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Journal articles on the topic 'Candidate Reference Material'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Neuer, Günther, Rüdiger Brandt, Kosta Maglić, Nenad Milošević, Gerhard Groboth, and Steffen Rudtsch. "Thermal diffusivity of the candidate standard reference material cordierite." High Temperatures-High Pressures 31, no. 5 (1999): 517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/htrt172.

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2

Forte, Giovanni, Sonia D’Ilio, and Sergio Caroli. "Honey as a Candidate Reference Material for Trace Elements." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 84, no. 6 (November 1, 2001): 1972–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/84.6.1972.

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Abstract The feasibility of producing and certifying new certified reference materials (CRMs) for trace elements in honey was investigated. Preliminary steps for preparation of candidate materials are performed at the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission (EC-JRC-IRMM). Two different types of honey, Acacia and Eucalyptus, were tested for determination of 10 trace elements. To each type of honey was added a given amount of high purity deionized water to obtain aqueous solutions with an acceptable degree of homogeneity which would require only minimal manipulation before analysis. Average values obtained for the trace elements by means of inductively coupled plasma-based techniques were as follows (in μg/kg ± SD): Acacia honey, As, 1.10 ± 0.20; Cd, 0.328 ± 0.035; Cr, 1.90 ± 0.22; Cu, 67.0 ± 5; Fe, 215 ± 30; Hg, < 0.75; Mn, 82.1 ± 6.2; Ni, 21.0 ± 3.0; Pb, 2.30 ± 0.25; Se, 9.10 ± 1.2; Zn, 167 ± 22; Eucalyptus honey, As, 5.99 ± 0.10; Cd, 0.592 ± 0.074; Cr, 1.50 ± 0.07; Cu, 219 ± 24; Fe, 1008 ± 114; Hg, <0.75; Mn, 1009 ± 51; Ni, 11.3 ± 1.5; Pb, 5.00 ± 0.40; Se, 5.60 ± 0.91; Zn, 791 ± 91. When these 2 pilot materials are ready, the certification project will be launched in full compliance with current rules set by EC-JRC-IRMM. If the project is successful, the new CRMs will be put primarily at the disposal of the National Reference Laboratories for trace elements.

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3

Ulrich, J. C., J. E. S. Sarkis, and M. A. Hortellani. "Homogeneity study of candidate reference material in fish matrix." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 575 (January 6, 2015): 012040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/575/1/012040.

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4

Castro, Liliana, Edson G. Moreira, Marina B. A. Vasconcellos, Camila N. Lange, Tatiana Pedron, and Bruno L. Batista. "Stability assessment of a bovine kidney reference-material candidate." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 317, no. 2 (May 31, 2018): 1133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-018-5928-8.

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5

Diepeveen, Laura E., Coby M. M. Laarakkers, Gustavo Martos, Marta E. Pawlak, Fatih F. Uğuz, Kim E. S. A. Verberne, Rachel P. L. van Swelm, et al. "Provisional standardization of hepcidin assays: creating a traceability chain with a primary reference material, candidate reference method and a commutable secondary reference material." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 57, no. 6 (May 27, 2019): 864–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-0783.

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Abstract Background Hepcidin concentrations measured by various methods differ considerably, complicating interpretation. Here, a previously identified plasma-based candidate secondary reference material (csRM) was modified into a serum-based two-leveled sRM. We validated its functionality to increase the equivalence between methods for international standardization. Methods We applied technical procedures developed by the International Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results. The sRM, consisting of lyophilized serum with cryolyoprotectant, appeared commutable among nine different measurement procedures using 16 native human serum samples in a first round robin (RR1). Harmonization potential of the sRM was simulated in RR1 and evaluated in practice in RR2 among 11 measurement procedures using three native human plasma samples. Comprehensive purity analysis of a candidate primary RM (cpRM) was performed by state of the art procedures. The sRM was value assigned with an isotope dilution mass spectrometry-based candidate reference method calibrated using the certified pRM. Results The inter-assay CV without harmonization was 42.1% and 52.8% in RR1 and RR2, respectively. In RR1, simulation of harmonization with sRM resulted in an inter-assay CV of 11.0%, whereas in RR2 calibration with the material resulted in an inter-assay CV of 19.1%. Both the sRM and pRM passed international homogeneity criteria and showed long-term stability. We assigned values to the low (0.95±0.11 nmol/L) and middle concentration (3.75±0.17 nmol/L) calibrators of the sRM. Conclusions Standardization of hepcidin is possible with our sRM, which value is assigned by a pRM. We propose the implementation of this material as an international calibrator for hepcidin.

