo artigo desta tese, que pode ser lido de modo independente do primeiro, o objetivo foi verificar, empiricamente, a existência do efeito do custo moral, aproximado pelo capital social, sobre o risco de vitimização para crimes contra a propriedade. O capital social deve afetar a criminalidade tanto pela ótica da vítima, quanto do criminoso. Pela ótica da vítima, maiores níveis de capital social entre os indivíduos elevam a probabilidade de estes cooperarem para um benefício mútuo, como o combate à criminalidade. Sob a ótica do criminoso, o capital social deve elevar o custo moral da atividade criminosa, reduzindo os benefícios da prática e, consequentemente, o risco de vitimização. Apesar da relevância teórica desta variável para explicar a criminalidade, dada a dificuldade de mensuração empírica, na literatura sobre o tema, o custo moral tem sido negligenciado ou considerado através de proxies incapazes de captá-lo adequadamente. Ademais, são escassos na literatura os estudos empíricos que comprovam essa relação, principalmente no Brasil. Como resultado principal do estudo, tem-se que a hipótese de que incrementos no capital social são capazes de reduzir o risco de vitimização não pôde ser rejeitada.
The study of crime is multidisciplinary and, because of its negative consequences for social welfare, crime has also recently become a subject of interest to economists. In Brazil, the country with the highest absolute number of intentional homicides in the world, this interest arose mainly after the beginning of the 21st century. In the midst of the growing literature on the subject, this thesis sought, in two articles, to contribute to the analysis and understanding of this phenomenon. In the first article, using Stochastic Frontier Analysis, the underreporting of crimes against property in Minas Gerais was estimated and analyzed. The study is justified considering that underreporting may affect the efficiency of public security policies, especially regarding resource allocation. The results of the article allowed to verify the main determinants of underreporting and, in addition, to find important consequences of the phenomenon. Among the main results, it can be highlighted that: underreporting affects the interpretation of the official statistics; that this phenomenon influences criminal activity, and that there is evidence that filing a crime report is carried out by means of a benefit-cost evaluation. In the second article of this thesis, which can be read independently of the first one, the objective was to verify the existence of a moral cost effect, approached by social capital, on the risk of victimization for crimes against property. Social capital must affect crime both from the perspective of the victim and of the criminal. From the point of view of the victim, higher levels of social capital among individuals increase the likelihood of cooperating for mutual benefit, such as combating crime. From the point of view of the criminal, social capital must raise the moral cost of criminal activity, reducing the its benefits and, consequently, the risk of victimization. Despite the theoretical relevance of this variable to explain crime, given the difficulty of empirical measurement, moral cost has either been neglected in the literature on the subject or considered through proxies that are unable to assess it adequately. In addition, there are few empirical studies in the literature that prove this relationship, specially in Brazil. As a main result of the study, we conclude that we cannot reject the hypothesis that increases in social capital can reduce the risk of victimization.

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Stukart, Gregorio Forell Lowe. "Racionalidade ou capital social e o crime: qual determina a vitimização?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-19082013-161931/.

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Várias ciências sociais desenvolveram teorias sobre o crime. Mas foi na Economia que uma teoria geral do crime foi desenvolvida de forma mais completa. Porém, a comprovação empírica da teoria econômica do crime não é totalmente satisfatória, fornece uma explicação apenas parcial do fenômeno. Além disso, sua aplicação estrita parece ter gerado problemas, como o crescimento exagerado da população encarcerada. Nesta Tese procura-se analisar possíveis deficiências nessa teoria, em especial as resultantes da aplicação estrita do postulado da racionalidade, e confrontá-la com explicações adicionais e complementares que poderiam gerar uma visão do crime mais completa. Argumenta-se que teorias complementares do capital social e da vitimização podem ser integradas nos modelos existentes e melhorar o entendimento do que causa o crime. Finalmente, pelos dados de uma pesquisa de vitimização conduzida com a finalidade de comprender melhor o crime na cidade de São Paulo, procura-se estimar os efeitos de variáveis ligadas ao capital social e à vitimização para comprovar a influência desses elementos sobre o crime. O resultado mostra que crimes diversos são explicados por variáveis diferentes, sendo difícil aceitar uma explicação única, simples e geral. Crimes com motivação econômica (roubos e furtos), conforme esperado, dependem mais de variáveis econômicas enquanto os sem essa motivação (agressões físicas e vebais) encontram no capital social uma explicação relevante.
Various social sciences developed theories about crime. But it was in economics that a general theory was developed in its most complete form, However a total empirical evidence of the economic theory of the crime is not totally satisfactory, supplying only a explanation of the phenomenon. Besides this, its strict application only supplies a general exaggeration of the population put into jail. In this Thesis one analyses possible deficiencies in this theory, specially the strict application of the theory of the postulate of rationality, and confront it with additional explanations that could generate a more complete vision of crime. On argues that complementary theories about social capital and victimization could be integrated into the existing model and improve the understanding of what causes crime. Finally, with the data of a research on victimization whose objective was to understand the crime in São Paulo city, one looks forward to estimate the effects Social Capital and their influence over crime. The result shows that diverse crimes are explained by diverse variables, being difficult to accept one only explanation, simple and direct. Crimes with economic motivation (robberies) as expected depend more on such economic variables while crimes with no such explanations (physical and economic aggressions) find more relevance on social capital.

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Robling, Per Olof. "Essays on the Origins of Human Capital, Crime and Income Inequality." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-115502.

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This Ph.D. thesis in Economics consists of four self-contained essays investigating the importance of early life environment for long-run outcomes and the consequences of immigration for income inequality. Multigenerational Effects of the 1918-19 Influenza Pandemic on Educational Attainment: Evidence from Sweden uses the 1918-19 influenza pandemic in Sweden as a natural experiment to estimate the effects of a fetal health shock on the children of those who experienced the pandemic as a fetal insult. We find that for women, educational attainment decreases by 3-4 months of schooling and the probability of college attendance drops by 3-5 percentage points if their mothers potentially experienced the Spanish flu as a fetal insult. For men, educational attainment decreases by 4-7 months of schooling, and the probability of college attendance drops by 7-11 percentage points if their fathers were potentially prenatally exposed. We find no mother to son, or father to daughter, transmission of the health shock. Early Childhood Lead Exposure and Criminal Behavior: Lessons from the Swedish Phase-Out of Leaded Gasoline examines the effect of childhood lead exposure on crime using population based register data. We follow all children in Sweden in the 1972-1974, 1977-1979 and 1982-1984 cohorts for more than twenty years. By exploiting the variation in childhood lead exposure induced by the Swedish phase-out of leaded gasoline, we show that the sharp drop in lead exposure reduced crime by between 7 and 14 percent on average. The impact is largest among children in low-income families. The analysis reveals the existence of a low threshold level below which further reductions of early childhood lead exposure no longer affect crime. Childhood Exposure to Segregation and Long-Run Criminal Involvement: Evidence from the “Whole of Sweden” Strategy presents quasi-experimental evidence on how exposure to immigrant residential segregation during childhood affects male youths’ criminal behavior. We find evidence that being assigned to a neighborhood with a large share of immigrants increases the probability of being convicted of a drug related crime or sentenced to imprisonment for male youths. A one (within municipality-by-year) standard deviation increase in neighborhood segregation increases the probability of committing these types of crimes by between 11 to 13 percent. This corresponds to about one-fifth of the gap in crime between immigrants and natives for these types of offenses. We do not find significant effects for other types of crimes, such as violent and property crimes. The impacts are concentrated among youths with low educated parents. Immigration and Income Inequality in Sweden 1980 to 2011 investigates how much of the rising trend in income inequality in Sweden can be attributed to increased immigration. I find that the compositional effects associated with immigration account for between 2 and 9 percent of the overall increase in income inequality. Further, using the variation in immigrant density across labor market regions, I find that non-Nordic immigration has not had any significant effect on the native wage distribution. I find a negative effect of non-Nordic immigration on native employment. My estimates suggest that a 10 percentage point increase in non-Nordic immigration decreases native employment by 3 to 5 percentage points.

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Pieton, Michael A. "The Effectiveness of Capital Punishment in Reducing the Violent Crime Rate." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1495710346192765.

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Lively, Danielle Alexandria. "Social capital and crime which is cause and which is effect? A longitudinal analysis of U.S. cities /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2009/d_lively_042909.pdf.

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Berggren, Simon. "Crime, Community and the Negotiated Truth : Court Narratives of Capital Crime in the District Courts of Jämtland-Härjedalen 1649—1700." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-323313.

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The purpose of this thesis is to study the court narratives of serious crimes in the district courts of Jämtland-Härjedalen in the latter half of 17th century. This is done by studying the negotiated aspects of criminal court proceedings; how did stories of crime, guilt and character come together in the records to form narratives that became accepted truths by the local community and the authorities? Investigations of serious crime have been sampled from the collected records of five district courts in the period 1649–1700. These records have been analysed by identifying the different actors and voices of the narratives, the social stratification of the participants, their speech acts and how they were depicted by the court and by other participants. The analysis of the social stratification of accusers, defendants and witnesses shows evidence of a deeply hierarchical and patriarchal society: men and women of lower social status were not only grossly overrepresented as defendants in criminal investigations, they were also mostly excluded from participating as a witness. The inverse could be said about local elites and landed peasantry. Women were more often accused of crime, and while they were allowed to testify as witnesses, they were less so than men. The negotiation of the truth took place in three parallel and intersecting spheres of discourse, differing in what kind of questions were asked and what problems were being discussed between different categories of participants. The nature of crime was negotiated when accusers, defendants and witnesses debated the presented narratives; the accepted narrative of the crime was found by the assessment of the honesty of the individual participants, by considering their reputation and standing in the local community. While the word of the law was unrelenting and impossible to legally negotiate at the district court level, a kind of negotiation was done by the local community and sometimes also the district court taking the side of the defendant, pleading and petitioning the Royal High Court to find mercy for the convicted criminal.

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Neves, Heidi Rosa Florencio. "Direito administrativo sancionador e o crime de insider trading." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2136/tde-18112016-105900/.

