Academic literature on the topic 'CALVARIUM'

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Journal articles on the topic "CALVARIUM"

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Anavi, Yakir, Gal Avishai, Shlomo Calderon, and Dror M. Allon. "Bone Remodeling in Onlay Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate and Coral Grafts to Rat Calvaria: Microcomputerized Tomography Analysis." Journal of Oral Implantology 37, no. 4 (August 1, 2011): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-09-00128.1.

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Abstract This study was conducted to establish the efficiency of microcomputerized tomography (micro-CT) in detection of trabecular bone remodeling of onlay grafts in a rodent calvaria model, and to compare bone remodeling after onlay grafts with beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) or coral calcium carbonate. Ten rats received calvarial onlay blocks—5 with TCP and 5 with coral calcium carbonate. The grafts were fixed with a titanium miniplate screw and were covered with a collagen resorbable membrane. Three months after surgery, the calvaria were segmented, and a serial 3-dimensional micro-CT scan of the calvarium and grafted bone block at 16-micrometer resolution was performed. Image analysis software was used to calculate the percentage of newly formed bone from the total block size. Newly formed bone was present adjacent to the calvarium and screw in all specimens. The mean area of newly formed bone of the total block size ranged from 34.67%–38.34% in the TCP blocks, and from 32.41%–34.72% in the coral blocks. In the TCP blocks, bone remodeling was found to be slightly higher than in the coral blocks. Micro-CT appears to be a precise, reproducible, specimen-nondestructive method of analysis of bone formation in onlay block grafts to rat calvaria.
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Ravi, N., Wang Xiao Yi, Li Yu, Huang Jian Ping, and D. Hao. "Primary extradural meningioma arising from the calvarium." South African Journal of Radiology 17, no. 2 (June 11, 2013): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v17i2.249.

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Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumours. Meningiomas arising at other locations are termed primary extradural meningiomas (EDM) and are rare. Here we report a case of EDM arising from the calvarium – a primary calvarial meningioma (PCM).
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Gomez, Rodney. "Calvarium." Pleiades: Literature in Context 37, no. 1 (2017): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/plc.2017.0001.

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Dussaux, Alice, Eymeric Gomes, Murielle Hurion, Elise Rattez, and Vincent Mayousse. "Cerebral meningioma associated with extensive calvarium osteolysis and presumed intratumoral carcinoma metastasis in a cat." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports 8, no. 2 (July 2022): 205511692211228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20551169221122849.

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Case summary A 10-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat presented with a 3-month history of weight loss, dysorexia and lethargy. Neurological examination revealed decreased mentation, absent menace response bilaterally and proprioceptive deficits affecting all four limbs; these findings were consistent with a forebrain disorder. Brain CT revealed an extensive asymmetric permeative osteolysis destroying two-thirds of the circumference of the calvarium and involving the right frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital bones, as well as the left parietal bone. This extensive bone lysis was associated with a large ‘plaque-like’ extra-axial subdural/pachymeningeal lesion extending within the soft tissues surrounding the calvarium. The cat was humanely euthanased. Post-mortem MRI was performed, which revealed a T2-weighted (T2W) hypointense subdural lesion and a T2W hyperintense circumferential extracranial lesion lining the right calvarium and left parietal bone. Histopathological analysis on a post-mortem sample of the lesion revealed a fibroblastic subtype of meningioma. Epithelial neoplastic cells were observed scattered through the meningioma, calvarium and surrounding muscular tissues, corresponding with presumed metastatic carcinoma. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, this is the first report of an intracranial meningioma associated with such an extensive and diffuse calvarial osteolysis in veterinary medicine. This is also the first description of presumed metastatic inclusions (adenocarcinoma in this case) inside an intracranial feline meningioma, which is a rare phenomenon known as tumour-to-tumour metastasis in human medicine.
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Bourekas, Eric C., and Charles F. Lanzieri. "The calvarium." Seminars in Ultrasound, CT and MRI 15, no. 6 (December 1994): 424–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0887-2171(05)80016-2.

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Baser, Brajendra, Rekha Shahani, Shalini Khanna, and D. S. Grewal. "Calvarial bone grafts for augmentation rhinoplasty." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 105, no. 12 (December 1991): 1018–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100118109.

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AbstractA large variety of graft materials have been used for augmentation rhinoplasty. To date there has been no graft material which can be regarded as completely satisfactory. The modern trend is to prefer autologous material to new biological material. The membranous bones of the calvarium are extremely suitable for augmenting moderate to severe saddle nose deformities. Calvarial bone grafts can be harvested easily, with minimum donor site morbidity and disfigurement. Our experience with calvarial bone grafts for augmentation rhinoplasty is presented.
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Cheng, Tao, Yaochao Zhao, Bin Li, Mengqi Cheng, Jiaxing Wang, and Xianlong Zhang. "Curcumin Attenuation of Wear Particle-Induced Osteolysis via RANKL Signaling Pathway Suppression in Mouse Calvarial Model." Mediators of Inflammation 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5784374.

