Academic literature on the topic 'Cancer Biomarker(s)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cancer Biomarker(s)"
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Zhang, Changyu, Qiang-Zhe Zhang, Kun Zhang, Lu-Yuan Li, Michael D. Pluth, Long Yi, and Zhen Xi. "Dual-biomarker-triggered fluorescence probes for differentiating cancer cells and revealing synergistic antioxidant effects under oxidative stress." Chemical Science 10, no. 7 (2019): 1945–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sc03781g.
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Rostron, Brian L., Jia Wang, Arash Etemadi, Sapna Thakur, Joanne T. Chang, Deepak Bhandari, Julianne Cook Botelho, et al. "Associations between Biomarkers of Exposure and Lung Cancer Risk among Exclusive Cigarette Smokers in the Golestan Cohort Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 14 (July 9, 2021): 7349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147349.
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Biomarkers of tobacco exposure are known to be associated with disease risk but previous studies are limited in number and restricted to certain regions. We conducted a nested case–control study examining baseline levels and subsequent lung cancer incidence among current male exclusive cigarette smokers in the Golestan Cohort Study in Iran. We calculated geometric mean biomarker concentrations for 28 matched cases and 52 controls for the correlation of biomarker levels among controls and for adjusted odds’ ratios (ORs) for lung cancer incidence by biomarker concentration, accounting for demographic characteristics, smoking quantity and duration, and opium use. Lung cancer cases had higher average levels of most biomarkers including total nicotine equivalents (TNE-2), 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), and 3-hydroxyfluorene (3-FLU). Many biomarkers correlated highly with one another including TNE-2 with NNAL and N-Acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)-L-cysteine (2CYEMA), and N-Acetyl-S-(4-hydroxy-2-buten-1-yl)-L-cysteine (t4HBEMA) with N-Acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl-1-methyl)-L-cysteine (3HMPMA) and N-Acetyl-S-(4-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-L-cysteine (4HMBEMA). Lung cancer risk increased with concentration for several biomarkers, including TNE-2 (OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.03, 4.78) and NNN (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.13, 5.27), and estimates were significant after further adjustment for demographic and smoking characteristics for 2CYEMA (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.03, 4.55), N-Acetyl-S-(2-carbamoylethyl)-L-cysteine (2CAEMA) (OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.01, 4.55), and N-Acetyl-S-(2-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine (2HPMA) (OR = 2.85, 95% CI = 1.04, 7.81). Estimates were not significant with adjustment for opium use. Concentrations of many biomarkers were higher at the baseline for participants who subsequently developed lung cancer than among the matched controls. Odds of lung cancer were higher for several biomarkers including with adjustment for smoking exposure for some but not with adjustment for opium use.
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Karagkounis, Georgios, and Matthew Kalady. "Molecular Biology: Are We Getting Any Closer to Providing Clinically Useful Information?" Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery 30, no. 05 (November 2017): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1606373.
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AbstractAdvances in molecular biology and biomarker research have significantly impacted our understanding and treatment of multiple solid malignancies. In rectal cancer, where neoadjuvant chemoradiation is widely used for locally advanced disease, most efforts have focused on the identification of predictors of response in an attempt to appropriately select patients for multimodality therapy. A variety of biomarkers have been studied, including genetic mutations, chromosomal copy number alterations, and single as well as multigene expression patterns. Also, as transanal resection of rectal tumors requires accurate preoperative detection of lymph node metastasis, the identification of biomarkers of regional nodal involvement has been another important field of active research. While preliminary results have been promising, lack of external validation means has a limited translation to clinical use. This review summarizes recent developments in rectal cancer biomarker research, highlighting the challenges associated with their adoption, and evaluating their potential for clinical use.
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Yarden, Ronit, and Tamara Springer. "Precision medicine in colorectal cancer: Gaps in patients’ literacy of biomarkers and genetic testing." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.4_suppl.55.
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55 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in the united states. Despite some advances, mortality is high and the 5-year overall survival from metastatic disease (mCRC) is only 14%. CRC is a heterogeneous disease with multiple subtypes defined by location, microsatellite integrity, specific genetic alterations and potentially age. The identification of specific driving mutation/s led to the development of targeted therapies. Patients are eligible for these treatments based on their personalized tumor biomarker profile. ASCO guidelines recommend that all patients with mCRC are tested for KRAS mutations. This mutation is present in ~40% of CRC patients, and serves as a biomarker for lack of response to EGFR therapy. Similarly, high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) suggests an inferior response to commonly used chemotherapy and favorable response to immunotherapy. Methods: We conducted an online survey to assess patients, survivors and caregivers’ knowledge and understanding of biomarker testing. Results: Among the 210 participants in this cross-sectional study, 81% of participants reported ‘no familiarity’ with the term biomarkers at the time of diagnosis, while 73% reported awareness at the time of the survey. Yet, when presented with specific biomarkers, majority of participants were not familiar with any of those biomarkers. Of the 103 stage IV respondents, only 14% were familiar with the four common CRC biomarkers, and only 1 in 4 reported their tumor was tested prior to treatment initiation. Nearly half of the respondents cited their physician and medical team as the main source of biomarker information (46%) while the other half reported their medical team never informed them of biomarkers. Overall, 50% of participants indicated that advocacy groups, medical websites, and various online resources were their main sources of biomarker information. Disparities of biomarker awareness were noted based on gender, age, and area of residency. Conclusions: Taken together, patients do not fully comprehend the meaning and implications of biomarker testing. Medical teams should make a greater effort to inform their patients early on in their treatment.
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Liang, Shujing, Lifang Hu, Zixiang Wu, Zhihao Chen, Shuyu Liu, Xia Xu, and Airong Qian. "CDK12: A Potent Target and Biomarker for Human Cancer Therapy." Cells 9, no. 6 (June 18, 2020): 1483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9061483.
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Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are a group of serine/threonine protein kinases and play crucial roles in various cellular processes by regulating cell cycle and gene transcription. Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) is an important transcription-associated CDK. It shows versatile roles in regulating gene transcription, RNA splicing, translation, DNA damage response (DDR), cell cycle progression and cell proliferation. Recently, increasing evidence demonstrates the important role of CDK12 in various human cancers, illustrating it as both a biomarker of cancer and a potential target for cancer therapy. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of CDK12, and review the research advances of CDK12′s biological functions, especially its role in human cancers and as a potential target and biomarker for cancer therapy.
