Academic literature on the topic 'Cancer Age factors'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cancer Age factors":
1
Natanson, Mark. "Colon cancer: risk factors and screening." Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine), no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2004-02.
Abstract:
Colon and rectal cancers are usually combined under the same term "colorectal cancer". It should be noted that the lesion of the colon is much more common. Colorectal cancer ranks fourth in the overall structure of oncological pathology in terms of prevalence, and in some countries even comes third after lung and stomach cancer. Risk factors that contribute to the development of colorectal cancer include bowel polyps, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, and a genetic predisposition. Most often, neoplastic transformation occurs at the site of an adenoma or dysplastic lesion of the intestinal mucosa. Due to the high risk of neoplastic process in a sufficiently large number of elderly people, it is recommended that every person over the age of 50 should undergo compulsory screening to detect latent cancer. The simplest, but at the same time insufficiently informative method is a blood culture test - analysis for the presence of blood in the feces. Method of total colonoscopy and double-contrast radiography is distinguished by a higher information content, but at the same time a higher cost. It is recommended to have these examinations every three to five years after the age of 50 years without clinical manifestations, and after the age of 40 for those at risk for colorectal cancer.
2
Stickeler, Elmar, and Ingo B. Runnebaum. "Genetic risk factors for familial ovarian cancer." British Menopause Society Journal 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2002): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/136218002100321776.
Abstract:
In Europe ovarian cancer represents the third most common cancer of the female genital tract, with 30,000 newly diagnosed patients per year. Family history is the most significant risk factor. Lifetime risk for ovarian cancer increases from 1.4% for women with a negative family history to 14.6-32.2% in women from affected families. About 5-10% of ovarian cancers are hereditary and supposed to occur in three different forms: hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC), site-specific hereditary ovarian cancer (HOC) and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome (HNPCC). HBOC and HOC account for 80-90% of the cases and are associated with inactivating germline mutations of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. For BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers the cumulative risk by age 70 of developing ovarian cancer is 45-60% and 25-30%, respectively. Approximately 10-15% of familial ovarian cancers are related to the HNPCC syndrome with a cumulative ovarian cancer risk of 9% by age 70. Germline polymorphisms may further modify ovarian cancer risk. Bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy reduces the risk of developing ovarian cancer in HBOC and HOC families by 50%. Tubal ligation also significantly reduces the risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers (odds ratio 0.39). Knowledge of the genetic background provides an objective basis for individual risk assessment and prevention.
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Ganz, Patricia A. "Age and Gender as Factors in Cancer Therapy." Clinics in Geriatric Medicine 9, no. 1 (February 1993): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0690(18)30428-2.
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You, Y. N., Y. Xing, B. W. Feig, M. A. Rodriguez-Bigas, J. M. Skibber, G. J. Chang, and J. N. Cormier. "Advanced-stage colon cancer prior to the screening age: Association with age, race, and insurance status." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2011): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.377.
Abstract:
377 Background: Stage-at-diagnosis is a major determinant of outcome in colon cancer. Population-based screening is currently only recommended after age 50, but the number of colon cancers diagnosed before 50 is increasing. We aimed to identify risk factors associated with advanced-stage disease (stage III or IV) among colon cancers diagnosed before 50. Methods: Between 2003 and 2007, 248,716 colon adenocarcinomas (25,383 diagnosed before age 50) were reported to the National Cancer Database. Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis were excluded. Among the cases diagnosed before 50, independent predictors for presenting at advanced stages (stage III or IV) were identified using multivariate logistic regression. Results: 10.2% of all colon cancers occur prior to age 50. Stage III or IV disease accounted for 62.2% of the cases before age 50, and 46.9% of those diagnosed at or after age 50 (p<0.001). Among colon cancers diagnosed before 50, independent risk factors for advanced-stage disease included: very young age groups (age 18-30 and age 30-40 vs. age 40-50), African American race (vs. Caucasian), and having Medicaid, non-Medicare government insurance or no insurance (vs. private insurance), after adjusting for gender, tumor location, geographic region, and treatment facility type (Table). Conclusions: In the unscreened population of patients before age 50, disparities in age, race, and insurance are associated with the stage at presentation. The risk factors identified help alert the treating clinicians toward patients most vulnerable to delays in their cancer diagnosis. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Ursu, Radu, Radu Alexandru Truica, Alexandra Cojocaru, Diana Prepelita, Lucian Pop, Viorica Radoi, Nicolae Bacalbasa, and Irina Balescu. "Genetic factors involved in ovarian cancer." Romanian Medical Journal 69, S3 (June 20, 2022): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2022.s3.3.
Abstract:
Ovarian cancer is the most frequent type of gynecologic malignancy and is currently on the fifth place among different cancers worldwide. According to the estimations, ovarian cancer accounts for 1.3% of all new cancer cases. Ovarian cancer is considered a heterogeneous class of malignancies with a poor prognosis due to late diagnose and low treatment response. There are few types of ovarian cancer: epithelial ovarian cancer, germline cell ovarian cancer and stromal cell ovarian cancer. Epithelial ovarian cancers represent more than 90% of ovarian malignancies, and comprise high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSOC), low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSOC), endometrioid carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, and clear cell carcinoma. Of these, HGSOC is the most frequent histological subtype. The diagnosis of most of OC cases, at an advanced disease stage is one of the reasons for high fatality rate and carries poor prognosis with current therapies. Several aspects can increase the risk of developing ovarian cancer, including genetic factors, such as age, postmenopausal hormonal therapy use, infertility and nulliparity. Among the genetic factors, most commonly we encounter BRCA1 and BRCA2, at approximately 17% of patients. Also these mutation rise the risk for another cancers like breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostatic cancer and melanoma. BRCA1 and 2 are genes involved in DNA repair and maintenance. Other genes that have a similar function are RAD511C, RAD51D, BRIP1, PALB2, CHEK2, MRE11A, RAD50, ATM and TP53.
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Sharmin, Sadia, Sarwar Alam, Md Zillur Rahman Bhuiyan, Md Nazir Uddin Mollah, and Md Mamun-Or-Rasheed. "Clinicopathological pattern and risk factors of carcinoma breast in younger age group." Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 9, no. 2 (August 17, 2016): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v9i2.29197.
Abstract:
<p>Worldwide, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women. Approximately 7% of all breast cancers are diagnosed in women <40 years of age. Young age at diagnosis influences prognosis negatively as they present with more advanced disease at diagnosis and a poorer 5-year survival than older patients. The present study includes breast cancer patients in the age group of 18 to 40 years to enrich our knowledge about clinical presentation and pathological characteristics of breast cancer. To find out the clinical presentation and pathological characteristics of breast cancer among the young age group.<strong> </strong> This cross-sectional study was done over 100 cases of histopathologically proven breast cancer from structured Questionnaire was used as data collection tool.<strong> </strong>Mean age was 33.89 years. Among the respondents 88% are married. Among the total studied population 61 respondents had the history of oral contraceptive pill use. Family history of cancer presents in 13.0% respondents and absent in 87.0% respondents. Among the respondents 95% patients presented with lump in the breast. 97.0% had invasive carcinoma 90% were invasive ductal carcinoma in which 46.0% were moderately differentiated. 51.0% patients were in the stage IIa and stage IIb.</p>
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Ribeiro, Isabella Lima Arrais, Júlia Julliêta de Medeiros, Larycia Vicente Rodrigues, Ana Maria Gondim Valença, and Eufrásio de Andrade Lima Neto. "Factors associated with lip and oral cavity cancer." Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia 18, no. 3 (September 2015): 618–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-5497201500030008.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify factors associated with the occurrence of primary cancer of the lip and oral cavity regions compared to other types of head and neck cancers according to demographic, socioeconomic data and lifestyle, in Brazil, from 2000 to 2011. METHODS: A study was conducted using Hospital Cancer Records (Instituto Nacional do Câncer), from 2000 to 2011, totaling 23,153 cases. Data were analyzed by binary logistic regression (response category: primary cancers located in the lip and oral cavity; comparison category; other types of primary cancer in the head and neck, which does not affect the lip and oral cavity) at a significance level α = 5%. RESULTS: The study showed factors associated with higher incidence of cancer in the lip and oral cavity: being of advanced age (OR = 1.16), not having a family history of cancer (OR = 2.38), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.17); former tobacco use (OR = 1.51) or current tobacco use (OR = 1.65); having a previous diagnosis of cancer without treatment (OR =1.66). Being female (OR = 0.92), having completed basic (OR = 0.71) and higher (OR = 0.46) education and having previous diagnosis of cancer with treatment (OR = 0.74) constituted factors associated with lower prevalence of cancer of the lip and oral cavity. CONCLUSION: Age, absence of family history of cancer, smoking habits and alcohol consumption, and previous diagnosis of cancer without treatment were associated with a higher incidence of cancer of the lip and oral cavity.
