Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cancer du sein – Facteurs de risque'
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Hannoun, Djohar. "Etude des facteurs de risque du cancer du sein en Algérie." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON1T025.
Full textMERLIN, MARIE-FRANCOISE. "Particularites des facteurs de risque du cancer du sein en picardie." Amiens, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AMIEM106.
Full textLE, KIEU GIANG. "Facteurs de risque de recidive locale apres traitement conservateur du sein." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CLF1MS39.
Full textSAUVE, CATHERINE. "Facteurs de risque psycho-affectifs des cancers du sein chez la femme." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU31049.
Full textLecarpentier, Julie. "Étude des facteurs modificateurs du risque de cancer du sein des femmes à risque génétique élevé." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00910388.
Full textHamdi, Yosr. "Evaluation of the association between common genetic variants and breast cancer risk." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28384.
Full textBreast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. A set of environmental and genetic factors are involved in this complex disease. This project focused on the genetic components of breast cancer susceptibility and breast cancer risk modification in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Currently, about half of the inherited susceptibility to breast cancer can be imputed to a combination of high-, intermediate-, and low-risk alleles. Thus, many as yet unknown susceptibility loci remain to be identified. Moreover, recent studies have provided evidence for the involvement of genetic risk factors that might considerably modify the risk of developing breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Furthermore, genome-wide association studies have shown that several genetic variants within non-coding gene regions are associated with breast cancer risk. In this project, we focused on regulatory gene variants and their association with breast cancer risk. The project was divided in two parts. In the first section, we evaluated the direct association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with differential allelic expression and breast cancer risk in order to identify new loci of breast cancer susceptibility. In the second part, we evaluated the functional impact on gene expression of variants identified within the promoter regions of selected candidate genes and then, characterize the functional impact of these variants. In summary, the first part of this project has led to the identification of a new low-penetrance locus associated with breast cancer risk on the 4q21 locus (rs11099601; odds ratio=1.05, p= 6.4 x 10-6), and two new modifiers of breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutations carriers (11q22.3 locus and the wild type allele of BRCA1). The second part of the project allowed us to describe new functional variants within the promoters of the selected breast cancer gene candidates. Other association studies in larger cohorts and further functional analysis will be required to confirm these results, which will allow their inclusion in breast cancer risk prediction tools and thus ensure a more accurate estimation of breast cancer risk.
Lemarchand, Clémentine. "Facteurs de risque de cancers hormono-dépendants en population agricole au sein de la cohorte agriculture et cancer." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN3159.
Full textAgriculture is an occupational environment which expose to a large range of agents (pesticides, dust…), frequently associated with occurrence of several diseases. Only pesticides have been often studied but the role of specific pesticides remains poorly documented especially in France, first pesticide consumer among European countries. The aim of the thesis was to identify the determinants related to hormone-related cancers. This project relies on the data of the cohort AGRICAN involving more than 180 000 subjects. More than 11 000 cancer cases have been identified by regular linkage with cancer registries (2538 prostate cancers and 1087 breast cancers). Apart from tobacco-related cancers with a lower incidence, some cancers were more frequent in the cohort (prostate, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma, skin melanoma and lip cancers). Insecticide applicators on cattle, mainly those with the largest number of animals, pesticide applicators on specific crops (fruit growing, cereals, potatoes and tobacco) and specially those who do not wear protective gloves, people performing reentry tasks in those same sectors had a greater prostate cancer risk. Potential exposure to organochlorine insecticides (estimated using the crop-exposure matrix PESTIMAT) also increased prostate cancer risk. Although female farmers had an overall decreased risk of breast cancer, peas and vegetables growers had an increased risk. Results seem different according to menopausal status
Brulin-Lemanski, Claire. "Récidives locales des cancers du sein après traitement conservateur par chirurgie-radiothérapie : facteurs de risque et conséquences des échecs locaux à propos de 423 cas." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON11037.
Full textIssa, Elissar. "La méthylation de l'ADN dans les tissus mammaires normaux et le risque de cancer du sein controlatéral." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29819.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Women with breast cancer (BC) have an increased risk of developing a contralateral breast cancer (CBC). This risk is 3 to 5 times higher than the risk of developing primary breast cancer by women in the general population. The methylation of DNA is known to be involved in the development of cancer, and changes in methylation profile in breast tumor cells have already been observed. OBJECTIVE: Our aims are to identify changes in global DNA methylation as well as the differentially methylated sites that are associated with an increased risk of developing CBC. METHODS: This is a case-control study (1:1) nested in a cohort of 1242 women. Cases (n = 20) were diagnosed with CBC during follow-up but not Controls (n = 20). Cases were matched to controls for CSC risk factors such as year of surgery, age, family history of BC, and the treatment. The DNA was extracted from normal breast tissue (to minimize field effect) more than 1 cm from the paraffin-embedded tumor and the methylation was measured by Illumina Infinium 450K. RESULTS: Global DNA hypomethylation was associated with a decreased risk of CBC with an odd ratios and a confidence interval at 95% = 0.714 (0.227-2.251), but this association was not significant. In addition, non-significant hypomethylation in 3'UTR and intergenic regions was observed in cases compared with controls. We have also found hypermethylation of the ELOVL6, DACT2, LHX2, GABRA5 and OSBP2 genes that may be associated with the risk of developing CBC. CONCLUSION: Global DNA hypomethylation from adjacent normal tissues may be predictive of the risk of CBC. In addition, hypermethylation of specific genes such as CCDC108, ELOVL6, DACT2, LHX2, GABRA5 and OSBP2 in normal breast tissues may therefore be useful as a clinical biomarker of CBC if our results were validated in a larger cohort.
