Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'CALPHAD (méthode de calcul)'
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Croze, Théo. "Thermochimie haute température des produits de fission platinoïdes (Pd, Rh, Ru) en interaction avec l'uranium ou le molybdène." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDSMRE/2023/2023ULILR064.pdf.
Full textThe fission reaction of oxide nuclear fuel: UO2 or MOx ((U,Pu)O2) leads to the formation of fission products. Specifically, molybdenum, palladium, rhodium ruthenium and technetium are known to form metallic phases that precipitate in the fuel matrix. Throughout the nuclear fuel cycle, these phases modify the mechanical and chemical properties of the fuel. They take part in the cladding corrosion and precipitate as non-soluble particles in the fluorite matrix hindering both dissolution process of spent fuel and vitrification process for waste disposal. In some incidental events, these fission products can also interact with uranium and/or plutonium to form intermetallic phases.The goal of the present work is to improve the thermodynamic description of Mo-Pd-Rh-Ru and Pd Rh Ru U systems using the CalPhaD formalism, which combine thermodynamic data (from experiments or first principle calculations) as input with modelling based on the minimization of the internal Gibbs energy of the whole system.The selection of input data was based on a literature survey which also identified the main weaknesses and doubts. Next, the majority of these Mo-platinoid and U-platinoid binary systems were studied using metallographic and thermal analyses carried out on annealed and as-cast samples. These new results confirmed the main invariant reactions, but also highlighted the formation of new intermetallics, some resulting from the ordering of solid solutions. Phase equilibria were also assessed for the first time in the Pd-Ru-U and Rh-Ru-U ternaries. The difficulty of perfectly characterizing these transformations prevented a new assessment of the Pd-Rh-Ru-U system. Nevertheless, these new results may be useful for future optimization of the system. The results of the Mo-platinoid systems have enabled a re-optimization of the Mo Pd, Mo Rh and Mo Ru binaries, as well as the associated ternaries. A complete new description of the Mo Pd Rh Ru system is presented in this manuscript. The efficient formalism of this model makes it compatible with numerous thermodynamic databases developed to describe the thermochemistry of irradiated nuclear fuel, as well as those of backend processes
Cardon, Clément. "Modélisation de la diffusion multi-composants dans un bain de corium diphasique oxyde-métal par une méthode d'interface diffuse." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX096/document.
Full textThis Ph.D. topic is focused on the modelling of stratification kinetics for an oxide-metal corium pool (U-O-Zr-steel system) in terms of multicomponent and multiphase diffusion. This work is part of a larger research effort for the development of a detailed corium pool modelling based on a CFD approach (“Computational Fluid Dynamics”) for thermal-hydraulics. The overall goal is to improve the understanding of the involved phenomena and obtain closure laws for integral macroscopic models.The phase-field method coupled with an energy functional using the CALPHAD method appears to be relevant for this purpose.In a first part, this works has been focused on the U-O binary system. We have developed a diffuse interface model (based on a Cahn-Hilliard equation) in order to describe the diffusion process in this system. This model has been coupled with a CALPHAD thermodynamic database and its parameterization has been developed with, in particular, an upscaling procedure related to the interface thickness.Then, within the framework of a modelling for the U-O-Zr ternary system, we have proposed a generalization of the diffuse interface model through an assumption of local equilibrium for redox mechanisms. A particular attention was paid to the model analysis by 1D numerical simulations with a special focus on the steady state composition profiles.Finally we have applied this model to the U-O-Zr-Fe system. For that purpose, we have considered a configuration close to small-scale experimental tests dedicated to the study of oxide-metal corium pool stratification
Martin, Guillaume. "Méthode de corrélation calcul/essai pour l'analyse du crissement." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENAM0012/document.
