Journal articles: 'Canola biodiesel'

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Saeed, Kassem, and Çamur. "Effect of Biodiesel Mixture Derived from Waste Frying-Corn, Frying-Canola-Corn and Canola-Corn Cooking Oils with Various ‎Ages on Physicochemical Properties." Energies 12, no. 19 (September 29, 2019): 3729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12193729.

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Waste frying, corn and canola cooking oil biodiesels were produced through the transesterification ‎process and their properties were measured. Three different mixtures of biodiesel with the same blending ratio, namely, WCME1 (frying-corn biodiesel), WCME2 (frying-canola-corn biodiesel) and WCME3 (canola-corn biodiesel), were prepared. The effect ‎of ‎blending ‎biodiesel with various ages ‎‎(zero months (WCME3), eight months (WCME1), and 30 months (WCME2)) on kinematic ‎viscosity and‎ density was investigated under varying temperature and volume fraction. It was found that the kinematic viscosity of WCME2 remained within the ranges listed in ASTM D445 (‎1.9–6.0‎ mm2/s) and EN-14214‎ (‎3.5–5.0‎ mm2/s) at 30 months. It was also observed that both viscosity and density decreased as the temperature increased for each fuel sample. In order to improve the cold flow properties of the samples, the Computer-Aided ‎Cooling Curve Analysis (CACCA) technique was used to explore the crystallization/melting ‎profiles of ‎pure ‎methyl biodiesel as ‎well their blends. The results show that pure WCME2 has the lowest cold flow properties compared to other samples. Furthermore, 10 ‎correlations ‎were developed, tested and compared with generalized ‎correlations for the ‎estimation of the ‎viscosity and densities of pure biodiesels and their ‎blends. These equations depend on the temperature and volume fraction of pure components as well as the properties of the fuel.

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Smith, Elwin G., H. H. Janzen, and Nathaniel K. Newlands. "Energy balances of biodiesel production from soybean and canola in Canada." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 87, no. 4 (October 1, 2007): 793–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps06067.

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Biodiesel is currently produced in Canada mostly from recycled oils and animal fats. If biodiesel is to supply 5% of diesel usage, a government objective, first-time vegetable, likely from canola and soybean, oil will also be required to provide adequate feedstocks. In this review, we estimate the life cycle energy balances for biodiesel produced from soybean and canola oil under Canadian conditions. The three broad areas of energy inputs were crop production, oil extraction, and transesterification of the vegetable oil into biodiesel. Per unit seed yield, farm production energy inputs for canola were about three times higher than for soybean, mostly because of higher nitrogen fertilizer requirements for canola. Energy required for processing and oil extraction, per unit oil, was higher for soybean. Energy allocation for co-products was allocated using a system expansion approach. Protein meal was assigned about 12% of the energy expended for canola to grow the crop and extract the oil, and about 37% for soybean. Glycerine produced during the transesterification process was allocated energy on a weight basis (11.4%). The ratio of biodiesel energy produced per energy input ranged from 2.08 t o 2.41. The energy ratio was similar for soybean and canola:soybean required less energy inputs, but also produced less oil than canola, for a given weight of seed. Key words: Biodiesel, energy, life cycle analysis, soybean, canola

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Enweremadu, Christopher, Olusegun Samuel, and Hilary Rutto. "Experimental Studies and Theoretical Modelling of Diesel Engine Running on Biodiesels from South African Sunflower and Canola Oils." Environmental and Climate Technologies 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 630–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0048.

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Abstract The attributes of cost-effectiveness, reliability, consistency and better understanding, have made researchers prefer studying engine characteristics of IC engines fuelled with alternative fuels/diesel blends with computer simulation compared to conventional experimental study. For the first time, the study attempted to simulate combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of biodiesels from Canola and Sunflower oil domiciled in South Africa. The properties of biodiesel vary from one region to another depending on the local properties of the feedstock used for its production. In this study, a computer model-based C++ was used to evaluate the performance characteristics of biodiesel fuels produced from local South African sunflower and canola oil feedstocks. The developed model was validated using experimental results. The performance characteristics of biodiesel and biodiesel-diesel blends from these oils were tested in a Mercedes Benz OM 364A turbocharged four-stroke, four-cylinder direct ignition industrial diesel engine. Results show similar combustion characteristics for all the tested samples. Diesel shows a higher brake power and higher exhaust gas temperature than all the tested fuel samples. The brake thermal efficiency increases with the amount of biodiesel in the biodiesel-diesel blends. Biodiesel and its diesel blends show higher specific fuel consumption than diesel. In terms of emissions, nitrogen oxide emission was higher for biodiesel and its blends with diesel compared with diesel while smoke emission from biodiesel and its diesel blends was lower compared with diesel.

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Harker, K. N., J. T. O'Donovan, R. E. Blackshaw, L. M. Hall, C. J. Willenborg, H. R. Kutcher, Y. Gan, et al. "Effect of agronomic inputs and crop rotation on biodiesel quality and fatty acid profiles of direct-seeded canola." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 93, no. 4 (July 2013): 577–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2012-277.

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Harker, K. N., O'Donovan, J. T., Blackshaw, R. E., Hall, L. M., Willenborg, C. J., Kutcher, H. R., Gan, Y., Lafond, G. P., May, W. E., Grant, C. A., Barthet, V., McDonald, T., Wispinski, D. and Hartman, M. 2013. Effect of agronomic inputs and crop rotation on biodiesel quality and fatty acid profiles of direct-seeded canola. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 577–588. A field study was conducted at eight sites in western Canada to determine the influence of agronomic inputs on fatty acid profiles and biodiesel quality of canola. Protein and chlorophyll concentration and fatty acid profiles were determined from seed samples at all sites. Oil was extracted from canola seed samples from three sites, converted to biodiesel, and subjected to standard protocols. Protein concentration increased at higher than recommended rates of nitrogen (N) and the higher canola seeding rate (150 seeds m−2) reduced chlorophyll levels in canola oil. All biodiesel samples fell below new oxidation stability tolerance levels (minimum 8 h). However, given the routine addition of commercial antioxidant additives, all biodiesel samples from this study were suitable for blending in middle distillate fuels. Cloud point values were lowest at normal N (1×) rates. Normal N rates increased stearic acid content, whereas high N rates (1.5×) increased gadoleic acid content. Low seeding rates (75 seeds m−2) increased palmitic acid content. The combination of normal N (1×) with a high seed rate (150 seeds m−2) increased oleic acid content. Conversely, the combination of high N (1.5×) with a low seed rate (75 seeds m−2) increased linolenic acid content. Gadoleic acid content increased in the continuous canola rotation versus the canola–wheat–canola rotation; similar trends were observed with palmitic, linoleic, and linolenic acid. Oleic acid tended to be higher in canola rotated with wheat. Cold filter plugging point (CFPP) was predicted based on saturated fatty acid content. Usually, a high seeding rate (150 seeds m−2) combined with a normal N rate (1×) led to the most favourable (lowest) CFPP values. Low CFPP values were also associated with canola rotated with wheat compared with continuous canola production. Seeding rate, N, and crop rotation influenced protein and chlorophyll concentration, fatty acid profiles, cloud point, and CFPP.