Slim, Ferial Amira. "Une isoforme de Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 (AIF1) impliquée dans le cancer du sein." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34495.
Full textBreast cancer (BC) represents one of the most common and dangerous cancers in terms of mortality and incidence among women worldwide. It is even more recurrent in developed countries including Canada [2]. BC is a complex and multifactorial disorder, its severity and response to treatment differs from case to case and its diagnosis can be tricky due to the heterogeneity of the pathology. Thus, this project aims to study a potential BC risk factor that can be used for diagnosis and treatment of BC patients. Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 (AIF1) is a protein involved in many inflammatory diseases that has also been associated with cancer, however, in most studies, only one isoform has been analyzed. Our analyses of the transcriptional profile of individuals from French Canadian families with high risk of BC (BRCA1/BRCA2 or not-BRCA1/2 (BRCAX)) identified significantly and differentially expressed transcripts between the different groups. Among them, two AIF1 splice variants were highly overexpressed in the BRCAX lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) of the affected sister comparatively with her non-affected sister. Our gene expression analysis revealed that both isoforms were mostly expressed in the least aggressive BC and this expression resulted from the tumor microenvironment, AIF1v1 being mostly expressed by lymphocytes and AIF1v3 by activated macrophages. We also demonstrated the effect of docosahexaenoic omega-3 fatty acids (DHA) on the downregulation of AIF1 isoforms expression in BRCAX LCLs. Lastly, our data showed that AIF1 isoforms expression in breast tumors and breast adipose tissue correlated with metabolic and clinical parameters of BC patients. Ultimately, all data and information resulting from this study represent a major breakthrough for the scientific community and the cancer research field since it is the first study on AIF1v1 and its involvement in BC, breast tumor microenvironment and inflammatory reaction.
Leblond, Débora. "Impact psychologique du test génétique de prédisposition aux cancers du sein et de l'ovaire chez les femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein et initiant la recherche de mutation BRCA1/2 dans leur famille." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H110.
Full textObjectives This research’s objectives are to measure the cognitive, emotional, functional and behavioral impact of genetic screening for BRCA1/2, and its predictors, for women initiating the search for mutation in their family. A particular interest was paid to accuracy between subjective and objective risk, as well as on the place of the fear of recurrence (FRC) and the communication of an inconclusive result, for these consultants affected by breast cancer. Method The psychological impact of the test was measured by questionnaires after the first consultation (T1) and after the test result (T2). On 289 eligible patients, 243 sent back these questionnaires at T1 and 180 participated at both assessment time. Results Half of the women have inaccurate perception of their risk of predisposition at T1. Finally, the psychological impact of genetic testing is less beneficial than hypothesized, on the emotional and functional levels, and seems to be connected to the PRC or its associated factors. The impact of the inconclusive result differs significantly slightly from other results. It neither results in false reassurance nor modifies screening intentions, mainly predicted by geneticists’s recommendations. However, level of traitanxiety and ways of coping with cancer can modify the impact of test results. Conclusion If the psychological impact of genetic screening for BRCA1/2 remains acceptable, it is nevertheless advisable not to neglect its effect on consultants already affected by breast cancer, who have to face their risk of recurrence
Laroche, Françoise. "L’inné et l’acquis dans le développement des douleurs de l’appareil locomoteur : Comparaison de l’influence des facteurs de risque environnementaux, psychologiques, hormonaux et génétiques dans le développement d’une douleur chronique : analyse prospective des douleurs des patientes traitées par antiaromatases pour cancer du sein." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066129.
Full textPurpose: In this prospective multicenter study, we classified aromatase inhibitor (AI)-related pain syndromes, assessed impact on daily life and identified their predictors, for the development of more targeted prevention approaches. Patients and Methods : A one-year multicenter cohort prospective study, with six consultations with pain specialists and rheumatologists, was carried out in women with early-stage breast cancer and no pain beginning AI treatment. At initial assessment, we investigated potential clinical (demographic and psychosocial, cancer characteristics and treatment, pain, sleep, rheumatology examinations, quality of life), biological (sex hormones, vitamin D, bone biomarkers, oxidative stress, immunological and inflammatory markers), environmental and genetic (polymorphism for pain mechanisms) risk factors for pain. Results: We evaluated a cohort of 135 women for one year: 77 developed pain, leading to AI discontinuation in 12 cases. Five pain syndromes were identified: joint pain (36%), diffuse pain (22%), tendinitis (22%), neuropathic pain (9%) and mixed pain (11%), with diffuse and joint pains the most intense. Risk factors for developing pain included personnality traits, higher levels of anxiety and impaired quality of life at the initial assessment, whereas cancer characteristics, genetic background, inflammation, immunological, hormonal status and quantitative sensory testing at baseline were not significant predictors. Conclusion: For women without pain at start, there is a 59% risk of developing pain within the first year of AI treatment. Assessment should focus on five pain syndromes, to optimize analgesic management. Psychosocial factors are the principal risk factors for the development of AIrelated pain
Khalis, Mohamed. "Les facteurs de risque de cancer du sein chez les femmes marocaines dans la région Fès, Maroc." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1038.