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6

Nogueira, Raquel, Eliane Cristina Pires do Rego, Marcus Vinicius Barreto Sousa, Wagner Wollinger, Thaís Elias da Silva, Gabriela Fernandes Moreira, Juliano Smanioto Barin, et al. "Development studies of captopril certified reference material." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 47, no. 2 (June 2011): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502011000200015.

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This paper describes the studies performed with the candidate Certified Reference Material (CRM) of captopril, the first CRM of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in Brazil, including determination of impurities (organic, inorganic and volatiles), homogeneity testing, short- and long-term stability studies, calculation of captopril content using the mass balance approach, and estimation of the associated measurement uncertainty.

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7

Bianchi, S. R., A. M. J. Peixoto, G. B. Souza, R. R. Tullio, and A. R. A. Nogueira. "Production and characterization of a bovine liver candidate reference material." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 733 (July 2016): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/733/1/012006.

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8

Zeisler, R., R. L. Paul, R. Oflaz Spatz, L. L. Yu, J. L. Mann, W. R. Kelly, B. E. Lang, S. D. Leigh, and J. Fagan. "Elemental analysis of a single-wall carbon nanotube candidate reference material." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 399, no. 1 (October 15, 2010): 509–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-4275-6.

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9

Pauwels, J., U. Kurf�rst, K. H. Grobecker, and P. Quevauviller. "Microhomogeneity study of BCR candidate reference material CRM-422 ? cod muscle." Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry 345, no. 7 (1993): 478–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00326336.

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10

Yuanxun, Zhang, Qian Yine, Li Deyi, Wang Yinsong, and Wang Xuepeng. "Development of IAEA-386 bovine liver candidate reference material in SINR." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 231, no. 1-2 (May 1998): 195–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02388033.

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11

Ihnat, Milan, Richard Cloutier, and Darrell Wood. "Reference materials for agricultural and food analysis: Preparation and physical characterization of a bovine muscle powder candidate reference material." Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 326, no. 7 (January 1987): 627–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00473517.

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12

Xing, Dorothy, Carl Heinz Wirsing von König, Penny Newland, Marion Riffelmann, Bruce D. Meade, Michael Corbel, and Rose Gaines-Das. "Characterization of Reference Materials for Human Antiserum to Pertussis Antigens by an International Collaborative Study." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 16, no. 3 (December 24, 2008): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00372-08.

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ABSTRACT Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been widely used to evaluate antibody responses to pertussis vaccination and infection. A common reference serum is essential for the standardization of these assays. However, no internationally recognized reference serum is available. At the request of the Expert Committee on Biological Standardization (ECBS) of the World Health Organization (WHO), a set of four candidate international standards has been prepared. These candidate materials have been assessed for suitability and compared to the widely used U.S. reference pertussis antiserum (human) lot 3, lot 4, and lot 5 by 22 laboratories from 15 countries in an international collaborative study. Laboratories measured immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies to pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin (PRN), and fimbriae (Fim2&3) using their established immunoassays. The results of this study showed each of the four candidates to be suitable as an international standard. With the agreement of the participants, a recommendation has been made to the ECBS that the candidate material coded 06/140 be established as the First International Standard for pertussis antiserum (human), with the following assigned international units (IU): IgG anti-PT, 335 IU/ampoule; IgA anti-PT, 65 IU/ampoule; IgG anti-FHA, 130 IU/ampoule; IgA anti-FHA, 65 IU/ampoule; IgG anti-PRN, 65 IU/ampoule; and IgA anti-PRN, 42 IU/ampoule. No formal units have been proposed for anti-Fim2&3 because most assays used a mixture of fimbrial antigens. In addition, the candidate material coded 06/142 has been proposed as a WHO working preparation for characterization of assay systems.