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Bickel, Hubert, Wolfgang Bogner, Peter Christian Dubsky, Rupert Bartsch, Margaretha Rudas, Thomas Helbich, and Katja Pinker-Domenig. "Diffusion-weighted imaging using ADC mapping as an imaging biomarker for breast cancer invasiveness." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 11093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.11093.
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11093 Background: Recently, functional imaging techniques such as diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) have been added to routine MR and have shown great potential for improving breast cancer diagnosis. DWI depicts cellular diffusivity on a molecular level and can be quantified using the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). In malignant tumors diffusivity is restricted, leading to lower ADC values than benign tumors. The aim of this study was to proof, that DWI can be used to differentiate benign from malignant tumors and to elucidate if ADC can serve as an imaging biomarker for breast cancer invasiveness. Methods: In this IRB-approved study 250 patients with 267 suspicious breast lesions (BI-RADS IV-V) were included. All patients underwent routine MR at 3T. A DWI-sequence was added to a standard imaging protocol, increasing measurement time by 2:30 min. The lesions were identified in routine MR and DWI sequences and ADC values of the lesions were calculated. Histopathology was used as the standard of reference for all lesions. Appropriate statistical tests were used to compare the ADC values of benign and malignant tumors (cut-off value 1.25×10-3mm²/s), of invasive and non-invasive disease and between different invasive tumor subtypes. Results: There were 91 benign (mean ADC 1.58×10-3mm²/s) and 176 malignant (.94×10-3mm²/s) lesions, sensitivity and specificity were 94.3% (PPV 95.4%, CI 0.91-0.98) and 91.2% (NPV 89.2%, CI 0.81-0.94). 155 lesions were invasive cancers (median ADC .90×10-3mm²/s), while 21 were non-invasive ductal carcinoma in situ (1.22×10-3mm²/s). The invasive cancers were 130 invasive ductal (median ADC .91×10-3mm²/s) and 25 invasive lobular cancers (.83×10-3mm²/s). ADC was significantly different between benign and malignant lesions (p<.001) and between invasive and non-invasive cancers (p<.001), while no significant difference could be found between the invasive cancer subtypes (p=.163). Conclusions: Diffusion-weighted imaging reliably allows differentiation of benign and malignant breast tumors. The data suggest that ADC can be used as a non-invasive imaging biomarker for breast cancer invasiveness and may be of importance to treatment planning and outcome in breast cancer patients.
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Vallejo Morales, Esteban, Gustavo Suárez Guerrero, and Lina M. Hoyos Palacio. "Computational Simulation of Colorectal Cancer Biomarker Particle Mobility in a 3D Model." Molecules 28, no. 2 (January 6, 2023): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020589.
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Even though some methods for the detection of colorectal cancer have been used clinically, most of the techniques used do not consider the in situ detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) biomarkers, which would favor in vivo real-time monitoring of the carcinogenesis process and consequent studies of the disease. In order to give a scientific and computational framework ideal for the evaluation of diagnosis techniques based on the early detection of biomarker molecules modeled as spherical particles from the computational point of view, a computational representation of the rectum, stool and biomarker particles was developed. As consequence of the transport of stool, there was a displacement of CRC biomarker particles that entered the system as a result of the cellular apoptosis processes in polyps with a length lower than 1 cm, reaching a maximum velocity of 3.47×10−3 m/s. The biomarkers studied showed trajectories distant to regions of the polyp of origin in 1 min of simulation. The research results show that the biomarker particles for CRC respond to the variations in the movements of the stool with trajectories and speeds that depend on the location of the injury, which will allow locating the regions with the highest possibilities of catching particles through in situ measurement instruments in the future.
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Boehm, Brock E., Monica E. York, Gyorgy Petrovics, Indu Kohaar, and Gregory T. Chesnut. "Biomarkers of Aggressive Prostate Cancer at Diagnosis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (January 22, 2023): 2185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032185.
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In the United States, prostate cancer (CaP) remains the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men. CaP is predominantly indolent at diagnosis, with a small fraction (25–30%) representing an aggressive subtype (Gleason score 7–10) that is prone to metastatic progression. This fact, coupled with the criticism surrounding the role of prostate-specific antigenin prostate cancer screening, demonstrates the current need for a biomarker(s) that can identify clinically significant CaP and avoid unnecessary biopsy procedures and psychological implications of being diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer. Although several diagnostic biomarkers are available to clinicians, very few comparative trials have been performed to assess the clinical effectiveness of these biomarkers. It is of note, however, that a majority of these clinical trials have been over-represented by men of Caucasian origin, despite the fact that African American men have a 1.7 times higher incidence and 2.1 timeshigher rate of mortality from prostate cancer. Biomarkers for CaP diagnosis based on the tissue of origin include urine-based gene expression assays (PCA3, Select MDx, ExoDx Prostate IntelliScore, Mi-Prostate Score, PCA3-PCGEM1 gene panel), blood-based protein biomarkers (4K, PHI), and tissue-based DNA biomarker (Confirm MDx). Another potential direction that has emerged to aid in the CaP diagnosis include multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and bi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI), which in conjunction with clinically validated biomarkers may provide a better approach to predict clinically significant CaP at diagnosis. In this review, we discuss some of the adjunctive biomarker tests along with newer imaging modalities that are currently available to help clinicians decide which patients are at risk of having high-grade CaP on prostate biopsy with the emphasis on clinical utility of the tests across African American (AA) and Caucasian (CA) men.
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Aliyu, Mansur, Ali Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi, Shima Nejati, and Behrouz Robat-Jazi. "Urinary VPAC1: A potential biomarker in prostate cancer." AIMS Allergy and Immunology 6, no. 2 (2022): 42–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/allergy.2022006.