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Bananzadeh, Alimohammad, Ali Daneshvar Jahromi, Amirhossein Emami Meybodi, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Tadayon, and Mohammad Rezazadehkermani. "Prognostic Factors of Recurrence and Survival in Operated Patients with Colorectal Cancer." Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 14, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/mejdd.2022.254.
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: The recurrence of colorectal cancers is considered to be one of the greatest post-surgical complications that is affected by various factors. This study was designed to investigate the prognostic factors that affect the recurrence and survival of patients with colon and rectal cancers. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 380 patients with colorectal cancers who underwent surgery were enrolled in the study (152 patients with colon cancer and 228 patients with rectal cancer). Preoperative serum albumin level, type of surgery, tumor size, differentiation grade, proximal, distal and radial, and marginal involvement, the total number of excised lymph nodes, the number of involved lymph nodes, and tumor stage were recorded. Also, the incidences of recurrence and metastasis were recorded during the study. RESULTS: 380 patients with a mean age of 57.11 years were enrolled in the study. 152 patients with an average age of 57.57 years were diagnosed as having colon cancer. Recurrence and metastasis occurred in two patients (1.3%) and five patients (3.3%), respectively. 18 patients (11.8%) died because of colon cancer. 228 patients with a mean age of 56.81 had rectal cancer. Recurrence was seen in 19 patients (8.3%) and metastasis in 33 patients (14.5%). 38 patients (16.7%) died because of rectal cancer. Tumor size and involved lymph nodes were independent prognostic factors for the recurrence and metastases of colon cancer. Only involved lymph nodes were associated with death due to colon cancer. Independent prognostic factors for rectal cancer metastasis include serum albumin level and age. The total number of excised lymph nodes was the only predictor of tumor recurrence and death in rectal cancer. The median survival times of colon and rectal cancers were 90 and 110 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: The size of the tumor and the number of involved lymph nodes were independent prognostic factors for recurrence and metastasis of colon cancer. Also, the number of involved lymph nodes was associated with colon cancer-related deaths. In the case of rectal cancer, serum albumin levels and age predicted metastases. Only the total number of excised lymph nodes had a reverse relationship with recurrence and rectal cancer-related death.
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Yuan, Chen, Jihye Kim, Qiao-Li Wang, Alice A. Lee, Ana Babic, Laufey T. Amundadottir, Alison P. Klein, et al. "Abstract 5891: The age-dependent association of risk factors with pancreatic cancer." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 5891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5891.
Abstract:
Abstract Importance: Pancreatic cancer presents as advanced disease in >80% of patients; yet, appropriate ages to consider prevention and early detection strategies are poorly defined. Objective: To investigate age-specific associations and attributable risks of pancreatic cancer for established modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Design, Setting, and Participants: We included 167,483 participants from 2 prospective U.S. cohort studies with 1190 incident cases of pancreatic cancer identified during >30 years of follow-up; 5107 pancreatic cancer cases and 8845 control participants of European ancestry from a completed multicenter genome-wide association study (GWAS); and 248,893 pancreatic cancer cases documented in the U.S. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. Exposures: Across different age categories, we investigated cigarette smoking, obesity, diabetes, height, and non-O blood group in the prospective cohorts; weighted polygenic risk score of 22 previously identified single nucleotide polymorphisms in the GWAS; and male sex and Black race in the SEER program. Main outcomes and measures: Risk of developing pancreatic cancer by age evaluated by Cox, logistic, or Poisson regression, as determined by the study design. Results: In the prospective cohorts, all 5 risk factors were more strongly associated with pancreatic cancer risk among younger participants, with associations greatly attenuated among those over 70 years. The HRs comparing participants with 3-5 risk factors to those with no risk factors were 9.24 (95% CI, 4.11-20.77) among those aged ≤60 years, 3.00 (95% CI, 1.85-4.86) among those aged 61-70 years, and 1.46 (95% CI, 1.10-1.94) among those over 70 years (Pheterogeneity = 3×10-5). These factors together were related to 65.6%, 49.7%, and 17.2% of incident pancreatic cancers in these age groups, respectively. In the GWAS, the polygenic risk score was most strongly associated with pancreatic cancer risk among those aged ≤60 years, with lesser associations identified in older participants (Pheterogeneity = .01). In the SEER Program, male sex and Black race were also more strongly associated with pancreatic cancer risk among younger individuals (Pheterogeneity < 1×10-8). Conclusions and relevance: Inherited and lifestyle factors are more strongly associated with earlier-onset pancreatic cancer, emphasizing the importance of age at initiation for cancer prevention and control programs targeting this highly lethal malignancy. Citation Format: Chen Yuan, Jihye Kim, Qiao-Li Wang, Alice A. Lee, Ana Babic, PanScan/PanC4 I-III Consortium, Laufey T. Amundadottir, Alison P. Klein, Donghui Li, Marjorie L. McCullough, Gloria M. Petersen, Harvey A. Risch, Rachael Z. Stolzenberg-Solomon, Kimberly Perez, Kimmie Ng, Edward L. Giovannucci, Meir J. Stampfer, Peter Kraft, Brian M. Wolpin. The age-dependent association of risk factors with pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5891.
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Mihajlovic-Bozic, Vesna. "Risk factors for colorectal cancer." Archive of Oncology 12, no. 1 (2004): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aoo0401045m.
Abstract:
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in human population. It causes significant morbidity and mortality in our country. The incidence of colorectal cancer increases in the fifth decade of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between colorectal cancer and potential risk factors. A case-control study of colorectal cancer was carried out between 1998 and 1999 in Clinical Center of Serbia, Center for Digestive Surgery. A total of 100 cases of newly diagnosed patients with colorectal cancer confirmed by histopathology and an equal number of controls, individually matched by gender and age (+/-5 years), were chosen from patients from the same hospital with no history of cancer at all. McNemar test and conditional logistic regression were used in the analysis. According to logistic regression analysis the following risk factors were independently related with the occurrence of colorectal cancer: cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and diet rich in red meat and fat promote the carcinogenic process; food rich in vegetables, fruits, grains, vitamin C, physical activity, and oral contraceptive use inhibit the same process. A family history of cancer and long standing inflammatory bowel diseases also have significant role. There is convincing evidence that nutrition affects colorectal carcinogenesis in a complex fashion.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cancer Age factors":
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Profant, Judith. "Fatigue and sleep complaints in women treated for breast cancer /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3129934.
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Grönberg, Henrik. "Prostate cancer : epidemiological studies." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Onkologi, 1995. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96894.
Abstract:
Prostate cancer is a large and increasing medical problem both in Sweden and in the rest of the developed world, with about 300.000 new cases diagnosed world wide annually. Despite the high incidence of this disease, little is known about the aetiology of prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to try to understand more about the natural history and to find possible a etiological risk factors for this tumour. In a population based study of prostate cancer cases in northern Sweden it was found that the large increase in prostate cancer during the last two decades was mainly caused by well (Gl) and moderately (G2) differentiated tumours. However, the incidence of poorly differentiated (G3) tumours remained unchanged. The introduction of new diagnostic methods is the most plausible explanation for the increase of these low grade tumours. The relative survival in prostate cancer was found to be independent of patient age at diagnosis, indicating that tumour proliferation and the aggressiveness of this disease is equal in all ages. However, due to the increasing occurrence of concurrent diseases with growing age the number of lost years caused by prostate cancer decreases dramatically in older age groups. The overall cause specific mortality for prostate cancer was found to be around 50%. In accordance with most other cancer tumours, the annual mortality rate decreased with longer survival also for prostate cancer patients. In a study from the Swedish Twin Register it was found that the proband concordance rates for prostate cancer were 4,5 time greater among monozygotic compared to dizygotic twins. In a large nation-wide cohort study of men who had a father with prostate cancer, the overall standardised incidence ratio (SIR) was 1.70 for prostate cancer. Younger age at diagnosis among the fathers were associated with an increased risk among sons. This cohort study and the twin study indicates that both inherited and familial factors are of importance in a subgroup of prostate cancer patients. In a prospective case-control study, both a high body mass index (BMI) and a high food intake were found to be independent risk factors for prostate cancer. Both BMI and a high food intake might be indicators of a high fat diet, which so far is the most consistent exogenous risk factor for prostate cancer. The use of tobacco or alcoholic beverages were not associated with prostate cancer risk.Härtill 5 uppsatser
digitalisering@umu
3
Williams, Faustine, and Emmanuel Thompson. "Disparities in Breast Cancer Stage at Diagnosis: Importance of Race, Poverty, and Age." Digital Scholarship@UNLV, 2018. https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/jhdrp/vol10/iss3/4.
