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Journal articles on the topic 'Callias'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 July 2024

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1

Manenti, Leandro. "Diognetus & Callias." Revista de Estudos Filosóficos e Históricos da Antiguidade 40 (September 25, 2023): e023008. http://dx.doi.org/10.53000/cpa.v40i00.18277.

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O trabalho debate o contexto profissional da tardo-república e suas mudanças na instauração do Império a partir do olhar de Vitrúvio, arquiteto romano autor do tratado De Arquitectura, no qual, além de apresentar temas específicos da área, discute, por meio de alegorias, as mudanças no sistema de valores em marcha no seu tempo. Como objeto de análise, toma-se a narrativa sobre Diognetus e Callias, arquitetos helênicos cujo embate é retomado por Vitrúvio como representação do sistema de valores que defende. O trabalho pauta-se pela análise do texto latino, assim como de tradutores e comentadores.

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2

Badian, E. "The Peace of Callias." Journal of Hellenic Studies 107 (November 1987): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/630067.

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Less than a decade ago Robin Seager wrote that further discussion of the Peace of Callias would be inexcusable. Needless to say, discussion has continued. Wherever one stands, on the problem as such, it ought to be admitted that new ideas have been put forward, or (since it seems unlikely, on a topic so much discussed, that anything new can now be said) at least old and forgotten ones have been revived and put in new perspectives. Meiggs's estimate of a special treatment to be expected every two years has stood up well enough: Klaus Meister's bibliography lists twenty special treatments between 1945 and 1982, and one (by S. Accame) appeared in the same year (1982) as Meister's own.

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3

Bloedow, Edmund F. "The peaces of Callias." Symbolae Osloenses 67, no. 1 (January 1992): 41–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00397679208590857.

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4

Anghel, Nicolae. "Remark on Callias' index theorem." Reports on Mathematical Physics 28, no. 1 (August 1989): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-4877(89)90022-0.

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5

Beckman, Daniel. "King Artaxerxes’ Aegean Policy." Journal of Persianate Studies 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18747167-12341304.

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Ernst Badian has argued that it would have been ideologically unacceptable for the great king of Persia to submit to negotiations with Athens and to bind himself by oath to the resulting Peace of Callias. This interpretation, however, is the result of the later Greek conception of the Peace of Callias as an Athenian victory over Persia, and the Peace of Antalcidas as a Persian humiliation of Greece. In this paper, I argue that the Achaemenid kings of Persia inherited notions of kinship, empire, and diplomacy from their Neo-Assyrian predecessors, and therefore saw treaties as an honorable and legitimate tool of empire.

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6

De Simoni Milione, Vitor. "Socrate l’ autourgos tês philosophias : Remarques sur le Banquet I, 5 de Xénophon." Revue de philosophie ancienne Tome XLI, no. 2 (December 14, 2023): 213–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rpha.412.0213.

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L’objectif de cet article est d’évaluer le sens et la portée de la locution autourgous tês philosophias , qui apparaît dans le Banquet I, 5. J’espère montrer que cette locution en dit plus qu’elle n’en a l’air prima facie . Je soutiendrai que l’ensemble du passage dépasse la simple opposition entre la ( philo ) sophia gratuite de Socrate et la sophia non gratuite des sophistes, d’une part, et la richesse de Callias et la pauvreté des socratiques, d’autre part. Mon point de départ sera le prologue du Banquet , suivi d’une analyse des Mémorables I, 6, texte où l’on trouve une conception de philosophia en tant que diaita ; j’analyserai ensuite les textes du corpus xénophontien où figure le mot autourgos , lui aussi associé à la notion de diaita . Ce parcours analytique montrera qu’il y a deux visions de la philosophie en jeu dans le Banquet I, 5 : celle de Callias, qui croit que Socrate et les siens ont les âmes purifiées, mais qui, en même temps, ne comprend pas tout à fait leur pratique philosophique, et celle de Socrate qui, dans sa réplique à la provocation de Callias, lui présente de manière condensée sa vision de la philosophie.

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7

Ruijgh, C. J. "LE SPECTACLE DES LETTRES, COMÉDIE DE CALLIAS." Mnemosyne 54, no. 3 (2001): 261–339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685250150512022.

