Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cancer du sein – Thérapeutique'
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Gharavi, Catherine. "Récidive après traitement conservateur pour cancer du sein : registre des cancers de Côte d'Or." Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOM038.
Full textVerrons, Pierre. "Les carcinomes canalaires in situ du sein pris en charge à l'Institut Bergonié de 1963 à 1993, étude rétrospective de 353 cas." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2M114.
Full textGrand, Dominique. "Chimiothérapie première des cancers du sein opérables : résultats préliminaires d'un essai thérapeutique concernant 187 malades." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25012.
Full textAmat, Sophie. "Chimiothérapie néoadjuvante dans le traitement du cancer du sein opérable : intérêt thérapeutique et étude de facteurs prédictifs et pronostiques." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF1MM03.
Full textRey, Nicole. "Traitement conservateur du cancer du sein : extension aux tumeurs de plus de 3 cm de diamètre : à propos de 264 patientes traitées au C.R.L.C. de Montpellier, de 1973 à 1983." Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11135.
Full textAnnas, Nadine. "Traitement d'induction des cancers du sein localement évolués : à propos de 119 cas." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11141.
Full textLézé, Marie-Pierre. "Synthèse et évaluation pharmacologique de composés hétérocycliques, inhibiteurs de l'aromatase." Nantes, 2005. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=9748e6c6-e374-413c-9689-273126104c5c.
Full textAromatase (CYP19) inhibitors are used in the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer in postmenopausal women. A series of indole derivatives bearing a (aryl)(azolyl)methyl side chain on C-2 or C-3 position were synthesized. In order to study the role of the position of this side chain, we prepared some analogues with (aryl)(azolyl)methyl chain fixed at C-4 to C-7 on homocycle. These compounds were obtained either by indole substitution (series 5, 7) or by building of indole ring using Leimgruber-Batcho reaction (series 4, 6). All the molecules were evaluated in vitro for antiaromatase activity and they were also tested on CYP17 inhibition to determine their selectivity. The most active target compounds were evaluated in vitro for thromboxane A2 synthase (CYP5) inhibitory activity in order to identify potent dual inhibitors CYP19/CYP5. The high level of antiaromatase activity encouraged us to separate the enantiomers of the most potent racemates by chiral HPLC
Lo, Monaco Piero. "La biogénèse des ribosomes comme cible thérapeutique dans le cancer du sein." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE1009.
Full textBreast cancer is classified into several subtypes with varying clinical features. In particular, the so-called triple negative subtype is associated with a poor prognosis and a higher probability of recurrence. This is mainly due to the lack of specific targeted therapies. It is then necessary to identify new therapeutic targets in order to develop new drugs. Ribosome biogenesis is altered in most cancers due to the deregulation of the main oncogenic and tumor suppressor pathways, which regulate the activity of RNA Polymerase I, the enzyme responsible for ribosomal RNA transcription. Inhibition of ribosome biogenesis has been validated as a therapeutic tool, on the basis of three compounds that inhibit RNA Polymerase I activity (CX-5461, CX-3543 and BMH-21) that target cancer cells versus healthy cells. Their anti-cancer activity has been reported in several cancers, but the potential benefit of targeting ribosome biogenesis in certain types of breast cancer, including triple negative breast cancer, has not been evaluated yet. Although very little is known about ribosome biogenesis in triple negative breast cancer, there is now urgent need for new therapeutic tools and the potential of inhibiting ribosome biogenesis deserves to be evaluated. In addition, ribosome biogenesis depends on many maturation factors that represent a new family of targets to be explored. Here, the targeting of Fibrillarin is proposed. This may be relevant, as fibrillarin is often overexpressed in triple negative breast cancer and is associated with poor prognosis and risk of recurrence. Several cytotoxic mechanisms have been described in various cancer models upon treatment with RNA Pol I inhibitors and the elicited response appears to be model-specific. At present, since the effect on cells is unpredictable, the characterization of such a response in study models is not unfounded, especially since triple negative breast cancer is overly heterogeneous. The two main objectives of this thesis are: 1. To investigate the sensitivity of triple negative breast cancer lines to inhibition of ribosome biogenesis by pharmacological treatment targeting RNA Polymerase I or by genetic silencing of Fibrillarin; 2. To determine the mechanisms inducing the cytotoxic effect of inhibition of ribosome biogenesis in this model. In this work, using a large panel of cancer cell lines representing four different subtypes of triple negative breast cancer, it is shown that inhibition of ribosome biogenesis by BMH-21 and CX-5461 compounds induces strong cell growth inhibition and loss of the tumorigenic phenotype in vitro. In accordance with the heterogeneity of the model, triple negative cell lines have a wide range of sensitivity, but without association with subtypes according to common classification systems. Regarding induced cellular responses, an interesting phenomenon was observed: although BMH-21 causes apoptosis, no evidence of apoptosis was observed during treatment with CX-5461. In addition, it is demonstrated that inhibition of ribosome biogenesis downstream of RNA Polymerase I, by targeting Fibrillarin, also induces strong inhibition of cell growth, associated with an apoptotic response. Overall, these results suggest that inhibition of ribosome biogenesis could be a promising therapeutic strategy for triple negative breast cancer and validate Fibrillarin and ribosome RNA maturation as a new attractive therapeutic target
Eymard, Jean-Christophe. "Innovation thérapeutique dans le cancer du sein et de la prostate : de la tentative d'optimisation d'une stratégie thérapeutique conventionnelle à l'exploration d'un nouveau concept d'immunothérapie cellulaire." Reims, 2008. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000868.pdf.
Full textBellissent, Aude. "Carcinome intracanalaire du sein : place des traitements conservateurs : à propos de 84 cas." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11095.
Full textPiffre, Sophie. "Utilisation du létrozole dans le traitement du cancer du sein." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P015.
Full textMazaheri, Mahta. "Molecular basis of anti-hormonal treatment and resistance in breast cancer." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/610/.