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<abstract> <p>Prostate cancer is ranked as the fourth most prevalent cancer commonly diagnosed among males over 40 years of age, according to the WHO Cancer Fact Sheet 2020, and it is additionally a leading cause of cancer mortality among males. The incidence of prostate cancer and mortality varied significantly across the globe. Diagnosis of prostate cancer hinders easier management of cases, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) use for screening of prostate cancer has poor specificity and sensitivity, thereby yielding overdiagnosis and unnecessary biopsies. Radiologically guided (ultrasound/MRI) prostate biopsy, considered the gold standard, is invasive and can miss a significant number of metastatic cancers. Even though mild, other prostate biopsy complications occur on a large scale, and few severe ones are often recorded. Scientists intensify their search for biomarker(s) for non-invasive diagnosis of prostate cancer using proteomics, metabolomics, genomics, and bioinformatics—urinary biomarkers were uniquely on the lookout. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)/pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) receptor 1 (VPAC1), which is overexpressed (a thousandfold) in prostate cancer at the onset of oncogenesis and is excreted in the urine on tumor cells, is a contender in the prostate cancer biomarker quest. VPAC1 is ubiquitous, expressed by normal and malignant cells, and interwoven in their cell membranes. Therefore, using urine samples limits the possibility of making the wrong diagnosis, since VPAC1 is not normally excreted in the urine. Nevertheless, studying transmembrane receptors is intricate. However, producing monoclonal antibodies against the N-terminal end of VPAC1 can provide a promising target for designing a non-invasive diagnostic assay for early detection of prostate cancer using a urine sample.</p> </abstract>
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Acharya, Devansh, Haoran Gao, Rick Dean Jorgensen, Muhammad Hamdan, Hussein Al-Ahmad, Brittani Thomas, Ushasree Chamarthy, Venugopal Gangur, and Gordan Srkalovic. "Analysis of immune biomarkers in cancer patients with solid tumors versus healthy subjects." Journal of Immunology 206, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2021): 68.19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.68.19.
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Abstract Cytokines and other immune regulatory molecules are critical players in the immune response against cancer. There is growing interest in testing the potential utility of systemic immune biomarkers to track cancer progression and to use them as predictors of effective responses to cancer therapy. The central hypothesis guiding this project is that specific immune biomarkers will serve as predictors of effective vs. ineffective immunotherapy in patients with malignant diseases. The objective of this study was to establish baseline of immune markers in patients already started treatment with immunotherapy (n=10) (T), patients starting, but not yet treated (S) with immunotherapy (n=10) and subjects without diagnosed malignant disease (W) (n=10). Blood was collected and plasma was isolated and used in the biomarker (100 markers) analysis using a protein microarray method (RayBiotech). The biomarkers in the three groups were analyzed by Principal Component Analysis, heat map with clustering, and differential expression based on p value, and Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM). Although 15 biomarkers were significantly different between S vs. W groups, based on SAM, only seven were found differentially expressed. Similarly, although 10 biomarkers were significantly different between T vs. W groups, based on SAM, only one biomarker was found differentially expressed. Furthermore, SAM revealed that responders (n=4) vs. stable (n=5) subgroup of patients within the T group exhibited 22 differentially expressed biomarkers. Future larger studies will be needed to evaluate whether immune markers will be able to predict effective vs. ineffective responses to immunotherapy and whether they may have therapeutic potential.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cancer Biomarker(s)"
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Wilkinson, Richard David Alan. "Evaluating Cathepsin S as a target and a biomarker in cancer." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709859.
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Emerging evidence has implicated cathepsin S with a pathological role within cancer. As a result, there is a need for novel tools to help unravel the role(s) this protease plays in cancer. A number of reversible and selective cathepsin S inhibitor compounds were evaluated in vitro to determine selectivity and cell permeablility. Following this, the inhibitors were evaluated using pre-clinical cellular models of tumour invasion and angiogenesis. l6 was chosen as a lead compound and evaluated in vivo, where it abrogated tumour progression in a colorectal model. Increased cathepsin S expression has been observed in tumour cells via an unknown mechanism. Our group proposed increased cathepsin S expression via a mechanism of collateral copy-number amplification of neighbouring gene MCL-1. The relationship was evaluated using gene-microarray datasets, which revealed correlation between CTSS and MCL-1, and poor patient outcome. Utilising l6 and doxorubicin, a combinational therapy approach was carried out using a breast xenograft model. Individual treatment produced a reduction in tumour volume, proliferation and concomitant increase in apoptosis, however, no additional effect was observed in combination, likely to be as a result of cellular stress mechanisms. Increased cathepsin S expression has been shown in several cancers, however, has been sparsely reported upon with respect breast cancer. Cathepsin S expression in infiltrating and tumour cells of patient samples was evaluated by tissue microarray. High cathepsin S expression in the infiltrating cells was associated with poor outcome. Interestingly, high cathepsin S expression in the tumour cells was associated with triple-negative breast cancer patients, and futhermore associated with improved prognosis, suggesting a protective role for cathepsin S. In summary, this thesis describes advances in the development of new inhibitor compounds for the elucidation of cathepsin S biology and furthermore, expands the current understanding of cathepsin S as a biomarker in breast cancer.
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Jobs, Elisabeth. "Cathepsin S as a Biomarker of Low-grade Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, and Cardiometabolic Disease Risk." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-234027.
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Cathepsin S is a protease important in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen presentation and also in degrading the extracellular matrix. Studies, most of them experimental, have shown that cathepsin S is involved in different pathological conditions such as obesity, inflammation, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cancer. The overall hypothesis of this report is that high levels of circulating cathepsin S, is a biomarker that reflects pathology induced by inflammation and obesity. The overall aim of this report was to investigate possible associations between circulating cathepsin S, inflammation, glucometabolic disturbance, and its associated diseases in the community. As cathepsin S appears to be a novel risk marker for several pathological conditions, we also wanted to examine the effect of dietary intervention on circulating cathepsin S concentrations. This thesis is based on data from three community-based cohorts, the Uppsala longitudinal study of adult men (ULSAM), the prospective investigation of the vasculature in Uppsala seniors (PIVUS), and a post-hoc study from the randomized controlled NORDIET trial. In the first study, we identified a cross-sectional positive association between serum cathepsin S and two markers of cytokine-mediated inflammation, CRP and IL-6. These associations were similar in non-obese individuals. In longitudinal analyses, higher cathepsin S at baseline was associated with higher CRP and IL-6 levels after six years of follow-up. In the second study, we identified a cross-sectional association between increased serum levels of cathepsin S and reduced insulin sensitivity. These associations were similar in non-obese individuals. No significant association was observed between cathepsin S and insulin secretion. In longitudinal analysis, higher cathepsin S levels were associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes during the six-year follow-up. In the third study, we found that higher serum levels of cathepsin S were associated with increased mortality risk. Moreover, in the ULSAM cohort, serum cathepsin S was independently associated with cause-specific mortality from cardiovascular disease and cancer. In the fourth study, we identified that adherence to an ad libitum healthy Nordic diet for 6 weeks slightly decreased the levels of plasma cathepsin S in normal or marginally overweight individuals, relative to the control group. Changes in circulating cathepsin S concentrations were correlated with changes in body weight, LDL-C, and total cholesterol. Conclusion: This thesis shows that circulating cathepsin S is a biomarker that independently reflects inflammation, insulin resistance, the risk of developing diabetes, and mortality risk. Furthermore, a Nordic diet moderately reduced cathepsin S levels in normal-weight and overweight men and women. This effect may be partially mediated by diet-induced weight loss and possibly by reduced LDL-C concentrations.