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AbstractSOMMAIRE: § 1. Les trois fragments en trimètres iambiques.-§ 2. La parodos.-§ 3. Les noms de lettres dans le Spectacle.-§ 4. Le Marcianus A représente l'abrégé en 15 livres du texte en 30 livres d'Athénée.-§ 5. L'épitomé du texte déjà abrégé; les procédés de l'Epitomator et du Breviator.- § 6. Le problème de la date du Spectacle et de l'attribution au poète comique Callias.-§ 7. La structure métrique et prosodique des trimètres du Spectacle: structure du trimètre tragique.-§ 8. Le Spectacle a la forme d'une tragédie; date: environ 435.-§ 9. Le contenu du Spectacle.-§ 10. La mention du Spectacle au livre VII (275f11-276a6).-§ 11. La version abrégée de ce texte dans l'Épitomé.-§ 12-13. La mention du Spectacle au début de la digression sur les devinettes au livre X (448b3-c3).-§ 14. Le passage sur le prologue du Spectacle (453c3-d4).-§ 15. Observations sur 453c3-9.- § 16. Observations sur 453d1-4 = Fragment I.-§ 17. Le passage sur le choeur du Spectacle (453d5-f1).-§ 18. La reconstruction de la parodos.- § 19. Observations sur 453d5-e3.-§ 20. Observations sur 453e3-6 et e11-f1.-§ 21. L'emploi de mélodies divérentes pour la strophe et l'antistrophe correspondante dans les tragédies antérieures à 431 av. J.-C., dans les comédies, dans la grande lyrique chorale et dans la lyrique monodique.-§ 22. Excursus sur les rapports entre les mélodies du chant traditionnel et les contours mélodiques du langage parlé.-§ 23. Les mélodies de la tragédie ancienne, de la lyrique chorale et de la lyrique monodique.- § 24. Les innovations radicales du dithyrambe 'moderne' adoptées par Euripide.-§ 25. Le passage de Denys d'Halicarnasse sur la subordination des paroles à la mélodie et au rythme musicaux.-§ 26. Observations sur 453e6-10. L'élision en fin de vers.-§ 27. Le passage sur l'emploi syllabique des lettres vocaliques à elles seules (453f1-454a1).-§ 28. Observations sur 453f1-5.-§ 29. Observations sur 453f6-454a1 = Fragment II.-§ 30. Le passage sur la mention des formes des lettres pour indiquer un mot (454a2-9).-§ 31. Observations sur 454a2-9 (454a5-9 = Fragment III).- § 32. Le texte de 453c2-454a9 dans l'Épitomé.-§ 33-34. Les imitations du Spectacle (454a10-455b7).-§ 35. Conclusion.

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8

Bosworth, A. B. "Plutarch, Callisthenes and the Peace of Callias." Journal of Hellenic Studies 110 (November 1990): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/631729.

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The continuing and polemical debate over the authenticity of the Peace of Callias has become so complicated that it would be a positive service to scholarship to remove some of the more contentious evidence and reduce the scope of the argument. That is the object of this article. A fragment of Callisthenes has bulked very large in the modern literature. According to the received view the Olynthian historian denied the existence of a formal peace between Athens and the Persian King and alleged that the King observed a de facto limit to his empire, never venturing west of the Chelidonian islands. For sceptics this is grist to the mill. A writer of the mid-fourth century rejected the Athenian patriotic tradition, and it is assumed that he had good reason to do so. On the other hand defenders of the authenticity of the Peace stumble over Callisthenes' apparent denial and are forced to counter-denial or to sophistry. What is common to both camps is a tendency to refer to the evidence of Callisthenes without noting that the original text is lost. The ‘fragment’ (which it is not) is preserved by Plutarch in a sophisticated passage of source criticism and due attention needs to be paid to his mode of citation. Only then can we begin to elicit what Callisthenes may have said and reconstruct the probable context in his historical exposition. As always, we need to approach the unknown through proper study of the known.

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9

Braverman, Maxim, and Simone Cecchini. "Callias-Type Operators in von Neumann Algebras." Journal of Geometric Analysis 28, no. 1 (April 18, 2017): 546–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12220-017-9832-1.

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10

Rosen, Ralph M. "Comedy and Confusion in Callias' Letter Tragedy." Classical Philology 94, no. 2 (April 1999): 147–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/449428.

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11

Anghel, N. "On the index of Callias-type operators." Geometric and Functional Analysis 3, no. 5 (September 1993): 431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01896237.

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12

Cecchini, Simone. "Callias-type operators in C∗-algebras and positive scalar curvature on noncompact manifolds." Journal of Topology and Analysis 12, no. 04 (November 16, 2018): 897–939. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793525319500687.