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Blackshaw, Robert, Eric Johnson, Yantai Gan, William May, David McAndrew, Veronique Barthet, Tanya McDonald, and Dan Wispinski. "Alternative oilseed crops for biodiesel feedstock on the Canadian prairies." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 91, no. 5 (September 2011): 889–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2011-002.

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Blackshaw, R. E., Johnson, E. N., Gan, Y., May, W. E., McAndrew, D. W., Barthet, V., McDonald, T. and Wispinski, D. 2011. Alternative oilseed crops for biodiesel feedstock on the Canadian prairies. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 889–896. Increased demand for biodiesel feedstock has encouraged greater napus canola (Brassica napus L.) production, but there may be a need for greater production of other oilseed crops for this purpose. A multi-site field study was conducted to determine the oil yield potential of various crops relative to that of napus canola in the semi-arid, short-season environment of the Canadian prairies. Oilseed crops evaluated included rapa canola (Brassica rapa L.), juncea canola (Brassica juncea L.), Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata L.), oriental mustard (Brassica juncea L.), yellow mustard (Sinapis alba L.), camelina (Camelina sativa L.), flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Max.]. Crop emergence and growth were generally good for all crops, but soybean did not fully mature at some locations. The number of site-years (out of a total of 9) that crops attained similar or greater yields compared to napus canola were camelina (6), oriental mustard (5), juncea canola (3), flax (3), soybean (3), rapa canola (2), yellow mustard (2), and Ethiopian mustard (1). The ranking of seed oil concentration was napus canola=rapa canola= juncea canola=flax>camelina=oriental mustard>Ethiopian mustard>yellow mustard>soybean. Considering yield and oil concentration, the alternative oilseed crops exhibiting the most potential for biodiesel feedstock were camelina, flax, rapa canola and oriental mustard. Oils of all crops were easily converted to biodiesel and quality analyses indicated that all crops would be suitable for biodiesel feedstock with the addition of antioxidants that are routinely utilized in biodiesel fuels.

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Ludemann, C. I., S. M. Howden, and R. J. Eckard. "What is the best use of oil from cotton (Gossypium spp.) and canola (Brassica spp.) for reducing net greenhouse gas emissions: biodiesel, or as a feed for cattle?" Animal Production Science 56, no. 3 (2016): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15453.

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Cotton (Gossypium spp.) and canola (Brassica spp.) are significant crops worldwide. Vegetable oil extracted from the seed of these crops offers the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) through conversion into biodiesel to displace GHG associated with fossil-fuel diesel, or, by feeding the oil to cattle to reduce enteric methane emissions. Estimations of the net GHG effects of these two alternative uses of vegetable oil from cottonseed and canola were made in the present study for Australian conditions, using data from the literature and empirical data from livestock experiments. Results from the present study, which used a GHG accounting approach, indicated that feeding canola oil (as canola meal with 10.4% oil concentration) to cattle resulted in a net increase in GHG. However, GHG abatement from biodiesel produced from the oil (associated with the production of this same canola meal) exceeded the net increase in GHG from feeding the canola meal by-product to cattle. This means that there would be an overall GHG abatement from the combination of converting canola oil into biodiesel and feeding the resultant canola meal (with 10.4% oil concentration) to cattle. Feeding cottonseed oil in a supplement to cattle (whole cottonseed with 22% oil concentration) was estimated to result in GHG abatement, but to a lesser degree than would conversion into biodiesel. In both cases, major determinants of the GHG balance were the emissions arising from long-distance transport of the high-oil supplementary feeds fed to cattle, or of biodiesel to end-users.

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Hari, Prasad K., Srinivasan C. Ananda, and Kumar K. Praveen. "Pefformance and Emission Evaluation of Direct Inejction Diesel Engine Using Canola, Sesame Biodiesels with N-Butanol." Strojnícky časopis - Journal of Mechanical Engineering 71, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/scjme-2021-0012.

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Abstract Biodiesels from vegetable oils are also gaining momentum as a encouraging fuels which acts as alternative for agricultural diesel engines. Even though there is a slight penalty in the performance parameters by the usage of vegetable biodiesel fuels in diesel engines because of their high viscosity, there is considerable reduction in emissions which is dominant factor from the environmental perspective. In the present experimental work four fuels Canola (20% Canola oil plus 80% Diesel) biodiesel (B20C),Sesame (20% Sesame oil plus 80% Diesel) biodiesel (B20S), B20C blended with 5% n-butanol(B20C5B) and B20S is blended with 5% nbutanol(B20S5B) have tried as an alternative fuels to the Diesel. In the primitive stage tests were supervised on diesel engine with diesel. Thereafter in the second stage, tests were directed at identical operating conditions by using B20C, B20S and their blends as biodiesels. The engine important performance parameters brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and also the emission characteristics hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), smoke opacity and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are evaluated. The results are contrasted with respect on base line data (diesel). From the experimental readings it was observed that the BTE of B20C, B20S, B20C5B and B20S5B at 100% load decreased by 2.64%,1.9 %,1.41% and 0.94% respectively, relative to diesel (D). At maximum loading condition BSFC for diesel,B20C,B20S,B20C5B and B20S5B are 0.254, 0.284,0.273,0.270 and 0.260kg/kWh. Overall, it is concluded that the emission characteristics of HC, CO and Smoke opacity are dropped for all tested biodiesels when compared to diesel fuel.

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Issariyakul, Titipong, and Ajay K. Dalai. "Biodiesel Production from Greenseed Canola Oil†." Energy & Fuels 24, no. 9 (September 16, 2010): 4652–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef901202b.

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Lewandoski, Cristiano Fernando, Reginaldo Ferreira Santos, Evelyn Tânia Carniatto, João Paulo Man Kit Sio, and Leonardo Da Silva Reis. "AVALIAÇÃO DO ÓLEO DE CANOLA PARA PRODUÇÃO DE BIODIESEL / EVALUATION OF CANOLA OIL FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION." International Journal of Environmental Resilience Research and Science 4, no. 1 (February 18, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.48075/ijerrs.v4i1.26513.

