Academic literature on the topic 'Califes – Histoire'
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Journal articles on the topic "Califes – Histoire"
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Richarté, Catherine. "La mer des califes. Une histoire de la Méditerranée musulmane (viie-xiie siècle), written by Christophe Picard." Studia Islamica 110, no. 2 (October 19, 2015): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19585705-12341327.
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Morhange, Christophe. "M. BALLARD et C. PICARD, La Méditerranée au Moyen Âge. Les Hommes et la mer et C. PICARD, La mer des califes. Une histoire de la Méditerranée musulmane." Méditerranée, no. 123 (December 20, 2014): 150–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/mediterranee.7531.
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Michienzi, Ingrid Houssaye. "Christophe Picard La mer des califes. Une histoire de la Méditerranée musulmane (viie-xiie siècle) Paris, Éd. du Seuil, 2015, 439 p." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 76, no. 2 (June 2021): 385–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ahss.2021.97.
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Sabourin, Lise. "Gérard de Nerval, Le Harem, suivi de Histoire du calife Hakem." Studi Francesi, no. 181 (LXI | I) (March 1, 2017): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/studifrancesi.6891.
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Barraza Ibarra, Jorge. "Breve historia de los caballeros templarios." Entorno, no. 15 (September 1, 2000): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/entorno.v0i15.7855.
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En el siglo XI era una costumbre arraigada las peregrinaciones a los lugares sagrados, especialmente Roma, Santiago de Compostela y los santos lugares en Jerusalén.
En esos años Tierra Santa se encontraba bajo el dominio de los califas abbasies de Bagdad que, a pesar de profesar la religión del islam no tuvieron inconvenientes en respetar y favorecer las peregrinaciones cristianas a sus dominios por los significativos ingresos que éstas representaban.
A mediados del siglo los belicosos e intolerantes turcos selyúcidas, una dinastía que no conservó la apertura y tolerancia de la religión islámica, se apoderó de toda la región. Este hecho sirvió para desatar una serie de guerras religiosas cuyo propósito visible era el rescate de los lugares santos para la cristiandad.
En el fondo las verdaderas causas de las Cruzadas fueron económicas, sociales y políticas; las motivaciones religiosas no fueron más que un pretexto para lanzar a miles de creyentes a una aventura sin sentido.
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Canto García, Alberto, and Isabel Rodríguez Casanova. "Nuevos datos acerca de la inscripción califal atribuída al Castillo de Baños de la Encina (Jaén)." Arqueología y Territorio Medieval 13, no. 2 (December 30, 2006): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17561/aytm.v13i2.1512.
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El artículo propone una nueva atribución para el epígrafe califal asignado al castillo de Baños de la Encina (Jaén), situando su procedencia en Talavera de la Reina (Toledo), a tenor de la documentación depositada en la Real Academia de la Historia.
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Martín Benito, J. I., and F. Regueras Grande. "El Bote de Zamora: historia y patrimonio." De Arte. Revista de Historia del Arte, no. 2 (August 14, 2014): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/da.v0i2.1361.
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En 1911 el cabildo de la catedral de Zamora vendió al anticuario madrileño Juan Lafora unas arquetas, entre ellas un bote de marfil de época califal, valorado en 52.000 pesetas. Enterado Gómez Moreno, que años antes había descubierto la caja ebúrnea en el relicario de la catedral, lo comunicó al diputado Nacional Guillermo de Osma, ante el temor de que la pieza saliera de España. El asunto llegó a debatirse en las Cortes con la intervención del presidente del gobierno, José Canalejas y generó una interesante polémica sobre la propiedad del patrimonio artístico de la Iglesia, de la que se hicieron eco los diarios nacionales. Finalmente, el Estado intervino y compró la pieza, que quedó depositada en el Museo Arqueológico Nacional.
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Fathurrahman, Ayief. "MEMAHAMI KEBIJAKAN EKONOMI POLITIK TIGA KHALIFAH (Sebuah Kajian Historis Tiga Fase Peradaban Islam)." JES (Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah) 2, no. 2 (March 5, 2018): 156–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/jes.v2i2.36.
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One thing that needs to be understood is that every result of human thought is always historical, tied to the space and time around it. The economic policies issued by Umar ibn Khat}t}a>b, Umar ibn Abdul Azi>z and Ghazan Khan must have certain truths in accordance with the dimensions of space and the cycle of time. However, the form of policy is an effort to solve the problems of the State, especially the economic sector that occurred in the middle of their leadership period. This article aims to examine the political economic thought of three caliphs, namely Umar ibn Khat}t}a>b, Umar ibn Abdul Azi>z, and Ghazan Khan with a historical approach. Political economic policy decided by Umar ibn Khat}t}a>b, Umar ibn Abdul Azi>z, and Ghazan Khan has a character that is flexible. It means however its method, during its goal to create welfare for the people and not in conflict with al-Quran and al-Sunnah, then that policy is applied. This was apparent when some of their policies are not always same as Prophet’s policy, even differ from each other, but with that difference, the world has recorded them as a brilliant decision maker. The policy of the three caliphs teaches us the ultimate determinants of the economic policy of the meaning of welfare (mas}lah}ah) which form the basis of the formulation of one policy. Rigid economic system will only become a separate boomerang for economic growth itself. Because the true that the holy economic goal is not economic growth, but the welfare of mankind as perpetrators of economic activity in this hemisphere.
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Jimenez-Castillo, Pedro, and Manuel Pérez Asensio. "Cerámicas emirales y califales de Murcia, calle Pascual (siglos IX-XI)." Arqueología y Territorio Medieval 25 (October 16, 2018): 67–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17561/aytm.v25.3.
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En este trabajo se estudian algunos de los hallazgos cerámicos procedentes de la excavación arqueológica de un solar en la ciudad de Murcia. La sucesión estratigráfica del depósito analizado, que alcanzó los -5.25 m de profundidad, se remontaba desde niveles modernos hasta los horizontes de ocupación más antiguos. Para algunos de estos, además, contamos con dataciones absolutas procedentes de: 1) análisis arqueomagnético de las propias cerámicas, 2) análisis de Carbono 14 efectuados sobre restos orgánicos y 3) de algún hallazgo numismático. Gracias a todo ello y al examen comparativo con otros yacimientos, hemos podido establecer una secuencia de la evolución de las producciones alfareras a lo largo de los siglos IX y XI. El estudio de estas cerámicas también nos ha proporcionado valiosa información acerca de los orígenes de la propia ciudad de Murcia y de la evolución de la sociedad que la pobló en los primeros siglos de su historia.