Abstract:
This study investigated the association of race, age, and census tract area poverty level on breast cancer stage at diagnosis. The study was limited to women residing in Missouri, aged 18 years and older, diagnosed with breast cancer, and whose cases were reported to the Cancer Registry between 2003 and 2008. The risk, relative risk, and increased risk of late-stage at diagnosis by race, age, and census tract area poverty level were computed. We found that the odds of late-stage breast cancer among African-American women were higher when compared with their white counterpart (OR 1.433; 95% CI, 1.316, 1.560). In addition, the odds of advanced stage disease for women residing in high-poverty areas were greater than those living in low-poverty areas (OR 1.319; 95% CI 1.08; 1.201). To close the widening cancer disparities gap in Missouri, there is the need for effective and programmatic strategies to enable interventions to reach areas and populations most vulnerable to advanced stage breast cancer diagnosis.
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Williams, Faustine, and Emmanuel Thompson. "Disparities in Breast Cancer Stage at Diagnosis: Importance of Race, Poverty, and Age." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5342.
Abstract:
This study investigated the association of race, age, and census tract area poverty level on breast cancer stage at diagnosis. The study was limited to women residing in Missouri, aged 18 years and older, diagnosed with breast cancer, and whose cases were reported to the Cancer Registry between 2003 and 2008. The risk, relative risk, and increased risk of late-stage at diagnosis by race, age, and census tract area poverty level were computed. We found that the odds of late-stage breast cancer among African-American women were higher when compared with their white counterpart (OR 1.433; 95% CI, 1.316, 1.560). In addition, the odds of advanced stage disease for women residing in high-poverty areas were greater than those living in low-poverty areas (OR 1.319; 95% CI 1.08; 1.201). To close the widening cancer disparities gap in Missouri, there is the need for effective and programmatic strategies to enable interventions to reach areas and populations most vulnerable to advanced stage breast cancer diagnosis.
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González, Judith T. "Motivators for Colon Cancer Prevention Among Elderly Mexican Americans." University of Arizona, Mexican American Studies and Research Center, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/219035.
Abstract:
This final report documents the theoretical development and preliminary empirical testing of a model that predicts the conditions under which Hispanics will seek preventive health care. Research shows that Hispanics delay preventive care, resulting in higher morbidity and mortality rates for serious diseases such as cancer. Since many serious diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes and cancer can be prevented or treated more effectively if detected early, it is crucial to understand the motivating forces behind Hispanics’ preventive health behavior. The Hispanic model, which is an extension of the Health Behavior in Cancer Prevention Model developed by Atwood, et al. (1986), includes as core variables environmental barriers to access and English-language proficiency, as well as social support, health beliefs, self-efficacy (or perceived skill), health locus of control, and health values.
This correlational descriptive study employed snowballing sampling methods and consisted of 199 Hispanics between 49 and 94 years of age. Measures consist of multi-item scales whose content follows that of the Parent Project. The final instruments showed reliability (Alphas between .69 and .95), although the model testing was limited by the exclusion of some constructs that did not demonstrate reliability. The outcome of predisposition to self-care was predicted by utilization barriers to care, Chance Health Locus of Control, and General Health threat, resulting in an R-square of .07. The findings dealing with dietary preferences and preferred dietary modifications also have great implications for interventions aimed at preventing colon cancer among Hispanics. The practical health policy applications of the model are also discussed.
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Crott, Jimmy. "The effects of folic acid deficiency and defects in folate metabolism on chromosome damage in vitro." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc9515.pdf.
Abstract:
Reprints of the author's previously published articles included as an appendix. Bibliography: leaves 165-188. "This thesis describes a series of experiments that aimed to investigate the effects of folic acid deficiency and defects in folate metabolism on chromosome damage rates in human lymphocytes. The accumulation of chromosome damage over time is an important issue because it is thought to contribute to the mechanism of ageing and the aetiology of diseases of age such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease."
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Hartman, Mikael. "Risk and prognosis of breast cancer among women at high risk of the disease /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-303-0/.
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Hammond, Marsha V. "Breast Cancer Screening Health Behaviors in Older Women." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278973/.
Abstract:
Health beliefs of 221 postmenopausal women were assessed to predict the Breast Cancer Screening Behaviors of breast self-examination (BSE) and utilization of mammography. Champion's (1991) revised Health Belief Model (HBM) instrument for BSE, which assesses the HBM constructs of Seriousness, Susceptibility, Benefits, Barriers, Confidence and Health Motivation, was utilized along with her Barriers and Benefits instrument for mammography usage. Ronis' and Harel's (1989) constructs of Severity-Late and Severity-Early were evaluated along with Cuing and demographic variables. These exogenous latent constructs were utilized in a LISREL path model to predict Breast Cancer Screening Behavior.
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Hellquist, Barbro Numan. "Breast cancer screening with mammography of women 40-49 years in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Onkologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-86215.
Abstract:
Background The debate regarding the lower age limit for mammography service screening is old and lively; a product in part of the lower breast cancer risk in younger ages as well as the limited data available for studies of the younger age group. Recently the idea of inviting only high risk groups has gained momentum, however high risk might not be equivalent to greater benefit from screening. Therefore, there is a need for information on effectiveness of screening as it relates to young women and to specific risk groups. To this end, this thesis evaluates mammography screening for the age group – 40 to 49 year old women – in terms of breast cancer mortality reduction in total and in subgroups based on breast cancer risk factors. Overdiagnosis of mammography screening is also evaluated for women 40 to 49 years old. In addition, this thesis presents a statistical method to estimate this effectiveness and to test for differences in effectiveness between subgroups adjusted for non-compliance and contamination. Methods The studies of this thesis are based on data from the Screening of Young Women (SCRY) database. The SCRY database consists of detailed information on diagnosis, death, screening exposure and risk factors for breast cancer cases and population size by year (between 1986 and 2005) and municipality for women in Sweden between 40 and 49 years old. The material was divided into a study group consisting of the counties that invited women in the age group 40-49 years to mammography screening, and a contemporaneous control group consisting of the counties that did not. Effectiveness was estimated in terms of rate ratios for two different exposures (invitation to and participation in screening), and overdiagnosis for subsequent screening was estimated adjusting for lead time bias. Defining a reference period enabled adjustment for possible underlying differences in breast cancer mortality and incidence. A statistical model for adjusting for non-compliance and contamination in randomised controlled trials was further developed to allow for adjustment in cohort studies using a Poisson model with log-linear structure for exposure and background risk. Results During the study period (1986-2005), there were 619 and 1205 breast cancer deaths and 6047 and 7790 breast cancer cases in the study group and the control groups, respectively. For women between 40 and 49 years old, the breast cancer mortality reduction was estimated at 26% [95% CI, 17 to 34%] for invited to screening and 29% [95% CI, 20 to 38%] for attending screening. The RR estimates for the high-risk groups based on the risk factors parity, age at birth of first child, and socio-economic status were equal to or higher than that of the low risk groups. The new statistical method showed that the decrease in effectiveness with parity was not a statistically significant trend. The overdiagnosis from subsequent screening for 40 to 49 year old women was estimated at 1% [95 % CI, -6 to 8 %] (i.e., not statistically significant). Conclusion Subgroup specific effectiveness was also estimated. The relative effectiveness of screening for breast cancer with mammography for women age 40 to 49 years appears to be comparable to that for older women. These findings and the fact that there was no statistically significant overdiagnosis from subsequent screening speak for inviting women 40 to 49 years old to screening. High-risk screening for nulliparous women aged 40 to 49 years, for example, might be an alternative in countries where population-based screening for all women between 40 and 49 years old is not possible. However, the matter of risk factors and the effect of their combinations is complex and risk group screening presents ethical and practical difficulties. The new statistical model is a useful tool for analysing cohorts with exposed and non-exposed populations where non-compliance and contamination is a potential source of bias.
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Kaso, Misato. "Factors related to cervical cancer screening among women of childrearing age : a cross-sectional study of a nationally representative sample in Japan." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/244524.
Books on the topic "Cancer Age factors":
1
1932-, Macieira-Coelho Alvaro, and Nordenskjöld Bo, eds. Cancer and aging. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1990.
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Xue, Ruzhang. Zhong lao nian ren ai zheng jiang zuo: Cancer discussion for middle-old age. 8th ed. Taibei Shi: Taiwan xin sheng bao chu ban bu, 1986.
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Cancer 2000 Task Force. Expert Panel on Palliative Care. Report to Cancer 2000 Task Force. [Ontario: The Panel, 1991.
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Tanguay, Robert M. Aging, cancer and age-related diseases: Common mechanisms? Edited by International Association of Biomedical Gerontology. International Congress. Boston, MA: Published by Blackwell Pub. on behalf of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2010.
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Pukkala, Eero I. Cancer risk by social class and occupation: A survey of 109,000 cancer cases among Finns of working age. Basel: Karger, 1995.
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V, Zenser Terry, and Coe Rodney M, eds. Cancer and aging: Progress in research and treatment. New York: Springer Pub. Co., 1989.
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Anisimov, Vladimir N. Carcinogenesis and aging. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1987.
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United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Aging. Skin cancer: Older Americans at risk : hearing before the Select Committee on Aging, House of Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, second session, May 21, 1986. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.
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Gosney, Margot, and Keith Bellizzi. Cancer and aging handbook. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.