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13

Lowhorn, N. D., W. Wong-Ng, W. Zhang, Z. Q. Lu, M. Otani, E. Thomas, M. Green, et al. "Round-robin measurements of two candidate materials for a Seebeck coefficient Standard Reference Material™." Applied Physics A 94, no. 2 (September 27, 2008): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-008-4876-5.

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14

Sin, Della W. M., Pui-kwan Chan, Samuel T. C. Cheung, Yee-Lok Wong, Siu-kay Wong, Chuen-shing Mok, and Yiu-chung Wong. "Development of a candidate certified reference material of cypermethrin in green tea." Analytica Chimica Acta 721 (April 2012): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2012.01.030.

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15

Moreira, E. G., M. B. A. Vasconcellos, R. G. Santos, and J. R. Martinelli. "Element content and particle size characterization of a mussel candidate reference material." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 303, no. 1 (July 27, 2014): 783–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3379-4.

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16

Moreira, Edson Gonçalves, M. B. A. Vasconcellos, M. G. M. Catharino, V. A. Maihara, and M. Saiki. "Long-term stability study on a Perna perna mussel candidate reference material." Accreditation and Quality Assurance 15, no. 4 (February 2, 2010): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00769-009-0628-2.

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17

Jakupciak, John P., Peter E. Barker, Wendy Wang, Sudhir Srivastava, and Donald H. Atha. "Preparation and Characterization of Candidate Reference Materials for Telomerase Assays." Clinical Chemistry 51, no. 8 (August 1, 2005): 1443–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2004.044727.

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Abstract Background: Telomerase has been measured in body fluids of cancer patients, and clinical tests for telomerase may have utility as noninvasive, cost-effective methods for the early detection of cancer. However, telomerase activity measured by common methods such as the telomerase repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) and telomerase reverse transcriptase catalytic subunit (hTERT) mRNA by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) varies among laboratories. Methods: We prepared a CHAPS buffer lysate from cultured A549 cells and stored it at −80 °C. Telomerase activity was measured by TRAP/PCR and real-time TRAP/PCR in conjunction with RT-PCR measurements of hTERT mRNA. Activity measured with use of the robot-assisted TRAP (RApidTRAP) multicapillary electrophoresis system was compared with single-capillary and slab-gel measurements in the range 10 to 10 000 cell equivalents. Results: Preparations made after flash freezing and sonication of cells were ∼3-fold more active. Although the slab-gel and capillary instruments detected telomerase activity, the multicapillary instrument was better suited for high-throughput studies. Measurements of telomerase by TRAP/real-time PCR and hTERT mRNA/RT-PCR yielded reproducible titrations in the range 10 to 10 000 cell equivalents (CVs, 1%–8% and 1%–3%, respectively). Conclusions: We have prepared and characterized a candidate reference material that appears to be suitable for use in a wide range of assays of telomerase activity and expression.

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18

Aryana, Nurhani, Yosi Aristiawan, Dillani Putri, and Dyah Styarini. "Development of Candidate Reference Materials of Endosulfan Sulfate and Bifenthrin in Black Tea." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 16, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21180.

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The candidate reference materials of endosulfan sulfate and bifenthrin in black tea have been developed according to the requirements of ISO Guide 34 and 35. Preparation of candidate material includes grinding and sieving of the black tea leaves, spiking the black tea powder by both analytes, homogenization, and bottling. Homogeneity and short-term stability test were performed using a GC-µECD instrument. Meanwhile, the characterization was carried out by a collaborative study using both of GC-µECD and GC-MS instruments. The uncertainty budget was evaluated from sample inhomogeneity, short-term instability and variability in the characterization procedure. In a dry mass fraction, endosulfan sulfate was assigned to be 491 µg kg-1 with a relative expanded uncertainty of ± 33.2%, and bifenthrin was assigned to be 937 µg kg-1 with a relative expanded uncertainty of ± 18.5%. The candidate reference materials are aimed to support the need of matrix CRM especially for the measurement of pesticide residue for quality assurance work done by laboratories in Indonesia.