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Wear particle-induced chronic inflammation and osteoclastogenesis are two critical factors in the osteolytic process. Curcumin (CUR) is an active compound of the medicinal herb Curcuma longa and has anti-inflammatory and antiosteoclastogenic properties. Our study tested the hypothesis that CUR might attenuate polymethylmethacrylate- (PMMA-) induced inflammatory osteolysis using mouse calvaria osteolysis model in vivo and in vitro. The mice were divided into four groups: phosphate-buffered saline group, CUR, PMMA, and PMMA + CUR groups. Three days before PMMA particle implantation, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with CUR (25 mg/kg/day). Ten days after the operation, the mouse calvaria was harvested for microcomputed tomography, histomorphometry, and molecular biology analysis. As expected, CUR markedly reduced the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, and IL-6 in the calvarial organ culture. Moreover, CUR suppressed osteoclastogenesis and decreased bone resorption in vivo compared with PMMA-stimulated calvaria. Furthermore, CUR downregulated the osteoclast-specific gene expression and reversed the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin messenger RNA and protein ratio in PMMA particle-stimulated mice. These results suggest that CUR attenuated PMMA particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis by suppressing the RANKL signaling pathway in the murine calvarium, which could be a candidate compound to prevent and treat AL.
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Suffee, Tabrez, Mohamed Derder, Julien Quilichini, Edouard Dezamis, and Laurent Lantieri. "Calvarial metastasis of renal cell carcinoma." BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 8, no. 4 (January 31, 2017): 436–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2016-001216.

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The calvarium is an extremely unusual site of metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. We report a 62-year-old man who was enrolled for palliative medical management for an exophytic calvarial metastasis. His quality of life was greatly compromised with everyday local care and bandages due to recurrent events of infection and bleeding, limiting his social life. Surgical palliative surgery was carried out to improve the patient's quality of life. After tumour resection, the resultant defects of the calvarium and the scalp were covered by a muscular latissimus dorsi free flap and a fascia lata graft as dural substitute. There was no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis during the 3 years follow-up. Consequently, resection of solitary metastasis in the early stage is the treatment of choice with a chance to cure the metastasis and avoid associated morbidity that may occur if the lesion is left untreated.
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Alli, Adam, Philip Johnson, and Alan Reeves. "Imaging Characteristics of Occipital Bone Osteoblastoma." Case Reports in Radiology 2013 (2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/930623.

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Osteoblastoma is a rare benign tumor of the calvarium. We present the case of a 20-year-old female with occipital osteoblastoma and discussion of imaging modalities of calvarial osteoblastoma. To our knowledge, this is the ninth reported case of occipital osteoblastoma. Imaging characterization of osteoblastoma may vary. Plain radiograph, CT, MRI, and CT angiography establish osteoblastoma characterization and vascular supply prior to surgical resection.
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Woods, Glynn, Nicolas Israeliantz Gunz, Ian Handel, Tiziana Liuti, Richard J. Mellanby, and Tobias Schwarz. "Computed Tomography Osteodensitometry for Assessment of Bone Mineral Density of the Canine Head—Preliminary Results." Animals 11, no. 5 (May 14, 2021): 1413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11051413.

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Despite bone mineral density (BMD) being regularly measured in human patients, BMD studies in clinical cohorts of dogs is lacking. In order to facilitate BMD assessment and in turn better identify dogs suffering from metabolic bone disease, rapid, easy and precise computed tomography (qCT) techniques are required. In this study we aimed to assess the utility of quantitative computed tomography (qCT) bone mineral density (BMD) measurement of the canine calvarium using a semiautomated osteodensitometry software and define host factors associated with canine bone mineral density in a skeletally healthy population. Calvarial qCT at the level of the temporomandibular joints was performed on 323 dogs using a dedicated osteodensitometry calibration phantom during a clinically indicated head computed tomography (CT). Calvarial BMD was analyzed using a dedicated semiautomatic osteodensitometry software for contouring of the calvarial lamellar bone margins and BMD calculation. The mean duration of the calvarial qCT scanning was 64.6 s, and the mean duration of BMD analysis was 34 s, with a mean of two manual adjustments required for the bone margin tracing. The median BMD of all dogs in our study was 659 mg Calcium hydroxyapatite/mL. There was a negative linear correlation between BMD and body weight, but no correlation with age, sex or neutered status. Canine BMD assessment using qCT of the calvarium is a practical and fast technique that can be added to a clinical CT examination with minimal extra time requirements. Canine BMD host-dependent factors exhibit different relationships from that of humans; however, further investigation is warranted.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CALVARIUM"

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Mauro, Frank Armand. "Assessment of biodegradable calcium polyphosphate for bone substitute applications in the healing of the rat calvarium." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0004/MQ45973.pdf.

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Peltoniemi, Hilkka. "Biocompatibility and fixation properties of absorbable miniplates and screws in growing calvarium : an experimental study in sheep." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2000. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kliin/vk/peltoniemi/.

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Jackson, Michael T. 1969. "Assessment of the closure of critical sized defects in the rabbit calvarium utilizing demineralized bone matrix putty as an allogenic graft material." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78389.

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Closure of bone defects that do not heal spontaneously require some form of bone inducing agent in order to ensure complete repair. Autogenous bone is the clinical gold standard for the management of these types of defects. Present research is aimed at finding acceptable alternatives to harvesting autogenous bone grafts in patients for obvious reasons. Recent literature supports that demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is osteoinductive, although this is not the case for all commercially available forms of DBM.
An in vivo study was conducted which attempted to evaluate the healing of critical sized defects in New Zealand white rabbit calvarium using various grafting materials. By combining demineralized bone matrix and a poloxamer gel carrier, a putty-like material that is surgically convenient can be delivered to these defects and allowed to heal.
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Laure, Boris. "Résistance du crâne après prélèvement calvarial monocortical." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR3143/document.