Full textBreast cancer is the most common type of malignancy among women in the world. Approximately 70% of breast tumours express the estrogen receptor alpha (ERa) and are considered hormone-responsive. Endocrine therapies have long been the treatment of choice. However, the estrogen- like agonist effect and development of resistance of the available selective estrogen receptor modulator such as tamoxifen require developing new treatments that act through different mechanisms. The objective of our study is to design tools that can help to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in ligand-dependent modulation or degradation of ERa. We selected a set of anti-estrogens with different structures and compared their effect on: 1. ERa degradation. 2. Intra-cellular localisation of ERa. 3. Regulation of transcription of ERa- endogenous target genes. 4. Regulation of transcription in the mutants of ERa. Using this mechanistic study we could classify the tested anti-estrogens into three groups based on their function: SERM, SERD and a new group for EM652. SERM (selective estrogen receptor modulator) include compounds such as OH-tamoxifen and RU39411, that stabilise ERa, that re-localize ERa into the nucleus upon binding, that increase transcriptional activity in mutants affecting the recruitment of cofactors or the binding of their side chain and that lack inhibitory capacities of the basal expression of endogenous genes. SERD (selective estrogen receptor modulator) include compounds such as ICI182580 or RU58668, that induce nuclear proteasome-dependent degradation ERalpha which occur in large nuclear foci that colocalize with the proteasome and that inhibit basal gene expression of the endogenous progesterone receptor gene (PGR). Finally, EM652 was found to affect ER degradation and localisation similarly to SERM but inhibited basal gene expression of the endogenous PGR
Vanhecke, Elsa. "Expression et effets biologiques des neurotrophines dans le cancer du sein." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10049/document.
Full textThe laboratory had previously shown the mitogenic and anti-apoptotic roles of NGF for breast cancer ce Ils through activation of its tyrosine kinase receptors TrkA and the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR. ln this work, we show that NGF (nerve growth factor) is expressed by a large majority of breast cancer biopsies and we bring the demonstration of its role in the growth of breast cancer in vivo using a preclinical mode!. These new data indicate that NGF can be considered as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer. These results led us t study the other members of NGF family, the neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF, NT-3 an NT-4/5) which act by binding to the tyrosine kinase receptors TrkB and TrkC and to p75NTR. We show for the first time the expression and secretion of BON F and NT -4/5 by breast cancer cells. The study of their receptor indicates that TrkB is present in a truncated form without intracellular kinase domain ca lied TrkB- T1, whose role remains to be determined, we also confirm the presence of p75NTR and show that it is positively regulated by estrogen. ln contrast, NT -3 and its receptor TrkC were not detected in breast cancer cells. The exogenous stimulation of breast cancer ce Us by the BDNF and NT-4/5 confers resistance to apoptosis via stimulation of p75NTR. ln addition, using blocking antibodies, we highlighted that the BDNF and NT-4/5 released are biologically active since their inhibition increases the number of apoptotic cancer cells in vitro and in mice carrying breast tumor xenografts. ln conclusion, BDNF and NT -4/5 are survival factors for breast cancer cells. This work has led to a better com rehension of the ro-tumour role of neurotro hins in breast cancer
Devins, Claude Olivier. "Récidives locales et régionales du cancer du sein après traitement conservateur." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN1M089.
Full textPancino, Gianfranco. "Identification et caractérisation d'antigènes associés au cancer du sein à l'aide d'anticorps monoclonaux." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPD191.
Full textEspitalier, Marion. "Les cancers inflammatoires du sein PEV3 (ou mastites carcinomateuses) : méthodes et résultats thérapeutiques de 1976 à 1981 au CLRC de Montpellier." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11050.
Full textBouclier, Céline. "Potentiel thérapeutique d'une formulation nanoparticulaire d'ARN interférents ciblant la forme alpha du récepteur des oestrogènes dans le cancer du sein." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA114840.
Full textBreast cancer is the most frequent woman cancer in western countries. Many studies have shown the involvement of the estrogen receptor alpha isotype (ERα) in the estrogen tumorigenicity. My work consisted to develop a therapeutic strategy based on nanoparticular formulation incorporating ERα-targeted siRNA. In vitro, in MCF-7 estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells, siRNA targeting ERα induced a reduced ERα expression and decreased its activity. In vivo, after incorporation in nanocapsules of PEG-PCL/MA, siRNA-ERα leads to slow down tumor growth and to a reduction of ERα expression and tumor vasculature. Co-administration with a pure anti-estrogen potentiated these affects. This could be a promising strategy to potentiate activity of other anti-cancer agents
Dossat, Nadège. "Analyse discriminante des spectres en protéomique dans un but diagnostic et thérapeutique : application au cancer du sein." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON1T009.
Full textThe proteomic is an essential tool in tehe diseases comprehension, such as cancer. The proteins profiling provides an integrated of the disease pocesses at the protein level. The SELDI-TOF mas spectrometry is one of the laboratory tolls employed to find the disease-related proteomic patterns. A mass spectrum contains information on proteind and their fragments. One peak i. E. One local maximum of the mass spectrum represents a protein or a protein fragment. The objective is to seek discriminating biomarkers i. E. The peaks present in the breast cancer and the healthy control groups but with intensities specific to each or the peaks present in only one of the two groups. The problem of this mass spectrompetrytechnique is variability on the X-coordinate (m/z) and Y-coordinate (intensity). La [i. E. The] variability on the X-coodinate makes difficult the identification of the peaks statistically "identical" on the X-coordinate. The variability on the Y-coordinate leads to problems in the mass spectra classification. A prime objectif was to identify the peaks by taking account of the double variability of those. The principle is to model the peak variability on the X-coordinate and on the Y-coordinate by a bivariate normal distribution. Thus, the distribution of the whole of the mass spectra for one group (cancer/control) is modelled by a bivariate normal mixture. The estimation of mixture model parameters is done by using constrained EM algoritm. After the peak identification, the biomarkers can by identified using statistical tests. For ensure us of the reality of the non presence of certain peaks in only one or the two groups, an improvement of the denoising methods of the mass spectra by the wavelts transforms invariant in translation was studied. The noise of the spectra is influenced by chemical process used in technique of spectrometry SELDI-TOF, which gives a noise with a variance which decrease continuously to the X-coordinate. The second part consisted in adapting the thresholding of the wavelets to the specific noise in the mass spectra SELDI-TOF. Adatations of constrained algorithm EM are then necessary to identify new peaks to compare them with those obtained by the groups of methodes developed in the first part
Garval, Catherine. "Cancer du sein non métastatique : traitement locorégional, chimiothérapie et hormonothérapie adjuvantes : résultats d'un protocole thérapeutique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR1M136.
