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Journal articles on the topic 'Cancer Research Committee'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Odei, Bismarck, Temitope Agabalogun, Erika Bello-Pardo, Christina C. Huang, Daniel Vanderbilt, Seyi Omeh, and Fumiko Chino. "Specialty representation on national comprehensive cancer network guideline committees." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): 11041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.11041.

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11041 Background: Among the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines, the existence of Category 1 evidence for cancer management decisions remains low, resulting in the reliance on multispecialty perspective to determine optimal treatment approach. Multiple studies suggest that the specialty composition of oncological teams is important in the trajectory of decision-making. Consequently, we sought to determine if there was adequate representation of radiation oncologists (ROs) on NCCN committees (NCMs). Methods: NCMs with Category 1 or 2A recommendations for radiotherapy use were identified. Committee members were documented including specialty, academic rank, and committee role. H-index and gender was assessed for each member. A minimum arbitrary threshold of < 10% was used to define underrepresentation of ROs. Univariate and multivariate (MVA) logistic regression identified factors predictive of underrepresentation. Results: Of 57 assessed guidelines, 38 (66.7%) NCMs recommended radiation as Category 1 or 2A from which a total of 1284 committee members were identified. Median committee size was 33 (range 29-38). Overall, 42.2% were Medical Oncologists (MOs), 23.9% were Surgical Oncologists (SOs), and 11.5% were ROs [22.4% were a mix of Radiologists, Pathologists, other specialty physicians, and non-physician members like Patient Advocates]. ROs constituted 4.4% of NCM Chairs (MOs: 68.9%, SOs: 13.3%, Other: 13.3%); 29% of Vice Chairs (MOs: 35.5%, SOs: 35.5%); and 5.9% of the discussion writing committee (MOs: 70.6%, SOs: 23.5%). The representation of ROs was highest for Head/ Neck Cancer NCM (38.8%) and Prostate Cancer NCM (25.8%). 42% of the NCMs recommending radiation had < 10% representation of ROs; 17% of guidelines recommending radiation had 1 or less RO including 4 NCMs which did not have a single RO committee member. On univariate analysis, factors predictive of RO underrepresentation were low SO representation (p = 0.038) and low median H-index of the NCM (p = 0.013); low proportion of full professors trended towards significance (p = 0.060). On MVA, median H-index had a negative association with RO underrepresentation (p = 0.038) —no association was found to rank, gender or specialty. Conclusions: Our study shows alarmingly low representation of ROs among NCCN committees which include radiation as a Category 1 or 2A recommendation. This can both limit the discussion during guideline development and negatively impact the diversity of perspectives in management recommendations. Efforts to ensure more proportional representation of ROs on NCCN guideline committees are warranted including exploring potential barriers to committee leadership.
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2

Birmingham, Karen. "Parliamentary committee examines UK cancer research efforts." Nature Medicine 6, no. 4 (April 2000): 360–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/74583.

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3

Lyman, Gary H., and Harold L. Moses. "Biomarker Tests for Molecularly Targeted Therapies: Laying the Foundation and Fulfilling the Dream." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 17 (June 10, 2016): 2061–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.67.3160.

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Precision medicine focuses on the management of individual patients on the basis of biomarkers and other distinguishing characteristics, with the overarching objective of improving clinical outcomes. The rapid proliferation of biomarker tests and targeted therapies has revolutionized patient care in a variety of serious disorders. Targeted cancer therapies interrupt oncogenic molecular pathways driven by mutations, overexpression, or translocation of specific genes. However, there is concern that the emergence of large-scale genomic data is exceeding our capacity to appropriately analyze and interpret the results. In 2014, the Institute of Medicine convened the Committee on Policy Issues in the Clinical Development and Use of Biomarkers for Molecularly Targeted Therapies. This committee conducted a study to develop recommendations to address diverse and interconnected development, regulatory, clinical practice, and reimbursement issues. The committee conducted an extensive search of the relevant literature and invited testimony from a wide range of experts in the field. The final report of the committee’s study and deliberations was released on March 4, 2016, focusing on ways to achieve 10 goals to further advance the development and appropriate clinical use of biomarker tests for molecularly targeted therapies. This article presents an overview of the committee’s study and resulting recommendations, which cover establishment of clinical utility, regulatory oversight, coverage and reimbursement, health system data integration, as well as education and access. The committee’s recommendations presented and discussed here are fundamentally grounded in the understanding that, when properly validated and appropriately implemented, these assays and corresponding therapies hold considerable promise to enhance the quality of patient care and improve meaningful clinical outcomes.
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4

McGinnis, Lamar S. "Program planning committee chairman." Cancer 75, S7 (April 1, 1995): 1761–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19950401)75:7+<1761::aid-cncr2820751602>3.0.co;2-d.

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5

Price, Kandie C., Barbara K. Barrett, and Jean M. Roark. "Cancer and Leukemia Group B Clinical Research Associates Committee." Clinical Cancer Research 12, no. 11 (June 1, 2006): 3642s—3644s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-9014.