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Perlman, Yaara. "The Bodyguard of the Caliphs During the Umayyad and the Early Abbasid Periods." Al-Qanṭara 36, no. 2 (December 30, 2015): 315–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/alqantara.2015.009.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Califes – Histoire"
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Kadib, Abdou. "L'époque des quatre premiers califes dans l'historiographie francophone entre la fin du XIXe siècle et le début du XXIe siècle." Thesis, Nantes Université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022NANU2007.
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L’époque des quatre premiers califes est une époque fondatrice dans l’histoire de l’Islam. Selon les sources musulmanes, c’est pendant cette époque que l’institution califienne a vu le jour, que l’Arabie s’est réellement soumise à l’Islam, que l’Islam est sorti de ses territoires, que le Coran a été collecté dans un Muṣḥaf, que les premières divisions au sein de l’Islam ont eu lieu. Cette époque a fait couler beaucoup l’encre des chercheurs en Orient et en Occident. Nous nous limitons ici à l’étudier dans l’historiographie francophone. . Nous visions dans cette recherche à analyser la manière dont a été écrite, par les chercheurs francophones, l'histoire des premiers califes et la manière dont ces chercheurs ont exposé les circonstances dans lesquelles est née la religion de l’islam. Nous examinons les sources sur lesquelles ils fondent leur écriture des premiers temps de l’Islam, les méthodes et les sources des sources des chercheurs francophoneThe era of the first four caliphs is a founding era in the history of Islam. According to Muslim sources, it was during this period that the Caliphian institution was born, that Arabia really submitted to Islam, that Islam left its territories, that the Koran was collected in a Muṣḥaf, that the first divisions within Islam took place. This period has caused much ink to flow among researchers in the East and in the West. We limit ourselves here to studying it in francophone historiography. We aimed in this research to analyze the way in which was written, by francophone researchers, the history of the first caliphs and the way in which these researchers exposed the circumstances in which the religion of Islam was born. We examine the sources on which they base their writing of the first times of Islam, the methods and the sources of the sources of the francophone researchers
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Vogt, Matthias. "Figures de califes entre histoire et fictionAl-Walid b. Yazid et al-Amin dans la représentation de l'historiographie arabe de l'époque abbaside." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040055.
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Ce travail s'intéresse aux conceptions de l'histoire et à leur réalisation narrative dans l'historiographie arabe de l'époque ÞabbÁside. D'abord, sont étudiés les entrecroisements, au niveau structural, entre récits historique et fictionnel, et les caractéristiques par lesquelles ils se distinguent. Pour cette étude, est tenu compte, parmi d'autres, des résultats de l'analyse structurale du discours ainsi que des considérations de P. RICŒUR à propos de la notion de mimèsis. Suivant ces considérations théoriques, ce travail montre, à travers les représentations des califes al-WalÍd b. YazÍd (743-744) et al-AmÍn (809-813) dans l'historiographie arabe médiévale, comment les récits à propos d'événements isolés (a¿bÁr) sont liés à un niveau paradigmatique qui donne à ces représentations le caractère d'un tout, étant l'expression d'une conception de l'histoire. Dans un deuxième temps, l'analyse traite l'arrangement narratif d'a¿bÁr isolés et essaie de répondre à la question de savoir en quelle mesure l'historiographe se sent autorisée à donner une forme narrative à une suite transmise d'événements. A côté de la structure purement narrative des textes, la référence à un autre niveau du texte ou à un autre élément du récit est d'intérêt. Ce sont donc de la narrativité et la référencialité des textes qui montrent que les récits historiques ne sont pas la simple reproduction d'une suite donnée d'événements du passé, mais que l'historien donne aux événements une signification particulière. Cependant, l'historien présuppose que le lecteur de son ouvrage accepte l'idée que cette signification n'est pas apportée aux événements par l'historien, mais qu'elle leur est inhérente. Combinées avec les études de W. ISER sur la fonction du réel, du fictif et de l'imaginaire, ces considérations permettent la déduction qu'on entre en lecture d'un ouvrage historique en acceptant l'idée que c'est le monde réel qui contient par lui-même le renvoi à l'imaginaireThe present study deals with conceptions of history and their narrative realisation in the Arabic historiography of ÞAbbÁsid times. First, the structural intersections of historical and fictional narration and their distinctive characteristics are analysed. For the purposes of this study, the results of structural discourse analysis (R. BARTHES) are considered and combined with P. RICŒUR's studies of the functions of mimesis. Following these theoretical considerations and using the representations of the caliphs al-WalÍd b. YazÍd (743-744) and al-AmÍn (809-813) in Arabic medieval historiography, the study demonstrates how the narratives of single events (a¿bÁr) are linked to a paradigmatic level turning these representations into a complete expression of a conception of history. In the second part, the study treats the narrative arrangement of single a¿bÁr and seeks to answer to which degree the historiographer feels authorized to give a narrative form to a transmitted set of events. Next to the purely narrative structures, references to other textual levels or to other story elements are of particular interest. Like narrativity, the referenciality of the texts proves that historical narrations are not a mere reproduction of a given set of past events, but that the historian also provides the events with meaning. The historian presumes, however, that the reader of his work interprets this meaning as inherent to the events rather than as the historian's construction. Linked with the studies of W. ISER on the function of the real, the fictive and the imaginary and on the reader's contract with the author, one can deduce from these considerations that the reader of a historical work does not consider the world described by the historian to be a possible world, but to be the real world, containing by itself the reference to the imaginary
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Zehbei, Moussa al. "Les modes de la description dans la poesie arabe des origines jusqu'a l'epoque des califes omeyyades." Paris 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA030036.