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Le prélèvement crânien monocortical pourrait affaiblir la zone prélevée et exposer à des complications. Nous avons conçu un mouton pendule de Charpy validé sur 12 têtes de cadavres humains. L’énergie du choc était augmentée jusqu’à fracture de la zone pariétale. Pour mesurer l’épaisseur avec un système de navigation optoélectronique, nous avons comparé cinq méthodes non destructives.Dans la deuxième partie, la quantification de la perte de résistance était réalisée sur 30 têtes humaines en comparant le choc maximal supportable avant fracture du côté prélevé avec le côté non prélevé.La troisième partie de l’étude a été menée sur 34 têtes de cadavres de brebis. La perte de résistance de la zone prélevée était de 36% (p=1.10-10) avec une diminution d’épaisseur de 40%. La corrélation entre les deux paramètres était modérée (R=0.46) mais significative (p<0,0001). Chez la brebis, la diminution de résistance du côté prélevé était de 49% (p=6.10-10).Ces données nous permettrons de réaliser une étude animale, pour évaluer la résistance de la zone prélevée reconstruite par un ciment d’hydroxyapatite
The monocortical parietal bone graft could decrease the strength of the donor site. Complication could occur. We performed a Charpy impact machine and validated it on 12 human cadaver heads. The chock energy was increased until the fracture of the target zone. The thickness measurement was performed with an optoelectronic navigation device. We compared 5 non destructive methods. In the second part, the quantification of the resistance loss was performed on 30 human cadaver heads. The maximum impact resistance of bone on the donor side was compared with the intact side. The third part of the study was performed on 34 sheep cadaver heads. Loss of strength at the donor site was 36% (p=1.10-10) for 40% loss of thickness. Although correlation between these two parameters was rather moderate (R=0.46), it was highly significant (p<0.0001). On sheep, the loss of strength at the donor site was 49% (p=6.10-10).Bone removal results in a highly loss of strength on human and sheep. These data will permit to perform an animal study to evaluate the resistance of the harvest cranial zone rebuilt with hydroxyapatite cement
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TOMMASATO, GRAZIA. "THE REGENERATION OF EDENTULOUS ATROPHIC RIDGES: PROS, CONS, AND EFFECTIVENESS OF THREE DIFFERENT SURGICAL OPTIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/804105.