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6

Goldberg, Richard M., Donna Niedzwiecki, Monica Bertagnolli, A. William Blackstock, Joel E. Tepper, and Robert J. Mayer. "Cancer and Leukemia Group B Gastrointestinal Cancer Committee: Table 1." Clinical Cancer Research 12, no. 11 (June 1, 2006): 3589s—3595s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-9004.

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7

Larsen, N. S. "Committee Recommends Triple Attack on Breast Cancer." JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 85, no. 12 (June 16, 1993): 946–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.12.946.

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8

Kohman, Leslie J. "Cancer and Leukemia Group B Surgery Committee." Clinical Cancer Research 12, no. 11 (June 1, 2006): 3622s—3627s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-9010.

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9

Heron, Dwight Earl, Amanda Barry, Hans Benson, Zach Lorinc, and Kathleen Lokay. "The standardization of skin cancer treatment recommendations through the analysis of clinical pathways data and an evidence-based, physician-driven committee process." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 7_suppl (March 1, 2016): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.147.

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147 Background: Clinical pathways (CP) have the potential to improve the quality and safety of care and lead to more predictable outcomes and costs through standardization. Via Oncology’s CP program aims to standardize care at radiation centers across its nationwide network. Created through an evidence-based, physician-driven committee process, CP recommend the best treatment plan for specific patient populations based on a hierarchy of efficacy, toxicity, and cost. In the absence of definitive data, reaching a consensus on the best treatment recommendation is difficult, particularly for disease states such as melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma for which a wide range of radiation doses and schedules are considered effective and regional and institutional preferences may vary. Methods: After initial implementation of CP, radiation disease committees meet semiannually to review treatment recommendations and utilization data collected for the prior six months. Data reflect treatment plans selected by physicians for individual patients. At the January 2015 skin pathway committee meeting, committee members reviewed data for each patient presentation to determine which doses and schedules were used most frequently. Results: After reviewing the utilization data, the committee narrowed the recommendations to one or two treatment plans per presentation, typically including standard and hypofractionated schedules. In scenarios where multiple treatment plans were selected at a similar frequency, the committee standardized to the lower dose and fewer fractionation plan. This reduced the number of treatment plans on the pathway from 34 to 15. A decrease in pathway adherence rates was not observed following this change. Conclusions: Data gathered from CP can be used to further standardize clinical care when there are several effective and accepted treatment regimens but a lack of published data. Through a dynamic process of assessing and modifying physician practice and patterns of care, CP provide cancer centers with a platform to ensure delivery of consistent, high-quality care to patients throughout their network.
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10

Mittman, Brian S., James W. Dearing, Kathleen Mazor, and James Nutter. "Dissemination, implementation, and quality improvement research within the HMO Cancer Research Network." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 31_suppl (November 1, 2013): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.31_suppl.215.

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215 Background: The HMO Cancer Research Network, funded by the National Cancer Institute, provides infrastructure support to facilitate cancer research in non-profit integrated healthcare delivery systems. A key CRN goal to improve quality and outcomes through research and research-based methods for accelerating implementation of innovations in cancer care. Methods: The CRN is led by a Steering Committee and an Executive Committee. CRN Scientific Working Groups support activity within distinct areas; the CRN Communication and Dissemination Scientific Working Group (C&D SWG) supports the design, conduct and reporting of research on (1) communication and decision makin in cancer care and (2) dissemination and implementation of cancer research findings and best practices. C&D SWG activities include monthly calls presenting C&D research resources, project ideas and funding opportunities; individual consultation and technical assistance to support CRN researchers developing funding applications and conducting research in relevant areas; and mentorship for CRN Scholars. General CRN resources to facilitate research to improve cancer care quality include a multi-institution Virtual Data Warehouse with accompanying query tools to facilitate preparatory-to-research and collaborative research studies and specific cancer-related data items; funding for Developmental and Pilot Studies; and an Outreach and External Collaborations Core to facilitate research collaborations among (a) CRN institution-based scientists, (b) scientists at other institutions, and (c) clinical and operations partners. Results: The CRN C&D SWG continues to stimulate increased awareness and interest in conducting dissemination and implementation studies and quality improvement research in cancer care, and to support the development of new project ideas and funding applications and the successful completion and publication of such studies. Conclusions: CRN activities facilitate innovative multi-site, multi-disciplinary cancer studies in the integrated delivery system setting, and motivate continued evolution of CRN institutions as the nation's premier learning health care systems. Supported by U24 CA171524.
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11

Heron, Dwight Earl, Sushil Beriwal, Hans Benson, Zach Lorinc, Amanda Barry, and Kathleen Lokay. "The benefits of clinical pathways (CP) for radiation oncology in a large cancer care network." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 7_suppl (March 1, 2016): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.148.