Full textIntroduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. In Morocco, as in many countries that are either developing or in epidemiological transition, breast cancer incidence rates have clearly risen. Numerous risk factors for female breast cancer have been identified in the literature, but their role in breast cancer among Moroccan women remains poorly documented. The purpose of this doctoral work was to investigate the association between several risk factors and breast cancer among Moroccan women in the Fez region, Morocco. Methods Our analyses were based on data from two case controls studies conducted in the Fez region, Morocco: "Fez Breast Cancer Study" (2014-2015) including 237 cases and 237 age-matched controls, and the "BreCaFez Study" (2016-2017) including 300 cases and 300 controls matched by age and area of residence. Detailed information on various risk factors of breast cancer were collected through face-to face interviews. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for potential confounders were estimated by using logistic regression models. Results Our findings suggest that (1) Early menarche and nulliparity were significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer among women of our population, whereas an early age at first full-term pregnancy was associated with a significantly decreased risk of breast cancer. (2) High healthy lifestyle index scores were associated with decreased risk of breast cancer in Moroccan women included in our study. (3) Central adiposity and body shape trajectory were positively associated with breast cancer risk in both pre- and post-menopausal women; whereas, a significant inverse association was observed between silhouette at young ages (6- 11 years) and BC risk for premenopausal women and a borderline significant inverse association for postmenopausal women. (4) Women employed in specific agricultural occupations, particularly those who worked as crop farm laborers, had an elevated risk of breast cancer compared to those who never worked in these occupations and the risk increased with duration of employment. Conclusion Our results showed the association between some risk factors and breast cancer among women in our region. It identified some susceptible groups at high risk of breast cancer. Preventive interventions and screening should focus on these groups as a priority. However, our findings should be confirmed in larger, multicenter studies
Savard, Marie-Hélène. "Bouffées de chaleur et cancer de sein: Facteurs de risque et relation avec les perturbations du sommeil." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26867/26867.pdf.
Full textCoignard, Juliette. "Nouvelles stratégies pour l’étude des facteurs génétiques impliqués dans le cancer du sein familial." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS426.
Full textOne of the most important risk factors for breast cancer (BC) is having a family history of BC. Around 20% of the familial BC risk is explained by rare mutations in the genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2). An additional 30% of the risk is accounted for mutations in other known genes, like ATM or TP53, and by common genetic variants, called single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs), identified in population-based GWAS. Therefore, the majority of the familial forms of BC remains unexplained. Furthermore, there are large variations in the estimation of the BC lifetime risk for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. It has been shown that some SNPs identified in the general population by GWAS (Genome Wide Association Studies) modified BC risk for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Therefore, little is known on how these SNPs interact with BRCA1/2 mutations since association studies have been performed within the population of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers so far.In the first part of this PhD project, I developed a novel strategy to analyze genetic factors by integrating simultaneously environmental and lifestyle factors. This strategy was used to analyze the data of GENESIS study composed of pairs of sisters affected by BC without BRCA1/2 mutation and controls from the general population. 5,000 BC cases and controls were genotyped for the 200,000 SNPs targeted by the iCOGS array. Groups of subjects was created according to their exposition profile reflecting expositions to radiation or reproductive factors. Analyses stratified on groups built according to their reproduction factors exposures did not highlighted specific variants. However, analyses stratified on groups reflecting the chest X—ray exposures showed potential specific SNPs for women who had never been exposed to chest X—ray, in genes XRCC4 and MAGI1, and for women highly exposed to X-ray exposures, in gene FGFR2, already known in the general population.The second aim was to identify and characterize genetic modifiers of BC risk for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers using data from the international consortia CIMBA (Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2) and BCAC (Breast Cancer Association Consortium). I developed a case-only GWAS analysis where we compare genotype frequencies between 60,212 unselected BC cases from the BCAC and 13,007 BC cases from CIMBA. We identified 4 novel variants associated with BC for BRCA1 mutation carriers and 4 for BRCA2 mutation carriers at P<10-8. MADD, SPI1 and EIF1 genes, already associated with BC biology, was predicted by the tool INQUISIT, to be target genes of the potential causal variants located in the locus 11p11.2 associated with BRCA1 status.These new SNPs could be used to improve polygenic risk scores (PRS). Studies considering the exposure profile should be implemented in larger population. The models could then evolve towards an adaptation of the PRS according to women’s exposure profiles and that throughout their life
Hanna, Mirette. "Study on the associations between physical activity, inflammatory markers and two breast cancer risk factors." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27543.
