Books on the topic 'Callana Group'
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1
Baulieu, Laurent, John Iliopoulos, and Roland Sénéor. Some Consequences of the Renormalisation Group. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788393.003.0019.
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The use of the renormalisation group and the Callan–Symanzik equations in the study of the asymptotic behaviour of Green functions. The stability properties of a Lagrangian field theory. The phenomenon of dimensional transmutation.
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Anderson, Luvell. Calling, Addressing, and Appropriation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758655.003.0002.
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What explains the difference in black and non-black use of the n-word? In the mouths of black speakers the n-word can take on friendly, or at least benign significance. This chapter will be concerned with providing an explanation. First, it will present three accounts—i.e., the Ambiguity thesis, an Expressivist account, and an Echoic account, ultimately arguing that none of them is satisfactory. Next, it introduces the concepts of a speech community and a community of practice and explicates their roles in in-group uses. It concludes with a distinction between calling and addressing, introduced by Geneva Smitherman, to explain the specific illocutionary act undertaken by in-group members that allows for endearing or neutral uses of slurs and argues that membership in the relevant community of practice licenses one to access the relevant illocution.
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Rubio-Marín, Ruth. Women’s Participation in the Public Domain Under Human Rights Law: Towards a Participatory Equality Paradigm Shift. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829621.003.0003.
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This chapter explores how human rights law has contributed to the shift towards participatory gender equality by legitimating the adoption of quotas and parity mechanisms to ensure women’s equal participation in decision-making. Since the adoption of CEDAW, human rights law has moved away from formal equality notions that simply affirm women’s equal political rights. Instead, we see growing endorsement of substantive equality doctrines that validate the adoption of gender quotas, initially as temporary special measures to ensure women equal opportunities, and, more recently, as permanent measures targeting the gender-balanced composition of an ever-expanding range of public and private governance bodies. The chapter explores how human rights law connects this participatory turn to issues of pluralism, calling attention to the need for public bodies to represent the full diversity of the population, and calling on state parties to increase the participation of women from ethnic minorities, indigenous groups, and religious minorities.
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French, Derek, Stephen W. Mayson, and Christopher L. Ryan. 9. Accounts. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198778301.003.0009.
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This chapter discusses the requirements calling for directors of a company to prepare accounts once a year, to be presented to the company’s members and filed at Companies House (unless the company is unlimited). The technical rules on the preparation of financial statements are explained. The role of the Financial Reporting Council as the regulator for accountancy, auditing, and financial reporting is also considered. The chapter outlines the accounting requirements, in which every company must keep reasonably accurate accounting records of all financial transactions, from which the directors must prepare annual accounts for each of the company’s financial years. The requirements for group accounts and the procedures for revising accounts that are found to be erroneous are examined as well. The chapter considers a particularly significant case: Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605.
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Fye, W. Bruce. Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Stimulates the Growth of Angiography. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199982356.003.0015.
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Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), reported by Cleveland Clinic surgeon René Favaloro in 1969, represented a new approach to treating angina pectoris that involved operating directly on a diseased coronary artery. The strategy involved inserting a vein segment between the aorta and a coronary artery. This bypass graft carried blood to heart muscle that would normally have been supplied by a blocked coronary artery. CABG caught on quickly because it seemed to improve angina in a significant percentage of patients and produced income for surgeons and hospitals. But controversy surrounded the value of the operation, and Mayo heart specialists joined others in calling for controlled clinical trials to evaluate it. The Cleveland Clinic group initially resisted trials, claiming that their institutional experience proved that the operation was beneficial. In less than a decade, coronary bypass surgery was associated with a total annual cost of about $1 billion in America.
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Gordon, Gregory S. The Birth of Atrocity Speech Law Part 2. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190612689.003.0005.