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148 Background: UPMC CancerCenter and the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPMC) created a radiation oncology CP program (now incorporated separately as Via Pathways) in 2003 to standardize care at 19 radiation sites. The program exists to ensure consistency and rapid adoption of best evidence-based care in a large, integrated NCI-designated comprehensive cancer center. Methods: The web-based CP portal integrates with electronic medical records to provide point-of-care patient-specific decision support. CP content is developed and maintained by committees of oncologists culled from the network. Meetings occur semi-annually to review and update treatment recommendations for the nearly 95% of cancers covered. Evidence is evaluated hierarchically on efficacy, toxicity, then cost. When the committee modifies CP content, the software is updated within 35 days and new recommendations are available to the 38 network providers. Through analysis of the utilization data, leaders can monitor adherence to the CP recommendations and research practice patterns at an unprecedented level of granularity. Results: Since data collection in the portal began in 2009, UPMC has captured over 48,000 visits and adhered to CP recommendations 96% of the time. Off-pathway decisions were approved prior to treatment by a designated peer review radiation oncologist at UPMC. Reasons for going off pathway and the alternative approach to care were recorded. Efforts to increase efficiencies and trial accruals have been successful due in large part to access to such a vast and comprehensive database. Conclusions: CP are an integral part of standardizing to high-value care across large networks and geographic regions. The committee process, rapid electronic deployment, and easy access to evidence reviews have garnered high physician buy-in and consistent adherence to CP recommendations. Other benefits of the program include: a transition from volume to value care models; facilitation of onboarding new physicians, residency trainees, and fellows; providing transparency through peer review, a committee process, and evidence reviews. CP are now used by more than 1000 physicians across the US in a variety of academic and community settings.
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12

Larsen, N. S. "Committee Debates Use of Army Breast Cancer Funds." JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 85, no. 6 (March 17, 1993): 430–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.6.430-a.

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13

Hill, G. J. "American Joint Committee on Cancer Classification for Melanoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 10, no. 2 (February 1992): 345–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1992.10.2.345.

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14

Cheson, Bruce D., and George P. Canellos. "The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Lymphoma Committee." Clinical Cancer Research 12, no. 11 (June 1, 2006): 3572s—3575s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-9003.

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15

Linker, Charles, and David Hurd. "The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Transplant Committee." Clinical Cancer Research 12, no. 11 (June 1, 2006): 3635s—3637s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-9012.

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16

Vokes, Everett E., Michael C. Perry, Hedy L. Kindler, and Mark R. Green. "The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Respiratory Committee." Clinical Cancer Research 12, no. 11 (June 1, 2006): 3581s—3588s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-9015.

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17

Tisevich, D. A. "Committee Assignments Made For 102nd Congress." JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 83, no. 8 (April 17, 1991): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.8.537.

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18

Wittenberg, C. K. "Expert Committee Examines Measures of Progress." JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 80, no. 12 (August 17, 1988): 894–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.12.894-a.

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19

Brandon, Thomas H., Maciej L. Goniewicz, Nasser H. Hanna, Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Roy S. Herbst, Jennifer A. Hobin, Jamie S. Ostroff, et al. "Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Policy Statement From the American Association for Cancer Research and the American Society of Clinical Oncology." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 8 (March 10, 2015): 952–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.59.4465.

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Combustible tobacco use remains the number-one preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the United States. Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), which include electronic cigarettes, are devices capable of delivering nicotine in an aerosolized form. ENDS use by both adults and youth has increased rapidly, and some have advocated these products could serve as harm-reduction devices and smoking cessation aids. ENDS may be beneficial if they reduce smoking rates or prevent or reduce the known adverse health effects of smoking. However, ENDS may also be harmful, particularly to youth, if they increase the likelihood that nonsmokers or former smokers will use combustible tobacco products or if they discourage smokers from quitting. The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) recognize the potential ENDS have to alter patterns of tobacco use and affect the health of the public; however, definitive data are lacking. The AACR and ASCO recommend additional research on these devices, including assessing the health impacts of ENDS, understanding patterns of ENDS use, and determining what role ENDS have in cessation. Key policy recommendations include supporting federal, state, and local regulation of ENDS; requiring manufacturers to register with the US Food and Drug Administration and report all product ingredients, requiring childproof caps on ENDS liquids, and including warning labels on products and their advertisements; prohibiting youth-oriented marketing and sales; prohibiting child-friendly ENDS flavors; and prohibiting ENDS use in places where cigarette smoking is prohibited. This policy statement was developed by a joint writing group composed of members from the Tobacco and Cancer Subcommittee of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Science Policy and Government Affairs (SPGA) Committee and American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Tobacco Cessation and Control Subcommittee of the Cancer Prevention Committee (CaPC). The statement was reviewed by both parent committees (ie, the AACR SPGA Committee and the ASCO CaPC) and was approved by the AACR Boards of Directors on August 6, 2014, and the ASCO Executive Committee on September 18, 2014. This policy statement was published jointly by invitation and consent in both Clinical Cancer Research and Journal of Clinical Oncology. Copyright 2015 American Association for Cancer Research and American Society of Clinical Oncology. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or storage in any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission by the American Association for Cancer Research and the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
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20

Berlin, Jordan, Suanna S. Bruinooge, and Ian F. Tannock. "Ethics in Oncology: Consulting for the Investment Industry." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 4 (February 1, 2007): 444–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.10.3036.

