Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cancer in women'
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Housel, Rebecca Anne Languages & Linguistics Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences UNSW. "My truth: women speak cancer." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Languages & Linguistics, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40732.
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1) My Truth: Women Speak Cancer is a creative nonfiction based on three years of interviews with twelve survivors told through the lens of the author's experience as a three-time, sixteen-year survivor of multiple cancers. Each chapter features a different survivor and her story; the cancers discussed include non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Osteosarcoma, Melanoma, as well as brain, ovarian, breast, and thyroid cancers. Current definitions, treatments and statistics are included at the end of each chapter. The book ends with a comprehensive After Words, combining poetry and prose, taking the reader on a further journey of introspection on life, love, friendship, and loss. 2) The Narrative of Pathogynography is a critical exegesis using established theory in the fields of creative writing, sociology, ethnography, literature, and medicine to examine and further define the sub genre of the theoria, poiesis and praxis involved in creating women's illness narrative, or what Housel terms, pathogynography. Housel develops original terminology to define yet undiscovered spaces based on her work in My Truth: Women Speak Cancer.
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Ratima, Keri, and n/a. "Cervical cancer in Maori women." University of Otago. Dunedin School of Medicine, 1994. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070601.112003.
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This thesis is concerned with cervical cancer amongst New Zealand women, particularly Maori women. Maori women have an alarmingly high incidence of cervical cancer, approximately three times higher than non-Maori women. Maori women experience one of the highest rates of cervical cancer in the world.
Chapter one, two and three form the introductory section of the thesis, Section A. Chapter one provides an overview of cervical cancer incidence in the world, followed by a more detailed analysis of the occurrence of cervical cancer in New Zealand and a discussion of the aetiological factors of cervical cancer. Cervical screening is discussed in Chapter two. The ethnic differences in incidence and mortality of cervical cancer between Maori and non-Maori and possible reasons for these differences are studied in Chapter three.
Section B consists of the original work undertaken. A pilot study (Chapter four) was conducted to trial the methods for the national study (Chapter five). The national study was a retrospective review of the cervical smear histories of Maori women first diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer over a recent two year period in order to investigate why Maori women have not had their disease detected by screening and treated at the intraepithelial stage. Maori women�s knowledge of and attitudes towards cervical screening were obtained in a survey in Ruatoria (Chapter six).
Section C concludes with a chapter (Chapter seven) on the conclusions and recommendations based on the material reviewed and the work undertaken.
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Nordlund, Anders. "Smoking and cancer among Swedish women /." Linköping : Tema, Univ, 1998. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp98/arts174s.htm.
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DellaRipa, Judith. "Distress in Women with Ovarian Cancer." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3458.
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Clinicians and researchers know that women experience distress related to the diagnosis of and treatment for ovarian cancer. A review of the literature revealed that while there is interest in the topic, distress is inconsistently defined and measured. Women have been reported to have a variety of distress experiences including the challenges of late diagnosis and the treatment regimen, communication difficulties with healthcare providers, and concern about the effect of their diagnosis on their loved ones. Without information directly from women, assumptions predominate about what the experience is like and what they would find helpful from support persons. Women’s perceptions about distress was identified as a gap in the knowledge leading to the present study which asked “What do women with ovarian cancer want their spouse/significant other, family, friends, and healthcare providers to know about their experience of distress during diagnosis and treatment?” A qualitative method, Grounded Theory as outlined by Glaser and Strauss in 1967 was chosen to guide this IRB approved study. Twelve women participated in audiotaped interviews contributing data for analysis using the constant comparative method. Six common themes or subcategories emerged across all the interviews and resulted in a conceptualization of the experience as an “existential assault.” Though individual experience differed, abstraction and conceptualization of the data revealed the common themes as (a) “out of the blue like lightning”; (b) “no stone left unturned”; (c)“knowing what I don’t want to know and not knowing what I want to know”; (d) “watching you, watching me- we are both afraid”; (e) “talking yet not talking, about death”; and (f) “now I have to take care of me.” Participants expressed the need for professional support people who contribute their efforts to cure, but who also listen to the participant’s need to manage and control their own experience and to live in ways that give their life meaning and purpose. The experience of distress for the participants was intensified by the needs of those in their social network (spouse/significant other, family, friends, and healthcare providers) who also experienced distress, at times requiring participants to provide support for those who would be expected to be providing support.
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Coffey, Catherine Judith. "Risk factors for anogenital cancers in postmenopausal women : the Million Women Study." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4d238974-8ece-4aad-8345-45448fd4389f.
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Background: Anal, vulval and vaginal cancers predominantly affect postmenopausal women. Over 85% of registrations occur after the age of 50. Risk factors for these cancers, other than high-risk human papillomaviruses, are not well defined. Methods: 1.3 million UK women, mostly aged 50-65 at recruitment, were followed for incident anogenital cancer. Cox regression models with age as the underlying time variable were used to calculate adjusted relative risks associated with various lifetime exposures. Results: 570 anal, 898 vulval, and 170 vaginal cancers were registered over an average 13.8 years of follow-up. History of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN 3) prior to recruitment was associated with a 4-fold increase in risk of anal cancer, a doubling of risk of vulval cancer, and a 7-fold increase in risk of vaginal cancer. Significant associations were also seen for past cervical cytological abnormalities, with an increase in risk of anal cancer for low-grade, and an increase in risk of all three cancers associated with high-grade abnormalities. Anal cancer risk was also associated with smoking, prior use of oral contraceptives, nulliparity, tubal ligation, and not living with a husband/partner. Risk of vulval cancer was increased in overweight, obese women, and those with a menopause prior to age 50. Risk of vaginal cancer was increased amongst women who were nulliparous, overweight or obese, who had a hysterectomy prior to recruitment, or who were not married or living with a partner. Conclusions: Despite anatomical proximity and histological similarities of the anogenital tissues, anal, vulval and vaginal cancers have heterogeneous associations with many lifetime exposures, suggesting differences in aetiology. Past high-grade cervical abnormalities are a marker of increased risk of subsequent anogenital cancer, but only a small proportion of women with such a history go on to develop anal, vulval or vaginal cancer later in life.
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Fulton, Janet Schwartz. "Identifying meaning in the cancer experience for women with breast cancer /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487684245467629.
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Chan, Suk-fong Cecilia, and 陳淑芳. "Coping and adaptation: women with breast cancer." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3124743X.
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Dang, Linda. "Breast Cancer Foundation for Asian American Women." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10784505.
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Millions of women are diagnosed with breast cancer every year in the United States. In San Bernardino County breast cancer rates are increasing each year among Asian American women. It is considered to be the second leading cause of death compared to other cancers among Asian women. In the Inland Empire, there is a lack of health services aimed specifically at Asian Americans. The foundation aspires to be culturally competent and bring breast cancer awareness to all women. Through an expansive service that includes a navigation program lead by breast cancer survivors, outreach to local health care institutions for breast cancer screenings, as well as offering mental health counseling and seminars to help women and their families cope with their diagnosis as well as post-treatment care. The Breast Cancer Foundation for Asian American Women (BCFAAW) is a not-for-profit organization that aims to provide education, support, and advocacy for the Asian community throughout the Inland Empire.