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19

YOSHINAGA, Jun, Atsushi TANAKA, Takejiro TAKAMATSU, Masatoshi MORITA, and Kensaku OKAMOTO. "Element Concentrations in NIES Candidate Marine Sediment Certified Reference Material. Reference Values for Major and Trace Elements." Analytical Sciences 12, no. 6 (1996): 993–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analsci.12.993.

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20

Jones, Roger W., and John F. McClelland. "Phase References and Cell Effects in Photoacoustic Spectroscopy." Applied Spectroscopy 55, no. 10 (October 2001): 1360–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702011953487.

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In Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) photoacoustic spectroscopy, advanced scanning and data-handling techniques have placed increasing emphasis on the phase of the photoacoustic signal. Unfortunately, there is no agreement on the best material to use as a phase reference. We have examined the frequency dependence of the signal from several candidate phase references and found that cell effects dominate the absolute phases and magnitudes observed. The absolute phase is exceptionally fast at low frequencies and exceptionally slow at high frequencies because of the cell effects. Accordingly, details such as sample position must be scrupulously controlled to achieve accurate, reproducible results. Because of the cell effects, no candidate material behaves like an ideal phase reference. If relative phases are used, however, glassy carbon comes closest to the ideal, differing from theory by no more than 8° at any frequency examined.

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21

Gao, De-Xin, Can Quan, Wei Zhang, Hong-Mei Li, Ting Huang, Yong-Yue Sun, Ting Yan, and Jin-Biao Liu. "Purification of folic acid candidate reference material by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography." Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies 40, no. 8 (May 9, 2017): 419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10826076.2017.1318397.

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22

Ballihaut, Guillaume, Lisa E. Kilpatrick, Eric L. Kilpatrick, and W. Clay Davis. "Multiple forms of selenoprotein P in a candidate human plasma standard reference material." Metallomics 4, no. 6 (2012): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2mt20059g.

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23

Koesmawati, T. A., Buchari, and J. Ng. "Total arsenic in tuna fish candidate reference material preparations: Homogeneity and stability testing." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 160 (June 2018): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/160/1/012022.

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24

Korhammer, S., H. D. Isengard, N. Langer, E. Denzel, B. Markert, H. Muntau, R. Herzig, and Ph Quevauviller. "Investigations on the water content of candidate reference material CRM 679 cabbage powder." Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry 368, no. 7 (November 20, 2000): 664–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160000572.

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25

Zeleny, Reinhard, Håkan Emteborg, and Heinz Schimmel. "Assessment of commutability for candidate certified reference material ERM-BB130 “chloramphenicol in pork”." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 398, no. 3 (July 28, 2010): 1457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-010-4022-z.

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26

dos Santos, Ana Maria Pinto, Liz Oliveira dos Santos, Geovani Cardoso Brandao, Danilo Junqueira Leao, Alfredo Victor Bellido Bernedo, Ricardo Tadeu Lopes, and Valfredo Azevedo Lemos. "Homogeneity study of a corn flour laboratory reference material candidate for inorganic analysis." Food Chemistry 178 (July 2015): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.024.

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27

van der Vorm, Lisa N., Jan C. M. Hendriks, Coby M. Laarakkers, Siem Klaver, Andrew E. Armitage, Alison Bamberg, Anneke J. Geurts-Moespot, et al. "Toward Worldwide Hepcidin Assay Harmonization: Identification of a Commutable Secondary Reference Material." Clinical Chemistry 62, no. 7 (July 1, 2016): 993–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2016.256768.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Absolute plasma hepcidin concentrations measured by various procedures differ substantially, complicating interpretation of results and rendering reference intervals method dependent. We investigated the degree of equivalence achievable by harmonization and the identification of a commutable secondary reference material to accomplish this goal. METHODS We applied technical procedures to achieve harmonization developed by the Consortium for Harmonization of Clinical Laboratory Results. Eleven plasma hepcidin measurement procedures (5 mass spectrometry based and 6 immunochemical based) quantified native individual plasma samples (n = 32) and native plasma pools (n = 8) to assess analytical performance and current and achievable equivalence. In addition, 8 types of candidate reference materials (3 concentrations each, n = 24) were assessed for their suitability, most notably in terms of commutability, to serve as secondary reference material. RESULTS Absolute hepcidin values and reproducibility (intrameasurement procedure CVs 2.9%–8.7%) differed substantially between measurement procedures, but all were linear and correlated well. The current equivalence (intermeasurement procedure CV 28.6%) between the methods was mainly attributable to differences in calibration and could thus be improved by harmonization with a common calibrator. Linear regression analysis and standardized residuals showed that a candidate reference material consisting of native lyophilized plasma with cryolyoprotectant was commutable for all measurement procedures. Mathematically simulated harmonization with this calibrator resulted in a maximum achievable equivalence of 7.7%. CONCLUSIONS The secondary reference material identified in this study has the potential to substantially improve equivalence between hepcidin measurement procedures and contributes to the establishment of a traceability chain that will ultimately allow standardization of hepcidin measurement results.