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As Ethics Committee Chair, I am pleased to introduce the first in an ongoing series of ethics vignettes. These columns, which are based on true-to-life situations that arise in oncology research and practice, are intended to identify and explore important ethical issues and provide commentary that is specific to oncology. Please look for them periodically in both the Journal of Clinical Oncology and the Journal of Oncology Practice. The idea for publishing vignettes evolved through the joint efforts of the Ethics Committee and the Board of Directors. Rather than adopt a single set of ethical principles that applies vaguely to any situation and well to none, the Committee and the Board preferred to tackle ethical dilemmas individually, specifically, and directly. Because the Ethics Committee thought the ethical and legal implications of physician interactions with the investment industry were so important and timely, it chose to address this topic in both a position article, which was previously published in the January 20, 2007, issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology (J Clin Oncol 25:338-340, 2007) and in its first vignette column. The Ethics Committee hopes this column will be the first of several that ASCO members will find helpful as they grapple with the many ethical issues that arise in daily practice in the field of oncology. Because these columns are intended to address the concerns of ASCO members, the Committee welcomes suggestions for future topics at vignettes@asco.org. Martin D. Abeloff, MD, Chair, Ethics Committee
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21

Yarbro, John W., David L. Page, L. Peter Fielding, Edward E. Partridge, and Gerald P. Murphy. "American Joint Committee on Cancer Prognostic Factors Consensus Conference." Cancer 86, no. 11 (December 1, 1999): 2436–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19991201)86:11<2436::aid-cncr35>3.0.co;2-#.

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22

Compton, Carolyn, Cecilia M. Fenoglio-Preiser, Norman Pettigrew, and L. Peter Fielding. "American Joint Committee on Cancer prognostic factors consensus conference." Cancer 88, no. 7 (April 1, 2000): 1739–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(20000401)88:7<1739::aid-cncr30>3.0.co;2-t.

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23

Henson, Donald Earl. "Future directions for the American joint Committee on Cancer." Cancer 69, S6 (March 15, 1992): 1639–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19920315)69:6+<1639::aid-cncr2820691320>3.0.co;2-n.

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24

Denis, Louis, and Gerald P. Murphy. "International Union Against Cancer, Committee on International Collaborative Activities." Cancer 79, no. 6 (March 15, 1997): 1248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19970315)79:6<1248::aid-cncr26>3.0.co;2-z.

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Bedwani, Ramez, Rosemarie Clive, Thompson Hudson, and Scott Hundahl. "International union against cancer, committee on international collaborative activities." Cancer 82, no. 7 (April 1, 1998): 1404–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19980401)82:7<1404::aid-cncr27>3.0.co;2-9.

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26

Finkelstein, Joel B. "FDA Revamps Committee Conflict-of-Interest Rules." JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute 98, no. 19 (October 4, 2006): 1354–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djj423.

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27

Printz, Carrie. "FDA Advisory Committee supports second HPV vaccine." Cancer 115, no. 22 (November 3, 2009): 5130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.24728.

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28

Astoul, C., and D. Salvat. "Oncology nurses in a CCPPRB (ethical committee)." European Journal of Cancer 29 (January 1993): S258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-8049(93)92074-3.

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29

Singletary, S. Eva, Craig Allred, Pandora Ashley, Lawrence W. Bassett, Donald Berry, Kirby I. Bland, Patrick I. Borgen, et al. "Revision of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging System for Breast Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 20, no. 17 (September 1, 2002): 3628–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2002.02.026.

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PURPOSE: To revise the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system for breast carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Breast Task Force submitted recommended changes and additions to the existing staging system that were (1) evidence-based and/or consistent with widespread clinical consensus about appropriate diagnostic and treatment standards and (2) useful for the uniform accrual of outcome information in national databases. RESULTS: Major changes included the following: size-based discrimination between micrometastases and isolated tumor cells; identifiers to indicate usage of innovative technical approaches; classification of lymph node status by number of involved axillary lymph nodes; and new classifications for metastasis to the infraclavicular, internal mammary, and supraclavicular lymph nodes. CONCLUSION: This revised staging system will be officially adopted for use in tumor registries in January 2003.
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30

Mortimer, Joanne E., Andrea M. Barsevick, Charles L. Bennett, Ann M. Berger, Charles Cleeland, Shannon R. DeVader, Carmen Escalante, et al. "Studying Cancer-Related Fatigue: Report of the NCCN Scientific Research Committee." Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 8, no. 12 (December 2010): 1331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2010.0101.

