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Job, Jackï. "Life and Live Art: reflexive comments on interdisciplinary performances in Cape Town." Journal of the Musical Arts in Africa 14, no. 1-2 (July 3, 2017): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/18121004.2017.1410992.
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WATERMAN, JANE M. "Why do male Cape ground squirrels live in groups?" Animal Behaviour 53, no. 4 (April 1997): 809–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0346.
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Santovec, Mary Lou. "Put Away the Cape and Tiara: Superwoman Doesn't Live Here." Women in Higher Education 21, no. 10 (October 2012): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/whe.10384.
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Katrak, Ketu H. "Legacies of Loss and Trauma, Healing and Redemption: Cape Town Live Art Festival." TDR/The Drama Review 63, no. 4 (December 2019): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dram_a_00882.
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Performance, installation, and African-based ritual represent the body as a site of subversion, sexuality, and healing at the 2018 Cape Town Live Art Festival. Provocative performances are located in sites across the city — the Cape Coast Castle (with its 19th-century slave-holding dungeons), a warehouse, a museum, a railway station, and the library.
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Christian, Desiré, and Yusuf Sayed. "Teacher Motivation to Teach in Challenging School Contexts on the Cape Flats, Western Cape, South Africa." Education Sciences 13, no. 2 (February 3, 2023): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci13020165.
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This study emerged from a desire to understand the motivation of teachers to teach in challenging school contexts on the Cape Flats of South Africa where the legacy of apartheid continues to impact the quality of teaching and learning as the communities experience abject poverty, violence, and gang activity and have little regard for schooling, teachers, or education. This qualitative study employed an interpretative paradigm to understand the personal, lived experiences of teachers teaching in three purposively selected primary schools in Manenberg on the Cape Flats. The participants agreed to at least one semi-structured interview with follow-up questions for clarity if required. The findings suggest that the motivation of the teachers to teach at schools in a marginalised community is positively linked to the relationships they develop with their teacher community and the students and their families. If these relationships are positive, teachers are able to live out their beliefs and remain committed to the school community, which increases their perceived levels of self-efficacy and therefore their motivation to teach in the Manenberg area. Where they have support from the larger school community, their motivation is further enhanced. This motivation can be applied to countries with marginalised communities, particularly countries in the global south.
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Fick, Sarah. "Airbnb in the City of Cape Town: How could the Regulation of Short-Term Rental in Cape Town affect Human Rights?" Stellenbosch Law Review 2021, no. 3 (2021): 455–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/slr/2021/i3a5.
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Short-term home rental in Cape Town, like Airbnb, may create tension between the interests of several affected parties. To cater for the interests of these affected parties, the state may choose to regulate the short-term rental housing market. Whichever regulatory route it will take, the state should take into account the interests of those affected. More importantly, it must consider how its regulations may affect the human rights of these interested parties. This contribution considers the way in which regulation may affect the human rights of those parties identified as (arguably) the primary parties affected by Airbnb. These are the property rights of the property owners wanting to place their properties on Airbnb and the housing rights of those wanting to live in the city. Considering how these regulations may affect the rights of these interested parties can guide lawmakers (both local – with a focus on the City of Cape Town – and national) when drafting regulations to ensure that they comply with their duty to respect, protect, promote and fulfil the rights in the Bill of Rights.
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Silver, Carole G. "VICTORIANS LIVE: Images of Empire: Art and Artifacts in Cape Town, South Africa." Victorian Literature and Culture 34, no. 1 (March 2006): 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150306211197.
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CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA–eclectic, vibrant, and heterogeneous–still bears the marks of its past as a site of Victoria's empire. The city abounds in English Victorian artifacts: buildings, statues, fountains, streets and their names (even to Victoria Street and Rhodes Drive) are all reminders of the period, but one wonders what, if anything, they mean to the people who live with them. Some recognize them as a legacy–pleasant or unpleasant– of the days when the Cape was a British colony; to others they are symbols whose context has been forgotten, to yet others, they are simply objects devoid of extrinsic meaning. All are, however, artifacts of imperialism, in its broader sense of the social, political, economic, and cultural domination of one group over all others.
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Jorissen, F. J., I. Wittling, J. P. Peypouquet, C. Rabouille, and J. C. Relexans. "Live benthic foraminiferal faunas off Cape Blanc, NW-Africa: Community structure and microhabitats." Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 45, no. 12 (December 1998): 2157–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-0637(98)00056-9.
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van Sittert, Lance. "'To live this poor life': Remembering the Hottentots Huisie squatter fishery, Cape Town, c.1934-c.1965." Social History 26, no. 1 (January 2001): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071020010004390.
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Nieuwoudt, Liesl, Cheryl Anne Mackay, and Siyazi Mda. "Causes of and Modifiable Factors Contributing to Neonatal Deaths at Dora Nginza Hospital in the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Global Pediatric Health 9 (January 2022): 2333794X2211394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333794x221139413.
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Dora Nginza Hospital (DNH) has a neonatal mortality rate higher than global and national averages. In 2015 to 2016 the neonatal mortality rate in South Africa was 18.1/1000 live births compared with 31.3/1000 live births at DNH. A retrospective study was conducted including neonates less than 28 days of life with a birth weight ≥500 g that demised in DNH neonatal unit. The NMR for the study period was 17.7/1000 live births. There were 101 (70.6%) early and 42 (29.4%) late neonatal deaths. Causes of death included infection (n = 47; 32.9%), immaturity-related (n = 42; 29.4%), congenital abnormalities (n = 26; 18.2%), hypoxia (n = 24; 16.8%) and other (n = 4; 2.8%). There were significant associations between cause of death and administrative-related factors ( P < .01), health-personnel related factors ( P < .001) and patient-related factors ( P = .01). Key strategies to be implemented include improving infection prevention and control, appropriate resource allocation, improved attendance and quality of antenatal care, ongoing skills training, and interventions to maintain normothermia.
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Ren, Changjie, Peiran Zhou, Mingliang Zhang, Zihao Yu, Xiaomin Zhang, Joyce Tombran-Tink, Colin J. Barnstable, and Xiaorong Li. "Molecular Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress Relief by CAPE in ARPE−19 Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 4 (February 10, 2023): 3565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043565.
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Caffeic acid phenylethyl ester (CAPE) is an antioxidative agent originally derived from propolis. Oxidative stress is a significant pathogenic factor in most retinal diseases. Our previous study revealed that CAPE suppresses mitochondrial ROS production in ARPE−19 cells by regulating UCP2. The present study explores the ability of CAPE to provide longer-term protection to RPE cells and the underlying signal pathways involved. ARPE−19 cells were given CAPE pretreatment followed by t-BHP stimulation. We used in situ live cell staining with CellROX and MitoSOX to measure ROS accumulation; Annexin V-FITC/PI assay to evaluate cell apoptosis; ZO−1 immunostaining to observe tight junction integrity in the cells; RNA-seq to analyze changes in gene expression; q-PCR to validate the RNA-seq data; and Western Blot to examine MAPK signal pathway activation. CAPE significantly reduced both cellular and mitochondria ROS overproduction, restored the loss of ZO−1 expression, and inhibited apoptosis induced by t-BHP stimulation. We also demonstrated that CAPE reverses the overexpression of immediate early genes (IEGs) and activation of the p38-MAPK/CREB signal pathway. Either genetic or chemical deletion of UCP2 largely abolished the protective effects of CAPE. CAPE restrained ROS generation and preserved the tight junction structure of ARPE−19 cells against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. These effects were mediated via UCP2 regulation of p38/MAPK-CREB-IEGs pathway.