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Yulirohyami, Habibi Hidayat, Aprisilia Rizky Wijaya, and Is Fatimah. "Papain Enzyme Assisted Extraction of Virgin Coconut Oil as Candidate In-House Reference Material." Processes 10, no. 2 (February 6, 2022): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10020315.

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This study concerns papain enzyme assisted synthesis of virgin coconut oil (VCO) as a candidate in-house reference material. The study was conducted to obtain optimization of the VCO preparation with green processes as the standardized product which high stability and homogeneity. The method is expected to produce the candidate of in-house reference material to ensure the standards and quality of the VCO product. Based on the results of this study, the preparation of VCO was carried out using the papain. An optimum yield of 24.30%. was achieved under the following conditions: enzyme to coconut milk with a mass ratio of 0.6 g/L, under 500 mL water/g of coconut powder, at the temperature of 70 °C by five stages of extraction. The physicochemical properties as well as organoleptic feature of VCO which consist water content, peroxide number, free fatty acids, and iodine numbers are fit with the standard. The parameters exhibited the homogeneity and stability which be able recommended as candidate in-house reference material and have potentially as antibacterial agent. Antibacterial activity test showed that VCO has potential against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Propionibacterium acnes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as shown by the inhibition zone in the testing.

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29

Kurniawati, Eti, Bustami Ibrahim, and Desniar Desniar. "Potency of Catfish (Clarias sp.) Protein Hydrolysates as Candidates Matrices for Microbiology Reference Material." Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology 14, no. 3 (December 30, 2019): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/squalen.v14i3.404.

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Fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) is a derivative product of fish proteins containing smaller peptides and amino acids. FPH products have high water solubility, good emulsion capacity, and large expanding ability. With its functional properties, it allows FPH to be used as a raw material in the manufacturing of secondary microbiological reference materials. This study was intended to characterize catfish (Clarias sp.) FPH as a candidate for the matrix of microbial secondary reference. The FPH was prepared through enzymatic hydrolysis, freeze-drying and milling. The hydrolysis processes were carried out using 5% (w/w) papain, 55 °C for 5 hours, then the papain activity was stopped by increasing the temperature to 80 °C for 20 minutes.The FPH was combined with gelatine, sodium glutamate, glucose solution, and was spiked with Salmonella enteritica sv Enteritidis and freeze-dried. Results showed that catfish FPH was yellowish-white powder with a FPH yield of 11.05%. The proximate analysis of FPH revealed the moisture content of 3.77 ± 0.12%, ash content of 7.26 ± 0.03%, protein content of 86.09 ± 0.17%, and fat content of 1.38 ± 0.07%. The protein content of the FPH was greater than skim milk (33.42%). Carbohydrate levels of catfish FPH and skim milk were 1.56% and 57.46%, respectively. The best concentration of catfish FPH to perform as a microbiological reference material was 14%, obtained from highest viability of Salmonella bacteria and homogeny. The candidate for reference material were stable at storage temperatures of -20 oC.

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30

Marcovina, S. M., J. J. Albers, F. Dati, T. B. Ledue, and R. F. Ritchie. "International Federation of Clinical Chemistry standardization project for measurements of apolipoproteins A-I and B." Clinical Chemistry 37, no. 10 (October 1, 1991): 1676–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/37.10.1676.