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A Dirac-type operator on a complete Riemannian manifold is of Callias-type if its square is a Schrödinger-type operator with a potential uniformly positive outside of a compact set. We develop the theory of Callias-type operators twisted with Hilbert [Formula: see text]-module bundles and prove an index theorem for such operators. As an application, we derive an obstruction to the existence of complete Riemannian metrics of positive scalar curvature on noncompact spin manifolds in terms of closed submanifolds of codimension one. In particular, when [Formula: see text] is a closed spin manifold, we show that if the cylinder [Formula: see text] carries a complete metric of positive scalar curvature, then the (complex) Rosenberg index on [Formula: see text] must vanish.

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13

Kottke, Chris. "A Callias-Type Index Theorem with Degenerate Potentials." Communications in Partial Differential Equations 40, no. 2 (November 14, 2014): 219–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03605302.2014.942740.

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14

Fürst, Oliver. "Trace class properties of resolvents of Callias operators." Journal of Spectral Theory 13, no. 2 (October 7, 2023): 525–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4171/jst/451.

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15

Braverman, Maxim, and Pengshuai Shi. "Cobordism invariance of the index of Callias-type operators." Communications in Partial Differential Equations 41, no. 8 (April 27, 2016): 1183–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03605302.2016.1183214.

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16

Kottke, Chris. "An index theorem of Callias type for pseudodifferential operators." Journal of K-theory 8, no. 3 (January 19, 2011): 387–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/is010011014jkt132.

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AbstractWe prove an index theorem for families of pseudodifferential operators generalizing those studied by C. Callias, N. Anghel and others. Specifically, we consider operators on a manifold with boundary equipped with an asymptotically conic (scattering) metric, which have the form D + iΦ, where D is elliptic pseudodifferential with Hermitian symbols, and Φ is a Hermitian bundle endomorphism which is invertible at the boundary and commutes with the symbol of D there. The index of such operators is completely determined by the symbolic data over the boundary. We use the scattering calculus of R. Melrose in order to prove our results using methods of topological K-theory, and we devote special attention to the case in which D is a family of Dirac operators, in which case our theorem specializes to give family versions of the previously known index formulas.

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17

Cox, Cheryl Anne. "Hipponicus‘ Trapeza: humour in Andocides 1.130–1." Classical Quarterly 46, no. 2 (December 1996): 572–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cq/46.2.572.

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Andocides is generally not considered one of the best orators. To point up his flawed style, scholars have discussed a notoriously vindictive and humorous section in Andocides 1: in 124ff. Andocides describes the profligate lifestyle of his prosecutor, Callias III the Ceryx, the son of Hipponicus II and dadouchos of the Eleusinian Mysteries.

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18

Råde, Johan. "Callias' index theorem, elliptic boundary conditions, and cutting and gluing." Communications in Mathematical Physics 161, no. 1 (March 1994): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02099412.

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19

GUO, HAO. "POSITIVE SCALAR CURVATURE AND CALLIAS-TYPE INDEX THEOREMS FOR PROPER ACTIONS." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 99, no. 2 (January 7, 2019): 342–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972718001338.

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20

Pontier, Pierre. "Socrate dans la maison de Callias : du bon usage de l’ambition." Études platoniciennes, no. 6 (November 1, 2009): 125–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/etudesplatoniciennes.769.

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21

Bunke, Ulrich. "A K-theoretic relative index theorem and Callias-type Dirac operators." Mathematische Annalen 303, no. 1 (September 1995): 241–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01460989.

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22

Shi, Pengshuai. "The index of Callias-type operators with Atiyah–Patodi–Singer boundary conditions." Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry 52, no. 4 (September 6, 2017): 465–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10455-017-9575-z.

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23

Guo, Hao, Peter Hochs, and Varghese Mathai. "Positive scalar curvature and an equivariant Callias-type index theorem for proper actions." Annals of K-Theory 6, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 319–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/akt.2021.6.319.

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24

Braverman, Maxim. "An index of strongly Callias operators on Lorentzian manifolds with non-compact boundary." Mathematische Zeitschrift 294, no. 1-2 (March 12, 2019): 229–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00209-019-02270-4.

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25

Braverman, Maxim, and Pengshuai Shi. "The Index of a Local Boundary Value Problem for Strongly Callias-Type Operators." Arnold Mathematical Journal 5, no. 1 (March 2019): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40598-019-00110-1.

