Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cancer du sein – Épidémiologie'
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Bonadona, Valérie. "Le cancer du sein de survenue précoce : aspects cliniques, épidémiologiques et génétiques à partir d'une étude prospective dans le Rhône." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10191.
Full textGharavi, Catherine. "Récidive après traitement conservateur pour cancer du sein : registre des cancers de Côte d'Or." Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOM038.
Full textFabre, Alban. "Relation entre prise de traitements progestatifs seuls en pré-ménopause et risque de cancer du sein dans la cohorte E3N." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA11T029.
Full textChang, Sue-Ling. "Breast cancer subtypes and screening mammography sensitivity." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30680/30680.pdf.
Full textBreast cancers can be classified according to tumour estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and according to four subtypes (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched, Triple-negative), each with different biological and clinical profiles. These tumour types may also influence screening mammography sensitivity but this is still not clear. Tumour aggressiveness, measured by the histological grade, may also play a role in explaining this association. Interval cancer types were compared to screen-detected cancer types in 1536 invasive cases obtained from a reference center in Quebec. ER-negative, PR-negative and HER2-positive, Luminal B, HER2-enriched and TPN tumours were all more frequent in women with interval cancers than in women with screen-detected cancers. Except for HER2-positive and HER2-enriched tumours, histological grade explained most of the variability observed between tumour receptor status, subtypes and sensitivity.
Dabakuyo-Yonli, Tienhan Sandrine Myriam. "Evolution de la prise en charge des cancers du sein : impacts sur la survie et la qualité de vie des patientes." Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOMU02.
Full textThe contrast between the increase in the incidence of breast cancer rate and the stability of mortality rates seen in France during the past twenty five years may be due to advances in breast cancer management and early diagnosis. The aim of this work was to assess the impact of treatment advances on survival and quality of life (QoL) in breast cancer patients. The first study was undertaken to assess prognostic factors on overall (OS) and relative survival (RS) among patients with breast cancer. The results of this study showed that TNM stage, SBR grade, progesterone receptors status, tumour multifocal status, locoregional extension and the period of diagnosis were independent prognostic factors of OS and RS. The second study was a prospective multicenter study which aimed to assess the impact of different surgical procedures on QoL in breast cancer patients. The results of this study highlighted the beneficial effect of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) on breast cancer patients’ QoL as compared to axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) when SLNB is not followed by complementary ALND. SLNB should then be the treatment of choice for patients who have early-stage breast cancer with clinically negative nodes, and operating surgeons should have a high level of technical skill. The last study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy compared with adjuvant chemotherapy using relative survival (RS) as the primary end point. Despite a favorable trend, this population-based study showed that neoadjuvant chemotherapy was no better than adjuvant chemotherapy in terms of OS and RS of breast cancer patients
Bossard, Nadine. "Réflexions sur l'optimisation de quelque méthodes statistiques en épidémiologie du cancer du sein." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10004.
Full textMathelin, Carole. "Etude comparative des profils protéiques circulants de patientes atteintes d'un cancer mammaire." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2005/MATHELIN_Carole_2005.pdf.
Full textKiyang, Lawrence Ndoh Kiyang Lawrence Ndoh. "Intention des professionnels de la santé d'aider les femmes ciblées par le Programme Québécois de Dépistage du Cancer du sein à prendre une décision éclairée concernant leur participation au dépistage du cancer du sein." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29217/29217.pdf.
Full textThis descriptive study, based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, evaluated health professionals’ intention to help women targeted by the Quebec Breast Cancer Screening Programme in making informed decisions about breast cancer screening with mammography. The 288 family physicians and 618 nurses who responded to our questionnaire had a strong intention to adopt this behaviour. The perception of behavioural control was the variable most strongly associated with intention, followed by attitude, and social norm. The main barriers to the adoption of the studied behaviour, as perceived by participants were lack of time and limited access to information. The intention of health professionals as well as the adoption of the studied behaviour could be reinforced by training activities on informed decision making and relevant decision support tools made available.
Toure, Sounan Charles. "Facteurs associés à l'intention d'adhésion au programme québécois de dépistage du cancer du sein (PQDCS)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26874/26874.pdf.
Full textLévesque, Pascale. "Dépenses occasionnées aux femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein non métastatique et à leur conjoint." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29591/29591.pdf.
Full textObjectives: This master's thesis focuses on out-of-pocket (OOP) costs incurred by women diagnosed with early breast cancer and their spouses during the first year following diagnosis. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted among consecutive series of women from eight Quebec hospitals. OOP costs were estimated on the basis of information collected by three telephone interviews at 1, 6 and 12 months following the start of treatment. Results: A total of 800 women (participation, 86%) and 391 spouses (participation, 72 %) completed all three interviews. Median OOP costs was CAD$ 1002 for women and CAD$ 111 for their spouses. A significant proportion of OOP costs (74 %) resulted from treatments and follow-up. Conclusion: Considered overall, out-of-pocket costs from breast cancer for the first year after diagnosis appear relatively modest.
Lavigne, Éric. "Cancer incidence, mortality, breast cancer detection and survival among Canadian women with bilateral cosmetic breast augmentation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29725/29725.pdf.
Full textObjectives: The popularity for cosmetic breast implants has been rapidly increasing in the past decades. The objectives of this thesis were to evaluate cancer incidence, mortality, breast cancer detection and survival following breast cancer diagnosis among women with cosmetic breast implants. Methods: This thesis is the second phase (follow-up) of a large Canadian retrospective cohort study of 24,558 women who received cosmetic breast implants between 1974 and 1989 in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec. These women were compared to other cosmetic surgery women (n = 15,893) and the general female population. Results: Over an average 24.5 years of follow-up, augmented women have been shown to have elevated rates of suicide relative to women in the general population (Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.66-2.41) and compared to women seeking other cosmetic surgery (mortality Rate Ratio (RR) = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.02-1.99). Subglandular implants were associated to a reduced rate of breast cancer compared to submuscular implants (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.63-0.96). We observed a 7-fold increased rate (IRR = 7.36, 95% CI = 1.86-29.12) of breast cancer in the first five years after the date of surgery for polyurethane-coated subglandular implant women compared to other women with subglandular implants without polyurethane coating, but this IRR decreased progressively over time (p value for trend = 0.02). Women who received cosmetic breast implants were also more likely to have an advanced stage at breast cancer diagnosis (Odds ratio = 1.51, 95 % CI = 1.18-1.92) and to have poorer breast cancer-specific survival (Overall breast cancer-specific mortality hazard ratio: 1.38, 95 % CI = 1.08-1.75). Conclusion: Cosmetic breast implants are associated with health risks that need to be acknowledged. Further investigations are needed for clarifying the cancer risk associated with polyurethane implants and for pursuing investigations on breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis among these women.
