Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cannabis use disorder'
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McCabe, Patrick J. "Cannabis Use and Bipolar Disorder: Bipolar Disorder Case Identification and Cannabis Use Risk Assessment: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/584.
Full textSmolkina, Milana. "Epidemiological and genetic associations between Cannabis Use Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2019. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/epidemiological-and-genetic-associations-between-cannabis-use-disorder-and-major-depressive-disorder(aae240ea-e4b3-4c30-8fc0-fba14831b3a1).html.
Full textBehrendt, Silke, Katja Beesdo-Baum, Michael Höfler, Axel Perkonigg, Gerhard Bühringer, Roselind Lieb, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "The relevance of age at first alcohol and nicotine use for initiation of cannabis use and progression to cannabis use disorders." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-120008.
Full textBehrendt, Silke, Katja Beesdo-Baum, Michael Höfler, Axel Perkonigg, Gerhard Bühringer, Roselind Lieb, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "The relevance of age at first alcohol and nicotine use for initiation of cannabis use and progression to cannabis use disorders." Technische Universität Dresden, 2012. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27094.
Full textTyler, Elizabeth. "An investigation of the relationship between bipolar disorder and cannabis use." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-investigation-of-the-relationship-between-bipolar-disorder-and-cannabis-use(e9aeb45d-d4f3-4d2b-b633-5a45d51aafd5).html.
Full textWittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Christine Fröhlich, Silke Behrendt, Agnes Günther, Jürgen Rehm, Petra Zimmermann, Roselind Lieb, and Axel Perkonigg. "Cannabis use and cannabis use disorders and their relationship to mental disorders: A 10-year prospective-longitudinal community study in adolescents." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-110270.
Full textWittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Christine Fröhlich, Silke Behrendt, Agnes Günther, Jürgen Rehm, Petra Zimmermann, Roselind Lieb, and Axel Perkonigg. "Cannabis use and cannabis use disorders and their relationship to mental disorders: A 10-year prospective-longitudinal community study in adolescents." Technische Universität Dresden, 2007. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26826.
Full textKosty, Derek. "Trajectories of Cannabis Use Disorder: Risk and Developmental Factors, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcomes." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19200.
Full textRebgetz, Shane E. "Natural recovery of people with cannabis use and psychosis." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/101576/1/Shane_Rebgetz_Thesis.pdf.
Full textHicks, Terrell A. "A Longitudinal Investigation of Interpersonal Trauma Exposure, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Cannabis Use Phenotypes among College Students." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/6066.
Full textNeumann, Maria, Gerhard Bühringer, Michael Höfler, Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, and Eva Hoch. "Is Cannabis Use Treatment Also Indicated for Patients with Low to Moderate Polysubstance Use?" Karger, 2018. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A70647.
Full textSehl, Hannah. "Mapping brain function associated with cue-reactivity and changes pre-to-post a mindfulness-based intervention in cannabis use disorder." Phd thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2022. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/46b2078989c1269781fbd5dfb5d781c02bd65178d2458e18dfde3b52567f568a/4231107/Sehl_2022_Mapping_brain_function_associated_with_cue.pdf.
Full textAltoft, Victoria Louise. "Negative symptons experienced by people with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder who use cannabis : a pilot study within assertive outreach services." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1157/.
Full textBlanco, Hinojo Laura 1981. "Functional connectivity anomalies in the neural networks mediating motivated behavior : assessong obsessive-compulsive disorder , chronic cannabis use, Prader-Willi syndrome and Down syndrome." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/328419.
Full textEls trastorns compulsius, impulsius, i addictius, mostren trets comuns associats a una disfunció en la regulació de la conducta motivada. El conjunt de xarxes neuronals que connecten àrees corticals, principalment frontals, amb els ganglis basals, té un paper rellevant a la conducta motivada. Hem utilitzat mesures de RM per avaluar l’estat funcional dels circuits corticals-ganglis basals, així com la seva interacció amb altres xarxes cerebrals, en quatre trastorns que d’una manera característica presenten alteracions de la conducta motivada. Les mostres d’estudi van incloure un grup de 74 pacients amb trastorn obsessiu-compulsiu, 28 consumidors crònics de cànnabis, 24 persones amb síndrome de Prader-Willi i 20 persones amb síndrome de Down. A més, vam utilitzar RM estructural per caracteritzar les correlacions volumètriques de substància grisa dins d’aquests mateixos circuits en subjectes sans. Els resultats mostren alteracions comunes i diferents entre els grups d’estudi, associades a la gravetat dels seus símptomes més característics. En el context específic de la fisiologia frontal-ganglis basals, les troballes poden proporcionar nous coneixements sobre la naturalesa del comportament obsessiu compulsiu, els límits amb la impulsivitat i el paper de les motivacions bàsiques no satisfetes en la gènesi de les obsessions.