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O objeto da dissertação é a regulamentação do uso indevido de informação privilegiada no mercado de capitais. Discute-se no texto qual seria a melhor maneira de reprimir a conduta praticada pelo insider trading, concluindo-se que o sistema ideal seria não mais a dupla repressão como ocorre atualmente, mas sim a separação entre as esferas administrativa e penal. A primeira julgaria as infrações de menor gravidade, deixando apenas as que efetivamente causassem potencialidade lesão grave ao bem jurídico sob a tutela do direito penal. Ante a necessidade de compreensão do contexto em que o delito de uso indevido de informação privilegiada ocorre, o trabalho inicia-se com um breve panorama do mercado de capitais, no qual se trata da formação do mercado de valores mobiliários, das bolsas de valores e das sociedades anônimas. Assim, no primeiro capítulo trata-se da regulamentação do mercado de capitais no Brasil, em especial, das Leis 6.385/1976, a qual regula o mercado de valores mobiliários brasileiro e traz a descrição do tipo penal do crime do insider trading no artigo 27-D, e da Lei 6.404/1976, que regula as sociedades anônimas no Brasil, e trata dos deveres de informar, de lealdade e de guardar sigilo impostos aos administradores das sociedades anônimas de capital aberto. No segundo capítulo, é feita inicialmente uma abordagem do que vem a ser o crime de insider trading e informação privilegiada, mencionando-se quais são argumentos contrários e a favor da repressão da conduta de utilização indevida de informação privilegiada. Na seqüência, faz-se uma breve análise da legislação estrangeira, com destaque para os países Estados Unidos da América, Espanha, Portugal e Itália. O terceiro capítulo trata da regulamentação do crime de insider trading no Brasil, iniciando-se com uma breve análise comparativa entre o tipo penal da legislação pátria e os das legislações estrangeiras estudadas no capítulo anterior. Em seguida, é analisada a tipicidade objetiva e subjetiva do tipo penal, concluindo-se que se trata de crime formal, que não admite tentativa e que se consuma no momento da utilização da 173 informação relevante ainda não divulgada ao mercado, independentemente da obtenção da vantagem indevida. Ainda no terceiro capítulo, trata-se do sujeito ativo e passivo do delito, concluindo-se que, de acordo com a redação do tipo penal, apenas quem tem o dever de manter sigilo pode ser responsabilizado criminalmente no Brasil pelo crime de insider trading, e que o sujeito passivo é a coletividade, a sociedade como um todo. Esse capítulo traz também o debate existente, sobretudo na doutrina estrangeira, de qual seria o bem jurídico tutelado pelo crime em comento. Dentre todas os possíveis bem jurídicos aventados, conclui-se que apenas a igualdade entre os investidores e a confiança no mercado de capitais são dignos de tutela penal e justificam a intervenção dessa esfera do direito. O quarto capítulo trata da relação existente entre o direito penal econômico e o crime de insider trading. Além de tratar das características do direito penal econômico, o capítulo traz críticas à expansão do direito penal moderno e trata da ineficiência da utilização da esfera penal para proteger de forma eficaz os delitos da moderna criminalidade econômica. O quinto e último capítulo trata justamente do título do trabalho: Direito Administrativo Sancionador e o Crime de Insider Trading. Nesse capítulo, explica-se o modelo proposto para sancionar a utilização indevida de informação privilegiada, iniciando-se por tratar da definição de direito administrativo sancionador e sua distinção entre o direito penal. Na seqüência trata-se da possível configuração de bis in idem existente atualmente com a aplicação de sanção administrativa e penal para o mesmo fato, para o mesmo sujeito e com o mesmo fundamento. Trata-se ainda do fortalecimento da CVM como agência reguladora para regulamentar, fiscalizar e punir com eficiência as utilização indevida de informação privilegiada, deixando para o direito penal apenas as infrações capazes de colocar em risco o mercado de capitais. Por fim, são expostas as conclusões do trabalho.
The object of this dissertation is the regulation of the misuse of privileged information in the capital market. It is discussed in the text which would be the best way to repress the conduct practiced by insider trading, concluding that the ideal system would be no more the double repression as currently occurs, but a single repression in administrative or criminal sphere according to the seriousness of the offense. The first would judge the lesser gravity infractions, leaving only those that actually caused any serious injury to the good under the legal protection of criminal law. Before the need to understand the context in which the offense of misuse of privileged information occurs, the dissertation begins with a brief overview of capital markets, in which it comes to the formation of the securities market, stock exchange, as well as corporations. Thus, the first chapter deals with (i) the regulation of the capital market in Brazil, in particular regarding Law 6.385/1976, which regulates the securities market of Brazil and contains a description of the type of criminal offense of insider trading, and (ii) the Federal Act 6.404/1976, which regulates corporations in Brazil and provides the duties to inform, loyalty and confidentiality imposed on directors of stock companies. In the second chapter, it is initially provided an approach of the concept of the insider trading crime, mentioning what are the arguments against and in favor of its repression. Subsequently, there is a brief analysis of foreign law, particularly the legislation of the United States of America, Spain, Portugal and Italy. The third chapter deals with the regulation of the insider trading crime in Brazil, beginning with a brief comparative analysis of criminal hyphotesis provided by Brazilian law and the foreign legislation analyzed in the previous chapter. Then, it is analysed the objective and subjective elements of the criminal hypothesis, concluding that it is a formal crime, which admits no attempt and that occurs at the time of use of relevant information not yet disclosed to the market, independently of obtaining improper benefit. The fourth chapter deals with the relationship between economic crime and insider trading crime. Besides approaching characteristics of the economic criminal law, the chapter provides critics to the expansion of modern criminal law and deals with the inefficiency of using the criminal sphere to protect society against the crimes of modern economic criminality. The fifth and final chapter deals with the relationship between punitive administrative law and insider trading crime. In this chapter it is explained the model proposed to penalize the misuse of inside information, starting with the definition of punitive administrative law and its distinction from criminal law. Following reference is to the possible configuration of bis in idem currently existing in the application of the criminal and administrative sanction for the same offense, same individual and on the same basis. In addition, it is also discussed the strengthening of the Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission) as the regulatory agency authorized to regulate, inspect and punish effectively the misuse of inside information, leaving to the penal sphere only the criminal law offenses that are entitled to put the capital market in risk. Finally, the dissertation conclusions are exposed.

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Williams, Seth Alan. "Perceptions of the Police and Fear of Crime: The Role of Neighborhood Social Capital." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1440351447.

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Kmiec, Marek. "Biblical standards for the death penalty." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1991. http://www.tren.com.

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Denver, Megan. "Are capital jurors willing to serve again? investigating race and perceptions of procedural fairness in the deliberation room /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 55 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1885480891&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Oliveira, Laíze Fonseca. "Perfil da violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes em Sergipe : dados da capital e do interior." Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Social, 2013. http://ri.ufs.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/5949.

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Violence against children and teenagers includes situations of sexual abuse both inside and outside the family, as well as situations concerning sexual exploitation where a mercantile dimension is clearly present. This study was performed by means of a documental research involving 579 cases registered in 2010 and 2011 in the Serviço de Atendimento a Vítimas de Violência Sexual de Sergipe (SAVVS), located at Maternidade Nossa Senhora de Lourdes (MNSL), and also 222 cases extracted from police records from the Delegacia de Atendimento aos Grupos Vulneráveis (DAGV), aiming at analyzing and characterizing situations of sexual violence against children and teenagers. The characterization of the cases registered at SAVVS implies that 86,5% of victims are female, 56,5% are children (61,5% in the countryside and 32,1% in the capital), and 89,7% of perpetrators are people known to the victim, 94,1% being male. 31,4% of the perpetrators are victims relatives. As to the places where the aggression were committed, it is worth noting that 62,2% of victims were assaulted at their family s residence. There were no significant differences concerning the age of victims in the countryside or the capital, just as there was no difference concerning the place where aggression was perpetrated and the characterization of aggressors in the countryside and the capital. A comparison concerning the service flow was also drawn, with the purpose of knowing if victims searched for continued service after leaving the police station, and the result indicates that only in 176 out of 222 cases the victims maintained a continued service process and went to the SAVVS. In general, results point to a characterization of sexual violence in Sergipe according to what the scholarship states about other areas in Brazil, with similar dynamics between countryside and capital. This study can be seen as the first one which is dedicated to statistics of sexual violence against children and teenagers in the past few years in the state of Sergipe. Therefore, it shall contribute to the development of strategies to protect children and teenagers, providing scientific foundations to interventionist actions.
A violência sexual infanto-juvenil engloba tanto as situações de abuso sexual intra e extrafamiliar como as situações de exploração sexual nas quais a dimensão mercantil está nitidamente presente. Realizou-se uma pesquisa documental com 579 casos registrados nos anos de 2010 e 2011 do Serviço de Atendimento a Vítimas de Violência Sexual (SAVVS) de Sergipe que funciona na Maternidade Nossa Senhora de Lourdes (MNSL) e com 222 casos de inquéritos policiais da Delegacia de Atendimento aos Grupos Vulneráveis (DAGV), objetivando caracterizar e analisar as situações de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes nestes locais. A caracterização dos casos registrados no SAVVS aponta que 86,5% das vítimas são do sexo feminino, 56,5% são crianças (61,5% no interior e 32,1% na capital) e que 89,7% dos agressores são pessoas conhecidas da vítima, sendo 94,1% do total do sexo masculino. Entre estes agressores 31,4% caracterizam familiares das vítimas. Quanto ao local da agressão, é destacado que 62,2% sofreram na própria residência da família. Não houve diferenças significativas quanto à idade das vitimas no interior e capital, assim como não houve diferença quanto ao local da violência e quanto à caracterização dos agressores do interior e capital. Foi feita uma comparação também com relação ao fluxo de atendimento, procurando saber se as vítimas que saem da Delegacia seguem com o atendimento e o resultado aponta que dos 222 casos apenas 176 continuaram com o processo de atendimento e foram para o SAVVS. Em geral, os resultados apontam para uma caracterização da violência sexual em Sergipe de acordo com o que aponta a literatura sobre outras áreas do país, tendo uma dinâmica semelhante entre interior e capital. Este estudo se caracteriza como o primeiro relacionando às estatísticas da violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes nos últimos anos no Estado de Sergipe, dessa forma virá a contribuir com estratégias de proteção a crianças e adolescentes, com o sentido de garantir respaldo científico para ações intervencionistas.

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Souza, Filho Fernando José de. "O capital simbólico da função pública na sentença penal no crime de peculato em Recife." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2014. http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/532.

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It is attempted to identify the criteria that point the influence of symbolic capital of public function of criminal sentence in Recife, from 2008 to 2010. If there is a substantial difference between the actual and punitive system functions declared, then this difference should occur in the trials on the crime of embezzlement. The research is consisted in a quantitative and qualitative analysis of 22 (twenty-two) judgments issued in the Court of Crimes Against the Public Administration and Tributary Order in the District of Recife related to the crime of embezzlement, in a period of three years. Among the indicatives found in criminal sentences examined quantitatively based on critical criminology are highlighted: the lowest amount of sentences showed in the period related to the embezzlement crime in the District of Recife is demonstrated in a very low criminality, evidencing the occurrence of called hidden chord, besides the preponderance of meaningless accused in the bureaucratic field, denoting the extreme selectivity of the punitive system and a substantial difference between the functions declared and the actual functions of the criminal justice model. On the other hand, there is also an understanding of sentences, it has been done an analysis of official discourse through the examination of fragments of verdicts on the basis of critical criminology, which were identified a strong influence of the ideology of social defense. The symbolical exchanges that go through the bureaucratic field is legitimized the ideology of social defense, forging the criminal dogmatic. It is important not only to scientifically community but also to public servers responsible for criminal persecution the influence of symbolical exchanges in the judgment, seeing the judicial verdict from new perspectives, more related to the effectuation of human rights.
Intenta-se identificar critérios que apontem a influência do capital simbólico da função pública na sentença penal em Recife, no período de 2008 a 2010. Se há uma diferença substancial entre as funções declaradas e reais do sistema punitivo, então tal diferença deve ocorrer nos julgamentos por crime de peculato. A pesquisa consiste em uma análise quantitativa e qualitativa de 22 (vinte e duas) sentenças prolatadas na Vara de Crimes contra a Administração Pública e Ordem Tributária da Comarca de Recife, relativamente ao delito de peculato, no período de três anos. Dentre os indicativos encontrados nas sentenças penais examinadas com base na criminologia crítica têm destaque: a ínfima quantidade de sentenças exaradas no período concernentemente ao delito de peculato, na Comarca de Recife, traduzindose em uma baixíssima criminalização, evidenciando a ocorrência da denominada cifra oculta, além da preponderância da criminalização de réus de pequena estatura no campo burocrático, o que denota a extrema seletividade do sistema punitivo e uma diferença substancial entre a funções declaradas e as funções reais do modelo de justiça criminal. Por outro lado, também parte-se para uma compreensão das sentenças, tendo-se realizado uma análise do discurso oficial através do exame de fragmentos dos vereditos também com fundamento na criminologia crítica, nos quais se identificou uma forte influência da ideologia da defesa social. As trocas simbólicas que perpassam o campo burocrático legitimam a ideologia da defesa social, forjando a dogmática penal. É imperioso chamar a atenção tanto da comunidade científica quanto dos servidores púbicos responsáveis pela persecução penal para a influência das trocas simbólicas no julgamento, vislumbrando-se o veredito judicial a partir de novas perspectivas, mais consentâneas com a efetivação dos direitos humanos.