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Chan, Suk-fong Cecilia. "Coping and adaptation : women with breast cancer /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1985. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12322325.
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Duong, Diep Ngoc 1958. "Self-care in women with breast cancer." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558177.
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Hackman, Marcia. "Coping strategies of women with breast cancer." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276869.
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An ethnographic study was utilized to identify coping strategies of women with breast cancer. Five women were interviewed; four were interviewed on three separate occasions, and one was interviewed twice. The data were analyzed for specific coping strategies taken by the women to deal with the stresses of breast cancer. These strategies were compared and organized into categories of coping strategies: Actions Taken, Emotional Support, Positive Outcomes, Getting Control, and Keeping a Positive Attitude. These five categories were integrated as new coping incidents appeared in the data. The original five categories were merged into three categories: Getting Control, Compensating, and Emotional Support. From these three categories the theory was written: Women with breast cancer will obtain support, get control over what they can control, and compensate for what they cannot control.
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Risendal, Betsy Corsino 1962. "Cancer screening among urban American Indian women." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288796.
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Existing information about cancer among American Indians, although limited, suggests that incidence and mortality rates are increasing. Cancer is now the second leading cause of death among American Indian women. American Indians also have the poorest cancer survival of any group in the US. Improving the early detection of cancer is key to reducing mortality and improving survival. This study assessed screening rates and behaviors for breast and cervical cancer, two of the main causes of cancer death in American Indian women. The health beliefs and practices of urban American Indian women, a group which comprises half of this special population, were the focus of this cross-sectional random household survey. Our results are similar to the results of other studies which indicate that breast and cervical cancer screening rates in American Indian women are below both national estimates and goals set forth by the Public Health Service for the Year 2000. The prevalence of recent mammogram among urban southwestern American Indian women surveyed (35.7%) was less than half that of the US population, and only 49.5% indicated they had received a Pap smear in the last year in accordance with current guidelines for this high-risk population. Rate of physician referral for several cancer risk reduction programs also did not meet recommended levels. Improving health care access and knowledge and awareness of cancer screening are other potential ways of increasing screening participation, and more research is needed to promote the link between lifestyle habits and long-term health promotion in urban southwestern American Indian women.
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Jay, Z. "Peer support for women with gynaecological cancer." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445610/.
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This thesis is presented in three parts. Part One is a literature review of the key issues faced by women with gynaecological cancer, the need for psychosocial interventions, and the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in meeting this need. Part Two presents the empirical paper. This paper explores how a new peer support service for women with gynaecological cancer was experienced by both the peer helpers and the women they were supporting. In Part Three, the issues and challenges raised during the completion of the empirical study are discussed.
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Reed, Delanna. "Stories of Strong Women Presented for Women Cancer Survivor Retreat, Oncology Services." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1293.
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Redha, Afrah N. "Immigrant Arab women : knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards breast cancer and cancer awareness practice." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2015. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/immigrant-arab-women(caba81d9-56e3-4d32-b288-2ca93f370beb).html.
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Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women of all ethnic groups. Breast cancer awareness reduces mortality and improves survival rates, but low levels of awareness have been attributed to various factors. To date, little is known about what factors influence breast cancer awareness among immigrant Arab women in the UK. The aim of this research was to explore the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs related to breast cancer awareness practices with Arab women living in England. Methodology: A qualitatively driven mixed methods approach was adopted. The first phase used semi-structured one-to-one interviews with 10 women. The second phase comprised two focus groups with 34 women from Portsmouth and London. A quantitative approach using the Breast Cancer Awareness Measurement questionnaire was also administered to describe first and second generation women’s knowledge, perceived risk factors and barriers to seeking medical help, compare and contrast data from these two paradigms. Findings: A lack of knowledge about breast cancer awareness, among Arab women of both generations, was evident across two phases. Revealing that socio-cultural, religious beliefs and health services barriers play an important role in shaping Arab women’s experiences and practices. Comparisons across generations showed trends towards increased knowledge for second generation women, but the findings were not statistically significant except anticipated delay in seeking help (p < 0.001). The second phase, focus group discussions, revealed both strengths and weakness of current breast cancer educational leaflets with suggestions to improve format, layout, content and availability. The qualitative data provided contextual data on additional barriers which were, not revealed in the B-Cam measurements and descriptors. Conclusion: Low levels of knowledge and lack of confidence among Arab women indicate a strong need to increase relevant breast cancer awareness such as mass media and community health campaigns, together with an enhanced participation of health care providers.
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LeitÃo, Nilza Maria de Abreu. "Assessment of health-related quality of women with cancer of women with breast and ovarian cancer in adjuvant chemotherapy Life." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11918.
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This research work aimed to assess the Health-Related Quality of Life of women with breast and gynecological cancer undergoing adjuvant antineoplastic chemotherapy. A descriptive study with cross-sectional design and quantitative approach. The research took place at the chemotherapy ward of a nonprofit tertiary referral hospital for cancer surgery in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. The study sample consisted of 72 women. Data collection happened from April to May 2012. After given informed consent, all women participated in individual interviews and completed the research protocol consisting of a questionnaire of socio-demographic data and the scale of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer: Quality of Life Evaluation in cancer patients (QLQ-C30 version 3.0). From the analytical study, we highlight the following results: most patients considered the overall QOL measure as âgreatâ with predominant scores 06 and 07. The sub-scale of the item for Social Functioning had the best score with 54.2. On the other hand, we observed the worst performances of women in the Role Performance, Emotional, Physical, and Cognitive Functioning. Regarding the most frequent or intense symptoms, the most reported were pain, fatigue, insomnia, and loss of appetite. At the opposite extreme were dyspnea, nausea and vomiting, with a mean score of 81.9 and 86.1, respectively. The item relating to Financial Difficulty represented a factor that negatively influences the Quality of Life with representation of 44.4 on the average score. Thus, we conclude that the interaction between clinical situation and treatments for the coexisting disease have cumulative and deleterious effects on Quality of Life, emphasizing the specific concerns related to cancer. It is worth mentioning that the predictive factors for Health-Related Quality of Life identified in this study should receive more attention in the health care practice, they may represent also starting points for future studies that address in depth the different aspects involving the QOL of cancer patients.Este trabalho de investigaÃÃo teve como objetivo avaliar a Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à SaÃde de mulheres com cÃnceres de mama e ginecolÃgico submetidas à quimioterapia antineoplÃsica adjuvante. Estudo de natureza descritiva com delineamento transversal e abordagem quantitativa. O local da pesquisa foi o setor de quimioterapia de uma instituiÃÃo hospitalar filantrÃpica de nÃvel terciÃrio e referÃncia em cirurgia oncolÃgica na cidade de Fortaleza-Ce. A amostra do estudo foi composta por 72 mulheres. A coleta de dados foi realizada no perÃodo de abril a maio de 2012. ApÃs dado o consentimento informado, todas as mulheres participaram de uma entrevista individual e preencheram o protocolo de investigaÃÃo constituÃdo por um questionÃrio de dados sÃcio demogrÃficos e pela escala da European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer: AvaliaÃÃo da Qualidade de Vida do doente oncolÃgico (QLQ-C30 versÃo 3.0). Do estudo analÃtico realizado, destacam-se os seguintes resultados: A medida global de QV foi considerado pela maioria como âÃtimaâ com predomÃnio das notas 6 e 7. A sub-escala no item Funcionamento social obteve melhor escore com 54,2. Em contrapartida, os piores desempenhos das mulheres foram observados no nÃvel do Desempenho de PapÃis, Funcionamento Emocional, FÃsico e Cognitivo. Quanto aos sintomas mais frequentes ou intensos foram relatados a dor, fadiga, insÃnia e perda de apetite. No extremo oposto, estavam a dispnÃia, nÃuseas e vÃmitos, com um escore mÃdio de 81,9 e 86,1, respectivamente. O item referente à Dificuldade Financeira mostrou-se como fator que influencia negativamente na Qualidade de Vida com representaÃÃo de 44,4 na mÃdia de escore. Conclui-se que a interaÃÃo entre os quadros clÃnicos e os tratamentos da doenÃa coexistente tem efeitos cumulativos e deletÃrios sobre a Qualidade de Vida, acentuando as preocupaÃÃes especÃficas relacionadas ao cÃncer. Ressalta-se que os fatores preditivos de Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à SaÃde identificados neste estudo devem ser foco de maior atenÃÃo na prÃtica assistencial e podem representar pontos de partida para estudos futuros que abordem, em profundidade, os diferentes aspectos que envolvem a QV de pacientes com cÃncer.