Full textPhysical activity may decrease breast cancer risk through an anti-inflammatory effect. We aimed to examine: 1. The association of physical activity with the protein expression levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, COX-2, leptin, SAA-1, IL-8 and STAT3) and anti-inflammatory markers (TGF-β, IL-10 and lactoferrin) within normal breast tissue; 2. The association of the protein expression levels of these inflammatory markers with two breast cancer risk factors: mammographic density and age-related lobular involution; 3. The association of physical activity with the two breast cancer risk factors. Total physical activity (household, occupational and recreational) performed during a one-year period was evaluated by a validated questionnaire among 164 women having breast cancer. The protein expression of inflammatory markers was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in normal breast distant from the tumor. Mammographic density was evaluated by a computer-assisted method on the non-affected breast. Age-related lobular involution was visually evaluated on normal breast tissue distant from the tumor. Associations were evaluated by multivariate linear regression models. We observed association between increasing levels of total physical activity and lower expression levels of the pro-inflammatory marker TNF-α and higher expression levels of the anti-inflammatory marker IL-10 in normal breast tissue. Moreover, higher expression levels of some pro-inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α and SAA1) were associated with higher mammographic density whereas, higher expression levels of the anti-inflammatory marker TGF-β were associated with lower percent mammographic density. Higher expression levels of some pro-inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, COX-2, leptin, SAA1 and IL-8) and the anti-inflammatory marker IL-10 were associated with less involuted breasts. We observed no significant association between total physical activity and mammographic density or the degree of lobular involution. Although the expression of inflammatory markers seems to be associated with breast risk factors, physical activity may not decrease breast cancer risk solely through an anti-inflammatory effect.
Bossard, Nadine. "Réflexions sur l'optimisation de quelque méthodes statistiques en épidémiologie du cancer du sein." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10004.
Full textDizin, Éva. "Rôles cytoplasmiques de la protéine BRCA1 : caractérisation et étude des conséquences fonctionnelles de son interaction avec les protéines PABP et DAP5." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10136.
Full textThe breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 encodes a protein with unclear functions. To initiate a functional study of these protein, our group searched for binding proteins to the C-terminal BRCT tandem of BRCA1. We have identified three new partners : PABP, DAP5 and ACCA. Functional analysis of the BRCA1/PABP complex showed that BRCA1, througt its interaction with PABP, stimulates protein translation. The analysis of the BRCA1/DAP5 interaction led to the identification of a C-terminal BRCA1 fragment, produced by caspase-dependent cleavage of BRCA1 during apoptosis, which stimulates cell death. Finally, we showed that BRCA1 interacts with the phosphorylated and inactive form of ACCA and affects lipid synthesis by preventing ACCA dephosphorylation. This work provides news insights about BRCA1 functions
Kappel, Anne Linda Van. "Carotenoids in blood : biochemical markers of fruit and vegetable consumption and relation to the risk of breast cancer." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO1T162.
Full textNevesny, Gérard. "Typage histologique et mammographie dans les mastopathies à risque : approche plurifactorielle : à propos de 162 cas." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11171.
Full textSaadatian-Elahi, Mitra. "Étude des relations entre le profil en acides gras des phospholipides sanguins, consommation alimentaire et risque de cancer du sein." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO1T090.
Full textSighoko, Mawadzoue Frida Dominique. "Cancers du sein (féminin) et du foie en Afrique de l’Ouest : évolution temporelle de l’incidence et évaluation des facteurs de risque en Gambie et au Mali." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10297/document.
Full textIn Sub-Saharan Africa, the exact burden of cancer remains largely unknown and understudied. The Gambia and Mali are among the few African countries with operational population-based cancer registries. Data from 1988 to 2006 for the Gambia and from 1987 to 2009 for Bamako-Mali were used to analyze the incidence rates according to age, sex and ethnicity and to characterize the profile of women with breast and liver cancers. The data were arbitrarily divided into two periods, 1988-1997 and 1998-2006 for the Gambia and 1987-1997, 1998-2009 for Bamako- Mali. In addition to this, a case-control study evaluating the risk factors associated with the reproductive life of women with breast cancer was conducted in Mali. In both countries, breast cancer in women is characterized by a predominance of premenopausal cancers. These women are mostly parous with a median age at diagnosis in the age group 40-45 years. The case-control study showed a significant association between late age at menarche and increased risk of developing breast cancer in pre-menopausal women against a decrease in risk among post menopausal women. Concerning liver cancer, while the incidence rate was relatively stable among males in the Gambia, it was increasing among females of this country. In contrary, in Mali, a gradual decline and homogeneous in the incidence of liver cancer was observed over the years and for both sexes. Further studies are needed to characterize the biological profile of breast cancer and risk factors associated with it, but also to assess the role of obesity and exposure to aflatoxin B1 in order to understand the trends observed in liver cancer in West Africa
Soguel, Alexander Ludivine. "Gain de poids à l'âge adulte et densité mammaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27240.
Full textL’adiposité est un facteur de risque connu pour le cancer du sein et le gain de poids à l’âge adulte semble l’être également. Au niveau mammaire, le tissu adipeux peut être étudié au travers des mesures de densité. En effet, la zone non-dense reflète le gras mammaire et le pourcentage de densité, l’un des plus importants facteurs de risque pour le cancer du sein, reflète la proportion de tissu fibroglandulaire. Le premier objectif de ce mémoire était d’évaluer, chez 1435 femmes recrutées lors d’une mammographie de dépistage, l’association entre le gain de poids à l’âge adulte et trois paramètres de mesure de densité mammaire : le pourcentage de densité et les zones dense et non-dense en valeurs absolues. Le second objectif était de présenter un texte de synthèse et de discussion portant sur les interrelations entre l’adiposité, la densité mammaire et le risque de cancer du sein.