Full textBrake squeal is a nuisance commonly encountered in the car industry which often results in financial penalties towards brake manufacturers, even if no robust solution exists for the conception. Numerical simulation and experimental characterizations are the classical two-track approaches to analyze squeal phenomena. Numerical simulation allows a fine analysis of vibration behaviors and the evaluation of conception modification impacts, but models are not perfect and their validity domain must be defined. Measurement guarantees that every parameter is taken into account, but it is often spatially poor and not really suited for modification prediction. In this context, the thesis objectives are to make an overview of test operating methods, to provide tools allowing an easier interaction between both test and simulation teams and to enforce the developments in a business application.After a review of the hypotheses and methods for modal identification, a critical analysis of the identification results leads to the characterization of biases and the introduction of detailed criteria to evaluate the quality of the result. Calculation/test correlation allows to qualify the models and tools are integrated to facilitate its implementation. Several criteria are defined to highlight the sources of bad correlation coming from the measure on the one hand and the model on the other hand. Sources of poor correlation are also identified with the MDRE expansion algorithm, whose limitations are compared with those of static and dynamic expansions.Model updating is then processed by a systematic procedure imbricating the steps of updating of geometry, material properties and contacts between components. A contact parametrization is proposed with a multi-model reduction allowing calculation times compatible with industrial time. It also allows sensitivity studies with the introduction of the notion of component modes in an assembly.Finally, a detailed analysis of a measurement campaign on a braking system under squeal conditions is carried out. A parallel between the changes of the limit cycle and the degree of coupling of the complex modes is proposed. In the time-frequency domain, variability, repeatability, reproducibility and the ability to aggregate sequential measurements are evaluated. The result is finally extended on the finite element model, which allows useful interpretations
Vony, Roger. "Méthode de calcul tridimentionnelle de l'écoulement dans les turbomachines." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX22081.
Full textChristian, Guy Emilien. "Sur une méthode de calcul des concentrations de contraintes." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066730.
Full textChehab, Jean-Paul. "Méthode des inconnues incrémentales : application au calcul des bifurcations." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112031.
Full textJobelin, Matthieu. "Méthodes de projection pour le calcul d'écoulements incompressibles et dilatables." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX22038.
Full textRondeau, Jean-François. "Méthode de calcul du bruit des avions dans les logements." Le Mans, 2002. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2002/2002LEMA1013.pdf.
Full textProvost-Pruilh, Marie-Laure. "Développement d'une méthode multizone pour le calcul des écoulements décollés." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ESAE0019.
Full textGuo, Chifei. "Calcul des tunnels profonds soutenus, méthode stationnaire et méthodes approchées." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENPC9522.
Full textCiccoli, Marie Claude. "Schémas numériques efficaces pour le calcul d'écoulements hypersoniques réactifs." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE4574.
Full textBenhafid, Yassine. "Méthode d’aide à la modélisation en calcul de structures pilotée par le contexte de calcul en conception." Compiègne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006COMP1662.
Full textThe use of simulation in engineering design comes to help to analyze behaviours of physical systems before even as they really exist. This characterizes simulation while having disadvantages relating to the problems involved in simplifications of the simulated real systems. In the diversity of the simplification models in simulation, the approached models are this thesis relate to the physical model (which generate the modelling error) and the simulation model (which gives the discretization error). While there are not structured methods for the modelling error control, the goal of this thesis is to develop an assistance method to the simplification choices for the modelling error control. The developed method in this thesis is based on the development of knowledge in modelling for-the reference analysis cases, which will be exploited to help to modelling another similar analysis cases
Badulescu, Claudiu. "Calcul précis des déformations planes par la méthode de la grille." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CLF22010.
Full textMonnier, Antoine. "Calcul par la méthode asymptotique numérique des instabilités en interaction fluide-structure." Thesis, Lorient, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORIS484/document.