Ly, Madani. "Etude des caractéristiques épidémiologiques et biologiques des cancers du sein dans la région de Bamako (Mali)." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066347.
Full textLemarchand, Clémentine. "Facteurs de risque de cancers hormono-dépendants en population agricole au sein de la cohorte agriculture et cancer." Caen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CAEN3159.
Full textAgriculture is an occupational environment which expose to a large range of agents (pesticides, dust…), frequently associated with occurrence of several diseases. Only pesticides have been often studied but the role of specific pesticides remains poorly documented especially in France, first pesticide consumer among European countries. The aim of the thesis was to identify the determinants related to hormone-related cancers. This project relies on the data of the cohort AGRICAN involving more than 180 000 subjects. More than 11 000 cancer cases have been identified by regular linkage with cancer registries (2538 prostate cancers and 1087 breast cancers). Apart from tobacco-related cancers with a lower incidence, some cancers were more frequent in the cohort (prostate, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma, skin melanoma and lip cancers). Insecticide applicators on cattle, mainly those with the largest number of animals, pesticide applicators on specific crops (fruit growing, cereals, potatoes and tobacco) and specially those who do not wear protective gloves, people performing reentry tasks in those same sectors had a greater prostate cancer risk. Potential exposure to organochlorine insecticides (estimated using the crop-exposure matrix PESTIMAT) also increased prostate cancer risk. Although female farmers had an overall decreased risk of breast cancer, peas and vegetables growers had an increased risk. Results seem different according to menopausal status
Theillet, Charles. "Anomalies génomiques dans le cancer du sein." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20062.
Full textRoué, Tristan. "Épidémiologie des cancers en Guyane : Analyse des données du registre des cancers de Guyane." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGUY0743/document.
Full textThe objective of the cancer registry of French Guiana is to compile all patients living in French Guiana with malignant invasive pathology and/or in situ lesions starting January 1st 2003 in persons living in French Guiana, whatever the tumoral location and the place of diagnosis and care. This study aimed to describe the population with invasive cancer to improve the knowledge about this disease in order to target public health interventions more effectively.The age standardised incidence rate was 30% times lower than in France in both sexes and the same than in South America.We compared incidence and relative survival of patients with invasive breast cancer (IBC) and patients with invasive cervical cancer (ICC) between women from French Guiana and metropolitan France.The ratio between incidence and mortality showed that the prognosis of IBC in French Guiana was worse than in metropolitan France.The relative survival rate among women with IBC in French Guiana was lower than among women in metropolitan France.In French Guiana, the age-standardized incidence rate of cervical cancer was four times higher than in France. Women living in remote areas seemed to be diagnosed later and more often following symptoms.Access to care for migrants is challenging and sustains health inequalities. Early detection through prevention programs is crucial for increasing cancer survival notably for foreign-born patients. Further studies with more patients and other variables could improve the knowledge about these diseases
Manai, Marwa. "Caractérisation des altérations moléculaires dans le cancer du sein inflammatoire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5067.
Full textInflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC is one of the most aggressive breast cancers due its high metastatic potential. The diagnostic is based on clinical signs with rapid emergence but in reality these signs are subjective and non-specific. Despite the multi-modality treatment, the prognosis remains poor with survival in 5-year inferior to 50% vs 90% in non-Inflammatory Breast Cancers (non-IBC). IBC were rare in Europe and USA, represented at least 2% of breast cancer (BC), more frequent in North Africa and particularly in Tunisia which they present more than 5% of BC. Our team has found genes most significantly over-expressed in IBC given a molecular signature independent from the molecular subtypes and was composed of 79 genes. We were interested particularly to MARCKS gene that encodes for the major substrate of protein kinase C. As part of this thesis, we have attempted to better understand the epidemiological and clinical aspects of IBCs associated with a different geographical distribution. We will analyze the histo-clinical characteristics and the prognosis on a series of 219 patients with IBC treated at the Salah Azaiez Institute (Tunis) from 2008 to 2013. The results of this historical Tunisian series were compared with those of literature. Evaluate whether MARCKS protein could be a new specific marker for IBC by an IHC analysis on IBC and non-IBC tumor samples of French and Tunisian patients (N=502). Correlations between the expression of MARCKS and clinical and biological criteria were established
Vachon, Julie. "Cancers d'intervalle chez les femmes symptomatiques et asymptomatiques suivant une mammographie de dépistage normale dans le cadre du programme québécois de dépistage du cancer du sein (PQDCS) entre 1998 et 2004." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27385/27385.pdf.
Full textMaillard, Virginie. "Acides gras polyinsaturés, caroténoi͏̈des et cancer du sein : approches épidémiologique et expérimentale." Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR3304.
Full textThis thesis work had two objectives: to examine the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and specifically n-3 PUFA, on the risk of breast cancer, alone or according to dietary anti-oxidant compounds (carotenoids, vitamin E) using an epidemiological approach; to document the interaction between ß-carotene and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), the essential fatty acid of the n-3 family, on the appearance and growth of mammary tumours in rats. Two epidemiological studies based on the use of adipose tissue as biomarker of past dietary fatty acid intake are in favour of a protective effect of ALA in its cis form and of docosahexaenoic acid on the risk of breast cancer. This protective effect is greater for high levels of carotenoids, indicating an interaction between n-3 PUFA and carotenoids. These studies also showed that trans isomers of ALA are associated with an increased risk, suggesting that these isomers might be a risk factor of breast cancer. This increase of risk is more marked for low carotenoid levels, whereas it disappears for high levels. A dietary intervention in rats showed that the interaction between ß-carotene and ALA influenced mammary tumour growth. Thus our studies provide evidence for an interaction between n-3 PUFA and dietary anti-oxidant compounds in breast cancer. High dietary n-3 PUFA combined with high dietary anti-oxidants might have a protective effect on breast cancer risk
Couris, Chantal Marie. "Les bases de données médico-administratives hospitalières comme source d'information permanente pour l'épidémiologie descriptive du cancer : méthodes d'estimation et de correction du nombre de cancers du sein incidents à l'hôpital." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO1T234.
Full textJabagi, Marie Joëlle. "Risque d'hémopathies malignes après cancer du sein : Études à partir des données du SNDS." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS113.