Full textHaensler, Patrick. "Cancer du sein chez l'homme (caractéristiques épidémiologiques, cliniques, thérapeutiques et génétiques à partir de 40 cas traités au C. R. L. C. De Montpellier)." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON11083.
Full textHannoun, Djohar. "Etude des facteurs de risque du cancer du sein en Algérie." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON1T025.
Full textPrunier, Chloé. "Evaluation de l’efficacité thérapeutique d’un nouvel inhibiteur des LIM Kinases « Pyr1 » dans le cancer du sein." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAV052/document.
Full textBreast cancer is the most common diagnosed cancer in women worldwide with an increase of 20% and 14% in terms of incidence and mortality, respectively, in 2008 (GLOBOCAN, 2012). This increase is mainly due to the lack of therapeutics that target the development of metastasis responsible for 90% of cancer death. Moreover, the development of resistance to available chemotherapies limits their effectiveness. It's an urgent need to find new drugs that target the metastatic process and are efficient on resistant cancers.Our team has identified a new LIM Kinase (LIMK) inhibitor called “Pyr1”. LIM Kinases are implicated in the dynamic regulation of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. We previously published data showing that Pyr1 has an anti-mitotic and anti-migratory activity on a cervical cancer cell line. Moreover, a pilot in vivo study has shown that Pyr1 was efficient in a leukemia mouse model where it increases the lifespan of treated compared to control mice (Prudent et al., 2012).LIM Kinases have been shown to be overexpressed in breast cancer. Moreover the chemotherapeutical agents currently used for this kind of cancer belong to the class of taxanes (such as paclitaxel). Taxanes are cytotoxic compound that directly binds to microtubules and stabilizes them. Since Pyr1 treatment also results in microtubules stabilization, with a complete different mechanism of action, we have decided to investigate the anti-cancer effect of Pyr1 on breast cancer cell lines and xenografts, including paclitaxel resistant models.We showed that Pyr1 decreases primary tumor growth and reduces their size. Pyr1 is well tolerated and the anti-tumor effect is also observed on paclitaxel resistant models. We then studied Pyr1 effects on migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Intravital imaging of tumors showed that, whereas Pyr1 didn't slow down tumor cell migration, it induced a cell morphological change. Finally, Pyr1 does not affect metastasis spreading but prevents their growth.These results indicate that LIMK inhibitors, such as Pyr1, may represent a pharmacological alternative for taxanes resistant tumors. Moreover, they could be potent agents to reduce the size of metastasis
Wendling, Cathy-Anne. "Subjectivité et accompagnement clinique des femmes ayant un cancer du sein." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070114.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the cognitive, emotional and imaginary dimensions of the subjectivity of breast cancer patients in western post-modern society from a socio-historical perspective. It also explores the impact of the relationship with the entourage, the healthcare professionals, as well as the influence of the medical treatment and the recourse to alternative medicine on the patients' psyche, taking psycho-neuro-immunological aspects into account. Moreover, the question of the psychosomatic potentialities of the psychological care offered to the ailing subject is also addressed as well as the symbolic and subjective place, the theoretical standpoint and the clinical practice of psychologists working in an oncology department
Dulong, Charlène. "Rôle des canaux sodiques voltage-dépendants dans la physiopathologie des cancers du sein : une cible thérapeutique potentielle." Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUES030.
Full textGinzac, Couvé Angeline. "Modifications métaboliques induites par la prise en charge thérapeutique des patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAS001/document.
Full textThere is a close relationship between breast cancer and weight. If weight excess is a risk factor for the onset of breast cancer, obesity at diagnosis and weight variations (± 5 % of initial weight) during treatement are associated with poor prognosis. Weight loss and weight gain result in an energy imbalance (energy intake and energy expenditure). The caracteristics and causes of these variations are not well described. Fat mass gain seems to be recognized as a factor of poor prognosis hence the importance to understand body composition evolution during breast cancer treatment.In this context, the aims of this thesis were to characterized weight and body compostion variation throughout treatment and to study the factors involved in the energy imbalance of which physical activity and certain components of resting energy expenditure.This thesis works have been centered around three clinical trials. Firstly, MétaCa2 trial that attempted to describe the long term evolution of weight and body composition among no-metastatic postmenopausal breast cancer patients (on average 3 years post-chemotherapy). The results of this study have shown that weight loss during chemotherapy is associated with a later weight gain during adjuvant period of treatment. This study has also demonstrated a weight and fat mass gain during endocrine therapy in the overall population and more especially for the patients with an initial fat mass excess. The increase in time spent sitting between the end of chemotherapy and the initiation of endocrine therapy has been identified has a factor associated with long term fat mass gain.Then, we have explored a hypothesis, supported by our team, suggesting that chemotherapy could have an impact on brown adipose tissue. This one is implied in the adaptative thermogenesis and so in energy expenditure and could contribute to weight gain. For this end, we realised an ancillary study to AVATAXHER trial among 109 HER2+ breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and HER2 targeted therapy. The results have highlighted a significant decrease of BAT metabolic activity after one course of chemotherapy in the overall population and specifically in the subgroup of patients who gained weight during chemotherapy. Physical activity constitutes a possible strategy for individual prevention against weight and body composition variation. In the HER2+ subpopulation, it could also limit the cardiotoxicity of standard treatements. We have set up a prospective interventional trial in order to study the feasibility of a home-based physical activity intervention among HER2+ breast cancer patients currently treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy + targeted therapy. The objective of the intervention is to achieve or maintain a physical activity level corresponding to the international recommendations, i.e. at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week thanks to a personalised program combining aerobic physical activity and muscular strengthening.These original results have contributed to provide new knowledge about weight and body composition variation during early breast cancer treatments and also about some potential causes imply in energy imbalance
Résina, Sarah. "Etude et développement de vecteurs synthétiques pour la délivrance d'acides nucléiques à visée thérapeutique." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20130.
