Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cancer – Risk factors – New South Wales

Academic literature on the topic 'Cancer – Risk factors – New South Wales'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cancer – Risk factors – New South Wales"

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McCredie, M., and J. H. Stewart. "Risk factors for kidney cancer in New South Wales. IV. Occupation." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 50, no. 4 (April 1, 1993): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.50.4.349.

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McCredie, Margaret, and J. H. Stewart. "Risk factors for kidney cancer in New South Wales—I. Cigarette smoking." European Journal of Cancer 28, no. 12 (January 1992): 2050–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-8049(92)90254-y.

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McCredie, Margaret, and J. H. Stewart. "Risk factors for kidney cancer in New South Wales, Australia. II. Urologic disease, hypertension, obesity, and hormonal factors." Cancer Causes and Control 3, no. 4 (July 1992): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00146885.

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Grulich, Andrew E., Veronique Bataille, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Julia A. Newton-Bishop, Jack Cuzick, Peter Hersey, and William H. McCarthy. "Naevi and pigmentary characteristics as risk factors for melanoma in a high-risk population: A case-control study in new South Wales, Australia." International Journal of Cancer 67, no. 4 (August 7, 1996): 485–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19960807)67:4<485::aid-ijc4>3.0.co;2-o.

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Dessaix, A. "Implementation Learnings From a Cancer-Prevention Multirisk Factor Public Education Campaign." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 133s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.50200.

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Background and context: The Cancer Council New South Wales (CCNSW) is one of Australia's leading cancer charities and is uniquely 95% community funded. Cancer prevention is one of five strategic priority areas for CCNSW. An estimated to 37,000 cancer cases are preventable each year in Australia; 33% of cancers in men and 31% in women. The CCNSW developed and implemented the 1 in 3 Cancers Campaign in 2016, the first Australian multirisk factor cancer prevention campaign. This was also the organization's first experience in implementing a social marketing mass media campaign. Over two years, the campaign's primary objective was to raise awareness that one in three cancers are preventable, to highlight why preventing cancer is important and practical steps for prevention. Aim: To undertake an organizational review of internal learnings from the development, implementation and evaluation of the 1 in 3 Cancers Campaign and make recommendations for future campaign practice. Strategy/Tactics: Cross-organizational perspectives were provided from 20 Cancer Council staff from the areas of cancer prevention, research, fundraising and community engagement through a one-day workshop. Program/Policy process: Workshop participants: 1) reviewed best practice social marketing processes, 2) reviewed published evidence on mass media public education campaigns, 3) against this framework, determined internal organizational learnings from the 1 in 3 Cancers Campaign and made recommendations for future practice. Outcomes: A summary report of key lessons learnt from the implementation of the 1 in 3 Cancers Campaign and recommendations for future practice. What was learned: Areas of strengths were identified including cross-organizational collaboration, the development of an interactive cancer risk quiz, good community awareness of the campaign and key message take out. Areas for improvement included the need for greater resource investment (namely staff capacity, skills and budget), greater lead times for thorough campaign planning and the need to focus on singular behavioral cancer risk factors in communication messaging rather than multiple risk factors. The workshop concluded that well-planned, well-resourced mass media campaigns were an important evidence-based strategy for future cancer prevention practice.
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Luo, Lan, Wei Du, Shanley Chong, Huibo Ji, and Nicholas Glasgow. "Patterns of comorbidities in hospitalised cancer survivors for palliative care and associated in-hospital mortality risk: A latent class analysis of a statewide all-inclusive inpatient data." Palliative Medicine 33, no. 10 (July 12, 2019): 1272–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216319860705.