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INTRODUCTION During the three-year doctoral period, the candidate developed 3 research projects which, although different, are all related to one of the most controversial topics of advanced implant dentistry which include procedures to make it possible the use of dental implants also in case of severely atrophic edentulous ridges. During the last decade, a variety of surgical procedures have been proposed, each of them with specific indications, contraindications, advantages and disadvantages. Despite the publication of numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses focused on this fascinating topic, much controversy is still present between clinicians and researches. The aims of the PhD candidate have been to focus on three main areas related to the correction of severely atrophic edentulous ridges in order to: 1) update the present knowledge on this particular field thank to a systematic analysis of the available literature; and 2) develop three different research projects specifically dedicated to regeneration/reconstruction procedures. More in detail, one line of research was focused on the evaluation of medium to long-term results of dental implants placed in severely atrophic jaws reconstructed with autogenous calvarial bone blocks covered with bovine bone mineral and collagen membranes. Seventy-two patients and 330 implants were involved in this retrospective study with a mean follow-up after implant loading of 8 years, ranging from 3 to 19 years. The second project, similar in structure to the previous one, was designed to evaluate retrospectively the medium and long-term results (with a mean follow-up of 10 years) of implants placed in atrophic edentulous ridges grafted with autogenous mandibular blocks covered with bovine bone mineral and collagen membranes. Seventy-five patients, 82 sites, and 182 implants were involved in this study. The third line of research allowed the candidate to design a prospective study which involved edentulous and atrophic patients treated with guided bone regeneration using CAD-CAM customized titanium meshes. The effectiveness of digitally customized titanium meshes in association with autologous bone particles and bovine bone mineral for the regeneration of atrophic edentulous sites, and the survival rate of implants placed in the reconstructed areas were evaluated. A histomorphometric analysis of mandibular regenerated bone were also performed. Forty-one patients, 53 sites, and 106 implants were involved in this study and the follow-up of implants before and after loading ranged from 2 to 23 months (mean: 11 months), and from 1 to 15 months (mean: 6 months), respectively. This latter research is of particular interest, as the literature supporting this particular technique is scarce, and available data are difficult to be compared, because they have been collected in a non- systematic way and mainly retrospectively. In all these studies, a dedicated questionnaire, adapted from the OHIP-14 survey, was performed to evaluate patients’ satisfaction (patient reported outcome measurements – PROMs) as regards the treatment received. It was therefore possible to elaborate a discussion of the results on two different levels: the first associated to the specific regenerative / reconstructive technique; the second allowed a comparison among the different treatment solutions. AIMS The aim of the first and second project, two retrospective longitudinal cohort studies, is to present the medium to long-term outcome of bone reconstructions with calvarium or mandibular grafts , respectively by evaluating: a) complication rate of the reconstructive procedure; b) bone resorption before implant placement; c) peri-implant bone resorption; d) implant-related complications; e) implant survival rate; and, f) patient’s satisfaction inquired with a dedicated questionnaire. The aims of the third project, a prospective, single-arm clinical study, are to evaluate: a) the effectiveness of digitally customized titanium meshes in association with autologous bone particles and BBM and covered with collagen membranes for the regeneration of atrophic edentulous sites; b) the survival rate of implants placed in the regenerated areas and, c) PROMs inquired with a dedicated questionnaire. MATERIALS & METHODS Project 1 – calvarium From 1998 to 2014, 72 patients presenting with severe bone defects were reconstructed with autogenous calvarial bone blocks covered with bovine bone mineral granules and collagen membranes. Four to 9 months later, 330 implants were placed and loaded 3 to 9 months later. The follow-up ranged from 3 to 19 years (mean: 8.1 years). Project 2 – ramus from 1997 to 2015, 75 patients presenting with bone defects of the jaws were grafted with autogenous mandibular bone blocks. One-hundred-eighty-two implants were placed 4 to 12 months later and loaded 3 to 10 months later: the mean follow-up was 10 years (range: 3-16 years). Project 3 – GBR with Ti-mesh 41 patients, presenting with 53 atrophic sites were enrolled between 2018 and 2019. GBR was obtained with titanium meshes filled with autogenous bone chips and bovine bone mineral (BBM). After a mean of 7 months (range: 5-12 months), meshes were removed and 106 implants placed. After a mean of 3.5 months (range: 2-5 months), implants were uncovered and prosthetic restorations started. RESULTS Project 1 – calvarium No patients developed severe complications, such as complete loss or resorption of the grafts. A dehiscence occurred in 6 patients, which developed a mild graft resorption. The mean peri-implant bone resorption before implant placement was 0.13 mm (SD ± 0.71). All patients received the planned number of implants. Three patients were lost during the follow-up. The survival rate of implants at the end of the observation period was 98.5%. The mean peri-implant bone resorption ranged from 0.00 mm to 4.87 mm (mean: 1.11 mm). Finally, 90% of the patients were very satisfied as regards the treatment received. Project 2 – ramus Post-operative recovery was uneventful in the majority of patients. An early dehiscence occurred in three patients, but with no significant bone loss, while 3 experienced temporary paresthesia. The mean vertical and horizontal bone resorption before implant placement was 0.18 mm (standard deviation (SD)=0.43) and 0.15 mm (SD=0.42), respectively. The mean peri-implant bone loss ± standard deviation was 1.06±1.19 (range 0.00 to 5.05) at patient level, and 1.11±1.26 (range 0.00 to 5.20) at implant level. Two implants in 2 patients lost integration and were removed; 10 implants in 7 patients developed peri-implantitis, but healed after surgical treatment. The cumulative implant survival and success rates were 98.11% and 85.16%, respectively. PROMs were very positive: 95.5% of patients would have undergone the procedure again. Project 3 – GBR with Ti-mesh out of 53 sites, 11 underwent mesh exposure: 8 of them were followed by uneventful integration of the graft, while 3 by partial bone loss. The mean vertical and horizontal bone gain after reconstruction was 4.78±1.88mm (range 1.00 to 8.90mm), and 6.35±2.10mm (range 2.14 to 11.48 mm), respectively. At the time of implant placement, mean changes of initial bone gain were -0.39±0.64mm (range -3.1 to +0.80mm), and -0.49±0.83mm (range –3.7 to +0.4mm), in the vertical and horizontal dimensions, respectively. Reduction of bone volume was significantly higher (P<0.001 for both dimensions) in the exposed sites. At histologic analysis, mesh appeared well osseointegrated, except that in sites where membrane exposure occurred. In all sites, newly formed tissue resulted highly mineralized, well-organized and formed by 35.88% of new lamellar bone, 16.42% of woven bone, 10.88% of osteoid matrix, 14.10% of grafted remnants and 22.72% of medullary spaces. Blood vessels were the 4 % of the tissue.The mean follow-up of implants after loading was 10.6±6.5months (range: 2 to 26months). The survival rate of implants was 100%. PROMs were very positive: 92.5% of patients would have undergone the procedure again. DISCUSSION These three projects have offered, on one side, a relevant opportunity to evaluate the short, medium, and long-term outcomes of both reconstructions with autogenous bone blocks and guided bone regeneration with an innovative, customized, titanium mesh. On the other side, “intrinsic” methodologic limits have appeared during the development of this PhD thesis, such as: o heterogeneity of patient samples and type of defects; o retrospective and prospective type of study; o duration of the observation period; o presence/absence of evaluation of bone gain and with different methods; o different methods used to evaluate bone resorption before implant placement. Despite these limits, results from these three researches offered relevant information as regards the behaviour of the transplanted /regenerated bone as well as the behaviour of peri-implant bone over time. Although the three projects significantly differ among them as regards details in the reconstructive procedures, it must be underlined that many aspects are in common. Therefore, to reduce redundancies it has been decided to write a “unified” discussion which will make it possible a direct comparison of pros, cons, indications and contra-indications of each of them. More in detail, each of the following issues will be discussed reporting and comparing obtained from each study: 1. bone gain; 2. complication rate of the reconstructive procedure; 3. bone resorption before implant placement; 4. peri-implant bone resorption; 5. survival rate of implants and implant-related complications; 6. patient’s satisfaction inquired with a dedicated questionnaire. CONCLUSION Despite the descriptive nature of the first two retrospective longitudinal cohort studies and the variability of the selected patients (including different patients anamnesis, defects locations, defect morphologies, and prosthetic rehabilitations), medium- to long-term results seem to confirm the efficacy of reconstruction of atrophic ridges using autogenous bone blocks taken from both the calvarium and the mandibular ramus covered by a protective layer of bovine bone mineral and stabilized by a collagen membrane. The use of autogenous calvarial grafts may be prefer in case of severely deficient edentulous ridges, when the ramus can offer an insufficient quantity of bone. The low postoperative morbidity, the stability over time of the augmented bone, the high survival rate of implants placed in a prosthetically driven way, leading to very satisfactory prosthetic restorations, confirmed the long-term reliability of these procedures. Preliminary results of the third prospective study, on the other hand, despite the limited number of patients, implants, short follow-up, and the non-negligible incidence of Ti-mesh exposures, seem to demonstrate that CAD-CAM customized Ti-meshes may represent a reliable GBR option for the correction severely atrophic edentulous ridges in terms of vertical bone gain, limited peri-implant bone resorption and survival rate of implants. It is however worth noting that if on one hand it is possible to simplify the reconstructive procedure thanks to the customization of Ti-meshes, on the other hand surgeons have to face the non-negligible incidence of Ti-mesh exposures and the higher complexity of their removal at the time of implant placement. Therefore, studies involving a higher sample of patients and with longer follow-ups are necessary. PROMs seem to validate the use of all the regenerative and reconstructive procedures, with high value of patient’ satisfaction.
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Sánchez, Zavala Gabriela. "RESTAURACIÓN ARQUITECTÓNICA DE LA CAPILLA VIRREINAL DEL SEÑOR DEL CALVARIO EN TOLUCA, INTERVENCIÓN A PRINCIPIOS DEL SIGLO XX." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/105080.