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Abstract To minimize differences in apolipoprotein measurements among laboratories and methods, a standardization program involving common suitable reference material is needed. The Committee on Apolipoproteins of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry initiated a collaborative study for the standardization of test systems for measuring apolipoproteins (apo) A-I and B, with 25 company laboratories and three research laboratories involved in apolipoprotein analysis to: (a) evaluate calibration differences among the test systems; (b) evaluate whether comparability of the data can be achieved with the use of frozen serum pools to recalibrate the different systems; and (c) evaluate and select suitable candidate reference material. We used 26 test systems for apo A-I and 28 for apo B. Relatively modest differences were found in calibration for apo A-I, but very wide differences were observed for apo B methods. After uniform calibration, the overall among-laboratory CV for apo B decreased from 19% to 6%. Three lyophilized serum preparations for apo A-I and three liquid-stabilized serum preparations for apo B were selected for further evaluation as candidate international reference materials.

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31

Ciardullo, S., A. Held, M. D’Amato, H. Emons, and S. Caroli. "Homogeneity and stability study of the candidate reference material Adamussium colbecki for trace elements." Journal of Environmental Monitoring 7, no. 12 (2005): 1295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b507318a.

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32

Ballihaut, Guillaume, Lisa E. Kilpatrick, and W. Clay Davis. "Detection, Identification, and Quantification of Selenoproteins in a Candidate Human Plasma Standard Reference Material." Analytical Chemistry 83, no. 22 (November 15, 2011): 8667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac2021147.

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33

Kato, Lilian Seiko, Elisabete A. De Nadai Fernandes, Márcio Arruda Bacchi, Camila Elias, Silvana R. Vicino Sarriés, Gabriel Adrián Sarriés, and Paula Sancinetti Modolo. "Instrumental neutron activation analysis for assessing homogeneity of a whole rice candidate reference material." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 297, no. 2 (December 30, 2012): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-012-2391-9.

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34

Mena, Mariluz L., and Cameron W. McLeod. "Mercury species immobilized on sulphydryl cotton: A new candidate reference material for mercury speciation." Mikrochimica Acta 123, no. 1-4 (March 1996): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01244383.

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35

Armishaw, P., and Roderick Millar. "A natural matrix (pureed tomato) candidate reference material containing residue concentrations of pesticide chemicals." Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry 370, no. 2-3 (June 1, 2001): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160100779.

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36

Castro, Liliana, Edson G. Moreira, and Marina B. A. Vasconcellos. "Use of INAA in the homogeneity evaluation of a bovine kidney candidate reference material." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 311, no. 2 (August 17, 2016): 1291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-016-4998-8.

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37

Tagliaferro, F. S., E. A. De Nadai Fernandes, and M. A. Bacchi. "Quality assessment of organic coffee beans for the preparation of a candidate reference material." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 269, no. 2 (August 2006): 371–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-006-0394-0.

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38

Szántó, Zs, M. Hult, U. Wätjen, and T. Altzitzoglou. "Current radioactivity content of wild edible mushrooms: A candidate for an environmental reference material." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 273, no. 1 (June 17, 2007): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-007-0730-z.

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39

Liu, Yu, Dewei Song, Bei Xu, Hongmei Li, Xinhua Dai, and Baorong Chen. "Development of a matrix-based candidate reference material of total homocysteine in human serum." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 409, no. 13 (March 7, 2017): 3329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-017-0272-3.

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40

Davighi, Andrea, Richard L. Burguete, Mara Feligiotti, Erwin Hack, Simon James, Eann A. Patterson, Thorsten Siebert, and Maurice P. Whelan. "The Development of a Reference Material for Calibration of Full-Field Optical Measurement Systems for Dynamic Deformation Measurements." Applied Mechanics and Materials 70 (August 2011): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.70.33.