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Background: At the end of life, cancer survivors often experience exacerbations of complex comorbidities requiring acute hospital care. Few studies consider comorbidity patterns in cancer survivors receiving palliative care. Aim: To identify patterns of comorbidities in cancer patients receiving palliative care and factors associated with in-hospital mortality risk. Design, Setting/Participants: New South Wales Admitted Patient Data Collection data were used for this retrospective cohort study with 47,265 cancer patients receiving palliative care during the period financial year 2001–2013. A latent class analysis was used to identify complex comorbidity patterns. A regression mixture model was used to identify risk factors in relation to in-hospital mortality in different latent classes. Results: Five comorbidity patterns were identified: ‘multiple comorbidities and symptoms’ (comprising 9.1% of the study population), ‘more symptoms’ (27.1%), ‘few comorbidities’ (39.4%), ‘genitourinary and infection’ (8.7%), and ‘circulatory and endocrine’ (15.6%). In-hospital mortality was the highest for ‘few comorbidities’ group and the lowest for ‘more symptoms’ group. Severe comorbidities were associated with elevated mortality in patients from ‘multiple comorbidities and symptoms’, ‘more symptoms’, and ‘genitourinary and infection’ groups. Intensive care was associated with a 37% increased risk of in-hospital deaths in those presenting with more ‘multiple comorbidities and symptoms’, but with a 22% risk reduction in those presenting with ‘more symptoms’. Conclusion: Identification of comorbidity patterns and risk factors for in-hospital deaths in cancer patients provides an avenue to further develop appropriate palliative care strategies aimed at improving outcomes in cancer survivors.
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Reeders, Jocelyn, Vivek Ashoka Menon, Anita Mani, and Mathew George. "Clinical Profiles and Survival Outcomes of Patients With Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors at a Health Network in New South Wales, Australia: Retrospective Study." JMIR Cancer 5, no. 2 (November 20, 2019): e12849. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/12849.

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Background Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies with varying and often indolent clinicobiological characteristics according to their primary location. NETs can affect any organ and hence present with nonspecific symptoms that can lead to a delay in diagnosis. The incidence of NETs is increasing in Australia; data regarding characteristics of NETs were collected from the cancer registry of Hunter New England, Australia. Objective This study aimed to explore the clinical profiles and treatment and survival outcomes of patients with well-differentiated NETs in an Australian population. Methods We reviewed the data of all adult patients who received the diagnosis of NET between 2008 and 2013. The clinicopathological, treatment, and follow-up data were extracted from the local Cancer Clinical Registry. We also recorded the level of remoteness for each patient by matching the patient’s residential postcode to the corresponding Australian Bureau of Statistics 2011 remoteness area category. Univariate analysis was used to find the factors associated with NET-related mortality. Survival analysis was computed. Results Data from 96 patients were included in the study (men: 37/96, 38.5%, and women: 59/96, 61.5%). The median age at diagnosis was approximately 63 years. A higher proportion of patients lived in remote/rural areas (50/96, 52.1%) compared with those living in city/metropolitan regions (46/96, 47.9%). The most common primary tumor site was the gastroenteropancreatic tract, followed by the lung. The factors significantly associated with NET-related mortality were age, primary tumor site, surgical resection status, tumor grade, and clinical stage of the patient. At 5 years, the overall survival rate was found to be 62%, and the disease-free survival rate was 56.5%. Conclusions Older age, advanced unresectable tumors, evidence of metastasis, and higher-grade tumors were associated with poorer outcomes. Lung tumors had a higher risk of NET-related mortality compared with other sites.
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Mateos, Marion K., Toby N. Trahair, Chelsea Mayoh, Pasquale M. Barbaro, Rosemary Sutton, Tamas Revesz, Draga Barbaric, et al. "Clinical Predictors of Venous Thromboembolism during Therapy for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.1182.1182.