Full textA new therapeutic approach is to modulate the expression of a gene by targeting mRNA by oligonucleotides (i. E. Antisense or siRNA). We studied formulations based on cationic lipids, forming particule complexes with nucleic acids (lipoplexes) making possible oligonucleotide protection and delivery. In our laboratory, we have the unique ability to formulate oligonucleotides within lipoplexes, globally charged either positively or negatively. We showed that they protect and efficiently vectorize nucleic acids in cells in vitro as well as in vivo. These synthetic vectors have various advantages: homogeneous particles and with small sized, reproductibility, poor toxicity, stability in time and efficiency in the presence of serum. We applied these vectors to the delivery of antisense oligonucleotides and siRNA in vitro, respectively in a model of splicing correction containing the aberrant intron of β-thalassemia and in a model of breast cancer. Our results showed that our lipidic vectors provide a good efficiency in delivering oligonucleotides with using these 2 models, either at low concentration or in the presence of serum. Finally, we studied the cell uptake mechanism in cell culture and evaluated the proportion of active transport (principally endocytose), of passive transport (principally fusion) and of membrane fixation of lipoplexes: these seemed to depend on the incubation time, on the transfection medium, on the formulation, and on the global net charge as well as on the size of complexes. In vivo studies must be carried out to evaluate the efficiency and the respective properties of the different developed formulations, in splicing correction and breast cancer experimental animal models
Ory, Lucie. "Du bioguidage à la métabolomique pour l'identification de métabolites fongiques actifs sur des modèles cellulaires du cancer du sein : étude de l'activité de l'ergostérol." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4054.
Full textMarine fungi produce metabolites of wide chemical diversity that can potentially be used for therapeutic purposes. The work carried out during this thesis focused on the detection of bioactive metabolites with antiproliferative action on mammary cancer cell lines. Thus, different approaches of bioguided fractionation, metabolomic profiling (LC-UV-HRMS) and biochemometrics performed on a Penicillium chrysogenum strain, have allowed the isolation and identification of a single molecule responsible for the observed activity: ergosterol, and other molecules. In order to identify bioactive metabolites in a complex mixture at an early stage, a workflow has been proposed and developed, including microfractionation chemical and biological data acquisition and bioinformatics treatment. In this context, acombining 4 statistical models (Spearman, PCA, PLS and PLSDA) was developed with R. Application of this workflow to the P. chrysogenum strain confirmed the importance of ergosterol in the extract activity. The study of this steroid on our breast cancer cell models has shown that it reduces cholesterol by promoting its efflux (via ABC carriers) and decreasing probably its uptake. The reduction in the expression of flotillin-2, EGFR and caveolin-1 in lipid rafts is an evidence of its action on active signalling pathways in cancer cells. These results indicate that ergosterol has an interesting activity on breast cancer cells: it reduces cell proliferation by targeting cholesterol metabolism
Ujoodha, Raj Coomar. "Le tamoxifène et ses dérivés dans le traitement du cancer du sein." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2P053.
Full textArpel, Alexia. "Développement préclinique de peptides thérapeutiques transmembranaires appliqués au traitement du cancer du sein." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ050.
Full textThe role of transmembrane domains (TMD) in membrane receptor activation and regulation is nowadays appearing as a key step of cell signaling. This has been indeed evaluated for neuropilin-1 and -2 (NRP1/2) and ErbB2 receptors, three membrane receptors whose signaling has clearly been implicated in tumorigenesis. Our team had demonstrated that a synthetic peptide blocking the transmembrane domain of NRP1 blocked NRP1-dependent signaling leading to the inhibition of glioma cell proliferation/migration and tumor associated angiogenesis in vivo. The major goal of this thesis project was to extend this novel strategy to NRP2 and ErbB2 in the breast cancer context. Thus, I was able to demonstrate for the first time that the use of peptides, inhibiting the TMD of these receptors, was able to inhibit tumor growth and related metastases in vivo, in three different breast cancer mouse models that I have developed in the laboratory. These results were supported by in vitro experiments demonstrating anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic properties of these peptides. Besides, I was able to dissect the mechanism of action of the peptide targeting ErbB2 receptor in vitro and in vivo, and I provided data excluding NRP2 as a target because of an unexpected promotion of bone metastasis. Altogether, my data offer convincing evidences to further develop MTP-ErbB2 and MTP-NRP1 peptides as novel therapeutic compounds for patients suffering metastatic cancers. From terra incognita to the exploration of a world of hope, the heart of the membrane is becoming a new promising estate for drug design
Bouchard, Alexanne. "La protéine de stress du réticulum endoplasmique GRP94 dans le cancer du sein triple négatif, intérêt diagnostique et thérapeutique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/8b1b931d-83a7-49fd-9779-012ad3949e79.
Full textTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors, as well as HER2, on tumor cells. It is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer and is associated with a higher risk of metastasis. It accounts for 15-20% of all breast cancers. Due to the lack of specific targets, hormone therapy and HER2-targeted drugs are ineffective. TNBC represents a subgroup of heterogeneous tumors that can be classified according to their molecular characteristics. A better understanding of molecular mechanisms, particularly those involved in modulating the immune response, is needed to optimize the management of this cancer. In this context, molecular imaging can represent an interesting tool: it enables the non-invasive identification and in vivo visualization of specific targets in the tumor or tumor microenvironment (TME), thanks to selective molecular probes that can be used for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes. In this thesis work, two specific TME targets were studied using such probes: M2-like macrophages and GARP protein, a TGF-β anchoring receptor. M2-like macrophages are recognized as having a major pro-tumoral role. The results obtained enabled us to demonstrate the presence of CD206+ M2-like macrophages in our CSTN model using in vivo multimodal imaging. In this study, we validated the efficacy of 99mTc-Tilmanocept in SPECT/CT as a probe for imaging M2-like macrophages in the TME of our TNBC model. We also demonstrated co-expression of these CD206+ M2-like macrophages with the GRP94 protein, an important chaperone involved in immune responses. Finally, inhibition of GRP94 with a specific inhibitor, PU-WS13, significantly decreased the number of M2-like macrophages as well as tumor growth in our TNBC model. Thus, SPECT imaging with 99mTc-Tilmanocept could represent an innovative method for imaging CD206+ M2-like macrophages as a potential biomarker for prognosis, therapeutic prediction and/or monitoring of solid tumors. The second target studied, the GARP protein, is expressed at the membrane of Tregs and tumor cells and plays a key role in the activation of TGF-β, a major immunosuppressive cytokine in cancer development. The development of a theranostic approach targeting GARP combining imaging (111In-DOTAGA-GARP) and targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) (177Lu-DOTAGA-GARP) has been achieved. We showed in our preclinical TNBC model that GARP expression was increased after external radiotherapy, a classic therapeutic strategy, and could be specifically detected and quantified in the TME using in vivo SPECT/CT imaging with the 111In-DOTAGA-GARP probe. Moreover, its use in its therapeutic form (177Lu-DOTAGA-GARP) limited tumor growth. This theranostic strategy could enable the personalization of cancer treatments by identifying and treating patients likely to respond to therapy targeting Tregs via TRT
Sircoulomb, Fabrice. "Génomique fonctionnelle des cancers du sein." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX20726.