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Nweke, Ekene Emmanuel. "Discovery of pancreatic cancer biomarker(s) using focused pathway analyses." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23156.
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A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of philosophy.
Johannesburg, 2017.Pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is a deadly type of cancer with almost an equal amount of new cases and deaths observed yearly. It accounts for about 7% of cancer related deaths worldwide with less than 5% of PDAC patients living up to 5 years. The lack of specific and sensitive diagnostic tests is strongly responsible for this poor statistic. The discovery of differentially expressed genes and proteins associated with PDAC is crucial to elucidating this condition and may lead to biomarker finding and further understanding of the disease. This in turn may lead to improved diagnostic tests for early diagnosis. The aim of this study was to identify novel potential biomarkers for PDAC. [No abstract provided. Information taken from summary]
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BRANDI, JESSICA. "IN-DEPTH CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SECRETOME OF PANCREATIC CANCER STEM CELLS BY iTRAQ-BASED SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS AND IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL MARKERS FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF PANCREATIC CANCER." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/910982.
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L’adenocarcinoma pancreatico rappresenta la quarta causa di morte per cancro nel mondo. La prognosi per i pazienti affetti da questo tipo di cancro è scarsa, con un tasso di sopravvivenza a 5 anni dalla diagnosi che risulta essere inferiore al 5%. Uno dei motivi principali di questo alto tasso di mortalità è la mancanza di efficaci marcatori diagnostici e prognostici. Diverse ricerche hanno dimostrato che il tumore pancreatico è composto da una piccola sottopopolazione di cellule staminali tumorali, che sono caratterizzate da auto-rinnovamento, crescita indipendente da ancoraggio, capacità proliferativa a lungo termine, e resistenza alla chemioterapia. Diversi studi hanno evidenziato un ruolo centrale delle cellule staminali tumorali nella tumorigenesi,nella formazione di metastasi, e nella resistenza ai trattamenti di radioterapia e chemioterapia. Tali osservazioni hanno comportato la necessità di studiare ed identificare le caratteristiche biologiche delle cellule tumorali staminali in modo da incrementare le conoscenze per la diagnosi e la prognosi del tumore pancreatico. Lo scopo del presente progetto di ricerca è basato sull’identificazione di marcatori per la diagnosi precoce del tumore pancreatico attraverso lo studio delle cellule tumorali staminali. In questo studio, le cellule tumorali staminali sono state ottenute in vitro attraverso l’utilizzo di un mezzo di coltura selettivo, a partire da cinque linee cellulari stabilizzate di adenocarcinoma pancreatico. Le cellule staminali tumorali pancreatiche così originate sono state caratterizzate per la resistenza a cinque agenti chemioterapici, e per l’espressione di marcatori di superficie tipici delle cellule staminali e della transizione epitelio-mesenchimale. Inoltre è stato dimostrato in vivo che queste cellule tumorali staminali pancreatiche, sono in grado di dare origine ad una massa tumorale più grande rispetto alle cellule tumorali parentali, oltre a possedere una maggiore attività metastatica. I risultati ottenuti hanno dimostrato la capacità di isolare in vitro le cellule staminali tumorali pancreatiche da differenti linee cellulari tumorali e che tali cellule sono in grado di resistere all’azione di vari agenti antitumorali. Questa variabilità rende questo modello molto rilevante per una conoscenza più approfondita della biologia del tumore pancreatico, e per la scoperta di nuovi marcatori o nuovi composti terapeutici.