Full textThis thesis is a first contribution to the bifurcation analysis of fluid flows by taking into account fluid-structure interactions. Instability with fluid-structure interactions appears in many areas of everyday life or industry such as, for example: flag floating in the wind, flow within heat exchangers for energy production, flow around submarine cables for the extraction of raw materials or the fixing of off-shore platforms, flow around aeronautical or naval structures. In these situations, complex vortex-induced vibrations of the structures can occur. The aim of the thesis is to propose an algorithm allowing stability analysis of such systems. Thus, an original coupling of a high order perturbation method (Asymptotic Numerical Method - ANM) to a spatial discretization which takes into account fluid-structure interactions is proposed. For this purpose, a purely Eulerian description of the motion is retained. Fluid-structure interaction is described using an immersed boundary method (IBM) with continuous forcing (penalization method) and discrete (Ghost-Cell method) forcing. The presence of bodies within the flow is obtained by means of the Level-Set method. In addition, a time integrator of the governing equations associating ANM, IBM and homotopy technique is proposed. All these algorithms are applied to analyse incompressible flows, at low Reynolds number, of a Newtonian viscous fluid in the presence of rigid solids (fixed or moving). Bifurcation analysis of flows in a channel with sudden expansion / contraction (stationary bifurcation), or around a cylinder (Hopf bifurcation) are carried out. Transient analysis of a flow around a moving rigid cylinder is also proposed. Our results make it possible to evaluate accuracy and performance of the proposed algorithms. Thus, thesis results allow to conclude on the validity of the proposed approach. Finally, this thesis work constitutes a first step towards flow stability analysis in the presence of complex structures, representative of real situations
Benayoun, Serge. "Calcul local du mouvement : applications à l'imagerie médicale multidimensionnelle." Paris 9, 1994. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1994PA090032.
Full textBraconnier, Thierry. "Sur le calcul des valeurs propres en précision finie." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10023.
Full textRenault, Alexandre. "Calcul et optimisation d’absorbeurs pendulaires dans une chaîne de traction automobile." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0022.
Full textIn the context of the reduction of polluting emissions and fuel consumption of thermal engines of vehicles, automotive manufacturers try to reduce cylinder capacity and engine speed of rotation. These evolutions lead to significant increase of irregularities of rotation. The so-called centrifugal pendulum vibration absorber is a recent solution of mitigation of torsional vibrations in automotive powertrains. It acts as a mass damper tuned on the firing order of the engine and allows reduction of vibrations. However, strong non-linearities intrinsic to pendular systems cause a detuning of the device at large amplitude of motion resulting in a loss of performances. This thesis aims to improve the understanding and the behavior of the system in interaction with an automotive driveline. In support of classic time integration procedures, the nonlinear system is solved through the asymptotic numerical method coupled to the harmonic balance method. In addition, an original continuation of antiresonance method is proposed as well as some design rules derived from analytical developments. Experimental validation shows a significant enhancement of performances of the system
Veron, Eric. "Calcul numérique des grandes déformations de structures minces en contact avec des fluides lords." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT4058/document.
Full textThis work is devoted to the numerical resolution of the dynamic behavior of thin flexible structures coupled with heavy fluids. This kind of Fluid-Structure Interaction problems exhibits two major numerical difficulties due to the coupling force and to the structure behavior. Firstly, the added mass effect is significant due to the mass ratio close to one. Therefore the physical coupling is strong and the coupling procedure must be reliable in order to accurately compute the solution and to ensure that the coupling procedure is stable. Secondly, flexible structures can undergo large displacements under external loadings, inducing considerable changes to the fluid domain and the fluid-structure interface. The Fluid-Structure Interaction solution is computed using an iterative partitioned procedure between a Finite Element code (Abaqus/Standard), to assess the thin structure behavior, and in-house potential flow codes based on boundary integral formulations (standard BEM and Fast-BEM solvers) to assess the fluid solution and loadings at the fluidstructure interface. The coupling between the structure and fluid solvers is achieved by means of SIMULIA Co- Simulation Engine code coupling interface. The strong coupling is achieved using an iterative fixed point procedure and the difficulty due to large displacements of the fluid structure interface is circumvented by using a boundary integral description of the fluid
Arquier, Remi. "Une méthode de calcul des modes de vibrations non linéaires de structures." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00487857.
Full textHuguet, Frédéric. "Modélisation et calcul du flot de scène stéréoscopique par une méthode variationnelle." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00421958.
Full textCette thèse traite de l'estimation du flot de scène et d'une application dans le domaine de la géophysique. Elle s'est déroulée dans le cadre de l'ACI GEOLSTEREO, en collaboration étroite avec le laboratoire Geosciences Azur, situé à Sophia Antipolis (06, UMR 6526 - CNRS - UNSA - UPMC- IRD).
Nous proposons d'estimer le flot de scène en couplant l'évaluation du flot optique dans les séquences d'images associées à chaque caméra, à l'estimation de la correspondance stéréo dense entre les images. De plus, notre approche évalue, en même temps que le flot de scène, les occultations à la fois en flot optique et en stéréo. Nous obtenons au final un système d'EDP couplant le flot optique et la stéréo, que nous résolvons numériquement à l'aide d'un algorithme multirésolution original.