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26

Rojcewicz, Christine. "Socrates’ kατάβασις and the Sophistic Shades: Education and Democracy." PLATO JOURNAL 24 (May 31, 2023): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2183-4105_24_4.

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This article addresses the unusually elaborate dramatic context in Plato’s Protagoras and effect of sophistry on democratic Athens. Because Socrates evokes Odysseus’ κατάβασις in the Odyssey to describe the sophists in Callias’ house (314c-316b), I propose that Socrates depicts the sophists as bodiless shades residing in Hades. Like the shades dwelling in Hades with no connection to embodied humans on Earth, the sophists in the Protagoras are non-Athenians with no consideration for the democratic body of the Athenian πόλις. I conclude that sophistry can be detrimental to Athenian democracy because it can produce education inequality founded on wealth inequality.

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27

Pastan, Elizabeth. "Les vitraux de Haute-Normandie. Martine Callias Bey , Véronique Chaussé , Françoise Gatouillat , Michel Hérold." Speculum 78, no. 4 (October 2003): 1263–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0038713400100624.

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28

Hammond, N. G. L. "Philip's Letter to Athens in 340 B.C." Antichthon 27 (November 1993): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066477400000757.

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Since the important work of Pohlenz and Wüst there has been general agreement that Philip's Letter, preserved in the Demosthenic Corpus as [D.] 12, contains authentic material. But controversy continues on some points, and this article attempts to deal with them.In his text Griffith wrote of the Letter as if it was an authentic document (e.g. 567) but raised his own serious doubts (553), especially in an Appendix entitled ‘Afterthoughts on the Letter of Philip’ (714-16). His chief doubt was about the exploit of Callias, the leading politician at Chalcis in Euboea, then in alliance with Athens, who was said, in Griffith's translation, to have ‘captured all the inhabited cities on the Gulf of Pagasae’.

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29

Sonnino, Maurizio. "Short Notes on Two Comic Fragments (Callias fr. 18 K.-A.; Theopompus Comicus fr. 64 K.-A.)." Phoenix 53, no. 3/4 (1999): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1088990.

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30

Smith, Joseph A. "Clearing Up Some Confusion in Callias’ Alphabet Tragedy: How to Read Sophocles Oedipus Tyrannus 332–33 et al." Classical Philology 98, no. 4 (October 2003): 313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/422369.

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31

Lukhtanov, Vladimir, Andrei Sourakov, Valentin Tikhonov, and Evgeny Zakharov. "Taxonomic Rearrangement of the Erebia tyndarus Species Group (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) Based on an Analysis of COI Barcodes, Morphology, and Geographic Distribution." Folia Biologica 67, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3409/fb_67-4.15.

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Despite numerous attempts to reveal the phylogenetic position and taxonomic status of formally described entities, a large number of unresolved taxonomic problems still persist in the E. tyndarus group, mostly due to incomplete species and population sampling, especially in the eastern part of the group's distribution. Here, we provide a COI barcode study based on essentially improved sampling of the taxa and populations from the Caucasus, including for the first time, data on one of the key taxa in this complex, Erebia iranica, described from the Demavend volcano in Iran. We also analyze the structure of valve in male genitalia and the geographic distribution of the taxa. Our analysis does not confirm the close relatedness and conspecifity of the taxa known in current literature as "E. iranica iranica" (North Iran) and "E. iranica sheljuzhkoi" (Great Caucasus). Instead, the obtained data indicates the need for the taxonomic reorganization of the E. iranica complex and its division into two species: monotypic E. sheljuzhkoi (Great Caucasus) and polytypic E. iranica with subspecies E. iranica iranica (North Iran), E. iranica dromulus (Turkey, Ararat Mt.), E. iranica transcaucasica (Lesser Caucasus), and E. iranica graucasica (Great Caucasus). In addition, our data do not support the recently proposed splitting of E. callias and E. cassioides into multiple allopatric species.

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32

Pascual-Martin, Àngel. "Likeness of an Athenian tyrannical son. Young Hipocrates in Plato's Protagoras." Hypothekai 8 (May 2024): 14–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32880/2587-7127-2024-8-8-14-35.

