Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Calcium in muscle contraction'
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Masters, Jonathan Grenville. "Sources of calcium involved in detrusor smooth muscle contraction." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312030.
Full textAydin, Jan. "Skeletal muscle calcium homeostasis during fatigue : modulation by kinases and mitochondria /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-247-7/.
Full textMcCloskey, Diana Teresa. "Adrenergic regulation of cardiac muscle contraction and relaxation." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324975.
Full textStefanova, Helena Ivanova. "Calcium and phosphate transport in sarcoplasmic reticulum." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303376.
Full textGomez, Maria. "Calcium channel activity and force regulation in smooth muscle effects of polyamines and growth stimulation /." Lund : Lund University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/68945015.html.
Full textSmyrnias, Ioannis. "Modulation of contractility and calcium signalling in cardiac myocytes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609227.
Full textSher, Anna. "Modelling local calcium dynamics and the sodium/calcium exchanger in ventricular myocytes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670114.
Full textLynn, Stephen. "The ryanodine receptor channel complex in human smooth muscle cells." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285789.
Full textMulligan, Ian Patrick. "Mechanical studies on skinned muscle fibres using caged ATP and caged calcium." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.258249.
Full textNorman, Catalina. "Influence of the thin filament calcium activation on muscle force production and rate of contraction in cardiac muscle." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1178751966.
Full textJiang, Yandong. "Effects of modulating calcium transients on the contraction- relaxation cycle of skeletal muscle /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487935958847887.
Full textGoldsmith, Neil. "Calcium Movement in the Sarcomere and its Connection to Muscle Contraction: A Pilot Study." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1225672739.
Full textTanner, Bertrand Clarke William. "Spatial coupling between sarcomeric proteins controls Ca2+-sensitive contraction muscle : a complementary research approach integrating theory with experiments /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7995.
Full textBent, Sarah Louise. "The role of calmodulin in decoding the calcium signal in muscle excitation-contraction coupling." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.549335.
Full textKoehler, Steffen. "O-Phthalaldehyde Modification of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Release." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5022.
Full textKake, Sandrine Aurélie. "Mesure de la concentration totale du calcium ([Ca[indice inférieur T]]MUSCLE) dans le muscle cardiaque et squelettique." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6316.
Full textWallace, Patrick. "Excitation/contraction coupling in mouse anococcygeus smooth muscle : a role for store-operated calcium entry." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424303.
Full textPabbathi, Vijay Kumar. "Excitation-contraction coupling in mammalian heart muscle : control by membrane potential and calcium ion entry?" Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393923.
Full textBrousal, Jeffrey P. "Role of phosphorylation of the alpha one subunit in cyclic adenosine monophosphate dependent modulation of skeletal muscle calcium channels /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6305.
Full textHänninen, S. L. (Sandra Lynn). "Transcriptional control of muscle cell excitation-contraction coupling:the role of activity and mitochondrial function." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2019. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526222790.