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Numanoglu, Alp, and Andre Theron. "Birth Prevalence of Anorectal Malformations for the Western Cape Province, South Africa, 2005 to 2012." European Journal of Pediatric Surgery 27, no. 05 (January 12, 2017): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1597945.
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Introduction Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are a major birth anomaly worldwide. South Africa has ethnically and geologically diverse populations. A recent publication indicated an increased birth prevalence of ARMs in the Witwatersrand referral area between 2005 and 2010. The purpose of this study was to determine the birth prevalence of ARM and its various subtypes in the Western Cape referral district over an 8-year period. Methods For an 8-year period from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2012; retrospective data were collected from the Pediatric Surgical Departments of Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Tygerberg Children's Hospital, as well as the private sector health registries. The number of live births per year for a specific municipal district was obtained from the National Department of Health. The chi-square for trend test was used to determine statistical significance. Results The birth prevalence for ARM in the Western Cape Province (WCP) in 2012 was shown to be 1:5,572 live births (1.79/10,000 live births). The West Coast municipality district had the highest average birth prevalence rate of 1:3,063 (3.26/10,000) live births for years studied. There was a male predominance (1.6:1), the most common ARM was the vestibular fistula (19.2%) and in 26% of the patients, there was an initial delay in the diagnosis. Conclusion This study has provided some recent data for ARMs for the WCP. There was no statistical significant change in the prevalence of ARMs over the 8-year period for the WCP as well as in any of the individual six municipal health districts (χ2 for trend, p = 0.52). The number of delayed diagnosis of ARM is of concern.
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Grémillet, David, Lorien Pichegru, Grégoire Kuntz, Anthony G. Woakes, Sarah Wilkinson, Robert J. M. Crawford, and Peter G. Ryan. "A junk-food hypothesis for gannets feeding on fishery waste." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 275, no. 1639 (February 12, 2008): 1149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2007.1763.
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Worldwide fisheries generate large volumes of fishery waste and it is often assumed that this additional food is beneficial to populations of marine top-predators. We challenge this concept via a detailed study of foraging Cape gannets Morus capensis and of their feeding environment in the Benguela upwelling zone. The natural prey of Cape gannets (pelagic fishes) is depleted and birds now feed extensively on fishery wastes. These are beneficial to non-breeding birds, which show reduced feeding effort and high survival. By contrast, breeding gannets double their diving effort in an attempt to provision their chicks predominantly with high-quality, live pelagic fishes. Owing to a scarcity of this resource, they fail and most chicks die. Our study supports the junk-food hypothesis for Cape gannets since it shows that non-breeding birds can survive when complementing their diet with fishery wastes, but that they struggle to reproduce if live prey is scarce. This is due to the negative impact of low-quality fishery wastes on the growth patterns of gannet chicks. Marine management policies should not assume that fishery waste is generally beneficial to scavenging seabirds and that an abundance of this artificial resource will automatically inflate their populations.
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Hall, Suzanne, Henrietta Nyamnjoh, and Liza Rose Cirolia. "Apportioned city: Gendered delineations of asylum, work and violence in Cape Town." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 40, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02637758211048199.
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This paper addresses what it means to live with acutely restricted access to the city in the process of seeking urban asylum in post-apartheid South Africa. Our concept of apportionment specifies the gendered and racialised diminishment of space and time in the context of exclusionary and everyday violence. We focus on how the delineation and reduction of space and time is feminised, through the working lives of refugee and asylum-seeking women from the Democratic Republic of the Congo who live in Cape Town. Their embodied experiences incorporate the resonance of war in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, further sharpening their careful movements across Cape Town’s segregated geographies. Drawing on our conversations with non-governmental organisations and self-employed women over a nine-month period in 2020, we highlight how the deferral of refuge compounds precarity, significantly affecting women and those who are sexually minoritised. In connecting how state apportionment maps onto urban apportionment we reveal how an ecology of violence – of spatialised segregation, xenophobia and sexual violence – establishes a corporeal power that constrains access to the city. Crucially, these women deploy counter practices of apportionment and their precisely attuned navigations add to our understanding of the agile repertoires of working the city.
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Abdallah, Fatma Ben, Hamadi Fetoui, Nassira Zribi, Feiza Fakhfakh, and Leila Keskes. "Protective role of caffeic acid on lambda cyhalothrin-induced changes in sperm characteristics and testicular oxidative damage in rats." Toxicology and Industrial Health 28, no. 7 (October 24, 2011): 639–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233711420470.
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The synthetic pyrethroids are expected to cause deleterious effects on most of the organs and especially on the male reproductive system. The current study was performed to assess the adverse effect of lambda cyhalothrin (LC) on reproductive organs and fertility in male rats and to evaluate the protective role of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in alleviating the detrimental effect of LC on male fertility. A total of 48 male rats were divided into 4 groups (12 rats each): control group received distilled water ad libitum and 1 ml of vehicle solution given intraperitoneally (i.p.); CAPE-treated group received a single i.p. dose of CAPE (10 μmol kg−1 day−1); LC-treated group received 668 ppm of LC through drinking water; and CAPE + LC-treated group received an i.p. injection of CAPE (10 μmol kg−1 day−1) 12 h before the LC administration. The experiment was conducted for 10 consecutive weeks. LC caused a significant increase in testicular malondialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione- S-transferase activities, and sperm abnormalities and a significant reduction in testicular glutathione concentration, sperm count, sperm motility, and a live sperm percentage. Conversely, treatment with CAPE improved the reduction in the sperm characteristics, LC-induced oxidative damage of testes and the testicular histopathological alterations. Results indicate that LC exerts significant harmful effects on the male reproductive system and that CAPE reduced the deleterious effects of LC on male fertility.
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Ali, Fajri Nurul, Ari B. Rondonuwu, Silvester B. Pratasik, Adnan S. Wantasen, Nego E. Bataragoa, and Janny D. Kusen. "Composition and Condition Of Coral Reefs In Dudepo Cape, South Bolaang Mongondow Regency, North Sulawesi." Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX 10, no. 1 (April 15, 2022): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.v10i1.38203.