Full textHigh Troughput technologies dissect several aspects of cancer. Transcriptomic analyses have defined five breast cancer molecular subtypes. During my phD I analysed two molecular subtypes associated with agressive phénotype and bad prognosis : ERBB2 and Luminal B subtypes. Firstly, I caracterized genomic heterogenity of ERBB2 amplified tumors which is related to estrogen receptor (ER) expression. Integrated genomictranscriptomic analyses identified PVT1 and TRSP1 as candidate oncogenes in ER positive ERBB2 amplified tumors. On the contrary, RE négative tumors express Wnt/ß-catenin related genes, an other interesting therapeutic strategy. Secondly, genomic analyses of Luminal B tumors point 8p12 amplification as the major genomic évents. This amplification target several known putative oncogenes (RCP, ZNF703, PPAPDC1B…). ZNF703 overexpression induced cancer stem cells increase in MCF7 cell line. ZNF703 co-localise with SMRT and PHB-2 in the nucleus. Finally, ZNF703 overexpression reduce RE transcriptionnal activity. These results are concordant with others showing that ZNF703 as un HDAC dependant transcriptionnal répression activity. Thus, HDAC inhibitors could be a interesting therapeutic strategy for luminal B tumors. Together, these studies show importance of combination of several aspect to define potential therapeutic strategy associated with breast cancer molecular subtypes
Letessier, Anne. "Caractérisation d'altérations génomiques : identification de gènes impliqués dans l'oncogenèse mammaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX20706.
Full textPayre, Bruno. "Identification de nouvelles cibles du Tamoxifène impliquées dans son activité pharmacologique." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/422/.
Full textTamoxifen is the principal drug used for the hormonoterapy of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. In the first part of my thesis, I described the identification of acetyl-CoA cholesterol acyl transferase (ACAT) as a new target for Tam. We showed that Tam is a potent inhibitor of ACAT at therapeutic concentrations. We then showed than Tam inhibits the formation of foam cell in mouse macrophage through the inhibition of ACAT. This mechanism may explain the atheroprotective effects of Tam. Tam binds with high affinity to the microsomal anti-estrogen binding site (AEBS). In the second part we have studied the implication of AEBS to the growth control of breast cancer cells by its cognate ligands. We have demonstrated than AEBS ligands, such as Tam and the selectve AEBS ligand PBPE, induced a blockage of the cell cycle in human mammary cancer cells and induce differentiation characteristics. Moreover, we established than this effect was dependent upon the production of oxidation products and inhibited in the presence of antioxidant such as vitamin E. Finally, we showed that longer time of exposure of cells to AEBS ligands induced an active cell death. This work leads to the identification two new targets for Tam that may be involved in its therapeutic activity. Moreover, our study shows than the AEBS represent a potential target for the development of anticancer and chemopreventive agents
Paridaens, R. "Caractérisation et exploitation thérapeutique des propriétés d'hormonodépendance des cancers du sein." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213511.
Full textVibet, Sophie. "Augmentation de la sensibilité des cellules tumorales mammaires aux agents anticancéreux par les acides gras polyinsaturés n-3 : rôle du statut oxydant et de la vascularisation tumorale." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR3803/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to investigate the mechanisms of mammary tumor sensitization to anticancer drugs by omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA). We showed that the increase in tumor cell sensitivity to mitoxantrone was associated with an enhancement in mitoxantrone uptake and a modification of the mitoxantrone distribution and metabolization within the cells. As we found that these last results involved oxidative stress, we examined the relation between chemosensitization by n-3 PUFA and tumor cells oxidative status. We found that n-3 PUFA decreased the activity of an anti-oxidant enzyme, the glutathione peroxidase, leading to an enhancement in lipid peroxidation. Finally, we showed in vivo that alterations of the vascular compartment organization (micro-, medium- and macro-vascularization) may occur for the effect of n-3 PUFA increasing taxanes efficacy. This thesis brought a major contribution to better understand the mechanisms involved in the chemosensitization by n-3 PUFA, such as tumor oxidative stress and tumor vascularization, and pave the way for new preclinical clinical studies dealing with the enhancement of anticancer therapy by n-3 PUFA
Denoyelle, Christophe. "La protéine RhoA et ses voies de signalisation : Perspectives d'une nouvelle stratégie thérapeutique dans le traitement des cancers du sein agressifs." Rouen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ROUES005.
Full textWe have shown that HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) currently used in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia prevent the formation of geranylgeranylpyrophosphate (GGPP) and reduce the membrane localisation (=activation) of RhoA leading to the inhibition of cell proliferation and invasion of aggressive breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Other mechanisms involved in the anticancer activity of statins (action on CDKi, proteases, Wnt-5a) were identified at molecular level using microarray. Finally, we have shown that bisphosphonates, which have a biodisponibility higher than statin, prevent also the membrane localisation of RhoA leading to the reduction of both cell invasion and chemotactic effect of cancer cells. To conclude, the inhibition of RhoA cell signalling pathways seems to be a good strategy to fight aggressive cancers
Lantheaume, Sophie. "Cancer du sein non métastasé, qualité de vie et surveillance alternée." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20127.