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Abstract Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an unpredictable and life-threatening toxicity that occurs early in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy. The incidence is approximately 5% in children diagnosed with ALL [Caruso et al. Blood. 2006;108(7):2216-22], which is higher than in other pediatric cancer types [Athale et al. Pediatric Blood & Cancer. 2008;51(6):792-7]. Clinical risk factors for VTE in children during ALL therapy include older age and the use of asparaginase. We hypothesized that there may be additional risk factors that can modify VTE risk, beyond those previously reported [Mitchell et al. Blood. 2010;115(24):4999-5004]. We sought to define early predictive clinical factors that could select a group of children at highest risk of VTE, with possible utility in an interventional trial of prophylactic anticoagulation. We conducted a retrospective study of 1021 Australian children, aged 1-18 years, treated between 1998-2013 on successive BFM-based ALL therapies. Patient records were reviewed to ascertain incidence of VTE; and to systematically document clinical variables present at diagnosis and during induction/consolidation phases of therapy. The CTCAE v4.03 system was used for grading of VTE events. Multivariate logistic and cox regression were used to determine significant clinical risk factors associated with VTE (SPSS v23.0). All P values were 2-tailed, significance level <.05. The incidence of on-treatment VTE was 5.09% [96% ≥Grade 2 (CTCAE v4.0)]. Age ≥10 years [P =.048, HR 1.96 (95% confidence interval= 1.01-3.82)], positive blood culture in induction/consolidation [ P =.009, HR 2.35 (1.24-4.46)], extreme weight at diagnosis <5th or >95th centile [ P =.028, HR 2.14 (1.09-4.20)] and elevated peak gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) >5 x upper limit normal in induction/consolidation [ P =.018, HR 2.24 (1.15-4.36)] were significantly associated with VTE in multivariate cox regression modeling. The cumulative incidence of VTE, if all 4 clinical risk factors in our model were present, was 33.33%, which is significantly greater than the incidence of VTE for a patient without any risk factors (1.62%, P <.001). These 4 clinical factors could be used as a basis for assigning thromboprophylaxis in children with ALL. Our model detected 80% (42/52) of all VTE events by incorporating one or more risk factors. An equal proportion of patients eventually developing VTE could be predicted by weight and age ≥10 years; or later bacteremia and elevated GGT. Bacteremia, when present as a risk factor, preceded VTE in 80% of cases (20/25 cases) at a median of 29 days before VTE (range 3-668 days). The negative predictive value (NPV), specificity and sensitivity for the 4 risk factor model were 98.38%, 98.70% and 28.57% respectively. If 3 specified risk factors were included in the algorithm, such as 2 baseline and one treatment-related variable, the incidence of VTE was ≥25%, NPV 98.38%, specificity ≥96.19% and sensitivity 80%. The high NPV and high specificity mean the model can successfully exclude children who are not at increased risk of VTE. The challenge is to balance unnecessary exposure to anticoagulation against the risk of development of VTE. We have identified novel clinical risk factors in induction/consolidation - positive blood culture, hepatic enzymatic elevation and extreme weight at diagnosis- that may highlight risk mechanisms related to VTE pathogenesis. Our predictive model can define a group at highest risk of VTE who may benefit from randomized trials of prophylactic anticoagulation in childhood ALL therapy. Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge support from the Kids Cancer Alliance (a Translational Cancer Research Centre of Cancer Institute NSW), Cancer Institute New South Wales, Royal Australasian College of Physicians - Kids Cancer Project Research Entry Scholarship, Cancer Therapeutics CRC (CTx) PhD Clinician Research Top-Up Scholarship, The Kids Cancer Project, Australian and New Zealand Children's Haematology Oncology Group, ASSET study members, data managers and clinical research associates at each site. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Malik, Laeeq, Yu Jo Chua, Nadeem Butt, and Desmond Yip. "Single institutional series of neuroendocrine tumours managed in the Australian capital territory." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e14703-e14703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e14703.