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Oktay, Julianne S. Breast cancer in the life course: Women's experiences. New York: Springer Pub. Co., 1991.
Book chapters on the topic "Cancer Age factors":
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Gatta, Gemma. "Epidemiological Aspects in Nasopharyngeal Cancer." In Critical Issues in Head and Neck Oncology, 319–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63234-2_21.
Abstract:
AbstractNasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is an uncommon cancer. According to the Global Cancer Observatory, of the 129,000 new diagnoses in 2018, 85% has been made in the Asiatic population. In males the annual age adjusted rate of incidence (per 100,000) dramatically varied between 8 in South-Eastern Asia and <1 in Europe. In Europe (period of diagnosis 1999–2007), the annual incidence rate varied between 0.7 (South of Europe) and 0.2 (North of Europe). Incidence is three time higher in men than women. Elderly are more affected than young people. Five-year survival, from European population based cancer registries was 49% (period 1999–2007), survival was better in younger than in older patients (73% vs. 31%), prognosis was more favorable in women than men (54% vs. 47%). Geographical variation of survival was reported, with poor 5-year in the Eastern European countries (36%).Incidence and population based survival are crucial for public health and planning clinical study. Lifestyle and environmental factors are responsible of the decreasing trend of incidence in quite all the world countries.Being one of the rare diseases, NPC need to be centralized for diagnosis and treatment. In Europe, the European Joint Action of Rare Cancers and the European Reference Network for rare disease will play an important role to make progress and reduce geographical disparities.
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Zarisfi, Mohammadreza, Tu Nguyen, Jessie R. Nedrow, and Anne Le. "The Heterogeneity Metabolism of Renal Cell Carcinomas." In The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism, 117–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65768-0_8.
Abstract:
AbstractAccording to data from the American Cancer Society, cancer is one of the deadliest health problems globally. Annually, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) causes more than 100,000 deaths worldwide [1–4], posing an urgent need to develop effective treatments to increase patient survival outcomes. New therapies are expected to address a major factor contributing to cancer’s resistance to standard therapies: oncogenic heterogeneity. Gene expression can vary tremendously among different types of cancers, different patients of the same tumor type, and even within individual tumors; various metabolic phenotypes can emerge, making singletherapy approaches insufficient. Novel strategies targeting the diverse metabolism of cancers aim to overcome this obstacle. Though some have yielded positive results, it remains a challenge to uncover all of the distinct metabolic profiles of RCC. In the quest to overcome this obstacle, the metabolic oriented research focusing on these cancers has offered freshly new perspectives, which are expected to contribute heavily to the development of new treatments.
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Marcus, Pamela M. "Observational Research Designs." In Assessment of Cancer Screening, 79–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94577-0_7.
Abstract:
AbstractObservational studies do not dictate the cancer screening regimens that their study subjects utilize. Instead, these studies collect data on individuals’ cancer screening practices, cancer outcomes, and other factors if needed. Because no regimens are dictated, an observational study can capture information about and evaluate a variety of cancer screening practices, including use of different tests or cancer screening regimens. Observational studies can be retrospective or prospective in nature, with the distinction dependent on how and when individuals are chosen for study inclusion. Observational studies provide weaker evidence than experimental studies because observational studies are subject to confounding. Confounding occurs when a third factor is associated with both the cancer screening practice and cause-specific mortality, meaning that the third factor is not equally present among groups of individuals with different cancer screening practices and is not equally present among groups of individuals with different cancer outcomes.
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Pedapenki, Ravi Mohan, and Ali Madan. "General Oncology Care in Bahrain." In Cancer in the Arab World, 31–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7945-2_3.
Abstract:
AbstractThe Kingdom of Bahrain is a small island nation with the highest health care and life expectancy comparable in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), has a small population, but a higher incidence rate of cancers in GCC countries. Two public (government) oncological facilities are available in Bahrain for cancer patients, mostly for Bahraini citizens. The majority of the consultants in medical and radiation oncology are expatriates and there is a need for locals to get trained in these faculties. With changing lifestyles, obesity, and the genetic factors peculiar to this ethnic population, the incidence of cancer is bound to rise over the years to come. Health-related policy decisions to join the international organizations for clinical trials will bring in more research and better cancer care, apart from increasing more facilities for palliative care. The scope of this chapter is to provide an overview of the current information about the cancer status in Bahrain, including epidemiology, statistics, and facilities of care.
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AlZaabi, Adhari. "Colorectal Cancer in the Arab World." In Cancer in the Arab World, 363–79. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7945-2_23.
Abstract:
AbstractThe recent rapid modernization of life in the Arab region has led to major changes in the lifestyle and attitude of Arab people. This has subsequently resulted in an obvious change in the disease burden profile where the Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) exert a huge burden in the region. The main factors that have been attributed to this increase in NCDs are the increased incidence of obesity, physical inactivity, stressful busy life, smoking, and dietary habits. Cancer is among the top NCDs that has increased at an alarming pace in the past ten years in the region. It is projected that there will be a 1.8-fold increase in cancer incidence by 2030 among Arabs. Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is among one of the most common cancers that showed a dramatic increase in annual incidence rate among Arabs. Despite the fact that the figures reported for colorectal cancer among Arabs is lower than that for western countries, the incidence is increasing in this region. Across the cancer continuum, CRC care in the region is up to date as it follows international guidelines from board-certified healthcare providers. The CRC screening system is not well developed and not well accepted by the society due to several religious, cultural, unfamiliarity, and distrust issues. This explains the advanced stage of CRC diagnosis in the region that subsequently leads to unfavorable outcomes. This chapter highlights the incidence of CRC and its clinicopathological parameters with molecular profile and preventive measures in the region.
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Tilaoui, Mounir, Abdelamjid Zyad, Hicham Chatoui, and Tarik Rakkaa. "Childhood Leukemia and Environmental Risk Factors." In Research Anthology on Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, 405–26. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5360-5.ch022.
Abstract:
Leukemia is a cancer that starts in blood forming cells which occurs in several forms of chronic or acute diseases. It is the most common cause of pediatric malignancy, accounting for approximately 25% of all cancers occurring before age 20. It represents 32% of all cancer cases occurring among children younger than 15 years of age, with an annual incidence rate of 43 cases per million. In the last decade of the 20th century, the occurrence of childhood leukemia has shown a rise. This disease, like most cancers, has a multifactorial etiological causal mechanism and a heterogeneous biological composition involving the interaction between different aspects originating from the environment as well as human genetics. This chapter discusses, through the current published literature, the relationship between cancer, particularly childhood leukemia, and environmental exposures to heavy metals, pesticides, and mycotoxins.
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Tilaoui, Mounir, Abdelamjid Zyad, Hicham Chatoui, and Tarik Rakkaa. "Childhood Leukemia and Environmental Risk Factors." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 193–214. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7775-1.ch010.
Abstract:
Leukemia is a cancer that starts in blood forming cells which occurs in several forms of chronic or acute diseases. It is the most common cause of pediatric malignancy, accounting for approximately 25% of all cancers occurring before age 20. It represents 32% of all cancer cases occurring among children younger than 15 years of age, with an annual incidence rate of 43 cases per million. In the last decade of the 20th century, the occurrence of childhood leukemia has shown a rise. This disease, like most cancers, has a multifactorial etiological causal mechanism and a heterogeneous biological composition involving the interaction between different aspects originating from the environment as well as human genetics. This chapter discusses, through the current published literature, the relationship between cancer, particularly childhood leukemia, and environmental exposures to heavy metals, pesticides, and mycotoxins.
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Khani Jeihooni, Ali, and Fatemeh Jafari. "Oral Cancer: Epidemiology, Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment." In Oral Cancer - Current Concepts and Future Perspectives [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99236.
Abstract:
One of the most common types of cancer is head and neck cancer. Head and neck cancers are the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the most common cancer in developing countries. Oral cancer, which is a subset of head and neck cancers, refers to any cancerous growth in the oral cavity. Risk factors for oral cancer include age, malnutrition, genetic factors, family history, X-rays, papilloma virus, alcohol, smoking, tobacco, which three last are the strongest risk factors. The destructive link between tobacco products and human cancers stems from a powerful combination of two factors - nicotine and carcinogens. The highest incidence of tobacco related oral cancer is seen in low and middle income countries. The chance of curing oral cancers increases if they are diagnosed and treated early. At least three-quarters of all oral cancers can be prevented by quitting smoking and drinking alcohol. Screening programs can be valuable in patients from high-risk groups (smokers and alcoholics) or in patients with a previous diagnosis of cancer outside the head and neck.
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Verma, Shailendra Prasad, and Pooja Mahour. "Aging and Cancer." In Handbook of Research on Geriatric Health, Treatment, and Care, 236–52. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3480-8.ch013.