Full textObjectives: This research deals with the variability of the quality of life of women suffering from a breast cancer, thanks to the assessment of biological, psychological and social factors, of the emphasis of the role of alternative follow-up installed by the Institut Du Sein (Drôme-Ardèche) and the study of the link between these factors, let alone the experience of the post medical supervision. Method: Population: 30 women in remission suffering from a non metastatic breast cancer, aged from 36 to 78 and currently under medical control at the Institut Du Sein were involved in this survey. Tools: 1) A semi guided interview broaching the following themes: the sick person’s condition and her background, the development of cancer as for the illness and the expectations in relation with the aftercare ; 2) The Test de l’arbre (Fernandez, 2005, 2010) to assess the psychological factors associated to the illness due to regrouping of drawing ; 3) The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HAD) (Zigmund et Snaith, 1983) assessing the symptomatic issue and its seriousness ; 4) The body image questionnaire (QIC) (Bruchon-Schweitzer, 1981) so as to assess the satisfaction of the body image ; 5) The way of coping checklist (WCC) (Vitalino et al., 1985 ; Cousson et al., 1996) assessing the adjustment strategies facing cancer ; 6) The cancer specific and social support questionnaire (QSSS-c) (Segrestan, 2008) which takes the social support received into consideration ; 7) The quality of life questionnaire (FACT-B) (Brady et al., 1997) to assess the general quality of life, all the general, physical and specific symptoms of breast cancer. Results: Using the transactionnel-integratif-multifactoriel (TIM) patterns of Bruchon-Schweitzer et Boujut (2014), it seems that certain medical history (educational standards, young age, dependent children, mastectomy and hormonotherapy in the treatment) and factors linked to the psychological adaptability (coping, perceived social support) adding psychological factors linked (anxiety, physical, body image) have direct consequences on the quality of life and its impacts. No mediator effect of the transactional factors was to be found between antecedent and quality of life. Conclusion: The TIM pattern is both adapted and promising: some links between the different factors and how the patients experienced the post medical aftercare were brought into the fore. The assessment of anxiety, depression and body image of the patients at each step of the illness (at the time of the diagnosis, at the end of the treatment and during the remission period) must be automatically done. Some adjustments of the alternative follow-up might be necessary at the Institut Du Sein
Oliva, Vilana Joan. "Antioestrogènes et cancer du sein : Modulation de l'expression de gènes au cours de l'acquisition de la résistance à l'hydroxytamoxifène." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20006.
Full textVinet, Mathilde. "Analyse de la protéine arginine méthyltransférase 5 comme cible thérapeutique dans les cancers du sein triple-négatifs." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02631827.
Full textTriple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are highly heterogeneous and aggressive breast cancers for which no targeted therapy yet exists. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), an enzyme which catalyzes the methylation of arginines on histone and non‐histone proteins, and its cofactor methylosome protein 50 (MEP50), have recently been attributed oncogenic functions. This thesis analyzes PRMT5/MEP50 expression and localization in a cohort of 150 breast tumors, and explores the therapeutic potential of PRMT5 targeting in TNBC, using siRNA and the specific, small-molecule inhibitor EPZ015666. We show that TNBC express similar levels of PRMT5 and MEP50 proteins compared to healthy breast tissues and to other breast cancer subtypes, but with a distinctively low nuclear component, suggesting a prognostic value of PRMT5/MEP50 localization in breast cancers. We find PRMT5 to be a relevant therapeutic target, alone or in combination, for a subset of TNBC. Finally, we identify putative novel PRMT5/MEP50 partners, whose function merit further investigation in the context of TNBC
Tury, Sandrine. "Intérêt thérapeutique de la privation en fer dans les cancers du sein." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLET014/document.
Full textDeregulation of tumor cell metabolism is a clearly established cancer hallmark. To ensure their high proliferation rate, cancer cells adapt their metabolism to meet their new energy needs. In this context, tumor cells display increased iron needs as well as multiple disturbances in their iron metabolism, making them more susceptible to iron deprivation. This vulnerability could be a therapeutic target. In breast cancers, the development of new therapeutic approaches is urgently needed for patients with triple negative tumors (TNBC) which frequently develop chemotherapies resistance and suffer from a lack of targeted therapies. The anticancer activity of iron chelators such as deferasirox (DFX) assessed in monotherapy has been demonstrated in different types of cancers. However, iron chelators do not appear to be effective enough to eradicate cancer. In this work, we demonstrated that DFX synergizes with standard chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin, cisplatin and carboplatin to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis and autophagy in TNBC cell lines. Moreover, the combination of DFX with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide allowed to delay or avoid recurrences in breast cancer patient-derived xenografts (PDX) without increasing the side-effects of chemotherapies alone or altering global iron storage of mice. At the molecular level, we showed that the antitumor synergy of DFX and doxorubicin involves a down-regulation of PI3K and NF-κB pathways. Furthermore, as TNBC patients with low iron storage in their tumor present a better prognosis, we thought that iron deprivation mediated by iron chelators may all the more increase the effectiveness of conventional chemotherapies for TNBC treatment
Vanhecke, Elsa. "Expression et effets biologiques des neurotrophines dans le cancer du sein." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10049.
Full textThe laboratory had previously shown the mitogenic and anti-apoptotic roles of NGF for breast cancer ce Ils through activation of its tyrosine kinase receptors TrkA and the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR. Ln this work, we show that NGF (nerve growth factor) is expressed by a large majority of breast cancer biopsies and we bring the demonstration of its role in the growth of breast cancer in vivo using a preclinical mode!. These new data indicate that NGF can be considered as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer. These results led us t study the other members of NGF family, the neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF, NT-3 an NT-4/5) which act by binding to the tyrosine kinase receptors TrkB and TrkC and to p75NTR. We show for the first time the expression and secretion of BON F and NT -4/5 by breast cancer cells. The study of their receptor indicates that TrkB is present in a truncated form without intracellular kinase domain ca lied TrkB- T1, whose role remains to be determined, we also confirm the presence of p75NTR and show that it is positively regulated by estrogen. Ln contrast, NT -3 and its receptor TrkC were not detected in breast cancer cells. The exogenous stimulation of breast cancer ce Us by the BDNF and NT-4/5 confers resistance to apoptosis via stimulation of p75NTR. Ln addition, using blocking antibodies, we highlighted that the BDNF and NT-4/5 released are biologically active since their inhibition increases the number of apoptotic cancer cells in vitro and in mice carrying breast tumor xenografts. Ln conclusion, BDNF and NT -4/5 are survival factors for breast cancer cells. This work has led to a better com rehension of the ro-tumour role of neurotro hins in breast cancer
Melanson, Sophie. "Déterminants de l'intention de pratiquer régulièrement la marche chez des femmes en phase post-thérapeutique d'un cancer du sein." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23877/23877.pdf.
Full textSpasojevic, Caroline. "Validation de la protéine Kinase D1 comme facteur pronostique et cible thérapeutique dans le cancer du sein triple négatif et analyse de son rôle dans le maintien du phénotype mésenchymateux dans le mélanome." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS404/document.