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Filho, Fernando José de Souza. "O capital simbólico da função pública na sentença penal no crime de peculato em Recife." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2014. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1019.

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Intenta-se identificar critérios que apontem a influência do capital simbólico da função pública na sentença penal em Recife, no período de 2008 a 2010. Se há uma diferença substancial entre as funções declaradas e reais do sistema punitivo, então tal diferença deve ocorrer nos julgamentos por crime de peculato. A pesquisa consiste em uma análise quantitativa e qualitativa de 22 (vinte e duas) sentenças prolatadas na Vara de Crimes contra a Administração Pública e Ordem Tributária da Comarca de Recife, relativamente ao delito de peculato, no período de três anos. Dentre os indicativos encontrados nas sentenças penais examinadas com base na criminologia crítica têm destaque: a ínfima quantidade de sentenças exaradas no período concernentemente ao delito de peculato, na Comarca de Recife, traduzindose em uma baixíssima criminalização, evidenciando a ocorrência da denominada cifra oculta, além da preponderância da criminalização de réus de pequena estatura no campo burocrático, o que denota a extrema seletividade do sistema punitivo e uma diferença substancial entre a funções declaradas e as funções reais do modelo de justiça criminal. Por outro lado, também parte-se para uma compreensão das sentenças, tendo-se realizado uma análise do discurso oficial através do exame de fragmentos dos vereditos também com fundamento na criminologia crítica, nos quais se identificou uma forte influência da ideologia da defesa social. As trocas simbólicas que perpassam o campo burocrático legitimam a ideologia da defesa social, forjando a dogmática penal. É imperioso chamar a atenção tanto da comunidade científica quanto dos servidores púbicos responsáveis pela persecução penal para a influência das trocas simbólicas no julgamento, vislumbrando-se o veredito judicial a partir de novas perspectivas, mais consentâneas com a efetivação dos direitos humanos.
It is attempted to identify the criteria that point the influence of symbolic capital of public function of criminal sentence in Recife, from 2008 to 2010. If there is a substantial difference between the actual and punitive system functions declared, then this difference should occur in the trials on the crime of embezzlement. The research is consisted in a quantitative and qualitative analysis of 22 (twenty-two) judgments issued in the Court of Crimes Against the Public Administration and Tributary Order in the District of Recife related to the crime of embezzlement, in a period of three years. Among the indicatives found in criminal sentences examined quantitatively based on critical criminology are highlighted: the lowest amount of sentences showed in the period related to the embezzlement crime in the District of Recife is demonstrated in a very low criminality, evidencing the occurrence of called hidden chord, besides the preponderance of meaningless accused in the bureaucratic field, denoting the extreme selectivity of the punitive system and a substantial difference between the functions declared and the actual functions of the criminal justice model. On the other hand, there is also an understanding of sentences, it has been done an analysis of official discourse through the examination of fragments of verdicts on the basis of critical criminology, which were identified a strong influence of the ideology of social defense. The symbolical exchanges that go through the bureaucratic field is legitimized the ideology of social defense, forging the criminal dogmatic. It is important not only to scientifically community but also to public servers responsible for criminal persecution the influence of symbolical exchanges in the judgment, seeing the judicial verdict from new perspectives, more related to the effectuation of human rights.

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Ferreira, Luís Henrique Costa. "Cenários do turismo e suas relações com o crime na Capital do Estado da Bahia." Faculdade de Direito, 2013. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/16670.

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Este estudo parte do conceito de turismo da Organização Mundial do Turismo (OMT) com a preocupação de conhecer o cenário que envolve o turista em circunstâncias de crime e de violência, para responder quais os principais aspectos envolvidos nas relações entre turismo e crime. Entende que esta relação é complexa e se constitui em um objeto cientifico e campo do conhecimento mal definido e que vem requerendo maiores conhecimentos dos elementos compreendidos no conceito de turismo, enquanto uma atividade de política pública, a saber: o turista; os prestadores de serviços; o governo e a comunidade do destino turístico. Para tanto, a opção foi a da escolha da Cidade do Salvador como a comunidade privilegiada; a DELTUR como o governo institucionalizado e o turista porque ele representa o elemento chave para a subsistência da denominada indústria turística. A metodologia quali-quanti permitiu as observações dos aspectos definidos na pesquisa e a análise documental rica em dados auxiliou nas constatações sobre a fragilidade do sistema governamental de turismo na Bahia, evidenciando mais uma vez que as questões sobre segurança pública são na maior parte tratadas como exclusivas das polícias civil e militar. O que se conclui de todo o trabalho é que os locais turísticos de Salvador como concebidos e mantidos apresentam o ambiente ecológico e a oportunidade propícia para a ação de delinquentes contra os turistas, reunindo os fatores, ofensor motivado, alvo disponível e ausência de guardiões. O policiamento ostensivo apesar de superior ao da maior parte dos locais da Capital sozinho não solucionara o problema. Nesse contexto o turista estrangeiro surge como alvo mais vulnerável superando em muito o turista doméstico no papel de vítima. A seleção dos criminosos é por presas fáceis e eles agem na maior parte das vezes contra homens e mulheres isolados, são poucas as agressões contra grupos de turistas. A população agressora reside predominantemente nas regiões turísticas, ou nas vizinhanças e os horários e dias de pico das agressões são aqueles nos quais há um significativo número de turista circulando em vias públicas ou fazendo turismo. O envolvimento de turistas como autores de delitos é pequeno e não chega impactar as atividades policiais. O crime contra o patrimônio é o predominante.

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Weber, Luiz Alberto. "Capital social e corrupção política nos municípios brasileiros : o poder do associativismo." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2006. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/7541.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciência Política, Programa de Pós-Graduação, 2006.
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O objetivo desta dissertação é mostrar que há uma associação positiva entre a densidade associativa existente nos pequenos e médios municípios brasileiros e o grau de corrupção política local. Ou seja, quanto maior o número de associações voluntárias por mil habitantes, menor os casos esperados de desvios de recursos públicos pelos agentes políticos locais. Na dissertação são descritas, ainda, medidas de mensuração da corrupção política (a partir de relatórios de auditoria da Controladoria-Geral da União, órgão federal responsável pela fiscalização das verbas da União transferidas para os municípios). Faz-se, também, uma revisão do marco teórico do capital social e da literatura acadêmica empenhada em melhor conceituar a corrupção política. A principal conclusão desta dissertação é que o estoque de capital social está positivamente, de maneira moderadamente forte, associado às administrações públicas mais probas. A dissertação demonstra que o associativismo local voluntário, manifestação do capital social, influi no desempenho das administrações. _____________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The aim of this dissertation is to show that there is a positive relation between associative density present inside and degree of local political corruption. How bigger the number of volunteer association by one thousand habitant smaller the expected cases of money deviation from public resources by local political agent. Measurement procedures of political corruption are descript in this dissertation (based from reports of “Controladoria-Geral da União” auditor, federal organ responsible for budget controlling of Union transferred to cities). Besides that, it has been reported a review of Social Capital theory. The main conclusion is that the social capital amount is positively associated to honest public administration. In conclusion, the dissertation demonstrates that volunteer local associative, manifestation of social capital, influence administration.

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Weiss, Harald Ernst. "The Intergenerational Transmission of Social Capital, Its Meaning for Crime in Adolescence, and for Offending in Early Adulthood." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1214584894.

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20

Evetovics, Arion. "Media portrayal of a Swedish 'Crime Capital' - A master’s thesis focusing on newspapers’ depictions of shootings in Malmö." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25835.

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During the past couple of years, shootings in Malmö have been given considerable amount of attention and not the least by the news media. The tabloids have often been dominated by headlines which indicate an increase of violent shootings in Sweden’s third largest city. Comparing shootings in Malmö to other cities in Sweden is a difficult task as the local police collects data based on different criteria, nevertheless comparisons are frequently made. The objective of this project is to examine how newspapers portray shootings in Malmö by analyzing articles from major newspapers in Sweden. This thesis focuses on the language that is used and in the light of moral panics theory it is discusses whether the news articles in question are instigating moral panics. It is evaluated what discourses are produced and reproduced by the language used in the context of shootings in Malmö through critical discourse analysis (CDA). The main findings reveal that news media tend to promote certain ideas about the severity and the circumstances regarding shootings in Malmö that are symbolic for the instigation of moral panics. In the context of shootings in Malmö the most frequent points that are raised is that shootings are “symptomatic”, shootings are becoming normalized and shootings pose a threat to “normal people” as well. The main implications from this project is that future research is needed on the subject of how data regarding shootings is collected by to police in order to conduct research similar to this. There is a need of a uniformity within the police regarding the definition and classification of shootings in order to facilitate research that compares shootings across the nation. As a follow up to the current project it would be beneficial to investigate the social reactions to the style of journalism discussed in this paper.

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Cook, Amanda Paige. "CAPITAL AND PUNISHMENT: SUPPORTING THE DEATH OF DETERRENCE." MSSTATE, 2007. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04262007-171049/.

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Previous research has examined certainty and severity of punishment as serving a deterrent function. This research examines the effects of economic, cultural, and social capital, as well as the effects of certainty, severity, and prior punishment on likelihood of re-offending. Data collected at the Central Mississippi Correctional Facility suggest that traditional deterrence indicators are insufficient for predicting likelihood of re-offending. This research finds that prior punishment increases likelihood of re-offending, a finding completely counter to that of traditional deterrence. Re-offending may be best understood by considering the effects of punishment on increasing prison capital and decreasing real world capital. The argument is that inmates consider their potential in the real world as compared to that in a prison when reporting likelihood of re-offending. Such considerations should better explain likelihood of re-offending as compared to traditional deterrence indicators, such as certainty, severity, and prior punishment.

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22

Liliequist, Jonas. "Brott, synd och straff : tidelagsbrottet i Sverige under 1600- och 1700-talet." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Humanistiska fakulteten, 1992. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-62940.

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Bestiality was one of the most severely-punished crimes in 17th and 18th century Sweden. More individuals have been executed for bestiality in Sweden than for witchcraft. The sentence for bestiality was decapitation and being burnt at the stake. Even the animals with which the sodomist had had intercourse were slaughtered and burned publicly at the place of execution. An even greater number of people were sentenced to corporal punishment and forced labour in iron collars for attempting to commit bestiality. Despite the severe penalty the number of trials increased dramatically during the first half of the 18th century, culminating sometime mid-century. Bestiality, together with infanticide, stood out as the most serious of contemporary Swedish social problems. The numerous trials and executions for bestiality seem to have had few if any parallels in contemporary Europe! The purpose of this dissertation is to reconstruct, with the aid of trial records, the various cultural and symbolic significations which acts of bestiality conjured up for the society of the day, as well as to provide an explanation for the increase in the number of trials and its geographic distribution. The first section of this research assignment is inspired by the research traditions which fall under the headings of historical anthropolgy and history of mentalities. The second section is of a more traditional social- historical nature. The conflict and interaction between an elite culture in the service of authority and a folk culture with its roots in traditional customs and ways of thinking comprise a unifying and comprehensive theme in the present dissertation. The source material is composed of judgements and hearing reports from a total of 1,510 trials conducted during the period 1635- 1754, equivalent to the greater percentage of all the trials concerning bestiality dealt with by the district courts in Sweden at that time. By the middle of the 18th century the population living within the area under investigation was something more than one and one-half million souls. The present study shows that the bestiality trials in 17th and 18th century Sweden can be explained neither as the result of a one-sided campaign on behalf of the authorities, nor as a way in which local communities tried to get rid of inconvenient and marginalized individuals. Instead, the numerous denunciations and confessions must be seen as the result of an interaction between the desire of the authorities to exercise control and to legitimize its power, and a popular problemization of the act of bestiality itself. Three areas for problematizing have been pointed out, all of whom contributed to an increased willingness to accuse and confess: the merging of sin and crime within a framework of a justice system featuring public punishment and atonement rituals; transgression of the border between man and beast and conceptions of that which is physically impure; and a traditional job delegation between the sexes and between boys and men which led to different roles in relation to the animals. In a European perspective, the latter was perhaps the most specific to Sweden.
digitalisering@umu

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Manso, Bruno Paes. "Crescimento e queda dos homicidios em SP entre 1960 e 2010. Uma análise dos mecanismos da escolha homicida e das carreiras no crime." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-12122012-105928/.