Abstract:
This chapter describes aging and the resultant effects of aging. According to WHO report 8.8 million people died from cancer worldwide in 2015. The incidence of cancers increases with age. This increase incidence may be due to biological factors, prolonged exposure to carcinogens and incidence of mutations etc. Cancers in elderly may have poor biological vulnerability, presence of various co-morbidities and poor tolerance of therapy hence treatment got compromised. Elderly cancer patients also are neglected in various trials and strong data lacks for optimal management. Other important aspect is psychosocial state of these patients. Discipline of Psycho-oncology deals with patients with cancer, their lifestyle related difficulties, negligence by self, family members and society, Lack of emotional support, poor financial assistance and treatment monitoring etc. leading to various psychological problems. This chapter will address issues of cancers in elderly including disease biology, disease characteristics, management, their quality of life etc. with reference to elderly patients suffering from cancer.
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Verma, Shailendra Prasad, and Pooja Mahour. "Aging and Cancer." In Research Anthology on Supporting Healthy Aging in a Digital Society, 1100–1116. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5295-0.ch060.
Abstract:
This chapter describes aging and the resultant effects of aging. According to WHO report 8.8 million people died from cancer worldwide in 2015. The incidence of cancers increases with age. This increase incidence may be due to biological factors, prolonged exposure to carcinogens and incidence of mutations etc. Cancers in elderly may have poor biological vulnerability, presence of various co-morbidities and poor tolerance of therapy hence treatment got compromised. Elderly cancer patients also are neglected in various trials and strong data lacks for optimal management. Other important aspect is psychosocial state of these patients. Discipline of Psycho-oncology deals with patients with cancer, their lifestyle related difficulties, negligence by self, family members and society, Lack of emotional support, poor financial assistance and treatment monitoring etc. leading to various psychological problems. This chapter will address issues of cancers in elderly including disease biology, disease characteristics, management, their quality of life etc. with reference to elderly patients suffering from cancer.
Conference papers on the topic "Cancer Age factors":
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Putri, Silvia Rizki Syah, and Widayati, Moneca Diah L. "Factors Associated with Early Detection Behavior on Breast Cancer among Women in Reproductive Age using SADANIS Method." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.01.
Abstract:
Background: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In 2012, cancer was the cause of death for around 8.2 million people. Early detection of breast cancer with SADANIS method in Central Java is still low, namely 0.30% women in reproductive age. The SADANIS method is one of the government’s efforts to reduce the incidence of breast cancer. To determine the factors associated with the behavior of women on reproductive age in early detection of breast cancer using the SADANIS method in Jatirejo Village, Central Java. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at Suruh Community Health Center, Jatirejo Village, Central Java. The population in this study were 604 women of reproductive age aged 20-45 years in Jatirejo Village. A total of 86 women were enrolled in this study. The dependent variable was SADANIS method. The independent variables were education, occupation, husband’s supports, and attitude. The data were collected and then analyzed using Chi-square test. Results: There was a relationship between husband’s support (OR= 4.58; p=0.015) and attitude (OR= 11.96; p<0.001) with behavior in doing SADANIS among women in reproductive age and they were statistically significant. There was no relationship between education and occupation on the breast cancer early detection using SADANIS method. Conclusion: The better the attitude, the better the behavior of women in reproductive age in early detection of breast cancer with SADANIS method in Jatirejo Village, Semarang Regency. Keywords: women in reproductive age, SADANIS, early detection, breast cancer Correspondence: Silvia Rizki Syah Putri. ‘Aisyah University Yogyakarta. Jl. Siliwangi (West Ringroad) No.63 Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Email: fikes@unisayogya.ac.id Mobile: (0274) 374427 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.01
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Souza, Letícia Passos, Sabrina Santos Alves, and Ícaro García Viana. "BRAZILIAN OUTLOOK OF BREAST CANCER MORTALITY IN VALIDITY OF MAMMOGRAPHIC SCREENING - A TIME REVIEW." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1044.
Abstract:
Introduction: Breast Cancer is the cancer with the highest incidence among the female population at national and worldwide levels, except for non-melanoma skin cancer. It is also the main cause of cancer deaths in women, representing an important public health problem. This scenario justifies the implementation of strategies that aim to reduce mortality and morbidity rates in its target population. Based on this demand, the document “Breast Cancer Control - Consensus Document” was prepared in 2004 by the Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA) and the Brazilian Department of Health, with an improvement in 2015 through the “Guidelines for Early Detection of Breast Cancer in Brazil”. Objectives: The objective of the present work is to evaluate the outlook of breast cancer mortality in women in Brazil between the years 2009 and 2018, considering the mammographic screening implementation. Methods: A retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study was carried out using the last ten years of Brazilian data available on INCA’s Online Mortality Atlas (from 2009 to 2018). In addition, documents released by INCA and the Department of Health that contemplate breast cancer issues in women and mammographic screening were selected, as they reflect the reality of the country. The age group primarily observed was between 50 and 69 years, which correspond to that indicated for mammographic screening in the current legislation. Results: Deaths due to breast cancer rose from 11,968 to 17,572 between 2009 and 2018, which represents an increase of 46.82%, as shown in Table 1. Considering the same time frame, the values in percentage show an increase of 0.48% when compared to the total number of deaths (from 2.54% to 3.02% - as shown in Table 2). The mortality rate by age group increased: from 32.54 to 35.63 for the group aged 50 to 59 and from 41.78 to 53.63 for the group aged 60 to 69 years. The data show the persistent increase in the mortality rate due to the disease, despite the implementation of mammographic screening. The significant reduction in mortality predicted in the literature for the age group 50 to 69 years depends on factors such as high coverage and quality of screening, in addition to adequate treatment. Globalization and industrialization increased exposure to risk factors. The increase in life expectancy is expected to interfere with incidence and prevalence. Conclusions: Conditions mentioned above may justify the increase in mortality. Therefore, the relevance of screening in cancer’s pre-clinical identification still justifies its indication and implantation.
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Assis, Amilcar Alves, Mauro Passos, Rodrigo Kouzak, Karoline Evangelista, and Natasha Caldas. "BREAST CANCER IN YOUNG PATIENTS: PROGNOSTIC AND PROFILE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL." In Abstracts from the Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium - BBCS 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s2093.
Abstract:
Breast cancer is the second most prevalent and first in mortality in Brazilian women. Its incidence has increased in recent years in all age groups. According to the Instituto Nacional do Câncer in 2019, 59,700 new cases of breast cancer are expected, with an estimated risk of 56.33 cases per 100 women. The diagnosis of breast cancer is more frequent in women after 50 years of age; it is estimated that only 25% of all cases occur in women below the age of 50 years; however, there was a literature consensus that tumors in this young age group have a worse prognosis, both because they are biologically more aggressive and because of affect women outside the screening age group in Brazil; thus, the rate of locally advanced disease at diagnosis in this age group is considerably higher. It is suggested that early onset breast cancer is related to different etiological factors, histopathological aspects, and clinical outcomes, as compared to postmenopausal breast cancer. Thus, age becomes an important prognostic factor. Since breast cancer is a curable pathology, the type of therapeutic approach also varies, with proposed treatment tends to be more aggressive. With the advent and increasing availability of genetic tests, predisposition of breast cancer has increased the number of indications for prophylactic mastectomies, especially in younger age groups or notably in patients with known pathological mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. However, the literature is still controversial regarding its impact on overall survival. Breast cancer diagnosed before the age of 50 years is a behavioral disease, with prognosis and approach very different from that diagnosed in postmenopausal women. Therefore, it is important to know the profile of these patients to provide optimal treatment and achieve the best outcomes.
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Tikhonova, G. I., and M. S. Bryleva. "FACTORS INFLUENCING THE MORTALITY OF THE MALE POPULATION RESIDING IN THE ACTIVITY AREA OF COPER-NICKEL ENTERPRISE." In The 16th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2021). FSBSI “IRIOH”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-2-1-2021-1-510-515.
Abstract:
Abstract. Introduction. The city-forming enterprise are the main work-givers and the source of socio-economic well-being of monotowns. However, its activities may have a negative impact on the health of workers and citizens. The goal is a differentiated assessment of production activities of a copper-nickel enterprise and its socio-economic policy consequences on mortality of population in monotowns. Methods. Using mortality rates for 5-year age groups averaged for the period 2010-2017 was compared male population of Monchegorsk to Norilsk both are Arctic monotowns placed copper-nickel enterprises, and to Russia. To assess the consequences of copper-nickel enterprise production activities Monchegorsk male population was compared to Russia To assess the effect socio-economic development, Norilsk male population was compared to Monchegorsk. Results. In Monchegorsk working age mortality rate was compared to Russia for circulatory diseases 416.3 and 269.8 per 100,000; for MN 143.5 and 102.5. Also higher for post-working age for circulatory diseases 3962.4 and 3305.8; for MN 1283.8 and 1106.4. In Norilsk circulatory mortality were lower in all age groups compared to Monchegorsk and Russia (215.3 per 100,000 in working age and 2377.2 in post-working age); cancer mortality was lower for working age (74.3 per 100,000) and higher for post-working age (1185.3 per 100,000). Conclusions. Carcinogenic copper-nickel enterprise production activity is the cause of increased MN and circulatory mortality of the male population, which indicates the need to improve occupational and environmental conditions The socio-economic activity of city-forming enterprise in Norilsk, aimed at improving the standard of living and quality of medical care, had reduce the circulatory mortality throughout life and cancer mortality in working age. In older ages, the death risk for MN kept high, suggestive of the priority of measures reducing carcinogenic risk, and enhanced medical and social care for older age groups.