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A crescente conscientização acerca dos impactos da poluição gerada por combustíveisfósseis, levou países de todo o mundo a repensarem o modo de como se utilizar energia. Em 2015 notratado de Paris durante a COP21 o Brasil assinou junto com mais 196 o termo de redução de CO 2 naatmosfera. E como uma das soluções para combustível renovável o óleo de canola é uma alternativa.O óleo é obtido das sementes das variedades de Brassica sp., e é amplamente utilizado paraalimentação humana, para lubrificação de maquinário industrial e para a produção de biodiesel. Oobjetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o processo de prensagem mecânica de grãos de canola em diferentestemperaturas e velocidades de rotação em uma extrusora mecânica com automação. O trabalho foidesenvolvido no laboratório da CTA, em uma prensa extrusora de grãos Z-1500. Para o presenteestudo foram definidas 4 temperaturas (110–120 °C, 120–30 °C, 130–140 °C e 140–50 °C) e 5velocidades [1000, 1200, 1400, 1600 e 1800 RPM (Rotações por minuto). Foi empregado um designexperimental 4 × 5 fatorial para determinar o rendimento de extração de óleo, massa específica do óleoe teor de proteínas na massa bromatológica

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Ali Nasr Abdulkareem and Nurul Fitriah Nasir. "Biodiesel Production from Canola Oil Using TiO2CaO as a Heterogenous Catalyst." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 93, no. 2 (April 9, 2022): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.93.2.125137.

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Biodiesel is one of the renewable energy sources that is an alternative to fossil diesel that is non-toxic and produces less CO emissions. Transesterification process is a conventional mechanism to produce biodiesel from vegetable oil with a homogeneous or heterogenous catalyst. However, heterogenous catalysts are considered as more efficient than homogenous catalysts. Recently, TiO2/CaO has been used as a compound heterogenous catalyst to produce biodiesel produce from palm oil, waste cooking oils and algae. In this research, biodiesel was manufactured using canola oil as a feedstock and titanium dioxide / calcium oxide (TiO2/CaO) as a catalyst. The aim of this study is to prepare the catalyst, investigate the transesterification process and measure the chemical and physical biodiesel properties. Catalyst preparation required four stages: dry mixing, wet mixing, water separation and catalyst activation where there were two temperature phases (200 °C and 600 °C). Catalyst mixed with methanol by 1:16 ratio had different mixing time phases (30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 90 minutes). The Transesterification process was by blending the catalyst-methanol mixture with canola oil under 3 phases (4 hours, 5 hours, and 6 hours). The catalyst characterization was by analysis of X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), temperature activation effects and activation time effects. The transesterification process analysis showed that the optimization conditions to produce biodiesel are 600 °C activation catalyst temperature, 90 minutes of catalyst-methanol mixing, 1.5% wt. catalyst concentration and 5 hours of transesterification time. The biodiesel yield was 96.9%. Moreover, new parameters were applied for this research (time and temperature of activation catalyst, catalyst-methanol mixing parameters and transesterification process conditions). Biodiesel properties (kinematic viscosity, flash point and water content) were measured according to ASTM D6751 standards and similarity was 98%. Therefore, biodiesel can be produced from canola oil and TiO2/CaO, but this still needs more studies on several topics such as the blending of canola with multi feedstocks, the ethanol impact and catalyst poisoning in the case of using TiO2-CaO as a catalyst.

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Shanta, S. M., G. J. Molina, and V. Soloiu. "Tribological Effects of Mineral-Oil Lubricant Contamination with Biofuels: A Pin-on-Disk Tribometry and Wear Study." Advances in Tribology 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/820795.

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Use of biodiesel produces engine oil dilution because of unburned biodiesel impinging on cold walls of the combustion chamber, being scrapped to the oil pan, and leading to changes of oil friction, wear and lubricity properties. In this paper, mixtures of SAE 15W-40 oil, which were contaminated by known percentages of the biodiesels from canola oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, and chicken fat, were tested in a pin-on-disk tribometer. A contact was employed of AISI 1018 steel disk and AISI 316 stainless-steel ball for pin material, and friction force and specific wear were measured. Wear on the disk surfaces showed that any degree of mineral-oil dilution by the tested biodiesels reduces the wear protection of engine oil even at small mixture percentages. However, these reductions were not substantially different than those observed for same percentages of dilution of mineral oil by fossil diesel. The tested mixture of oil contaminated with animal fat feedstock (e.g., chicken fat) biodiesel showed the best wear behavior as compared to those for the other tested mixtures (of mineral oil with vegetable feedstock biodiesel dilutions). Obtained results are discussed as baseline for further studies in a renewable energy multidisciplinary approach on biofuels and biolubes.

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Hollebone, B. P., B. Fieldhouse, M. Landriault, K. Doe, and P. Jackman. "AQUEOUS SOLUBILITY, DISPERSIBILITY AND TOXICITY OF BIODIESELS." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (May 1, 2008): 929–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-929.

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ABSTRACT With increasing interest in the use of plant and animal oils as potential petroleum fuel replacements, there is the potential for accidental release of these biodiesels to the environment. While the behaviours and effects of petroleum diesels have been extensively studied, little is known about either the fate of biofuels in water or their potential effects on aquatic ecosystems. The most important mechanism for exposure of aquatic ecosystems to biodiesels and petroleum diesels is the transfer of material from the non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) into the aqueous phase, as both soluble and dispersed components. The equilibrium levels of fuel components in the water, the water-accommodated fractions (WAF) have been measured in fresh water for biodiesels from feedstocks of soy oil, canola oil, waste fry tallow and fish wastes. Biodiesel and petroleum diesels blends of 5% (B5) and 20% (B20) are also measured. Aqueous toxicities are also reported for pure biodiesels and petroleum diesel. Acute toxicities were assessed by 96-hour LC5os of Daphnia magna and rainbow trout and by IC5os of bioluminescent bacteria. The correlations between acute toxicity, WAF concentrations and fuel property data are examined. Natural and chemically-enhanced dispersion of biodiesel is examined in both low- and high-energy conditions. Biodiesels are found to have significant differences with petroleum diesels in water chemistries and in potential ecological impacts. All organisms tested show that biodiesels have less acute toxicity than petroleum diesels. Biodiesels and biodiesel-rich blends were found to be very much more dispersible in high-energy conditions than petroleum diesel.

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Kuchhal, Piyush, and Rajnish Garg. "The rheological model of biodiesels at elevated pressures and temperatures." Clean Energy 6, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 438–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkac024.

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Abstract In the present study, an approximation is used to study viscosity as a function of pressure at different temperatures. The correlation so obtained is applied to study the viscosity of biodiesels extracted from soybean, Vistive soybean, canola, used canola, coconut and rapeseed. The computed values of viscosity from the proposed model were found to be in good agreement with experimental data throughout the range of pressure and temperature studied. The maximum average absolute relative deviation (AARD%) and mean AARD% are found to be 0.52 and 0.20, respectively, over the entire range of pressure (0.1–140 MPa) and temperature (283.15–373.15 K) for all biodiesels except rapeseed biodiesel, for which the values are 1.1 and 0.62, respectively. Furthermore, this work includes the very first investigation conducted so far on the variation of the pressure–viscosity coefficient (PVC) with pressure at different temperatures for biodiesels. The variation in PVC with the temperature is more sensitive at elevated pressures as compared to atmospheric pressure whereas the variation in PVC with pressure is more sensitive at elevated temperatures as compared to room temperature.