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By the second half of the 1990s, the ad hoc tribunals started issuing judgments and providing invaluable insights into the relevant offenses. Regarding incitement, the foundational cases of Prosecutor v. Akayesu (1998) and Prosecutor v. Nahimana (the so-called Media Case) (2003) laid out the essential elements of the crime: (1) direct; (2) public; (3) incitement; and (4) mens rea. The jurisprudence clarified that persecution applied to a wide range of discriminatory actions, including use of hate speech perpetrated against a victim group when it effects a deprivation of fundamental rights. Building on this, an ICTR Trial Chamber in Prosecutor v. Ruggiu (2000) established that hate speech not calling for violence could qualify as persecution. Finally, jurisprudence also developed around the crimes of instigation (violence advocacy resulting in violence, wherein the advocacy made a contribution), and the comparable crime of ordering (instigation plus a superior-subordinate relationship between the speaker and listener).
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Morales, Harold D. The 9/11 Factor. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190852603.003.0005.
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In contrast to self-produced media like reversion stories, chapter 4 documents and assesses journalistic representations of Latino Muslims. In a post-9/11 media context, Latino Muslims received increased attention from journalists. It argues that these news stories have, however, reductively focused on “conversion” at the expense of more complex and diverse representations. Although much of this coverage has been reductive, it has generally not been overtly negative. An exception to this pattern is Spanish language news media, which has represented Latino Muslims in negative ways that echo the form but not the function of broader sets of orientalist images. Latino Muslims have responded by calling for boycotts and writing petitions to end the defamation of their identity group. The chapter argues that some of their responses are more reasonable than others and that they will require much broader support if these are to make any positive contributions to public discourse.
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Fiedler, Lutz. Matzpen. Translated by Jake Schneider. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474451161.001.0001.
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This book explores the history of the Israeli Socialist Organization – Matzpen (compass) – that splintered off from the Communist Party of Israel in 1962. After the Six Day War of June 1967, Matzpen shook Israeli society, calling for a withdrawal from the recently occupied territories, and placing itself outside the national consensus. Even before the war, the group emphasised the colonial dimension of the conflict between Israeli Jews and Palestinian Arabs, which was irresolvable within the paradigm of the nation-state. Matzpen instead advocated for Israel’s de-Zionisation and a socialist revolution in the Middle East in order to both restore the rights of Palestinian Arabs and guarantee the existence of Israeli Jews as a new Hebrew nation. However, in the era after Auschwitz, when the Jewish world stood in almost unanimous solidarity with the Jewish state, Matzpen’s radical perspective was at odds with the history and memory of the Holocaust. Against this backdrop, this study places Matzpen’s political stance in its historical context and sheds new light on the political culture of Israel.
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De-liberating Work. Teseo, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55778/ts911693079.
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<p>Has the time come for a thorough recomposition of working conditions? The health crisis and the successive measures to deal with it highlight the role of social, spatial, and temporal boundaries in the organisation of the economy, calling into question the functioning of democratic systems. The depth of inequality is now blatantly apparent, but also the vital importance of certain jobs that are often undervalued. Although the picture is bleak, the experiences of labour transformation help to focus the attention on what is most important: a real liberation of work that requires a collective framework, and the possibility of regularly deliberating and even intervening in the governance of organisations. Lucid in diagnosing what is real and ambitious in declaring what is desirable: this is the stance adopted by this collective book, which stems from the conviction that scientific rigour can be used to transform reality. This view also characterises the practice of the Groupe d’études sur le travail et la santé au travail (Gestes), a Scientific Interest Group (GIS) supported by the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS). Affirming this need to de-liberate work, while considering the ambivalences and uncertainties that surround such a project of economic and social transformation, this work brings together twenty contributions from a variety of disciplinary, theoretical and methodological perspectives.</p><p>The first part of the book deals with the effects of the new ways of organising time at work, especially for women. The second part explores the content of work, highlighting the links between employment and working conditions, particularly their effect on the boundary separating work and non-work. The third part discusses “alternative” forms of work organisation, considered more open to employee expression, and questions their scope. The fourth part shifts the attention from organisations to the legal or managerial mechanisms meant to encourage deliberation about work.</p>
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Nason-Clark, Nancy, Barbara Fisher-Townsend, Catherine Holtmann, and Stephen McMullin. Abusers. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190607210.003.0003.