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e14703 Background: Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) have been regarded as indolent tumors with significantly variable clinical behavior. Limited information is available on long-term clinical outcome and clinically applicable prognostic factors.We performed a retrospective review of NETS managed in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) over a 12-year period,with examination of epidemiology and various prognostic clinicopathologic factors. Methods: This multicenter analysis included patients in ACT and surrounding New South Wales treated with histologically proven neuroendocrine tumor (lung carcinoids excluded). The cases were identified from hospital databases. Data was analysed according to epidemiological, clinical and histopathological characteristics. Results: The cohort of 107 patients showed slight male predominance. Median age at diagnosis was 62 years and tumour size of 1.2 cm. The most common primary tumour site was jejunum/ileum (32%) followed by rectum (22%) and pancreas (11.2 %). Most patients had localised disease at initial diagnosis (n- 73/107 (68%). Distant metastases were seen in 32% (n-34/107) on initial staging with liver being most common site. Most patients were symptomatic at diagnosis while 22.4% cases were found incidentally. Second malignancies in particular of gastrointestinal origin were diagnosed in 33.6% (n-36/107). Surgical debulking was the most common treatment (59.8%) while 18% had multi-modality therapy. At a median followup of 25 months from diagnosis, 76 patients (78%) were still alive. Median time to first relapse was 15 months. 5 year survival rate was 75% for NETs originating from jejunum/ilieum on Kaplan-Meier analysis. Increasing age, tumor size, male gender, high histological grade, high Ki 67 index, raised plasma chromogranin A and urine 5 HIAA at the time of diagnosis were associated with shorter 5-year survival. Conclusions: The epidemiologic characteristics and long-term outcome in our series was comparable to reported studies from other centers. This analysis confirmed some important prognostic factors that could be considered for risk stratification and therapeutic management in patients with NETs.
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Grulich, Andrew E., Claire Vajdic, John M. Kaldor, Anne-Maree Hughes, Anne Kricker, Lin Fritschi, Jennifer J. Turner, Sam Milliken, Geza Benke, and Bruce K. Armstrong. "Birth Order, Atopy, and Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 1368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.1368.1368.

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Abstract People with congenital or acquired immune deficiency have rates of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that are raised 50 fold or more above population rates, but it is unknown whether risk of NHL is associated with other forms of immune dysregulation. We performed a population based case-control study of risk factors for NHL in adults aged 20–74 years in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. We investigated the association of NHL risk with atopy, which is associated with a Th2 dominant immune response. In addition, we investigated the association of NHL with birth order and childhood crowding, which are known to predict atopy. Cases with NHL were selected from a cancer register (n=704), and controls (n=694) were randomly selected from state electoral rolls and frequency-matched to cases by age, sex and area. Cases with clinically apparent immune deficiency were excluded. Birth order, childhood crowding and history of atopic conditions (hayfever, asthma, eczema, and specific allergies) were assessed by questionnaire and by interview. Logistic regression models of NHL risk included the three matching variables as covariates. Being an only child or first born child of a larger family was strongly inversely associated with risk of NHL. Compared to a fourth or later born child, the odds ratios (OR) for development of NHL were 0.52 (95% CI 0.32–0.84) for an only child, 0.55 (95% CI 0.40–0.75) for a first-born child, and 0.70 (95% CI 0.51–0.96) and 0.81 (95 % CI 0.57–1.14) respectively for second and third born children (p trend < 0.0001). Indicators of crowding in later childhood, such as ever sharing a bed or bedroom, and number of years of sharing, were not associated with NHL risk. Diagnosis of atopic conditions was also inversely associated with NHL risk. Self-reported histories of hayfever, asthma, eczema and food allergies were each associated with reduced NHL risk; this reduction was significant for hayfever (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.52–0.82) and food allergies (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.20–0.42), but not significant for asthma (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.67–1.17) and eczema (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.57–1.10). In summary, being an only or other first born child and reporting a history of atopic conditions were associated with reduced NHL risk. Taken together, these data suggest a hypothesis that late exposure to infections in early life and atopic conditions, both of which are associated with a predominant Th2 response, are associated with a reduced risk of NHL.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cancer – Risk factors – New South Wales"

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Amin, Janaki Public Health &amp Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Hepatitis B and C associated cancer and mortality: New South Wales, 1990-2002." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/27338.