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Monteiro, Luciane Pimentel Costa, Cinthia Carreiro Da Luz, and Fernando Benedicto Mainier. "COMPARAÇÃO DE OLEAGINOSAS PARA A PRODUÇÃO DE BIODIESEL." Engevista 17, no. 2 (October 31, 2014): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/engevista.v17i2.655.

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Atualmente, a matriz energética mundial ainda está com o foco voltado aos combustíveis fósseis, cujas emissões de carbono têm agravado os problemas de poluição atmosférica. Uma alternativa menos poluente são os biocombustíveis, que se diferem por sua origem biológica não fossilizada. Como o Brasil é um dos maiores produtores de soja do mundo, é esta a oleaginosa mais utilizada para a produção do biodiesel brasileiro, não se constituindo, porém, como melhor opção com relação ao rendimento de óleo. O teor de óleo no grão de soja é de cerca de 19%, enquanto que canola e girassol apresentam, respectivamente, 38 e 42%. Além disso, a produtividade de óleo (em kg/ha) tanto da canola quanto do girassol também supera a da soja. Além dos 3 óleos já citados (canola, girassol e soja), foram estudados os óleos de coco e milho, totalizando cinco óleos. Foi utilizada a transesterificação com etanol, via catálise básica utilizando o NaOH como catalisador. O tempo de reação foi de 30 minutos, com os óleos inicialmente a 50ºC, porém as reações ocorreram à temperatura ambiente. A síntese com o óleo de coco apresentou o menor rendimento; as demais (canola, girassol, milho e soja), rendimentos próximos a 70%.

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Ozer, Salih, Mehmet Akçay, Battal Doğan, Derviş Erol, and Muji Setiyo. "The Effects of Canola Oil/Diesel Fuel/Ethanol/N-Butanol/Butyl Di Glycol Fuel Mixtures on Combustion, Exhaust Gas Emissions and Exergy Analysis." Automotive Experiences 5, no. 3 (June 6, 2022): 268–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/ae.7000.

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In recent years, there have been many studies on the widespread use of liquid fuels derived from biomass. A common emphasis in such studies is on fewer exhaust gas emissions and the expansion of renewable fuel production. Biodiesel is considered to be an important type of biomass fuel that is already produced commercially. But the production of biodiesel is laborious and comprises combination of several chemical processes. This study examines the effects of using oil used in biodiesel production with oxygen-rich chemicals on combustion (in-cylinder pressure (Cp), heat release rate (HRR), rate of pressure rise (RoPR), and cumulative heat release (CHR)), exhaust emission values, energy and exergy analysis. In this study, the effects of butyl di glycol use were also investigated and compared with commercially used ethanol and n-butanol. A transesterification method produced from canola oil the biodiesel used in the experiments. The experimental fuels were mixed volumetrically. For this purpose, experiments were carried out with canola biodiesel produced at 20% (D80B20) in diesel fuel and the results of the experiments were recorded. Under the same conditions, experiments were carried out by adding ethanol (D60C20E20), n-butanol (D60C20B20), butyl di glycol (D60C20G20) at a rate of 20% by volume to the canola oil added to the diesel fuel. The lowest values in terms of thermal and exergy efficiency were obtained in D60C20G20 fuel at all engine loads. Also, the highest entropy generation was calculated at all engine loads for this fuel blend.

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PEREIRA, B. R., R. M. M. DE CARVALHO, and S. T. CAETANO. "COSMETIC PRODUCTION FROM GLYCERINE THE BIODIESEL." Periódico Tchê Química 15, no. 30 (August 20, 2018): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v15.n30.2018.188_periodico30_pgs_185_192.pdf.

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The present study aims to produce a cosmetic emulsion containing the co-product glycerine, generated in the production of biodiesel by the transesterification of canola oil. The first part of the work consisted in the production of biodiesel by the transesterification of crude canola oil, using potassium hydroxide as catalyst, with a molar ratio of oil:methanol (1:6) and a temperature of 25 °C. The final reaction mixture had to be washed and filtered to obtain biodiesel, which was characterized and considered within the specifications of the National Oil Agency (ANP). The second step was based on the pre-purification of the glycerine by acid hydrolysis, by the addition of concentrated phosphoric acid/crude glycerin in the 2:3 molar ratio. This step was important to remove impurities such as the catalyst and fatty acids to later use the glycerine in the manipulation of the cream. Finally, the formulations of the Lanette® cream were made, one with the pharmaceutical glycerine other for the pre-purified glycerine of the biodiesel, and comparative tests were made among them, which proved the viability of the pre-purification of the residual glycerine of the biodiesel.

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Ortiz Lechuga, Eugenia Guadalupe, Mauro Rodríguez Zúñiga, and Katiushka Arévalo Niño. "Efficiency Evaluation on the Influence of Washing Methods for Biodiesel Produced from High Free Fatty Acid Waste Vegetable Oils through Selected Quality Parameters." Energies 13, no. 23 (November 30, 2020): 6328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236328.

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The increasing use of alternative energy sources has brought benefits like the recycling of waste vegetable oils (WVO) for biodiesel production; however, this practice presents challenges derived from a highly variable raw matter. Our research focused on the washing techniques usually employed by small to medium scale producers which may lack the infrastructure to perform high-grade purification and often relay on the employment of “artisanal” technology. We report biodiesel production from pure canola oil (C1) and a mix of soybean/canola oil (C2) as well as WVO from sample C2 with high free fatty acid content (2.7 FFA %) oil. We selected seven quality tests: pH determination, cloud, pour and flash point, acid number (AN), water/sediments and soap content considering the most commonly failed checkpoints in biodiesel production. From the use of four washing techniques, we determined that the sawdust filtration had the highest recovering yield with 89%. The majority of the washed biodiesel met the America Society of Testing Material (ASTM) standard limits for the tests selected. Biodiesel stability was tested from week 0 to week 6, determining a shelf life of three weeks in optimal conditions without the addition of antioxidants or specific storage conditions.

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Silva, David, Maria Paz Villarroel, Alba L. Roa, and Benita H. Quilodrán. "Use of Waste from Agroindustrial Sources as Substrate for Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Production by Thraustochytrium kinney VAL-B1." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 33 (November 2017): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.33.50.