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A tese descreve o processo de crescimento e de queda dos homicídios em São Paulo entre os anos de 1960 e 2010. Com auxílio das ferramentas teóricas da criminologia do desenvolvimento e da teoria de ação situacional, que vem sendo debatida por criminologistas como Wikström, Sampson e Laub, a tese foca a investigação nas escolhas homicidas ao longo desses anos, sempre considerando o contexto em que foram tomadas. Por meio de uma análise qualitativa, a tese tenta demonstrar os mecanismos sociais que causaram o movimento da curva de homicídios na capital e Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Entre 1960 e 1999, os homicídios cresceram e os casos se concentraram em bairros e cidades das periferias. A partir de 2000, os homicídios começaram a cair quase ininterruptamente em São Paulo. A tese descreve como essas escolhas começam e se multplicam principalmente a partir do momento em que os homicídios passam a ser vistos e praticados como um instrumento de controle por determinados grupos de indivíduos, inclusive pelas autoridades de segurança pública. Depois, a tese descreve o funcionamento do mecanismo multiplicador dos homicídios que passa a funcionar nessas comunidades, onde homicídios provocam novos homicídios. Finalmente, conforme os homicídios se multiplicam, nessas mesmas comunidades, todos passam a perder, inclusive os próprios autores, que se tornam vítimas de vinganças. Quando os homicídios são vistos como ações prejudiciais e incapazes de garantir o controle social, políticas de controle da violência têm maiores chances de serem bem-sucedidas. É o que ocorre em São Paulo.
This thesis describes the process of growth and decline of homicide in São Paulo between 1960 and 2010. With assistance of the theoretical tools of developmental criminology and situational theory of action, which has been debated by criminologists as Wikström, Sampson and Laub, the thesis focuses on the choices of murderous over the years, always considering the context in which they were taken. Through a qualitative analysis, the thesis attempts to demonstrate the social mechanisms that caused the movement of the curve of homicides in the São Paulo capital and the metropolitan area. Between 1960 and 1999, homicides increased and the cases were concentrated in neighborhoods and cities from the suburbs. Since 2000, the homicide rate began to fall almost continuously in Sao Paulo. The thesis describes how these choices start and multplicam mainly from the time the murders began to be seen and practiced as an instrument of control by certain groups of individuals, including the public security authorities. Then, the thesis describes the operation of the multiplier mechanism of homicides that starts to work in these communities, where homicides cause new murders. Finally, as the murders multiply, these same communities, all start to lose with the murders, including the authors themselves, who become victims of revenge. When the killings are seen as harmful actions and unable to ensure social control, political and society control of violence are more likely to succeed. This is what happens in Sao Paulo.

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Schiff, Jeannie. "THE CONTEXTUAL IMPACT OF INCOME INEQUALITY ON SOCIAL CAPITAL AND ADVERSE SOCIAL OUTCOMES." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3659.

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An interdisciplinary approach to policy and governance recognizes that many social welfare problems are interrelated, and policy-makers have long recognized a need to address the root causes of these problems. There is much evidence that income inequality is one of these root causes but research suggesting the effect of income inequality is mediated by social capital has complicated the relationship, as have theories of causality that take different approaches. This study takes an ecological approach to these issues to test the relationship between income inequality, social capital and selected adverse outcomes proposed by the relative income hypothesis. The relative income hypothesis posits that the impact of income inequality on adverse outcomes is mediated by social capital. The study used a retrospective cross-sectional design to analyze county-level data for the year 2000 with a structural equation model composed of three constructs: income inequality, modeled by four common measures; a social capital construct based on a model developed by Rupasingha, Goetz and Freshwater (2006); and an adverse outcomes construct designed as a parsimonious measure of social outcomes in four public affairs disciplinary areas. The test of the path presumed by the relative income hypothesis revealed both a direct effect of income inequality and indirect effect of inequality through social capital. However, the direct effect of income inequality on outcomes was significantly larger than the indirect effect, indicating the relationship is moderated, rather than mediated, by social capital. Since the impact of social capital on the selected adverse outcomes was relatively small, and the final model failed to achieve statistical significance, the relative income hypothesis that income inequality exerts its primary effect on outcomes through social capital was rejected.
Ph.D.
Other
Health and Public Affairs
Public Affairs PhD

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Silva, David Esmael Marques da. "Da festa à chacina: formas de gestão da violência e do crime em São Carlos/SP." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6767.

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Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos
The research aimed to understand the perceptions and practices of state institutions agents (servers of the Secretaria Municipal de Cidadania e Assistência Social de São Carlos, the Polícia Militar do Estado de São Paulo e a Polícia Civil do Estado de São Paulo) with respect to the new organization of criminal dynamics and the Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) in São Carlos, in the state of São Paulo. The main question that mobilized the research was: what are the effects of the reorganization of criminal dynamics in state strategies of crime and violence control. Therefore, the empirical research utilized semi-structured interviews with state officials, participant observation in the community center on the outskirts of São Carlos and analysis of press material.
A pesquisa teve como objetivo conhecer as percepções e práticas de agentes de instituições estatais (servidores da Secretaria Municipal de Cidadania e Assistência Social de São Carlos, da Polícia Militar do Estado de São Paulo e da Polícia Civil do Estado de São Paulo) com relação à nova organização das dinâmicas criminais e ao Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) na cidade de São Carlos, interior do estado de São Paulo. A questão central que mobilizou a pesquisa foi: quais os efeitos da reorganização das dinâmicas criminais nas estratégias estatais de gestão do crime e da violência. Para tanto, a pesquisa empírica se valeu de entrevistas semiestruturadas com agentes estatais, observação participante no centro comunitário na periferia de São Carlos e análise de material de imprensa.

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Dean, Jennifer Lynne. "Resources Matter: The Role of Social Capital and Collective Efficacy in Mediating Gun Violence." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5006.

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Abstract This study explains how community activists make use of available social capital and collective efficacy while attempting to mediate gun violence. It specifically focuses on twelve in-depth interviews of activists' perspectives, processes and rationales to alleviate community gun violence, based on informal social control models. Findings suggest activists must establish trust and respect with youth they work with before mediation begins, which is established through similar life experiences or backgrounds. Once a strong bond is established with youth, activists identified five core processes to reduce violence: 1) improve the mindset, 2) provide life skills, 3) assist youth as their liaison between networks, 4) expose and provide tools to other opportunities such as college or jobs, and 5) activists challenge system policy that they feel contributes to Chicago's gun violence.

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Giuriati, Tommaso. "Les évolutions contemporaines du Milieu français (1994-2006). Une étude des archives de la Cour d'Appel d'Aix-en-Provence." Thesis, Corte, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021CORT0018.

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A partir de la notion de milieu criminel et de celle de mafia, la thèse prend en examen 94 affaires d’association de malfaiteurs jugés à la Cour d’Appel d'Aix-en-Provence pour décrire les évolutions du grand banditisme français, et notamment corso-marseillais. Ce dernier est réputé comme le plus important en France, grâce à sa présence de longue date et son organisation autochtone. Nous souhaitons confronter la notion française de “grand banditisme” à celles internationales de “criminalité organisée” et de “mafia”, afin de comprendre les évolutions de ces groupes en termes d’organisations, de réseaux et de pouvoir.Dans la première partie, après avoir présenté la méthodologie, l’on passe en revue les mythes qui informent une grande partie de la littérature généraliste sur le changement social dans les groupes criminels, puis l’on analyse la législation récente concernant les groupes criminels. Dans la deuxième,l’on prend en examen la composition sociale de la population construite à partir des dossiers, la structure des entreprises délictueuses enfin la structure du réseau défini par ces groupes.Parmi les principaux résultats, la thèse montre la présence de formes de gouvernance extra-légale sur les marchés illicites français, où la position d’autorité est mise en lumière par la détection de trous structuraux au sein du réseau général, ce qui représente une première forme d’organisation de type mafieux dans plusieurs études anglo-saxonnes et italiennes
: Based on the notion of criminal milieu and mafia, thethesis examines 94 cases of criminal conspiracy tried at the Court of Appeal of Aix-en-Provence todescribe the evolution of French organized crime, particularly Corso-Marseille. The latter is reputedto be the most important in France, thanks to its long-standing presence and its indigenousorganisation. We wish to confront the French notion of "grand banditism" with the internationalnotions of "organised crime" and "mafia", in order to understand the evolution of these groups interms of organisation, networks and power.In the first part, after presenting the methodology, the myths that inform much of the generalliterature on social change in criminal groups are reviewed, followed by an analysis of recentlegislation concerning criminal groups. The second examines the social composition of the populationconstructed from the records, the structure of criminal enterprises and the network structure definedby these groups.Among the main results, the thesis shows the presence of extra-legal forms of governance in theFrench illicit markets, where the position of authority is highlighted by the detection of structural holeswithin the general network, which represents a first form of mafia-like organisation in several AngloSaxon and Italian studies

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Harding, Simon K. "The role and significance of street capital in the social field of the violent youth gang in Lambeth." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/300645.

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Much recent UK gang research has failed to adequately answer: do gangs exist and if so, are they organised? internal gang dynamics, criminal behaviours and motivations for joining remain largely unexplored; as does the upsurge in violent crime in gang-affected areas of south London. This research set out to answer these questions by investigating gangs in Lambeth, their activities and the daily experiences of those affiliated to them. The study begins by profiling the case study area, currently prevalent street gangs and links to violent crime. The investigation then examines in detail inter-gang and intragang dynamics and community relationships. A further objective is to establish whether, and if so to what extent, gangs were expanding and becoming more deeply embedded in the neighbourhood. This work situates contemporary UK gang research within the literary arc of classic and contemporary US gang research, from Chicago School to Hagedorn. Current UK studies are categorised into three distinct arguments, then critiqued from a Left Realist perspective. Addressing the question, how do we explain an increase in gang related violence?, the work establishes the gang as a social arena (field) of competition where actors struggle for distinction. But what are the characteristics and boundaries of this social -Field? What motivates young people to enter it, and how do you succeed within it? How significant are personal relationships and networks? What is the role of social capital and how do you become a competent actor in this field? These issues are explored using the theoretical perspectives of social field analysis and habitus from Bourdieu alongside various elements of social capital theory. An inductive ethnometholdogy was adopted. The paper presents findings from 30 qualitative interviews of residents, professionals and gang -affiliated young people in Lambeth. The ethical challenges of gang research, such as access and anonymity are addressed. The findings support the proposition that gangs in south London exist, are active and internally organised into three structural tiers. Success within the field is determined by building and maintaining Street Capital -a tradable asset. To acquire this, members strategise by employing tested techniques from the Gang Repertoire, derived from the habitus. Youngers and Olders employ different Repertoires. All actors within the social field are subject to sanctions with new arrivals at increased risk. The field is highly gendered and girls are central to the gang strategising using information and the gang Network. Importantly the findings support the argument that gangs in Lambeth are evolving and becoming more embedded. Increased gang related violence is an outcome of new dynamics in social field, including the imperative to acquire Street Capital and the role of new technology. Increased tensions and violence have cumulative stressful impacts for young people. To address this, they increasingly risk manage their lives through self exclusion or a fatalistic immersion in the social field.