Full textAn indirect consequence of the improved long-term survival seen in patients with breast cancer is the increased risk of hematologic malignant neoplasms. These treatment related complications although rare are very aggressive. This work focuses on the evaluation of the occurrence of different types of hematological malignancies after breast cancer in the context of current care, at the scale of the French population, using the French National Health databases. Overall, 439 704 women diagnosed with incident primary breast cancer between 2006 and 2015 were included in our studies. Results from the first study aiming to estimate the incidence of various types of hematologic malignant neoplasm in breast cancer survivors showed that acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and multiple myeloma occur more in breast cancer survivors compared to the general population. The second study aiming to analyze the role of postoperative treatment for breast cancer in the development of subsequent hematological malignancies reveals that breast cancer survivors who received chemotherapy at an early age were most likely to develop acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Patients who received radiation therapy were at higher risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia and lymphomas. The third study aiming to analyze the risk of these hematologic malignancies associated with the use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSFs) with chemotherapy for breast cancer showed that only the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia seems to increase with the use of hematopoietic growth factors. The work carried out within the framework of this thesis, using real-life data in the general population, aims to better inform the therapeutic decision, in particular for patients suffering from the disease at an early stage who have a low risk of recurrence and are treated with curative intent. Since the treatments are constantly evolving it is important to continue to monitor trends in the occurrence of hematological malignancies after cancer in the future
Villeneuve, Sara. "Professions, expositions professionnelles aux solvants et cancer du sein analyse de deux études épidémiologiques sur les cancers du sein chez l'homme et chez la femme." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00639294.
Full textPornet, Carole. "Influence de l'environnement socioéconomique et de l'offre de soins sur la participation aux dépistages organisés des cancers du sein et du colon-rectum à l'aide d’un nouvel outil : the european deprivation index." Caen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN3167.
Full textTo reduce social inequalities in health, the High Council of Public Health recommends measure precisely compare between different regions or countries, and track changes over time. The mechanisms underlying social inequalities in participation in organized screening for breast and colorectal cancer are unknown. The objective was to analyze the environmental impact of socioeconomic status and healthcare supply on participation in organized screening for these cancers with an ecological deprivation index, the French version of EDI. This work presents the construction of this adaptable European transnational index. EDI is composed of census variables that best reflect the individual experience of relative deprivation. The study on the comparison of eight indices as to their assessment of deprivation at the individual level, showed that the performance of EDI were similar to those of the British indices. Using EDI, our studies have shown that in the most deprived areas, participation in screening for breast and colorectal cancer was reduced by 13% and 25% compared to the least deprived areas. No influence of the healthcare supply as measured by the presence or absence of general practitioners or certified radiologists were found. Social inequalities in screening could be reduced by combining individual interventions and geographical approaches targeted at populations at risk of low participation socially identified, emphasizing the superiority of organized screening on individual testing and advocating the involvement of general practitioners
Amadou, Yacouba Amina. "Épidémiologie des cancers du sein en Amérique Latine : analyse du risque associé au surpoids/obésité et aux traitements hormonaux dans une étude cas-témoins au Mexique." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10257.
Full textBreast cancer is a major public health problem in Latin America (LA). It has been shown that, overweight, obesity, and hormonal treatments are major risk factors for breast cancer development. However, these associations remain uncertain among Latin American populations. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to fill these gaps by developing studies on the impact of overweight and obesity, and hormonal treatments in Latin American populations. We used the original data from a multi-center population-based case–control study conducted in Mexico. Prior to this study, we conducted a dose-response meta-analysis on obesity and premenopausal breast cancer. This meta-analysis shows that, in the exception of Asians, increase in body mass index was inversely associated with the risk of premenopausal breast cancer; whereas, increase in waist-to-hip ratio are associated with an increase of this risk. The results of the case-control study show an inverse association between high BMI and the risk of breast cancer in pre-menopausal women, whereas no association was observed among post-menopausal. However, other anthropometric measures (waist and hip circumference, and waist hip ratio) are also inversely associated with risk of breast cancer in pre and post-menopausal women. Further analysis of body shape evolution throughout life showed significant increase in risk of breast cancer among women with increasing silhouettes size over time. With regards to menopausal hormone replacement therapy, users have a significant increased risk of breast cancer. This study provides new information about the effects of these factors on breast cancer risk, which may be of relevance for the population of LA as a whole
Jeeraz, Mohammud Alashraf. "Le cancer du sein chez l'homme, approche épidémiologique et diagnostique : à propos d'une série de 57 cas diagnostiqués à la Fondation Bergonié et revue de la littérature." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2M102.
Full textPerquin, Magali. "Etude épidémiologique et moléculaire des voies métaboliques associées au glutathion dans le cancer du sein." Nancy 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN11322.
Full textGlutathione S-transferases (GST) and glutathione peroxidases, (GPX), together with glutathione reductase (GSSR) catalyse essential reactions for cell defence from toxic agents such as anticancer drugs and/or reactive oxygen species. With glutathione as the central component, this metabolic pathway is activated in most tumours and linked to resistant phenotype. Two approaches have been developed in this work. 1) An epidemiological study, on 41 patients, showed higher glutathione contents and an increase of the above-mentioned glutathione-dependent enzymes in the breast tumours, resulting in the improvement of the intracellular redox status. The numerous correlations between the components of the glutathione system observed only in non-cancerous breast suggest a highly coordinated and organised system that is disrupted in cancerous breast. The increased levels of GSH contents and its related enzymes activities are correlated with various prognostic factors linked to cell proliferation, suggesting the incidence of these inductions in resistance and tumour aggressiveness in breast cancer. 2) A molecular study was performed on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 sensitive or resistant to doxorubicin and/or vincristine. GST as well as GPX activities and expressions were increased according to cellular resistance levels, whereas GSSR and glutathione contents decreased. We focused on the one hand on the role of GPX, that we selectively induced with selenium, which nonetheless did not improve the antioxidative defence and, on the other hand, on GSTT2 subunit overexpressed in vincristine resistant cells and whose 5' regulatory gene region was isolated in order to further study its expression. Resistant phenotype could result from a concomitant variation of parai lei metabolic pathways, distinct from the early adaptive response to a defined cytotoxic agent
Filion, Myriam. "Comparaison de la survie des patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein ayant participé à un ou des essai(s) clinique(s) par rapport à celles qui n'y ont pas participé." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29435/29435.pdf.