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The aim of this work was to evaluate the possibility of using agroindustrial residues as carbon sources for the production of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by a native Thraustochytrid strain, and analyze the microorganism growth for each substrate. In this study a Chilean strain, Thraustochytrium kinney VAL-B1, was grown in three alternative carbon sources: lupine residue, fermented wine and residual glycerol from biodiesel canola oil for biomass and polyunsaturated fatty acids production. The highest biomass production values were obtained at the fifth day of growth, which were 7.22±0.56 g L-1, 2.72±0.25 g L-1 and 6.54±0.71 g L-1 for fermentations of lupine residue, fermented wine and residual glycerol from biodiesel canola oil, respectively, while the polyunsaturated fatty acids profile showed a docosahexanoic acid percentage of 21.19%, 13.42% and 35.06% in the fermentations of the above mentioned residues. The highest omega 3 fatty acids production (docosahexanoic and eicosapentanoic acid, 2.53±0.36 g L-1 and 0.25±0.03 g L-1, respectively) was obtained in the fermentation of residual glycerol from biodiesel canola oil. With these results, it was concluded that Thraustochytrium kinney VAL-B1 produces more omega 3 fatty acids (docosahexanoic and eicosapentanoic acid) when is fermented in a medium using residual glycerol from biodiesel canola oil as an alternative carbon source, reaching a productivity of 0.50 g L-1 d-1 for docosahexanoic acid. On the other hand, the highest biomass production was obtained in fermentations of lupine residue (7.22 g L-1). For these reasons, it is feasible to employ agroindustrial by-products for polyunsaturated fatty acids production.

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Chastek, Thomas Q. "Improving cold flow properties of canola-based biodiesel." Biomass and Bioenergy 35, no. 1 (January 2011): 600–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.10.024.

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Sharma, Rajesh V., Asish K. R. Somidi, and Ajay K. Dalai. "Preparation and Properties Evaluation of Biolubricants Derived from Canola Oil and Canola Biodiesel." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 63, no. 12 (March 23, 2015): 3235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf505825k.

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Singaram, Lakshmanan. "Biodiesel: An eco-friendly alternate fuel for the future: A review." Thermal Science 13, no. 3 (2009): 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0903185s.

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In today's society, researchers around the world are searching for ways to develop alternate forms of fuel. With the ever-rising fuel costs, developing alternate energy is a top priority. Biodiesel was developed to combat the high gas and oil prices. It is especially made for use in diesel cars and trucks. Biodiesel can be made from all natural foods that can produce oil. Oils such as vegetable, canola, peanut, rapeseed, palm, and olive oil can be used as bio diesel fuel. Virtually all oils that are used in the kitchens everyday can fuel automobiles. Biodiesel fuel is better for the environment because it burns cleaner and does not pollute the atmosphere. It is non-toxic and biodegradable, making it the perfect fuel. Many car manufacturers are realizing that the bio diesel automobile is becoming more popular, and are jumping on the bandwagon, by developing their own version of a biodiesel vehicle. They realize that the need for these vehicles will increase, and predict that they will be ready for the onslaught. Diesel engines have superior fuel efficiencies, and hence they are predominantly used in commercial transportation and agricultural machinery. Due to the shortage of diesel fuel and its increasing costs, a need for an alternate source of fuel for diesel engines is imminent. This paper investigates the suitability of biodiesels as such an alternative with particular reference to automobiles. It reviews techniques used to produce biodiesel and provides a comprehensive analysis of the benefits of using biodiesel over other fuels.

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Parmegiani Marcucci, Sílvio Miguel, Carina Akemi Araki, Renata Teresinha Kiffer, Murilo Pereira Moisés, and Pedro Augusto Arroyo. "Evaluation of the reaction conditions in the transesterification of canola oil for biodiesel production." Engevista 20, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/engevista.v20i4.9535.

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The development of renewable fuels has received great attention in recent years. Fatty acid esters, known as biodiesel, are promising for partially or total diesel replacement. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the reaction conditions of transesterification of refined canola oil and a quality of biodiesel produced. The influence of the different alkaline catalysts, the catalyst amount, stirring speed, molar ratio of oil:alcohol and the alcohol type were assessed. The ester yield in the best reaction conditions were 96.1 ± 1.26% for ethanol and 95.32 ± 2.68% for methanol. The biodiesel produced was analyzed according to the ANP (Agência Nacional de Petróleo, Gás Natual e Biodiesel) quality norms. The esters showed good quality in relation to the cold filter plugging point, oxidation stability and the cetane number.

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Heravi, Hamid, Saeed Hosseini, Fatemeh Bamoharram, and Javad Baharara. "The effect of various vegetable oils on pollutant emissions of biodiesel blends with gasoil in a furnace." Thermal Science 19, no. 6 (2015): 1977–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci140218022h.

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In this paper the effect of various vegetable oils on pollutant emissions of biodiesel blends with gasoil in a furnace is studied experimentally. The exhaust gas temperature and emissions of CO, NOx and SO2 are measured by an R-type thermocouple and TESTO 350-XL gas analyzer respectively. The oil of soybean, sunflower, canola and corn are used in transesterification process of biodiesel. The results show that maximum of temperature, NOx emission and SO2 emission are achieved for the combustion of sunflower methyl ester and corn methyl ester blends with gasoil in contrast with combustion of soybean methyl ester and canola methyl ester blends with gasoil. Also the minimum of CO emission is reached for combustion of these fuels.

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Sharma, Parveen K., Riffat I. Munir, Teresa de Kievit, and David B. Levin. "Synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from vegetable oils and free fatty acids by wild-type and mutant strains of Pseudomonas chlororaphis." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 63, no. 12 (December 2017): 1009–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2017-0412.

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Pseudomonas chlororaphis PA23 was isolated from soybean roots as a plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium. This strain secretes a wide range of compounds, including the antibiotics phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), pyrrolnitrin, and 2-hydroxyphenazine. We have determined that P. chlororaphis PA23 can synthesize medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymers utilizing free fatty acids, such as octanoic acid and nonanoic acid, as well as vegetable oils as sole carbon sources. Genome analysis identified a pha operon containing 7 genes in P. chlororaphis PA23 that were highly conserved. A nonpigmented strain that does not synthesize PCA, P. chlororaphis PA23-63, was also studied for PHA production. Pseudomonas chlororaphis PA23-63 produced 2.42–5.14 g/L cell biomass and accumulated PHAs from 11.7% to 32.5% cdm when cultured with octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, fresh canola oil, waste canola fryer oil, or biodiesel-derived waste free fatty acids under batch culture conditions. The subunit composition of the PHAs produced from fresh canola oil, waste canola fryer oil, or biodiesel-derived free fatty acids did not differ significantly. Addition of octanoic acid and nonanoic acid to canola oil cultures increased PHA production, but addition of glucose did not. PHA production in the phz mutant, P. chlororaphis PA23-63, was greater than that in the parent strain.

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Silveira, Vander Fabio, Jair Antonio Cruz Siqueira, Reginaldo Ferreira Santos, Fernando de Lima Caneppele, Jonathan Dieter, Maritane Prior, Luciene Kazue Tokura, Gilson Debastiani, Cristiano Fernando Lewandoski, and Leonardo da Silva Reis. "Motor gerador ciclo diesel assistido por sistemas de automação industrial (Indústria 4.0)." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): e20611124699. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i1.24699.