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Freston, Rodrigo Braga. "Combate ao crime organizado: um estudo do PCC e das instituições do sistema de justiça criminal." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/976.

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The purpose of our research is to study the characteristics and actions of the group known as Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC), in their relations with the institutions of the criminal justice system (police subsystem and criminal justice, execution, and administration), and the ramifications of the series of attacks perpetrated by that organization between May and August of 2006. At first, we give a theoretical analysis of the police apparatus and organized crime to, in turn, investigate the emergence, structure, activities, and objectives of PCC. We also focus on the series of attacks on these dates, on their effects on the criminal organization and, above all, on the public institutions who combat them. We compare these institutions evolution and the relationship between them, attempting to establish the degree to which the series of attacks became a catalyst for institutional change and in what way it allowed for a greater approximation between the institutions that are a part of this system.
O propósito de nossa pesquisa é estudar as características e a atuação do grupo conhecido como Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC), em sua relação com as instituições do sistema de justiça criminal (subsistemas policial e de justiça, execução e administração penal), assim como os desdobramentos da onda de ataques levada a cabo por aquela organização de maio a agosto de 2006. De início, procuramos realizar uma análise teórica do aparelho policial e do crime organizado para, em seguida, investigarmos o surgimento, estrutura, atividades e objetivos do PCC. Também focamos a onda de ataques comandada pelo PCC naquela data e os efeitos que esta teve sobre essa organização criminosa e, sobretudo, sobre as instituições públicas que travaram combate contra essa facção. Comparamos a evolução das instituições do sistema de justiça criminal e as relações que mantêm entre si, procurando estabelecer em que medida a onda de ataques serviu como catalisador de mudanças institucionais e de que forma ela possibilitou uma maior aproximação entre as instituições que compõem aquele sistema.

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Santos, Michele Paula dos. "A produção de enunciados sobre os criminosos portugueses e suas práticas criminais no Boletim Policial na Capital Federal, 1907-1918." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8629.

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Em março de 1907, o Decreto no 6.640 enunciou uma reforma policial na cidade do Rio de Janeiro que, entre outras modificações, fez emergir o periódico Boletim Policial. Este trabalho analisa como essa revista, como enunciado do discurso policial, foi um arquivo construtor da polícia da Capital Federal como polícia científica e moderna entre os anos 1907 e 1918. Esse período é marcado pela reorganização dos parâmetros científicos acerca do crime e do criminoso, em várias partes do mundo, que serviram de base para a polícia científica. É o momento em que a aplicação da antropologia criminal ainda estava em voga, do uso de novos métodos de identificação de criminosos, de inovações na análise do local do crime, entre outras transformações. Abordo, também, a aplicabilidade do discurso policial modernizador em diálogo com os pressupostos da Escola Positiva e com novas formas de tecnologias de identificação dos criminosos nos ditos sobre os portugueses na esfera criminal.
In March 1907, Decree no 6640 enunciated a police reform in the city of Rio de Janeiro, which, among other changes, brought into existence the periodic Boletim Policial. This paper examines how this magazine, as a voice of police discourse, helped turning the police of the federal capital into a scientific and modern police, between 1907 and 1918. Such time was marked by the reorganization of scientific parameters about crime and the criminal in various parts of the world, which formed the basis for the scientific police. It was the moment in which criminal anthropology was applied, along with the use of new methods of criminal identification and innovations in the analysis of the crime scene, among other changes. Also, this paper intends to analyse the applicability of police-modernizing discourse in dialogue with the assumptions of positivism and new forms of technologies of criminal identification, in the sayings about the Portuguese in the criminal sphere.

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Başıbüyük, Oğuzhan. "Social (Dis)organization and Terror related Crimes in Turkey." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9796/.

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The primary focus of this study is to explore the relationship between structural factors of a specific society and occurrence of terror related crimes. Accordingly, the objective of this study is to examine how or to what extent social disorganization theory, which is the basic theoretical foundation of this study, can explain terrorism related crimes in Turkey. Although several previous studies investigated the social and structural dimensions of terrorism in a country, many of those studies did not go beyond investigating the impacts of traditional structural factors such as poverty, inequality, and education on terrorism. This study goes a step further by adding the mediating factors between those primary social disorganization variables and terror related crimes. Direct, indirect and, total effects of structural variables on terrorism through the mediating variables, that is prevalence of voluntary associations and religious institutions, are examined. Findings obtained from multivariate and mediation analyses show that while some structural variables such as education and poverty are directly related to distribution of terror related crimes, this relationship became indirect through the mediating variables for other structural variables such as residential mobility and unemployment. Results suggest that rather than overreliance on traditional antiterrorism strategies which are mostly depending on the public level control such as law enforcement process, programs supported by other levels of social control, that is, parochial and private levels must be encouraged.

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SOUSA, TATIANA BASTOS DE. "CRIME NEWS AS A PROCESS OF CONSTRUCTION OF REALITY: AN ANALISYS OF THE ATTACKS LINKED TO THE PRIMEIRO COMANDO DA CAPITAL GROUP ON MAY, 2006." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=15490@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
O estudo de caso As notícias sobre crime e a construção da realidade: uma análise da cobertura dos ataques vinculados ao grupo criminoso Primeiro Comando da Capital, em maio de 2006, tem como objetivo investigar as notícias sobre crime nas páginas de algumas das mais importantes revistas do país: Veja, Época e Caros Amigos. Para isto, parte-se de uma análise da cobertura destes periódicos sobre os ataques vinculados ao grupo criminoso Primeiro Comando da Capital, à cidade de São Paulo, em maio de 2006. O que se pretende, através desta pesquisa, é compreender de que forma tais notícias influem na solidificação de conceitos de realidade imaginados pelo leitor a respeito do crime, de seus praticantes e das leis designadas à punição de seus atos.
The case study news about crime and the construction of reality: a coverage of attacks linked to criminal gang First Capital Command, in May 2006, aims to investigate the reports on crime in the pages of some of the most important magazines the country: Veja , Época and Caros amigos. For this, part is an analysis of coverage of these periodic attacks linked to criminal gang First Capital Command, in the city of Sao Paulo in May 2006. The aim, through this research is to understand how such stories influence the solidification of the concepts of reality imagined by the reader about the crime, its practitioners and the laws designed to punish their actions.

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Hur, Yongbeom. "ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE, TURNOVER, AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: FOCUSING ON MUNICIPAL POLICE SERVICES." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2007. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukypaud2007d00576/ETD.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Kentucky, 2007.
Title from document title page (viewed on June 12, 2007). Document formatted into pages; contains: viii, 222 p. : ill. Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 205-219).

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Goulart, Marília Bilemjian. "Um salve por São Paulo: narrativas da cidade e da violência em três obras recentes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27161/tde-28012015-100411/.

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Esta dissertação discute o modo como a cidade de São Paulo, marcada pelos ataques do Primeiro Comando da Capital de maio de 2006, é construída em Salve Geral (Sérgio Rezende, 2009), Inversão (Edu Felistoque, 2010) e Os Inquilinos (Sergio Bianchi, 2009). Distantes dos paradigmáticos títulos cariocas que têm abordado violência e crime nas últimas décadas e em consonância com a polifórmica São Paulo do cinema, Salve Geral, Inversão e Inquilinos constroem diferentes cidades na tela. Em suas distintas opções formais e narrativas, encontramos entre os três títulos possiblidades que escapam de um apelo sensacional do evento. De modo instigante, os três filmes inserem a cobertura dos meios de comunicação em suas diegeses, colocando em pauta as interlocuções midiáticas em torno da violência, reforçando a importância das diferentes narrativas na construção do fenômeno e sugerindo uma postura reflexiva sobre a implicação dos filmes nesse conjunto de narrativas.
This dissertation inquiries the ways in which the city of Sao Paulo, marked by the attacks carried out by the criminal organization PCC (First Command of the Capital) in May 2006, is shown on three recent movies: Time of Fear (Salve Geral, Sérgio Resende, 2009),The Tenants - Don\'t Like It, Leave (Os Inquilinos, Sérgio Bianchi, 2009) and Inversão (Edu Felistoque, 2010). All three movies strengthen the multiple filmic representations of Sao Paulo, and not only differ from each other, but also when compared to recent movies that deal with urban violence, specially box-office hits shot in Rio de Janeiro like City of God (Cidade de Deus, Fernando Meirelles, 2002) and Elite Squad (Tropa de Elite, José Padilha, 2007). Through its multiple narrative and formal choices, we see among the three movies possibilities that escape a sensationalistic appeal of the event. In an interesting way the three movies not only include the attacks but also the mediatic reverberations, pointing the implication of the many narratives in the building of the phenomenon of violence and encouraging a reflective thought about is own construction

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Biondi, Karina. "Etnografia no movimento: território, hierarquia e lei no PCC." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/246.

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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
The First Command of the Capital (PCC), approached here as a Movement, appeared in São Paulo s prisons in the early 1990s and today is present in the majority of penal institutions and urban areas within the State of São Paulo. This approach taken here has two important implications for the thesis. Firstly, it demands reflection on an ethnography in motion. Secondly, instead of conduce to the exposure of forms, it required to make the description of the PCC-making. Thus, this thesis concerns the modes of doing PCC and ethnography. Methods therefore. The seemingly abstract notions that gave name to the parts of this thesis (motion, idea and situation), associated with others that were called to make the descriptions, they all show a (mobile) way of existing and seeing this existence which can be called PCC. Inspired by this practice of knowledge, this thesis presents the description (1) of the movement, composed of countless movements that, refusing spatial demarcations, lead to a critique of the notion of territory; (2) of the ideas, which, without defined origin and predictable or definitive end, bring into question the ways in which the concept of hierarchy are worked in the social sciences; (3) of the situations, which displace the notion of law to not legalistic bases. In short, this thesis presents some characteristics of PCC that allow to replace some key concepts to anthropology. These displacements give the title to this thesis: before naming what will be described, this title indicates what will be challenged by my description about the PCC.
O Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC), abordado aqui como um Movimento, apareceu nas prisões paulistas no início da década de 1990 e hoje está presente na maior parte não só das instituições penais como também das zonas urbanas do Estado de São Paulo. Essa abordagem trouxe duas implicações importantes para a tese. Em primeiro lugar, requisitou reflexões sobre uma etnografia também em movimento. Em segundo lugar, ao invés de levar a exposição de formas, exigiu a descrição do fazer- PCC. Assim, esta tese diz respeito a modos de fazer o PCC e uma etnografia. Métodos, portanto. As noções aparentemente abstratas que deram nome às partes da tese (movimento, ideia e situação), associadas a outras tantas que, se não intitularam capítulos ou subcapítulos, foram requisitadas para dar conta das descrições, todas elas evidenciam um modo um tanto móvel, decerto não só de existir como também de enxergar essa existência, a que pode-se chamar de PCC. Inspirada por essa prática de conhecimento, esta tese apresenta a descrição (1) do movimento, composto por inúmeros movimentos que, ao recusarem as demarcações espaciais, conduzem a uma crítica da noção de território; (2) das ideias, que, sem origem definida nem fim previsível ou mesmo definitivo, põem em questão os modos como o conceito de hierarquia é trabalhado nas ciências sociais; (3) das situações, que deslocam a noção de lei para bases não legalistas. Em suma, esta tese apresenta algumas características do Comando que permitem recolocar alguns conceitos caros à antropologia. São esses deslocamentos que dão o título a esta tese: antes de nomear o que será descrito, esse título indica o que será desafiado por minha descrição acerca do PCC.