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This study aims to determine the composition and condition of coral reefs in Dudepo Cape, South Bolaang Mongondow Regency. The method used is Line Intercept Transect (LIT). Data were collected by SCUBA diving at 3 meters and 10 meters depths. In 3 meters depth was found biotic components such as Acropora and non-Acropora with 6 growth forms, and five other biotic components, while abiotic components were only found in coral rubbles (R). In 10 meter depth was found biotic components live coral with 7 growth forms, and five other biotic components, while the abiotic components as sand and coral rubbles. In two depths, the coral reef component dominant were Acropora digitate (ACD) and Acropora branching (ACB). The condition of coral reefs at 3-meter depth and 10 meters were “Fair” with the percent cover of live corals being 35.59% and 37.30%.Keywords: Coral; Coral Reef; ConditionAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi dan kondisi terumbu karang di Tanjung Dudepo Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Line Intercept Transect (LIT). Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan penyelaman SCUBA pada kedalaman 3 meter dan 10 meter. Pada kedalaman 3 meter ditemukan komponen biotik berupa karang hidup acropora dan non-acropora dengan 6 bentuk pertumbuhan, dan 5 komponen biotik lainnya, sedangkan komponen abiotik hanya ditemukan berupa pecahan karang. Pada kedalaman 10 meter ditemukan komponen biotik berupa karang hidup dengan 7 bentuk pertumbuhan, dan 5 komponen biotik lainnya, sedangkan komponen abiotik berupa pasir dan pecahan karang. Pada dua kedalaman, bentuk pertumbuhan yang mendominasi yaitu acropora digitate dan acropora branching. Kondisi terumbu karang pada lokasi penelitian khususnya pada kedalaman 3 meter dan 10 meter yaitu berada pada kategori cukup dengan persentase tutupan sebesar 35,59% dan 37,30%. Kata kunci: Karang; Terumbu Karang; Kondisi.
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Olson, Storrs L. "Bald Eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus, Preying on Maritime Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis pallidulus, on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia." Canadian Field-Naturalist 120, no. 4 (October 1, 2006): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v120i4.359.
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At 1053 hours on 23 July 2006 a Bald Eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus, was observed in flight transporting in its talons a live Maritime Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis pallidulus, at South Harbour (46°52'01.7"N, 60°26'45.8"W), Cape Breton Island, Victoria County, Nova Scotia.
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Jorissen, Frans J., and Ingrid Wittling. "Ecological evidence from live–dead comparisons of benthic foraminiferal faunas off Cape Blanc (Northwest Africa)." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 149, no. 1-4 (June 1999): 151–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-0182(98)00198-9.
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Power, T. D., R. P. Cameron, T. Neily, and B. Toms. "Forest structure and site conditions of boreal felt lichen (Erioderma pedicellatum) habitat in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada." Botany 96, no. 7 (July 2018): 449–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2017-0209.
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Boreal felt lichen [Erioderma pedicellatum (Hue) P.M. Jorg. (1972)] occurs on mainland Nova Scotia as well as Cape Breton, growing almost entirely on balsam fir [Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.] in wet coastal forests. A Geographical Information System (GIS) based predictive model for E. pedicellatum habitat in Nova Scotia has facilitated surveys and guided conservation. We used this model to examine the relationship between presence of E. pedicellatum and forest structure (tree DBH, height, age, and crown closure, inter-tree distance, basal area of live and dead trees, and percent cover of shrubs, herbs, Sphagnum spp., and other mosses), and site conditions (topographic position, slope, aspect, and drainage) as well as the presence of lichen indicator species. Erioderma pedicellatum sites had significantly older trees, higher density of live trees, lower crown closure, lower basal area of live Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb., lower basal area of live trees, higher basal area of dead trees, higher Sphagnum spp. cover, and lower shrub cover than unoccupied habitat. Erioderma pedicellatum sites were significantly less well drained and occurred on steeper slopes with a north or east aspect. Four macrolichens (Coccocarpia palmicola, Platismatia norvegica, Lobaria scrobiculata, and Sphaerophorus globosus) occurred at a significantly higher frequency at E. pedicellatum sites.
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Kim, Paulus Jinu. "The Role of Christians in The Correlation between The Notion of Lex Orandi, Lex Credendi, Lex Vivendi and The Commitment of Cape Town." Evangelikal: Jurnal Teologi Injili dan Pembinaan Warga Jemaat 6, no. 2 (July 31, 2022): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.46445/ejti.v6i2.490.
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Lex orandi, lex credendi, lex vivendi is conventional concepts of the Christian life, but those are still relevant to solve problems of modern society. The interconnectedness of worship (lex orandi), theology (lex credendi), life (lex vivendi) is emphasized in the Christian sphere. Nevertheless, God's mission as the role of Christians was not highlighted in their relationship. The Commitment of Cape Town strongly stresses that Christians accomplishes God's mission with holistic ways in domains of gospel, world, church. In this study, the notion of lex orandi, lex credendi, lex vivendi will be explained about relationship and interaction. Then the Commitment of Cape Town will be analyzed in detail in connection with lex orandi, lex credendi, lex vivendi. The researcher uses the literature review method with answer to one question, that is ‘what is the true role of Christians in the world?’ The result of this study concluded that when Christians stand before God holistically in the notion of lex orandi, lex credendi, and lex vivendi, Christians can live by accomplishing God's mission in the church, with gospel, and into the world.
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Berjak, Patricia, Daphne Osborne, and Norman Pammenter. "2nd International Workshop on Desiccation-Tolerance and -Sensitivity of Seeds and Vegetative Plant Tissues." Seed Science Research 7, no. 2 (June 1997): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500003408.
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AbstractHow some plant cells can survive a period of desiccation to live again when other cells will die, was the theme of the recent Workshop in the mountain retreat of Franschhoek, near Cape Town, South Africa. Sixty-two biochemists and cell physiologists from around the world assembled to discuss these problems for the second time in three years.
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Msweli, Samukelisiwe T., Alastair J. Potts, Herve Fritz, and Tineke Kraaij. "Fire weather effects on flammability of indigenous and invasive alien plants in coastal fynbos and thicket shrublands (Cape Floristic Region)." PeerJ 8 (November 11, 2020): e10161. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10161.
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Background Globally, and in the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa, extreme fires have become more common in recent years. Such fires pose societal and ecological threats and have inter alia been attributed to climate change and modification of fuels due to alien plant invasions. Understanding the flammability of different types of indigenous and invasive alien vegetation is essential to develop fire risk prevention and mitigation strategies. We assessed the flammability of 30 species of indigenous and invasive alien plants commonly occurring in coastal fynbos and thicket shrublands in relation to varying fire weather conditions. Methods Fresh plant shoots were sampled and burnt experimentally across diverse fire weather conditions to measure flammability in relation to fire weather conditions, live fuel moisture, fuel load and vegetation grouping (fynbos, thicket and invasive alien plants). Flammability measures considered were: burn intensity, completeness of burn, time-to-ignition, and the likelihood of spontaneous ignition. We also investigated whether the drying of plant shoots (simulating drought conditions) differentially affected the flammability of vegetation groups. Results Fire weather conditions enhanced all measures of flammability, whereas live fuel moisture reduced burn intensity and completeness of burn. Live fuel moisture was not significantly correlated with fire weather, suggesting that the mechanism through which fire weather enhances flammability is not live fuel moisture. It furthermore implies that the importance of live fuel moisture for flammability of evergreen shrublands rests on inter-specific and inter-vegetation type differences in fuel moisture, rather than short-term intra-specific fluctuation in live fuel moisture in response to weather conditions. Fuel load significantly increased burn intensity, while reducing ignitability. Although fire weather, live fuel moisture, and fuel load had significant effects on flammability measures, vegetation and species differences accounted for most of the variation. Flammability was generally highest in invasive alien plants, intermediate in fynbos, and lowest in thicket. Fynbos ignited rapidly and burnt completely, whereas thicket was slow to ignite and burnt incompletely. Invasive alien plants were slow to ignite, but burnt with the highest intensity, potentially due to volatile organic composition. The drying of samples resulted in increases in all measures of flammability that were comparable among vegetation groups. Flammability, and by implication fire risk, should thus not increase disproportionately in one vegetation group compared to another under drought conditions—unless the production of dead fuels is disproportionate among vegetation groups. Thus, we suggest that the dead:live fuel ratio is a potentially useful indicator of flammability of evergreen shrublands and that proxies for this ratio need to be investigated for incorporation into fire danger indices.