Adiposity is a known risk factor for breast cancer and weight gain during adulthood also seems to play a role. In the breast, adipose tissue can be studied through breast density features. Indeed, absolute non-dense area reflects breast fat and percent density, one of the strongest risk factor for breast cancer, reflects the proportion of fibroglandular tissue. The first objective of this dissertation was to evaluate the association between weight gain during adulthood and three density features: percent density, absolute dense and non-dense areas, among 1435 women recruited at screening mammography. The second objective was to present a consolidated text of the interrelation between adiposity, breast density and breast cancer risk and to discuss it in an epidemiological and biological point of view.
Renault, Anne-Laure. "Identification de facteurs génétiques modifiant le risque de cancer chez les porteuses d'une mutation constitutionnelle d'ATM & profil tumoral des tumeurs du sein associées à une perte de fonction d'ATM." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS389/document.
Full textInherited biallelic mutations in the ATM gene cause Ataxia Telangiectasia (A-T), a multisystemic disorder characterized by neurological, cutaneous and immunological abnormalities. The disease is associated with an elevated risk of malignancies, particularly of lymphoma or leukemia, and a high radiosensitivity. Epidemiological studies have shown that female heterozygote carriers (HetAT) younger than 50 years are at increased risk of breast cancer, as compared to women from the general population (RR 4,94, 95%CI 1,90 - 12,09). Despite the rarity of A-T disease, 0.5 to 1% of the population is estimated to be HetAT. Epidemiological studies have confirmed that some specific truncating or missense variants in ATM are associated with increased breast cancer risk but this risk is not yet well estimated. The first part of my thesis project has consisted in characterizing inherited genetic factors modifying cancer risk in women participating in the prospective cohort CoF-AT (“cohorte de femmes apparentées à un enfant atteint d’A-T). In the second part of my work, I described the morphological and molecular features of ATM breast tumours with the aim to identify biomarkers allowing to distinguished ATM-associated tumours from sporadic tumours.Assessment of the contribution of inherited factors such as SNPs of telomere length on the risk of cancer was performed on 284 HetAT individuals and 174 non-HetAT individuals belonging to 103 A-T families. We showed that HetAT individuals have longer telomeres than their non-HetAT counterparts (p=0.0008). However, we found that telomere length was not associated with cancer risk in our study population. The SNP rs9257445 (ZNF311), which is associated with telomere length in HetAT participants, was not associated with cancer risk. Conversely, SNPs rs6060627 (BCL2L1) and rs2380205 (ANKRD16) modified cancer risk in HetAT and non-HetAT women.Pathology review of 41 ATM-associated breast tumours revealed that these tumours mostly belonged to luminal B molecular subtype. The molecular characterization of 23 ATM-associated tumours did not revealed the BRCAness profile associated with Large-Scale State Transitions. However, we found that ATM tumours were mostly tetraploïd and observed loss of heterozygosity at 11q22-23 in the majority of the tumours and loss of ATM wild type allele. Moreover, copy number losses at loci 13q14.11-q14.3, 21p11.2-p11.1 and 22q11.23 appeared to be specific of ATM tumours.Altogether, this project allowed to better characterize the genetic background of the CoF-AT participants and to highlight biomarkers of ATM breast tumours
Pouchieu, Camille. "Compléments alimentaires : consommation et facteurs associés en population générale et dans des groupes spécifiques - modulation du risque de cancer." Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA132027/document.
Full textThis thesis is structured in three parts. In the first part (descriptive epidemiology), we assessed dietary supplement use and associated factors in the general population and in specific subgroups (smokers, pregnant women and cancer survivors) of a large sample of French adults (the NutriNet-Santé cohort). Dietary supplement use was widespread, often in self-medication, particularly in pregnant women and in cancer survivors. Our findings suggest that the frequency of risky practices of dietary supplement use were su bstantial in several subgroups. In the second part (etiological epidemiology), we highlighted, for the first time, a potential modulatory effect of an antioxidant supplementation (SU.VI.MAX. trial) on prospective relationships between processed meat intake and breast cancer risk and between levels of plasma fatty acids and cancer risk (overall and breast), in line with mechanistic studies. Our results suggest that antioxidants may counteract the potential procarcinogenic effects of processed meat on breast cancer risk and may modify associations between fatty acids and cancer risk by counteracting the potential effects of these fatty acids on carcinogenesis. Finally, the third part of my thesis pertained to a methodological work in the field of e-epidemiology, related to computer literacy of participants of the NutriNet-Santé web-cohort. These results will be useful for optimizing descriptive and etiological epidemiological studies in nutritional e-epidemiology. Overall, these PhD findings underline the importance of taking into account dietary supplement use in epidemiological studies and contribute to a better understanding of cancer etiology. More general ly, they will also contribute to optimize nutritional recommendations for primary cancer prevention
Villeneuve, Sara. "Professions, expositions professionnelles aux solvants et cancer du sein analyse de deux études épidémiologiques sur les cancers du sein chez l'homme et chez la femme." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00639294.
Full textGad, Sophie. "Etude des prédispositions génétiques aux cancers du sein et de l'ovaire : recherche d'altérations de grande taille des gènes BRCA1 et BRCA2, recherche de facteurs génétiques modificateurs du risque de cancer de l'ovaire chez des femmes porteuses d'une mutation de BRCA1." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05N028.