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Focusing on data collected from interviews and focus groups with men who have acted abusively, this chapter tells the story of men’s lives by reflecting on their childhood, trouble with the law, altercations with family and friends, and their early days of intimacy. Most men who batter do not believe they are violent. This chapter focuses on how religious beliefs and practices intersect with, and impact, the experience of controlling, abusive behavior. The contours of how men talk about their experience of interacting with the criminal justice system and other intervention services in the aftermath of their own violence toward an intimate are discussed. Also, issues such as vulnerability, entitlement, and resiliency are discussed, and explicitly spiritual factors such as guilt, remorse, uncertainty, forgiveness, and accountability are considered. The role pastors and other spiritual leaders can play in calling men who abuse to change thinking and change behavior is discussed.
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Porter, Janet, and Rosalie Hilde. Challenges and Opportunities. Edited by Regine Bendl, Inge Bleijenbergh, Elina Henttonen, and Albert J. Mills. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199679805.013.8.
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For years, diversity scholars have been calling for more empirical studies that specifically show how linguistic and non-linguistic practices produce asymmetrical differences between and among social groups. To that end, we show that textual analysis methodologies can provide situational, contextual, and empirical research that demonstrates practices and productions of these differences in organizations and workplaces. We further provide researchers with two overlooked approaches of textual analysis methodology that add a multi-level organizational dimension to studying the production of these differences—critical sensemaking and discourse theory. By establishing and maintaining contextual relevance and casting organization as socially constructed on multiple levels, these two approaches help point to systemic-wide strategies for addressing critical organizational, institutional and societal diversity issues such as discrimination or harassment. This chapter will be useful for the diversity researcher who studies linguistic and non-linguistic practices in organizational, institutional, and social formations.
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Patton, David F. Annus Mirabilis: 1989 and German Unification. Edited by Helmut Walser Smith. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199237395.013.0033.
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This article focuses on the wonder years enjoyed by Germany in 1989 that followed the great German unification. In 1989–1990, the two Germanies underwent a series of remarkable changes that would signal the end of the postwar division of Europe. East Germans peacefully toppled the hard-line Socialist Unity Party that had ruled with an iron fist for forty years. This article traces the revolutions that raged East Germany and its effects on the other part of the country. East Germany witnessed mass exodus resulting in labor shortages and other such problems. As East Germans fled in the summer of 1989, pro-democracy activists formed civic groups calling for reform. This article also explains the involvement of the two states in bringing down the iron curtain and unifying Germany. This article also explains the form of chancellor democracy, new economy that came to dominate the new found Germany.
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Pilkey, Orrin H., Norma J. Longo, William J. Neal, Nelson G. Rangel-Buitrago, Keith C. Pilkey, and Hannah L. Hayes. Vanishing Sands. Duke University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478023432.
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In a time of accelerating sea level rise and increasingly intensifying storms, the world’s sandy beaches and dunes have never been more crucial to protecting coastal environments. Yet, in order to meet the demands of large-scale construction projects, sand mining is stripping beaches and dunes, destroying environments, and exploiting labor in the process. The authors of Vanishing Sands track the devastating impact of legal and illegal sand mining over the past twenty years, ranging from Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean to South America and the eastern United States. They show how sand mining has reached crisis levels: beach, dune, and river ecosystems are in danger of being lost forever, while organized crime groups use deadly force to protect their illegal mining operations. Calling for immediate and widespread resistance to sand mining, the authors demonstrate that its cessation is paramount for not only saving beaches, dunes, and associated environments but also lives and tourism economies everywhere.
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Givens, Terryl, and Brian Hauglid. The Pearl of Greatest Price. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190603861.001.0001.
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This book narrates the history of Mormonism’s fourth volume of scripture, canonized in 1880. The book tracks this work’s predecessors, describes its several components, and assesses their theological significance in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Four principal parts are discussed, along with the controversies associated with each. The Book of Moses purports to be a Mosaic narrative missing from the biblical version of Moses’s purported writings. Little noticed in the scholarship on Mormonism, these chapters, produced only months after the Book of Mormon was published, actually contain almost all of Mormonism’s core doctrines as well as a virtual template for the project of Restoration Joseph Smith was to effect. Most controversial of all is the Book of Abraham, a production that arose out of a group of papyri Smith acquired, along with four mummies, in 1835. Most of the papyri disappeared in the great Chicago fire of 1871, but the surviving fragments come from Egyptian documents. That fact and the translations Smith attempted to make from the hieroglyphs on the surviving vignettes have convinced most Egyptologists that Smith’s work was fraudulent or inept. Mormon scholars, however, have developed several frameworks for vindicating its inspiration and his calling as a prophet. Chapter 3 attempts to make sense of Smith’s several, at times divergent, accounts of his First Vision, one of which is canonized as scripture. Chapter 4 assesses the creedal nature of Smith’s “Articles of Faith” in the context of his professed anticreedalism.