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Palmer, Fileve T. "Racialism and Representation in the Rainbow Nation." SAGE Open 6, no. 4 (October 2016): 215824401667387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244016673873.
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Despite a commitment to non-racialism in the South African Constitution and anthropology’s steadfast position that race is a social construction, race is still a highly valued ideology with real-life implications for citizens. In South Africa, racialism particularly affects heterogeneous, multigenerational, multiethnic creole people known as “Coloureds.” The larger category of Coloured is often essentialized based on its intermediary status between Black and White and its relationship to South Africa’s “mother city” (Cape Town, where the majority of Coloured people live). Through research on Coloured identity in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, I show how the nuances of personal and collective histories, spatial constraints, and education affect the identities of youth and elders differently from their Cape counterparts. By incorporating a photo-voice methodology, which I called Photo Ethnography Project (PEP), participants produced their own visual materials and challenged essentialized versions of themselves (specifically) and South Africa (in general). Through three public displays of photography and narratives, youth in three communities answered the question of what it means to be Coloured in today’s rainbow nation.
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Hille, Sabine M., and Nigel J. Collar. "Status assessment of raptors in Cape Verde confirms a major crisis for scavengers." Oryx 45, no. 2 (April 2011): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605310000682.
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AbstractScavenging raptors have been postulated to be declining at a rate far higher than predatory raptors. To test this hypothesis we reviewed the historical and present status of the seven raptor species—three scavengers (two kites and a vulture), one partial scavenger (a buzzard) and three species (osprey and two falcons) that take live prey—that breed on the Cape Verde islands. Scavenging raptors have experienced steeper declines and more local extinctions than non-scavengers in Cape Verde, with the partial scavenger midway between the two groups. Causes of scavenger decline include incidental poisoning, direct persecution and declines in the availability of carcasses and other detritus. These findings, which highlight the conservation importance of the island of Santo Antão, indicate the priority that needs to be accorded to scavengers, particularly in Europe where many insular populations are reaching unsustainable levels.
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T. Metula, Nolukhanyo, and Oluyinka O. Osunkunle. "Framing by South African Local Newspapers on Food Security, Community Participation, Empowerment and Mobilization: The Study of Eastern Cape Local Web Newspapers." Journal of African Films & Diaspora Studies 4, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2516-2713/2021/4n2a3.
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This paper evaluates how local newspapers frame food security to ensure participation, empowerment, and community mobilization for food securing purposes. The focus is on the web versions of local newspapers in Eastern Cape, South Africa. A qualitative content analysis was used to evaluate the selected local web-based newspapers' content on food security-related stories within July-December 2016. The sample was drawn from two selected local web newspapers: Herald Live and The Talk of the Town. The findings revealed that local newspapers‘ framing of increased agricultural production, local farming, land redistribution, and government‘s financial support help to empower and mobilize individuals and communities to participate in food security initiatives. This paper concludes that local newspapers can be veritable tools to enhance food security channels in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.
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BILTON, DAVID T. "A revision of the South African riffle beetle genus Leielmis Delève, 1964 (Coleoptera: Elmidae)." Zootaxa 4254, no. 2 (April 12, 2017): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4254.2.6.
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The riffle beetle genus Leielmis Delève, 1964 is redescribed and shown to contain three species, all of which are apparently endemic to the South African Cape, where they live in permanent mountain streams with cold running water. A lectotype is designated for Helmis georyssoides Grouvelle, 1890, and two additional species (L. gibbosus sp. nov. and L. hirsutus sp. nov.) are described for the first time. Following study of the type series, L. georyssoides is shown to be endemic to Table Mountain; most specimens previously assigned to this taxon representing an additional species (L. gibbosus sp. nov.), widespread in the interior Cape Fold Mountains. The record of Leielmis from Angola is considered highly doubtful. Comparative notes and a key are provided to allow the identification of known species of the genus.
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Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi, Zemenu Tadesse Tessema, Joshua Okyere, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, and Abdul-Aziz Seidu. "Spatial distribution and predictors of lifetime experience of intimate partner violence among women in South Africa." PLOS Global Public Health 3, no. 1 (January 24, 2023): e0000920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000920.
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In recent times, intimate partner has gained significant attention. However, there is limited evidence on the spatial distribution and predictors of intimate partner violence. Therefore, this study examined the spatial distribution and predictors of intimate partner violence in South Africa. The dataset for this study was obtained from a cross-sectional survey of the 2016 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey. We adopted both spatial and multilevel analyses to show the distribution and predictors of intimate partner violence among 2,410 women of reproductive age who had ever experienced intimate partner violence in their lifetime in South Africa. The spatial distribution of intimate partner violence in South Africa ranged from 0 to 100 percent. Western Cape, Free State, and Eastern Cape were predicted areas that showed a high proportion of intimate partner violence in South Africa. The likelihood of experiencing intimate partner violence among women in South Africa was high among those who were cohabiting [aOR = 1.41; 95%(CI = 1.10–1.81)] and women who were previously married [aOR = 2.09; 95%(CI = 1.30–3.36)], compared to women who were currently married. Women who lived in households with middle [aOR = 0.67; 95%(CI = 0.48–0.95)] and richest wealth index [aOR = 0.57; 95%(CI = 0.34–0.97)] were less likely to experience lifetime intimate partner violence compared to those of the poorest wealth index. The study concludes that there is a regional variation in the distribution of intimate partner violence in South Africa. A high prevalence of intimate partner violence was found among women who live in the Western Cape, Free State, and Eastern Cape. Furthermore, predictors such as women within the poorest wealth index, women who were cohabiting and those who were previously married should be considered in the development and implementation of interventions against intimate partner violence in South Africa.
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Van der Merwe, Andre, and C. F. Heyns. "Retroperitoneoscopic live donor nephrectomy: Review of the first 50 cases at Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa." South African Journal of Surgery 52, no. 2 (June 6, 2014): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/sajs.2080.
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BILTON, DAVID T. "A new species of Protozantaena Perkins, 1997 from the Great Escarpment of South Africa (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae)." Zootaxa 5125, no. 1 (April 7, 2022): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5125.1.6.
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Protozantaena birdi sp. nov. is described, based on specimens collected from the Compassberg and Winterberg ranges in the Eastern Cape Great Escarpment, South Africa; the seventh known species of the genus. Morphologically, the new species appears closely related to P. labrata Perkins, 1997, described from the Naukluft Range in the Central Namibian Great Escarpment. Both species live in the margins of small streams in open, semi-arid landscapes.
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Kraaij, Tineke, Samukelisiwe T. Msweli, and Alastair J. Potts. "Fuel trait effects on flammability of native and invasive alien shrubs in coastal fynbos and thicket (Cape Floristic Region)." PeerJ 10 (July 28, 2022): e13765. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13765.