Berard, Amanda Kay. "Giving Texas Veterans a Voice: Traumatic Experience and Marijuana Use." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248452/.
Full textModisane, L. N. "Relationship between cannabis use and psychiatric disorders in patients admitted at Dr George Mukhari Hospital Psychiatric Unit." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/442.
Full textBACKGROUND Cannabis is the commonly used illicit drug of choice in South Africa and throughout the world. The majority of individuals who use cannabis do not report adverse reactions to it, however a minority of heavy users will develop problems. A substantial number of patients admitted at our psychiatry unit seem to be using cannabis. AIMS The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between cannabis use in psychiatric disorders in patients admitted in George Mukhari Hospital Psychiatry Unit, to determine the pattern of cannabis use, to identify the common psychiatric disorders in patients using cannabis, to determine the socio-economic factors that may lead to cannabis use. METHODS A total of 75 participants admitted at Doctor George Mukhari hospital and diagnosed with psychiatric disorders according to the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders fourth edition text revised were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and had urine specimens collected for analysis. Out of 75 participants a control group of 34 participants who tested negative for urinary cannabinoids were interviewed. The participants had signed a written informed consent in their language of preference. The study had been approved by the Research Ethics and Publications Committee of the University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus).Data was analysed with the help of the statistician and reported on graphs, pie-charts and tables. RESULTS 16(39%) of participants who tested positive were diagnosed with schizophrenia, 7 (17%) of those who tested positive were diagnosed with cannabis induced psychotic disorder, 5(12%) of those tested positive were diagnosed with psychosis due to GMC (HIV) and 6(15%) were diagnosed with psychosis due GMC (epilepsy). 8(24%) of those who tested negative were diagnosed with schizophrenia, 15(44%) of those tested negative were diagnosed with cannabis induced psychotic disorder, 2(6%) were diagnosed with psychosis due to GMC (HIV) and to 2(6%) of those who tested negative were diagnosed with psychosis due to GMC (epilepsy). Majority 24 (32%) smoked cannabis using pipes 4-5 times, 19 (25%) used zols 4-5 times, 12(16%) used pipes 2-3 times, 11(14%) used 1 zol in the 30 days prior to the interview. Most of the participants were of low socio-economic status and had started using cannabis early in their lives. CONCLUSION Cannabis use is related to a number of psychiatric disorders in patients admitted at Dr George Mukhari Hospital. Schizophrenia, cannabis induced psychotic disorder, psychosis due to GMC (HIV), psychosis due to epilepsy were the commonest identified disorders.
Mallet, Jasmina. "Marqueurs neurodéveloppementaux, cognition et facteurs environnementaux précoces et tardifs dans le phénotype psychotique des pathologies mentales Heavy cannabis use prior psychosis in schizophrenia : clinical, cognitive and neurological evidences for a new endophenotype? Etude et apport de la latéralité comme marqueur neurodéveloppemental dans les troubles schizophréniques et bipolaires Cigarette smoking and schizophrenia : a specific clinical and therapeutic profile? Results from the Face-Schizophrenia cohort Tobacco smoking is associated with antipsychotic medication, physical aggressiveness and alcohol use disorder in schizophrenia : results from the Face-SZ national cohort Tabagisme et schizophrénie, impact sur la cognition Tobacco smoking and psychotic-like experiences in a general population sample Poster congrès français de psychiatrie 2018 : Expériences psychotiques chez 50 patients adolescents hospitalisés pour la 1ère fois : approche trans-diagnostique et prospective avec la PQ16." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=2403&f=17360.