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Tanji, Márcia. "Mercado de capitais brasileiro e tutela coletiva dos interesses." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2132/tde-03052010-095553/.

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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar em que medida os instrumentos para a tutela coletiva de interesses transindividuais previstos no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, em especial a ação coletiva, podem contribuir para o fortalecimento do mercado de capitais. Apresenta-se inicialmente a evolução histórica do mercado de capitais brasileiro. É apresentado o debate doutrinário a respeito das principais justificativas para a regulação e auto-regulação do mercado de capitais, seguido do panorama dos instrumentos atribuídos pelo legislador brasileiro à Comissão de Valores Mobiliários, às entidades autoreguladoras e aos investidores. O trabalho também trata da experiência norte-americana acerca das securities class actions, da atuação da Securities and Exchange Commission, e da possibilidade de aplicação das soluções desenvolvidas naquele país ao mercado de capitais brasileiro. Apresentam-se a evolução legislativa sobre os instrumentos de tutela coletiva e a análise sobre a utilização destes instrumentos atualmente, suas virtudes e limitações, com o objetivo de identificar os elementos para a sua adequada aplicação.
The purpose of this study is to analyze how the collective litigation tools available in the Brazilian legal system, particularly the class actions, may contribute to the strengthening of the Brazilian capital market. This study first discusses the historical evolution of the Brazilian capital market and the doctrinaire debate about the main rehaznos for regulation and self-regulation of capital market, followed by a brief description of the tools provided by Brazilians lawmarkers to the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (Comissão de Valores Mobiliários), as well as to the self-regulatory entibies and investors. This study also explores the United States experience of securities class actions, the role of Securities and Exchange Commission and the possibility of application of the solutions designed in the United States of America to the Brazilian capital market. This study presents the legislative evolution of collective litigation tools and the analysis of their current uses, advantages and limitations in order to identify the elements for its suitable application.

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Burgason, Kyle Aaron. "Examination of the Death Penalty: Public Opinion of a Northeast Tennessee University Student Sample." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1744.

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How society views the use of the death penalty as a means of punishment greatly affects the decisions of lawmakers, politicians who use it as a platform for election, and the criminals who commit the crime of murder. This study used 40 different vignettes involving real-life murder scenarios in order for participants to form a more precise opinion of what the correct punishment for the crime should be. Given a choice between the death penalty, life without the possibility of parole, a prison term of their choosing, or other, participants were asked to assign a sanction for each vignette. Respondents were asked to answer demographic questions about themselves in order for these variables to be regressed to examine how their status relates to their opinion of the death penalty as a punishment for murder. Statistical analysis showed income level, political affiliation, and religious affiliation to be significant variables. Analysis of the vignettes themselves revealed substantial variation in individual's willingness to apply the death penalty across various types of murder.

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Filho, JoÃo Capistrano. "A Crise da RazÃo em Adorno." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=19936.

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nÃo hÃ
O objetivo desse trabalho Ã demonstrar como se dÃ A Crise da RazÃo em Adorno. Como ponto de partida verificamos a concepÃÃo de objeto em Adorno em que ele dÃ primazia ao objeto incluindo o sujeito como parte deste. A crÃtica adorniana, nesse sentido, volta-se contra os conceitos impostos pela sociedade dirigida pelo capital que desÃguam no princÃpio da identidade, ou seja, todo pensamento deve identificar um ente do real de acordo com os interesses do capitalismo. O capital atravÃs do princÃpio da identidade ocultaria as contradiÃÃes sociais existentes entre os indivÃduos particulares para esconder a sua verdadeira face que Ã a de um sistema de contradiÃÃes. Ocultar as contradiÃÃes faz parte do jogo de dominaÃÃo do sistema capitalista. A dominaÃÃo exercida pelo capital seria, segundo Adorno, uma heranÃa da antiga forma mÃtica de dominaÃÃo. O homem teria dissolvido o antigo mito pelo desenvolvimento da tecnica, mas nÃo dissolveu o sistema de dominaÃÃo do velho mito que Ã o sistema de dominaÃÃo da natureza a qual o mito representava. A humanidade destruiu o mito antigo, mas racionalizou a sua forma de dominaÃÃo que se manifesta no feroz domÃnio sobre a natureza e o prÃprio homem e que Adorno chama de razÃo instrumental.
The aim of that work is to demonstrate how The Crisis of Reason in Adorno occurs. First of all, we verify the conception of the object in Adorno when he give the primacy to the object including the subject like a part of that. The adornian criticism , in that sense, goes against the society controlled by the capital that drain in principle of the identity, that is, every thought has to identify a being of the real according to the interests of capitalism. The capital through the principle of the identity would hide the existent social contradictions among the private individuals in order to hide its true face of a system of the contradictions. Hiding the contradictions is an element of the game of the domination of the capitalist system. The domination exerted by the capital would be an heirdom of the ancient mythic form of the domination according to Adorno. Man would have dissolved the system of the domination of the ancient myth that is the system of the natural domination that the myth used to represent. The humanity destroyed the ancient myth but racionalized its form of domination that it is manifested in the ferocious dominion about the nature and the own man that Adorno names the instrumental reason.

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Svedin, Glenn. ""En ohyra på samhällskroppen" : Kriminalitet, kontroll och modernisering i Sverige och Sundsvallsdistriktet under 1800- och det tidiga 1900-talet." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-24942.

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This thesis presents an analysis of crime trends and social control during the dramatic transformation of Sweden's social landscape in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, set against the background of the modernization process in the country as a whole and the city of Sundsvall and environs in particular. What assumptions about crime were evident in public debate? How did crime levels vary from region to region, and what were the changes over time? What strategies did government and local authorities try for combating crime? Did the joint efforts by government, local communities, and the voluntary sector actually solve the problems that social change was believed to have caused?When it comes to theory, the interpretative framework is based on Anthony Giddens's argument about modernity and modernization, making particular use of a few central points about what the changes meant for the structuration of society. Giddens's ideas about changes in social control are refined with Michel Foucault's and David Garland's work on the increasingly disciplinary trend seen in the exercise of the law and public control. The analysis of modernity's ramifications for the transformation of both social structures and crime alike has also benefitted from Robert Putnam's and Travis Hirschi's insights into the importance of social capital and social bonds for a well-functioning, low-crime society.The process by which Sweden was transformed from an overwhelmingly agrarian country to an urban, industrial society left its mark on crime patterns. To the contemporary mind, industrialization, migration, and urbanization were the underlying causes of the high levels of serious crime in the society. The start of the nineteenth century had seen a rise in criminality, with both petty crime and lethal violence becoming more common. At the same time, there was a heated debate about the socio-economic problems that were such a strain on the structure of society. The analysis finds that there were large differences in prosecutions in the country and between cities. The Sundsvall area was among those that saw a dramatic change in crime in the course of becoming a major industrial region. At the same time, the thesis shows that there were plenty of cities in Sweden, however rapidly they grew, that had low crime rates. However, the widespread fear of industrialization, migration, and urbanization was often unfounded. For example, both lethal violence and public order offences reached their lowest recorded levels in the interwar period. By then, new cures were sought for the social and moral ills of society. The state's sphere of influence had expanded. New social reforms, including a modified crime policy, were launched. The state became even more assertive, and the same was true of civil society. Society would attend to the moral education of a number of different groups. Moral virtues were to be instilled in the workshy, alcoholic, or criminal, in order to produce disciplined and cultured citizens. The attention of social activists, the scientific community, civil servants, and local and national politicians shifted from crime per se to the far broader issue of asociality. Modernization gave the voluntary sector a significant role in the social organization of the day, shaping new forums for interpersonal relationships and strengthening social ties. The thesis makes the case that two distinct periods, each with its specific social structures and crime patterns, can be observed; one belonging to the nineteenth century, the other to the first four decades of the twentieth century.Finally, the similarities between the history of crime in Sweden and, for example, the US or the UK are highlighted. As in Britain and North America, the early industrialization period saw weakened social bonds, and a time of greater violence and disorder ensued. After a while however, the situation stabilized, and crime rates began to drop again. When industrial societies ceased to be 'frontier communities' at the forefront of modernization, and instead became more mature communities, crime levels fell as people's commitment to their communities was renewed.

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Jacob, Ivan Lucon Monteiro. "Globalização, Estado e crise estrutural do capital /." Araraquara, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132615.

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Orientador: Adilson Marques Gennari
Banca: Daniel Augusto Feldmann
Banca: Paulo Alves de Lima Filho
Resumo: A reprodução do sistema do capital mudou. Isto não significa dizer que a acumulação capitalista prescinde agora dos esquemas reprodutivos ligados ao capital industrial, como descrito por Marx; nem que a geração de valor não se dê mais pela força de trabalho subordinada ao capital. A modificação se dá justamente pela subsunção das formas clássicas a um novo componente estrutural: a financeirização. Pois o que surge é um novo regime de acumulação, predominantemente financeirizado, reconfigurando a reprodução do sistema e impondo sua lógica. Por isso, a esfera financeira aumenta em importância em relação à esfera produtiva, aumento este que deve ser entendido como concomitante aumento do papel desempenhado pela forma funcional autonomizada do capital: o capital portador de juros. O capital financeiro se apresenta, pois, como a etapa mais avançada do sistema capitalista e se distingue pelo caráter universal e permanente das atuações especulativas e de criação contábil de capitais fictícios; a constituição de um complexo aparato financeiro se faz necessária pela natureza intrinsicamente especulativa da gestão dos grupos industriais, dada a prática de ampliar ficticiamente o valor do capital existente. E nessa nova configuração da reprodução capitalista não só a atuação do Estado se altera, mas também a forma como o Estado se relaciona com a própria reprodução do sistema. Desvendar estas novas determinações entre Estado e capital, portanto, se faz necessário se se quer compreender de maneira mais clara a crise estrutural do capital na contemporaneidade, inserindo-as como elemento central a esta crise. Pois o Estado capitalista representa uma forma orgânica do capital, vital ao seu processo de reprodução social, seja em suas funções políticas centrais ou naquelas intimamente vinculadas às suas funções econômicas, ligadas ao processo de acumulação e reprodução. Portanto, este trabalho...
Abstract: The reproduction of the capitalist system has changed. It does not mean that the capitalist accumulation now does not depend on the reproductive schemes associated to the industrial capital, as described by Marx; or that the value generation does not occurs anymore for the workforce subordinated to capital. The change occurs exactly in the subsumption of the classical forms to a new structural component: the financialization. What emerges is a new regime of accumulation, predominantly financialized, reconfiguring the system reproduction and imposing its logic. Therefore, the financial sphere increases in importance regarding the productive sphere, and such increase should be understood as a concomitant increase in the role played by the autonomized functional form of capital: the interest-bearing capital. Therefore, the financial capital appears as the most advanced stage of the capitalist system and is distinguished by the universal and permanent character of speculative performances and accounting creation of fictitious capital; the establishment of a complex financial apparatus is necessary because of the intrinsically speculative nature of the management of industrial groups, through the practice of extending fictitiously the value of the existing capital. And in this new configuration of the capitalist reproduction, not only the State action changes, but the relation of State with its own reproduction system also changes. Therefore, it is necessary to unveil these new determinations between the state and the capital if one wants to understand more clearly the structural crisis of the capital in the contemporary times, inserting them as a central element of this crisis. Since the capitalist state represents an organic form of capital, essential to its social reproduction process, either on their main political functions or on those strictly connected to their economic functions, associated to the accumulation and reproduction process...
Mestre

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41

Jacob, Ivan Lucon Monteiro [UNESP]. "Globalização, Estado e crise estrutural do capital." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132615.