Full textTiivistelmä Sydän- ja luustolihassolujen supistuminen on seurausta ärsytys-supistuskytkennästä (ECC), jossa sähköinen ärsytys kohottaa solunsisäistä kalsiumpitoisuutta ja aiheuttaa supistuksen. Tätä säädellään tarkasti fysiologisen tarpeen mukaan, ja se riippuu riittävästä energian saannista. Häiriintynyt ECC voi aiheuttaa vakavia seurauksia lihassolujen toiminnalle, ja se on mukana monien sydän- ja luustolihasten sairauksien synnyssä. Tässä tutkimuksessa ECC:n transkriptionaalista säätelyä tutkittiin luustolihasten ja sydämen lihassoluissa. Luustolihassolujen kalsekvestriinin (CASQ1) väheneminen pienensi SR:n Ca2+-määrää mitokondrioiden myopatian hiirimallissa ja heikensi Ca2+-tasapainon ylläpitoa Tfam-/--luustolihassoluissa. Viljellyissä vastasyntyneiden kammio-sydänlihassoluissa mitokondrio-irtikytkijän FCCP:n aiheuttama mitokondrioiden toimintahäiriö johti sydämen kalsekvestriinin (CASQ2) vähenemiseen ja heikensi samalla tavalla Ca2+-tasapainon ylläpitoa. Vaikka Tfam-/--myosyyteissä reaktiivisten happilajien (ROS) tasot eivät olleet koholla, FCCP:lle altistetuissa viljellyissä soluissa ROS kuitenkin lisääntyi. Vaikutusta esti ROS-puhdistaja NAC, joka heikensi FCCP:n aiheuttamaa CASQ2:n laskua ja palautti Ca2+-säätelyn normaaliksi. Mitokondrioiden toimintahäiriö siis johti CASQ1/2:n vähenemiseen ja Ca2+-säätelyn heikentymiseen molemmissa solutyypeissä, mutta eri mekanismeilla. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin myös Ca2+-dynamiikan osuutta Ca2+-tasapainoon osallistuvien geenien transkription säätelyssä. Lisääntynyt solunsisäinen Ca2+-taso ja sydänlihassolujen β-adrenerginen stimulointi aktivoivat Ca2+-kalmoduliinikinaasi II:n (CaMKII), ja ne voivat laukaista sydämen hypertrofisen uudelleenmuovautumisen. Havaittiin, että CaMKII vähensi L-tyypin Ca2+-kanavan a1c-alayksikön (Cacna1c) ilmentymistä viljellyissä sydänlihassoluissa. Promoottorianalyysi osoitti tämän johtuvan transkription repressorin DREAM:n sitoutumisesta oletettuun DRE:hen (alavirrassa sijaitseva säätelyelementti). Nämä tulokset tuovat uutta tietoa lihassolujen energiatalouden ja SR:n Ca2+:n vaikuttavien proteiinien transkription säätelyn vuorovaikutuksesta. Lisäksi havaittiin ainutlaatuinen Cacna1c-transkription säätelyn reitti, johon osallistuvat CaMKII ja DREAM
Kobata, Robert Steven 1954. "AN AUTOMATED METHOD OF MEASURING ISOLATED MUSCLE CONTRACTION (VERAPAMIL, HALOTHANE, CALCIUM-CHLORIDE, MAGNESIUM SULFATE, GUINEA PIG)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277003.
Full textKutchukian, Candice. "Signalisation calcique et couplage excitation-contraction dans le muscle squelettique : modulation par certains phosphoinositides et altérations associées dans deux myopathies centronucléaires." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1148/document.
Full textExcitation-contraction (EC) coupling is the process whereby a membrane depolarization leads to an increased cytosolic Ca2+ content, allowing contraction. Mutations in the genes MTM1 and DNM2 are responsible respectively for severe and moderate forms of centronuclear myopathy (CNM). In Mtm1 KO mouse model, MTM deficiency is associated with defective EC coupling, which makes probably the major contribution to muscle meakness.PdtIns(4,5)P2 involvement in regulating EC coupling has been investigated in muscle fibers expressing a voltage sensing PtdInsP phosphatase. Thanks to a combination of electrophysiology and confocal imaging techniques, we showed a reduction of SR Ca2+ release amplitude in response to strong depolarizations activating PdtIns(4,5)P2 depletion at plasma membrane.Secondly, we made a complete characterization of calcium signaling and EC coupling properties in isolated muscle fibers from Mtm1 KO mice. Our results demonstrate that SR Ca2+ release is depressed, delayed and spatially heterogeneous in diseased fibers. Moreover, we showed that pharmacological inhibition of PtdInsP 3-kinase activity improves these defects in vitro and mice survival in vivo, suggesting that accumulation of MTM1 substrates may participate to defective EC coupling. Overall, these results provide proof of concept for the use of PtdIns 3-kinase inhibitors in severe form of CNM.Finally, we showed that muscle fibers from murine model of moderate CNM form (KI-Dnm2R465W) share some of EC coupling defects with Mtm1 KO model (delayed SR Ca2+ release) that may contribute to muscle weakness. However, other defects (structural alterations, depressed SR Ca2+ release) affect more severely Mtm1 KO model, and may be critical in determining the severity of CNM
Mbikou, Prisca. "Etude expérimentale et théorique du couplage excitation-contraction dans le muscle lisse des voies aériennes de rat." Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21613.