Full textMental diseases represent a very heterogeneous categorical group, even within a given nosographic entity. Multifactorial approaches allow accounting for the clinical heterogeneity of mental disorders, the continuum between certain clinical dimensions, and even between the normal and the pathological. Among such dimensions, the psychotic phenotype constitutes an essential dimension of schizophrenic disorder. The dimensional approach allows for the search of psychotic experiences in most mental disorders as well as in the general population. We make the general hypothesis that certain psychiatric disorders with psychotic symptoms could be the result of the interaction between early- (obstetric traumas for example) and late- environmental factors (toxics, traumatisms) and the neurodevelopment of the individual. The initial step in this thesis work was to better define the concepts of vulnerability in psychiatry, and, based on the example of schizophrenia, to conduct a review of the literature on risk factors according to their early or late interaction with neurodevelopment. Subsequently, the first axis of research of the present thesis was to evaluate early neurodevelopmental markers (neurological soft signs, laterality, cognition). Our first work concerned the clinical, neurological and cognitive characterization of 64 patients suffering from schizophrenia, according to their cannabis use (or not) prior to psychosis. It provided evidence for a lower burden of neurodevelopment in cannabis users, and the potential impact of this substance on vulnerable individuals. Our second work concerns the clinical and cognitive impact of lateralization in patients with schizophrenia (n = 667) and bipolar disorder (n = 2445). We bring arguments for a neurodevelopmental weight (measured with this lateralization index) that is more important in schizophrenia. Our second axis of research focused on tobacco smoking as a late environmental factor in schizophrenia and psychotic phenotype. We showed in two studies on the FACE-SZ cohort (n = 361, n = 474) that SZ patients consumed almost twice as much as the general population and that they could represent a SZ subgroup with specific socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. In a third study, we compare the cognitive functions of these patients (n = 785) and show that the self-medication hypothesis alone cannot account for the high prevalence of their smoking. In a fourth work, we studied the impact of smoking on the psychotic phenotype with a dimensional approach, and showed an association between smoking and certain psychotic-type experiences in a representative sample of the US general population (NESARC, n = 34653). Finally, in a last line of research, we evaluated the psychotic phenotype in a population of adolescents and young adults hospitalized for a first psychiatric episode (n = 50). In a preliminary study, we show a high prevalence of psychotic-like experiences in these young adults, regardless of the diagnosis made six months afterwards, highlighting the trans-nosographic character of the psychotic phenotype during the emergence of different mental disorders. Overall, the present thesis underscores the clinical heterogeneity of mental illnesses and the importance of dimensional and trajectory approaches in identifying risk (or protective) factors, towards a better etiopathogenic understanding, better prevention opportunities, and a personalized patient care
Degenhardt, Louisa Psychology Faculty of Science UNSW. "Comorbidity between substance use and mental health in Australia: Relationships of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use with other substance use and mental disorders." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Psychology, 2001. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/18247.
Full textHelbig, Friederike, Anja Pixa, Gerhard Bühringer, and Jürgen Hoyer. "Wirksamkeit ambulanter Verhaltenstherapie bei Substanzstörungen und abhängigen Verhaltensweisen - Evaluation einer Spezialambulanz." Karger, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71680.
Full textEffectiveness of Outpatient Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Substance Use Disorders – Evaluation of a Specialized Outpatient Clinic Background/Aim: Given a number of conditions, the revision of the German psychotherapy guidelines in 2011 facilitates treating substance use disorders in outpatient psychotherapy. Empirical results on the diagnostic characteristics of the patients treated within this setting and about the effectiveness of the treatment are lacking. Material and Methods: We examined N = 59 consecutive patients, diagnosed with standardized diagnostic interviews, of a specialized outpatient clinic for cognitivebehavioral therapy. Of these, n = 34 started the treatment (intent-to-treat (ITT) sample) and n = 28 completed it. The outcome (including clinical judgement of abstinence) was assessed with established symptom scales (Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)) as well as therapist and patient ratings. Results: About 40% of the patients who contacted the clinic did not start the therapy. In therapy completers, clinically relevant improvement was reached. Based on ITT analyses, effect sizes ranged from d = 0.8 (BSI) to d = 1.2 (BDI). Based on therapist and patient ratings, the percentage of successful therapies was high (between 68 and 76%, ITT analyses). All therapy completers diagnosed with a dependence syndrome reached abstinence at least temporarily. Conclusion: Effectiveness rates are high in completers. These results show that treatment can be efficient in an outpatient setting.
Sagar, Kelly A. "Cognition and cannabis use disorder in recreational cannabis users and medical cannabis patients." Thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/41117.