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En la ciudad de Toluca, el patrimonio histórico ha sufrido desapego por falta de mantenimiento en sus inmuebles. Éstos se han deteriorado al punto de ser abandonados o demolidos para dar paso a nuevas edificaciones, provocando que la ciudad se vea escasa de historia y cultura que la mantengan como un punto de atracción turística y de inversión.
La Capilla del señor del Calvario es considerada Patrimonio histórico por parte del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia. Sin embargo, las intervenciones que ha sufrido el edificio no han considerado las características que componen al templo y los procedimientos no han sido los adecuados.
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Coussens, Anna Kathleen. "Molecular regulation of calvarial suture morphogenesis and human craniofacial diversity." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16481/1/Anna_Coussens_Thesis.pdf.

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This body of work is concerned with the genetics of craniofacial morphology and specifically with that of the cranial sutures which form fibrous articulations between the calvarial bones. The premature fusion of these sutures, known as craniosynostosis, is a common developmental abnormality and has been extensively utilised here as a tool through which to study the genetics of suture morphogenesis and craniofacial diversity. Investigations began with a search for polymorphisms associated with normal variation in human craniofacial characteristics. Denaturing High-Performance Liquid chromatography was used to identify polymorphisms in two genes causative for craniosynostosis by analysing DNA from a large cohort of individuals from four ethnogeographic populations. A single nucleotide polymorphism in fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 was identified as being associated with variation in the cephalic index, a common measure of cranial shape. To further, and specifically, investigate the molecular processes of suture morphogenesis gene expression was compared between unfused and prematurely fusing/fused suture tissues isolated from patients with craniosynostosis. Two approaches, both utilising Affymetrix gene expression microarrays, were used to identify genes differentially expressed during premature suture fusion. The first was a novel method which utilised the observation that explant cells from both fused and unfused suture tissue, cultured in minimal medium, produce a gene expression profile characteristic of minimally differentiated osteoblastic cells. Consequently, gene expression was compared between prematurely fused suture tissues and their corresponding in vitro de-differentiated cells. In addition to those genes known to be involved in suture morphogenesis, a large number of novel genes were identified which were up-regulated in the differentiated in vivo state and are thus implicated in premature suture fusion and in vivo osteoblast differentiation. The second microarray study involved an extensive analysis of 16 suture tissues and compared gene expression between unfused (n=9) and fusing/fused sutures (n=7). Again, both known genes and a substantially large number of novel genes were identified as being differentially expressed. Some of these novel genes included retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), glypican 3 (GPC3), C1q tumour necrosis factor 3 (C1QTNF3), and WNT inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1). The known functions of these genes are suggestive of potential roles in suture morphogenesis. Realtime quantitative RT PCR (QRT-PCR) was used to verify the differential expression patterns observed for 11 genes and Western blot analysis and confocal microscopy was used to investigate the protein expression for 3 genes of interest. RBP4 was found to be localised on the ectocranial surface of unfused sutures and in cells lining the osteogenic fronts while GPC3 was localised to suture mesenchyme of unfused sutures. A comparison between each unfused suture (coronal, sagittal, metopic, and lambdoid) demonstrated that gene expression profiles are suture-specific which, based on the identification of differentially expressed genes, suggests possible molecular bases for the differential timing of normal fusion and the response of each suture to different craniosynostosis mutations. One observation of particular interest was the presence of cartilage in unfused lambdoid sutures, suggesting a role for chondrogenesis in posterior skull sutures which have generally been thought to develop by intramembranous ossification without a cartilage precursor. Finally, the effects of common media supplements used in in vitro experiments to stimulate differentiation of calvarial suture-derived cells were investigated with respect to their ability to induce in vivo-like gene expression. The response to standard differentiation medium (ascorbic acid + β-glycerophosphate) with and without dexamethasone was measured by both mineralisation and matrix formation assays and QRT-PCR of genes identified in the above described microarray studies. Both media induced collagen matrix and bone nodule formation indicative of differentiating osteoblasts. However, the genes expression profiles induced by both media differed and neither recapitulated the levels and profiles of gene expression observed in vivo for cells isolated from both fused and unfused suture tissues. This study has implications for translating results from in vitro work to the in vivo situation. Significantly, the dedifferentiation microarray study identified differentially expressed genes whose products may be considered candidates as more appropriate osteogenic supplements that may be used during in vitro experiments to better induce in vivo-like osteoblast differentiation. This study has made a substantial contribution to the identification of novel genes and pathways involved in controlling human suture morphogenesis and craniofacial diversity. The results from this research will stimulate new areas of inquiry which will one day aid in the development of better diagnostics and therapeutics for craniosynostosis, and other craniofacial and more general skeletal abnormalities.
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Coussens, Anna Kathleen. "Molecular regulation of calvarial suture morphogenesis and human craniofacial diversity." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16481/.