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31

Cohen, Harvey Jay, and Hyman B. Muss. "The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Cancer in the Elderly Committee: Addressing a Major Cancer Need." Clinical Cancer Research 12, no. 11 (June 1, 2006): 3606s—3611s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-9007.

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32

Holcombe, Randall F. "Provider perceptions of a cancer quality program." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 30_suppl (October 20, 2014): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.30_suppl.112.

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112 Background: In 3/2011, The Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai implemented a cancer quality program This involved the establishment of several new committees including a QI committee and a chemotherapy council focused on the provision of evidence-based treatment regimens, implementation of an EMR (7/2011) and an electronic chemotherapy ordering platform (3/2012), relocation to a new practice facility (10/2012) with a focus on operational efficiency and multidisciplinary care, creation of new nursing and pharmacy policies & procedures and successful achievement of quality certifications including Magnet, QOPI and ACOS. We wished to evaluate provider perceptions of the quality initiatives that had been implemented over the past 3 years. Methods: A 10-question survey was distributed to physicians, nurses (practice and infusion), mid-level providers and oncology pharmacists. There were 80 respondents (MD-32, RN/NP-39, Pharm-9) which represents ~50% of providers in the cancer program. Results: Overwhelmingly, the “best measure of quality” (68% of respondents) was felt to be patient outcomes, not achieving standardized benchmarks, high patient satisfaction scores or certifications. 29% felt that use of evidence-based protocols was the best measure of quality care delivery. Initiatives with the greatest impact on quality were implementation of an EMR and the QI committee. Operational efficiency was felt to be the most important influence on patient experience. Certifications felt to be a reflection of quality care delivery were (in order): QOPI, Magnet (#1 for RN/NPs), ACOS. Only 6% cited Leapfrog. Factors most important for the quality delivery of chemotherapy included certified infusion RNs, electronic chemotherapy ordering, defined nursing and pharmacy protocols and MD/mid-level oversight. 35% felt that patient satisfaction scores were a good measure of quality while 28% felt that patient satisfaction scores were either overemphasized or a poor measure of quality. Conclusions: This survey defines provider views on new quality-focused initiatives and their impact on the quality of patient care delivery for a large, academically-based oncology program. This information can be utilized to inform future initiatives at Mount Sinai and other centers.
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Sadowski, Dan. "Practice affairs committee." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 18, no. 6 (2004): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/182725.

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The Practice Affairs Committee has had a productive year representing the interests of gastroenterologists involved in clinical care. The principle mandate of the committee is to address all issues relevant to the practice of gastroenterology, such as participation in the development of clinical practice guidelines and education programs, and the facilitation of clinical research. A major activity in 2003 was participation in the drafting of several new clinical practice guidelines:Infliximab and the management of Crohn's disease;Screening for colorectal cancer; andManagement of gastroesophageal reflux disease.
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34

Randal, J. "Erbitux Trial Flawed From the Beginning, Committee Finds." JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 94, no. 24 (December 18, 2002): 1824–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/94.24.1824.

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35

Mitelman, Felix, and Janet D. Rowley. "Response to letter by the ISCN standing committee." Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer 46, no. 5 (2007): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gcc.20434.

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36

Schmoll, Hans-Joachim. "The future of colorectal cancer research: an interview with Hans Schmoll." Future Oncology 16, no. 29 (October 2020): 2269–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fon-2020-0610.

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Hans Schmoll speaks to Rachel Jenkins, Managing Commissioning Editor. Over four decades of professional activity, Hans has become one of the most highly esteemed and influential medical oncologists in Germany. As Editor of the German standard reference book for medical and multidisciplinary oncology (6000 pages) [ 1 ], he has defined treatment standards and education in medical oncology in the German speaking countries. His work as a research scientist has covered numerous fields in medical oncology, in particular, genitourinary and gastrointestinal cancers, where he has defined worldwide standards for the management of germ-cell cancer and early and late stages of colon cancer. Within the European Society of Medical Oncology, he served on the Executive Board as founding chair of the Multidisciplinary Oncology Committee and as scientific chair of the Istanbul European Society of Medical Oncology Congress 2006.
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37

Van Poznak, Catherine, Mark R. Somerfield, William E. Barlow, J. Sybil Biermann, Linda D. Bosserman, Mark J. Clemons, Sukhbinder K. Dhesy-Thind, et al. "Role of Bone-Modifying Agents in Metastatic Breast Cancer: An American Society of Clinical Oncology–Cancer Care Ontario Focused Guideline Update." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 35 (December 10, 2017): 3978–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.75.4614.