Full textMarshall, SE. "The Cannabis use disorder identification test - revised (CUDIT-R) : categorisation and interpretation." Thesis, 2013. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/20793/1/whole_MarshallSophieElizabeth2013_thesis.pdf.
Full textBashford, Janet Lorraine. "The Cannabis Use Problems Identification Test (CUPIT) : development and psychometrics : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/705.
Full textCordelier, Noémie. "Consommation de cannabis, impulsivité et comportements routiers à risque chez les jeunes conducteurs." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25255.
Full textDespite many prevention efforts, young drivers are overrepresented in road crashes. Some studies show that cannabis use and impulsivity are significant predictors of risky driving behaviour among young drivers. The aim of this thesis is to better understand the association between cannabis use and risky driving behaviour, while considering the driver’s impulsivity. For this purpose, this thesis is divided into two articles. The first article aims to verify whether the frequency of cannabis use predicts risk-taking over and above the impulsivity traits of young drivers. 209 participants aged between 17 and 25 completed questionnaires on their driving behaviours, impulsivity, and frequency of cannabis use. Results show that the frequency of cannabis use is a significant predictor of risky driving over and above the five impulsivity traits. Furthermore, positive urgency is the only impulsivity trait which predicts risky driving, regardless of the frequency of cannabis use. Several explanations of these results are proposed, including one we found particularly relevant: the probability of driving under the influence is higher with more frequent use, so the substance effects could explain risky driving behaviour. Therefore, in our second study, we wanted to test whether cannabis use was associated with risky driving behaviour even if the user was not driving under the influence. Moreover, since frequent use can be symptomatic of a cannabis use disorder (CUD), we wanted to verify its impact on risky behaviours. The second article, therefore, compares two groups of cannabis users (with or without CUD) on several driving behaviours, while considering their impulsivity. A sample of 76 male participants, cannabis users, aged 18 to 25, completed a driving simulation task and a stop-signal task, abstaining from cannabis use in the 12 hours preceding the experiment. They also completed questionnaires about their cannabis use patterns, impulsivity traits and risk-taking. Results show that users with a CUD displayed more risky behaviours in the simulator than users without a CUD, regardless of their impulsivity level and without being under the effects of the substance. Several explanations have been proposed: difficulty adjusting to driving without the influence of the substance for users with a CUD; presence of a confounding variable different from the impulsivity; or residual effects of cannabis, not detected by the stop-signal task. In summary, this thesis emphasizes that cannabis use is a contributing factor to young drivers’ risky behaviours, regardless of their impulsivity. Moreover, cannabis users are not a homogeneous group, which is why it is important to specifically target problematic users in prevention campaigns.
Thornton, Louise K. "Attitudes and perceptions regarding tobacco, alcohol or cannabis use among people with and without mental disorders." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/935325.
Full textCo-occurring substance use and mental disorders are a major health problem. Substance use disorders are very common among people with mental disorders, cost health care systems large amounts of money and have been consistently linked to a number of adverse consequences among this population. It is clear therefore that effective intervention and preventative strategies are needed to address these co-occurring disorders and it is suggested that a clear understanding of people’s attitudes and perceptions regarding substances is needed to develop such strategies. Very little research investigating the substance related attitudes and perceptions among people with mental disorders exists. The broad aim of this thesis was to generate a greater understanding of attitudes and perceptions regarding tobacco, alcohol and cannabis among people with mental disorders. To address this aim the thesis presents five papers. Paper 1 describes a systematic review of current literature investigating attitudes and perceptions towards tobacco, alcohol and cannabis among people with mental disorders. The review aimed to identify the strengths, weaknesses and gaps in this literature. Paper 2 and Paper 3 describe a study of attitudes and perceptions regarding tobacco, alcohol and cannabis among people with psychotic disorders. This study elicited both quantitative and qualitative data and aimed to identify any similarities and differences between participants’ reasons for tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use. It also aimed to generate some initial insights regarding the perceived effectiveness of anti-tobacco public health campaigns among people