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In June 2017, extreme fires along the southern Cape coast of South Africa burnt native fynbos and thicket vegetation and caused extensive damage to plantations and residential properties. Invasive alien plants (IAPs) occur commonly in the area and were thought to have changed the behaviour of these fires through their modification of fuel properties relative to that of native vegetation. This study experimentally compared various measures of flammability across groups of native and alien invasive shrub species in relation to their fuel traits. Live plant shoots of 30 species (10 species each of native fynbos, native thicket, and IAPs) were sampled to measure live fuel moisture, dry biomass, fuel bed porosity and the proportions of fine-, coarse- and dead fuels. These shoots were burnt experimentally, and flammability measured in terms of maximum temperature (combustibility), completeness of burn (consumability), and time-to-ignition (ignitability). Multiple regression models were used to assess the relationships between flammability responses and fuel traits, while the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to establish if differences existed in flammability measures and fuel traits among the vegetation groups. Dry biomass significantly enhanced, while live fuel moisture significantly reduced, maximum temperature, whereas the proportion of fine fuels significantly increased completeness of burn. Unlike other similar studies, the proportion of dead fuels and fuel bed porosity were not retained by any of the models to account for variation in flammability. Species of fynbos and IAPs generally exhibited greater flammability in the form of higher completeness of burn and more rapid ignition than species of thicket. Little distinction in flammability and fuel traits could be made between species of fynbos and IAPs, except that fynbos species had a greater proportion of fine fuels. Thicket species had higher proportions of coarse fuels and greater dry biomass (~fuel loading) than species of fynbos and IAPs. Live fuel moisture did not differ among the vegetation groups, contrary to the literature often ascribing variation in flammability to fuel moisture differences. The fuel traits investigated only explained 21–53% of the variation in flammability and large variation was evident among species within vegetation groups suggesting that species-specific and in situ community-level investigations are warranted, particularly in regard fuel moisture and chemical contents.
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Babu, Dr T. Ramesh. "How Beautiful! If I Get Back My Childhood Days!" SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 8, no. 1 (January 28, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v8i1.10360.
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In the present poetry the poet speaks about the days which were gone in 1980s those are the beautiful days and how one could live like a butterfly, playing very freely without bothering about time, whether it is day or night, boy or girl, caste or religion ignoring all these one could live amicably with everyone. In those days one could reach schools by bullock carts or cape carts and few on foot from far places with barefoot. In 1980s one could play in the rain with paper boats and making toys with clay and playing with all these toys. In those days one wouldn’t have any kind of attracted gadgets like smart phones or tabs, electronic gadgets so, one could enjoy freely without any hurdles. Here,the poet has expressed, how one could enjoyed during the summer at grand mother’s home and what kind of games were played, how one could chase the wild rabbits and bores during the summer days at orange grove and what kind of drinks were taken to quench thirst at chasing time and so on. In those days one could pray for the God for others too because people were very affectionated and lovable. That is why, the poet wishes to get back those beautiful childhood days once again. Because the present generation does not have all the above said things and it is like a mechanical or robotic life what they have been having.
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Lesch, Elmien, and Rozanne Casper. "‘Drinking with respect’: Drinking constructions of men who live in a Cape Winelands farm community in South Africa." Journal of Health Psychology 22, no. 4 (July 11, 2016): 409–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105315603476.
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This article aims to provide a community-specific understanding of a subgroup of South African men who exhibit particularly high rates of hazardous alcohol consumption. Adopting a social constructionist framework, we interviewed 13 Cape Winelands men who lived on farms to explore their drinking constructions. We present three themes that shed light on problematic drinking in this group: (1) the notion of weekend binge-drinking as ‘respectable’ drinking, (2) drinking as shared activity that fulfils various psycho-social needs and (3) a sense of powerlessness to affect their own or their children’s alcohol consumption. These findings are viewed against a specific socio-historical backdrop.
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Madlala, Hlengiwe P., Landon Myer, Thokozile R. Malaba, and Marie-Louise Newell. "Neurodevelopment of HIV-exposed uninfected children in Cape Town, South Africa." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (November 18, 2020): e0242244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242244.
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Background Evidence shows that antiretroviral (ART) exposure is associated with neurodevelopmental delays in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed uninfected (HEU) children. However, there are few insights into modifiable maternal and child factors that may play a role in improving neurodevelopment in HEU children. We used a parent-centric neurodevelopment tool, Ages & Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) to examined neurodevelopment in HEU children at 12–24 months of age, and associations with maternal and child factors. Methods 505 HIV-infected women (initiated ART pre- or during pregnancy) with live singleton births attending primary health care were enrolled; 355 of their HEU children were assessed for neurodevelopment (gross motor, fine motor, communication, problem solving and personal-social domains) at 12–24 months using age-specific ASQ administered by a trained fieldworker. Associations with maternal and child factors were examined using logistic regression models. Results Among mothers (median age 30 years, IQR, 26–34), 52% initiated ART during pregnancy; the median CD4 count was 436 cells/μl (IQR, 305–604). Most delayed neurodevelopment in HEU children was in gross (9%) and fine motor (5%) functions. In adjusted models, maternal socio-economic status (aOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.24–0.76) was associated with reduced odds of delayed gross-fine motor neurodevelopment. Maternal age ≥35 years (aOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.05–0.89) and maternal body mass index (BMI) <18.5 (aOR 6.76, 95% CI 1.06–43.13) were associated with delayed communication-problem-solving-personal-social neurodevelopment. There were no differences in odds for either domain by maternal ART initiation timing. Conclusions Delayed neurodevelopment was detected in both gross and fine motor functions in this cohort of HEU children, with strong maternal predictors that may be explored as potentially modifiable factors associated with neurodevelopment at one to two years of age.
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Ávila, Sérgio P., Jeroen Goud, and António M. de Frias Martins. "Patterns of Diversity of the Rissoidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean Region." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/164890.
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The geographical distribution of the Rissoidae in the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea was compiled and is up-to-date until July 2011. All species were classified according to their mode of larval development (planktotrophic and nonplanktotrophic), and bathymetrical zonation (shallow species—those living between the intertidal and 50 m depth, and deep species—those usually living below 50 m depth). 542 species of Rissoidae are presently reported to the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, belonging to 33 genera. The Mediterranean Sea is the most diverse site, followed by Canary Islands, Caribbean, Portugal, and Cape Verde. The Mediterranean and Cape Verde Islands are the sites with higher numbers of endemic species, with predominance ofAlvaniaspp. in the first site, and ofAlvaniaandSchwartziellaat Cape Verde. In spite of the large number of rissoids at Madeira archipelago, a large number of species are shared with Canaries, Selvagens, and the Azores, thus only about 8% are endemic to the Madeira archipelago. Most of the 542-rissoid species that live in the Atlantic and in the Mediterranean are shallow species (323), 110 are considered as deep species, and 23 species are reported in both shallow and deep waters. There is a predominance of nonplanktotrophs in islands, seamounts, and at high and medium latitudes. This pattern is particularly evident in the generaCrisilla, Manzonia, Onoba, Porosalvania, Schwartziella, andSetia. Planktotrophic species are more abundant in the eastern Atlantic and in the Mediterranean Sea. The results of the analysis of the probable directions of faunal flows support the patterns found by both the Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity and the geographical distribution. Four main source areas for rissoids emerge: Mediterranean, Caribbean, Canaries/Madeira archipelagos, and the Cape Verde archipelago. We must stress the high percentage of endemics that occurs in the isolated islands of Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha, Cape Verde archipelago and also the Azores, thus reinforcing the legislative protective actions that the local governments have implemented in these islands during the recent years.