Full textDanjou, Aurélie. "Dioxin exposure and breast cancer risk in the E3N cohort : multi-source exposures and timing of exposure." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1308/document.
Full textBreast cancer (BC) is the first malignancy among women. Its incidence has doubled over the past 30 years. Environmental factors with endocrine disruptive properties, such as dioxins emitted from industrial combustion processes, are suspected to affect BC risk. Ingestion of contaminated food and inhalation are the major exposure routes in humans. Epidemiological evidence on the association between dioxin exposure and BC risk remains inconclusive due to methodological limitations. The aim of the thesis was to investigate the association between dioxin exposure and BC risk in the E3N prospective cohort, filling current methodological gaps.First, we assessed the association between estimated dietary dioxin exposure and BC risk among women from the E3N cohort. Second, we developed a geographic information system (GIS)-based metric to assess airborne dioxin exposure at the individual address level, including proximity to and technical characteristics of industrial sources, exposure duration and prevailing wind frequency. The metric was then applied to each E3N women’s addresses from 1990 to 2008, and airborne dioxin exposure was estimated for cases and matched controls from a cohort sub-population (the Rhône-Alpes region). Third, we estimated BC risk associated with cumulative airborne dioxin exposure. Overall, no statistically significant association was observed, except for a decrease in hormone-independent BC risk. The latter was significant for dietary dioxin exposure. For airborne exposure, we might have lacked statistical power and confirmation at the national level is required. The inverse association with ER-negative BC risk is consistent with experimental evidence
Delort, Laëtitia. "Facteurs de risque et de protection des cancers dans l'étude épidémiologique COSA (Cancers de l'Ovaire et du Sein en Auvergne) : étude des polymorphismes génétiques et des interactions gènes-environnement." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF1MM22.
Full textBreast and ovarian cancer incidence is increasing around the world. The great proportion of these cancers could be explained by polymorphisms in low penetrance genes involved in major biological pathways. These genes could also interact with environmental and lifestyle factors. Thus an efficient prevention and a reduction in cancer would be conceivable with the identification of these variants. We performed a case-control study in the Auvergne region consisted of 934 women who developed breast cancer, 54 women who developed ovarian cancer and 1000 healthy women. The aim of the study was to evaluate genetic and environmental risk and protective factors for these pathologies. We genotyped the whole population for eleven polymorphisms in seven low penetrance genes involved in xenobiotic and estrogen metabolisms (CYP1A1, CYP1B1, NAT2, GSTP1, COMT, ESR, PGR). Oral contraceptive (OC) use, age at first OC use and breastfeeding were risk factors for early age at breast cancer onset. We observed a major role of central adiposity in ovarian cancer risk. We investigated the roles of polymorphisms in a multigenic model and found that COMT played an important role in breast cancer. This gene seemed to interact with other genes such as CYP1B1, ESR, GSTP1, NAT2 and with waist-to-hip ratio factor by modifying the risk. Polymorphisms in the studied genes would modify detoxication and consequently women exposure to endogenous or exogenous carcinogens. This would change individual breast cancer susceptibility. A limited role of these polymorphisms was found in ovarian cancer risk. Thus the identification of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions will lead to an individualized prevention strategy by identifying high-risk individuals
Coignard, Juliette. "Nouvelles stratégies pour l’étude des facteurs génétiques impliqués dans le cancer du sein familial." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS426.
Full textOne of the most important risk factors for breast cancer (BC) is having a family history of BC. Around 20% of the familial BC risk is explained by rare mutations in the genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2). An additional 30% of the risk is accounted for mutations in other known genes, like ATM or TP53, and by common genetic variants, called single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs), identified in population-based GWAS. Therefore, the majority of the familial forms of BC remains unexplained. Furthermore, there are large variations in the estimation of the BC lifetime risk for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. It has been shown that some SNPs identified in the general population by GWAS (Genome Wide Association Studies) modified BC risk for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Therefore, little is known on how these SNPs interact with BRCA1/2 mutations since association studies have been performed within the population of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers so far.In the first part of this PhD project, I developed a novel strategy to analyze genetic factors by integrating simultaneously environmental and lifestyle factors. This strategy was used to analyze the data of GENESIS study composed of pairs of sisters affected by BC without BRCA1/2 mutation and controls from the general population. 5,000 BC cases and controls were genotyped for the 200,000 SNPs targeted by the iCOGS array. Groups of subjects was created according to their exposition profile reflecting expositions to radiation or reproductive factors. Analyses stratified on groups built according to their reproduction factors exposures did not highlighted specific variants. However, analyses stratified on groups reflecting the chest X—ray exposures showed potential specific SNPs for women who had never been exposed to chest X—ray, in genes XRCC4 and MAGI1, and for women highly exposed to X-ray exposures, in gene FGFR2, already known in the general population.The second aim was to identify and characterize genetic modifiers of BC risk for BRCA1/2 mutation carriers using data from the international consortia CIMBA (Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2) and BCAC (Breast Cancer Association Consortium). I developed a case-only GWAS analysis where we compare genotype frequencies between 60,212 unselected BC cases from the BCAC and 13,007 BC cases from CIMBA. We identified 4 novel variants associated with BC for BRCA1 mutation carriers and 4 for BRCA2 mutation carriers at P<10-8. MADD, SPI1 and EIF1 genes, already associated with BC biology, was predicted by the tool INQUISIT, to be target genes of the potential causal variants located in the locus 11p11.2 associated with BRCA1 status.These new SNPs could be used to improve polygenic risk scores (PRS). Studies considering the exposure profile should be implemented in larger population. The models could then evolve towards an adaptation of the PRS according to women’s exposure profiles and that throughout their life
Lecuyer, Lucie. "Signatures métabolomiques associées au risque à long terme de cancers du sein et de la prostate et à l’alimentation dans la cohorte SU.VI.MAX : Nouveaux horizons ouverts par la métabolomique appliquée à l’épidémiologie nutritionnelle." Thesis, Paris 13, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA131023.