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Les bedouins de l'epoque pre-islamique se deplacaient continuellement ce va-et-vient, ils en avaient fait leur mode de vie dans le desert les traits caracterisant la vie du bedouin sont definis comme un mouvement qui va encadrer son existence. La poesie pre-islamique est nee dans un terre de sable. Les elements qui ont caracterise la poesie pre-islamique sont : l'homme: femme homme l'animal: chamelle cheval, la faune: antilope, zebre, loup, autruche, le mal de l'autruche la gazelle, le mal de l'antilope. L'etendu: espace, terre, ruines, eaux, la pluie, les nuages, la nuit, les tenebres, la lumiere. La societe: bedouinite, sedetarisme, les religions: l'idolatrie, le christianisme, le judaisme, l'islam methode suivie: etude stucturale synchronique. La description est synonyme de: narration, peindre, parer, dessiner sculpter, exposer, imaginer. Le mot "mode" signifie: le gout, la forme, la methode, le genre, la maniere, les modes de la description dans la poesie pre-islamique contiennent: le reel : une tendance de poetes de demeurer naturelle et de ne pas rechercher les figures de rhetorique. L'imagination : -une tendance fondee sur les comparaisons: (science des figures). Une tendance "rhetoricienne". Une tendance cherchant des figures et de rhetorique. Une tendance de recours a la metaphore et a la comparaison: (science de l'expose). Une tendance de recours au l'idee et a la rhetorique: (science des idees)The bedouin of the pre-islamic period were cotinuosly moving in space. This displacent han been the usual way of life in the desert. The characteristic of the bedouin (nomadic arabs) can be defined as a mouvement which will w. The jahilite "bedouin" poetry is born in a desertic land, and the main elements that characterizid the pre-islamic poetry are: man, woman, animal, camel, hors, antelope, fauna, extensive: space, land, ruins, water, rain, clouds, ligt. Bedouinism, sedenterism, religion, clothes, law. The descriptio is synonymos of narration, painting, ornament, drawing, sculpting, exposition, imagination. The word "mode" signifies : taste, form, method ande gener ande manner. Applied method : synchranical structural study. The description modalities of pre-islamic poetry contain the following: the real: a tendency of poets to remain natrual and not look for figures of rhetoric. Imagination : tendecey lased on comparison (science of figures). A rhetoric tendecy. A tendency : looking for figures and rhetoric. A tendency : recourse to metaphor. A tendency of ideas (science of ideas)
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Nam, Mehmet. "La crise de la fin de l'empire Ottoman : Le combat politique et religieux de Mustafa Sabri." Paris, INALCO, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INAL0011.
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Cette thèse s'intéresse à la fin de l'ère ottomane. Elle étudie notamment les propositions des islamistes pour sortir l'Etat de la crise politique régnante ainsi que les querelles politiques qui sévirent lors des différentes étapes de la fondation de la république. Il y est question de la lutte entre la modernisation et l'esprit conservateur. Afin de mieux comprendre le point de vue des islamistes conservateurs défendant la tradition et le califat ainsi que cela des modernistes dont l'aboutissement fut la fondation de la république, nous avons choisi d'analyser ces avis et ces combats à travers la perspective sabrienne, Mustafa Sabri ayant été d'abord leader d'un parti d'opposition puis cheikh ul-islam. L'association des débats d'aujourd'hui à ceux d'autrefois: le califat, la séparation de la religion et de l'État (laïcité), le nationalisme, la place de la femme, le culte en langue nationale, permet, nous semble-t-il, de contribuer à l'élaboration de solution les concernant puisqu'ils perdurent jusqu'à nos joursThe broad object of this study is to examine the end of the Ottoman Era. It pays close attention to the Islamists' proposals to pull the State out of the prevailing political crisis and it also follows the fierce political debates that emerged during the different steps leading to the foundation of the Republic of Turkey. This study brings to light the conflict between modernization and conservatism. In order to have a better understanding ot the views expressed by, on the one hand, the conservative islamists defending tradition and the calliphate, and on the otherhand, the modernists whose goal was the foundation of the Republic, this study was conducted with a Sabrian perspective-Mustafa Sabri being first a leader of an opposition party and then a Cheih ul islam. The paralell drawn between today's debates and those occuring then (the calliphate, the separation between religion and State (laïcité), nationalism, women's place in society, the prayer in national language) seems to allow for the élaboration of solutions concerning these issues, since they still exist today
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Zubani, Alessia. "Les machines du pouvoir : technique et politique entre l’Iran sassanide et le califat abbasside." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLP055.
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Dans l’Antiquité, la recherche et la réflexion sur la technique permettent les premières réalisations de dispositifs ingénieux, tels que des appareils qui accomplissent une série d’actions par le biais de stimulus externes et de mécanismes cachés. Les organismes politiques et religieux saisissent rapidement la puissance communicative de ces machines, en devenant les promoteurs et patrons privilégiés de leur production. L’Empire sassanide (224-650) ne constitue pas une exception. En effet, les souverains perses consacrent, au moins à l’époque tardive, une grande attention à la conception et au déploiement de dispositifs savants et ingénieux. De même, un siècle plus tard, dans le milieu du califat islamique, les Abbassides (750-1258) semblent également s’entourer de tels dispositifs. La continuité entre les deux empires dans plusieurs domaines, de la théorie politique à l’administration, est bien connue. Cependant, la question de la réutilisation du patrimoine technique et scientifique ancien, et notamment sassanide, par la cour abbasside, demeure encore largement inexplorée. L’étude d’un corpus de sources, aussi vaste qu’hétérogène, rassemblant des ouvrages historiographiques, géographiques, poétiques et d’adab, ainsi que des traités scientifiques et techniques en plusieurs langues, permet d’analyser différents aspects de la production et de l’usage politique des machines. Au sein de la cour sassanide, comme de la cour abbasside, la machine s’avère constituer un véhicule préférentiel de représentation et de diffusion de l’idéologie politique. À travers sa mise en scène publique, elle contribue de manière substantielle à la définition de l’espace du pouvoir, en participant à la création d’une image de la cour comme un microcosme au cœur duquel le Roi des rois, et plus tard le calife, occupaient le rôle cardinal de maître incontesté du monde. La continuité entre l’empire sassanide et l’empire abbasside dans le domaine technique ne se limite donc pas à une récupération de savoirs, mais s’opère aussi sous la forme d’une véritable réactivation d’un patrimoine symboliqueIn the Antique world, research on technology and applied sciences allowed for the construction of the very first ingenious devices, i.e. apparatuses which, through external stimulation and hidden mechanisms, can perform a series of actions and movements. Political and religious organisms quickly came to appreciate the communicative power of such devices, thus actively sponsoring their production. The Sasanian Empire (224-650) is no exception. In fact, at least since the late period, Iranian rulers devoted remarkable attention to the conception and material deployment of ingenious devices. Similar efforts seem to have been taken about a century later by the Abbasids (750-1258). The continuity between these two empires in various domains, such as political theory and administration, is widely acknowledged. However, the issue of the recovery of the ancient – and, particularly, Sasanian – technical and scientific heritage by the Abbasid court is still largely neglected. The study of a various corpus of historiographic, geographic, poetic, and literary sources, as well as of scientific treaties, allows shedding light on various aspects regarding the production and political use of machines at the Abbasid court. Both at the Sasanian and the Abbasid court, ingenious devices prove themselves to be a preferential vehicle of representation and diffusion of political ideology. Through their public display, they substantially contributed to the definition of the space of power, taking part in the creation of an image of the court as a microcosm in which the King of kings, and later on the Caliph, hold the cardinal place of universal world-rulers. The Sasanian-Abbasid continuity in the realm of technology and science thus is not limited to the recovery, by Abbasid scholars, of Sasanian scientific knowledge, but rather takes the form of a true reactivation of a symbolic heritage
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Munt, Thomas H. R. "The sacred history of early Islamic Medina : the prophet, caliphs, scholars and the town's Ḥaram." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e8394f8b-238a-4b23-8bfc-cdf395db0f1a.