Alors que les précédentes méthodes variationnelles estimaient la reconstrution 3D au temps $t$ et le flot de scène séparément, notre méthode estime les deux simultanément. Nous présentons des résultats numériques sur des séquences synthétiques avec leur vérité terrain, et nous comparons également la précision du flot de scène projeté dans une caméra avec une méthode récente et performante d'estimation variationnelle du flot optique. Des résultats sont présentés sur une séquence stéréo réelle, se rapportant à un mouvement non rigide et à de larges discontinuités.
Enfin, nous présentons l'approche originale de modélisation physique 3D utilisée au laboratoire Geosciences Azur. Nous décrivons la mise en place du dispositif stéréoscopique associé, ainsi que le déroulement de l'expérience. Des résultats de reconstruction 3D, d'estimation du flot de scène, et de suivi de la déformation d'une surface sont montrés dans le chapitre 4 de la thèse.
Boutyour, El-Hassan. "Méthode asymptotique numérique pour le calcul des bifurcations : application aux structures élastiques." Metz, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1994/Boutyour.El_Hassan.SMZ9435.pdf.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to present numerical algorithms for the detection of bifurcation points, in the framework of Asymptotic-Numerical Methods, which were proposed initially by Damil and Potier-Ferry in 1990. The first section is devoted to a brief review of the bifurcation theory. The notions of branches of solution and singular points are introduced with their caracterisations. Also, there is review of some recent studies on the detection of bifurcations within incremental-iterative methods. The second section is devoted to a review of the asymptotic-numerical methods for computing branches of solution of non-linear problems. Applications are shown for non-linear analysis of elastic thin structures, such as beams, plates and shells. In section three, an asymptotic-numerical procedures is developed for detecting bifurcations on a linear branch. A perturbed equilibrium problem is introduced in order to define a bifurcation indicator, that is well adapted with asymptotic-numerical method which involves to solve several linear problems which have the same stiffness matrix. The improvement of the asymptotic series using Padé approximants is discussed. The method is tested for computing the buckling load of the compressed plate. In section four, the procedure of section three is generalised to a non-linear fundamental branche. Also, after the detection of bifurcation point, the computation of the bifurcating branch is also discussed. Finally, an application for a circular arch is presented
Chetcuti, Nathalie. "Déduction automatique en calcul des durées basée sur la méthode des tableaux." Toulouse 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU30144.
Full textBeaucamp, Sylvain. "Méthode de calcul des densités et des enthalpies de cristaux ioniques moléculaires." Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR4052.
Full textPerformances of energetic materials depend on their density, their solid-state of formation and their stoechiometry. The aim of this works is the development of model to estimate the density and the solid-state of formation of energetic salts, X-N+ NO[-3], from their developed formulate. Model using additive volumes for charges groupes is developed to predict crystal densities of molecular salts. On the one hand, the group contribution method of Ammon and Mitchell is extended molecular salts. On the other hand, a less empirical contribution method is presented. Solid state-heat of formation of a molecular salts depend on the anthalpie of the isolated ions and the cohesive energy of the crystal salts. The estimate the cohesive energy two approach are developed : a semi-empirical model using descriptors computed on isolated ions and the crystal packing of virtual crystal salts of ions. Moreover, implementation of the symetry-constrained in the self consistent charges density functional tight binbing model is developped. This routine may riffine virtual salts structure obtained by packing model. The last part shows applications of previous developed models to the prediction of the solid state of formation of nitrate salts
Arquier, Rémi. "Une méthode de calcul des modes de vibrations non linéaires de structures." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2007AIX22037.pdf.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to evaluate new theoric and numeric tools for non linear modes computation of structures with geometric non linearity discretised by the finite element method. The invariant surface which caracterises the non linear mode is defined with a family of periodic orbits solution of the equation of motion. Each orbit is time discretised (Newmark or Simo scheme) and formulated with a global system containing all unknows for every time steps, this is the simultaneous method, by opposition with the classic shooting method. The orbit family solution of the global system is obtained with the Asymptotic Numerical Method. Some variations around the ANM are also adressed. We introduced new approach to control continuation around a bifurcation point by adding a perturbation to the non linear system. We also present a software, MANLAB, allowing interactive continuation of complex bifurcation diagrams, which is applied to the family of periodic orbits
Belme, Anca. "Aérodynamique instationnaire et méthode adjointe." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE4071.