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Rencken, Camerin A., Abigail D. Harrison, Bulelwa Mtukushe, Scarlett Bergam, Ariana Pather, Rebecca Sher, Bianca J. Davidson, et al. "“Those People Motivate and Inspire Me to Take My Treatment.” Peer Support for Adolescents Living With HIV in Cape Town, South Africa." Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) 20 (January 1, 2021): 232595822110005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259582211000525.
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Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and psychosocial support to manage stigma and disclosure is essential for adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV). Peer support groups can help ALHIV and their families live successfully with HIV. This qualitative study aimed to examine adolescent and caregiver perspectives on peer support groups. Three themes emerged: (1) peer support encouraged adherence to ART, (2) serostatus disclosure outside the family was perceived as difficult, and (3) the peer support group fostered fundamental and meaningful peer relationships for ALHIV. Caregivers felt peer support groups increased self-acceptance and adherence for ALHIV across 3 domains: (1) as motivation for families and adolescents, (2) to increase adolescent independence and maturity, and (3) to help adolescents accept their HIV status and live successfully with HIV. These data highlight the importance of psychosocial support groups for ALHIV and caregivers, illustrating the benefits of a safe space with trusted relationships and open communication.
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Lindegaard, Marie Rosenkrantz, and Francisca Zimmermann. "Flexible cultural repertoires: Young men avoiding offending and victimization in township areas of Cape Town." Ethnography 18, no. 2 (October 21, 2016): 193–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1466138116673379.
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Despite extensive studies of street culture and the risks of offending and victimization in urban marginalized areas, little is known about the role of cultural repertoires for variation in victimization risks among young men not involved in crime. Based on two ethnographic studies, conducted independently of the authors in neighbouring township areas of Cape Town, we offer insights into patterns of victimization among young men not involved in crime who live and attend school in the townships. Young men who perform decent cultural repertoires are highly exposed to victimization due to their moral rejection of crime-involved youth. Young men who perform flexible cultural repertoires, by incorporating and shifting between gang and decent repertoires, experience low victimization due to their adaptation to crime-involved youth. Findings emphasize the importance of detailed investigations of the way varying cultural repertoires, in particularly heterogeneous flexible repertoires, influence offending and victimization patterns among young men in high-risk settings.
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Veldsman, Stephan. "Description of four new Nataliamarginella and one Punctamarginella species (Marginellidae: Marginella), from the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Festivus 53, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 210–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54173/f533210.
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Five new species in the genus Marginella from the Eastern Cape, South Africa are described. Four species in the subgenus Nataliamarginella S.G. Veldsman, 2017: M. (N.) mbasheensis n. sp., M. (N.) mlambomkuluensis n. sp., M. (N.) mtataensis n. sp., and M. (N.) muratovi n. sp.; and one species in the subgenus Punctamarginella S.G.Veldsman, 2017 M. (P.) transovula n. sp. The new species are compared to their closest congeners within their respective subgenus with regards to their shell morphological features and locality. The species described here are all found deep water (50-550 m) along the central-northern Eastern Cape, between the Great Kei River (50 km north of East London) and Mbotyi (25 km north of Port St. Johns), South Africa, a portion of the 34 6region previously known as Transkei. Most of the closest congeners regarding shell morphology are found in KwaZulu-Natal at least 70 km north-east and further, with a region previously named Pondoland separating them. Very few Marginella species are adapted to live in the specific habitat of the Pondoland region.
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Miao, Yufan, Reinhard Koenig, Katja Knecht, Kateryna Konieva, Peter Buš, and Mei-Chih Chang. "Computational urban design prototyping: Interactive planning synthesis methods—a case study in Cape Town." International Journal of Architectural Computing 16, no. 3 (September 2018): 212–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478077118798395.
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This article is motivated by the fact that in Cape Town, South Africa, approximately 7.5 million people live in informal settlements and focuses on potential upgrading strategies for such sites. To this end, we developed a computational method for rapid urban design prototyping. The corresponding planning tool generates urban layouts including street network, blocks, parcels and buildings based on an urban designer’s specific requirements. It can be used to scale and replicate a developed urban planning concept to fit different sites. To facilitate the layout generation process computationally, we developed a new data structure to represent street networks, land parcellation, and the relationship between the two. We also introduced a nested parcellation strategy to reduce the number of irregular shapes generated due to algorithmic limitations. Network analysis methods are applied to control the distribution of buildings in the communities so that preferred neighborhood relationships can be considered in the design process. Finally, we demonstrate how to compare designs based on various urban analysis measures and discuss the limitations that arise when we apply our method in practice, especially when dealing with more complex urban design scenarios.
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Bondarenko, L. V. ,., and V. A. Timofeev. "TAXOCENE MALACOSTRACA OF LASPI BAY WATER AREA (BLACK SEA)." Ekosistemy, no. 25 (2021): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2414-4738-2021-25-41-48.
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The water area of Laspi Bay is located between the Cape Aya Nature Reserve and the coastal-acval complex near Cape Sarich. The benthic samples were collected during the summer period 2016–2019. The taxonomic diversity and current condition of the higher crustaceans, which live on the loose littoral and sublittoral bottoms of the bay, was assessed. 41 species of Malacostraca have been identified. They belong to 6 groups. In bay other Arthropoda representatives were found: Amphibalanus improvisus (Darwin, 1854) and Harpacticoida. The average biomass of higher crustaceans was 0.454±0.228 g/m2. The main role in its formation is played by Decapoda and is dominated by Diogenes pugilator. The average number of Malacostraca was 280±158 ind./m2. The highest percentage of occurrence and high density of settlement were recorded for Amphipoda. The ranked series by density index was headed by D. pugilator, Echinogammarus foxi, Centraloecetes dellavallei and Echinogammarus karadagiensis. The highest numbers were recorded at stations in the flood zone (0–0.5 m). High abundance and biomass concentrations of Malacostraca were recorded at the stations with sand and pebbles.
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SHANGE, NOMPUMELELO, PIETER A. GOUWS, and LOUWRENS C. HOFFMAN. "Prevalence of Campylobacter and Arcobacter Species in Ostriches from Oudtshoorn, South Africa." Journal of Food Protection 83, no. 4 (December 19, 2019): 722–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/jfp-19-472.