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The Socratic narration in Plato's Protagoras begins with the appearance of a young man. Early in the morning, a boy who had just learned that the sophist from Abdera is in town and who is yearning to meet him, goes to Socrates to request his accompanying. It is for this young man, and thanks to him, that Socrates, after a careful examination, decides to attend the gathering at Callias' house to converse with Protagoras. According to the narrative, the boy is the true catalyst for Socrates' attention and dedication to the sophist and, consequently, the real promoter and instigator of the dialogue. This paper mainly aims at shedding some light on the ethos and psychology of this young man named Hippocrates. Far from the picture often presented of him, merely of an innocent and helpless young man exposed at the dangers of the sophists’ teachings, this work stresses the boldness and excitement of a passionate and impulsive fellow whose irrationality is a potential threat not only for himself, but especially for those surrounding. In addition to the analysis of his ethos and psychology, the paper opens discussing to what extent and in what sense Hippocrates may be considered an associate of Socrates, and ends up speculating, relying on the Protagoras, about the possible causes that brought to the corruption of the souls of youth’s as such.

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33

Huffman, Carl. "PYTHAGORAS AND ISIS." Classical Quarterly 69, no. 2 (October 23, 2019): 880–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838819000727.

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In this article I want to clarify the text of one of the short maxims assigned to Pythagoras in the ancient tradition, which are known as symbola or acusmata. Before I turn to the acusma in question, it is important to understand the context in which it appears. It occurs in Chapter 17 of Book 4 of Aelian's Historical Miscellany (ποικίλη ἱστορία). Aelian's work was written in the early third century a.d. in Rome, and is a ‘miscellaneous collection of anecdotes and historical material’. It consists of short chapters, usually a page or less long, that are for the most part independent of one another. Chapter 17 of Book 4 is about a page long and is devoted to the sayings and doings of Pythagoras. There is no particular connection between it and the surrounding chapters, and it is clearly meant to stand on its own. The preceding chapter (16) tells us that if we went to Callias for guidance he would turn us into drinkers, … if to Alcibiades, arrogant cheats, if to Demosthenes, orators, … if to Aristides, just men, … if to Socrates, wise men. The following chapter (18) recounts an anecdote about Plato's arrival in Sicily and his reception by the tyrant Dionysius the Younger. The chapter that I am concerned with, Chapter 17, begins by asserting that Pythagoras taught that his ‘lineage was superior to that of ordinary mortals’. This is followed by a list of superhuman acts and traits of Pythagoras, for example his ability to be in Metapontum and Croton at the same time and his golden thigh. The second two-thirds of the chapter are then devoted to the miscellaneous teachings of Pythagoras. Most of these take the form of the brief taboos and maxims known elsewhere as symbola or acusmata, among which is the text on which I want to focus here.

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34

Gómez-Pantoja, Joaquín. "Occvltvs callis." Mélanges de la Casa de Velázquez 30, no. 1 (1994): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/casa.1994.2681.

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35

JELLINEK, G. "Callas-- Again?" Opera Quarterly 15, no. 2 (January 1, 1999): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oq/15.2.186.

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36

Wulff, Hans J. "CALLAS ASSOLUTA." Kieler Beiträge zur Filmmusikforschung 2 (July 27, 2023): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.59056/kbzf.2008.2.p150-155.

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37

Hobden, Fiona. "Reading Xenophon's Symposium." Ramus 34, no. 2 (2005): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0048671x00000965.

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In just over a decade, interest in Xenophon'sSymposiumhas risen dramatically. No longer the poor relation to its author's more popular Socratic works or to Plato's dialogue of the same name, it now merits scholarly attention on a regular basis. However, despite an increased sensitivity to the author's literary and philosophical strategies, modern readings of the text are informed above all by the presence of Socrates. Because the philosopher is assumed to be Xenophon's primary interest, theSymposiumis viewed as an apology for the radical philosopher or a promotion of his ideas and methods. This perception derives in part from an old-fashioned dismissal of Xenophon as a poor man's Plato, intellectually incapable of anything more than biography. But it also relates to the work's longstanding association with Xenophon's other Socratic works, namely theApology, Memorabilia, andOeconomicus. Since scholarship on Xenophon began, the four texts have been treated as a unit, bound in purpose by their depiction of Socrates. However, although the philosopher certainly features prominently in these four texts, each work is structurally distinct. In theApology, the narrator invites Hermogenes to replay his final conversation with Socrates and to describe the philosopher's performance in court, in order to correct inadequate understandings of Socrates' choice of death over life. By contrast, theMemorabiliadepicts Socrates in extended disputation with many interlocutors on a wide variety of subjects as he seeks to lead them towards virtue and, in the narrator's opinion, demonstrates himself to bekalos kagathos(literally ‘beautiful and good’). Then again, theOeconomicusrecords two exchanges, one between Socrates and Critoboulus and another between Socrates and Ischomachus, and juxtaposes their arguments one against the other. And finally, theSymposiumlocates Socrates within a livelysymposion(drinking party) at the house of Callias, son of Hipponicus, in Athens during 422 BCE. Here, the philosopher often directs the conversation. However, his drinking companions also participate freely in the performances and conversations that take place. In short, Xenophon's four Socratic texts all have their own dramatic contexts and conceits, with different structures and ambitions, and different roles for Socrates. Yet even amongst them, theSymposium'sdramatic staging of a vibrant and variedsymposionparticularly stands out.