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This thesis investigates the emergence of Medina in the Ḥijāz as a widely-venerated holy city over the first three Islamic centuries (seventh to ninth centuries CE) within the appropriate historical context, with special attention paid to the town’s ḥaram. It focuses in particular upon the roles played by the Prophet Muḥammad, Umayyad and Abbasid caliphs, and early Islamic legal scholars in this development. It shows that Medina’s emergence as a widely-venerated holy city alongside Mecca was a gradual and contested process, and one that was intimately linked with several important developments concerning legitimate political, religious, and legal authority in the Islamic world. The most important sources for this study have been Medina’s local histories, and Chapter One investigates the development of a tradition of local history-writing there. The Prophet Muḥammad first created a form of sacred space, a ḥaram, at Medina, and Chapter Two seeks to provide the context for this by investigating some forms of sacred and protected space found in the pre-Islamic Arabian Peninsula. Chapter Three then examines a rare early document preserved in the later Islamic sources, which deals in part with Muḥammad’s creation of Medina’s ḥaram, the so-called “Constitution of Medina”, and investigates why and how Muḥammad created that particular form of sacred space at Medina. The remaining two chapters deal with the history of Muḥammad’s ḥaram at Medina after his death as its original raison d’être disappeared. Chapter Four analyses some aspects of Muslim legal scholars’ discussions concerning Medina’s ḥaram, and demonstrates that certain groups disputed its existence. Chapter Five then seeks to understand why caliphs and other scholars invested so heavily in actively promoting its widespread veneration and Medina’s status as a holy city. It concludes that caliphs from the late first/early eighth century patronised Medina to associate themselves with legitimate political authority inherited from Muḥammad, and that from the late second/eighth century certain legal scholars argued for the continued existence of Medina’s ḥaram because of its association with the Prophet and his Companions who had come to be for them the ultimate source of legal authority.
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Pomerleau, Catherine A. "Among and between women: Califia Community, grassroots feminist education, and the politics of difference, 1975-1987." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280736.
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This dissertation assesses a Los Angeles-based feminist educational alternative called Califia Community in the context of a cultural war between Second Wave feminists and members of the New Right. Analysis of oral histories with thirty-two participants (narrators) is supported by archival sources and narrators' personal files to historicize U.S. divisions over cultural mores and to shed light on the diversity and tactics among Second Wave feminists. In contrast to foundational scholarship, a reevaluation of National Organization for Women sources in association with California participants' actions and writings clarifies that the lesbian-straight split continued to divide the movement well into the 1980s and that the role of eastern leadership in feminism has been overstated. Califia Community demonstrates that lesbian feminists engaged in a complex attempt to combat multiple oppressions and to address the whole person in relation to society. Califia's diversity of attendees and education on sexism, homophobia, racism, and class bias reveals that a grassroots group could sustain heterogeneity but that identity-based politics exacerbated problems.
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Balbale, Abigail Krasner. "Between Kings and Caliphs: Religion and Authority in Sharq al-Andalus (1145-1244 CE)." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10634.
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This dissertation focuses on how the Marrakech-based Almohads and their independent Muslim rivals in eastern al-Andalus contested spiritual and temporal power. The rulers of Sharq al-Andalus opposed Almohad claims to a divinely granted authority rooted in a new messianic interpretation of the caliphate. Instead, they articulated a vision of legitimacy linked to earlier Sunni forms, and connected their rule more closely to the Abbasid caliphate in Baghdad than any previous Andalusī dynasty had done. One minted coins that included the name of the Abbasid caliph, and another received official permission from the Abbasids to rule as governor of al-Andalus. This dissertation examines the written sources, coins and architecture produced in the courts of Andalusī and Almohad rulers to explore how they legitimated their authority. It argues that the conflict among these Muslim rivals in many ways superseded their battles against Christians. The Almohads saw anyone—Muslim, Christian or Jewish—who did not submit to their rule and their conception of Islam as infidels, and said that jihad against non-Almohad Muslims was more important than jihad against Christians. Nevertheless, later Arabic sources attempted to cast the conflict between the independent rulers of al-Andalus and the Almohads as part of a broader Christian-Muslim clash. The alliances Andalusī rulers made with Christian kings, and, in some cases, their Christian roots, made their religious allegiance to Islam suspect. This attitude has continued in modern scholarship as well. This dissertation instead argues that the independent rulers of al-Andalus and their Almohad counterparts were engaged in a broader debate, common to the wider Islamic world, about what constituted righteous Islamic authority. As the population of the territories ruled by Muslims became majority Muslim, new groups began to gain power, eroding the primacy of the Arab caliphate. Like their Persian and Turkic contemporaries to the east, the Berber and Andalusī rulers of the Islamic west struggled to negotiate between the caliphal ideal of Islamic unity and the increasingly decentralized political world they encountered. Analyzing the conflicts among these rivals illuminates the questions that animated the Islamic world as new spiritual and political forms were emerging.
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Chaouech, Salah Ddin. "Les relations de l'Espagne musulmane avec le Maghrib : à l'époque de l'Emirat et du Califat Umayyade de Cordoue : 138-422 h - 756-1031 j.c." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20097.