Diversi studi hanno riportato l’importanza delle proteine secrete dalle cellule tumorali come oggetto di studio per la scoperta di nuovi marcatori data la loro elevata presenza nel siero e nel plasma dei pazienti. Il nostro studio si è quindi focalizzato sull’analisi delle differenze presenti a livello del secretoma delle cellule staminali tumorali e della controparte parentale. È stata realizzata un’analisi proteomica basata sulla tecnica iTRAQ del secretoma delle cellule staminali tumorali e della linea di derivazione. Quest’analisi ha permesso l’identificazione di 112 proteine secrete, di cui 43 maggiormente abbondanti nel secretoma delle cellule tumorali staminali pancreatiche. Attraverso un’analisi in silico del secretoma delle cellule staminali tumorali pancreatiche è stata dimostrata una predominanza di proteine coinvolte in processi quali glicolisi e gluconeogenesi, via del segnale dei pentosi fosfati, rimodellamento delle giunzioni epiteliali, apoptosi myc mediata e via del segnale di ERK5. Per scoprire nuovi marcatori per la diagnosi precoce del tumore pancreatico tra queste molecole secrete, è stata determinata la presenza delle tre proteine maggiormente secrete dalle cellule tumorali staminali pancreatiche nei sieri di 100 pazienti e di 20 campioni sani. È stato dimostrato che i livelli di ceruloplasmina (proteina risultata maggiormente secreta) sono molto più elevati nei pazienti affetti da tumore pancreatico allo stadio precoce rispetto ai campioni sani; inoltre dal confronto con il CA19-9, l’attuale marcatore tumorale usato per il tumore pancreatico, in più del 50% dei pazienti negativi per quest’ultimo, i livelli di ceruloplasmina sono risultati molto elevati. Infine la combinazione ceruloplasmina/ CA19-9 ha mostrato un incremento della sensibilità rispetto al CA19-9 usato come marcatore singolo. Questi risultati hanno suggerito che la ceruloplasmina potrebbe essere un potenziale marcatore complementare al CA19-9 nella diagnosi del tumore pancreatico. Lo studio delle cellule staminali tumorali pancreatiche e l’analisi delle molecole secrete si è rivelato essere un approccio con un forte potenziale per approfondire le conoscenze nella diagnosi del tumore pancreatico e per identificare nuovi potenziali marcatori.Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. The prognosis for patients affected by this type of cancer is poor, with the 5-year survival rate after diagnosis being less than 5%. One major reason for this high mortality is the lack of effective diagnostic and prognostic markers. Emerging research has demonstrated that PDAC tumours contain a small sub-population of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are characterized by self-renewal, anchorage independent growth, long term proliferative capacity, and chemotherapy resistance. These observations render imperative the identification of the specific biological features of CSCs, in order to improve PDAC diagnosis and prognosis. The present research PhD project aim was focused on the identification of markers for early diagnosis of PDAC through the analysis of cancer stem cells. In this investigation, CSCs were obtained ,by using a selective medium, from five out of nine PDAC cell lines; after the formation of spheres which represent the first evidence of staminal traits, CSCs have been characterized for the expression profile of different markers by using FACS and Western blot analysis. CSCs showed increased expression of the stem cell markers EpCAM and CD44v6, decreased expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin, and higher resistance to five anti-cancer drugs. Finally, PDAC CSCs injected into nude mice developed a larger subcutaneous tumour mass and showed a higher metastatic activity compared to parental cells. The results obtained demonstrated the ability to isolate CSCs from different PDAC cell lines and that these cells are differentially resistant to various anticancer agents. This variability render them a model of great importance to deeply understand pancreatic adenocarcinoma biology, to discover new biomarker and to screen new therapeutic compounds. Since it is known that cells secrete proteins for cell-cell communication and that the specificity of secreted proteins can direct cells to distinct microenvironment, it has been analyzed the difference in protein secretion between CSCs and parental cells. It has been performed an iTRAQ-based mass spectrometry proteomic analysis of Panc1 and Panc1 CSCs secretomes identifying a total of 112 secreted proteins, of which 43 were found to have higher abundance in the secretome of Panc1 CSCs as compared to parental cells. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) analyses of Panc1 CSCs secretome showed a predominance of proteins involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, signalling of glioma invasiveness, of myc-mediated apoptosis, and of ERK5, and remodelling of epithelial adherent junctions. To discover novel potential markers for PDAC diagnosis, it has been analysed the presence of the three proteins that were over-secreted from Panc1 CSCs, i.e. ceruloplasmin, galectin-3, and myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) in 100 pancreatic cancer patient and 20 control sera. It has been found that ceruloplasmin and MARCKS levels, were significantly higher in PDAC patient sera compare to healthy controls. In particular, ceruloplasmin was more abundant in patients at an early stage of PDAC. Furthermore, the combination of ceruloplasmin and CA19-9, the current standard serum tumour marker for PDAC, showed an improved area under the receiver operating characteristic curve compared to CA19-9 alone and ceruloplasmin levels were higher than controls in more than 50% of patients negative for CA19-9. This finding suggested that ceruloplasmin might prove to be an important complementary biomarker for CA19-9 in PDAC diagnosis. The study of CSCs and the analyses of secreted molecules turned out to be an approach with a strong potential to improve PDAC biology knowledge and to identify new potential early markers.
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Sochor, Marek. "Exprese a prognostický význam mikroRNA u pacientek s časným karcinomem prsu." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-391378.
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Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women and is prognostically very heterogeneous. Early breast cancer has an excellent overall prognosis with long-term survival above 90%. In this group we can also find patients with highly unfavourable progress with a risk of future disease relapse. Due to effective anticancer treatment is a main task of precise clinical decision to determine risk of an individual patient in the term of cancer relapse. We can use clinical (tumor diameter, lymph nodes) and pathological markers (grade, ER, PgR, HER2, and Ki-67), all of them have low individual sensitivity and specificity. Molecular tests based on multigene DNA or RNA assays have higher sensitivity and specificity but their interrelated concordance is low. One of the main scientific task is to find almost specific and sensitive prognostic biomarkers. microRNAs are small, highly stable, non-coding RNAs, which regulate tens of mRNAs and proteins inside cells. In cancerogenesis, they could act as oncogenes or tumor supressors as well and affect main steps of initiation and progression of cancer. One of the scientific directions is to determine their prognostic significance. Many experimental and clinical studies defining prognostic significance of miRs in early breast cancer was published but their data were...
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Wu, Ming-Han, and 吳明翰. "Establishment of a prediction model of breast cancer using Apurine/Apyrimidinic sites as biomarkers." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22107NCHU5087043%22.&searchmode=basic.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
環境工程學系所
107
The purpose of this study was to establish a prediction model of breast cancer using the background values of Apurine/Apyrimidinic sites (AP sites) in breast cancer patients and healthy controls in Taiwanese women. This model aims to screen for individuals with high risk of developing breast cancer by two different approaches, including the “mixed” model and “independent” model. The mixed model utilizes the background levels of AP sites derived from the combined pool of breast cancer patients and healthy controls. The mean values of AP sites were calculated and served as indicators of breast cancer risk (high and low risk). Subjects’ characteristics for each group of individuals in terms of age and Body Mass Index (BMI) were compared. Additionally, the predictive values, false positive rates, and false negative rates of the screening model were estimated. The mathematical means and standard deviations of the independent model were estimated separately using AP sites derived from cancer patients and controls and served as indicators of breast cancer risk (high, medium, and low). The corresponding characteristics for each group of individuals were compared as distinguished by age and BMI. Subjects with levels of AP sites greater than mean values of the cancer patients was classified as a high-risk group, whereas those individuals with levels lower than the mean values of healthy controls was classified as a low-risk group and the rest of the subjects were classified as a medium-risk group. Results from our current investigation indicated that predictive value of mixed model (standard deviation) using the biomarker is 61.4% with 11.3% of false positive rates and 64.9% of false negative rates. The predictive value of mixed model using quartile approach is 59.0% with 40% of false positive rates and 42.1% of false negative rates. The predictive values of the independent model are estimated to be 85.4% in high-risk group and 58.7% in low-risk group. In conclusions, the model established in this study may be applied to the field of preventive medicine in breast cancer.