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A reference material is defined as material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable with respect to one or more specified properties, which has been established to be fit for its intended use in a measurement process. Reference materials provide a simple definition of the measured quantity that can be traced to an international standard and can be used to assess the uncertainty associated with a measurement system. Previous work established a reference material and procedure for calibrating full-field optical systems suitable for measuring static, in-plane strain distributions. Efforts are now underway to extend this work to the calibration of systems capable of measuring three-dimensional deformation fields induced by dynamic loading. The important attributes for a dynamic reference material have been identified in a systematic and rational fashion, which have been subsequently translated into a generic design specification. Initial prototypes of candidate designs have been produced and evaluated using experimental modal analysis and digital speckle interferometry, and the results have been compared with finite element analyses. Based on the outcome of this initial evaluation, further refinements in design and manufacturing are proposed.

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Yushina, A. A., and M. K. Alenichev. "Reference materials for optic nanosensor systems: reduced glutathione and chloramphenicol." Measurement Standards. Reference Materials 17, no. 1 (May 8, 2021): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20915/2687-0886-2021-17-1-59-69.

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The research provides enterprise reference material (ERM) development approach for nanosensor system on the basis of dynamic light scattering and fluorescence for qualitative and quantitative determination of nutrition pollutant - chloramphenicol antibiotic (laevomycetin), as well as marker of ischaemic stroke and a number of other diseases - reduced glutathione.ERM candidate materials were chosen chloramphenicol and reduced glutathione. The attestation procedure based on calculating-experimental approach by preparation procedure was used to determine the certified value of ERM. During the tests there were determined metrological characteristics of reference material. The certified value of ERM for reduced glutathione mass fraction is 98,5 %, the expanded uncertainty of certified value with coverage factor k=2 is ± 0,3 %. The certified value of ERM for chloramphenicol mass concentration is 10,0 g/dm3, the expanded uncertainty of certified value with coverage factor k = 2 is ± 4,0 %.The implementation of the developed ERMs showed their appropriateness for optic nanosensor systems calibration on the base of dynamic light scattering and fluorescence.We suppose that the developed enterprise reference materials further may be certified as CRM (certified reference material) and used for verification, calibration and graduation of compact detection devices of the «point of care diagnostics» type under development, which are intended for express analysis on the sampling site directly.

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STYARINI, Dyah, and Jarnuzi GUNLAZUARDI. "FEASIBILITY STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF REFERENCE MATERIAL OF PESTICIDE IN BLACK TEA." Periódico Tchê Química 14, no. 27 (January 20, 2017): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v14.n27.2017.146_periodico27_pgs_146_154.pdf.

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In this paper, a study on development of reference material (RM) for α-endosulfan and bifenthrin in black tea as a matrix is reported. The study was conducted on the basis that such RMs was presently not available in Indonesia. To obtain a good and proper RM, a feasibility study of RM development is extremely required. The RM was firstly prepared by grinding the tea leaf to have particle size of about 150-106 μm and water content of about 5.99%. A small portion of the grinded tea leaf was then spiked with hexane solution containing both target analytes at certain concentrations, followed by a proper drying to obtain initial candidate of RM (iCRM). The iCRM was then well-mixed properly with another portion of non-spiked grinded tea material to get final candidate reference material (fCRM) powder. A gas chromatography equipped with electron capture detector was used for analyte identification and the feasibility of the method was evaluated in term of spiking technique and homogenization process. The evaluation by ANOVA showed that fCRM was statistically considered to be homogeneous and having α-endosulfan and bifentrin mass fraction ± U of 380.32 (±120.32) ng.g-1 and 522.74 (±148.65) ng.g-1 in dry weight basis, respectively.

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Albers, J. J., S. M. Marcovina, and H. Kennedy. "International Federation of Clinical Chemistry Standardization Project for Measurements of Apolipoproteins A-I and B. II. Evaluation and Selection of Candidate Reference Materials." Clinical Chemistry 38, no. 5 (May 1, 1992): 658–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/38.5.658.