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This body of work is concerned with the genetics of craniofacial morphology and specifically with that of the cranial sutures which form fibrous articulations between the calvarial bones. The premature fusion of these sutures, known as craniosynostosis, is a common developmental abnormality and has been extensively utilised here as a tool through which to study the genetics of suture morphogenesis and craniofacial diversity. Investigations began with a search for polymorphisms associated with normal variation in human craniofacial characteristics. Denaturing High-Performance Liquid chromatography was used to identify polymorphisms in two genes causative for craniosynostosis by analysing DNA from a large cohort of individuals from four ethnogeographic populations. A single nucleotide polymorphism in fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 was identified as being associated with variation in the cephalic index, a common measure of cranial shape. To further, and specifically, investigate the molecular processes of suture morphogenesis gene expression was compared between unfused and prematurely fusing/fused suture tissues isolated from patients with craniosynostosis. Two approaches, both utilising Affymetrix gene expression microarrays, were used to identify genes differentially expressed during premature suture fusion. The first was a novel method which utilised the observation that explant cells from both fused and unfused suture tissue, cultured in minimal medium, produce a gene expression profile characteristic of minimally differentiated osteoblastic cells. Consequently, gene expression was compared between prematurely fused suture tissues and their corresponding in vitro de-differentiated cells. In addition to those genes known to be involved in suture morphogenesis, a large number of novel genes were identified which were up-regulated in the differentiated in vivo state and are thus implicated in premature suture fusion and in vivo osteoblast differentiation. The second microarray study involved an extensive analysis of 16 suture tissues and compared gene expression between unfused (n=9) and fusing/fused sutures (n=7). Again, both known genes and a substantially large number of novel genes were identified as being differentially expressed. Some of these novel genes included retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), glypican 3 (GPC3), C1q tumour necrosis factor 3 (C1QTNF3), and WNT inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1). The known functions of these genes are suggestive of potential roles in suture morphogenesis. Realtime quantitative RT PCR (QRT-PCR) was used to verify the differential expression patterns observed for 11 genes and Western blot analysis and confocal microscopy was used to investigate the protein expression for 3 genes of interest. RBP4 was found to be localised on the ectocranial surface of unfused sutures and in cells lining the osteogenic fronts while GPC3 was localised to suture mesenchyme of unfused sutures. A comparison between each unfused suture (coronal, sagittal, metopic, and lambdoid) demonstrated that gene expression profiles are suture-specific which, based on the identification of differentially expressed genes, suggests possible molecular bases for the differential timing of normal fusion and the response of each suture to different craniosynostosis mutations. One observation of particular interest was the presence of cartilage in unfused lambdoid sutures, suggesting a role for chondrogenesis in posterior skull sutures which have generally been thought to develop by intramembranous ossification without a cartilage precursor. Finally, the effects of common media supplements used in in vitro experiments to stimulate differentiation of calvarial suture-derived cells were investigated with respect to their ability to induce in vivo-like gene expression. The response to standard differentiation medium (ascorbic acid + β-glycerophosphate) with and without dexamethasone was measured by both mineralisation and matrix formation assays and QRT-PCR of genes identified in the above described microarray studies. Both media induced collagen matrix and bone nodule formation indicative of differentiating osteoblasts. However, the genes expression profiles induced by both media differed and neither recapitulated the levels and profiles of gene expression observed in vivo for cells isolated from both fused and unfused suture tissues. This study has implications for translating results from in vitro work to the in vivo situation. Significantly, the dedifferentiation microarray study identified differentially expressed genes whose products may be considered candidates as more appropriate osteogenic supplements that may be used during in vitro experiments to better induce in vivo-like osteoblast differentiation. This study has made a substantial contribution to the identification of novel genes and pathways involved in controlling human suture morphogenesis and craniofacial diversity. The results from this research will stimulate new areas of inquiry which will one day aid in the development of better diagnostics and therapeutics for craniosynostosis, and other craniofacial and more general skeletal abnormalities.
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Rawlinson, Simon Charles Fielding. "Early loading-related responses of bone cells." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313688.