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Le sujet traite les relations de l'espagne musulmane avec le maghrib a l'epoque de l'emirat et du califat umayyade de cordoue. Mon travail est compose d'une introductiom, de deux parties et d'une conclusion. Dans l'introduction nous avons commence par une etude critique des sources et des ouvrages arabes modernes, puis dans un second lieu nous avons donne un apercu historique sur le maghrib et al andalus depuis la conquete musulmane jusqu'a la fin du 10e siecle. Dans la premiere partie intitulee les relations politiques, nous avons essaye de demontrer les relations politiques qui existaient d'une part, entre l'emirat umayyade du maghrib au 9e siecle, et d'autre part, entre le califat umayyade de cordoue et les puissances maghribines du 10e siecle, notamment avec les fatimides. La deuxieme partie traite les relations religieuses, culturelles, economiques et sociales. Dans le premier chapitre nous avons etudie les relations religieuses et culturelles entre al andalus et le maghrib au 9 - 10e siecle. Dans le deuxieme chapitre nous avons essaye de voir jusqu'a tel point les echanges commerciaux entre al andalus et le maghrib etaient interessants a cette epoque tandis que le troisieme chapitre consacre aux relations sociales, a travers lequel nous avons essaye de montrer les liens sociaux qui existaient a cette epoque entre les andalous et les maghribins. Dans la conclusion, nous avons donne une idee sur la crise politique dans al andalus de la fin du 10e siecle et du 11e siecle qui avait pour consequence la chute du califat de cordoue, et la desintegration politique avec la consti- tution des petits royaumes dans les differentes regions de la peninsule iberique apres quoi, nous avons presente les resultats de notre etudeThis thesis deals with the relationships between muslim spain and the magreb ? at the time when the emirate and the umayyad's cordoue caliphate existed. My work is composed of an introduction, of two parts and of a conclusion. We have begun the introduction by doing a critical study about the sources and the modern arab works, then we have given a brief historical account about the magreb and al andalus from the muslims' conquest to the end of the 10th century. As for the first part headed "the political relationships", we have tried to explain what they political relationships on the one hand between the umayyad's cordoue emirate and the numerous powers in the magreb in the 9 th century and on the other hand, between umayyad's cordoue caliphate and the magrib powers in the 10 th century in particfular the fatimides. The second part de'als with the religious, cultural economic and social relationships between al andalous and the magrib in the 9 th and 10th century. In the second chapter we have tried to prove how interesting at that time trade between al andalus and the magreb could be in the third chapter dealing with the social relationships, we have tried to underline, the social links which existed between al andalus and the magrib at that time. In our conclusion, we have discribed the political crisis which began around at the end of the 10th century and the beginning of the 11th century. This crisis led to the fall of cordoue caliphate and the breaking up of the political union though thye creation of little kingdoms in several areas of the iheric peninsule. Last, we have brought up the conclusion of our study
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Devienne, Elsa. "Des plages dans la ville : une histoire sociale et environnementale du littoral de Los Angeles (1920-1972)." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0092.
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Cette thèse explore l'histoire du littoral de Los Angeles, et plus spécifiquement des plages qui font la renommée de la région, des années 1920 au début des années 1970. Il s'agit d'étudier les plages non pas seulement sous l'angle de l'histoire du tourisme et des loisirs, mais dans une perspective d'histoire urbaine. En effet, l'aménagement, l'accessibilité, la surveillance, la réglementation et la ségrégation raciale de ces vastes espaces publics font l'objet de multiples débats au cours du siècle. À la croisée de l'histoire environnementale et de l'histoire socio-culturelle, ce travail prend en compte les différents acteurs - ingénieurs, scientifiques, urbanistes, élus et propriétaires locaux - qui ont cherché à transformer et réguler le littoral suivant des visions concurrentes, voire contradictoires, ainsi que les hommes et les femmes qui ont fait valoir leur droit d'occuper et de s'approprier ce lieu. Trois conclusions principales se dégagent de cette étude. D'abord, les plages de Los Angeles sont aujourd'hui largement artificielles ; elles ont notamment été élargies de manière spectaculaire entre les années 1930 et 1960. Ensuite, elles sont le théâtre de multiples remises en cause des hiérarchies sociales et raciales qui prévalent en ville. Toutefois, dans l'après-guerre, un mouvement de modernisation des plages et des quartiers environnants engendre l'élimination partielle des publics et des pratiques jugés indésirables par les autorités. Enfin, les plages sont le lieu de naissance de plusieurs sous-cultures, qui contribuent à façonner un modèle balnéaire original et influencent les manières de montrer et mettre en valeur son corps, à la plage comme à la villeThis dissertation explores the history of the Los Angeles shoreline and, more specifically, the city's famous beaches, from the 1920s through the early 1970s. I examine Los Angeles beaches not only as tourist attractions, but as urban spaces. Indeed, as vast public accommodations which attracted millions of people every year, the beaches generated heated debates regarding their development, accessibility, policing, and racial segregation. Contributing to environmental, cultural and social history, this dissertation takes into account the multiple historical actors - engineers, scientists, urban planners, local officials and homeowners - who attempted to transform and regulate the beaches according to competing visions, as well as the ordinary men and women who claimed their right to occupy and appropriate this space. My conclusions are divided into three main categories. First, I demonstrate that the beaches of Los Angeles are today mostly artificial; between the 1930s and the 1960s, the beaches were vastly enlarged thanks to the development of new techniques. Second, I show that the beaches were a place where the traditional social and racial hierarchies could momentarily be challenged. However, the postwar modernization of the beaches and the surrounding neighborhoods led to the eviction of the so-called undesirable public from the shores. Third, the beaches were the birthplace of multiple subcultures which contributed to the emergence and diffusion of new values and bodily norms, whether at the beach or in the city
Books on the topic "Califes – Histoire"
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Figures de califes entre histoire et fiction: Al-Walīd b. Yazīd et al-Amīn dans la représentation d'historiographie arabe de l'epoque ʻabbāside. Beirut: [Orient-Institut], 2006.
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Nerval, Gérard de. Histoire du Calife Hakem. Paris: L'Esprit frappeur, 1998.
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The conquest of Iran. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994.
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Los califas de Córdoba. Málaga, Spain: Editorial Arguval, 2009.
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Califas y reyes: España, 796-1031. Barcelona: Crítica, 2013.
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Khan, Majid Ali. The pious caliphs. 3rd ed. Safat: Islamic Book Publishers, 1987.
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Khan, Majid Ali. The pious caliphs. 4th ed. Safat: Islamic Book Publishers, 1995.
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Abdülhamid II: Le sultan calife (1876-1909). [Paris]: Fayard, 2003.
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Jakober, Marie. Le calice noir. Québec: Alire, 2004.
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Califas, guerreros, esclavas y eunucos: Los moros en España. Pozuelo de Alarcón: Editorial Espasa Calpe, 2008.
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Banister, Mustafa. "The Trouble with Caliphs: Some Remarks on Sultan Barqu¯q and the Late Fourteenth-Century Caliphal Office in Late Medieval Cairo." In History and Society during the Mamluk Period (1250–1517), 89–106. Göttingen: V&R unipress, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14220/9783737011501.89.
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Micheau, Françoise. "Histoire du califat, histoires de califes." In Pouvoirs et autorités en Islam, 7–17. Diacritiques Éditions, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.diacritiques.1832.
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"Introduction. Califia Community in Social Movement History." In Califia Women, 1–11. University of Texas Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.7560/752948-002.
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Sénac, Philippe, and Patrice Cressier. "Chapitre 7. Le califat fatimide." In Histoire du Maghreb médiéval, 77–87. Armand Colin, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/arco.senac.2012.01.0077.
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"THE CALIPHS OF BÁGHDAD." In Literary History Of The Arabs, 278–308. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203038956-12.
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"A History of the Fatimid Khuṭba." In Orations of the Fatimid Caliphs. I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780755610563.ch-0001.