Full textIn this thesis, we first focused on error estimates for unsteady problems. We have contributed to both a posteriori and a priori error estimators for unsteady inviscid problems and viscous unsteady problems. For the first one, we have been interested on linearized methods for reducing dissipation errors. Regarding the a priori errors, a new estimator is proposed with application to viscous compressible flows. These a priori estimators have been employed for goal-oriented anisotropic mesh adaptation problems, for both Euler and laminar Navier-Stokes flows, in a joint work with Gamma3 team we have developed a method to derive an optimal mesh to observe/improve a given output functional in an unsteady context. The weights of the interpolation error are adjoint states in this case. A new global fixed-point algorithm is proposed herein order to converge the couple mesh/solution. We have applied this algorithm for blast wave problems and acoustics, for both 2D and 3D cases
Radi, Bouchaïb. "Méthodes de calcul par sous-domaines : application au problème de contact entre deux solides déformables." Besançon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BESA2041.
Full textGratton, Serge. "Outils théoriques d'analyse du calcul à précision finie." Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT015H.
Full textNeut, Sylvain. "Implantation et nouvelles applications de la méthode d'équivalence de Cartan." Lille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL10074.
Full textTelle, Benoît. "Méthode ensembliste pour une reconstruction tridimensionnelle garanti par stéréovision." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20177.
Full textJennequin, Delphine. "Calcul d'écoulements extérieurs incompressibles." Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011893.
Full textchoisies sur le bord libre de notre domaine de calcul. Nous discrétisons ensuite par des éléments finis de même ordre avec stabilisation, ce qui implique que la linéarisation de notre problème est un problème de point selle généralisé. Nous choisissons de résoudre le système complet par une méthode de Krylov. La difficulté réside dans deux problèmes de préconditionnement: celui du complément de Schur et celui du bloc convection-diffusion.
Dans un premier temps, nous montrons que la matrice de masse est un
équivalent spectral du complément de Schur, ce qui implique que le nombre d'itérations de notre méthode est indépendant de la taille de l'espace de discrétisation. Nous étudions théoriquement le comportement des valeurs
propres du problème préconditionné en fonction du nombre de Reynolds dans le cas de
la cavité entraînée. Nous ajoutons ensuite l'influence du rayon de troncature pour le problème extérieur. Les résultats numériques tridimensionnels viennent confirmer la théorie et montrent la robustesse de la méthode.
Ensuite, nous proposons une méthode de décomposition de domaines sans recouvrement pour le problème de convection-diffusion dans laquelle nous imposons la continuité de la solution par des multiplicateurs de Lagrange. Nous étudions les performances d'un préconditionneur pour le problème à l'interface et étendons ainsi à la dimension trois les résultats numériques bidimensionnels de la littérature.
La dernière partie du manuscrit est indépendante du sujet de thèse: elle relate un travail portant sur la physique des plasmas effectué à l'occasion du CEMRACS 2003.
Bencteux, Guy. "Amélioration d'une méthode de décomposition de domaine pour le calcul de structures électroniques." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00391801.
Full textMorin, Olivier. "Calcul des contraintes résiduelles dues au soudage par la méthode des éléments finis." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2006. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/500/1/MORIN_Olivier.pdf.
Full textFournier, Francette. "Mise au point d'une méthode de calcul adaptée au bruit de fenestron d'hélicoptères." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ECDLA012.
Full textKpegba, Koku Wolali. "Calcul des facteurs d'intensité de contraintes par la méthode de superposition des maillages." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2299.
Full textPavsic, Sylvie. "Calcul d'écoulements autour de corps multiplesApplication à la séparation de charges, méthode chimère." Paris 13, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA132037.
Full textChouai, Sihem. "Calcul tridimensionnel des champs électromagnétiques dans les applicateurs par la méthode de relaxation." Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT022H.
Full textLéger, Laurent. "Calcul parallèle des racines d'un polynôme à l'aide de la méthode de Weyl." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES032.