Full textBreast and prostate cancers are among the cancers with the highest incidence worldwide and notably in Western countries. The main current challenges lie in the improvement of understanding of nutrition/health relationships and in the identification of individuals at higher risk long before the development of overt cancer to set up prevention actions. A variety of factors exert an impact on the onset and progression of cancer. Among these, nutrition appears as a key factor, in that it can be modified and acted upon through interventions. It is therefore crucial to assess its contribution. For this purpose,detailed and accurate assessment of nutritional intake is essential. Metabolomics, allowing the identification of endogenous, exogenous and microbial biomarkers, opens new perspectives in nutritional epidemiology. So far, few have studies investigated the impact of overall diet on metabolism and risk of breast and prostate cancer through metabolomic profiling. As part of this thesis, we conducted nested case-controls and cross-sectional studies within the SU.VI.MAX cohort to highlight plasma signatures of breast and prostate cancer risks and of overall diet. Plasma samples were collected at baseline and were analysed using two complementary methods : mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. Participants dietary habits were estimated using repeated 24h dietary records and socio-demographic and lifestyle data were collected from self-administered questionnaires.These investigations highlighted endogenous and microbial metabolites associated with overall diet as well as candidate biomarkers of specific dietary exposures. We also identified endogenous, exogenous and microbial metabolites associated with breast and prostate cancers risk suggesting a metabolic disruption up to 13 years before cancer diagnostic. Furthermore, diet appears to be implicated in the variation in plasma levels of some metabolites discriminating individuals at higher risk of developing breast or prostate cancers. These results need to be replicated in future independent observational and interventional studies. In the future, the identification of robust metabolic signatures of breast and prostate cancers risk, of the impact of diet on metabolism and carcinogenesis, and food intake would contribute to better understand health and environment relationships, to better estimate nutritional exposure or even to contribute to the set-up of new public health recommendations in order to reduce the incidence of these pathologies
Rondet, Claire. "Déterminants socio-territoriaux de l'absence ou du retard de participation aux dépistages des cancers féminins. Impact de l'origine migratoire et du lien social. Une étude en population générale à partir des données de la cohorte SIRS." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066573/document.
Full textThis study inscribes itself in the general scheme of better knowing the social determinants of delayed or no lifetime participation of gynecological cancer screening. Social determinants here refer to the sociodemographic and psychosocial dimensions which can have an impact on this participation. We particularly looked at the impact of migration origin and social contact of women. Based on the data collected by the SIRS cohort study in 2010, this work leads to confirm the existence of an important social gradient with regard to the participation of women but leads to demonstrate that women of immigrant origin are in an intermediary position between French women born from two French parents and foreign women regarding the delayed or no lifetime participation on cancer screening. We also have showed the importance of social contact in this participation
Khalis, Mohamed. "Les facteurs de risque de cancer du sein chez les femmes marocaines dans la région Fès, Maroc." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1038.
Full textIntroduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. In Morocco, as in many countries that are either developing or in epidemiological transition, breast cancer incidence rates have clearly risen. Numerous risk factors for female breast cancer have been identified in the literature, but their role in breast cancer among Moroccan women remains poorly documented. The purpose of this doctoral work was to investigate the association between several risk factors and breast cancer among Moroccan women in the Fez region, Morocco. Methods Our analyses were based on data from two case controls studies conducted in the Fez region, Morocco: "Fez Breast Cancer Study" (2014-2015) including 237 cases and 237 age-matched controls, and the "BreCaFez Study" (2016-2017) including 300 cases and 300 controls matched by age and area of residence. Detailed information on various risk factors of breast cancer were collected through face-to face interviews. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for potential confounders were estimated by using logistic regression models. Results Our findings suggest that (1) Early menarche and nulliparity were significantly associated with an increased risk of breast cancer among women of our population, whereas an early age at first full-term pregnancy was associated with a significantly decreased risk of breast cancer. (2) High healthy lifestyle index scores were associated with decreased risk of breast cancer in Moroccan women included in our study. (3) Central adiposity and body shape trajectory were positively associated with breast cancer risk in both pre- and post-menopausal women; whereas, a significant inverse association was observed between silhouette at young ages (6- 11 years) and BC risk for premenopausal women and a borderline significant inverse association for postmenopausal women. (4) Women employed in specific agricultural occupations, particularly those who worked as crop farm laborers, had an elevated risk of breast cancer compared to those who never worked in these occupations and the risk increased with duration of employment. Conclusion Our results showed the association between some risk factors and breast cancer among women in our region. It identified some susceptible groups at high risk of breast cancer. Preventive interventions and screening should focus on these groups as a priority. However, our findings should be confirmed in larger, multicenter studies
Zomahoun, Hervé Tchala Vignon. "Effets des caractéristiques des femmes et des technologues sur la qualité du positionnement en mammographie de dépistage, Programme québécois de dépistage du cancer du sein 2004-2005 : analyses préliminaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27779/27779.pdf.
Full textSinotte, Marc. "Effets de polymorphismes génétiques de la voie de signalisation de la vitamine D sur les niveaux circulants de vitamine D, le risque de cancer du sein et la densité mammaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27354/27354.pdf.
Full textAlso, Alio Ramatou. "Influence de la densité mammaire, du traitement hormonal substitutif et de l'indice de masse corporelle sur la sensibilité et la spécificité de la mammographie de dépistage : Programme Québécois de Dépistage du Cancer du Sein (PQDCS) 2000-2005." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28624/28624.pdf.
Full textBrevet, Gentil Julie. "Influence des facteurs socio-économiques et géographiques sur l'incidence, l'accès aux soins et la survie des femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOMU04/document.
Full textIn developed countries, breast cancer is currently the leading cancer in women in terms of incidence and mortality (standardized rate of 101.5 and 17.7 per 100,000 person-years in 2005, respectively). Many risk factors and prognostic factors have been studied and are well known. Research is under way with regard to every step in the development of breast cancer, but the impact of socio-economic and geographic factors, at the individual and environmental level with regard to the disease have never been studied in France.The general aim of this work was to explore the impact of these factors in different ways to build on our knowledge and to develop practical applications in the primary, secondary or tertiary prevention of breast cancer.In our first study, we showed that women with a low socio-educational level were less likely to have benefited from at least one mammography within the 6 years or at least one gynaecological consultation within the 3 years before the diagnosis of breast cancer. These women also had a more advanced tumour at diagnosis than did women with a higher socio-educational level. These variables also came to light as predictors of a poor prognosis in terms of survival. In our second study, we showed that access to a surgeon specialised in breast cancer surgery, which is associated with better survival, was influenced by the socio-economic level of the patient’s place of residence, as well as the distance between the patient’s home and reference centres for cancer treatment, where the specialised surgeons work. In our third study, we showed that in contrast to many cancers, the incidence of breast cancer was highest in the most socio-economically privileged areas, and this whatever the age of the patient. We have no explanation for this phenomenon, particularly with regard to the youngest age group of women. Finally, the aim of our fourth study, which is currently on-going, is to study at the individual level, using the new European deprivation index adapted to France, to what extent economic wealth and social standing, as well as the proximity of medical services for patients with breast cancer have an impact on tumour stage, access to treatment, treatment techniques and survival
Prajapati, Nirmala. "Exposure to outdoor artificial light at night, working at night and the risk of breast cancer; Findings from three studies : CECILE, E3N-Generation and CONSTANCES." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASR017.