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38

Galo, Gary A., and Michael Scott. "Maria Meneghini Callas." Notes 50, no. 4 (June 1994): 1447. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/898344.

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39

GREEN, L. "Callas and Lucia." Opera Quarterly 14, no. 3 (January 1, 1998): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oq/14.3.65.

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40

Harris, Kenn. "The Incomparable Callas." Opera Quarterly 6, no. 2 (1988): 131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oq/6.2.131.

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41

Graeme, Roland. "Maria Callas: Rarities." Opera Quarterly 10, no. 1 (1993): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oq/10.1.153.

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42

Green, London. "Callas First and Last." Opera Quarterly 3, no. 4 (1985): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oq/3.4.94.

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43

Thomas, Christopher J. "Two Valuable Callas Reissues." Opera Quarterly 4, no. 4 (1986): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oq/4.4.108.

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BURROUGHS, BRUCE. "Maria Callas:“Yes, but...”." Opera Quarterly 6, no. 4 (1989): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oq/6.4.1.

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hUanacháin, Mícheál Ó. "Ag Éisteacht le Callas." Comhar 66, no. 5 (2006): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25575449.

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Seletsky, R. E. "A Callas Recording Update." Opera Quarterly 21, no. 2 (April 1, 2005): 387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oq/kbi024.

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47

Renanda Agustinah, Ruhannah. "ANALISIS TEKNIK MELISMA MARIA CALLAS PADA LAGU SEMPRE LIBERA KARYA GIUSEPPE VERDI." Repertoar Journal 2, no. 2 (April 12, 2022): 206–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/rj.v2n2.p206-220.

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Abstract:

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis teknik melisma Maria Callas pada lagu Sempre Libera. Pada lagu Sempre Libera terdapat teknik melisma harus dinyanyikan bersama coloratura dan gaya belcanto. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah lagu Sempre Libera karya Giuseppe Verdi. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Maria Callas menerapkan teknik melisma dengan pengolahan pernapasan dan penataan pada tiap frasering notasinya. Callas menyanyikan melisma tesebut dengan beberapa trik nyanyiannya atau penambahan improvisasi seperti notasi yang dihilangkan, penambahan notasi pada bagian tertentu dan teknik dan dinamika yang diubahnya sehingga membuat beberapa nyanyian Callas tidak sesuai dengan partitur yang tertulis. Kata kunci: analisis, teknik melisma, sempre libera, Maria Callas

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Kim, Haesoo, HaeEun Kim, Juho Kim, and Jeong-woo Jang. "When Does it Become Harassment?" Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CSCW2 (November 7, 2022): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3555575.

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Abstract:

Calling out, a phenomenon where people publicly broadcast their critiques of someone to a larger audience using, has become increasingly common on social media. However, there has been concerns that it could develop into harassment, deteriorating the quality of public discourse by over-punishing individuals for minor transgressions. To investigate this phenomenon, we interviewed 32 Twitter users who had been called out, had called out, or had witnessed a calling out on Twitter. We found that a key determining factor that distinguishes criticism from harassment was the callee's ability to respond to or engage with the criticism, and that different stakeholders hold different perspectives toward how online harassment is defined. We also discovered that the distinction between callers and callees was not absolute, and that there was high interchangeability of roles both within and across events. Through these findings, we discuss design implications for the platform in promoting healthy discourse while preventing toxic behavior on social media.

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Berthod, Bernard. "Les croix canoniales d’Armand Calliat." Bulletin des musées et monuments lyonnais 1993, no. 3 (1993): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bmml.1993.1698.

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Nevenka, Sonya, and David A. Lowe. "Callas, as They Saw Her." Notes 43, no. 4 (June 1987): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/898165.

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