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Leung, Lisa. "Occupational exposures and cancers in women." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASR014.
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Contexte : Des résultats issus d'études sur les migrants suggèrent que les facteurs de risque environnementaux peuvent jouer un rôle dans la pathogenèse du cancer du sein, de l'ovaire et du poumon. Néanmoins, l'étiologie de ces cancers reste mal comprise. Bien que les femmes représentent une proportion importante de la main-d'œuvre mondiale, la recherche sur les dangers professionnels auxquels sont exposées les travailleuses demeure limitée. Peu d'études ont examiné les professions fréquentes chez les femmes et les risques professionnels liés aux cancers féminins.Objectifs : Etudier les associations entre 1) la profession, les expositions professionnelles et le cancer de l'ovaire, 2) les expositions professionnelles et le cancer du sein, 3) la profession, les expositions professionnelles et le cancer du poumon.Méthodes : Les données de trois études cas-témoins réalisées dans des populations générales de femmes au Canada et en France, qui recueillaient des informations sur l'historique professionnel, ont été utilisées: l'étude PROVAQ sur le cancer de l'ovaire (491 cas, 897 témoins), l'étude CECILE sur le cancer du sein (1 206 cas, 1 294 témoins) et l'étude WELCA sur le cancer du poumon (731 cas, 751 témoins). Dans ces trois études, un hygiéniste industriel a codé la profession de chaque emploi de chaque participante. Les codes de profession ont été liés à la matrice emplois-expositions canadienne, permettant ainsi de générer des estimations d'exposition pour de nombreux agents. La relation entre l'exposition à chacun des agents les plus répandus et le risque de cancer a été évaluée : 29 agents pour le cancer de l'ovaire, 49 agents pour le cancer du sein et 41 agents pour le cancer du poumon. Pour les cancers de l'ovaire et du poumon, les professions fréquemment rencontrées ont également été examinées. Les associations avec le risque de cancer pour les professions et les expositions professionnelles ont été estimées à l'aide de la régression logistique et en ajustant pour des facteurs de confusion, identifiés à l'aide de graphes acycliques dirigés.Résultats : Des risques accrus de cancer de l'ovaire ont été suggérés pour les professions dans le domaine de la comptabilité, de la vente, de la coiffure et de la couture, ainsi que pour l'exposition professionnelle à des agents liés aux professions de la coiffure. Pour le cancer du sein, l'exposition professionnelle à des agents, en particulier les poussières de fibres textiles, les solvants organiques, les hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques, les poussières de plastique et les fumées de pyrolyse, était potentiellement associée à des risques accrus. Il a été suggéré que les risques relatifs diffèrent entre les sous-types de cancer du sein et en fonction du statut ménopausique pour certains agents. Pour le cancer du poumon, des odds ratios élevés ont été observés pour l'enseignement, les professions libérales, les cols-blancs, la vente et les services, ainsi que pour de nombreuses expositions professionnelles, dont certaines étaient cohérentes avec des études antérieures chez les femmes, telles que les fumées de cuisson, le formaldéhyde, les solvants organiques, les hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques, les métaux et les peintures/vernis. Les risques de cancer du poumon pour certains agents semblent différer selon le statut tabagique.Conclusions : Certaines professions et expositions professionnelles peuvent être associées à des risques accrus de cancer de l'ovaire, du sein et du poumon chez les femmes. Étant donné que de nombreux résultats étaient imprécis, il est nécessaire de mener d'autres recherches sur des populations générales de femmes afin de reproduire ces résultats. Des études portant sur des échantillons plus importants et l'obtention d'informations provenant de l'évaluation par des experts, permettant d'utiliser des méthodes statiques avancées, peuvent être utiles pour distinguer entre les effets des agents corrélés dans l'estimation du risque de cancerBackground: Evidence from migrant studies suggests that environmental risk factors may play a role in the pathogenesis of breast, ovarian, and lung cancers, yet the etiology of these cancers remains poorly understood. Women account for a significant proportion of the labour force worldwide, yet research on occupational hazards of female workers is limited. Few studies have examined occupations common to women and occupational risks in relation to female cancers.Objectives: The specific objectives of the thesis were: 1) to study the association between occupation, occupational exposures and ovarian cancer, 2) to study the association between occupational exposures and breast cancer, and 3) to study the association between occupation, occupational exposures and lung cancer in women.Methods: Data from three population-based case-control studies on women in Canada and France that collected occupational history information was used to achieve the objectives: the PROVAQ study on ovarian cancer (491 cases, 897 controls), the CECILE study on breast cancer (1,206 cases, 1,294 controls), and the WELCA study on lung cancer (731 cases, 751 controls). In all three studies, an industrial hygienist coded the occupation of each participant's job. Job codes were linked to the Canadian job-exposure matrix, thereby generating exposure estimates for many agents. The relationship between exposure to each of the most prevalent agents and cancer risk was assessed, specifically 29 agents for ovarian cancer, 49 agents for breast cancer, and 41 agents for lung cancer. For ovarian and lung cancers, prevalent occupations were additionally examined by comparing participants employed in an occupation for <10 years and ≥10 years vs. never employed in the occupation. Associations with cancer risk for occupations and occupational exposures were estimated using logistic regression and adjusting for minimally sufficient confounder sets, identified using directed acyclic graphs.Results: Excess ovarian cancer risks were suggested for accountancy, sales, hairdressing, and sewing occupations, and for occupational exposure to agents linked to hairdressing-related occupations. Interpretations of results for single agents were limited due to multiple correlated exposures. For breast cancer, occupational exposure to agents, particularly textile fibre dusts, organic solvents, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, plastic dusts and pyrolysis fumes, were potentially associated with increased risks. Relative risks were suggested to differ among breast cancer subtypes and according to menopausal status for some agents. For lung cancer, elevated odds ratios were observed for teaching, professional, white-collar, sales, and service occupations, and for numerous occupational exposures, some of which were consistent with previous studies in women, such as cooking fumes, formaldehyde, organic solvents, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, metals, and paints/varnishes. Lung cancer risks for some agents were suggested to differ by smoking status.Conclusions: Certain occupations and occupational exposures may be associated with excess ovarian, breast, and lung cancer risks in women. As many odds ratios observed were imprecise, further population-based research on women is warranted to replicate findings. Studies with larger sample sizes and expert assessment information that can perform more advanced statistical methods accounting for multiple exposures may be useful in disentangling the effects of correlated agents in the estimation of cancer risk
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Moslehi, Roxana. "Genetic studies of ovarian cancer in Jewish women." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0021/NQ56590.pdf.