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Bhatia, Shruti, and S. K. Das. "Study of factors to predict recurrence in early stage endometrial cancer." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685333.
Abstract:
Introduction: Risk stratification of patients with early endometrial cancer for recurrence is inadequate. Objectives: To study factors that influence recurrence in uterus-confined, early stage endometrial cancer (UCD). Patients and Methods: We studied 140 consecutive patients with endometrial cancer, operated at Action Cancer Hospital, Delhi, from August 2010 to September 2015. All patients underwent staging laparotomy, TAH + BSO + BLPND + para-aortic LN sampling, and omental biopsy. Adjuvant treatment was given as per the NCCN guidelines. They were followed up 3 monthly for 2 years, and 6 monthly thereafter. 121 patients (86.4%) had UCD (FIGO stages IA, IB, II). Excluding one post-operative mortality, and 4 who were lost to follow up, we included 116 patients in this study. Results: The median age of these patients was 60.5 years (range: 35-81 years), with median BMI of 31.2 kg/m2 (range=19.8-57.5). Diabetes or hypertension was present in either or both of 76 (65.5%) patients. The median pelvic LN harvest was 17 (range: 4-42). Eight (6.9%) patients had non-endometroid histology, and 5 (4.3%) patients had LVSI. Grade 1, 2, and 3 tumor was found in 74 (63.8%), 30 (25.9%), and 12 (10.3%) patients, respectively. The median follow up was 28 months (range 5-61 months), and recurrence was seen in 13 (11.2%) patients. On univariate analysis we found that age, co-morbidities (DM and HT), LVSI, and non-endometroid histology were related to recurrence. The tumor grade and adjuvant treatment did not influence recurrence rates. On multivariate analysis, presence of comorbidities and non-endometroid histology were independently related to disease recurrence (p=0.044, and 0.011, respectively). Conclusions: Disease recurrence was seen in one in ten patients with UCD, despite stage-appropriate treatment. Presence of co-morbidities and non-endometroid histology were independently related to recurrence.
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Almeida, Raissa Janine de, Carolina Terra de Moraes Luizaga, and Cristiane Murta Nascimento. "SURVIVAL AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF BREAST CANCER IN WOMEN IN THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1031.
Abstract:
Introduction: Breast cancer is the first most common malignancy in the female population worldwide. Monitoring the survival of women with breast cancer has been a strategy frequently adopted at the international level as a measure to assess the progress of public policies for the control of the disease. Objectives: To estimate the probabilities of five and ten year survival and to investigate the prognostic factors of women with breast cancer included in the hospital-based cancer registry (RHC) of Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo (FOSP). Methods: It was a historical cohort study. The sample consisted of women with breast cancer diagnosed between 2002 and 2012 and included in the RHC-FOSP. The event of interest was breast cancer-specific mortality. Living cases at the end of follow-up (December 31, 2017), loss to follow-up, and death other than that due to breast cancer were considered censored on the date of the last contact or date of death. Descriptive analysis and survival analysis were performed using the Kaplan-Meyer method. Survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. Hazard ratios (HR) and their 95%CI were estimated using Cox’s proportional hazards model. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Brazil. Results: Between 2002 and 2012, 53,146 cases of invasive breast cancer were registered at RHC-FOSP. The median age of women at diagnosis was 55.9 years. By the end of the follow-up, 20,683 patients died and 71.4% of such deaths were due to breast cancer. The five and ten year breast cancer-specific survival for the entire cohort was 76.1% (95%CI 75.7–76.5) and 64.8% (95%CI 64.2–65.3), respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the factors associated with prognosis were: age at diagnosis, year of diagnosis, educational level, grouped clinical stage, and histological type. Conclusions: Specific survival for breast cancer in the state of São Paulo is significantly associated with several characteristics. The knowledge of these characteristics can contribute to the development of public policies in the area.
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Almeida, Raissa Janine de, Arthur Felipe Decker, Carolina Terra de Moraes Luizaga, and Cristiane Murta Nascimento. "BREAST CANCER IN WOMEN: CHARACTERIZATION OF CASES INCLUDED IN THE HOSPITAL-BASED CANCER REGISTRY OF THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ADVANCED STAGES." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1030.
Abstract:
Introduction: Breast cancer is a public health problem worldwide, being the most common malignancy in the female population. It is a potentially curable disease with an early diagnosis. The advanced stage at the time of diagnosis is associated with increased morbidity and low survival for the patients. Objectives: To describe the sociodemographic, clinical, and anatomopathological characteristics of breast cancer cases in women included in the hospital-based cancer registry (RHC) of Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo (FOSP), and to investigate factors associated with the clinical stage at diagnosis. Methods: The study design was a case series. The sample consisted of women with breast cancer diagnosed between 2000 and 2014 and included in the RHC-FOSP. The outcome variable was a clinical-stage (stage 0–II versus III–IV). The explanatory variables were age at diagnosis and educational level. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Brazil. Results: The study included 84,987 women with in situ and invasive breast cancer diagnosed between 2000 and 2014. The average age of women at diagnosis was 56.7 years (95%CI 56.6–56.8 years). Sixty-five percent of cases completed elementary school or less and the most frequent histological type was ductal carcinoma (77.2%). During the study period, there was a slight decrease in the proportion of tumors in more advanced stages, from 39.8% in 2000 to 32.6% in 2014. There was a statistically significant association between age at diagnosis and educational level with the women’s grouped clinical stage. Women of older age and those with a higher education level had reduced odds ratios of having tumors in more advanced stages at the time of diagnosis. Conclusions: These findings may contribute to the development of policies for the identification of breast tumors at earlier stages.
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Kurniasari, Lia, Aji Mohammad Irfannur, Ayu Mardiana, Elvi Natalia, Erlinda Rara Sulviana, and Nur Ainun Jariah. "Predisposing and Reinforcing Factors in Patients with Breast Cancer in Samarinda, East Kalimantan." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.32.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Background: Breast Cancer can be disturbed for health and psychologically. Breast cancer has reached the second deadly disease. Causative factors include age, marital status, use of hormonal contraception, history of breastfeeding, family history, family support, self-acceptance, stress levels and knowledge of breast self-exam. This study aimed to investigate the factors predisposing and reinforcing the incidence of breast cancer in Samarinda, East Kalimantan. Subject and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Samarinda, East Kalimantan. A total of 216 samples by using accidental sampling were selected for this study. The dependent variable was incidence of breast cancer. The independent variables were education, marital status, use of hormonal contraception, history of breastfeeding, family history, family support, self-acceptance, stress levels and knowledge of breast self-exam. The data were collected by questionnaire via google form. Data analysis used Chi Square test. Results: The significant risk factors of breast cancer were education, marital status, hormonal contraception, history of breastfeeding, stress conditions, and self-acceptance. family history and family support, and breast self-exam knowledge were insignificantly associate with the risk of breast cancer. Conclusion: The significant risk factors of breast cancer are education, marital status, hormonal contraception, history of breastfeeding, stress conditions, and self-acceptance. Family history and family support, and breast self-exam knowledge are insignificantly associate with the risk of breast cancer. Keywords: Breast cancer, predisposing, reinforcing. Correspondence: Lia Kurniasari. Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Health and Pharmacy, Muhammadiyah University of East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Email: liakesmas@umkt.ac.id. Mobile: +6285231669773. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.32
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Armini, Ni Ketut Alit, Rista Fauziningtyas, and Anneke Widi Prastiwi. "Correlation of Interpersonal Factors, Situational with Cervical Cancer Prevention in Woman of Childbearing Age." In The 9th International Nursing Conference: Nurses at The Forefront Transforming Care, Science and Research. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008320200440050.
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Jean, Rosenie Thelus, Anna V. Wilkinson, Michele Forman, and Margaret R. Spitz. "Abstract B136: Early age at menarche in Mexican American girls: Psychosocial risk factors." In Abstracts: AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research‐‐ Dec 6–9, 2009; Houston, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.prev-09-b136.
Reports on the topic "Cancer Age factors":
1
Tangka, Florence K. L., Sujha Subramanian, Madeleine Jones, Patrick Edwards, Sonja Hoover, Tim Flanigan, Jenya Kaganova, et al. Young Breast Cancer Survivors: Employment Experience and Financial Well-Being. RTI Press, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.rr.0041.2007.