Full textBackground: The incidence of breast cancer is increasing and is projected to continue rising. Rapid modernization and growth in the global workforce have increased exposure to artificial light at night (LAN) and night shift work. These factors contribute to circadian disruption, a potential risk factor for hormone-dependent cancers, including breast cancer. Directly assessing circadian disruption through biomarkers like melatonin in large-scale epidemiological studies is resource-intensive and time-consuming. Existing literature on night shift work, outdoor LAN, and breast cancer risk remains inconsistent due to variations in exposure assessment methods and inadequate adjustment for confounders. This thesis aims to investigate the role of environmental exposure to outdoor LAN and night shift work in breast cancer risk in the French population.Methods: Three epidemiological studies were utilized to achieve the objectives. The association of outdoor LAN and breast cancer risk was studied using a population-based case-control study, CECILE (1185 cases and 1218 controls), and a nested case-control study within the prospective E3N-Generations cohort (5222 cases and 5222 controls). Outdoor LAN exposure was assessed using satellite images from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program. The association between night shift work and breast cancer risk was studied using C3-Nuit, a nested case-control study within the CONSTANCES cohort (671 cases and 1016 controls). A detailed assessment of exposure to night shift work was conducted using a comprehensive questionnaire on occupational history.).Logistic regression models were used to obtain risk estimates adjusting for important confounders, including environmental exposure such as air pollution and residential greenness (Normalized Difference Vegetation IndexResults: In the CECILE study and the E3N-Generations cohort, we found slightly increased odds ratios (ORs) of breast cancer associated with exposure to outdoor LAN that persisted after adjustment for environmental co-exposures. Both studies suggested a potential increased risk for post-menopausal women, while a stronger association for the HER2+ cancer subtype was found in the CECILE Study.In the C3-nuit study, no clear association between night shift work and breast cancer risk was seen overall, but the ORs for breast cancer were increased among women working alternating night shifts. The associations were more pronounced among post-menopausal women than premenopausal women, those with morning chronotypes compared to evening or neutral chronotypes, and those who started night work before their first pregnancy.Conclusions: The findings from this thesis suggest that both exposure to outdoor LAN and night shift work, particularly alternating night shift work, potentially contribute to breast cancer risk, supporting the hypothesis of the role of circadian disruption in breast cancer. However, methodological limitations, exposure misclassification, potential selection bias, and residual confounding may undermine the validity of the observed associations. These findings warrant confirmation through future studies with refined methodologies
Tannouri, Rachelle El. "Établissement d’une cohorte de patientes ayant consulté à l’Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine et porteuses de la mutation BRCA1-3600del11 : étude descriptive des caractéristiques cliniques et anatomo-pathologiques des cancers du sein et de l’ovaire dans cette cohorte : mise en évidence d’un phénomène d’anticipation génétique dans 38 paires mères-filles atteintes de cancer du sein ou de l’ovaire." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0072/document.
Full textIntroduction: Over 1000 alterations in the BRCA1 gene have been documented. Most of these are frameshifts and ~10% are missense mutations that generate stop codons leading to a truncated and therefore inactive BRCA1 protein. In the French population, prevalence of BRCA1 mutations has been reported in few studies; In a preliminary study of 14 breast and/or ovarian cancer families, a frequent BRCA1 mutation was detected in five unrelated families; the c.3481_3491del11 mutation (BIC: 3600del11), an 11 base-pair deletion in exon 11 leading to a premature stop codon at 1165. In a second study carried out in 2004 involving 27 index cases, the c.3481_3491del11 mutation accounted for 37%. The haplotype analysis of the families carrying the mutation c.3481_3491del11, all originating from Alsace-Lorraine (North-East of France), revealed the presence of a common allele, indicating a founder effect. Purpose: To an attempt to better define the clinical and pathologic characteristics of breast and ovarian cancer related with the 3600del11 BRCA1 mutation, we report our experience with breast and ovarian cancer patients carrying the 3600del11 mutation at the Lorraine Oncology Institute in France. The aim of the current analysis is also to evaluate any differences of breast or ovarian cancer age at diagnosis between mothers and daughters carrying the c.3481_3491del11 mutation in the BRCA1 gene.Patients: Within the population who were referred between 1994 and 2012 to our oncogenetic clinic at the Lorraine oncology institute and who underwent genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2, we identified 404 women carrying a BRCA1 mutation. Interestingly, 45% (180 of 404) of women with detected BRCA1 mutation had the germline 3600del11 mutation. These women were members of 89 different families with breast and or ovarian cancer cases. A study cohort of 38 women carrying the c.3481_3491del11 mutation and affected by first breast or ovarian cancer who reported a first breast or ovarian cancer in their mother carrying the c.3481_3491del11 mutation, was identified in 37 different families including members with breast and/or ovarian cancer at the Oncology Institute of Lorraine. Twelve mothers underwent genetic testing. Twenty five pairs of the 38 mothers-daughters pairs with c.3481_3491del11 mutation were affected by breast cancer and 13 pairs by ovarian cancer.Methods: Clinical and genetic data were collected from medical files and family pedigrees. Analyses were conducted for each cancer type. We investigated an early breast cancer detection effect due to early screening programs and also an increased breast tumor aggression. Since major improvements in breast cancer clinical management and imaging techniques appeared after 1980, we compared the age at breast cancer diagnosis and the age at death in mothers and daughters before and after 1980, first, in the group of women including mothers and daughters taken together and then in mothers and daughters separately. Genetic data were retrieved from familial files and clinical and pathological data from medical files. Descriptive statistics for the study population were calculated using the SPSS software (version 20.0). Results: Ninety one patients (71, 7%) were affected by first breast cancer and 31 (24,4%) by ovarian cancer. Breast tumors were identified in 37.4% of cases aged <40 years. Estrogen receptor status and progesterone receptor status were reported to 67 patients. Hormonal receptors status was positive in 31.4% of breast tumors. A triple-negative subtype was found in 21 cases, which accounts for 65.6% of the 32 patients with 3600del11 mutation for whom HER2 status was available. Ovarian tumors of the serous type, which constitute about 71 percent of all epithelial ovarian carcinomas, predominate among patients with 3600del11 mutation. Eighty six per cent of carriers were diagnosed at advanced stages III/IV [...]