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This thesis examines cancer and mortality rates among people diagnosed with hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) infection in New South Wales (NSW) from 1990 through 2002, by linking hepatitis notifications with the NSW Central Cancer Registry (CCR) and National Death Index. Of the 39101 HBV, 75834 HCV and 2604 HBV/HCV co-infection notifications included 1052, 1761 and 85 were linked to cancer notifications and 1233, 4008 and 186 were linked to death notifications respectively. Of 2072 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) notifications to the CCR 323, 267 and 85 were linked to HBV, HCV and HBV/HCV co-infection notifications. Incidence of HCC was 6.5, 4.0 and 5.9 per 1000 person years for HBV, HCV and HBV/HCV co-infected groups. Risk of HCC in those diagnosed with hepatitis was 20 to 30 times greater than the standard population. There was a marginally statistically significant increased risk of immunoproliferative malignancies associated with HCV infection (SIR=5.6 95% CI 1.8 ???17.5). Risk of death for those with hepatitis was significantly greater, 1.5 to 5 fold, than the general population with the greatest risk among those with HBV/HCV co-infection. The primary cause of HBV deaths was liver related, particularly HCC, whereas in the HCV groups drug related deaths were most frequent. Among people with HCV, risk of dying from drug related causes was significantly greater than from liver related causes (p=0.012), with the greatest increased risk in females age 15- 24 years (SMR 56.9, 95%CI 39.2???79.9). Median age at diagnosis of HCC varied markedly by country of birth and hepatitis group: HBV 66, 63 and 57years ; HCV 51, 68 and 71 years; unlinked 69, 70 and 64 years for Australian, European, and Asian-born groups, respectively (P<0.0001 for all groups). While the risk of cancer, particularly HCC, is elevated among people with HBV and HCV infection, the absolute risk remains low. Young people with HCV face a higher mortality risk from continued drug use than from liver damage related to their HCV infection. The influence of IDU in the epidemiology of HCC in New South Wales was possibly reflected in the varying distributions of age and country of birth.
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Books on the topic "Cancer – Risk factors – New South Wales"

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Ajzensztejn, Daniel. Breast cancer. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0327.

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Breast cancer is the commonest female cancer, with a lifetime risk of approximately 1 in 9. There are approximately 40 000 new cases and 11 000 deaths from the disease in England and Wales each year. Breast cancer is an adenocarcinoma which arises from the glandular tissue of the breast. Its etiology is complex, with hormonal, genetic, and modifiable lifestyle factors all involved in developing the disease. Prognosis is related to the anatomical extent of the cancer, and other factors. This chapter discusses the definition and etiology of breast cancer, as well as its typical symptoms, less common symptoms, demographics, natural history, complications, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
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Huntir, Alex. Volunteering in hospice and palliative care in Australia. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788270.003.0010.

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This chapter provides an overview of the practice of palliative care volunteering and volunteer management in Australia. The history of volunteering in Australia is briefly considered as are the formative influences that have shaped volunteer services within the palliative care system. The chapter outlines the federated model of health funding, and the various service models within which volunteers are supported. Data from recent research is used to illustrate models of volunteer support in the state of New South Wales. The chapter considers the way in which volunteering is changing in Australia, the shifting demographics of volunteers, the effect of risk management on volunteer satisfaction, and the revival of interest in hospices. Factors that contribute to success are also considered including the positive effect of organizational support for the work of the volunteers, the skills of the volunteer manager, and the importance of acknowledging and including volunteers in aspects of service management.
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Conference papers on the topic "Cancer – Risk factors – New South Wales"

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Nair-Shalliker, Visalini, David P. Smith, Sam Egger, Ann Marie Hughes, Mark Clements, Anne Kricker, and Bruce K. Armstrong. "Abstract 5482: Sun exposure and prostate cancer risk in New South Wales, Australia: A case control study." In Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-5482.

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Salagame, Usha G., Emily Banks, Dianne O’Connell, Sam Egger, and Karen Canfell. "Abstract 2285: Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) use and breast cancer risk by receptor subtypes: results from the New South Wales Cancer Lifestyle and EvAluation of Risk (CLEAR) study." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-2285.

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Dash, Chiranjeev, Lynn Rosenberg, Jeffrey Yu, Sarah Nomura, Julie Palmer, and Lucile L. Adams-Campbell. "Abstract A18: Association of anthropometric factors with risk of colorectal neoplasia in the Black Women's Health Study." In Abstracts: AACR International Conference: New Frontiers in Cancer Research; January 18-22, 2017; Cape Town, South Africa. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.newfront17-a18.

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