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Combustíveis como o biodiesel vêm ganhando muita popularidade pelo fato de ser um combustível alternativo. O estudo trata da avaliação do desempenho e de emissões de um motor gerador operando com diesel e blendas de biodiesel, assistido por sistema de automação industrial utilizados na Indústria 4.0. O experimento foi conduzido nos laboratórios da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná. Foram avaliados durante o experimento a energia gerada, o consumo específico, a eficiência energética e as emissões geradas pelo conjunto motor gerador. Os tratamentos utilizados foram o diesel de petróleo tipo A (D100), cinco blendas (misturas) de biodiesel de canola (B5, B10, B15, B20 e B50) e biodiesel puro (B100). As cargas aplicadas ao motor gerador foram do tipo resistivas de 1,0; 1,5; 4,5 e 6,0 kW para cada tipo de combustível. A energia gerada se manteve crescente e estável conforme o aumento de carga. O melhor resultado do consumo específico foi com o diesel (D100), seguido por B10 e o B20, ambos para a carga de 4,5 kW. As emissões de gases de monóxido de carbono são reduzidas enquanto as emissões de dióxido de carbono aumentam com aplicação de maiores cargas. O biodiesel puro (B100) tende a apresentar melhor eficiência energética que as misturas binárias utilizadas quando inserida a carga de 6,0 kW. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que as misturas de biodiesel de canola com o diesel convencional são uma das possíveis soluções viáveis na substituição parcial do diesel mineral.

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Carvalho Júnior, Genilson Do Nascimento, and Roberto Guimarães Pereira. "Análise multicritério aplicada à escolha de oleaginosas para a produção de biodiesel." Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 9, no. 5 (September 24, 2018): 231–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2018.005.0021.

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O uso de fontes alternativas de energia vem ganhando muita força devido ao aumento da preocupação com as questões ambientais, sociais e econômicas. Um exemplo disso é a utilização dos biocombustíveis derivados de óleos e gorduras de origem animal ou vegetal, que surgem como uma promessa para substituição do óleo diesel, com especial destaque para o biodiesel. O biodiesel representa uma nova opção geradora de energia dentro do setor energético brasileiro. Um combustível renovável, de qualidade comprovada que vai ajudar na redução da dependência do diesel de petróleo. Atuando, também, no desenvolvimento do agronegócio, buscando atingir dessa forma todos os membros da cadeia de produção do biodiesel. A seleção de matérias-primas para produção de biodiesel geralmente envolve situações de conflito de interesses no processo de gestão. Para ajudar na resolução recomendasse um conjunto de ferramentas capazes de gerenciar conflitos como os métodos de Apoio Multicritério à Decisão (AHP, MACBETH, SMART, ELECTRE, PROMETHEE, MODM, etc.). Este artigo tem por finalidade analisar, através de metodologia multicritério, qual das culturas ou espécies oleaginosas é mais apropriada para produção de biodiesel. Para isso foi utilizado os métodos da família PROMETHEE (I, II e GAIA), que ordenam as alternativas de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos em fluxos líquidos de sobre classificação parciais e totais. A representação do sistema de escolha se deu pelo exercício da criação e posterior comparação de dois cenários: um de base e outro mais abrangente, cada um levando em conta as alternativas (dendê, canola, soja, etc.) e critérios (conteúdo médio de óleo, meses de colheita, custos de produção, etc.) próprios. A ordenação final do resultado gerado na análise multicritério no cenário 1 foi: dendê; soja; canola; mamona e amendoim. Enquanto no cenário 2: dendê; canola; soja; girassol; amendoim; babaçu e mamona.

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McKinnon, J. J., and A. M. Walker. "Comparison of canola and mustard presscake from biodiesel production as protein sources for growing cattle." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 89, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas09012.

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Two studies were conducted to examine in situ rumen degradation kinetics of biodiesel presscake from canola (CPC) (Brassica napa) and mustard (MPC) (Brassica hirta) relative to regular canola meal (CM) and performance of cattle fed these meals as protein supplements in backgrounding diets. In the in situ trial CPC and MPC had similar (P > 0.05) rates of DM, CP, fibre and crude fat disappearance. However, CPC and MPC exhibited greater (P < 0.05) soluble DM, CP, ADF and NDF fractions and, as a result, the effective degradability of each of these fractions was greater (P < 0.05) than that of canola meal. No differences (P > 0.05) in effective degradability of crude fat were observed. The feedlot trial involved 391 steers (323 ± 24 kg) that were fed one of three experimental diets: a control diet consisting of barley silage (213 g kg-1) oat hulls (306 g kg-1), chopped straw (63 g kg-1), rolled barley (255 g kg-1) and CM (101 g kg-1), or a diet containing either CPC or MPC in place of CM as the protein supplement. Backgrounding performance was unaffected by treatment as no differences in DMI (P = 0.127), ADG (P = 0.679) or feed:gain (P = 0.792) were observed. Composition of gain estimated by ultrasound measurement of longissimus dorsi area and subcutaneous fat depth was unaffected by dietary treatment. It is concluded that biodiesel presscake from both canola and mustard seed provides a superior source of rumen degradable nutrients relative to CM and can be used as protein supplements for growing cattle without any adverse affects on performance at levels up to 10% of the diet DM.Key words: Beef cattle, backgrounding, biodiesel presscake, canola, mustard

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Monirul, I. M., H. H. Masjuki, M. A. Kalam, N. W. M. Zulkifli, H. K. Rashedul, M. M. Rashed, H. K. Imdadul, and M. H. Mosarof. "A comprehensive review on biodiesel cold flow properties and oxidation stability along with their improvement processes." RSC Advances 5, no. 105 (2015): 86631–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra09555g.

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Biodiesel, which comprises fatty acid esters, is derived from different sources, such as vegetable oils from palm, sunflower, soybean, canola, Jatropha, and cottonseed sources, animal fats, and waste cooking oil.

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Wahyono, Yoyon, Hadiyanto Hadiyanto, Mochamad Arief Budihardjo, Rifqi Ahmad Baihaqi, and Ainun Nurusy Syahida. "Effects of Long-Term Storage on the Quality of Palm Oil Biodiesel and Canola Oil Biodiesel." Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences 54, no. 3 (May 20, 2022): 220301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2022.54.3.1.

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Effective storage of biodiesel has proven to be a challenge, which the Indonesian government has invested billions of Indonesian rupiahs (IDR) in to overcome. It is thus important to investigate how different storage methods can affect the quality of biodiesel. The purpose of this study was to determine how storage at room temperature in the dark affects the quality of palm oil biodiesel (POB) and canola oil biodiesel (COB). POB and COB were stored in closed containers at 22 °C in the dark for 12 months. The results showed that POB was more significantly damaged than COB. This study found increases of density (POB by 51.52 kg/m3 and COB by 17.52 kg/m3), kinematic viscosity (POB by 0.67 mm2/s and COB by 0.32 mm2/s), acid value (POB by 0.27 mg-KOH/g and COB by 0.25 mg-KOH/g), total glycerol (POB by 0.58%-mass and COB by 0.60%-mass), and peroxide value (POB by 48 meq-O2/kg and COB by 54 meq-O2/kg), whereas there were decreases in fatty acid methyl esters (POB by 7.11%-mass and COB by 9.36%-mass). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry results for POB and COB showed decreases in 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-methyl ester, and increases in 9-octadecenoic acid and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results revealed the presence of methyl ester functional groups. The storage of biodiesel in a closed container at 22 °C in the dark can minimize biodiesel oxidation, as evidenced by the findings of this study, namely, the insignificant formation of ketone and aldehyde groups in the biodiesel oxidation process during storage, based on the results of FTIR.