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D'Aoust, Paul R. "The use of bisphosphonates to promote healing of rat calvarial wounds." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0027/MQ40754.pdf.

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Books on the topic "CALVARIUM"

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Mauro, Frank Armand. Assessment of biodegradable calcium polyphosphate for bone substitute application in the healing of the rat calvarium. [Toronto: University of Toronto, Faculty of Dentistry], 1999.

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Ferrando, Antoni Vidal. Calvari. Alzira [Spain]: Edicions Bromera, 1992.

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Rebreanu, Tiberiu. Calvarul gloriei. Bacău: Corgal Press, 1995.

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Peñalva, Jesús Sarasa. Brezos y calvarios. Madrid: Liber Factory, 2013.

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Rivera, Fernando L. Personalidades del Calvario. St. Louis, Mo: Chalice Press, 1996.

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Salvo el calvario. Quito: Premio Aurelio Espinosa Polit, 2005.

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Palacio, Vicente Riva. Calvario y Tabor. México: Porrúa, 1985.

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Barbero, A. Atlante dei sacri monti, calvari e complessi devozionali europei: Atlas of holy mountains, Calvaries, and devotional complexes in Europe. Novara: Istituto geografico De Agostini, 2004.

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B, Yeats W. Calvario: La resurrezione : purgatorio. [Italy]: Società letteraria Rapallo, 1994.

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Calvario: Monte Sacro di Domodossola. Torino: U. Allemandi, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "CALVARIUM"

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Reeder, Maurice M. "Calvarium (Skull)." In Reeder and Felson’s Gamuts in Bone, Joint and Spine Radiology, 285–329. New York, NY: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9520-1_2.

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Reeder, Maurice M., and William G. Bradley. "Calvarium (Skull)." In Reeder and Felson’s Gamuts in Neuro-Radiology, 69–126. New York, NY: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9522-5_2.

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Morandi, Federica. "Calvarium and Zygomatic Arch." In Veterinary Computed Tomography, 161–70. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118785676.ch16.

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Krishnan, Prasad. "Scalp and the Calvarium." In Tuberculosis of the Central Nervous System, 57–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50712-5_5.

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Manzi, Giorgio. "Ceprano (A “Transitional” Homo calvarium)." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 1195–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_2101.

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Kinns, Jennifer, and Russ Tucker. "Equine Calvarium, Brain and Pituitary Gland." In Veterinary Computed Tomography, 443–49. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118785676.ch41.

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Marani, Enrico, and Ciska Heida. "The Skullcap, Cranial Vault or Calvarium." In Head and Neck, 15–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92105-1_2.

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Yazici, Ilker, Sakir Unal, and Maria Z. Siemionow. "Composite Hemiface/Calvarium Transplantation Model in Rat." In Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 289–93. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6335-0_36.

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Vignal, J. N., and F. Crispino. "Identification of Calvarium Thanks to the After-Effects of a Mastoidectomy." In Acta Medicinæ Legalis Vol. XLIV 1994, 327–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79523-7_109.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Calvaria." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_1571.

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Conference papers on the topic "CALVARIUM"

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Al-abcha, A., L. Charles, J. Choi, J. Burch, and H. Alkhudhari. "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Lung with Destructive Calvarium Metastasis." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a5761.

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Eggers, Georg, Sascha Dauber, Werner Korb, Thomas Welzel, Ruediger Marmulla, and Stefan Hassfeld. "Image data acquisition and segmentation for accurate modeling of the calvarium." In Medical Imaging 2004, edited by Robert L. Galloway, Jr. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.534344.

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Omofoye, Oluwaseun, Trong Huynh, Ray Jhun, Hasan Ashfaque, and Katharine Cronk. "Primary Intraosseous Meningioma of the Calvarium: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." In 29th Annual Meeting North American Skull Base Society. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1679454.

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Irvin, C., M. Winchell, T. Betlej, C. Harvey, and R. Z. Abraham. "Osteolytic Lesions of the Calvarium Presenting with Intracranial Hemorrhage- An Uncommon Connection." In American Thoracic Society 2021 International Conference, May 14-19, 2021 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2021.203.1_meetingabstracts.a2329.

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Cler, Samuel J., Nima Sharifai, Brandi Baker, Joshua Dowling, Patrik Pipkorn, Lauren Yaeger, Sonika Dahiya, David Clifford, and Michael Chicoine. "IGG4-Related Disease in the Skull Base and Calvarium: A Systematic Review and Presentation of Two Cases." In Special Virtual Symposium of the North American Skull Base Society. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1725474.

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NAKAGAWA, ATSUHIRO, TAKAYUKI HIRANO, TEIJI TOMINAGA, MASAYUKI EZURA, AKIRA TAKAHASHI, and KAZUYOSHI TAKAYAMA. "APPLICATION OF SHOCK WAVE FOR THE TREATMENT OF BONE DEFECT IN THE SKULL: EXPERIMENT ON YOUNG RAT CALVARIUM." In Proceedings of the Final Symposium of the Tohoku University 21st Century Center of Excellence Program. IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781860948800_0108.