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Hagan, Kara Ann. "BREAST CANCER TRENDS AMONG KENTUCKY WOMEN, 2004-2007." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/foodsci_etds/2.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the discrepancies of female breast cancer mortality between the Appalachian and Non-Appalachian regions of Kentucky using data from the Kentucky Cancer Registry. This study identified subtype, reproductive, and regional differences in women with breast cancer in Kentucky. Among women with breast cancer living in Kentucky from 2004 to 2007, one and three live births significantly increased a woman’s risk of breast cancer mortality by 91% and 58% respectively, compared to a woman with zero live births. Progesterone receptornegative tumor status significantly increased a woman’s risk of breast cancer mortality by 64% compared to women with progesterone receptor-positive breast cancer. Residence in the Appalachian region significantly increased a woman’s risk of breast cancer mortality by 3.14-fold. After adjusting for regional interactions, progesterone receptor-negative tumor status in the Appalachian region increased a woman’s risk of breast cancer mortality by 3.13-fold. These findings suggest parity and estrogen receptor tumor status do not contribute to the breast cancer differences between the Appalachian and Non-Appalachian region of Kentucky. The association between progesterone receptor status and Appalachian residency suggest factors associated with the Appalachian region provide the poorest prognosis for a woman with breast cancer in Kentucky.
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Chau, Hau-yan, and 周厚仁. "Symptom clusters among Chinese women with breast cancer." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48422563.
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Background: breast cancer patients were found to experience multiple concurrent symptoms. These concurrent symptoms (termed symptom cluster) could have synergistic effects on patient functional status and quality of life. Understanding symptom cluster provided us new insight in symptom assessment and symptom management. Previous studies on symptom cluster among breast cancer patients focused on Caucasian. The current study attempt to identify symptom cluster and the factors associated with it among Chinese breast cancer patients.
Methods: this study was a secondary analysis on a sample of 348 breast cancer patients. Data on symptom distress (assessed by Memorial symptom Assessment scale Short Form) was retrieved. Symptom clusters were identified through factor analysis using principal components method and Varimax rotation. Demographics and medical characteristics were proposed to be associated with symptom cluster. Uni-variate analysis and linear regression performed on these variables.
Results: four symptom clusters (namely gastrointestinal cluster, general malaise cluster, self image cluster, and cutaneous cluster) were identified. Recurrence of breast cancer and chemotherapy were associated with either gastrointestinal cluster or general malaise cluster. Age, cancer status and occupation were associated with self image cluster while no variable was associated with cutaneous cluster.
Conclusion: The current study provided empirical evidence that Chinese breast cancer patients experienced similar symptom clusters as Caucasian. Future study could be done to verify these four symptom clusters and identify underlying mechanism.
Recommendations: health care providers could pay more attention to those suffer from breast cancer recurrence or currently receiving chemotherapy. These patients tend to experience gastrointestinal cluster and general malaise cluster. Clinical setting and evaluation tools could be adjusted to fit these high risk groups.published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
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Payne, Sheila. "Quality of life in women with advanced cancer." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328512.
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Crank, Helen Joanne. "Exercise therapy in women treated for breast cancer." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2007. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20648/.
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Treatment for breast cancer can result in reduced quality of life (QoL), psychological and physical well-being. Evidence suggests that exercise may be of therapeutic benefit for breast cancer patients. To date, however, no randomised controlled trial in the UK has examined the effects of aerobic exercise therapy upon QoL and associated outcomes in women who have completed breast cancer treatment. Furthermore no trial has included an exercise-placebo and a usual care group to control for possible attention effects arising from instructor-patient interaction. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to examine the effects of a supervised one-to-one aerobic exercise-therapy intervention upon QoL and associated outcomes in women who had completed treatment for breast cancer 12-36 months previously. Additional aims of the thesis were to provide detailed information about participants' adherence to the trial interventions and to examine the most effective methods of recruitment into the trial. A qualitative study was also included to explore the personal exercise experiences of participants who took part in the exercise therapy and exercise-placebo interventions. The sample consisted of 108 sedentary women who had been treated for breast cancer 12-36 months previously. The mean age of the participants was 51 years (age range 32-65years). The primary route of recruitment was via clinician invitation letters. Participants were randomised to one of three groups: exercise therapy (n=34), exercise-placebo (n=36) or usual care (n=38). The exercise therapy and exercise-placebo groups attended one-to-one supervised sessions three times a week for a period of eight weeks (24 sessions in total). The exercise therapy group participated in moderate intensity aerobic exercise and received exercise counselling designed to promote exercise participation. The exercise-placebo group participated in light flexibility, mobility and body conditioning exercises and did not receive exercise counselling. Repeated measures mixed analyses of covariance (controlling for baseline scores) revealed a significant mean difference of 9.8 units in the primary outcome (QoL), Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT-G)-General scale, favouring exercise therapy at eight week follow-up relative to usual care. The exercise placebo group did not report similar statistical significant benefits. Significant differences favouring exercise therapy relative to usual care were found for FACT-B (breast cancer specific QoL), social/family well-being, functional well-being and breast specific concerns subscales. Outcomes including depression, physical self-worth and aerobic fitness improved significantly in the exercise therapy group compared to usual care. Adherence to both exercise interventions was excellent. The estimated trial recruitment rate based on clinician invitation was 28.6%.Findings from the qualitative study revealed participants perceived the exercise interventions had accelerated their psychological and physical recovery from breast cancer. A patient-centred approach mediated exercise enjoyment and adherence. This pioneering study demonstrated that exercise therapy was a safe, tolerable intervention that elicited short-term, clinically important benefits upon QoL in women treated for breast cancer. Future research should focus on sustaining QoL benefits through longer-term exercise participation and the feasibility of integrating exercise rehabilitation into mainstream breast cancer care.
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Sveund, Jennifer. "The Experience of Qigong Among Women Cancer Survivors." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1506194798445608.
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Hammond, Marsha V. "Breast Cancer Screening Health Behaviors in Older Women." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278973/.
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Health beliefs of 221 postmenopausal women were assessed to predict the Breast Cancer Screening Behaviors of breast self-examination (BSE) and utilization of mammography. Champion's (1991) revised Health Belief Model (HBM) instrument for BSE, which assesses the HBM constructs of Seriousness, Susceptibility, Benefits, Barriers, Confidence and Health Motivation, was utilized along with her Barriers and Benefits instrument for mammography usage. Ronis' and Harel's (1989) constructs of Severity-Late and Severity-Early were evaluated along with Cuing and demographic variables. These exogenous latent constructs were utilized in a LISREL path model to predict Breast Cancer Screening Behavior.