Full textPKD1 is a serine-threonine kinase encoded by the PRKD1 gene. It belongs to the protein kinase D (PKD) family. The PKD family also includes PKD2 and PKD3 which share a high structural similarity with PKD1. Some studies suggest that PKD1 is involved in many oncogenic pathways such as MAPK, NF-κB, HDAC... Recent data from our group showed that PKD1 is more expressed in melanoma cell lines with mesenchymal phenotype compared to melanoma cell lines with epithelial phenotype. We also showed that PKD1 participates in the development and/or maintenance of the estrogen-independent phenotype in breast cancer, and that high PKD1 mRNA levels were associated with a worse outcome in tamoxifen-treated tumors. The objective of my thesis is to analyze the role of PKD1 in the maintenance of mesenchymal phenotype in melanoma and to determine whether PKD1 could be a prognostic factor and/or a therapeutical target for the treatment of breast cancer subpopulations. We analyzed molecular markers involved in mesenchymal and epithelial phenotype (cadherin, β-catenin …) and the functional characteristics of mesenchymal melanoma cells after PKD1 pharmacological inhibition. Results suggest that PKD1 inhibition induced a mesenchymal to epithelial like transition in these melanoma mesenchymal cell lines. In addition, the expression of PRKD1, PRKD2 and PRKD3 was analyzed by RT-qPCR in 527 breast cancers. We showed that higher PRKD1 mRNA levels were associated with a lower metastasis-free survival in the overall breast cancer population. PRKD1 prognostic value was even stronger in ERα- and in triple negative tumors. Then, we tested PKD1 inhibitors in collaboration with the AB Science pharmaceutical company. We assessed the anti-tumoral activity of PKD1 inhibitors in vitro in TNBC (triple negative breast cancer) cell lines and in vivo in a TNBC PDX (patient derivated xenograft) model. PKD1 pharmacological inhibition or depletion by siRNA reduced colony forming units in MDA-MB-436 TNBC cells. PKD1 pharmacological inhibition also reduced tumor growth in vivo in TNBC PDX model. Following those results, we analyzed PRKD1 expression in different multi-cancer cohorts. Our results showed that higher PRKD1 expression is found in melanoma and glioblastoma. In conclusion, results showed that PKD1 could participate in the maintenance of mesenchymal phenotype in melanoma. And that PKD1 could be an interesting therapeutic target in melanoma, breast cancer and glioblastoma
Mechakra, Tahiri Djemaâ Samia. "Étude dosimétrique par thermoluminescence chez des malades en curiethérapie interstitielle du cancer du sein, en mammographie et en tomographie axiale transverse." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO1H059.
Full textRotonda, Christine. "Qualité de vie et fatigue en cancérologie : cancer colorectal et cancer du sein." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10013/document.
Full textSince 2004, cancer is the leading cause of death in France. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is now considered an important endpoint in cancer clinical trials. To study the Quality of Life (QoL) of a group of patients affected by the same disease or receiving the same treatment and to make comparisons, standardized instruments and a well designed study are necessary and end in a statistical evaluation allowing a rigorous appreciation. We tried to approach these two points by a methodological work which consisted to test the psychometric properties of two French colorectal cancer (CRC) specific QoL questionnaires: the QLQ-CR38 and the FACT-C and by a thematic work with the development of a longitudinal study with invasive breast cancer (BC) patients (FATSEIN study).The first study confirmed the value of the FACT-C and suggested some limits of the QLQ-CR38 for patients with CRC. The purpose of the FATSEIN study was to identify factors associated with cancer-related fatigue before, during and after adjuvant treatment for invasive BC. Patients completed 3 questionnaires (fatigue, QoL and anxiety) at several times. Fatigue is considered like a major disturbing side effect. In addition, the impact of fatigue on QoL is considerable. So, it was important to take into account better this symptom which was neglected for a long time. These results, their implication in research and clinical practice are discussed
Planchat, Eloise. "Traitement médical du cancer du sein et de la prostate métastatiques : potentialisation du docétaxel par la curcumine et amélioration de la prise en charge thérapeutique." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CLF1MM22.
Full textBreast and prostate cancer are the most common cancer in women and men. Metastatic diseaseremains incurable and therapies are only palliative. Thus, many studies try to discover newtreatments and new combination therapies to improve and extend the survival of these patients.Among these strategies, curcumin, a dietary polyphenol derived from curcuma, was found topossess cancer preventive properties in vitro and in vivo, but has been less studied clinically.Moreover, personalized therapies, by intensifying the knowledge of biological characteristics of thetumor, may also help to target more effective therapies.The objective of this work was to optimize the therapeutic management of breast and prostatecancers. Hence, we have developed simultaneously a database and phase II clinical trials.A database of 756 patients with metastatic breast cancer were achieved two retrospective studies.The first (n=511) examined the impact of initial tumor parameters on metastatic survival.Multivariate analysis retained age, Scarff-Bloom Richardson grade and axillary lymph nodeinvolvement as significant independent prognostic factors after relapse with a longer metastaticsurvival for young patients, low grade tumor or no axillary lymph node involvement.The second study (n=529) investigated the interest to treat patients with more than 3 chemotherapylines. This analysis has shown a benefit of each line in terms of OS, for patients able to receive it.Two prospective clinical trials have studied the association docetaxel plus curcumin, following aCentre Jean Perrin phase I study. In the first phase II trial, non-randomized, 30 patients, withcastration-resistant prostate cancer, have been treated with the combination in first treatment line.Objective response rate was obtained for 40% and PSA response for 59% of patients. Curcumin (6g/d) has been well tolerated and patients had higher curcumin capsules compliance. Furthermore,this therapeutic combination seemed to be active in patients with or without the aggressiveneuroendocrine characteristics. In parallel, chromogranin A has been selected as the bestneuroendocrine marker to follow patient, in addition to PSA. The second phase II trial, randomizedcompare docetaxel in monotherapy to the association docetaxel plus curcumin, in first and secondtreatment ligne in metastatic breast cancer. This study is ongoing with 21 patients enrolled on the100 originally planned. In parallel, we have realized an analysis of curcumin target solublebiomarkers (CRP, ICAM and VEGF). However, the number of patients included is presently notlarge enough to evidence any benefit of adding curcumin to docetaxel.These data support chemotherapy lines interest on survival and the impact of initial tumorparameters on metastatic breast cancer therapeutic management. Moreover, the first results ofcurcumin and docetaxel encourage further studies with this therapeutic association
Arpel, Alexia. "Développement préclinique de peptides thérapeutiques transmembranaires appliqués au traitement du cancer du sein." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ050/document.