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Gomolčáková, Barbora. "Stratifikace rizika progrese onemocnění u pacientek s abnormálním cytologickým nálezem čípku dělohy pomocí molekulárně genetické analýzy vybraných biologických faktorů." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-335154.
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The aim of this thesis was to track the impact of selected herpesviruses, polyomaviruses, Chlamydia trachomatis and methylation of tumor supressor genes at the development and progression of high grade- lesion in HPV - positive patients by means of molecular-genetic techniques. Confirmation of these markers presence in women with severe lesions of cervix would help to raise necessary specificity of molecular genetics HPV testing and recommend it as a primary screening test for cervical carcinoma prevention. HPV testing could thus replace currently prevailing cytology which has relatively low sensitivity and therefore the number of false negative results. The analyzed samples consisted of cytological cervical smears of 51 HPV positive women, with histologically confirmed presence of severe lesions, collected in liquid medium. Samplings from 51 women without infection were used as a control. The possible effect on disease progress was confirmed only in the case of gene promoters' methylation whose presence was detected in up to 26 patients. It is, however, very unlikely that cancer would develop in all these women. This marker could thus help to stratify patients at risk but only to some extent. Although the individual effect of remaining markers has not been established in the carcinogenesis of cervical...
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Jin, Shey-Fay, and 金學輝. "Using serum albumin adducts of 17β-estradiol quinone as biomarkers for screening individuals with high risk of developing breast cancer." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22107NCHU5087033%22.&searchmode=basic.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
環境工程學系所
107
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer types in Taiwanese women. According to the Cancer Registry Annual Report (2016) published by the National Health Service of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer in Taiwanese women. The high incidence rate of breast cancer in Taiwanese women urges the need for better and more suitable screening and diagnostic technologies. The purpose of this study is to establish a screening model for individuals with high risk of developing breast cancer using estrogen (17β-estradiol, E2) quinone-derived albumin (Alb) adducts as biomarkers in Taiwanese women with breast cancer and healthy controls, including E2-3,4-Q-2-S-Alb, E2-2,3-Q-4-S-Alb, and E2-3,4-Q-2-S-Alb+E2-2,3-Q-4-S-Alb. Mixed model utilizes the background levels of protein adducts derived from the combined pool of breast cancer patients and healthy controls. The mean or median values of estrogen quinone-derived albumin adducts were calculated and served as indicators of breast cancer risk (high and low risk). Subjects’ characteristics for each group of individuals in terms of age and BMI were compared. Additionally, the predictive values, false positive values, and false negative values of the screening model were estimated. Results indicated that predictive value of the “mixed model” using the median of E2-3,4-Q-2-S-Alb is 96.2% with 0% of false positive value and 7% of false negative value. The background value of E2-3,4-Q-2-S-Alb at 256.7 (pmole/g) is the critical point. In conclusions, this screening model for individuals with high risk of developing breast cancer can be applied to the field of preventive medicine in breast cancer.
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Chang, Ching-Ming, and 張景明. "Analysis of clinicopathological features and prognostic factors for metastatic colorectal cancer by using biomarkers as IHC of MMR, PD-L1 and TIL." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22107NCHU5105043%22.&searchmode=basic.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
生命科學院碩士在職專班
107
The incidence rate of colorectal cancer is raising in Taiwan, and it ranks second of the top 10 cancers. The average survival time of metastatic colorectal cancer is beyond 2 years in current treatment modalities including surgery, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors bring great progress in improving response rate and prolonging survival time in many cancers, such as melanoma, lung cancer, head & neck cancer and urothelial carcinoma. Until the application of mismatch repair (MMR), immune checkpoint inhibitors are found to significantly improve the treatment outcome in colorectal cancer with deficiency MMR (dMMR). Furthermore, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has been proven to play a major role in many cancers. Meanwhile, the expression level of progreammed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in tumor cells may predict the treatment response of immune checkpoint inhibitors, and this applied to many cancers, esp. for lung cancer. Thus the purpose of our study is to explore the prognostic factors of metastatic colorectal cancer by collecting the basic clinical and pathologic features (include TIL) and performing immunohistochemistry analysis for MMR panel and PD-L1 of tumor specimens. Totally, 93 patients were included in our study, and clinical data were collected. We performed immunohistochemistry stain from tumor specimens for MMR panel (MLH-1、MSH-2、MSH-6、PMS2), PD-L1 expression (both in tumor cell (TC-PDL1) and TIL (TIL-PDL1)) and TIL, and then interpreted. Then variables were analyzed for survival analysis by Cox proportional hazards model. Age older than 60 years-old, lymph node invasion more than 4, grade 3 tumor and TIL－ were 4 poor prognostic factors by univariate analysis. However TIL－ is the only poor prognostic factor reaching statistically significance in multivariate analysis. Gender, primary tumor site, primary tumor size, status of distant metastasis, K-RAS mutation, MMR, TC-PDL1, TIC-PDL1 and initial chemotherapy were not prognostic factors for overall survival. Although MMR, TC-PDL1 are good at predicting treatment response for immune checkpoint inhibitors in many clinical trials, but they are not prognostic in our metastatic colorectal cancer study. In our study, TIL+ cancer has good prognosis in metastatic colorectal cancer which is less reported in available literatures. The good prognostic role of TIL+ is also found in other cancer types by many studies. We found that most of the dMMR patients are TIL+. However, the dMMR patient number is small, it is either difficult to do correlation analysis between dMMR and TIL or to perform survival analysis using MMR and TIL. We suggest large-scale prospective randomized-controlled trials with more patient numbers and immune checkpoint inhibitors intervention in the future.