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Kim, HaNa. "Understanding Death Anxiety in Women with Gynecologic Cancer." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/2539.
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Nji, Anna Nkapsah. "Perceptions of Cameroonian Women Regarding Cervical Cancer Prevention." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2223.
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Women in Cameroon as well as those residing in the Maryland-Washington Metropolitan area and the Diasporas suffer a disproportionate rate of cervical cancer morbidity and mortality due to the vast disproportion in the distribution of healthcare services. The widespread human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination holds promise for helping to attenuate the disproportion in cervical cancer screening and prevention services. Literature from other countries including Cameroon suggests that barriers to the uptake of cervical cancer screening include: culture, religion, the psychological impact of embarrassment, the influence of husbands, cost, discomfort, and vulnerability. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the perceptions of the Cameroonian women regarding cervical cancer prevention, taking into consideration parental attitudes, their knowledge, and their beliefs about the acceptance and usage of the HPV vaccines and other screening services. A survey was designed from a combination of 2 separate instruments as developed, tested, and validated by Kahn et al. (2008) and Griffioen et al. (2012) for this qualitative study. The open-ended survey questions were completed by women who volunteered to participate. Data were collected between April and May, 2015. Eighty women volunteered to participate but only 30 were able to return the completed survey. Using the NVivo software version 10, data were inductively coded, analyzed, and major themes were derived. Results showed that although the women knew about HPV, the vaccines, and Pap test, there was still a need for more education. The results of this study will be provided to law makers in Cameroon to reconsider the educational needs and distribution of healthcare services for women in Cameroon.
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Ali, Nashat Shams. "Posttraumatic Growth in Omani Women with Breast Cancer." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6506.
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Researchers have begun to focus on how traumatic experiences, such as breast cancer, can lead to positive psychological outcomes or posttraumatic growth. However, the positive dimensions in Omani breast cancer survivors were not known because most research on posttraumatic growth has been conducted mainly in Western countries. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of Omani women diagnosed and treated with breast cancer to understand posttraumatic growth in this population. Posttraumatic growth served as the theoretical foundation for the study and referred to positive experiences stemming from traumatic situations. The study included a convenience sample of 8 adult Omani women with histories of breast cancer. Data were collected through semi structured, in-depth interviews and was analyzed by thematic analysis technique. Color coding was done to point out the identified initial codes (35) and the codes were organized into 33 subthemes. Qualitative analysis of the data indicated 5 main themes of positive changes: greater appreciation of life, spiritual prosperity, improved interpersonal relations, empowerment and change in philosophy of life. Information from this study may contribute to Arab psychological literature on the personal growth of Arab women with breast cancer. In addition, the findings may lead to social change by helping practitioners diminish psychological debilities in Arab breast cancer survivors and inform interventions for Arab breast cancer survivors to develop coping skills to address future traumatic stress.
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Ko, Celine M. "Health beliefs and cancer prevention practices of Filipino American women." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3213464.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego and San Diego State University, 2006.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 27, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-133).
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Prior, Deborah Margaret. "Cultural strengths and social needs of Aboriginal women with cancer : take away the cancer but leave me whole /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18467.pdf.
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Cullinen, Kathleen Mary. "Obesity and colorectal cancer and the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors related to colorectal cancer prevention among non-Hispanic Black women in Rhode Island /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3206246.
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Ribic, Aida, and Albana Skenderi. "The perception of information among women with breast cancer." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Health Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-3649.
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Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer diseases among women worldwide. Breast cancer brings fear into many womens’ life. It is a threat against life, but also to the psychological health, self-esteem and the female identity. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to describe newly breast cancer patient’s perception of information provided by healthcare personnel. Method: The material for the literature study was searched through databases and manually. The result is based on 12 scientific articles that were critically examined and analysed by qualitative contentanalysis. This resulted into three categories: womens’ information satisfaction, age related information and culture differences. Result: The women expressed dissatisfaction with information they were perceived. They wanted detailed information about the disease, prognos, treatment and side effects from the treatments. Discussion/conclusion: Nurses attention to womens’ needs, experiences and backgrounds could be of vital importance to improve the situation and the percieved information for the women.
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Johnson, Suzanne Michelle. "Molecular analysis of sporadic breast cancer in younger women." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29385.
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This thesis presents molecular genetic evidence to support the hypothesis that sporadic breast carcinomas occurring in this younger age group are biologically different. 31 cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma occurring in women aged 35 years were analysed for loss of heterozygosity and microsatellite instability at 10 polymorphic microsatellite markers in three key chromosomal intervals: 17p 13 (p53), 17q 11-21 (BRACA1 ) and 13q 12-13 (BRCA2). An elevated incidence of LOH was detected at BRCA1(65%) and BRCA2 (74%) when compared to a control group of matched postmenopausal cases (aged 55-72 years) of 35% and 40% LOH respectively (x2 = 5.22, 1 d.f. P < 0.025, x2 = 12.6, 1d.f. P<0.01). MSI was rare. 17/28 cases aged 35 years showed reduced expression of BRCA1 at the mRNA level by RT-PCR, and LOH at BRCA1 was detected in 13 of these (x2 = 5.22 (1d.f.) 0.025. 0.01). In addition, BRCA1 protein expression was reduced or absent in the tumours in comparison to a control group of 31 normal breast samples taken from reduction mammoplasties. 10/31 cases aged 35 years were positive for p53 expression using immunohistochemistry and SSCP analysis of exons 5-8 revealed altered migration in 9/10 cases. Sequencing confirmed the presence of missense mutations in the DNA binding domain in two of the tumours. In summary, these data demonstrate a high frequency of genetic alterations supporting a role for BRCA1, BRCA2 and p53 in the development of this particular group of sporadic breast carcinomas in young women.
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Dunlop, Alicia Anne. "Learning from women with breast cancer, an ethnographic study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ34260.pdf.
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Hinnen, Stefan Cornelis Herman. "Distress and spousal support in women with breast cancer." [S.l. : Groningen : s.n. ; University Library of Groningen] [Host], 2007. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/305351095.
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Ptolemy, Erin Christine. "Tobacco exposure and breast cancer : perspectives of young women." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/41023.
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Based on available evidence researchers have concluded that young women who smoke or have regular long-term exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) have an increased risk of developing premenopausal breast cancer. To date there have been few efforts aimed at raising awareness among young women about this modifiable risk factor for breast cancer. The aim of this research was to further knowledge about young women aged 15 to 24 as an audience for messaging about tobacco smoke and breast cancer. Young women (n=121) responded to an online survey examining perceived importance of and interest in risk and risk reduction information, as well as potential barriers and strategies to messaging related to tobacco smoke and breast cancer risk. Participants ranged in age from 15 to 24 years, with the average age of participants being 21 years (SD= 2.21). The findings indicate that in general young women were interested in information about tobacco exposure as a risk factor for breast cancer. Most participants identified that information about smoking and SHS is important to them at this stage of their life, and most participants reported that they were interested in learning about how to reduce their risk for tobacco-related breast cancer. Age was found to be an important factor influencing young women’s perceptions, with young adults holding more favourable attitudes towards information about breast cancer and smoking than teens. Potential barriers to messaging that young women identified include lack of motivation to find this information, not thinking about the long-term consequences of their actions, and beliefs that breast cancer is “something older women get”. Messaging strategies participants perceived as effective included providing young women with facts and personal stories of breast cancer, hearing about this information from peers, and targeting all smokers who place young women at risk for breast cancer with public awareness messages about smoking and breast cancer. These findings have important implications for future research, health messaging, policy development, and practice.