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Song, Junho, Yuexi Huang, and Kullervo Hynynen. "Investigation of standing wave formation in a human calvarium using a large scale, transcranial MR guided focused ultrasound phased-array." In 2010 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ultsym.2010.5935960.

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Le, Viet Hoan, Seunghun Lee, Ki Hean Kim, Seungwon Lee, and Seung-Woo Lee. "In vivo longitudinal visualization of bone marrow engraftment process in mouse calvarium bone marrow with two-photon microscopy (Conference Presentation)." In Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences XVII, edited by Ammasi Periasamy, Peter T. So, Xiaoliang S. Xie, and Karsten König. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2252055.

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McCraney, Scott A., Mitchell D. Kilgore, Mansour Mathkour, Tyler Scullen, and Cuong J. Bui. "Chronic Intraosseous Organizing Hematoma of the Calvarium in the Setting of Coagulopathy: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature." In 31st Annual Meeting North American Skull Base Society. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1743902.

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Marchiori, Julia Gabriela Oliveira, Jennyfer Paulla Galdino Chaves, Maria Cecilia Closs Ono, and Adriana Keijiro Maeda. "Trigonocephaly associated with myelomeningocele in infant: Case report." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.040.

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Context: Trigonocephaly is a type of craniostenosis due to the early closure of the metopic suture. His diagnosis is eminently clinical, but imaging tests are essential. The recommended treatment is surgical and should preferably be performed at the age of 3 to 9 months. Association between craniosynostosis and neural tube defect (NTDs) is rare and was sometimes considered as mere coincidence. However, Martinez-Lage et al. hypothesize that there is a causal relationship between these malformations since myelomeningocele reduces intracranial pulse pressure, which stimulates the early closure of cranial sutures. For Graham et al. the restriction of fetal movements in NTD carriers predisposes to craniosynostosis, as they are likely to keep the skull fixed against the mother’s pelvic bones. Case report: Male patient, 11 months, with West Syndrome. He congenitally presented myelomeningocele, and this deformity was corrected on his first day of life. He subsequently developed a keel-shaped forehead, protrusion of metopic suture, and hypertelorism. The diagnosis of trigonocephaly was ratified by computed tomography of the skull with three-dimensional reconstruction. Surgery was performed at 11 months. The access chosen was coronal and there was a wide exposure of the calvarium. Then all the metopic suture was removed through a bifrontal craniotomy, which allowed the remodeling of the frontal bone. Conclusions: It is necessary to make a diagnosis and early treatment of both comorbidities since delays in the conduct can result in disastrous consequences. In addition, there is a need to conduct more research to elucidate the interrelationship between craniosynostosis and NTD.
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Reports on the topic "CALVARIUM"

1

Bercovier, Herve, and Paul Frelier. Pathogenic Streptococcus in Tilapia: Rapid Diagnosis, Epidemiology and Pathophysiology. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568776.bard.

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Within the project "Pathogenic Streptococcus in Tilapia", gram positive cocci pathogens of fish in Israel and in the United States were characterized. We showed that Streptococcus shiloi, the name for an agent causing septicemic infection in fish, is a junior synonym of Streptococcus iniae and that Enterococcus seriolicida is a junior synonym of Lactococcus garvieae, a causative agent of septicemia and meningo-encephalitis in fish. Molecular epidemiology studies on these two pathogens, based on 16S rDNA sequences and ribotyping showed that although each country had specific clones, S. iniae originated probably from the U.S. and L. garvieae from Japan. PCR assays were developed for both pathogens and applied to clinical samples. S. agalactiael S. difficile was also recognized for the first time in the U.S. in tilapia. Our histopathological studies explained the noted paradox (abundant in vitro growth often accompanied by scant to small numbers of organisms within the meninges in histologic sections of brain) in diagnostic of fish streptococcus. The greatest concentration of cocci were consistently observed within macrophages infiltrating the extrameningeal fibroadipose tissue surrounding the brain within the calvarium. These results also suggests that the primary route of meningeal infection may be extension from the extrameningeal connective tissue rather than meningeal vascular emigration of cocci-containing macrophages. Our work has resulted in a cognizance of streptococcus as fish pathogen which goes beyond the pathology observed in tilapia and is already extended to many aquaculture fish species in Israel and in the United States. Finally, our data suggest that vaccines (bivalent or trivalent) could be developed to prevent most of the damages caused by streptococcus in aquaculture.
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Gold, Chris, and David Sahar. Role of Endothelial Differentiated Adipose-derived Stem Cells in Repairing Calvarial Critical Size Defects in the Laboratory Rat (Rattus norvegicus). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada608955.

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Vázquez i Falip, Maria Pilar, Josep Medina Morales, and Joan-Ramon González Pérez. Edificios singulares de la Primera Edad del Hierro en la llanura occidental catalana: Sant Joan Vell y la Serra del Calvari. Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21001/rap.2018.28.19.

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Duran Hernandez, Zulma Lorena, Blanca Carvajal, María del Rosario Díaz Olaya, and Duban Romero. Estado ambiental de la microcuenca de la quebrada Altamira para la implementación de un esquema de PSA en el corregimiento de San Francisco, El Calvario-Meta. Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, December 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/ecapma.3260.

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