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ABSTRACT Cloacal swabs were obtained from live ostriches reared on 30 different farms situated in South Africa (Oudtshoorn) during the period of June 2018 to July 2019 to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter and Arcobacter species. PCR (n = 168 pooled cloacal swabs), the Cape Town protocol (n = 836 cloacal swabs), International Organization for Standardization ISO 10272-1:2006 (n = 836 cloacal swabs), and a selective Arcobacter spp. method (n = 415 cloacal swabs) were used for detection. PCR determined an average prevalence of 24.63% for species belonging to the Campylobacteraceae family. The ISO 10272-1:2006 method determined a Campylobacter spp. prevalence level of 16.83%, while the Cape Town protocol could not detect Campylobacter spp. For Arcobacter spp., a prevalence of 18.80 and 39.14% was determined with the Cape Town protocol and the selective Arcobacter spp. method, respectively. Results showed that prevalence levels could be influenced by season, the source of water, and the presence of wild water birds. Higher prevalence levels for Campylobacter spp. (23.38%) and Arcobacter spp. (68%) were detected in ostriches sampled during spring and autumn, respectively. Higher prevalence levels for Campylobacter spp. (25.23%) and Arcobacter spp. (44.50%) were detected in ostriches reared on farms that made use of borehole water. Higher prevalence levels for Arcobacter spp. (44.38%) were seen in ostriches reared on farms with wild water birds. This research shows that ostriches from South Africa can be considered as potential carriers of species belonging to the Campylobacteraceae family. HIGHLIGHTS
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Mustamu, Grace, Lawrence J. L. Lumingas, and Anneke V. Lohoo. "Diversity, Distribution Pattern, Morphometric of Box Mussel Septifer bilocularis (Linnaeus, 1758) on the Reef Flat in Cape Lampangi, South Minahasa." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 2, no. 1 (April 24, 2014): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.2.1.2014.4402.
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Septifer bilocularis (Linnaeus, 1758) is a suspension feeder organisms which are found live clustered on dead coral . This study aims to estimate the average density, analyzes the distribution patterns and analyze morphometric aspects of a long-high (thick) relation, length-total weight relation and length-weight index without shell relation of S. bilocularis at that location. Sampling method using transect squares method, with the length of each line is 50m, on each transect placed 10 squares (measuring 1m x 1m). Based on the data analysis of the average density in both transect was 214 individuals with a clustered deployment pattern, with a maximum shell length of 29,64mm. The relation between length and high of shell shows that the growth is allometri negative, length and total weight shell relationships is allometri negative, where the contents of the weight index does not increase with increasing length but declined. Box mussel Septifier bilocularis live clustered with very dense aggregations in intertidal reef flat area on the intertidal zone are exposed at the lowest tide at Cape Lampangi. Keywords : box mussel, morphometric, Cape Lampangi, South Minahasa ABSTRAK Septifer bilocularis (Linnaeus, 1758) merupakan organisme pemakan suspensi yang banyak ditemukan hidup secara mengelompok pada rataan terumbu karang mati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga kepadatan rata-rata, menganalisis indeks dispersi atau pola sebaran dan menganalisis aspek morfometrik berupa hubungan panjang-tinggi (tebal), panjang-berat dan panjang-indeks berat tubuh tanpa cangkang dari S. bilocularis di lokasi tersebut. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode transek kuadrat, dengan panjang setiap garis 50 meter, pada masing-masing transek diletakkan 10 kuadrat (berukuran 1m x 1m). Berdasarkan analisis data kepadatan rata-rata secara keseluruhan (kedua transek) adalah 214 individu dengan pola penyebaran mengelompok, dengan panjang cangkang maksimum 29,64mm. Hubungan pertumbuhan panjang dan tinggi cangkang ‘allometri negatif’, hubungan panjang cangkang dan berat total ‘allometri negatif’, di mana pertambahan indeks isi tidak sejalan dengan pertambahan panjang tetapi menurun. Kerang kotak Septifier bilocularis hidup mengelompok dengan agregasi yang sangat padat di daerah intertidal rataan terumbu pada zona intertidal yang terekspos pada saat surut terendah di Tanjung Lampangi. Kata kunci : karang kotak, morfometrik, Tanjung Lampangi, Minahasa Selatan
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Wright, Oliver Thomas, Georgina Cundill, and Duan Biggs. "Stakeholder perceptions of legal trade in rhinoceros horn and implications for private reserve management in the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Oryx 52, no. 1 (December 12, 2016): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605316000764.
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AbstractThe proposed legalization of international trade in rhinoceros horn is a hotly debated topic. South Africa is home to a large proportion of Africa's blackDiceros bicornisand white rhinocerosesCeratotherium simumpopulations. Private owners are custodians of c. 25% of the country's rhinoceroses, and the introduction of legal trade in horn harvested from live rhinoceroses may therefore have significant implications for the private conservation industry. This study explores perceptions of legal trade in rhinoceros horn, and its potential implications for reserve management, among rhinoceros owners and conservation practitioners from private game reserves in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Twenty-five semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants from 17 private game reserves (c. 37% of the total number of reserves with rhinoceroses). Whereas rhinoceros owners were mostly in favour of trade, opinion among non-owners was more nuanced. Owners expressed more interest in trading in live rhinoceroses, and stockpiled horn from natural mortalities, than in sustainably harvesting rhinoceros horn for trade. Informants therefore predicted that they would not change their practices significantly if the trade were legalized. However, most informants had little confidence that CITES would lift the trade ban. The perspectives of private reserve owners and managers should be taken into account in South African and international policy discussions relating to the legal trade in rhinoceros horn.
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Augusto, J. F., T. R. Frasier, and H. Whitehead. "Social structure of long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas) off northern Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia." Behaviour 154, no. 5 (2017): 509–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003432.
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Cetacean social structures include fluid and stable elements. Long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas) live in units that interact forming labile groups. In this study conducted off Cape Breton Island, between 1998–2011, we confirm unit membership predicts associations between individuals. We determine how units are structured and interact. We delineated 21 nearly-stable social units, with an average 7 members. For units where multiple individuals are sexed, both sexes are present. Most units showed long-term stability, while one showed evidence of splitting. Three units shared individuals with the largest unit (K, average size = 29). Splitting is likely triggered by size and difficulties maintaining associations between all individuals. Pilot whales face many pressures driving sociality at a range of temporal and social scales producing a multilevel society. While we have produced a more detailed model of long-finned pilot whale social structure, there are still unanswered questions, particularly whether units are strict matrilines.
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Shevill, D. I., and C. N. Johnson. "Diet and breeding of the rufous spiny bandicoot Echymipera rufescens australis, Iron Range, Cape York Peninsula." Australian Mammalogy 29, no. 2 (2007): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am07021.
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A population of the rufous spiny bandicoot Echymipera rufescens australis was studied for 14 months by live-trapping, and diets were determined by faecal analysis. The population had a high density (approximately 48 individuals on a trapping grid of 2.25 ha). A wide variety of foods were eaten, but fruits and seeds contributed the largest proportion of material to faeces, followed by invertebrates, fungi and dicot plants. Echymipera rufescens may potentially be a significant seed disperser for some plants, such as Pandanus zea. There was a short breeding season, with births occurring between December and March. Females produced one or two litters per year. Mean litter size was just under three, and litter size increased with the mother?s mass. Females produced a mean of 4.9 young per year. We conclude that although E. rufescens is a ?typical? bandicoot in that it is omnivorous and has high fecundity, it is more frugivorous and has a somewhat lower reproductive rate than other Australian bandicoots.
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Lal, Brij V. "The Odyssey of Indenture: Fragmentation and Reconstitution in the Indian Diaspora." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 5, no. 2 (September 1996): 167–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.5.2.167.