Full textCoquerelle, Mathieu. "Calcul d’interaction fluide-structure par méthode de vortex et application en synthèse d’images." Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0185.
Full textFluid simulation is a classical problem in numerical analysis and scientific computing. Nowadays it holds a significant place in the computer graphics domain. Those kind of applications are eager of efficient and reliable techniques. My works focus on the development of Lagrangian-Eulerian hybrid methods in a vortex formulation which give good precision and know efficient computation algorithms. Those methods are flexible enough to allow to compute multi-phasic flows as well as fluid-structure interactions. Interfaces between various phases (fluids or solids) are captured by a level set function. I propose a novel method that offers to easily integrate interactions with rigid solids - thanks to a penalization technique - and deal with collisions. The numerical results computed are compared to test cases from the literature and I offer examples of realistic 3D animations for computer graphics
Weynans, Lisl. "Méthode particulaire multiniveaux pour la dynamique des gaz : application au calcul d'écoulements multifluides." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10292.
Full textThis work is devoted to the evaluation of the ability of a particle-mesh method, inspired from Vortex-In-Cell methods, to simulate gaz dynamics, especially multifluids. We firstly develop a particle-mesh method, associated with a conservative remeshing step, which is performed with high order interpolating kernels. We study theoretically and numerically this method. This analysis gives evidence of a strong relationship between the particle method and high order Lax-Wendroff-like finite difference schemes. We introduce a new scheme, more accurate, for the advection of particles. Then we implement a multilevel technique, inspired from AMR, which allows to increase locally the accuracy of the computations. Finally we develop a level-set like technique, discretized on the particles, to simulate the interface between compressible flows. We use the multilevel technique to improve the interface resolution and the conservation of partial masses
Ayoub, Rama. "Développement d’une méthode de discrétisation des EDPs basée sur le calcul extérieur discret." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2020. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03327048.
Full textDEC (Discrete exterior calculus) is a geometric integrator based on exterior calculus, which has been successfully applied to different fields, namely to electromagnetism and isothermal fluid mechanics. Its combinatorial construction ensures that, as in the continuous case, the discrete exterior derivative operator d verifies the fundamental relation d²=0. As a consequence, vector analysis relations such as div curl = 0 and curl grad = 0 are naturally satisfied at machine precision during the simulation. A crucial operator in exterior calculus is the Hodge operator. One of the most popular choice of discrete Hodge operator in DEC is the diagonal Hodge. Its construction is based on a circumcentric dual mesh. In this thesis, the application of the DEC in fluid mechanics on anisothermal flows,in the context of a formulation with a stream function is first presented. Then, in the second part of the thesis, a new construction of the discrete Hodge operator is proposed. The new operator called the analytical Hodge operator is general and thus extends the choice of the dual mesh which can be based on any interior point (circumcenter, barycenter, incenter ...). Numerical tests revealing the good results of our construction are performed and convergence on different types of meshes (structured, unstructured, non-Delaunay) is presented.In the last part of the thesis, we introduce the equivalent expression of Neumann boundary conditions in the context of DEC in 2D meshes. The derivation of this expression can be performed on any type of mesh and independently of the choice of discretization of the Hodge operator. This allows us to solve Navier-Stokes equations in primary variables (velocity-pressure) using prediction-correction schemes in the context of DEC. In the last chapter, the previous developments are extended to the 3D case. In each contribution, different numerical tests evaluating robustness and convergence on different types of meshes are presented
Mesquida, Thomas. "Méthode de calcul et implémentation d’un processeur neuromorphique appliqué à des capteurs évènementiels." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT117/document.