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Bessard, Fanny. "Introduction." In Caliphs and Merchants, 1–12. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198855828.003.0001.
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This volume offers fresh perspectives on the origins of the economic success of the early Islamic caliphate, identifying a number of previously unnoticed or underplayed yet crucial developments, such as the changing conditions of labour, attitudes towards professional associations, and the interplay between the state, Islamic religious institutions, and the economy. Caliphs and Merchants: Cities and Economies of Power in the Near East (700–950) combines detailed analysis of a large corpus of literary sources in Arabic with presentation of new physical and epigraphic evidence. The introduction provides an overview of the history of scholarship in the field and lays out the structure and argumentation of the following chapters.
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"Islam under the First Four Caliphs." In A History Of Persia (Volume 1), 603–15. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203715147-55.
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Tullberg, Jacob. "Caliphs, Popes, Emperors, Kings, and Sultans." In The Oxford World History of Empire, 597–620. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197532768.003.0021.
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After the fall of the Carolingian and the Abbasid empires, the Catholic and the Islamic worlds developed into cultural commonwealths rather than political empires. And yet, concepts of universal empire remained a constituting aspect of both. In the post-Carolingian world, both the secular emperor and the pope employed imperial strategies toward regional rulers. This was also the case in the Islamic world, where the Caliphate for centuries remained indispensable for the legitimacy of regional sultanates. It is argued that the higher degree of stability enjoyed by the Christian regional monarchies in the later part of the Middle Ages can be ascribed to differences between regional royal law in Catholic monarchies and universal Shar‘ia law in the Islamic world.
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Bessard, Fanny. "The Historical Context." In Caliphs and Merchants, 13–30. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198855828.003.0002.
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The seventh to the eighth centuries witnessed the initially rapid Arab-Muslim conquests of the Near East and their subsequent slow expansion in North Africa, Spain, and Central Asia, leading to the rise of a unified Islamic caliphate from 661 to the early tenth century. Chapter 1 seeks to define the material and sociopolitical context of the early Islamic history of the Near East, which determined the development of urban economic life between 700 and 950 CE. While differing conditions of conquests in the Near East and Central Asia, respectively peaceful subjugation and brutal expansion, laid the foundation of region-specific economic practices, the assertion of caliphal authority as well as the development of agriculture and trade sowed the seeds of economic growth.
Conference papers on the topic "Califes – Histoire"
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Salsbury, James. "The New American Standard for Digital, Dial, and Vernier Calipers." In NCSL International Workshop & Symposium. NCSL International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/wsproceedings.2018.08.
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A new American standard for digital, dial, and vernier calipers, ASME B89.1.14, was approved by the ASME B89 dimensional metrology standards committee in 2017, and final publication of the standard is expected in 2018. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the new standard and discuss some of the key developments. In particular, the standard includes default specifications and calibration test methods that will have a major impact to calibration services. This paper will review the history of the development of the standard and discuss all the major sections of the standard, including specifications, rated operating conditions, test methods, conformance decision rules, and measurement uncertainty. The relationship between ASME B89.1.14 and the international standard for calipers, ISO 13385-11, will also be discussed.
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Cuevas del Barrio, Javier. "El retablo de San Pelayo del Maestro de Becerril y la construcción de la norma sexual a través de la imagen." In III Congreso Internacional de Investigación en Artes Visuales :: ANIAV 2017 :: GLOCAL. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/aniav.2017.5665.
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A través de esta comunicación queremos presentar una lectura renovada de una de las obras más importantes de la pintura española del siglo XVI: el retablo de San Pelayo del Maestro de Becerril, situado en la Catedral de Málaga. Esta lectura renovada se centra no tanto en lo que la tradición histórico artística ha dicho de él (incorporación de elementos procedentes de la tradición renacentista italiana en forma de elementos arquitectónicos y leyendas mitológicas) sino en cómo la leyenda del martirio de San Pelayo ha servido para construir la norma sexual en diversos momentos de la historia del Estado español. Para ello, debemos recordar en qué consiste dicha leyenda: según las fuentes contemporáneas al martirio (siglo X), Pelayo fue martirizado hasta la muerte por no sucumbir a los deseos libidinosos del califa Abderramán III. Así, el joven mártir se convirtió en símbolo de la virtud de la castidad cristiana frente al pecado nefando representado por la máxima figura política y religiosa de los musulmanes, el califa Abderramán III. Los límites de esta comunicación nos obligan a centrarnos en un momento histórico concreto: la llegada del retablo de San Pelayo a la Catedral de Málaga procedente de Becerril de Campos (Palencia) en el contexto de década de 1940. Para ofrecer la lectura renovada que anunciábamos más arriba tendremos en cuenta los numerosos estudios (la mayoría de ellos anglosajones) que, partiendo de la teoría queer, están ayudando a renovar la disciplina de la historia del arte. Analizar la llegada del retablo de San Pelayo a Málaga desde la perspectiva queer nos lleva a entender el significado de la obra dentro del contexto de las políticas de la moral sexual de la época, a partir de las cuales las imágenes del retablo cobran un nuevo significado.http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ANIAV.2017.5665
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Wei, Zhigang, Pingsha Dong, and Thomas P. Forte. "A Rapid Convex Hull Algorithm for Implementing Path-Dependent Multi-Axial Fatigue." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25682.
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The Path-Dependent Maximum Range (PDMR) is a general-purpose multi-axial fatigue life assessment tool recently developed by Battelle researchers. The PDMR has been successfully applied to fatigue analysis of engineering components under variable amplitude, non-proportional, multiaxial fatigue loading histories. PDMR begins by seeking the maximum possible distance (or range) between any two points in the equivalent stress/strain space over a given fatigue loading history, while also identifying the associated loading path-length. The process continues recursively until each loading path has been counted. PDMR then collects the cycles calculated and the associated path-lengths for subsequent calculations of the fatigue damage. The effectiveness of the PDMR method has been validated by its ability to correlate a large amount of fatigue data. In a computerized PDMR calculation, most of the central processor unit’s (CPU) time is spent searching for the maximum range. While a brute-force search is the simplest to implement, and will always find a solution if it exists, its cost, in many practical problems, tends to grow very quickly as the size of the loading spectrum increases with O(n2) time complexity, where n is the number of spectrum data points. In this paper, Andrew’s monotone chain algorithm, a sophisticated and reliable convex hull algorithm is implemented into the PDMR to reduce the solution time. Like the widely used angular Graham Scan sort, Andrew’s monotone chain runs in O(n log n) time due to the merge-sort approach. The Rotating Caliper algorithm, which is another computational algorithm for quickly determining all antipodal pairs of vertices on a predetermined convex hull, is also introduced. Several examples have clearly demonstrated that these algorithms can be used in combination to significantly decrease the execution time for the PDMR in engineering fatigue analysis and design.