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Spence, Andrea Rose. "Process of care failures in women with cervical cancer." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=107607.
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Background: In the year 2010, approximately 1,300 incident cases of cervical cancer are predicted to have been diagnosed in Canada, making it the 3rd most common cancer among Canadian women between the ages of 20-49 years. There are reliable screening tools, diagnostic tests and effective treatments for pre-invasive lesions and early stage cancers. Thus, theoretically, invasive cervical cancer is a preventable disease. Objective: To assess the quality of health care that women with invasive cervical cancer received within 5 years prior to their diagnosis. The goal was to determine deficiencies in Pap screening and diagnostic and treatment care of pre-invasive lesions of study subjects. Methodology: A case-control study was conducted. Study subjects were long-term residents of Montreal or Laval who were diagnosed with histologically-confirmed primary cervical cancer between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2004. The identification of cases was done by the Quebec tumour registry and by hospital medical records departments. Cervical screening, diagnostic, and pre-invasive lesion treatment histories were obtained from hospital medical charts, hospital cytology laboratories, subject (or proxy) interviews, and physician questionnaires. The main time window of observation was the interval 5 years before diagnosis but lifetime screening histories were also considered. Processes of care were assessed as per explicit medical review criteria, which were based on clinical practice guidelines and based on consensus by clinical co-investigators. The respondents of the Canadian Community Health Survey (cycle 2.1) and a matched sample of non-cervical cancer cases obtained from the Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec were used as a comparison group for many analyses. Descriptive statistics and regression modelling techniques were performed to assess associations. Results: A total of 568 women were diagnosed with cervical cancer and met all inclusion criteria. Immigrants (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.08-1.82), women in common-law relationships (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.12-2.33), and women who spoke neither French nor English (OR 4.53, 95% CI 2.26-9.07) were at greatest risk of cervical cancer. The majority of cervical cancer cases (whose screening histories could be classified) were screened at least once during their lifetime (90.4%, 95% CI 87.5-93.3) and 9.6% (95% CI 6.7-12.5%) were never screened. Of those women screened in the past, 43.1% (95% CI 38.0-48.2%) were not screened within 5 years of diagnosis. It was found that the greater the time interval since the last Pap, the greater was the risk of cervical cancer. The greatest risk was found for women screened 5 or more years before diagnosis (OR 14.4, 95% CI 9.94-20.91). Cervical cytological abnormalities found by Pap testing were more likely to be appropriately managed in terms of follow-up procedures and timing compared to the follow-up of diagnosed precancerous cervical lesions. Specifically, 12.5% (95% CI 8.7-16.3) of subjects with an abnormal Pap smear and 19.4% (95% CI 13.9-24.9) of subjects with a diagnosed cervical lesion were not followed-up appropriately according to medical criteria. Similarly, 36.7% (95% CI 31.2-42.3) of subjects with an abnormal Pap smear and 52.5% (95% CI 45.5-59.4) of subjects with a cervical lesion were not managed in a timely manner. Conclusion: Most women who were diagnosed with cervical cancer were screened at least once in their lifetimes. However, many women with cervical cancer were not screened within 5 years of diagnosis. If an abnormal Pap test occurred or a precancerous lesion was diagnosed, the processes of care were found to be acceptable in most instances; however, delays in the implementation of these processes were more common. Poor follow-up of diagnosed cervical lesions was found to be more common than poor follow-up of abnormal Pap tests.Durant l'année 2010, environ 1300 cas incidents de cancer du col de l'utérus sont estimés avoir été diagnostiqués au Canada, ce qui en fait la 3e cause la plus importante de cancer chez les femmes canadiennes âgées entre 20 et 49 ans. Objectifs: Évaluer la qualité des soins de santé que les femmes atteintes de cancer invasif du col de l'utérus ont reçus dans les 5 années qui ont précédé leur diagnostic. Le but est de déterminer les faiblesses au niveau du dépistage avec le test Pap, des diagnostics et des traitements des lésions pré-invasives chez les participantes de l'étude. Méthodes: Une étude cas-témoins a été réalisée. Les participantes de l'étude étaient résidantes depuis longtemps à Montréal ou Laval et avaient reçu un diagnostic de cancer primaire du col de l'utérus (confirmé par histologie) entre le 1er janvier 1998 et le 31 décembre 2004. L'identification des cas a été faite par le registre des tumeurs du Québec et par les départements d'archives médicales d'hôpitaux. L'historique du dépistage Pap, du diagnostic et des traitements des lésions pré-invasives a été obtenu à partir de la revue des dossiers médicaux, des laboratoires de cytologie des hôpitaux, des entrevues des participantes (ou proxy) et des questionnaires relatifs aux médecins. La durée d'observation considérée à été principalement la période de 0-5 ans précédant le diagnostic, par contre, tout l'historique de dépistage à vie de la participante a aussi été considéré. Le processus des soins a été évalué selon des critères médicaux définis à partir des guides de pratiques cliniques et de consensus des co-chercheurs cliniciens. Les répondantes à l'Enquête sur la santé de la communauté canadienne (cycle 2.1) et un échantillon apparié de sujets sans cancer du col de l'utérus obtenu de la Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec ont été utilisées comme groupe de comparaison pour plusieurs analyses. Des statistiques descriptives et des techniques de modélisation de régression ont été effectuées pour évaluer les mesures d'association. Résultats: Un total de 568 femmes ont reçu un diagnostic de cancer du col de l'utérus et respectaient les critères d'inclusion. Les immigrantes (OR 1.40, IC 95% : 1.08-1.82), les femmes vivant en union de fait (OR 1.62, IC 95% : 1.12-2.33) et les femmes ne parlant ni français ni anglais (OR 4.53, IC 95% : 2.26-9.07) avaient un plus grand risque de cancer du col de l'utérus. La majorité des cas de cancer du col de l'utérus (celles dont l'historique de dépistage pouvaient être classifié) avait eu au moins un test de dépistage au cours de leur vie (90.4%, IC 95% : 87.5-93.3) et 9.6% (IC 95% : 6.7-12.5) n'avaient jamais eu de test de dépistage. De ces femmes qui ont eu un test de dépistage au cours de leur vie, 43,1% (IC 95% : 38.0-48.2%) n'ont pas eu de dépistage au cours des 5 années précédant leur diagnostic. Le plus haut risque a été trouvé chez des femmes ayant eu un test de dépistage 5 ans et plus avant leur diagnostic (OR 14.4, IC 95% : 9.94-20.91). Spécifiquement, 12.5% (IC 95% : 8.7-16.3) des participantes avec un test Pap anormal et 19.4% (IC 95% : 13.9-24.9) des participantes diagnostiquées avec des lésions cervicales, n'avaient pas eu de suivi approprié selon les critères médicaux définis. De même, 36.7% (IC 95% : 31.2-42.3) des participantes avec un test Pap anormal et 52.5% (IC 95% : 45.5-59.4) des participantes avec des lésions cervicales n'ont pas été gérées de façon appropriée. Conclusion: La plupart des femmes qui ont reçu un diagnostic de cancer du col utérin ont eu au moins un test de dépistage au cours de leur vie. Cependant, plusieurs femmes avec un cancer du col de l'utérus n'ont pas eu de test de dépistage dans les 5 ans précédant leur diagnostic. Si un test Pap anormal survenait ou si des lésions précancéreuses étaient diagnostiquées, le processus des soins a été reconnu comme acceptable dans la plupart des cas; cependant, des délais dans la mise en œuvre de ces processus ont été fréquents.