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A reprodução do sistema do capital mudou. Isto não significa dizer que a acumulação capitalista prescinde agora dos esquemas reprodutivos ligados ao capital industrial, como descrito por Marx; nem que a geração de valor não se dê mais pela força de trabalho subordinada ao capital. A modificação se dá justamente pela subsunção das formas clássicas a um novo componente estrutural: a financeirização. Pois o que surge é um novo regime de acumulação, predominantemente financeirizado, reconfigurando a reprodução do sistema e impondo sua lógica. Por isso, a esfera financeira aumenta em importância em relação à esfera produtiva, aumento este que deve ser entendido como concomitante aumento do papel desempenhado pela forma funcional autonomizada do capital: o capital portador de juros. O capital financeiro se apresenta, pois, como a etapa mais avançada do sistema capitalista e se distingue pelo caráter universal e permanente das atuações especulativas e de criação contábil de capitais fictícios; a constituição de um complexo aparato financeiro se faz necessária pela natureza intrinsicamente especulativa da gestão dos grupos industriais, dada a prática de ampliar ficticiamente o valor do capital existente. E nessa nova configuração da reprodução capitalista não só a atuação do Estado se altera, mas também a forma como o Estado se relaciona com a própria reprodução do sistema. Desvendar estas novas determinações entre Estado e capital, portanto, se faz necessário se se quer compreender de maneira mais clara a crise estrutural do capital na contemporaneidade, inserindo-as como elemento central a esta crise. Pois o Estado capitalista representa uma forma orgânica do capital, vital ao seu processo de reprodução social, seja em suas funções políticas centrais ou naquelas intimamente vinculadas às suas funções econômicas, ligadas ao processo de acumulação e reprodução. Portanto, este trabalho...
The reproduction of the capitalist system has changed. It does not mean that the capitalist accumulation now does not depend on the reproductive schemes associated to the industrial capital, as described by Marx; or that the value generation does not occurs anymore for the workforce subordinated to capital. The change occurs exactly in the subsumption of the classical forms to a new structural component: the financialization. What emerges is a new regime of accumulation, predominantly financialized, reconfiguring the system reproduction and imposing its logic. Therefore, the financial sphere increases in importance regarding the productive sphere, and such increase should be understood as a concomitant increase in the role played by the autonomized functional form of capital: the interest-bearing capital. Therefore, the financial capital appears as the most advanced stage of the capitalist system and is distinguished by the universal and permanent character of speculative performances and accounting creation of fictitious capital; the establishment of a complex financial apparatus is necessary because of the intrinsically speculative nature of the management of industrial groups, through the practice of extending fictitiously the value of the existing capital. And in this new configuration of the capitalist reproduction, not only the State action changes, but the relation of State with its own reproduction system also changes. Therefore, it is necessary to unveil these new determinations between the state and the capital if one wants to understand more clearly the structural crisis of the capital in the contemporary times, inserting them as a central element of this crisis. Since the capitalist state represents an organic form of capital, essential to its social reproduction process, either on their main political functions or on those strictly connected to their economic functions, associated to the accumulation and reproduction process...

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42

Alonso, Leonardo. "Crimes contra o mercado de capitais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2136/tde-07052010-075537/.

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A necessidade de tutela eficiente do Mercado de Capitais é, atualmente, indiscutível. O advento de novas tecnologias e o tráfego internacional de capital cada vez maior; tornam o Mercado de Capitais, contemporaneamente, sujeito a amplos riscos e danos. Nesse contexto, o legislador tem respondido com a incriminação de condutas ofensivas ao mercado, contudo a formulação de tipos penais nem sempre se mostra adequada. Dessa forma, questiona-se qual o bem juridicamente tutelado pelos crimes contra o Mercado de Capitais, referente material necessário à intervenção penal do Estado; bem como quais os critérios adequados para verificação da legitimidade de tal intervenção. A dissertação está dividida em quatro capítulos. No primeiro capítulo tem lugar a análise dos dilemas do direito penal clássico frente aos novos riscos decorrentes da sociedade pós-moderna, com especial destaque à expansão dos Mercados de Capitais em uma sociedade globalizada; bem como os efeitos da chamada Globalização no direito penal e o incremento do direito penal econômico. O segundo capítulo destina-se a uma verificação das bases jurídicas e legais da regulação do Mercado de Capitais fundamentais para uma melhor compreensão de sua tutela penal , nomeadamente quanto ao seu controle no âmbito administrativo. Cumpre, ainda, no segundo capítulo, uma delimitação dos critérios científicos, externos ao bem jurídico, capazes de possibilitar um juízo de legitimidade da tutela penal do Mercado de Capitais. O terceiro capítulo trata do processo de criminalização da tutela dos Mercados de Capitais, passando por uma análise crítica acerca da utilização simbólica do direito penal e de sua internacionalização desprovida de critérios dogmáticos; e se encerra com um panorama acerca do tratamento penal dado aos Mercados de Capitais nos Estados Unidos da América e Europa Continental. Por fim, o capítulo quarto versa acerca da tutela penal do Mercado de Capitais no Brasil. Nesse contexto, partindo-se da Teoria pessoal do bem jurídico desenvolvida por Hassemer, foram identificados os interesses patrimoniais do público investidor como referente material limitador da intervenção penal do Estado. Uma vez identificado o bem jurídico tutelado, é realizada uma análise dos tipos penais relativos às operações do Mercado de Capitais, notadamente, a manipulação de mercado e o uso indevido de informação privilegiada; bem como acerca da utilização de tipos penais excessivamente abertos e crimes de perigo abstrato. Nesse capítulo também é apresentada uma proposta de adequação típica aos crimes de manipulação de mercado e uso indevido de informação privilegiada. Ao final, são expostas as conclusões do trabalho.
The need for efficient protection in the current Capital Market cannot be disregarded. The advent of new technologies and increasing international capital movements have rendered the contemporary Capital Market subject to extensive risks and damages. In this context, legislators have responded by criminalizing offensive conducts to the market, albeit through the establishment of criminal types that are not always adequate. Therefore, this thesis questions which legal good is legally protected by crimes against the Capital Market, in relation to the necessary State criminal intervention, and which are the adequate criteria for the verification of the legitimacy of such intervention. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter refers to the assessment of the dilemmas in classic criminal law in relation to the new risks arising out of post-modern society, especially regarding the expansion of the Capital Markets in a globalized society, in addition to the effects of the phenomenon referred to as Globalization in criminal law, and in economic criminal law. The second chapter focuses on the verification of the legal and judicial grounds for Capital Market regulation essential for the better understanding of its criminal protection specifically in relation to its control within the administrative scope. Furthermore, this chapter discusses the scientific criteria, external to the legal good, capable of providing for a legitimacy judgment of criminal protection of Capital Markets. The third chapter refers to the criminalization process of protection in Capital Markets, including a critical assessment of the symbolic use of criminal law and its internationalization without any dogmatic criteria. The chapter ends with the panorama on the criminal treatment given to Capital Markets in the United States of America and Continental Europe. Finally, the fourth chapter assesses criminal protection of the Capital Market in Brazil. In this context, beginning with the theory of the legal good developed by Hassemer, the asset interests of the investing public were identified as limiting material reference for the States criminal intervention. Once the protected legal good has been identified, an assessment on the criminal types in relation to the Capital Market is carried out, especially in reference to market manipulation and insider trading, as well as in regard to the use of excessively open criminal types and abstract danger crimes. This chapter also shows a proposal for the adequate typifying of market manipulation crimes and insider trading. Conclusions on the subject are drawn at the end.

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43

Serrano, Duarte. "Os impactos da atual crise financeira na estrutura de capitais das empresas portuguesas." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/11484.

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Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar os impactos da atual crise financeira na estrutura de capitais das empresas portuguesas, utilizando um modelo de regressão para dados fracionários e um modelo de regressão para dados fracionários a duas partes. A análise será realizada tendo por base os períodos de 2005 e 2012, antes e após o início da crise, abrangendo as maiores empresas portuguesas, disponíveis na base de dados AMADEUS. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que as empresas entre 2005 e 2012 não só aumentaram o seu nível de endividamento como também a probabilidade de recorrer a dívida, evidenciando assim os impactos da atual crise financeira na estrutura de capitais das empresas portuguesas; ### ABSTRACT: The impact of the recent financial crisis on the capital structure of the portuguese companies The objective of this dissertation is the analysis of the impact of the recent financial crisis on the capital structure of the portuguese companies, using a fractional regression model and a two-part fractional regression model. The analysis is focused on the years 2005 and 2012, before and after the beginning of the financial crisis, and comprises the major portuguese companies available on the AMADEUS database. The results obtained suggest that, between 2005 and 2012, these firms have not only augmented their debt levels but also increased the likelihood of resorting to debt, highlighting the impacts of the current financial crisis on the capital structure of the portuguese companies.

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Curado, Marcelo. "Rigidez comercial, movimentos de capital e crise cambial." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/285619.

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Orientador : Otaviano Canuto dos Santos Filho
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: o objetivo deste trabalho é elaborar um modelo teórico sobre o papel da rigidez de ajuste da balança comercial e da capacidade limitada de absorção de ativos extemos como. elementos presentes em crises camb~ais de economias emergentes. O modelo terá como referência as recentes crises ocorridas na América Latina, especificamente a crise mexicana de 1994 e brasileira de 1999. Pretende-se, portanto, incorporar ao debate algumas especificidades da região que tem sido negligenciadas, ou incorporadas de forma apenas parcial, pela literatura estabeleci da sobre crises cambiais. O modelo deverá ilustrar o argumento de que as causas para os recentes ataques especulativos na região encontram vinculações - além dos aspectos financeiros dàtacados pela literatura estabelecida - com o grau de competitividade extema da economia e seu grau de desenvolvimento tecnológico. Apresenta-se, ainda, uma disQUssão sobre o crescimento econômico no contexto de rigidez de ajuste comercial e limitação na absorção de capitais extemos, na qual procura-se estabelecer os vínculos entre os elementos explicativos das crises cambiais e o tema do crescimento
Abstract: This work aims to develop a theoretical model of the role that rigidities in the trade balance, as well as a limited capacity of absorption of financial capital, play in exchange rate crisis in developing countries. The model is specifically framed in the light of the experience of exchange rate crisis in Latin America, especially that of Brazil (1999) and Mexico (1994). The model includes key features of the Latin American economies which have been neglected or taken into aecount only partially in the current literature on extemal crisis. In particular, it is argued that recent speculative attacks on some Latin American currencies are related - along with the financial aspects usually highlighted by the existing literature - to competitiveness and technological development. It is discussed how growth and technology influence the exchange rate dynamics in a context of trade rigidity and increasing risk in the markets for financial assets in developing countries
Doutorado
Politica Economica
Doutor em Ciências Econômicas

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45

Cruz, Murilo Medici Navarro da. "Estado, espaço e acumulação na crise contemporânea." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-20062007-153251/.