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Alexander, Chris, and Eelco Jorritsma. "A Systematic Approach for Evaluating Dent Severity in a Liquid Transmission Pipeline System." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31538.
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An API 579 Level 3 assessment was performed to determine the stresses in a 2% dent in a 20-inch × 0.406-inch pipeline. The intent was to determine the stress concentration factor (SCF) in the dent with a finite element model using geometry data provided from an in-line inspection caliper run. In addition to the analytically-derived SCF, data were also evaluated from a recent experimental study involving a plain dent subjected to cyclic pressure conditions with a profile comparable to the dent in question. This sample was cycled at a stress range of 70% SMYS and failed after 10,163 cycles had been applied. Using the DOE-B mean fatigue curve, combined with the experimental fatigue life, the resulting SCF factor was derived to be 4.20. This value is within 1% of the calculated FEA-based SCF and served to confirm the technical validity of the SCF. The operator provided historical pressure data covering a 12-month period and a rainflow count analysis was performed on the data. Using this data, along with the API X′ design fatigue curve, the estimated remaining life was determined for the dent in question and conservatively estimated to be 65 years. This paper provides details on the analysis methodology and associated results, discussions on the empirically-derived SCF with its use in validating the analytical SCF, and application of the results to estimate the remaining life of the pipeline system. It is the intent of the authors to provide the pipeline industry with a systemic approach for evaluating dent severity using caliper and operating pressure history data.
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Ziadat, John, and Karim H. Muci-Küchler. "Development of a Computational Model to Visualize Air Flow Into Surrogate Ballistic Wounds." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-70650.
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In addition to the direct mechanical damage that takes place during a ballistic injury, the formation of the temporary wound cavity creates a suction effect capable of introducing debris, particles, and bacteria from the environment into the wound track. This introduction of bacterial contamination into the wound can give rise to infections which may delay healing or result in more serious problems. Various authors have conducted controlled ballistics experiments placing bacterial contamination on the surface of ballistics gelatin targets to study the effect of parameters such as projectile caliber and speed on the distribution of bacteria along the permanent cavity. The results reported in the literature showed that bacteria were present along the entire surrogate wound track. Understanding the contribution that the formation of the temporary cavity has on the number and distribution of bacteria along the surrogate wound requires the development of experiments to visualize the flow of air during the transient phase of target deformation and the use of numerical simulations to predict variables associated with the flow of air, like pressure-time histories along the projectile path, that cannot be directly measured during experiments. This paper discusses the development of a finite element model using ANSYS Autodyn for the simulation of a small caliber projectile traveling at moderate speeds penetrating a soft tissue surrogate target made of ballistics gelatin. The model uses a Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian formulation and discretization scheme, which allows for the analysis of not only the deformation of the solid bodies, but also of the flow of air into the wound track. For model validation, the numerical results are compared to spatial data extracted from high speed video recorded during experiments matching key model parameters. Comparisons of the numerical and experimental results indicate that the model is providing reasonable results for the deformations and overall air flow. The predicted pressure dynamics within the simulated wound track clearly suggest that areas of partial vacuum exist within the cavity, which is consistent with the suction effect mentioned by several researchers.
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Long, Robert W. "Design and Testing of a Piezoelectrically Driven Airspike System on a .40 Cal Supersonic Projectile." In ASME 2008 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2008-497.
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This paper investigates the feasibility of using a piezoelectrically driven airspike system as a method of flight control on .40 caliber supersonic projectiles. The paper begins with a description of airspikes and a summary of their history in missiles and munitions. The paper then describes the piezoelectric actuation system and models its unloaded characteristics using bending beam theory. When the airspike is deflected, the axial force acting upon the airspike is shifted so that it no longer goes through the center of gravity and creates a pitching moment. This allows the bullet to create a pitching moment which can control the projectile. A basic aerodynamic analysis was done on the projectile, and subsequent wind tunnel tests through Mach 2.5 were done to prove this data. Bench top tests were also done on the system to determine the relationship of voltage to deflection of the airspike. The paper also includes considerations for setback, setforward and balloting. The paper includes a finite element analysis for the setback acceleration. The paper concludes with a system design of a beam rider projectile and simulates the trajectory of the projectile.
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Holliday, Chris, Andy Young, Terri Funk, and Carrie Murray. "The North Saskatchewan River Valley Landslide: Slope and Pipeline Condition Monitoring." In 2020 13th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2020-9532.
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Abstract Following a loss of containment incident in July 2016 on a 16-inch diameter pipeline on the south slope of the North Saskatchewan River located in Saskatchewan, Canada, Husky completed extensive studies to understand and learn from the failure. The cause of the incident was ground movement resulting from a landslide complex on the slope involving two deep-seated compound basal shear slides as well as a near surface translational slide in heavily over consolidated marine clays of the Upper Cretaceous Lea Park Formation. One aspect of the studies has been to undertake structural analysis of the pipeline response to the loading imposed from the ground movement to minimize the potential for a similar occurrence from happening in the future and determine the integrity of the pipeline at the time of the assessment. Given the scale and complexity of the landslide, slope stabilization measures were not practical to implement, so repeat ILI using caliper and inertial measurement technology (IMU), in addition to a robust monitoring program was implemented. Realtime monitoring of ground movements, pipe strain and precipitation levels provided a monitoring and early-warning system combined with documented risk thresholds that identified when to proactively shut-in the pipeline. The methodology and findings of the slope monitoring and structural analysis that was undertaken to examine the robustness of the pipeline to withstand future landslide movement are presented herein. The work involved modelling of the pipeline history on the slope including loads that had accumulated in the original pipeline sections based on historical ILI results and slope monitoring. The pipeline orientation was parallel with the ground movement in the landslide complex, so the development of axial strain in the pipeline was the dominant load component, which are particularly damaging in the compression zone. The work provided recommendations and technical basis to continue safe operation of the pipeline with consideration of continuing ground movement and assisted the operator with decisions over the long-term strategy for the pipeline.
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Sa, Mariana Moreira Soares de, Emanuelle Ferreira Barreto, Marina Soares Vilela, Roberta Kelly Netto Vinte Guimarães, Vanessa Alves Lobato, Renato Pereira da Costa Junior, Antonio Pereira Gomes Neto, and Paulo Pereira Christo. "Spondylodiscitis and early diagnosis: a case report." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.146.