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“Indians are ubiquitous,” reports the Calcutta newspaper The Statesman on 5 August 1980. According to this article, there were then only five countries in the world where Indians “have not yet chosen to stay”: Cape Verde Islands, Guinea Bissau, North Korea, Mauritania, and Romania. Today, according to one recent estimate, 8.6 million people of South Asian origin live outside the subcontinent, in the United Kingdom and Europe (1.48 million), Africa (1.39 million), Southeast Asia (1.86 million), the Middle East (1.32 million), Caribbean and Latin America (958,000), North America (729,000), and the Pacific (954,000) (Clarke et al. 2).
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Lukas-Sithole, Megan. "Greening Nyanga: Developing a Community Park in a Complex Urban Environment in Cape Town, South Africa." Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae 23, no. 2 (November 18, 2020): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ahr-2020-0019.
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AbstractGreen, recreational spaces are lacking in most low-income urban areas of Cape Town, South Africa. Public open spaces that do exist are often considered nuisance plots, as they attract anti-social behaviour. Thus, there is a dire need to create green, recreational spaces in such areas to provide the benefits of parks to the community members who live there. Nuisance plots are unsafe and should be developed into safe, convivial, and beautiful spaces for local communities to utilise. Using the development of a community park in the Cape Town township of Nyanga as a case study, this paper demonstrates the communality and contestations involved in the planning and implementation of green infrastructure in an urban landscape marred by socioeconomic inequalities. Sourcing data from nine months of ethnographic fieldwork, this paper aims to i) show the importance of inclusive planning and decision-making through participation of all stakeholders in urban design and spatial planning projects; ii) to highlight the complexities and social contestations of such projects, and the need to consider the social relations of an area during the planning and implementation phases; and iii) to emphasise the importance of incorporating sense of place and belonging in design and planning decisions.
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van Wyk, Gertruida L., Louwrens C. Hoffman, Phillip E. Strydom, and Lorinda Frylinck. "Differences in Meat Quality of Six Muscles Obtained from Southern African Large-Frame Indigenous Veld Goat and Boer Goat Wethers and Bucks." Animals 12, no. 3 (February 4, 2022): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12030382.
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Various meat quality characteristics of six muscles (Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL), Semimembranosus (SM), Biceps femoris (BF), Supraspinatus (SS), Infraspinatus (IS), Semitendinosus (ST)) from large-frame Boer Goats (BG) and Indigenous Veld Goats (IVG: Cape Speckled and the Cape Lob Ear) were studied. Weaner male BG (n = 18; 10 bucks and 8 wethers) and IVG (n = 19; 9 bucks and 10 wethers) were raised on hay and natural grass, and on a commercial pelleted diet to a live weight of 30–35 kg. All goats were slaughtered at a commercial abattoir and the dressed carcasses were chilled at 4 °C within 1 h post mortem. The muscles were dissected from both sides 24 h post mortem and aged for 1 d and 4 d. Variations in meat characteristics such as ultimate pH, water holding capacity (WHC), % purge, myofibril fragment length (MFL), intramuscular fat (IMF), connective tissue characteristics, and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) were recorded across muscles. Bucks had higher lightness (L*) and hue-angle values, whereas wethers had increased redness (a*) and chroma values. The muscle baseline data will allow informed decisions to support muscle-specific marketing strategies, which may be used to improve consumer acceptability of chevon.
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Southward, A. J., M. C. Kennicutt, J. Herrera-Alcalà, M. Abbiati, L. Airoldi, F. Cinelli, C. N. Bianchi, C. Morri, and E. C. Southward. "On the Biology of Submarine Caves with Sulphur Springs: Appraisal of13C/12C Ratios as a Guide to Trophic Relations." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 76, no. 2 (May 1996): 265–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531540003054x.
Full textAbstract:
Submarine caves with sulphurous springs at Cape Palinuro, Campania, Italy, have a richer fauna than expected from the known oligotrophic nature of the cave habitat. Warm water containing sulphide issues from springs and rises above the cooler ambient sea-water with a sharp thermocline/chemocline between. The warm water then escapes from the caves mixed with cooler sea-water, probably inducing an inflow of ambient sea-water. Bacterial mats, often dominated by large species of attached bacteria resemblingBeggiatoa, line the upper parts of the inner caves and act as primary producers, fixing CO2by means of the autotrophic enzyme ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase. Many of the animals in the innermost parts of the caves live close to the chemocline or just below, where they would experience fall-out of bacterial organic matter, and some carry filamentous bacteria on their tubes and hard parts. Dominant members of the community include sponges, cnidarians, and tubicolous polychaetes.
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Maroyi, Alfred. "Assessment of Useful Plants in the Catchment Area of the Proposed Ntabelanga Dam in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Scientific World Journal 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3763607.
Full textAbstract:
Background. The developmental projects, particularly construction of dams, result in permanent changes of terrestrial ecosystems through inundation. Objective. The present study was undertaken aiming at documenting useful plant species in Ntabelanga dam catchment area that will be impacted by the construction of the proposed dam. Methods. A total of 55 randomly selected quadrats were used to assess plant species diversity and composition. Participatory rural appraisal (PRA) methods were used to identify useful plant species growing in the catchment area through interviews with 108 randomly selected participants. Results. A total of 197 plant species were recorded with 95 species (48.2%) utilized for various purposes. Use categories included ethnoveterinary and herbal medicines (46 species), food plants (37 species), construction timber and thatching (14 species), firewood (five species), browse, live fence, and ornamental (four species each), and brooms and crafts (two species). Conclusion. This study showed that plant species play an important role in the daily life and culture of local people. The construction of Ntabelanga dam is, therefore, associated with several positive and negative impacts on plant resources which are not fully integrated into current decision-making, largely because of lack of multistakeholder dialogue on the socioeconomic issues of such an important project.
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Masiangoako, Thato, Kelebogile Khunou, and Alana Potter. "Fighting for water in South Africa: public participation, water rights claiming and strengthening governance." H2Open Journal 5, no. 1 (February 24, 2022): 98–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2022.023.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Communities in South Africa employ a diverse range of strategies to actively claim their right to water. This paper examines two rights claiming strategies – protest and litigation – through the lens of two case studies. The first case study examines the struggles of the residents of Makhanda, a small town in the predominantly rural Eastern Cape Province, who formed a coalition to advocate for the dissolution of the municipal council for failing to fulfil its constitutional mandate to provide basic services. The second case examines the struggles of the residents of Marikana, an informal settlement in the City of Cape Town, where residents are forced to live in unlit, unhygienic and undignified conditions as a result of inadequate services provision. Although access to water is a justiciable right in South Africa, there is a curious paucity of legal rights mobilisation, with only one court case reaching the Constitutional Court. The article presents the following findings. First, communities employ different methods to claim their water rights, including engagement with government through formal channels, mobilisation, protest, litigation and self-supply. Water is a justiciable human right. Second, litigation is a valuable component of rights-claiming but is most effective if used alongside other strategies like community organisation and protest. Third, water rights can be achieved alongside struggles to secure other rights, like the right to housing, or holding local government accountable. In the two case studies, the legal tools of land expropriation and provincial intervention were employed to indirectly gain access to water services. Finally, community mobilisation, combined with strategic partnerships, plays a critical role in sustaining long-term efforts to claim water rights.