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LaRocca, David, ed. Metacinema. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190095345.001.0001.
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When a work of art shows an interest in its own status as a work of art—either by reference to itself or to other works—we have become accustomed to calling this move “meta.” While scholars and critics have, for decades, referred to reflexivity in films, it is only here, for the first time, that a group of leading and emerging film theorists joins to directly and systematically address with clarity and rigor the meanings and implications of the meta for cinema. In ten new essays and a selection of vital canonical works, contributors chart, explore, and advance the ways in which metacinema is at once a mode of filmmaking and a heuristic for studying cinematic attributes. What we have here, then, is not just an engagement with certain practices and concepts in widespread use in the movies (from Hollywood to global cinema, from documentary to the experimental and avant-garde), but also the development of a veritable and vital new genre of film studies. Since metacinema has become an increasingly prominent cultural phenomenon—a kind of art and logic familiar to everyday experience around the world—its abundance and pervasiveness draws our attention. With more and more films expressing reflexivity, recursion, reference to other films, mise en abîme, seriality, and exhibiting related intertextual traits, the time is overdue for the kind of capacious yet nuanced critical study now in hand.
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Fuentecilla, Jose V. Down with Rhetoric! University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037580.003.0008.
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This chapter details the growing frustration of political exiles and opposition groups in the Philippines. In 1978, the KBL party had won control of the new legislature, and Imelda Marcos had been appointed to the cabinet. At the end of 1979, Marcos would call for nationwide elections for governors and mayors. His KBL candidates were expected to sweep the field (which they ultimately did). During a meeting of the Movement for a Free Philippines in San Francisco in September 1979, the members were in a combative mood. Was there no stopping the man? Where was the light at the end of this long, dark tunnel, which was already six years in the making? They had received reports that the moderate opposition in the Philippines was likewise frustrated and angry, and even—surprisingly—calling for violence. These were not the radical leftists who had always endorsed aggressive means and followed their convictions by joining the militant National Democratic Front and its military arm, the New People's Army, in the hills. The moderate voices who were now advocating for a shift in tactics reasoned that peaceful means had gotten them nowhere, and that the dictatorship was as entrenched as ever. It was time to take up arms.
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Fung, Courtney J. China and Intervention at the UN Security Council. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842743.001.0001.
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What explains China’s response to intervention at the UN Security Council? China and Intervention at the UN Security Council argues that status is an overlooked determinant in understanding its decisions, even in the apex cases that are shadowed by a public discourse calling for regime change in Sudan, Libya, and Syria. The book posits that China reconciles its status dilemma as it weighs decisions to intervene: seeking recognition from both its intervention peer groups of great powers and developing states. Understanding the impact and scope conditions of status answers why China has taken certain positions regarding intervention and how these positions were justified. Foreign policy behavior that complies with status, and related social factors like self-image and identity, can at times mean that China selects policy options bearing material costs. China and Intervention at the UN Security Council offers a rich study of Chinese foreign policy, going beyond works available in breadth and in depth. It draws on an extensive collection of data, including over 200 interviews with UN officials and Chinese foreign policy elites, participant observation at UN Headquarters and a dataset of Chinese-language analysis regarding regime change and intervention. The book concludes with new perspectives on the malleability of China’s core interests, insights about the application of status for cooperation, and the implications of the status dilemma for rising powers.
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Jacquet, Jennifer. Guilt and Shame in U.S. Climate Change Communication. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.575.