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Antonova, Zoya A., Vladimir S. Krouk, Yadviga E. Pilyuk, Yuri V. Maksimuk, Larisa S. Karpushenkava, and Marina G. Krivova. "Exergy analysis of canola-based biodiesel production in Belarus." Fuel Processing Technology 138 (October 2015): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.05.005.

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Kulkarni, Mangesh G., Ajay K. Dalai, and Narendra N. Bakhshi. "Utilization of green seed canola oil for biodiesel production." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 81, no. 12 (2006): 1886–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.1621.

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Bari, Saiful, Chi Zhang, Fahad Kafrawi, and Kang Hei Lee. "Study of Spray Behaviors to Correlate with Engine Performance and Emissions of a Diesel Engine Using Canola-Based Biodiesel." Fuels 3, no. 1 (February 10, 2022): 87–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fuels3010007.

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The use of renewable biodiesel fuel in diesel engines can reduce the demand for depleting fossil fuels and reduce harmful emissions to the environment. In this research, an engine simulation is conducted using ANSYS Forte software, which allows for visualization of the spray inside the combustion chamber. The results show that biodiesel has higher liquid and vapor penetration lengths, higher droplet mass and diameter, and a longer breakup length. Molecular images of fuel molecules show that the temperature of biodiesel molecules is 141 °C lower than diesel molecules at 709 degree crank angle (°CA). These characteristics result in an extended evaporation time for biodiesel, consequently leading to poorer performance. Additionally, increased penetration length can lead to carbon deposits inside the combustion chamber. Therefore, such inefficiencies of biodiesel spray properties lead to lower combustive performance than diesel. In terms of performance, on average, biodiesel produces 16.9% lower power and 19.9% higher brake specific fuel consumption. On average, the emissions of CO, CO2, and HC of biodiesel are 17.8%, 3.41%, and 23.5% lower and NOx is 14.39% higher than the corresponding values obtained for pure diesel, respectively. In-cylinder combustion analyses show that the peak pressure of biodiesel is 0.5 MPa lower, the peak cycle temperature is 36 °C lower, the ignition delay is 4 °CA longer, the peak heat release rate is 16.5 J/deg. higher, and the combustion duration is 5.96 °CA longer compared to diesel combustion.

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Javed, Nasir, Muhammad Tahir, Jianfeng Geng, Genyi Li, and Peter B. E. McVetty. "Identification of Brassica genotypes and molecular markers for increased seed oil content." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 94, no. 6 (August 2014): 1103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-142.

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Javed, N., Tahir, M., Geng, J., Li, G. and McVetty, P. B. E. 2014. Identification of Brassica genotypes and molecular markers for increased seed oil content. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1103–1108. Carbon dioxide emissions by the transportation sector are major contributors to global climate change. Lower CO2 emissions by the transportation sector are linked to the use of renewable fuels including biodiesel. Canola has high seed oil content, adaptation to temperate climates and favorable fatty acid composition, which make it a preferred feedstock for biodiesel production. Doubled haploid (DH) line, random inbred (RI) line and consensus genetics maps for mapping populations derived from Polo × Topas were developed. The DH line-based genetic map was then used for the identification and tagging of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling seed oil biosynthesis. This genetic map consisted of 620 loci identified using several different types of molecular markers, and covered a map distance of 2241.1 cM with marker saturation of 3.7 cM. The phenotypic data on the mapping population for seed oil content and component fatty acids were collected from four-environment replicated field trials. One hundred and thirty-one QTL for various fatty acids in canola oil and 14 QTL for oil content were identified. These QTL, combined with marker-assisted selection, may assist breeders in their attempts to develop canola lines with improved oil quality, oil content and oil production per hectare for biodiesel production.

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Tang, Ying, Haomiao Ren, Feiqin Chang, Xuefan Gu, and Jie Zhang. "Nano KF/Al2O3 particles as an efficient catalyst for no-glycerol biodiesel production by coupling transesterification." RSC Advances 7, no. 10 (2017): 5694–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra25782h.

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In this study no-glycerol biodiesel production was prepared using nano γ-Al₂O₃ particles as support in the tri-component coupling transesterification of canola oil, dimethyl carbonate and methanol.

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DeMarini, David M., Esra Mutlu, Sarah H. Warren, Charly King, M. Ian Gilmour, and William P. Linak. "Mutagenicity emission factors of canola oil and waste vegetable oil biodiesel: Comparison to soy biodiesel." Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 846 (October 2019): 403057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.05.013.

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., Amrinder Mehta. "CANOLA BIODIESEL: AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION FOR PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL AND PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT IN DIESEL ENGINE." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 04, no. 04 (April 25, 2015): 535–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2015.0404092.

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Eryılmaz, Tanzer, and Muttalip Erkan. "Design of a Small Scale Pilot Biodiesel Production Plant and Determination of the Fuel Properties of Biodiesel Produced With This Plant." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 3, no. 2 (September 22, 2014): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v3i2.67-70.238.

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A small scale pilot biodiesel production plant that has a volume of 65 liters/day has been designed, constructed and tested. The plant was performed using oil mixture (50% wild mustard seed oil + 50% refined canola oil) and methanol with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) catalyst. The fuel properties of biodiesel indicated as density at 15oC (889.64 kg/m3), kinematic viscosity at 40oC (6.975 mm2/s), flash point (170oC), copper strip corrosion (1a), water content (499.87 mg/kg), and calorific value (39.555 MJ/kg), respectively.

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Hadia Shoaib, Hadia Shoaib, Sarfaraz Ahmed Mahesar Sarfaraz Ahmed Mahesar, Saeeduddin Saeeduddin, Parisa Jafarian Parisa Jafarian, Razieh Niazmand Razieh Niazmand, and and Syed Tufail Hussain Sherazi and Syed Tufail Hussain Sherazi. "Quality Evaluation of Canola Oils and Deodorizer Distillate during Industrial Processing." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 41, no. 6 (2019): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000818/jcsp/41.06.2019.