with mental disorders. Paper 4 describes a study which investigated reasons for tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use among people with depression or a psychotic disorder. It aimed to identify similarities and differences in reasons for substance use between people with different mental disorders. Paper 5 describes a qualitative study of attitudes and perceptions regarding tobacco, alcohol and cannabis among people with a psychotic disorder, current symptoms of depression or without a mental disorder. The study aimed to generate insights regarding a range of substance related attitudes and perceptions by employing a flexible interview schedule that allowed issues important to the participants to be raised. The concluding chapter of this thesis reviews and synthesizes the main findings of these five papers and discusses their implications for future research and the development of effective intervention and prevention strategies. The findings of this thesis suggest that attitudes and perceptions regarding tobacco, alcohol and cannabis differ considerably. While all three substances were found to be used to cope with stress and to relax, this reason was particularly important for tobacco use among people with and without mental disorders. Social factors were found to play an important role in the alcohol use of people with and without mental disorders, while cannabis was often used as a source of pleasure by people with and without mental disorders. The type of harm these substances were perceived to cause was also found to differ considerably. Very few differences between the attitudes and perceptions of people with and without mental disorders, regarding tobacco, alcohol and cannabis, were found. However, among people with mental disorders specifically, mental health and substance use were perceived to interact. Anti-substance use campaigns were perceived to be ineffective by people both with and without mental disorders. Attitudes and perceptions towards tobacco, alcohol and cannabis were also found to differ between people with a psychotic disorder and people experiencing depression. The findings of this research add considerably to our understanding of the attitudes and perceptions regarding tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use held among people with mental disorders. The findings also suggest that it may be important to tailor intervention and prevention strategies regarding tobacco, alcohol and cannabis by substance type and perhaps type of mental disorder.
Degenhardt, Louisa. "Comorbidity between substance abuse and mental health in Australia : relationships of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use with other substance use and mental disorders /." 2001. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20020823.095252/index.html.
Full textCosta, Ana Sofia Carvalho. "Internship reports and Monograph entitled "Psychotic Disorders and the Use of Cannabis in Adolescents and Young Adults" referring to the Curricular Unit "Internship"." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/99092.
Full textO estágio curricular, parte do plano de estudos do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, é o culminar de uma aprendizagem feita ao longo de cinco anos. É a altura de colocar o conhecimento teórico na prática e também de realizar novas aprendizagens. Durante o estágio curricular tive a oportunidade de conhecer melhor o funcionamento de uma indústria farmacêutica, assim como, de me aperceber da realidade do dia a dia de uma farmácia comunitária. Os dois relatórios de estágio, acompanhados de uma análise SWOT, descrevem o meu percurso tanto na Bluepharma como na Farmácia Moura Glicínias.A psicose é uma doença psiquiátrica grave e incapacitante, que atinge aproximadamente 1% da população mundial, sendo o seu diagnóstico feito, maioritariamente, entre o fim da adolescência e o início da idade adulta. Existem múltiplos fatores de risco, entre os quais história familiar da doença, problemas ao nascimento, situações traumáticas em indivíduos com predisposição à doença e, também, o consumo de drogas recreativas. Dados recentes mostram que o consumo destas drogas tem vindo a crescer ao longo dos anos, especialmente, entre os adolescentes e jovens adultos.A canábis é considerada a droga mais consumida no mundo e o aumento da adesão a esta substância deve-se ao facto de se registar uma crescente legalização a par da diminuição da consciência dos seus malefícios. Estima-se que a população entre os 16 e 24 anos seja a mais propensa a consumir canábis e a sofrer mais com os perigos a ela associados. A adolescência é, por si só, um período crítico para o desenvolvimento cerebral e o consumo indiscriminado desta substância torna-se uma preocupação cada vez maior. O seu uso contínuo nesta faixa etária potencia efeitos negativos a nível emocional e cognitivo, aumentando o risco de desenvolvimento de psicose ou surtos psicóticos.Nesta monografia vai ser discutido o consumo de canábis na adolescência e início da idade adulta como sendo um sério e importante fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de psicoses e também será analisado o impacto que a pandemia COVID-19 teve nestes hábitos de consumo.