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Abstract The first phase of an international collaborative study for standardization of test systems for measuring apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and apo B demonstrated that uniformity of apo A-I and apo B measurements can be achieved if suitable common reference materials are used to calibrate the different systems. The objective of the second phase was to evaluate the linearity and parallelism or proportionality of the candidate reference materials selected in phase one and to determine whether any of them could be proposed as international reference materials. We evaluated the proposed reference materials with 37 test systems for apo A-I and 38 for apo B, involving 23 manufacturers and five research laboratories. Two lyophilized preparations were proposed for apo A-I, SP1 from Behringwerke AG and SP2 from Daiichi Pure Chemicals Co., and two liquid preparations were proposed for apo B, SP3 from Behringwerke AG and SP4 from Reagents Applications. The linearity of the candidate reference materials was compared with the linearity of a frozen serum pool or interim serum reference material distributed to all the participants and with that of a fresh serum pool prepared by each participant. SP1 and SP3 exhibited linearity and parallelism similar to that of the fresh frozen serum pool and had among-laboratory CVs less than or similar to those obtained on normolipidemic serum samples (approximately 6% for apo A-I and approximately 7% for apo B).

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Kalceff, Walter, James P. Cline, and Robert B. Von Dreele. "Size/Strain Broadening Analysis of SRM 676 Candidate Materials." Advances in X-ray Analysis 37 (1993): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800015858.

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AbstractA project was undertaken to compare the Williamson-Hall and Fourier teclrniques for analyzing particle-size and micro-strain induced x-ray line profile broadening. The four alumina powders analyzed in the study were the candidates from which SRM 676, a quantitative analysis Standard Reference Material, was chosen. SRM 660 (LaB6) was used to determine the instrument profile function, IPF. However, difficulty was encountered in fitting an appropriate mathematical model to the IPF data; this prevented the application of Fourier analysis methods and restricted the number of profiles that could be analyzed with the Williamson-Hall method. The size/stain data compared favorably with other microstructural data collected on these specimens.

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Lu, Z. Q. J., N. D. Lowhorn, W. Wong-Ng, W. Zhang, E. L. Thomas, M. Otani, M. L. Green, et al. "Statistical Analysis of a Round-Robin Measurement Survey of Two Candidate Materials for a Seebeck Coefficient Standard Reference Material." Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 114, no. 1 (January 2009): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/jres.114.004.

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Place, Benjamin J. "Evaluation of Method-Specific Extraction Variability for the Measurement of Fatty Acids in a Candidate Infant/Adult Nutritional Formula Reference Material." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 100, no. 3 (May 1, 2017): 814–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.16-0356.

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Abstract To address community needs, the National Institute of Standards and Technology has developed a candidate Standard Reference Material (SRM) for infant/adult nutritional formula based on milk and whey protein concentrates with isolated soy protein called SRM 1869 Infant/Adult Nutritional Formula. One major component of this candidate SRM is the fatty acid content. In this study, multiple extraction techniques were evaluated to quantify the fatty acids in this new material. Extraction methods that were based on lipid extraction followed by transesterification resulted in lower mass fraction values for all fatty acids than the values measured by methods utilizing in situ transesterification followed by fatty acid methyl ester extraction (ISTE). An ISTE method, based on the identifiedoptimal parameters, was used to determine the fatty acid content of the new infant/adult nutritional formula reference material.

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Barbante, Carlo, Giulio Cozzi, Gabriele Capodaglio, and Paolo Cescon. "Trace element determination in a candidate reference material (Antarctic Krill) by ICP-sector field MS." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 15, no. 4 (2000): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a907403a.

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Rego, Eliane Cristina Pires do, Evelyn de Freitas Guimarães, Janaína Marques Rodrigues, Renata Cristina Scarlato, Regina Isabel Nogueira, and Annibal Duarte Pereira Netto. "Feasibility study for development of candidate reference material for food analysis: Chloramphenicol in milk powder." Measurement 98 (February 2017): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2016.05.009.

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Zeisler, Rolf, Vladimir Strachnov, Helmut Perschke, and Robert Dekner. "The preparation of a cabbage candidate reference material to be certified for residues of agrochemicals." Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry 345, no. 2-4 (1993): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00322589.

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Kiełbasa, Anna, and Bogusław Buszewski. "River bottom sediment from the Vistula as matrix of candidate for a new reference material." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 142 (August 2017): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.03.007.

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