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Aim of present study was to evaluate quality of three collected sets of canola oil containing crude oil, neutralized oil, bleached oil, deodorized oil and canola oil deodorizer distillate (DD) form three different edible oil processing industries. Physiochemical properties such as moisture, color, free fatty acid (FFA), acid value (AV), peroxide value (PV), p-Anisidine value (AV), total oxidative (totox) value, saponification value (SV), iodine value (IV), unsaponifiable matter and soap content were evaluated. The results of the present study indicated that each stage of processing has different impact on the determined quality parameters. Overall processing was well controlled and final product i.e. refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) canola oil was found to be fit for human consumption. Only soap contents should be further controlled during neutralization process to avoid extra processing time and losses in the bleaching process. High FFA contents in DD samples indicated that it could be used as a potential and cheap source for biodiesel production.

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Fan, Xiaohu, Rachel Burton, and Greg Austic. "Preparation and Characterization of Biodiesel Produced from Recycled Canola Oil." Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal 2, no. 1 (December 17, 2009): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876973x00902010113.

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Fan, Xiaohu, Rachel Burton, and Greg Austic. "Preparation and Characterization of Biodiesel Produced from Recycled Canola Oil." Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal 2, no. 1 (2009): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876973x01002010113.

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H. Steppuhn, T. McDonald, R. Dunn, and M. A. Stumborg. "Biodiesel Fuel Quality of Canola Feedstock Grown on Saline Land." Biological Engineering 2, no. 3 (2010): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.34833.

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Mello, B. T. F., D. A. Zempulski, L. Cardozo-Filho, and C. Silva. "Hydrolysis of Canola Oil Under Subcritical Conditions for Biodiesel Synthesis." Asian Journal of Chemistry 29, no. 2 (2017): 398–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2017.20217.

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D’Cruz, Amanda, Mangesh G. Kulkarni, Lekha Charan Meher, and Ajay K. Dalai. "Synthesis of Biodiesel from Canola Oil Using Heterogeneous Base Catalyst." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 84, no. 10 (August 24, 2007): 937–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11746-007-1121-x.

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Hussain, Zaibunnisa, Saeed Ahmad Nagra, and Mehwish Jamil. "Production of Biodiesel from Waste Canola Cooking Oil in Pakistan." International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications 6, no. 6 (December 2015): 436–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijcea.2015.v6.525.

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Dizge, Nadir, and Bülent Keskinler. "Enzymatic production of biodiesel from canola oil using immobilized lipase." Biomass and Bioenergy 32, no. 12 (December 2008): 1274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.03.005.

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BATISTA, A. C. F., A. T. VIEIRA, H. S. RODRIGUES, T. A. SILVA, R. M. N. ASSUNÇÃO, M. A. BELUOMINI, H. P. REZENDE, and M. G. HERNANDEZ-TERRONES. "PRODUCTION AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF METHYLIC AND ETHYLIC BIODIESEL FROM CANOLA OIL / OBTENÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO BIODIESEL DE CANOLA PELAS ROTAS METÍLICA E ETÍLICA." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas 8, no. 4 (December 16, 2014): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.18011/bioeng2014v8n4p289-298.

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Kim, Il Ryong, Hye Song Lim, Wonkyun Choi, Da In Kang, Sang Yeol Lee, and Jung Ro Lee. "Monitoring Living Modified Canola Using an Efficient Multiplex PCR Assay in Natural Environments in South Korea." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 31, 2020): 7721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217721.

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Canola (Brassica napus L.) is cultivated worldwide and utilized as a vegetable oil, biodiesel, and livestock feed. It is also a major living modified (LM) crop alongside corn, soybean, and cotton. Many canola events have been authorized for food, feed, and processing use in South Korea. Concerns about the unintentional release of LM canola into the natural environment have increased environmental monitoring and post-management of living modified organisms (LMOs) is on the rise. The Ministry of Environment (MOE) and the National Institute of Ecology (NIE) conducted an environmental LMO monitoring and post-management project for LM canola from 2014 to 2017. The number of suspicious LM samples gradually increased each year. In this study, a multiplex PCR method was established to detect seven single LM canola events (Topas 19/2, Rf3, Dp-73496-4, Ms8, GT73, Mon88032, and T45) to cover 14 approved LM canola events. This method was utilized to detect 22 LMs out of 260 suspicious canola samples. Thus, this new method is more efficient in terms of time and cost than conventional PCR methods for the identification and monitoring of LMOs.

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Zou, Ting, You-dan Duan, Qiao-e. Wang, and Hai-ming Cheng. "Preparation of Immobilized Lipase on Silica Clay as a Potential Biocatalyst on Synthesis of Biodiesel." Catalysts 10, no. 11 (November 2, 2020): 1266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10111266.

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Biodiesel offers an important alternative to fossil fuel. In this work, Eversa Transform 2.0 lipase was immobilized onto 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) modified silica clay (SC) by glutaraldehyde. The characteristics of the functionalized supports and the immobilized lipase were investigated by FTIR, TEM, BET, and XRD. The results show that the optimal conditions of lipase immobilization are as follows: 2% glutaraldehyde concentration, 15 mg/mL lipase concentration and incubating at 25 °C for 60 min. The immobilized lipase showed a high tolerance to temperature and pH variation in comparison to the free lipase. The immobilized lipase on SC was applied as a biocatalyst for the synthesis of biodiesel from methanol and canola oil. A biodiesel yield of 86% was obtained at a temperature of 45 °C via a three-step methanol addition. A conversion yield of 67% was maintained after reusing the immobilized lipase for five cycles. This work provides a strategy for the preparation of an efficient biocatalyst for the synthesis of biodiesel.

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Shokri-Gharelo, Reza, and Pouya Motie Noparvar. "Molecular response of canola to salt stress: insights on tolerance mechanisms." PeerJ 6 (May 22, 2018): e4822. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4822.

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Canola (Brassica napus L.) is widely cultivated around the world for the production of edible oils and biodiesel fuel. Despite many canola varieties being described as ‘salt-tolerant’, plant yield and growth decline drastically with increasing salinity. Although many studies have resulted in better understanding of the many important salt-response mechanisms that control salt signaling in plants, detoxification of ions, and synthesis of protective metabolites, the engineering of salt-tolerant crops has only progressed slowly. Genetic engineering has been considered as an efficient method for improving the salt tolerance of canola but there are many unknown or little-known aspects regarding canola response to salinity stress at the cellular and molecular level. In order to develop highly salt-tolerant canola, it is essential to improve knowledge of the salt-tolerance mechanisms, especially the key components of the plant salt-response network. In this review, we focus on studies of the molecular response of canola to salinity to unravel the different pieces of the salt response puzzle. The paper includes a comprehensive review of the latest studies, particularly of proteomic and transcriptomic analysis, including the most recently identified canola tolerance components under salt stress, and suggests what researchers should focus on in future studies.

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Nandi, S., R. Bhattacharyya, and G. Misra. "Investigation of biodiesel from Canola oil deodorizer distillate using dual biocatalyst." Asian Journal of Applied Science and Technology 04, no. 01 (2020): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.38177/ajast.2020.4114.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Canola biodiesel'

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