The curricular internship that takes part of the curricular plan of the Integrated Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences is the culmination of a five-year studying. It is the time to put into practice the theorical knowledge and also to make new learnings. During the curricular internship I had the opportunity to get to know better the functioning of a pharmaceutical industry as well as to understand the reality of a community pharmacy’s daily life. The two internship reports, accompanied by a SWOT analysis, describe my path both at Bluepharma and at Farmácia Moura Glícinias.Psychotic disorder is a serious and disabling psychiatric illness that affects 1% of the worldwide population and the typical age of onset is between late adolescence and the beginning of adulthood. There are multiple risk factors such as family history of the disease, birth problems, traumatic events and the use of recreative drugs. Recent data shows an increase of the consumption of these drugs, especially among teenagers and young adults.Cannabis is the most consumed drug in the world and the perception of its harm has been decreasing. People are also starting to use it more recurrently due to its ongoing legalization and decreased awareness of its harm. It is estimated that the population between 16 and 24 years is the most likely to consume cannabis and to suffer more from the consequences associated with it. Adolescence by itself is a critical period for brain development and the indiscriminate consumption of this substance is becoming an increasing concern. The continuous consumption in this age group intensifies the negative effects on both emotional and cognitive levels, leading to an increased risk of developing psychosis and experiencing psychotic outbreaks.In this monography, the consumption of cannabis in adolescence and early adulthood is going to be discussed as a serious and important risk factor for psychosis development. The impact that the COVID-19 pandemic had in the Cannabis’s consumption patterns is also going to be analyzed and discussed.
Beaudoin, Mélissa. "Étude de la relation entre la consommation de cannabis et la violence chez les individus atteints de troubles mentaux graves." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23658.
Full textWorldwide, violence is responsible for 2.5% of deaths, besides having an important impact on victims’ physical and mental health. Therefore, it is a priority public health problem. Recent studies of individuals with severe mental illnesses (SMI) have shown that an association exists between cannabis use and violent behaviours. Considering that these individuals are at higher risk of drug consumption and crime than the general population, this discovery is particularly important in the current context of the legalization. My research project therefore aimed to validate and to specify the relationship between cannabis use and violence in SMI individuals. To do so, three studies were conducted. The first one was to report current literature through a meta-analysis. By grouping the studies that calculated such an association among SMI, a moderate association was found between cannabis use and violence. As for the second study, we identified the main dynamic and static risk factors for violence and criminality in SMI; in both cases, cannabis use was one of these factors. The last study confirmed the unidirectional relationship between persistent cannabis use and violence in a population with schizophrenia. Finally, these results will be particularly important in order to formulate relevant clinical recommendations. However, future studies will need to be conducted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this association.
Albrecht, Daniel Strakis. "Assessment of the dopamine system in addiction using positron emission tomography." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/5192.
Full textDrug addiction is a behavioral disorder characterized by impulsive behavior and continued intake of drug in the face of adverse consequences. Millions of people suffer the financial and social consequences of addiction, and yet many of the current therapies for addiction treatment have limited efficacy. Therefore, there is a critical need to characterize the neurobiological substrates of addiction in order to formulate better treatment options. In the first chapter, the striatal dopamine system is interrogated with [11C]raclopride PET to assess differences between chronic cannabis users and healthy controls. The results of this chapter indicate that chronic cannabis use is not associated with a reduction in striatal D2/D3 receptor availability, unlike many other drugs of abuse. Additionally, recent cannabis consumption in chronic users was negatively correlated with D2/D3 receptor availability. Chapter 2 describes a retrospective analysis in which striatal D2/D3 receptor availability is compared between three groups of alcohol-drinking and tobacco-smoking subjects: nontreatment-seeking alcoholic smokers, social-drinking smokers, and social-drinking non-smokers. Results showed that smokers had reduced D2/D3 receptor availability throughout the striatum, independent of drinking status. The results of the first two chapters suggest that some combustion product of marijuana and tobacco smoke may have an effect on striatal dopamine concentration. Furthermore, they serve to highlight the effectiveness of using baseline PET imaging to characterize dopamine dysfunction in addictions. The final chapter explores the use of [18F]fallypride PET in a proof-of-concept study to determine whether changes in cortical dopamine can be detected during a response inhibition task. We were able to detect several cortical regions of significant dopamine changes in response to the task, and the amount of change in three regions was significantly associated with task performance. Overall, the results of Chapter 3 validate the use of [18F]fallypride PET to detect cortical dopamine changes during a impulse control task. In summary, the results reported in the current document demonstrate the effectiveness of PET imaging as a tool for probing resting and activated dopamine systems in addiction. Future studies will expand on these results, and incorporate additional methods to further elucidate the neurobiology of addiction.
Dellazizzo, Laura. "La violence chez les personnes ayant des troubles mentaux : éclaircir les liens entre les troubles mentaux graves, les troubles de personnalité et les abus de substances." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20487.
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