Full textThe role of transmembrane domains (TMD) in membrane receptor activation and regulation is nowadays appearing as a key step of cell signaling. This has been indeed evaluated for neuropilin-1 and -2 (NRP1/2) and ErbB2 receptors, three membrane receptors whose signaling has clearly been implicated in tumorigenesis. Our team had demonstrated that a synthetic peptide blocking the transmembrane domain of NRP1 blocked NRP1-dependent signaling leading to the inhibition of glioma cell proliferation/migration and tumor associated angiogenesis in vivo. The major goal of this thesis project was to extend this novel strategy to NRP2 and ErbB2 in the breast cancer context. Thus, I was able to demonstrate for the first time that the use of peptides, inhibiting the TMD of these receptors, was able to inhibit tumor growth and related metastases in vivo, in three different breast cancer mouse models that I have developed in the laboratory. These results were supported by in vitro experiments demonstrating anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic properties of these peptides. Besides, I was able to dissect the mechanism of action of the peptide targeting ErbB2 receptor in vitro and in vivo, and I provided data excluding NRP2 as a target because of an unexpected promotion of bone metastasis. Altogether, my data offer convincing evidences to further develop MTP-ErbB2 and MTP-NRP1 peptides as novel therapeutic compounds for patients suffering metastatic cancers. From terra incognita to the exploration of a world of hope, the heart of the membrane is becoming a new promising estate for drug design
Fouqué, Amélie. "Etude de la voie non-apoptotique induite par le récepteur CD95 : application dans les cancers du sein triple négatifs et développement thérapeutique." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1B027.
Full textBreast cancer represents a complex and heterogeneous pathology that can be divided in many subtypes according to biological characteristics. Among them, triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are characterized by a negative immunohistochemical staining for estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors, and without overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2). TNBCs represent 10 to 20% of breast cancers and are currently treated by chemotherapy contrary to non-TNBCs, which receive targeted therapies such as hormone therapy or neutralizing antibodies. Compared to non-TNBC, higher rates of relapse and metastasis are observed within five years after diagnosis due to the development of chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, identification of molecular mechanisms implicated in this process is crucial to develop improved therapies. Recent studies carried out by our group on the death receptor CD95 and its ligand CD95L highlighted their pro-oncogenic function in TNBCs. Indeed, in comparison to non-TNBC patients, TNBC patients present higher levels of the naturally cleaved CD95L (cl-CD95L), which is correlated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, cl-CD95L promotes in vivo metastatic dissemination of TNBC cells through the formation of the Motility-Inducing Signalling Complex (MISC) and the induction of the non-apoptotic signaling pathway PI3K/Akt/mTOR. Unless, these new findings increase our understanding of the oncogenic process in TNBC tumours, many things remain to be done to develop new targeted therapies. During my thesis, two lines of research were investigated. The first one, in agreement with previous results obtained by our team, consisted in the development of new inhibitors able to block the migration process induced by the death receptor. The second one was to define how the main actors of the apoptotic machinery, especially anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and BclxL proteins, promote metastatic dissemination of breast cancer cells. Our work revealed that inhibiting these Bcl-2 family members using BH3-mimetics may turn out to be an original therapeutic strategy to prevent metastatic dissemination in TNBC patients
Chamaraux-Tran, Thiên-Nga. "Effets antitumoraux des anesthésiques locaux dans le cancer du sein." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAJ021/document.
Full textRetrospective clinical studies have suggested a protective effect of regional anesthesia against recurrences after cancer surgery, bringing the management of perioperative pain to a new level. Prospective studies are underway to support these results. The first objective of this work was to show the direct antitumor effect of lidocaine, a local anesthetic commonly used in clinical practice. The impact of lidocaine was measured in vitro on viability, proliferation and migration of several human breast cancer cell lines, as well as in vivo on the metastatic peritoneal progression of triple negative cells. The second objective was to determine by which molecular mechanisms lidocaine exerts this antitumor action. Global approaches by transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses have highlighted new mechanistic hypotheses, notably in relation to the lipid composition of cell membrane. Finally, a candidate gene approach suggested that the mode of action of lidocaine is independent of the voltage-gated sodium channel
Nehlig, Anne. "La protéine ATIP3 et ses partenaires d’interaction : de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques contre le cancer du sein." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS461.
Full textBreast cancer is a leading cause of death by malignancy in women worldwide. The identification of new molecular markers for personalized treatment of poor prognosis breast tumors, such as those of the triple negative subtype, is urgently needed. Our team is leader in the study of ATIP3 protein, encoded by candidate tumor suppressor gene MTUS1. ATIP3 is down-regulated in 85% of triple negative breast tumors, and low levels of ATIP3 are associated with poor survival of the patients. We have shown that ATIP3 reduces proliferation and migration in vitro, and tumor growth and metastasis formation in vivo. ATIP3 localizes along the microtubule (MT) in interphase and on the mitotic spindle and spindle poles during mitosis. My PhD project aimed at identifying ATIP3 partners involved in its anti-tumoral effects. In the first part, I will present data showing that ATIP3 interacts with EB1, a major regulator of MT dynamics. ATIP3-EB1 interaction prevents EB1 accumulation at MT growing ends. I proposed a novel mechanism by which ATIP3-EB1 indirectly reduces EB1 turnover at its binding site at MT plus end, which consequently reduces MT dynamics. In the second part of my thesis, I showed that ATIP3 silencing induces reduced spindle length. In parallel, I identified the MT-depolymerizing kinesin Kif2A as an ATIP3 partner by proteomic analysis. ATIP3 forms a complex with Kif2A and Dda3 in an AurKA-dependent manner. I showed that ATIP3 maintains mitotic spindle size by inhibiting Kif2A and Dda3 recruitment at the spindle pole. My study also revealed a recriprocal regulation between ATIP3 and AurKA. Thus, ATIP3 negatively regulates its binding partners. Finally, in a third part, clinical relevance of ATIP3-EB1 in breast cancer has been evaluated and I showed that combinatorial expression of ATIP3 and EB1 is associated with tumor agressiveness and reduced patient survival. Altogether, this work highlighted new therapeutic targets to propose personalized treatments