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Purpose To update, in collaboration with Cancer Care Ontario (CCO), key recommendations of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guideline on the role of bone-modifying agents (BMAs) in metastatic breast cancer. This focused update addressed the new data on intervals between dosing and the role of BMAs in control of bone pain. Methods A joint ASCO-CCO Update Committee conducted targeted systematic literature reviews to identify relevant studies. Results The Update Committee reviewed three phase III noninferiority trials of dosing intervals, one systematic review and meta-analysis of studies of de-escalation of BMAs, and two randomized trials of BMAs in control of pain secondary to bone metastases. Recommendations Patients with breast cancer who have evidence of bone metastases should be treated with BMAs. Options include denosumab, 120 mg subcutaneously, every 4 weeks; pamidronate, 90 mg intravenously, every 3 to 4 weeks; or zoledronic acid, 4 mg intravenously every 12 weeks or every 3 to 4 weeks. The analgesic effects of BMAs are modest, and they should not be used alone for bone pain. The Update Committee recommends that the current standard of care for supportive care and pain management—analgesia, adjunct therapies, radiotherapy, surgery, systemic anticancer therapy, and referral to supportive care and pain management—be applied. Evidence is insufficient to support the use of one BMA over another. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/breast-cancer-guidelines and www.asco.org/guidelineswiki .
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38

Chavez‐MacGregor, Mariana, Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, Christina A. Clarke, Daphne Y. Lichtensztajn, Kelly K. Hunt, and Sharon H. Giordano. "Incorporating Tumor Characteristics to the American Joint Committee on Cancer Breast Cancer Staging System." Oncologist 22, no. 11 (June 7, 2017): 1292–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.2017-0116.

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39

Paskett, Electra D., Deborah Schrag, Alice Kornblith, Elizabeth B. Lamont, Jane C. Weeks, James R. Marshall, Charles Shapiro, and Jimmie Holland. "Cancer and Leukemia Group B Cancer Control and Health Outcomes Committee: Origins and Accomplishments." Clinical Cancer Research 12, no. 11 (June 1, 2006): 3601s—3605s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-9006.

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Taylor, Sarah H., Kelly W. Merriman, Philippe E. Spiess, and Louis Pisters. "Inadequacies of the current American Joint Committee on cancer staging system for prostate cancer." Cancer 106, no. 3 (February 1, 2006): 559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.21605.

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41

Compton, Carolyn. "The Cancer and Leukemia Group B Pathology Committee at 50." Clinical Cancer Research 12, no. 11 (June 1, 2006): 3617s—3621s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-9009.

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42

Kyle, Robert A., Gary C. Yee, Mark R. Somerfield, Patrick J. Flynn, Susan Halabi, Sundar Jagannath, Robert Z. Orlowski, David G. Roodman, Patricia Twilde, and Kenneth Anderson. "American Society of Clinical Oncology 2007 Clinical Practice Guideline Update on the Role of Bisphosphonates in Multiple Myeloma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 17 (June 10, 2007): 2464–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.12.1269.

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Purpose To update the recommendations for the use of bisphosphonates in the prevention and treatment of bone disease in multiple myeloma. The Update Committee expanded the guideline to include a discussion of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). Methods For the 2007 update, an Update Committee composed of members from the full panel completed a review and analysis of data published since 2002. Searches of Medline and the Cochrane Collaboration Library databases were performed. Recommendations For multiple myeloma patients who have, on plain radiograph(s) or imaging studies, lytic destruction of bone or spine compression fracture from osteopenia, intravenous pamidronate 90 mg delivered over at least 2 hours or zoledronic acid 4 mg delivered over at least 15 minutes every 3 to 4 weeks is recommended. Clodronate is an alternative bisphosphonate approved worldwide, except in the United States, for oral or intravenous administration. New dosing guidelines for patients with pre-existing renal impairment were added to the zoledronic acid package insert. Although no similar dosing guidelines are available for pamidronate, the Update Committee recommends that clinicians consider reducing the initial pamidronate dose in patients with pre-existing renal impairment. Zoledronic acid has not been studied in patients with severe renal impairment and is not recommended in this setting. The Update Committee suggests that bisphosphonate treatment continue for a period of 2 years. At 2 years, physicians should seriously consider discontinuing bisphosphonates in patients with responsive or stable disease, but further use is at the discretion of the treating physician. The Update Committee also discusses measures regarding ONJ.
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MINO, JEAN-CHRISTOPHE, LAURE COPEL, and JEAN-MICHEL ZUCKER. "A French Perspective on Hospital Ethics Committees." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 17, no. 3 (May 21, 2008): 300–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180108080365.

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In this article we highlight the main points of the development of bioethics and ethics committees in France. We argue that the French cultural context of medicine and its current political transformations favor new models of hospital ethics committee and we provide an example of such a model developed at Paris's Institut Curie, the oldest French cancer treatment and research centre.
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44

Okunieff, Paul, Katherine Casey-Sawicki, Natalie A. Lockney, Bradford S. Hoppe, Heiko Enderling, Chelsea Pinnix, James Welsh, et al. "Report from the SWOG Radiation Oncology Committee: Research Objectives Workshop 2017." Clinical Cancer Research 24, no. 15 (April 16, 2018): 3500–3509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-3202.