Abstract:
The economic burden of breast cancer for women under 50 in the United States remains largely unexplored, in part because young women make up a small proportion of breast cancer cases overall. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a web-based survey to compare data from breast cancer survivors 18–39 years of age at first diagnosis and 40–49 years of age at first diagnosis. We administered a survey to a national convenience sample of 416 women who were 18–49 years of age at the time of their breast cancer diagnosis. We analyzed factors associated with financial decline using multivariate regression. Survivors 18–39 years of age at first diagnosis were more likely to report Stage II–IV breast cancer (P<0.01). They also quit their jobs more often (14.6%) than older survivors (4.4%; P<0.01) and faced more job performance issues (55.7% and 42.8%, respectively; P=0.02). For respondents in both groups, financial decline was more likely if the survivor had at least one comorbid condition (odds ratios: 2.36–3.21) or was diagnosed at Stage II–IV breast cancer (odds ratios: 2.04–3.51).
2
Rankin, Nicole, Deborah McGregor, Candice Donnelly, Bethany Van Dort, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Anne Cust, and Emily Stone. Lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography for high risk populations: Investigating effectiveness and screening program implementation considerations: An Evidence Check rapid review brokered by the Sax Institute (www.saxinstitute.org.au) for the Cancer Institute NSW. The Sax Institute, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/clzt5093.
Abstract:
Background Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer death worldwide.(1) It is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia (12,741 cases diagnosed in 2018) and the leading cause of cancer death.(2) The number of years of potential life lost to lung cancer in Australia is estimated to be 58,450, similar to that of colorectal and breast cancer combined.(3) While tobacco control strategies are most effective for disease prevention in the general population, early detection via low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening in high-risk populations is a viable option for detecting asymptomatic disease in current (13%) and former (24%) Australian smokers.(4) The purpose of this Evidence Check review is to identify and analyse existing and emerging evidence for LDCT lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals to guide future program and policy planning. Evidence Check questions This review aimed to address the following questions: 1. What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 2. What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? 3. What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? 4. What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Summary of methods The authors searched the peer-reviewed literature across three databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase) for existing systematic reviews and original studies published between 1 January 2009 and 8 August 2019. Fifteen systematic reviews (of which 8 were contemporary) and 64 original publications met the inclusion criteria set across the four questions. Key findings Question 1: What is the evidence for the effectiveness of lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? There is sufficient evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of combined (pooled) data from screening trials (of high-risk individuals) to indicate that LDCT examination is clinically effective in reducing lung cancer mortality. In 2011, the landmark National Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NLST, a large-scale randomised controlled trial [RCT] conducted in the US) reported a 20% (95% CI 6.8% – 26.7%; P=0.004) relative reduction in mortality among long-term heavy smokers over three rounds of annual screening. High-risk eligibility criteria was defined as people aged 55–74 years with a smoking history of ≥30 pack-years (years in which a smoker has consumed 20-plus cigarettes each day) and, for former smokers, ≥30 pack-years and have quit within the past 15 years.(5) All-cause mortality was reduced by 6.7% (95% CI, 1.2% – 13.6%; P=0.02). Initial data from the second landmark RCT, the NEderlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings ONderzoek (known as the NELSON trial), have found an even greater reduction of 26% (95% CI, 9% – 41%) in lung cancer mortality, with full trial results yet to be published.(6, 7) Pooled analyses, including several smaller-scale European LDCT screening trials insufficiently powered in their own right, collectively demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in lung cancer mortality (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73–0.91).(8) Despite the reduction in all-cause mortality found in the NLST, pooled analyses of seven trials found no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90–1.00).(8) However, cancer-specific mortality is currently the most relevant outcome in cancer screening trials. These seven trials demonstrated a significantly greater proportion of early stage cancers in LDCT groups compared with controls (RR 2.08, 95% CI 1.43–3.03). Thus, when considering results across mortality outcomes and early stage cancers diagnosed, LDCT screening is considered to be clinically effective. Question 2: What is the evidence of potential harms from lung cancer screening for higher-risk individuals? The harms of LDCT lung cancer screening include false positive tests and the consequences of unnecessary invasive follow-up procedures for conditions that are eventually diagnosed as benign. While LDCT screening leads to an increased frequency of invasive procedures, it does not result in greater mortality soon after an invasive procedure (in trial settings when compared with the control arm).(8) Overdiagnosis, exposure to radiation, psychological distress and an impact on quality of life are other known harms. Systematic review evidence indicates the benefits of LDCT screening are likely to outweigh the harms. The potential harms are likely to be reduced as refinements are made to LDCT screening protocols through: i) the application of risk predication models (e.g. the PLCOm2012), which enable a more accurate selection of the high-risk population through the use of specific criteria (beyond age and smoking history); ii) the use of nodule management algorithms (e.g. Lung-RADS, PanCan), which assist in the diagnostic evaluation of screen-detected nodules and cancers (e.g. more precise volumetric assessment of nodules); and, iii) more judicious selection of patients for invasive procedures. Recent evidence suggests a positive LDCT result may transiently increase psychological distress but does not have long-term adverse effects on psychological distress or health-related quality of life (HRQoL). With regards to smoking cessation, there is no evidence to suggest screening participation invokes a false sense of assurance in smokers, nor a reduction in motivation to quit. The NELSON and Danish trials found no difference in smoking cessation rates between LDCT screening and control groups. Higher net cessation rates, compared with general population, suggest those who participate in screening trials may already be motivated to quit. Question 3: What are the main components of recent major lung cancer screening programs or trials? There are no systematic reviews that capture the main components of recent major lung cancer screening trials and programs. We extracted evidence from original studies and clinical guidance documents and organised this into key groups to form a concise set of components for potential implementation of a national lung cancer screening program in Australia: 1. Identifying the high-risk population: recruitment, eligibility, selection and referral 2. Educating the public, people at high risk and healthcare providers; this includes creating awareness of lung cancer, the benefits and harms of LDCT screening, and shared decision-making 3. Components necessary for health services to deliver a screening program: a. Planning phase: e.g. human resources to coordinate the program, electronic data systems that integrate medical records information and link to an established national registry b. Implementation phase: e.g. human and technological resources required to conduct LDCT examinations, interpretation of reports and communication of results to participants c. Monitoring and evaluation phase: e.g. monitoring outcomes across patients, radiological reporting, compliance with established standards and a quality assurance program 4. Data reporting and research, e.g. audit and feedback to multidisciplinary teams, reporting outcomes to enhance international research into LDCT screening 5. Incorporation of smoking cessation interventions, e.g. specific programs designed for LDCT screening or referral to existing community or hospital-based services that deliver cessation interventions. Most original studies are single-institution evaluations that contain descriptive data about the processes required to establish and implement a high-risk population-based screening program. Across all studies there is a consistent message as to the challenges and complexities of establishing LDCT screening programs to attract people at high risk who will receive the greatest benefits from participation. With regards to smoking cessation, evidence from one systematic review indicates the optimal strategy for incorporating smoking cessation interventions into a LDCT screening program is unclear. There is widespread agreement that LDCT screening attendance presents a ‘teachable moment’ for cessation advice, especially among those people who receive a positive scan result. Smoking cessation is an area of significant research investment; for instance, eight US-based clinical trials are now underway that aim to address how best to design and deliver cessation programs within large-scale LDCT screening programs.(9) Question 4: What is the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening programs (include studies of cost–utility)? Assessing the value or cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening involves a complex interplay of factors including data on effectiveness and costs, and institutional context. A key input is data about the effectiveness of potential and current screening programs with respect to case detection, and the likely outcomes of treating those cases sooner (in the presence of LDCT screening) as opposed to later (in the absence of LDCT screening). Evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening programs has been summarised in two systematic reviews. We identified a further 13 studies—five modelling studies, one discrete choice experiment and seven articles—that used a variety of methods to assess cost-effectiveness. Three modelling studies indicated LDCT screening was cost-effective in the settings of the US and Europe. Two studies—one from Australia and one from New Zealand—reported LDCT screening would not be cost-effective using NLST-like protocols. We anticipate that, following the full publication of the NELSON trial, cost-effectiveness studies will likely be updated with new data that reduce uncertainty about factors that influence modelling outcomes, including the findings of indeterminate nodules. Gaps in the evidence There is a large and accessible body of evidence as to the effectiveness (Q1) and harms (Q2) of LDCT screening for lung cancer. Nevertheless, there are significant gaps in the evidence about the program components that are required to implement an effective LDCT screening program (Q3). Questions about LDCT screening acceptability and feasibility were not explicitly included in the scope. However, as the evidence is based primarily on US programs and UK pilot studies, the relevance to the local setting requires careful consideration. The Queensland Lung Cancer Screening Study provides feasibility data about clinical aspects of LDCT screening but little about program design. The International Lung Screening Trial is still in the recruitment phase and findings are not yet available for inclusion in this Evidence Check. The Australian Population Based Screening Framework was developed to “inform decision-makers on the key issues to be considered when assessing potential screening programs in Australia”.(10) As the Framework is specific to population-based, rather than high-risk, screening programs, there is a lack of clarity about transferability of criteria. However, the Framework criteria do stipulate that a screening program must be acceptable to “important subgroups such as target participants who are from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, people from disadvantaged groups and people with a disability”.(10) An extensive search of the literature highlighted that there is very little information about the acceptability of LDCT screening to these population groups in Australia. Yet they are part of the high-risk population.(10) There are also considerable gaps in the evidence about the cost-effectiveness of LDCT screening in different settings, including Australia. The evidence base in this area is rapidly evolving and is likely to include new data from the NELSON trial and incorporate data about the costs of targeted- and immuno-therapies as these treatments become more widely available in Australia.