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Chen, Wei-Tzuo, and 陳瑋佐. "Establishment of a prediction model of breast cancer using the ratio of albumin adducts of estrogen-3,4-quinone to estrogen-2,3-quinone as biomarkers." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22107NCHU5087009%22.&searchmode=basic.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
環境工程學系所
107
The purpose of this study is to build an optimal screening model for individuals with high risk of developing breast cancer by using the background levels of 17β-estradiol (E2) quinones, including E2-2,3-Q and E2-3,4-Q, generated albumin adducts in breast cancer patients and healthy controls in Taiwanese women. We used the ratio of E2-3,4-Q-2-S-Alb to E2-2,3-Q-4-S-Alb to develop both mixed model and independent model for screening breast cancer risk. Mixed model utilizes the ratios of protein adducts derived from the combined pool of breast cancer patients and healthy controls. The mean ratio and median ratio of estrogen quinone-derived albumin adducts were calculated and served as indicators of breast cancer risk (high and low risk). Subjects’ characteristics for each group of individuals in terms of age and body mass index were compared. Additionally, the predictive values, false positive values, and false negative values of the screening model were estimated. The mathematical means and standard deviations for the independent model were estimated separately using the ratios of protein adducts derived from cancer patients and controls and served as indicators of breast cancer risk (high, medium, and low). The corresponding characteristics for each group of individuals were compared as distinguished by age and body mass index. The subjects with ratios greater than the mean value of cancer patients were classified as high-risk group, whereas those individuals with ratios lower than the mean value of controls were classified as low-risk group and the rest of the subjects were classified as medium-risk group. Results indicated that the predictive value of the mixed model is greater than 92.5% with 0% of false positive value and less than 14% of false negative value. We also noticed that the mixed model also has high sensitivity (greater than 86.0%) and high specificity (100%). In conclusions, this screening model for individuals with high risk of developing breast cancer may be applied to the field of preventive medicine in breast cancer.
Book chapters on the topic "Cancer Biomarker(s)"
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S. Chauhan, Deepak, Priyanka Mudaliar, Soumya Basu, Jyotirmoi Aich, and Manash K. Paul. "Tumor-Derived Exosome and Immune Modulation." In Extracellular Vesicles - Role in Diseases Pathogenesis and Therapy [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.103718.
Full textAbstract:
Tumor cells, like most other cells, release exosomes called tumor-derived exosomes (TEX) and are vital for intercellular communication. TEX are membrane-bound extracellular vesicles (EVs), containing unique cargo reminiscent of the parent tumor cells and possess immunomodulatory functions. TEX carries factors that directly promote immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment and indirectly attract immunosuppressive T-regulatory (Treg) cells. The tumor-secreted exosomes can transfer their cargo by multiple mechanisms like fusion, phagocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis, activating the recipient cells. TEX directly engages and releases cytokines, inactivating natural killer (NK) cells and T-cells and activating apoptosis. Tumor-derived exosomes also release soluble factors to suppress dendritic cell (DC) maturation while activating the expansion of immune-suppressive cells like Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and Regulatory T (Treg) cells. Several studies have shown the relevance of TEX containing tumor-associated antigens (TAA) in reducing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy and adoptive cell therapy. Hence understanding the basic biology and mechanism of TEX-mediated immunosuppression is critical in discovering cancer biomarkers and finding better immunotherapy and cell therapy approaches. In this chapter, we have discussed TEX biogenesis, TEX\'s structural and molecular features, TEX-mediated immunosuppression, and its relation to immunotherapy.
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Siddiqui, Surayya, Sridevi I. Puranik, Aimen Akbar, and Shridhar C. Ghagane. "Genetic Polymorphism and Prostate Cancer: An Update." In Genetic Polymorphisms - New Insights [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99483.
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Genetic polymorphism and prostate cancer (PC) are the most pernicious and recurrently malignancy worldwide. It is the most dominating cause of cancer related casualty among men in the US. Asian countries are inflicted with PC at an alarming rate though still the prevalence of PC is lower than European and American men. Some of the genetic and environmental factors that might play a role in PC risk include: age genetic predilection, family history, race/ethnicity, lifestyle, and dietary habits and non-dietary environmental risk factors such as smoking. Socio-economic factors including economic, scholastic and intellectual factors do not, intrinsically seem to straight away influence the risk of acquiring PC. Other genetic changes that may support an increased risk of developing PC include HPC1, HPC2, HPCX, CAPB, ATM,s HOXB13 and mismatch repair genes. PC occurrence rates are highly variable. Almost all PC mortalities are due to metastatic disease, generally through tumors the progress to be hormone refractory or castrate resistant. PC, developing research has acknowledged a number of candidate genes and biological pathways associated with PC. Indirect pathways such as P13K/AKT signaling pathway is one of most well known alternate pathway in PC Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is widely known to be potent stimulator of angiogenesis. The over expression of EGFR in a very large majority of cases is accompanied by the succession of PC, implying that this may play a mechanistic role. Numerous occupational factors have been proposed to cause PC. Some of the risk factors include; farmers/agricultural workers, pesticides, shift work and flight personnel. PC treatment can be done through surgery, radical prostatectomy is the main type of surgery. Risks of injury are many – reactions to anesthesia, loss of blood, blood clumps in the legs/lungs, injury to surrounding organs, infection at the site of surgery and many more. The other treatments are hormone therapy, chemotherapy and radio therapy chemotherapy. Chemotherapeutic drugs are typically used one at a time for PC such as transurethral resection of prostate (TURP). Some of the chemotherapeutic drugs are Docetaxel, Cabazitaxel, Mitoxantrone and Estramustine. Among the score of biomarkers being studied, numerous markers and techniques deserve awareness and acceptability for both patients and urologists in clinical practice.
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Bianchi, Thomas S. "Characterization of Organic Matter." In Biogeochemistry of Estuaries. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195160826.003.0018.