Full textBessaoud, Faïza. "Étude de facteurs de risque classiques et alimentaires du cancer du sein sur une population cas-témoins de l'Hérault et intérêt de la méthode de régression spline logistique." Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON1T019.
Full textCordina-Duverger, Emilie. "Facteurs de risques hormonaux et anthropométriques dans le cancer du sein de la femme : étude CECILE." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA11T015/document.
Full textBackground: There is evidence that menopausal combined estrogen-progestagen therapy increases the risk of breast cancer, but the risk may vary depending on the types of progestagen used. Moreover, the role of progestagen-only therapy in breast cancer has been little studied. Because of French specificities in prescribing these treatments, we analyzed the risk of breast cancer based on these different types of hormone treatment prescribed among women in France.Overweight and obesity are associated with a reduced risk of premenopausal breast cancer, but increase the risk in postmenopausal period. The underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, and questions remain about the role of weight gain in different periods of life.Methods: This work relates on data from a case-control study in the general population in France, including 1232 cases and 1317 controls recruited among women in two departments of Ille-et-Vilaine and Côte d'Or, between 2005 and 2007. Detailed information on hormonal treatments use, on weight at different periods of life and various reproductive and medical characteristics were obtained during a face-to-face interview. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals after adjustment for breast cancer risk factors were calculated using logistic regression models. Analyzes of BMI trajectories between the age of 20 and the age at diagnosis were performed.Results: The risk of breast cancer was increased in users of synthetic progestagen combined or not combined with an estrogen. This risk was restricted to the recent use of the hormone treatment and increased with the duration of use. Conversely, the natural progesterone based treatment was not associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.In premenopausal women, higher BMI and a previous weight gain were associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer. In postmenopausal women, only weight gain in the period preceding the menopause (40 to 50 years) was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. This association was stronger among women who were lean women at the age of 20 (IMC≤ 18.5 kg / m²), or in older women.Conclusion: This study confirms the carcinogenic effects of hormonal treatments with synthetic progestagen, and the absence of deleterious effects of natural progesterone on breast cancer risk. However, the use of natural progesterone must be evaluated according to the benefits and risks that may result. We could also clarify the relationship between weight gain and the risk of breast cancer, and suggested that weight gain during the period before menopause could be more favorable to the occurrence of breast cancer in post-menopausal
Ginolhac, Sophie. "Facteurs génétiques modificateurs du risque de cancer du sein et de l'ovaire chez les femmes porteuses d'une mutation constitutionnelle des gènes BRCA1 ou BRCA 2." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO1T149.
Full textDelort, Laëtitia. "Facteurs de risque et de protection des cancers dans l'étude épidémiologique COSA (Cancers de l'Ovaire et du Sein en Auvergne) : étude des polymorphismes génétiques et des interactions gènes-environnement." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF1MM22.
Full textBreast and ovarian cancer incidence is increasing around the world. The great proportion of these cancers could be explained by polymorphisms in low penetrance genes involved in major biological pathways. These genes could also interact with environmental and lifestyle factors. Thus an efficient prevention and a reduction in cancer would be conceivable with the identification of these variants. We performed a case-control study in the Auvergne region consisted of 934 women who developed breast cancer, 54 women who developed ovarian cancer and 1000 healthy women. The aim of the study was to evaluate genetic and environmental risk and protective factors for these pathologies. We genotyped the whole population for eleven polymorphisms in seven low penetrance genes involved in xenobiotic and estrogen metabolisms (CYP1A1, CYP1B1, NAT2, GSTP1, COMT, ESR, PGR). Oral contraceptive (OC) use, age at first OC use and breastfeeding were risk factors for early age at breast cancer onset. We observed a major role of central adiposity in ovarian cancer risk. We investigated the roles of polymorphisms in a multigenic model and found that COMT played an important role in breast cancer. This gene seemed to interact with other genes such as CYP1B1, ESR, GSTP1, NAT2 and with waist-to-hip ratio factor by modifying the risk. Polymorphisms in the studied genes would modify detoxication and consequently women exposure to endogenous or exogenous carcinogens. This would change individual breast cancer susceptibility. A limited role of these polymorphisms was found in ovarian cancer risk. Thus the identification of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions will lead to an individualized prevention strategy by identifying high-risk individuals
Dartois, Laureen. "Facteurs comportementaux et non-comportementaux associés au risque de cancer et de mortalité à partir des données de la cohorte de femmes françaises E3N." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T081/document.