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Este trabalho parte de uma questão posta pela realidade atual: a crise econômica mundial, percebida principalmente no que vem se denominando de financeirização da economia e, conjuntamente a esta crise, aquela do Estado nacional, ambas vistas na perspetiva mundial e, igualmente, na brasileira. Não há, no entanto, o objetivo aqui de se fazer um tratamento histórico ou puramente econômico do problema. Ao invés disso, o que se verá está mais próximo de um exercício teórico e analítico. Este se constitui, em primeiro lugar, de uma discussão aprofundada sobre os fundamentos da economia capitalista que, segundo se entende, são também os fundamentos da crise econômica atual. Em segundo lugar, para se refletir tanto sobre a crise econômica como sobre a política fazse uma reflexão sobre a produção do espaço e o papel do Estado no conjunto da sociedade capitalista. Em terceiro lugar, a conjunção entre o Estado e o capital se mostra identificável na análise do território nacional e seus fundamentos. Por último, o problema da crise atual é posto por meio de uma crítica à idéia de desterritorialização, crítica esta que leva à formulação da hipótese de uma territorialização abstrata, que seria característica da própria crise.
This work starts from a matter put by the current reality: The world economic crisis, specially seem on what has been denominated \"money predomination economy\" and, along with the crisis, the one of national State, both seen under the world\'s perspective and, equally, the Brazilian perspective. Nevertheless, this work does not intend, herein, to give a historical or purely economic treatment of the problem. Instead, what you will see is closer to an analytical and theoretical exercise. This work constitutes, firstly, of a deep discussion about the basis of capital economy which, according to what is understood, also are the basis of the current economic crisis. Secondly, to reflect about the economic crisis as much as politics, is necessary to reflect about the production of space and the State\'s role within the capitalist society. And thirdly, the union between the State and the capital shows itself identifiable on the national territory analysis along with your basis. Last but not least, the current crisis problem is put through a criticism to the lack of focusing the capital on a specific market, criticism that takes us to formulate the hypothesis of an abstract investment of capital, which would be a characteristic of the crisis itself.

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46

Ribeiro, Nelson R. "A acumulação do capital no Brasil-expansão e crise." Phd thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UTL-Universidade Técnica de Lisboa -- ISE-Instituto Superior de Economia, 1988. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30706.

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47

Espinola, Luis Fernando Perez. "Determinantes da estrutura de capital na crise financeira global." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-18092013-162654/.

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O estudo de estrutura de capital tem se desenvolvido amplamente ao longo do tempo nas finanças corporativas no mundo inteiro. Seguindo essa linha e grande interesse no estudo dos determinantes de estrutura de capital, propôs-se primeiramente analisar os determinantes da estrutura de capital de empresas americanas de capital aberto, seguidamente verificar se os determinantes da estrutura de capital durante a Crise Financeira Global se comportaram de uma maneira diferente antes da crise e, por último, como foram afetadas as emissões de dívidas e ações depois da Crise Financeira Global. Verificou-se que no período 1992-2010 as variáveis Lucratividade, Expectativas de Crescimento, Risco de Falência e Inovação apresentaram relação negativa com o endividamento a longo prazo. Por outro lado, as variáveis Tangibilidade e Tamanho mostraram relação positiva com o endividamento a longo prazo. Também se viu que a Crise Financeira Global teve efeito sobre estes determinantes de maneira que apenas as variáveis Tangibilidade, Tamanho, com relação positiva, e Lucratividade, com relação negativa, foram importantes para determinar o endividamento das empresas na Crise Financeira Global. O resultado mais relevante do trabalho foi a confirmação de mudanças no comportamento dos determinantes de estrutura de capital. Também foram analisadas as emissões de ações e dívidas antes e durante a Crise Financeira Global, sendo elas afetadas pelo choque econômico do momento. Os resultados demonstraram que as inferências são mais eficientes quando as empresas são analisadas por sua situação de caixa ou necessidade financeira. Foram levantadas evidências de que as premissas teóricas funcionam com restrições que devem ser levadas em consideração.
The study of capital structure has been extensively developed over time in the finance business worldwide. Following this line and great interest in the study of the determinants of capital structure was proposed to first analyze the determinants of capital structure of publicly traded U.S. companies, then verify that the determinants of capital structure during the Global Financial Crisis behaved differently before the crisis and finally how the debts and equities issues were affected after the Global Financial Crisis. It was found that in the period 1992-2010 the variables Profitability, Growth Expectations, Risk of Default and Innovation showed negative relationship with long term debt. On the other hand the Size and Tangibility variables showed positive relationship with long term debt. Also saw that the Global Financial Crisis had an effect on these determinants, so that only variables Tangibility, Size, with positive relationship and Profitability, with negative relationship, were important in determining the capital structure in the Global Financial Crisis. The most relevant result of this study was to confirm changes in the behavior of the determinants of capital structure. We also analyzed the shares and debts issues before and during the Global Financial Crisis, which were affected by the economic shock of the moment. The results showed that inferences are more efficient when companies are analyzed for their cash situation or financial constraint. Was raised evidence that the theoretical premises work with restrictions that should be taken into consideration.

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48

Amaral, Layse Ventura Coutinho. "A crise dos jornais impressos e o capital social." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2017. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/177866.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Gestão do Conhecimento, Florianópolis, 2017.
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As transformações observadas nos jornais impressos têm consequências para a sociedade. Embora as pesquisas na área de Jornalismo tenham se dedicado a investigar aspectos econômicos e tecnológicos dessas mudanças, estudos no campo de Capital Social apontaram que as consequências podem se manifestar para além dessas duas dimensões. Por isso, esta dissertação teve como objetivo analisar como a crise dos jornais impressos se relacionava com o capital social. Neste trabalho, utilizou-se o paradigma da complexidade. Portanto, a metodologia foi estabelecida pela religação dos saberes, pelo pensamento dialógico, pelo processo recursivo e pelo princípio hologramático. De forma complementar, a metodologia de pesquisa pode ser definida pela abordagem qualitativa, de resultado teórico, objetivo geral exploratório e delineamento de pesquisa bibliográfica. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de revisão de literatura sistemática integrativa e entrevistas em profundidade com seis especialistas. Já para a análise dos relatos utilizou-se o método de comparação constante. As entrevistas evidenciaram três eixos principais de transformações. Primeiro, as mudanças no produto decorrentes de pressões econômicas, tecnológicas e ideológicas. Essas pressões foram percebidas quanto à queda de receita publicitária, a competição pela notícia imediata com a internet e as alterações nos ideais profissionais. Segundo, as relações com o Estado marcadas pela interdependência entre os dois atores. Por um lado, o Estado se tornou o principal anunciante em muitas publicações. Por outro, o jornal assumiu um papel de mediação que pode tanto promover o capital social quanto controlar o fluxo de informações. Terceiro, as relações de comunicação tradicionais com os leitores podem se tornar mais horizontais, baseadas na mútua influência. Essas transformações pressionam o jornal a ocupar um novo espaço informativo. Para o jornal, esse lugar deverá ser marcado pela análise e curadoria de informações. Para o jornalista, poderá significar maiores especialização e cultura. Para o leitor, poderá se traduzir em maior poder de voz. Como o consumo de jornal foi ligado aos indicadores associados ao capital social, a proposta da formação de comunidades de informação - estruturadas em redes horizontais entre o jornal e os leitores - surge como alternativa para fomentar a cooperação e evitar que a ligação positiva já estabelecida com o capital social seja perdida.

Abstract : The observed transformations seen in printed newspapers have consequences for society. Although researches in the Journalism field have been dedicated to investigate economic and technological aspects of those changes, social capital researchers show that losses go beyond those two dimensions. Thus, this master thesis has the purpose to analyze the relation between the printed newspaper crisis and social capital from the perspective of the Complexity Theory, by the means of a methodology based on the interdisciplinary knowledge and on the principles of dialogical thinking along with recursive process and holographic principle. Furthermore, the research methodology used here can be defined as qualitative approach, pure research, exploratory research and bibliographic approach. Data collection was carried out through integrative review of literature along with in-depth interviews with six specialists, and the analysis method used consisted of constant comparative method. The interview results showed three main lines of transformation. The first one, changes that were identified in the product due to economic, technological and ideological pressures perceived on the advertising revenue drop, on the competition for breaking news with the internet and on the recent changes in journalism values. The second one, the interdependence found between the newspapers and the State, where, on the one hand, the State has become the main advertiser in many publications, and on the other hand, newspapers assumed a mediating role that can either promote social capital or control the flow of information. And the third one, traditional communication with readers that nowadays can be considered tending more to horizontal communication, based on mutual influence. These three transformations have influenced newspapers to occupy a new informative place in society: for the newspapers, it will mean to be permeated by the analysis and content curation. For the journalists, it can mean greater specialization and culture. For the readers, it can be translated into greater voice power. As newspapers consumption has been linked to social capital indicators, the proposal to create information communities - horizontal networks structured around newspapers and readers - appears as an alternative to foster cooperation and prevent the established positive connection between newspapers and social capital from being lost.

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Silva, Emanoela Terceiro. "Homem, natureza e crise ambiental no contexto da crise estrutural do capital: uma leitura a partir da ontologia marxista lukacsiana." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8574.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
Esta dissertaÃÃo consiste num esforÃo compreensivo em torno das questÃes que permeiam a problemÃtica ambiental, inserida na atual forma de reproduÃÃo social â o capitalismo contemporÃneo. Para tanto, fundamentamo-nos no referencial teÃrico marxiano-lukacsiano e recorremos, ainda, Ãs contribuiÃÃes de importantes intelectuais marxistas atentos ao debate ambiental e Ã sua premÃncia no quadro de prioridades do projeto socialista. O objetivo Ã reafirmar a gravidade da atual conjuntura socioambiental e compreender, de forma mais concreta, este nosso patente cenÃrio de crise ambiental, transcendendo Ã aparÃncia dos fenÃmenos, a fim de uma explicaÃÃo coerente, que supere o artificialismo subjetivista e as propostas de resoluÃÃo esvaziadas de conteÃdo e legitimidade, que tentam encontrar soluÃÃes dentro de esferas reformistas tecno-mercadolÃgicas. Nesse Ãnterim, ao mesmo tempo em que o capitalismo transforma-se em green capitalism, presenciamos o agigantamento do complexo militar-industrial, o qual de forma alguma coincide com os interesses da humanidade e da sustentabilidade ambiental, porque aponta, ao fim e ao cabo, sua produÃÃo para fins destrutivos. Buscamos aqui entender quais sÃo os nexos que articulam a atual conjuntura ambiental planetÃria ao sÃcio-metabolismo de reproduÃÃo do capital, com suas diversas fases de ascensÃo e recessÃo, as quais por sua vez conduziram-no a um continuum depressivo, arrastando para o torvelinho de uma crise estrutural as dimensÃes sociais, Ãticas, polÃticas, econÃmicas e ambientais.
This dissertation consists in an effort at understanding the issues that permeate the environmental problem, which is within the current form of social reproduction â the contemporary capitalism. To this end, we ground our work in the Marxian-Lukacsian theoretic references, resorting also to the contributions of important Marxist intellectuals who are attentive to the environmental debate as well as to its urgency in the framework of priorities of the socialist project. Our goal is to reassert the gravity of the current socio-environmental conjuncture and understand in a more concrete way this evident scenario of environmental crisis. We will try to transcend the appearances of the phenomena in order to give a coherent assessment of them. Such an assessment shall surpass all subjectivist artificiality as well as the attempts of resolving the problem which are empty of content and legitimacy and which try to find solutions within the reformist techno-marketing spheres. In the meantime, while capitalism changes into green capitalism, we witness the great enlarging of the industrial-military complex. Such complex does not meet in any way the interests of humanity and of environmental sustainability, for in the end it aims its production for destructive purposes. We seek here to understand the connections that articulate the current planetary environmental conjuncture to the social metabolism of reproduction of the capital. Due to its many phases of rise and recession, the capital reproduction was led to a continuum of depression, dragging the social, ethical, political, economical and environmental dimensions to a swirl of structural crisis.

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Godinho, Jorge A. F. "Do crime de branqueamento de capitais : introducao e tipicidade." Thesis, University of Macau, 1999. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636607.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Capital crime'

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