Gentil, Julie. "Influence des facteurs socio-économiques et géographiques sur l'incidence, l'accès aux soins et la survie des femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00959607.
Full textOrsini, Mattea. "Évaluation de l'impact de l'environnement socio-économique sur le pronostic du cancer du sein : résultats d'une étude Cas-Témoins." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON1T026.
Full textContext: Socio-economic inequalities in health represent a significant public health problem. In the breast cancer context, socio-economic deprivation is associated with prognosis. Indeed, a relationship between area-based deprivation and diagnostic stages was already described in the international literature. However, the association between individual deprivation and diagnostic stages was not study so far.Objectives: Our aim was to (1) estimate the risk of advanced breast cancer associated with individual socio-economic deprivation, (2) study the impact of modifying factors, (3) evaluate the strength of this association according to the method used to measure deprivation.Population and methods: Data were collected from a Case-Control study. Cases and Controls were recruited among invasive breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2012 in the Hérault. Cases were defined as patients with poor prognosis breast cancer (with tumor size over 5cm, or with lymph node involvement, or with metastasis). Controls were defined as patients with good prognosis breast cancer (with tumor size under 5cm, and without lymph node involvement, and without metastasis). A total number of 604 patients were included: 173 Cases and 431 Controls. The exposition to deprivation was measured by a standardized questionnaire.Results: Deprived patients, with all other variables remaining constant, have a two-fold risk of having advanced breast cancer compared to non-deprived patients. Deprivation was not associated with the other biological factors (SBR grade, histologic and molecular type). Among asymptomatic patients (diagnosed after a mammographic screening), deprived patients have a higher risk of advanced breast cancer. Among women with family history of breast cancer so as women living in affluent geographic areas, deprived and non-deprived patients have the same risk of advanced breast cancer. Compared to other measures of socio-economic environment (social class, area-based deprivation…), EPICES score seems to be the most adapted method to study the association between deprivation and breast cancer diagnostic stages.Conclusion: Our results suggest that the gap observed between deprived and non-deprived patients seem to be associated with delayed diagnosis more than biological differences between tumors. This delayed diagnosis seems depend on individual and geographic components. Moreover, a better knowledge of breast cancer could allow a reduction of the barrier experienced by deprived women
Fagherazzi, Guy. "Facteurs alimentaires, composantes du syndrome métabolique et risques de cancer du sein et de diabète de type II dans la cohorte E3N." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718783.
Full textLeung, Lisa. "Occupational exposures and cancers in women." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASR014.
Full textBackground: Evidence from migrant studies suggests that environmental risk factors may play a role in the pathogenesis of breast, ovarian, and lung cancers, yet the etiology of these cancers remains poorly understood. Women account for a significant proportion of the labour force worldwide, yet research on occupational hazards of female workers is limited. Few studies have examined occupations common to women and occupational risks in relation to female cancers.Objectives: The specific objectives of the thesis were: 1) to study the association between occupation, occupational exposures and ovarian cancer, 2) to study the association between occupational exposures and breast cancer, and 3) to study the association between occupation, occupational exposures and lung cancer in women.Methods: Data from three population-based case-control studies on women in Canada and France that collected occupational history information was used to achieve the objectives: the PROVAQ study on ovarian cancer (491 cases, 897 controls), the CECILE study on breast cancer (1,206 cases, 1,294 controls), and the WELCA study on lung cancer (731 cases, 751 controls). In all three studies, an industrial hygienist coded the occupation of each participant's job. Job codes were linked to the Canadian job-exposure matrix, thereby generating exposure estimates for many agents. The relationship between exposure to each of the most prevalent agents and cancer risk was assessed, specifically 29 agents for ovarian cancer, 49 agents for breast cancer, and 41 agents for lung cancer. For ovarian and lung cancers, prevalent occupations were additionally examined by comparing participants employed in an occupation for <10 years and ≥10 years vs. never employed in the occupation. Associations with cancer risk for occupations and occupational exposures were estimated using logistic regression and adjusting for minimally sufficient confounder sets, identified using directed acyclic graphs.Results: Excess ovarian cancer risks were suggested for accountancy, sales, hairdressing, and sewing occupations, and for occupational exposure to agents linked to hairdressing-related occupations. Interpretations of results for single agents were limited due to multiple correlated exposures. For breast cancer, occupational exposure to agents, particularly textile fibre dusts, organic solvents, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, plastic dusts and pyrolysis fumes, were potentially associated with increased risks. Relative risks were suggested to differ among breast cancer subtypes and according to menopausal status for some agents. For lung cancer, elevated odds ratios were observed for teaching, professional, white-collar, sales, and service occupations, and for numerous occupational exposures, some of which were consistent with previous studies in women, such as cooking fumes, formaldehyde, organic solvents, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, metals, and paints/varnishes. Lung cancer risks for some agents were suggested to differ by smoking status.Conclusions: Certain occupations and occupational exposures may be associated with excess ovarian, breast, and lung cancer risks in women. As many odds ratios observed were imprecise, further population-based research on women is warranted to replicate findings. Studies with larger sample sizes and expert assessment information that can perform more advanced statistical methods accounting for multiple exposures may be useful in disentangling the effects of correlated agents in the estimation of cancer risk
Journy, Neige. "Analyse de la relation entre l’exposition aux rayonnements ionisants lors d’examens de scanographie et la survenue de pathologie tumorale, au sein de la cohorte « Enfant Scanner »." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T065/document.