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45

Ohori, Makoto, Thomas M. Wheeler, and Peter T. Scardino. "The new american joint committee on cancer and international union against cancer tnm classification of prostate cancer." Cancer 74, no. 1 (July 1, 1994): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19940701)74:1<104::aid-cncr2820740119>3.0.co;2-5.

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46

Bast, Robert C., Peter Ravdin, Daniel F. Hayes, Susan Bates, Herbert Fritsche, John M. Jessup, Nancy Kemeny, Gershon Y. Locker, Robert G. Mennel, and Mark R. Somerfield. "2000 Update of Recommendations for the Use of Tumor Markers in Breast and Colorectal Cancer: Clinical Practice Guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology*." Journal of Clinical Oncology 19, no. 6 (March 15, 2001): 1865–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2001.19.6.1865.

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OBJECTIVE: To update the 1997 clinical practice guidelines for the use of tumor marker tests in the prevention, screening, treatment, and surveillance of breast and colorectal cancers. These guidelines are intended for use in the care of patients outside of clinical trials. OPTIONS: Six tumor markers for colorectal cancer and eight for breast cancer were considered. They could be recommended or not for routine use or for special circumstances. In addition to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA 15-3, CA 27.29 was also considered among the serum tumor markers for breast cancer. OUTCOMES: In general, the significant health outcomes identified for use in making clinical practice guidelines (overall survival, disease-free survival, quality of life, lesser toxicity, and cost-effectiveness) were used. EVIDENCE: A computerized literature search from 1994 to March 1999 was performed. VALUES: The same values for use, utility, and levels of evidence were used by the committee. BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS: The same benefit, harms, and costs were used. RECOMMENDATION: Changes were recommended (see Appendix). VALIDATION: The updated recommendations were validated by external review by the American Society of Clinical Oncology’s (ASCO’s) Health Services Research Committee and by ASCO’s Board of Directors. SPONSOR: American Society of Clinical Oncology.
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47

Toulmin, Emma, Stefan Sonderegger, Loretta Cerruti, Andrej Terzic, Feng Yan, Nicholas Wong, Ian Street, et al. "PRMT5 Inhibition Selectively Targets Acute Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cells Though a p53-Dependent Mechanism." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 4061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-117835.

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Abstract Background: Targeting leukemic stem cells without detrimental effects on hematopoietic stem cells is a major goal for improving cure rates for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Strategies include targeting leukemia specific mutations or pathways where leukemic cells are more dependent, leading to so-called synthetic lethality. One potential target for the latter is PRMT5, an arginine methyltransferase that methylates arginine on histones and a large number of non-histone proteins including components of the spliceosome. PRMT5 is essential for the maintenance of normal hematopoietic stem cells, through p53-dependent and independent mechanisms. Aim: To determine the relative importance of PRMT5 in normal and leukemic stem cells using genetic and pharmacologic approaches. Hypothesis: Survival of leukemic stem cells will be more dependent on PRMT5 than normal hematopoietic stem cells. Results: Using a conditional-null allele, we deleted Prmt5 in two mouse models of AML; AML1-ETO and MLL-ENL. Deletion of Prmt5 in AML1-ETO leukemia dramatically improved survival, with relapse only occurring in the setting of Prmt5-expressing cells. In contrast, deletion of Prmt5 in MLL-ENL leukemia had little effect. After screening a 350,000-compound library, we developed a potent and selective SAM-dependent inhibitor (CTx293) of PRMT5 similar to that reported by Chan-Penebre E. at al. Nat. Chem. Biol. 2015. We tested the in vivo activity of CTx293 in the AML1-ETO model generated on either a p53 wild-type or p53-/- background. Twice daily administration of CTx293 for 14 days demonstrated absolute p53 dependent activity, with prolongation of mean survival from 35 to 130 days (Figure 1A). To directly compare the effects of PRMT5 inhibition on leukemic and normal progenitors, we examined the numbers of cells within the same animal during treatment with CTx293. After 3 days, there was a two-fold reduction in both leukemic and normal progenitors. However, after 7 days treatment, leukemic progenitors had reduced more than 1000-fold whilst normal progenitors (in the same mouse) had recovered (Figure 1B). To understand this differential effect on normal and leukemic progenitors, we FACS-isolated cells after 3 days therapy. While, there was evidence of p53 activation in both normal and leukemic progenitors, the downstream effects were quite distinct, with leukemic progenitors showing activation of apoptosis. We tested the potency of CTx293 on primary human AML cells using a 14-day semi-solid agar growth assay. This demonstrated greater sensitivity of most AML samples (LD<30 nM) compared with healthy CD34+ cells (LD>100 nM). Of note, TP53-mutant samples were more resistant. Finally, we demonstrate activity of single agent CTx293 in 4 patient-derived xenografts. Conclusion: We have used both genetic and pharmacologic approaches to show that PRMT5 is an attractive target for eliminating leukemic stem cells through a p53-dependent mechanism without toxicity to healthy stem cells. Disclosures Toulmin: CRC Cancer Therapeutics: Research Funding. Sonderegger:CRC Cancer Therapeutics: Research Funding. Cerruti:CRC Cancer Therapeutics: Research Funding. Street:CRC Cancer Therapeutics: Employment, Patents & Royalties; MERCK: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Stupple:CRC Cancer Therapeutics: Employment. Jane:CRC Cancer Therapeutics: Patents & Royalties. Wei:Novartis: Honoraria, Other: Advisory committee, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Honoraria, Other: Advisory committee, Research Funding; Abbvie: Honoraria, Other: Advisory board, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Honoraria, Other: Advisory committee, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Other: Advisory committee; Servier: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Advisory committee, Research Funding. Altura:MERCK: Employment. Nicholson:MERCK: Employment. Curtis:MERCK: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; CRC Cancer Therapeutics: Patents & Royalties, Research Funding.
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Cuzick, Jack, Jean Mossman, and Helen Stewart. "Cooperative breast cancer trials organized by the United Kingdom co-ordinating committee on cancer research." Cancer 74, S3 (August 1, 1994): 1160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19940801)74:3+<1160::aid-cncr2820741527>3.0.co;2-z.