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Mitchell, Helen Susan. "Women and breast cancer: feminist approaches to genetic information." Thesis, Keele University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491671.
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Genetically predisposed breast cancer, commonly Breast Cancer 1 (BRCA1) . ·or Breast Cancer 2 (BRCA2), accounts for 5-10cro of the 41,000 women . diagnosed with breast cancer in the United Kingdom each year (Breast ~Cancer Care, 2006). The isolation of such genes has resulted in a - .-'perceived mora/responsibility for patients to access, disclose and disseminate information to family members who may be affected (Buller, 2000). This information can be difficult to interpret and poses complex questions of privacy, confi~entiality and discrimination for health care professionals when advising and supporting their patients. To address these questions, this thesis draws in particular on Gilligan's .(1982) research, which suggests that when women are faced with moral . conflicts, they typically focus on their caring commitments and responsibilities towards others (ethic of care), in contrast to men, who frequently adopt a jus+ice/rights oriented approach (ethic of justice). It is not claimed that either ·approach is exclusive to males or females, but that bioethics has traditionally paid little attention to notions of care. To, . address this omission, this thesis builds on the foundation of an ethic of care approach, but concludes that care considerations alone are .. inadequate. Instead, I argue for the integration of an ethic of care with a justice/rights perspective, enabling a fuller analysis of the issues identified. This eclectic approach is further supplemented by a feminist analysis of the traditional autonomy view prevalent within bioethics, .. replacing it with a relational understanding of this concept. This account .. acknowledges the effects of socialisation for individuals and the . «:urtailments to personal autonomy which can result. I argue that the use . of the ethic of care, justice/rights and relational autonomy approach leads to a bett~r understanding of the moral questions being asked. In . practical terms this facilitates a more collaborative approach between health care professionals and their patients, as the 'desires of others, their personal quirks and connections' (Porter, 1999 p.14) become known. This trans-disciplinary approach, in which medicine, nursing and genetics ~. I work collaboratively with the patient, can, I suggest, facilitate a more directive counselling approach which enables health care professionals to advise and support their.patients.
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Robertshaw, Hazel Patricia. "Fatigue in women with breast cancer : a longitudinal study." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435010.
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Muñoz-Rodríguez, José Luis. "Postpartum Breast Cancer in Hispanic Women: Epigenetics and microRNAs." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/603490.
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The risk of breast cancer transiently increases immediately following pregnancy. Hispanic women have one of the highest rates of postpartum breast cancers of all racial/ethnic minority groups in the US. The biology that underlies this risk window and the effect on the natural history of the disease is unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have been shown to be dysregulated in breast cancer. In this study, we measured the miRNA expression of 56 tumors from a case series of multiparous Hispanic women and assessed the pattern of expression by time since last full-term pregnancy. A data-driven splitting analysis on the pattern of 355 miRNAs separated the case series into two groups: a) an early group representing women diagnosed with breast cancer ≤ 5.2 years postpartum (n=12), and b) a late group representing women diagnosed with breast cancer ≥ 5.3 years postpartum (n=44). We identified 15 miRNAs that are differentially expressed between the early and late postpartum groups; 60% of these miRNAs are encoded on the X chromosome. Ten miRNAs had a two-fold or higher difference in expression; miR-138, miR-660, miR-31, miR-135b, miR-17, miR-454, and miR-934 were overexpressed in the early versus the late group; while miR-892a, miR-199a-5p, and miR-542-5p were under expressed in the early versus the late postpartum group. The DNA methylation of three out of five tested miRNAs (miR-31, miR-135b, and miR-138) was lower in the early versus late postpartum group, and negatively correlated with miRNA expression. Taken together, the results of this study show that miRNAs are differentially expressed and differentially methylated between tumors of the early versus late postpartum, suggesting that potential differences in epigenetic dysfunction may be operative in postpartum breast cancers.
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Whyman, Gavin John. "Sporadic breast cancer in young women : a microarray investigation." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29849.
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The aim of this thesis was to test the hypothesis that sporadic breast cancers in young women arise because of a profile of genetic alterations specific to that age group. Previous studies by our research group had identified a higher frequency of Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) in the BRCA1, BRCA2 and p53 intervals in younger breast cancer cases (55 years); BRCA1 and P53 data had been related to protein expression. Investigations of BRCA2 protein and mRNA expression were inconclusive. A higher frequency of skewed X chromosome inactivation was identified in young women (55 years) with sporadic breast cancer in this study (P = 0.017), which might suggest the involvement of an X linked gene in the genesis of these tumours. Although it was not possible to relate cDNA expression levels to genomic copy number changes for individual tumours, the analysis of gene expression changes using Affymetrix Gene Chips identified a number of novel gene targets showing elevated expression in young breast cancers when compared to normal breast organoids. Several statistically significant candidate genes were investigated, and gene expression changes confirmed by qRT-PCR and for RBBP4 by immunohistochemistry. Of the significant gene targets that were ranked by SAM analysis DDB2 and RARRES3 are the most noteworthy. Statistically significant differences in the level of expression of these two genes might suggest that they are novel markers of young breast cancers, meriting investigation in a larger series of cases.
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Hinz, Stefanie. "Prognostic factors in women with stage IIIB cervical cancer." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3045.
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Bibliography: leaves 36-41.This study was designed to identify specific patient and tumour related factors which could be used as prognostic parameters in women with stage IIIB cervial cancer, and to investigate the relationship between these factors and treatment outcome. Primary endpoints were overall survival, disease-free and pelvic recurrence-free survival rates.
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Beckmann, Caroline, and Christina Wersäll. "BREAST CANCER PREVENTION AMONG WOMEN RESIDING IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25611.