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Context: Spondylodiscitis is a term that includes vertebral osteomyelitis, spondylitis and discitis. Among the vertebrae, the most affected are the lumbar (45%), followed by the thoracic (35%). Adults present themselves progressively, with a predominant complaint of low back pain and pain on palpation of the affected site, with significant limitation of movement due to muscle spasms. Report a clinical case with an emphasis on the possibility of early diagnosis and correct treatment aimed at the recovery of patients with neurological sequelae. Analysis of medical records in a patient admitted to the neurology ward of Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte. Clinical Case report: A.I.S. patient, 45 years old, with chronic low back pain due to asymmetry of the left lower limb. History of wear of the femoral head diagnosed in adolescence. Evolving for 2 months with progressive weakness in the lower limbs, associated with paresis and paresis in the left lower limb. He performed abdominal USG which showed hepatosplenomegaly with collateral circulation, increased caliber of the portal, splenic and superior mesenteric veins. Tomography of the lumbosacral spine with osteolytic lesions in the joints of L2-L3, L3-L4 and L4-L5., With almost total osteolysis of the L4 vertebral body, retropulsion of much later at this level, suggesting spondylodiscitis. The resonance of the lumbar spine performed with acute spondylodiscitis L2-L3 and L3-L4, compressing the roots of the equine tail with a comprehensive potential, remains as the emerging emerging roots. Liquid filling of the L3- L4 intervebral disc compatible with acute spondylodiscitis. Staphylococcus aureus and enterobacteria are responsible for more than half of the cases of non-tuberculosis. Conclusion: The diagnosis of discitis can be quite difficult, due to the rarity of the disease, the insidious symptoms and the high prevalence of low back pain in the general population. It is considered an important morbidity factor, as it causes an important neurological sequel. In addition, it points to the importance of differential diagnosis of low back pain in the population.
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Schumacher, Lauren N., and Ronald M. Barrett. "Guided Munition Adaptive Trim Actuation System for Aerial Gunnery." In ASME 2018 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2018-8032.
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Twenty-two years ago, adaptive munitions using piezoelectric actuators were conceived. The Barrel-Launched Adaptive Munition (BLAM) program used piezoelectric elements to articulate a 10 deg. half-angle conical section on the nose of a 73 mm caliber supersonic wind tunnel model. The test article was designed to pivot the forward portion of the round about the aerodynamic center (which was collocated with the forward section center of gravity). While effective in trim articulation, the majority of actuator power was expended resisting nose inertia rather than manipulating air loads. Adaptive actuators for guided munitions have progressed greatly since that time. In 2001, major advances canard articulation for guided bullets were achieved. These were followed by the Shipborne Countermeasure Range-Extended Adaptive Munition (SCREAM) program. While the piezoelectric effectors designed for these historic programs would allow for respectable deflections, the invention of post-buckled piezoelectric (PBP) actuation would dramatically boost total deflection levels while maintaining full blocked force capabilities. These PBP actuators would be used in a variety of flight control mechanisms for different classes of UAVs. In addition to these applications, the high bandwidth of piezoelectric actuators are particularly well suited to guided munitions. This paper describes the structural mechanics and dynamics of the PBP-class actuator as integrated in guided munitions. As a critical element in ultra-high bandwidth flight control actuation, PBP actuators have been shown to possess pseudo-corner frequencies in excess of 1 kHz. Additionally, PBP actuators have been integrated into tight packing volumes in guided cannon shells while demonstrating setback acceleration tolerances of tens of thousands of g’s. Previous work illustrates several different actuation configurations as well as integration methods with canards and fins. This study links the structural mechanics of previous authors with aeromechanics to arrive at performance predictions in aerial combat. The paper lays out a guided aerial round based on the PBP concept, then uses circular error probable (CEP) predictions in a standard atmosphere quantify the required deflections for engagement of a variety of targets. The results show one order of magnitude fewer rounds being expended per kill in direct air-to-air engagements with peer aircraft. The paper shows that PBP-class actuators could be used for defensive engagements as well with the engagement of oncoming hostile missiles. The paper concludes with prediction of engagement improvements for modern aircraft like the F-35 with 25 mm rounds as well as aircraft like the F-15 with 20 mm guided ammunition.
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Chishti, Sadaf Shoukatali, Steven H. Craig, Edward Jason Wheatley, Saeed Mohamed Aldhuhoori, Mohamed Abd Elrahman Bukhari, Sima Li, and Prajakta Dilip Kulkarni. "Novel Application of Abrasive Jet Perforating to Restore Productivity of a High Potential Inactive Horizontal Oil Producer." In SPE/ICoTA Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208988-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper illustrates a novel methodology that enabled the safe application of Coiled Tubing (CT) Abrasive Perforation to increase production in a sour horizontal extended reach (ER) oil producer. The well was underperforming at 10% of the anticipated production rate due to a damaged lower completion. To avert a costly workover, abrasive perforation with CT was selected as a safe alternative to conventional explosives-based perforating conveyed on e-line. The well, with a measured depth in excess of 24K-ft. had a damaged lower completion with closed inflow control devices that significantly impeded production for several years. A CT caliper log had confirmed a parted liner section creating accessibility concerns and made conveyance of perforating guns unsafe. An advanced simulation study was performed to design a CT abrasive perforation operation. The CT conveyed solution provided a more rigid deployment method to navigate a challenging open-hole section prior to reaching the target depth. A complete mock-up test was performed to evaluate systems integration and define the operational parameters, combined with a comprehensive desk top HAZOP study to assess both downhole and surface handling challenges amid the presence of high concentration hydrogen sulphide (H2S). A major challenge faced during the design stage was to understand solids transport inside both the CT and in the well-bore. This was critical to perform efficient perforations and to avoid the risk of stuck CT in the long horizontal section. Stringent operating limits were established to minimize the influx from the reservoir to reduce H2S production when recovering sand from the surface flow stream. The required flow rate at the tool for each sand jet perforation stage resulted in low annular velocity, requiring accurate simulation of solids transport throughout the operation. A transient CT simulation study indicated buildup of sand within the CT before reaching the nozzle. The results of the modelling showed sand profiles during each sequence of the job and allowed fine tuning of slurry design, fluid requirements, pumping schedule, wiper trip speed and other parameters critical to ensure efficient perforations and cleanout. Accessibility concerns were overcome by use of an advanced metal lubricant and addition of a motor assembly in the bottom hole assembly (BHA) that enabled CT to run beyond the parted liner section. A total of thirteen perforations were performed in three separate coiled tubing runs with additional cleanout runs. The results of the operation increased the production rate to over 90% of well potential, and saved cost and time that would be required to perform a rig-based workover. Being a first-time technology application for such challenging well conditions, the advanced CT simulations to understand solid transport dynamics added more confidence in the job design that resulted in a safe, reliable, and cost-effective execution. This is a very important case history for similar inactive wells which could benefit from this technology and approach.