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In chapter 8, a general overview was provided on the dominant sources of organic matter in estuarine systems. In general, estuarine organic matter is derived from a multitude of natural and anthropogenic allochthonous and autochthonous sources that originate across a freshwater to seawater continuum. Knowledge of sources, reactivity, and fate of organic matter are critical in understanding the role of estuarine and coastal systems in global biogeochemical cycles (Simoneit, 1978; Hedges and Keil, 1995; Bianchi and Canuel, 2001). Due to a wide diversity of organic matter sources and the dynamic mixing that occurs in estuarine systems, it remains a significant challenge in determining the relative importance of these source inputs to biogeochemical cycling in the water column of sediments. Temporal and spatial variability in organic matter inputs adds further to the complexity in understanding these environments. In recent years there have been significant improvements in our ability to distinguish between organic matter sources in estuaries using tools such as elemental, isotopic (bulk and compound/class specific), and chemical biomarker methods. This chapter will provide a general overview of the biochemistry of dominant organic compounds in organic matter and the techniques used to distinguish them in estuarine systems. The abundance and ratios of important elements in biological cycles (e.g., C, H, N, O, S, and P) provide the basic foundation of information on organic matter cycling. For example, concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC) provide the most important indicator of organic matter since approximately 50% of most organic matter consists of C. As discussed in chapter 8, TOC in estuaries is derived from a broad spectrum of sources with very different structural properties and decay rates. Consequently, while TOC provides essential information on spatial and temporal dynamics of organic matter it lacks any specificity to source or age of the material. When bulk C information is combined with additional elemental information, as in the case of the C-to-N ratio, basic source information can be inferred about algal and terrestrial source materials (see review, Meyers, 1997). The broad range of C:N ratios across divergent sources of organic matter in the biosphere demonstrate how such a ratio can provide an initial proxy for determining source information.
Conference papers on the topic "Cancer Biomarker(s)"
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Sathija, P. K., S. Rajaram, V. K. Arora, B. Gupta, and N. Goel. "Evaluation of biomarkers p16ink4a/ki-67 in cervical cytology for diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685267.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Novel biomarkers, P16INK4a/Ki-67 are disease specific and identify risk of progression to cervical cancer. Aim: To test the clinical utility of biomarkers p16INK4a/Ki-67 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Methodology: Experimental study was conducted over an 18 month period at a tertiary care hospital. 3500 sexually active women between 30-55 years were screened by VIA/VILI, Pap test & HPV-DNA PCR. All screen positive women (n=280) underwent colposcopy and biopsy if required. At the time of colposcopy repeat cervical smear were taken for evaluation of p16INK4a/Ki-67. Immunocytochemistry for p16INK4A and Ki-67 was done by partitioning one slide into two parts for each biomarker. For p16INK4A positivity, nuclear +/- cytoplasmic scoring and intensity score was calculated and final score obtained. For Ki-67 staining was exclusively nuclear. Staining patterns were categorized as negative, intermediate or strongly positive. Results: 86 women with abnormal cytology were evaluated with p16INK4A/Ki-67 immunocytochemistry and 20.9% (n=18) and 18.6% (n=16) were positive for each biomarker. For ASCUS (n=42) and LSIL (n=23) smears, specificity and NPV were 100% with a likelihood ratio (LR+) of 27 and 25 respectively suggesting good diagnostic accuracy. The combined sensitivity and specificity of p16INK4a/Ki-67 in detecting CIN-2+ lesion was 76.9% and 95.8% respectively with LR+ of 18.72 in high grade smears. Conclusions: p16INK4A/Ki-67 evaluation in cervical cytology are valuable biomarkers in ruling out or detecting CIN2+ in ASCUS and LSIL smears. Unnecessary intervention in large number of low grade smears can be avoided by applying these biomarkers. In high grade smears detection rate of biomarkers p16INK4A/Ki-67 was high and had a good diagnostic accuracy.
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Rahbari, M., M. Pecqueux, C. Reissfelder, T. Welsch, J. Weitz, NN Rahbari, and C. Kahlert. "Exosomal Glypican-3 is a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer." In Viszeralmedizin 2017. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1604757.
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Lambert, Elisa, Elodie Barthout, Remi Manczak, Sofiane Sadaa, Barbara Bessette, Muriel Mathonnet, Fabrice Lalloue, Claire Dalmay, and Arnaud Pothier. "UHF-Dielectrophoresis Signatures as a Relevant Discriminant Electromagnetic Biomarker of Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells." In 2022 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS 2022. IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ims37962.2022.9865336.
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Sarkar, Shubhashish, Vsevolod L. L. Popov, Malany O'Connell, Heather L. Stevenson, Brian S. Lee, Robert A. Obeid, and Pomila Singh. "Abstract 729: A novel cancer-stem-cell biomarker, DCLK1-S, traffics to nuclei of colon cancer cells: potential use as a biomarker for assessing colon cancer risk after screening colonoscopy." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-729.
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Velasquez-Rodriguez, JG, A. Boladeras-Inglada, A. Garcia-Sumalla, S. Maisterra, M. Galan, and JB Gornals. "EUS-Guided Esophageal Fiducial Biomarker Placement For Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy In A Superficial Cancer." In ESGE Days 2021. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1724939.
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Kemper, M., W. Hentschel, Graß J-K, BO Stüben, L. Konczalla, T. Rawnaq-Müller, T. Ghadban, JR Izbicki, and M. Reeh. "Serum Midkine is a clinical significant biomarker for colorectal cancer and associated with poor survival." In DGVS Digital: BEST OF DGVS. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1716289.
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Sicking, A., A. Franken, A. Kraemer, M. Watolla, M. Rivandi, L. Yang, J. Warfsmann, et al. "Investigation of EpCAM negative CTCs as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in metastatic breast cancer." In 64. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe e. V. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1757050.
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Eichkorn, D., F. Voßhagen, R. Zeilinger, A. Hasenburg, and M. Bossart. "Biomarker-based early detection of epithelial ovarian cancer based on a 5-protein signature in patients serum." In Kongressabstracts zur Tagung 2020 der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe (DGGG). © 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1718132.
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Ramdani, H., HJM Groen, E. Schuurig, L. Heukamp, M. Falk, M. Tiemann, and F. Griesinger. "Evaluation of Biomarker for Response to Immune Chekcpoint Inhibitors in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer." In 60. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin e. V. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1678244.
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Linxweiler, M., W. Schmid, S. Körner, F. Bochen, S. Wemmert, S. Smola, S. Lohse, M. Wagner, and B. Schick. "HPV status as predictive biomarker in head and neck cancer – which method fits the best for outcome prediction?" In Abstract- und Posterband – 91. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e.V., Bonn – Welche Qualität macht den Unterschied. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1710976.
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