Full textBackground: Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality among women in France, and the leading cause of mortality among women aged between 35 and 84. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer, with 35% of cases among women in France in 2012. Multiple behavioural and non-Behavioural factors have been associated with increases in cancer incidence and mortality. However, the literature about their combined impact is scarce. Regarding breast cancer, some risk factors differed according to the menopausal status, suggesting a different etiology between premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancers.Objectives: Data from the E3N prospective cohort of French women were used to evaluate the influence of behavioural and non-Behavioural factors on cancer risk before and after the menopause and on mortality. In addition, we aimed at estimating their relative impact on the population and identifying factors with the highest predictive power.Results: Our results suggest a modest influence of the lifestyle on cancer risk and mortality when adhering to only one public health recommendation. However, the influence is substantial with a combined adherence to several recommendations. Behavioural factors play a key role in the occurrence of cancer and mortality risk. Regarding breast cancer, these factors influence particularly the risk after the menopause, while before, their impact is lower than non-Behavioural factors. These observations were retrieved when aiming at predicting breast cancer risk according to menopausal status. Prediction was established by non-Behavioural factors in premenopause, while the prediction in postmenopause was driven by behavioural factors.Conclusion: We have shown that the etiology of breast cancer differs according to the nature of the tumour, and particularly according to the menopausal status of women. Whatever the age, lifestyle influence the risk of cancer and mortality, especially after the menopause when their impact is higher than the non-Behavioural factors’ one. New results from prospective study on younger women are warranted to confirm the results
Amadou, Yacouba Amina. "Épidémiologie des cancers du sein en Amérique Latine : analyse du risque associé au surpoids/obésité et aux traitements hormonaux dans une étude cas-témoins au Mexique." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10257.
Full textBreast cancer is a major public health problem in Latin America (LA). It has been shown that, overweight, obesity, and hormonal treatments are major risk factors for breast cancer development. However, these associations remain uncertain among Latin American populations. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to fill these gaps by developing studies on the impact of overweight and obesity, and hormonal treatments in Latin American populations. We used the original data from a multi-center population-based case–control study conducted in Mexico. Prior to this study, we conducted a dose-response meta-analysis on obesity and premenopausal breast cancer. This meta-analysis shows that, in the exception of Asians, increase in body mass index was inversely associated with the risk of premenopausal breast cancer; whereas, increase in waist-to-hip ratio are associated with an increase of this risk. The results of the case-control study show an inverse association between high BMI and the risk of breast cancer in pre-menopausal women, whereas no association was observed among post-menopausal. However, other anthropometric measures (waist and hip circumference, and waist hip ratio) are also inversely associated with risk of breast cancer in pre and post-menopausal women. Further analysis of body shape evolution throughout life showed significant increase in risk of breast cancer among women with increasing silhouettes size over time. With regards to menopausal hormone replacement therapy, users have a significant increased risk of breast cancer. This study provides new information about the effects of these factors on breast cancer risk, which may be of relevance for the population of LA as a whole
Essioux, Laurent. "Aspects methodologiques de l'etude de la predisposition hereditaire au cancer du sein et de l'ovaire et leurs consequences en conseil genetique." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA11T035.
Full textBen, Hassen Celine. "Cibler l'homéostasie du cholestérol cellulaire pour traiter le cancer du sein." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR3809.
Full textOne in eight women will have to face breast cancer at some point in her life. Risk factors can be hereditary or environmental. Previous studies have shown that cholesterol levels can play an important role in the regulation of tumor progression. To test this hypothesis, we modulated cholesterol metabolism in human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 using a genetics approach: increasing cholesterol elimination by expressing apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I; regulating cellular cholesterol efflux), or modulating cholesterol metabolism by expressing apolipoprotein E (apoE; regulating cellular influx and efflux of cholesterol). We performed in vitro and in vivo experiments. Our results show that expressing apoA-I or apoE stimulates proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth of MCF-7 cells, via the regulation of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways and possibly via caveolin-1. However, apoA-I and apoE reduce proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells
Fagherazzi, Guy. "Facteurs alimentaires, composantes du syndrome métabolique et risques de cancer du sein et de diabète de type II dans la cohorte E3N." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718783.
Full textSinotte, Marc. "Effets de polymorphismes génétiques de la voie de signalisation de la vitamine D sur les niveaux circulants de vitamine D, le risque de cancer du sein et la densité mammaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27354/27354.pdf.
Full textGentil, Julie. "Influence des facteurs socio-économiques et géographiques sur l'incidence, l'accès aux soins et la survie des femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00959607.
Full textBrevet, Gentil Julie. "Influence des facteurs socio-économiques et géographiques sur l'incidence, l'accès aux soins et la survie des femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOMU04/document.
Full textIn developed countries, breast cancer is currently the leading cancer in women in terms of incidence and mortality (standardized rate of 101.5 and 17.7 per 100,000 person-years in 2005, respectively). Many risk factors and prognostic factors have been studied and are well known. Research is under way with regard to every step in the development of breast cancer, but the impact of socio-economic and geographic factors, at the individual and environmental level with regard to the disease have never been studied in France.The general aim of this work was to explore the impact of these factors in different ways to build on our knowledge and to develop practical applications in the primary, secondary or tertiary prevention of breast cancer.In our first study, we showed that women with a low socio-educational level were less likely to have benefited from at least one mammography within the 6 years or at least one gynaecological consultation within the 3 years before the diagnosis of breast cancer. These women also had a more advanced tumour at diagnosis than did women with a higher socio-educational level. These variables also came to light as predictors of a poor prognosis in terms of survival. In our second study, we showed that access to a surgeon specialised in breast cancer surgery, which is associated with better survival, was influenced by the socio-economic level of the patient’s place of residence, as well as the distance between the patient’s home and reference centres for cancer treatment, where the specialised surgeons work. In our third study, we showed that in contrast to many cancers, the incidence of breast cancer was highest in the most socio-economically privileged areas, and this whatever the age of the patient. We have no explanation for this phenomenon, particularly with regard to the youngest age group of women. Finally, the aim of our fourth study, which is currently on-going, is to study at the individual level, using the new European deprivation index adapted to France, to what extent economic wealth and social standing, as well as the proximity of medical services for patients with breast cancer have an impact on tumour stage, access to treatment, treatment techniques and survival
Duroux, Roxane. "Inférence pour les modèles statistiques mal spécifiés, application à une étude sur les facteurs pronostiques dans le cancer du sein." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066224/document.