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Dahm, Philipp, Michelle Brasure, Elizabeth Ester, Eric J. Linskens, Roderick MacDonald, Victoria A. Nelson, Charles Ryan, et al. Therapies for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer230.
Abstract:
Objective. To update findings from previous Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)- and American Urological Association (AUA) funded reviews evaluating therapies for clinically localized prostate cancer (CLPC). Sources. Bibliographic databases (2013–January 2020); ClinicalTrials.gov; systematic reviews Methods. Controlled studies of CLPC treatments with duration ≥5 years for mortality and metastases and ≥1 year for quality of life and harms. One investigator rated risk of bias (RoB), extracted data, and assessed certainty of evidence; a second checked accuracy. We analyzed English-language studies with low or medium RoB. We incorporated findings from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) identified in the prior reviews if new RCTs provided information on the same intervention comparison. Results. We identified 67 eligible references; 17 were unique RCTs. Among clinically rather than prostate specific antigen (PSA) detected CLPC, Watchful Waiting (WW) may increase mortality and metastases versus Radical Prostatectomy (RP) at 20+ years. Urinary and erectile dysfunction were lower with WW versus RP. WW’s effect on mortality may vary by tumor risk and age but not by race, health status, comorbidities, or PSA. Active Monitoring (AM) probably results in little to no difference in mortality in PSA detected CLPC versus RP or external beam radiation (EBR) plus Androgen Deprivation (AD) regardless of tumor risk. Metastases were slightly higher with AM. Harms were greater with RP than AM and mixed between EBR plus AD versus AM. 3D-conformal EBR and AD plus low-dose-rate brachytherapy (BT) provided a small reduction in all-cause mortality versus three dimensional conformal EBR and AD but little to no difference on metastases. EBR plus AD versus EBR alone may result in a small reduction in mortality and metastases in higher risk disease but may increase sexual harms. EBR plus neoadjuvant AD versus EBR plus concurrent AD may result in little to no difference in mortality and genitourinary toxicity. Conventionally fractionated EBR versus ultrahypofractionated EBR may result in little to no difference in mortality and metastases and urinary and bowel toxicity. Active Surveillance may result in fewer harms than photodynamic therapy and laparoscopic RP may result in more harms than robotic-assisted RP. Little information exists on other treatments. No studies assessed provider or hospital factors of RP comparative effectiveness. Conclusions. RP reduces mortality versus WW in clinically detected CLPC but causes more harms. Effectiveness may be limited to younger men or to those with intermediate risk disease and requires many years to occur. AM results in little to no mortality difference versus RP or EBR plus AD. EBR plus AD reduces mortality versus EBR alone in higher risk CLPC but may worsen sexual function. Adding low-dose-rate BT to 3D-conformal EBR and AD may reduce mortality in higher risk CLPC. RCTs in PSA-detected and MRI staged CLPC are needed.
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Wang, Qiang, Anrong Wang, Zhen Li, Ernesto Sparrelid, and Torkel Brismar. Systematic review of the impact of sarcopenia on the future liver remnant growth after portal vein embolization and ALPPS. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.8.0038.
Abstract:
Review question / Objective: Does sarcopenia affect the future liver remnant growth after portal vein embolization/ligation (thus affect the subsequent hepatectomy in patients with liver cancers)? Condition being studied: Portal vein embolization (PVE) and Associating Liver Partition and Portal vein Ligation for Staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) are two commonly used procedures for hypertrophy of the remaining liver before major liver resection in patients with liver cancer. However, around 30% patients who undergo PVE cannot proceed to liver resection due to insufficient liver growth. Many factors may affect liver growth after PVE. This study evaluates the clinical variables affecting liver growth after portal vein embolization/ligation in patients with liver cancers.
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Li, Zhenqi, Guangfu Zhang, Jia Liu, and Xiaolin Li. Risk factors for gallbladder Cancer:A meta-analysis based on nearly a decade of research. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0065.
Abstract:
Review question / Objective: Gallbladder cancer is a rare tumor that is mostly advanced once detected. The efficacy of surgical treatment is still controversial. Therefore, primary prevention of gallbladder cancer is important. There are many studies on risk factors for gallbladder cancer, but at present it is difficult to identify independent risk factors for gallbladder cancer, except for a history of symptomatic chronic cholecystitis and malignant transformation of a single polyp. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is popular worldwide and can be a preventive procedure for gallbladder cancer in addition to resolving benign lesions. This study makes a meta-analysis of the latest research results exploring the risk factors of gallbladder cancer in the last decade , expecting to provide evidence-based medical support for the prevention of gallbladder cancer at the clinical level, and to provide some ideas to guide the surgical indications for LC and future research related to gallbladder cancer. Subject of study: Gallbladder cancer. Study content: Risk factors. Type of study: case-control or cohort study. Extract the value: OR, HR, RR.
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Mellenthin, Claudia, Vasile Balaban, Ana Dugic, Stephane Cullati, and Bernhard Egger. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer in patients with new onset diabetes - Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0065.
Abstract:
Review question / Objective: Which additional risk factors raise the incidence of pancreatic cancer in the population of new onset diabetics? Condition being studied: Pancreatic cancer, new onset diabetes. Eligibility criteria: Inclusion criteria are:• English abstract available• The population of newly onset diabetics is examined, at least as a subgroup. Newly diagnosed is defined as onset of maximal 3 years ago.• Information on other risk factors of patients is available in the study.
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Kengsakul, Malika, Gatske Nieuwenhuyzen – de Boer, and Heleen van Beekhuizen. Radiological factors associated with residual disease after cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian cancer. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0059.
Abstract:
Review question / Objective: Which radiological factors associated with incomplete cytoreduction (gross residual disease) after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) for advanced ovarian cancer? Condition being studied: Findings of CT scan and discussion in the multidisciplinary tumor board meeting (MDO) are crucial to determine the therapeutic strategy for individual ovarian cancer patients. Preferably, patients undergo primary cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. However, when complete cytoreduction is not considered feasible, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy is indicated. In patients with advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), maximal cytoreduction to no gross residual tumor (complete cytoreduction) is known to associated with the best overall survival.
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Lin, Cian-Cian, and Yu-Ning Her. Demoralization in cancer survivors － An updated systematic review and meta-analysis for quantitative studies. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0048.
Abstract:
Review question / Objective: The mean demoralization level among cancer survivors. Rationale: Demoralization often results in functional impairments across all stages of cancer patients. Cancer patients are not only vulnerable during hospice but also vulnerable during their survivorship. The purpose of this review is to examine the risk of demoralization and associated risk factors among cancer survivors. Condition being studied: Demoralization in cancer survivors.
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Zhao, Hao, Chunhao Liu, Yanlong Li, and Xiaoyi Li. Prognostic factors for survival in differentiated thyroid cancer with pulmonary metastases: a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0026.
Abstract:
Pulmonary metastasis (PM) is the most common form of distance metastasis in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), which has a poor prognosis. However, the prognostic risk factors are not yet well identified and analyzed. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to fill this blank though identifying and discussing survival prognostic risk factors systematically for DTC patients with PM. Pulmonary metastasis (PM) is the most common form of distance metastasis in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), which has a poor prognosis. However, the prognostic risk factors are not yet well identified and analyzed. This systematic review and metastases aims to fill this blank though identifying and discussing survival prognostic risk factors systematically of DTC patients with PM. Condition being studied: differentiated thyroid cancer with pulmonary metastases.
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ZHAO, JIE, LIANHUA YE, WEI WANG, YANTAO YANG, ZHENGHAI SHEN, and SUNYIN RAO. Surgical Prognostic Factors of Second Primary Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0047.
Abstract:
Review question / Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the effects of different surgical strategies and potential prognostic factors on the prognosis of patients with SPLC through a systematic review and meta-analysis.Prognostic factors included surgical approach, type of SPLC(Synchronous and metachronous),histology,disease-free interval (DFI),tumor size,CT morphology, lymph node metastasis status, smoking status, gender. Condition being studied: With the development of imaging technology and better survival after primary lung cancer, the detection rate of second primary lung cancer (SPLC) has been increasing. At present, the staging and treatment of the second primary lung cancer are still controversial. Although surgery is widely accepted as the main treatment method, there is no unified diagnostic criteria and diagnosis and treatment strategy. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of different surgical strategies and potential prognostic factors on the prognosis of patients with SPLC through a systematic review and meta-analysis.