Full textStudying how our nervous system and sensory mechanisms work lead to the creation of event-driven sensors. These sensors follow the same principles as our eyes or ears for example. This Ph.D. focuses on the search for bio-inspired low power methods enabling processing data from this new kind of sensor. Contrary to legacy sensors, our retina and cochlea only react to the perceived activity in the sensory environment. The artificial “retina” and “cochlea” implementations we call dynamic sensors provide streams of events comparable to neural spikes. The quantity of data transmitted is closely linked to the presented activity, which decreases the redundancy in the output data. Moreover, not being forced to follow a frame-rate, the created events provide increased timing resolution. This bio-inspired support to convey data lead to the development of algorithms enabling visual tracking or speaker recognition or localization at the auditory level, and neuromorphic computing environment implementation. The work we present rely on these new ideas to create new processing solutions. More precisely, the applications and hardware developed rely on temporal coding of the data in the spike stream provided by the sensors
Phan, Tran Duc Minh. "Une méthode de dualité pour des problèmes non convexes du Calcul des Variations." Thesis, Toulon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUL0006/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we study a general principle of convexification to treat certain non convex variationalproblems in Rd. Thanks to this principle we are able to enforce the powerful duality techniques andbring back such problems to primal-dual formulations in Rd+1, thus making efficient the numericalsearch of a global minimizer. A theory of duality and calibration fields is reformulated in the caseof linear-growth functionals. Under suitable assumptions, this allows us to revisit and extend anexclusion principle discovered by Visintin in the 1990s and to reduce the original problem to theminimization of a convex functional in Rd. This result is then applied successfully to a class offree boundary or multiphase problems that we treat numerically obtaining very accurate interfaces.On the other hand we apply the theory of calibrations to a classical problem of minimal surfaceswith free boundary and establish new results related to the comparison with its variant where theminimal surfaces functional is replaced by the total variation. We generalize the notion of calibrabilityintroduced by Caselles-Chambolle and Al. and construct explicitly a dual solution for the problemassociated with the second functional by using a locally Lipschitzian potential related to the distanceto the cut-locus. The last part of the thesis is devoted to primal-dual optimization algorithms forthe search of saddle points, introducing new more efficient variants in precision and computationtime. In particular, we experiment a semi-implicit variant of the Arrow-Hurwicz method whichallows to reduce drastically the number of iterations necessary to obtain a sharp accuracy of theinterfaces. Eventually we tackle the structural non-differentiability of the Lagrangian arising fromour method by means of a geometric projection method on the epigraph, thus offering an alternativeto all classical regularization methods
Nesnas, Karim. "Sur des méthodes numériques de calcul de structures sous chargements cycliques." Compiègne, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998COMP1144.
Full textNguyen, Manh-Hung. "Developpement d'une méthode de calcul de tenue à la mer avec effets portants par une méthode de singularité de Kelvin." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2239.
Full textPirus, Denise. "Imprécisions numériques : méthode d'estimation et de contrôle de la précision en C.A.O." Metz, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1997/Pirus.Denise.SMZ9703.pdf.
Full textThe object of this thesis is to bring a solution of numerical problems caused by the use of floating point arithmetic. The first chapter tackles the problems which are induced by the floating point arithmetic. One also develop the different existing methods and tools to solve these problems. The second chapter is devoted to the study of the spreader of errors during algorithms. Differential analysis is not adequate to obtain a good approximation of errors affecting the results of calculation. We next determine an estimation of the loss of precision during the calculation of the intersection point of two lines, according to the angle they draw up. The third chapter presents the method CESTAC (Stochastic checking of rounding of calculaation) [vig 93] which allows to estimate the number of significant digits affecting the result of a numerical calculation. The fourth chapter deals with computer algebra, as with the rational arithmetic and specially with the utilization of software Pari in order to avoid the problems caused by large integers. The fifth chapter describes our methodology which consists to determine the precision of a calculation with the assistance of the method CESTAC and which, if the precision isn't sufficient, uses the rational arithmetic. We also amend the conditional instructions, so that the tests be executed according to the precision of each data
Japhet, Caroline. "Méthode de décomposition de domaine et conditions aux limites artificielles en mécanique des fluides: méthode Optimisée d'Orde 2." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00558701.
Full textZidani, Fethi. "Programme pour le calcul des structures hétérogènes par éléments finis mixtes." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10110.
Full textProslier, Laurent. "Sur une méthode simplifiée pour le calcul des structures tridimensionnelles en statique et en dynamique : la R.D.M. 3 d" et ses extensions." Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066406.
Full textBerlu, Pascal. "Calcul des efforts subis par les éoliennes de moyenne et forte puissance." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-17.pdf.
Full textSequeira, Nunes Antao Armando Manuel. "Analyse de la stabilité des ouvrages souterrains par une méthode cinématique régularisée." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529362.
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