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49

Rizzo, J. Douglas, Mark R. Somerfield, Karen L. Hagerty, Jerome Seidenfeld, Julia Bohlius, Charles L. Bennett, David F. Cella, et al. "Use of Epoetin and Darbepoetin in Patients With Cancer: 2007 American Society of Clinical Oncology/American Society of Hematology Clinical Practice Guideline Update." Journal of Clinical Oncology 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 132–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.14.3396.

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PurposeTo update the American Society of Clinical Oncology/American Society of Hematology (ASCO/ASH) recommendations for the use of epoetin. The guideline was expanded to address use of darbepoetin and thromboembolic risk associated with these agents.MethodAn Update Committee (“Committee”) reviewed and analyzed data published since 2002 through July 2007. MEDLINE and the Cochrane Collaboration Library databases were searched.RecommendationsFor patients with chemotherapy-associated anemia, the Committee continues to recommend initiating an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) as hemoglobin (Hb) approaches, or falls below, 10 g/dL, to increase Hb and decrease transfusions. ESA treatment continues to be recommended for patients with low-risk myelodysplasia for similar reasons. There is no evidence showing increased survival as a result of ESA treatment. Conclusive evidence is lacking that, absent clinical circumstances necessitating earlier treatment, initiating ESAs at Hb levels greater than 10 g/dL either spares more patients from transfusion or substantially improves their quality of life. Starting doses and dose modifications based on response or lack thereof should follow the package insert. Continuing ESAs beyond 6 to 8 weeks in the absence of response, assuming appropriate dose increase has been attempted in nonresponders as per US Food and Drug Administration–approved labeling, does not seem to be beneficial, and ESA therapy should be discontinued. The Committee recommends monitoring iron stores and supplementing iron intake for ESA-treated patients. ESAs should be used cautiously with chemotherapy, or in clinical states, associated with elevated risk for thromboembolic complications. The Committee also cautions against ESA use for patients with cancer who are not receiving chemotherapy, since recent trials report increased thromboembolic risks and decreased survival under these circumstances.
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50

Newton, W. A., E. H. Soule, A. B. Hamoudi, H. M. Reiman, H. Shimada, M. Beltangady, and H. Maurer. "Histopathology of childhood sarcomas, Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Studies I and II: clinicopathologic correlation." Journal of Clinical Oncology 6, no. 1 (January 1988): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1988.6.1.67.

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Histopathologic material from 1,782 patients registered in the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Committee (IRS)-I and -II were reviewed by the IRS Pathology Committee in order to provide a uniform approach to classification and correlate patient survival with tumor type. Categories considered eligible were the four types of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) (criteria of Horn and Enterline), extraosseous Ewing's tumor (EOE), and a group of somewhat variable undifferentiated sarcomas designated small round cell sarcoma, type indeterminate (STI). Tumors that were clearly sarcomas but were unclassifiable also were included (NOS). The committee diagnoses were embryonal (Emb) RMS in 877 (54%), alveolar (Alv) RMS in 343 (21%), botryoid (Botr) RMS in 88 (5%), pleomorphic (Pleo) RMS in 11 (1%), STI in 135 (8%), and EOE in 84 (5%). One in nine were mixtures of types, eg, Emb and Alv. Five percent of the sarcomas could not be classified because of inadequate material. In general, there was close agreement (94%) between the review committee and institutional pathologists in the diagnosis of RMS, but not in the specific types, particularly Alv RMS (41%) and STI (36%). This observation is important, since patients with Alv RMS and STI tumors had decreased survival compared with the other histologies. The prognosis varied by histology, with Botr having the best, Alv RMS and STI the worst, and Emb RMS and EOE an intermediate prognosis.
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