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Bakgrund: I Kenya är bröstcancer den vanligaste formen av cancer bland kvinnor. Till skillnad från länder i väst söker inte kenyanska kvinnor vård förrän cancern har utvecklats till de sena stadierna då chansen för överlevnad är låg. Den sent diagnostiserade bröstcancern belastar ett land som redan har begränsade resurser att behandla sjukdomen vilket resulterar i högre dödlighet.Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa hur sjuksköterskor arbetar preventivt med bröstcancer bland kvinnor bosatta i slumområden i Nairobi, Kenya.Metod: En kvalitativ studie med åtta semistrukturerade och öppna intervjuer utfördes med sjuksköterskor på fyra vårdcentraler. Materialet var analyserat med hjälp av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys.Resultat: Resultatet av denna studie visade att sjuksköterskorna i de informella bosättningarna hade kunskap om bröstcancer. De var kunniga i sitt förebyggande arbete och gav information till sina patienter. Det viktigaste för dem var att kunna nå alla kvinnor i samhället och skapa mer medvetenhet. Det var dock ett bekymmer att få kvinnor till att prioritera sin egen hälsa på grund av deras ekonomiska situation.Konklusion: Sjuksköterskorna i de informella bosättningarna är kapabla att ta hand om sina patienter. Det finns dock ett stort behov av medvetenhet i samhället så att kvinnorna söker behandling tidigt. För att kunna tillgodose fullgod vård av patienterna krävs också regelbundna uppdateringar för den medicinska personalen, speciellt sjuksköterskorna, samt ett behov av bättre utrustning i klinikerna.Background: In Kenya breast cancer is the most common cancer in females. In comparison to countries in the western world, Kenyan women generally present when the breast cancer has advanced and chances of survival are low. This late breast cancer diagnosis becomes a considerably larger burden to a country with already limited resources to treat it and results in higher mortality rate.Aim: The aim of the study was to illuminate Kenyan nurses working experience with breast cancer prevention among women residing in informal settlements of Nairobi.Method: A qualitative study with eight semi-structured and open-ended interviews were held with nurses in four health care clinics. The data was analysed by a qualitative content analysis.Results: The result of this study showed that the nurses working in clinics situated in the informal settlements had knowledge of breast cancer. They were capable in their preventative work and gave appropriate information to their patients. The main concern was being able to reach all the women in the community and create more awareness. Another concern was also to make the women prioritise their own health in spite of their financial situation.Conclusion: The nurses in the informal settlements have knowledge of how to take care of their patients. However, there is a great need for awareness in the community so that women seek treatment early. In order to provide sufficient and a more meaningful care for patients, there is need of regular updates for the medical staff, especially nurses, as well as need of better equipment in the clinics.
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Fulton, Colette Louise. "The rehabilitation needs of women with metastatic breast cancer." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19769.
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Each year approximately 26,000 British women develop breast cancer and 16,000 die from their disease. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the United Kingdom. Previously, most studies have focused on the needs of women following surgery for the treatment of primary breast cancer. However, few systematic studies have monitored the needs of women with metastatic disease. The median survival of women with metastatic breast cancer is 19 months and therefore it would seem appropriate to monitor the rehabilitation needs of these women. This study examines the physical, psychological, and social rehabilitation needs of a consecutive series of 80 patients following definitive diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer. These patients were interviewed every eight weeks at home on eight separate occasions and were asked to complete the following standardised questionnaires: The Cancer Rehabilitation Evaluation System (CARES); The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD); and The Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL). In addition, the researcher completed an interview schedule to detail demographic details, current treatment, and which members of the medical team the patient had seen in the previsou month. The researcher also completed the Edinburgh Rehabilitation Status Scale (ERSS) which gives a total score of disability. The results of the descriptive component demonstrated that patients had a range of different rehabilitation needs throughout the course of their illness as defined by the CARES and the ERSS. These needs do not change throughout the course of the metastatic phase of the disease but detection of these problems is extremely low and, as a result, referral to appropriate services does not usually occur. Demographic factors such as age, marital status, social class, and number and age of children were not found to be associated with rehabilitation status. A significant problem in this group of patients was found to be that of mood disturbance and a complex inter-relationship was found to exist between rehabilitation status, age, physical symptomatology and mood using multiple stepwise regression analyses and factor analysis.
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Miller, Demi Ariel, and Demi Ariel Miller. "Physicians Hold Implicit Biases About Women With Cervical Cancer." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625103.
Full textAbstract:
The present study examined healthcare professionals' implicit prejudice and stereotyping toward
cervical cancer versus ovarian cancer. Although prior research has looked at physician bias and
its potential effects on the treatment of patients, there is a deficiency in research specifically
looking at a bias toward cervical cancer patients. This study aimed to answer the question of
whether or not a bias toward cervical cancer versus ovarian cancer exists and if this bias is
moderated by any variables. This study used two implicit association tests (IAT) to determine if
physicians are more likely to implicitly associate cervical cancer with feelings of anger
(prejudice) and risky health behavior (stereotypes), compared to ovarian cancer. Motivation
scales were also utilized to determine internal and external motivation to respond without
prejudice. The results were analyzed through conversion of the response times to D scores and
determination of the significance. It was concluded that prejudice was present without any
moderators, while age was found to be a significant predictor of stereotyping
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Keller, Heidi. "Giving biblical hope and help to women with cancer." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p091-0049.
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Lee, Jennifer Shuwen. "Familial and hormonal factors affecting cancer risks in women /." May be available electronically:, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Taylor, Nicole Erin. "Perceived threat in daughters of women with breast cancer." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2420.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Psychology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Pahria, Tuti. "Indonesian women diagnosed with breast cancer: A hermeneutic process." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/110738/1/Tuti_Pahria_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The research purpose was to construct a hermeneutic understanding of the experience of Indonesian women diagnosed with breast cancer. The research was grounded in Gadamerian philosophy which informed data generation and analysis. The breast cancer experience appeared as an indiscriminate group of actions and events that had no clear beginning, middle and end. The temporal frames through which the women interpreted their worlds and acted, if not arbitrary, were ever shifting and did not exist as a coherent whole. The findings emphasise the importance of bringing a lens that juxtaposes the social, cultural, and historical realms to the temporal experience.
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Toviessi, Paula. "The family health decision-making model family influence on breast cancer screening adherence /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180551704.
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Al, Mull Nuha Abdulwahid M. "Cell-free plasma markers of breast cancer in young women and women at high risk." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/39012.
Full textAbstract:
Breast cancer in younger women can have an aggressive course. In pre-menopausal women (< 50 years in age), mammography has limited value due to higher breast density. Therefore, there is a need for early and accurate detection to improve patient outcomes. The aim of this thesis was to investigate specific microRNAs (miRNAs) and copy number variations (CNVs) in plasma cell free DNA (cfDNA) as circulating biomarkers in the blood of women who have developed breast cancer at a young age (< 50 years) and compare results between breast cancer patients and healthy controls. Candidate miRNAs were selected from TaqMan array card data and quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to investigate miRNA profiles in patient samples and controls. For plasma cfDNA CNV was compared at key chromosome intervals/genes and results compared with matched normal lymphocytes (as a germline DNA control) using both qPCR and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) techniques. Both markers were compared in a cohort of women from a family history clinic (97) including 53 women from either BRCA1 or BRCA2 family and 44 women with a family and/or personal history of breast cancer as well as 12 healthy controls. MiRNA profiling showed that five miRNAs (mir-26a, mir-27b, mir-130b, mir-324-3p, and mir-181a) might be useful in monitoring women at high-risk due to BRCA mutation, on follow-up after breast cancer surgery. Similarly CNV was identified in cfDNA in five genes (MYC, CDKN2A, CCND1, HER2, and DMXL2) in women who had had previous surgery for BRCA1/ BRCA2 breast cancer, but not in BRCA1/BRCA2 carriers or healthy controls. The circulating biomarkers (miRNAs and gene specific amplification) identified in the plasma may have use in monitoring women with breast cancer due to inherited BRCA mutation after surgery and adjuvant therapy.