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Some of the major misconceptions in the United States about climate change—such as the focus on scientific uncertainty, the “debate” over whether climate change is caused by humans, and pushback about how severe the consequences might be—can be seen as communications battles. An interesting area within communications is the contrasting use of guilt and shame for climate-related issues. Guilt and shame are social emotions (along with embarrassment, pride, and others), but guilt and shame are also distinct tools. On the one hand, guilt regulates personal behavior, and because it requires a conscience, guilt can be used only against individuals. Shame, on the other hand, can be used against both individuals and groups by calling their behavior out to an audience. Shaming allows citizens to express criticism and social sanctions, attempting to change behavior through social pressure, often because the formal legal system is not holding transgressors accountable. Through the use of guilt and shame we can see manifestations of how we perceive the problem of climate change and who is responsible for it. For instance, in October 2008, Chevron, one of the world’s largest fossil fuel companies, placed advertisements around Washington, DC, public transit stops featuring wholesome-looking, human faces with captions such as “I will unplug things more,” “I will use less energy,” and “I will take my golf clubs out of the trunk.” Six months later, DC activists reworked the slogans by adding to each the phrase “while Chevron pollutes.” This case of corporate advertising and subsequent “adbusting” illustrates the contrast between guilt and shame in climate change communication. Guilt has tended to align with the individualization of responsibility for climate change and has been primarily deployed over issues of climate-related consumption rather than other forms of behavior, such as failure to engage politically. Shame has been used, largely by civil society groups, as a primary tactic against fossil fuel producers, peddlers of climate denial, and industry-backed politicians.
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Hickey, Sam, and Naomi Hossain, eds. The Politics of Education in Developing Countries. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198835684.001.0001.
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This book examines the politics of the learning crisis in the global South, where learning outcomes have stagnated or worsened, despite progress towards Universal Primary Education since the 1990s. Comparative analysis of education reform in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Ghana, Rwanda, South Africa, and Uganda highlights systemic failure on the frontline of education service delivery, driven by deeper crises of policymaking and implementation: few governments try to raise educational standards with any conviction, and education bureaucracies are unable to deliver even those learning reforms that get through the policy process. Introductory chapters develop a theoretical framework within which to examine the critical features of the politics of education. Case study chapters demonstrate that political settlements, or the balance of power between contending social groups, shape the extent to which elites commit to adopting and implementing reforms aimed at improving learning outcomes, and the nature this influence takes. Informal politics and power relations can generate incentives that undermine rather than support elite commitment to development, politicizing the provision of education. Tracing reform processes from their policy origins down to the frontline, it seems that successful schools emerged as localized solutions to specific solutions, often against the grain of dysfunctional sectoral arrangements and the national-level political settlement, but with local political backing. The book concludes with discussion of the need for more politically attuned approaches that focus on building coalitions for change and supporting ‘best-fit’ types of problem-solving fixes, rather than calling for systemic change.
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Calvert, Julia. The Politics of Investment Treaties in Latin America. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198870890.001.0001.
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Abstract International investment law is at a crossroads. Civil society groups, prominent think tanks, and international organizations are calling for widespread reform. At the centre of controversy are international investment agreements (IIAs) and investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS). Over 1,000 legal claims have been brought by foreign investors under IIAs since the mid-1990s, resulting in multimillion-dollar fines imposed against governments for policies related to the environment, natural resource governance, and access to basic services among other areas of public concern. Governments targeted by investor claims are pursuing a variety of reforms that range from the incremental to paradigm-shifting. These different responses raise important questions about the politics of infringement and reform. Why do governments infringe on IIAs despite the costs of doing so? Why do some governments heavily targeted by investor claims pursue more substantive reforms than others? This book provides a timely examination of infringement and reform in Latin America, where governments felt the sting of investor claims sooner and with greater frequency than in other regions. It focuses on Peru, Argentina, and Ecuador, countries that responded very differently to waves of investor claims. Based on interviews with government officials and international lawyers, as well as an extensive analysis of legal transcripts, detailed case study chapters examine the conditions that prompted investor claims and the factors that inform countries’ reform agendas. In doing so, the book illustrates the conditions under which IIAs constrain state behaviour and how different belief systems produce different responses to external pressures for treaty compliance.