Full textThe thesis focuses on inference of statistical misspecified models. Every result finds its application in a prognostic factors study for breast cancer, thanks to the data collection of Institut Curie. We consider first non-proportional hazards models, and make use of the marginal survival of the failure time. This model allows a time-varying regression coefficient, and therefore generalizes the proportional hazards model. On a second time, we study step regression models. We propose an inference method for the changepoint of a two-step regression model, and an estimation method for a multiple-step regression model. Then, we study the influence of the subsampling rate on the performance of median forests and try to extend the results to random survival forests through an application. Finally, we present a new dose-finding method for phase I clinical trials, in case of partial ordering
Bachelet, Delphine. "Biomarqueurs d'exposition aux composés organochlorés et risque de cancer du sein : analyse de l'étude cas-témoins en population générale CECILE basée sur l'utilisation de modèles pharmacocinétiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00807245.
Full textVandal, Nathalie. "La régression non paramétrique multidimensionnelle. Théorie et application à une étude portant sur la densité mammaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/23252/23252.pdf.
Full textInscrite au Tableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures
Foucaut, Aude-Marie. "L'Activité Physique Adaptée en sénologie : des preuves scientifiques à la mise en oeuvre de programmes auprès des patientes atteintes de cancer du sein." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00928329.
Full textManuel, Manuarii. "Étude des distorsions du répertoire immunitaire en tant que facteur pronostique de risque chez les patientes souffrant d’un cancer du sein métastatique en 1ère rechute : étude de la valeur pronostique de la lymphopénie et de la divpénie." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10029.
Full textPrevious work of the team demonstrated the major impact of lymphopenia (<1Giga/L), detected before treatment, on overall survival of patients with solid metastatic cancer, highlighting the importance of immune system in controlling tumor progression. During my thesis project, I analyzed the contribution of the combinatorial diversity of the TCR β chain, another indicator of the quality of the immune system, as a prognostic marker in patients with metastatic breast cancer. I was able to show that a score combining the diversity of TCR and the number of lymphocytes (score NDL) is an independent factor of poor prognostic in multivariate analysis. This score allows identification of a subpopulation of patients at risk who has both a lymphopenia and a low combinatorial diversity (<33%) of TCR and for which a reduction in the median survival was observed. We also made further study of the impact of subpopulations of lymphocytes and plasma cytokines. In parallel, I developed molecular tests to improve the study of TCR repertoire diversity at the genomic level. This work opens the door to new therapeutic strategies that would consider immune system dysfunctions. Indeed, following these results, a clinical trial based on the administration of IL-7 cytokine for the expansion of T cells before or during chemotherapy has been activated at the Centre Léon Bérard
LIDEREAU, WEINSTEIN ROSETTE. "La variabilite genetique des proto-oncogenes ras, myc et mos comme marqueur de predisposition et d'evolution dans le cancer du sein." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077129.
Full textLANDREAU, CHARTIER EDITH. "Facteurs de risque du cancer de l'oesophage." Angers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ANGE1114.
Full textLOPEZ, JACQUES. "Facteurs pronostiques des recidives locales du cancer du sein." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE6512.
Full textPapadopoulos, Alexandra. "Facteurs de risque de cancer du poumon chez la femme." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00772692.
Full textChevallier, Bernard. "Facteurs pronostiques et traitement du cancer du sein inflammatoire non métastasé." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUE5BTP.
Full textGuiu, Lahaye Séverine. "Facteurs pronostiques et prédictifs dans le cancer du sein infiltrant." Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA3012/document.
Full textThe adjuvant systemic treatment of invasive breast cancer is based on chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. Several prognostic factors (age, tumoral size, nodal status, tumoral grade, vascular embols, hormonal receptors (HR), HER2) and predictive factors of response to treatment (HR and HER2) are described and have an impact on our therapeutic decisions. However, recurrences are frequent after a complete treatment and patients could avoid such treatment because of the good “intrinsic” prognosis. In this work, we aimed to identify other prognostic and / or predictive factors for the invasive breast cancer in the neoadjuvant / adjuvant settings. Firstly, we showed that the lobular histology, considered as histology of good prognosis and low chemo sensitive, should not be a decisive factor regarding systemic therapy. In the adjuvant setting, regarding chemotherapy, clinical validity and utility of the genomic tests need to be specifically evaluated in this subgroup. Then, we studied analytical validity, clinical validity and clinical utility of 2 molecular classification of breast cancer: PAM50 and a panel of 3 biomarkers in immunohistochemistry (estrogen receptor, HER2 and Ki-67 with a cut-off of 14%). We concluded that the data were not strong enough and that the therapeutic decisions should not be influenced by these classifications. We identified a subgroup of triple negative breast cancer that express androgen receptor and FOXA1 and which behave like luminal tumors. At last, we showed in a large neoadjuvant population, that the pathological complete response is a surrogate marker of survival in RH negative tumors