Full textComputed tomography (CT) is a powerful imaging technique that provides great benefits for diagnosis and medical management of patients. Nonetheless, the widespread use of this procedure raises many concerns about the potential adverse effects induced by X-rays exposure, both in clinical practice and in terms of public health. First epidemiological studies have suggested an increased risk of cancer associated with CT scan exposures in childhood or adolescence. The interpretation of these results is, however, controversial, and evidence about radiation-induced risks of cancer is still limited at this level of exposure and during childhood.In France, the "Enfant Scanner" cohort was set up by IRSN to study the incidence of cancer among more than 100,000 children who received CT scans before the age of 10 in 21 university hospitals. This study is part of the European Epi-CT project – coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer – which includes nine national cohorts set up on the basis of a common protocol. The current thesis, based on the French cohort, focuses on characterizing the exposure of children receiving diagnostic CT scans and quantifying the risk of cancer associated with these exposures.Dosimetric assessment was performed from the radiological protocols used in paediatrics between 2000 and 2011 in the participating hospitals. This study presents the evolution of the exposures during the period and the variability of practices in the radiology departments. The results show that there is a leeway for optimizing the procedures and limiting the exposure of patients, especially for scans of the head that account for most of the examinations in paediatrics.From these exposure measurements, a quantitative assessment of cancer risk potentially induced by CT scans in paediatrics was performed – on the basis of estimates of risk in other contexts of ionizing radiation exposure. The results show that each CT scan could be associated with an excess risk of tumours of the central nervous system, breast cancer, thyroid cancer or leukaemia ranging from 0.01‰ to 5‰. Cancer risks may be up to 7 times higher for patients aged 1 year compared to 10 year olds. Uncertainties attached to these risk predictions were quantified by simulations.From the follow-up of cancer incidence in the cohort, the dose-response relation was studied between the risk of tumors of the central nervous system, leukaemia and lymphoma, and cumulative X-ray doses to the organs of interest from CT scans. No significant increased risk was observed. Indeed, in 2011, the duration of the follow-up, i.e. 4 years on average, was very short. The analyzes have nevertheless characterized the impact of (acquired or hereditary) immunodeficiencies and other genetic factors predisposing to cancer on the risk estimates, and highlighted the importance of considering the indication of examinations in studies on CT scans.The follow-up of the cohort should be extended to provide more robust risk estimates. Extension of this study as well as expected results from other cohorts, particularly within the Epi-CT project, would provide, in the next 5 years, significant progresses on the issue of the potential adverse effects of CT. To date, risk predictions from quantitative risk assessment are still uncertain, especially for cerebral tumours, but should help to guide the use of CT. In addition, efforts for optimizing the radiological procedures are still needed to reduce the doses delivered in paediatrics and the potential associated risks
Jobard, Elodie. "Identification of Systemic Markers of Cancer from NMR Metabolomic Investigation of Human Biofluids." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENSL0878.
Full textMetabolomics offers an approach based on the study of a comprehensive and dynamic metabolic response of an organism to biological stimuli or genetic mutations and thus constitutes a tool for translational research with a strong potential in oncology. We applied the metabonomic approach by high field NMR for the analysis of blood samples from clinical studies coordinated by the Centre Léon Bérard and for the prospective E3N cohort ( Etude Epidémiologique auprès de femmes de la MGEN ) in order to identify systemic cancer markers from human biological fluids . First, the statistical analysis of metabolic serum profiles from patients with breast cancer has highlighted a metabolic signature discriminating patients with localized cancer and metastatic patients and reveal biomarkers associated with severity of this cancer. Furthermore , this approach allows investigations on the effects of chemotherapy. Thus, during the study of sera from patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with experimental chemotherapy, a characteristic metabolic signature of faster modification of the host metabolism has been demonstrated for this treatment in comparison to two standard therapies. Finally, analysis of blood plasma from the E3N cohort interests the identification of biomarkers associated with the development of breast cancer and its etiology . After identification and quantification of sources of systematic variations affecting the metabolic profiles obtained, a stratified analysis of the "prospective case "- controls cohort is presented in this thesis
Dartois, Laureen. "Facteurs comportementaux et non-comportementaux associés au risque de cancer et de mortalité à partir des données de la cohorte de femmes françaises E3N." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T081/document.
Full textBackground: Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality among women in France, and the leading cause of mortality among women aged between 35 and 84. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer, with 35% of cases among women in France in 2012. Multiple behavioural and non-Behavioural factors have been associated with increases in cancer incidence and mortality. However, the literature about their combined impact is scarce. Regarding breast cancer, some risk factors differed according to the menopausal status, suggesting a different etiology between premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancers.Objectives: Data from the E3N prospective cohort of French women were used to evaluate the influence of behavioural and non-Behavioural factors on cancer risk before and after the menopause and on mortality. In addition, we aimed at estimating their relative impact on the population and identifying factors with the highest predictive power.Results: Our results suggest a modest influence of the lifestyle on cancer risk and mortality when adhering to only one public health recommendation. However, the influence is substantial with a combined adherence to several recommendations. Behavioural factors play a key role in the occurrence of cancer and mortality risk. Regarding breast cancer, these factors influence particularly the risk after the menopause, while before, their impact is lower than non-Behavioural factors. These observations were retrieved when aiming at predicting breast cancer risk according to menopausal status. Prediction was established by non-Behavioural factors in premenopause, while the prediction in postmenopause was driven by behavioural factors.Conclusion: We have shown that the etiology of breast cancer differs according to the nature of the tumour, and particularly according to the menopausal status of women. Whatever the age, lifestyle influence the risk of cancer and mortality, especially after the menopause when their impact is higher than the non-Behavioural factors’ one. New results from prospective study on younger women are warranted to confirm the results
Mohsen, Mroueh Fatima. "Diabète et cancer colorectal : épidémiologie et physiopathologie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ117.
Full textDiabetes is a chronic systemic malfunction characterized by persistent metabolic disturbances that culminate in a high rate of complications to which cancer was recently annexed. In fact, diabetes inflates colorectal cancer (CRC) risk by 1.2-1.5 folds. However, the cellular and molecular pathways involved are not well understood. Our results show that AMPK/mTORC1 pathway is deregulated in both diabetes and CRC. This was paralleled by an elevation in the expression of the NADPH oxidase Nox4 leading to an increase in ROS production. Furthermore, our results show that oxidative stress, secondary to alteration in the level and activity of Nox4 is augmented in diabetes and contributes to the progression of CRC. The resulting oxidative stress further led to an alteration in the signaling of the AMPK/mTORC1 pathways culminating in an exacerbated aggressiveness in cancer cell behavior and colon polyp formation. Our project allows the identification of novel molecular mechanisms involved in diabetes-induced CRC progression and development of effective therapeutic strategies to reverse the progression of CRC in diabetic patients
Lapointe, Jacques. "Androgènes et cancer du sein." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ57940.pdf.
Full textTEISSEYRE, MONIQUE. "Le cancer intervallaire du sein." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON11220.
Full textREBENA, DUBOIS CATHERINE. "Alimentation et cancer du sein." Lille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL2M275.
Full textDiest, Paul J. van Baak Jan P. A. "Quantitative cyto- and histoprognosis in breast cancer /." Amsterdam ; London ; New York [etc.] : Elsevier, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb373728109.
Full textThèse soutenue par P. J. van Diest. Bibliogr. à la fin de chaque chap. Index.