Full textHonore, Eric. "Mise en évidence et origine de deux composantes de la contraction du muscle papillaire de cobaye." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10030.
Full textFlinn, Rory J. "Novel use of glycosylation scanning to map the intracellular trafficking of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1A." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 0.55 Mb., 80 p, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/1428192.
Full textSiddiqui, Jalal K. "Modeling the response of troponin C to calcium in increasingly complex systems." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1480258715871156.
Full textTeyssier, Perrine. "Mécanismes d'adressage et de rétention de la triadine à la triade au sein du muscle squelettique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAV047.
Full textSkeletal muscle is a complex tissue made up of many muscle cells. When a motor neuron in contact with muscle cells, emits an action potential, it propagates along the plasma membrane where it allows the activation of the calcium release complex (CRC), the massive calcium release of terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in the cytosol, and thus muscle contraction. This mechanism, called excitation-contraction coupling, requires a specific site of contact between the plasma membrane and the RS, called the triad. More precisely, a triad is composed of an invagination of the plasma membrane, the T-tubule, flanked by two terminal cisternae of the SR. At the triads, the CRC is centered on two calcium channels, the Dihydropyridine Receptor (DHPR) and the Ryanodine Receptor (RyR1), very precisely located face to face in their respective membranes: the T-tubule membrane and the membrane of the SR. Thus, when the membrane is depolarized, the DHPR undergoes a conformational change allowing the opening of RyR1 channel and the release of the calcium. CRC also contains other triad-specific proteins such as calsequestrin or triadin, which have key roles in modulating calcium release. Initiation of contraction thus depends on the precise contact between the SR membranes and the T-tubule membranes and also the exclusive localization of the CRC proteins at the triads. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying the precise organization of CRC proteins to the triad remain unknown.During this work, we focused on triadin, a CRC protein that would anchor other CRC proteins through the different interactions it has with RyR1, with calsequestrin and also with microtubules. We studied the mechanisms of trafficking and retention of triadin during muscle differentiation. To do this, the dynamics of triadin was explored by microscopy techniques and by reintroducing, using lentivirus, fluorescent triadin chimeras into differentiated muscle cells.Firstly, the study of CRC proteins targeting and retention in the triad revealed that triadin would take a vesicular pathway to exit the reticulum and reach the triads. This vesicular trafficking pathway would use the microtubule cytoskeleton and in particular the molecular motors and could be a pathway specific to skeletal muscle. In a second step and in later stages of differentiation, triadin would diffuse into SR membranes followed by its accumulation at the triads. Both mechanisms, diffusion and vesicular trafficking, could, however, coexist in a muscle cell. In all cases, once the triad is reached, triadin would be retained thanks to its transmembrane domain. Moreover, I also had the opportunity to take part in a project on the involvement of the MAP6 protein in muscle function. This project has shown that MAP6 is present in skeletal muscle and that its absence leads to muscle weakness associated with a decrease in calcium releases, as well as an impairment of the microtubule network and the organization of SR
Moutin, Marie-Jo. "Etude de la libération de calcium par le reticulum sarcoplasmique du muscle squelettique." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10086.
Full textWard, Christopher W. "The role of the apparent rate constant of cross-bridge transition from the strong binding state (G app ) in skeletal muscle force production." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37983.
Full textPh. D.
Braun, Alexander. "The Interaction between a Thiol Specific Probe (OPA) and the Single Channel Characteristics of the Reconstituted Ca++ Release Protein from Skeletal Muscle Sarcoplasmic Reticulum." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4869.
Full textBastide, Bruno Mounier Yvonne. "Plasticité de l'expression de protéines clés du couplage excitation-contraction du muscle squelettique dans un modèle d'atrophie fonctionnelle." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://www.univ-lille1.fr/bustl-grisemine/pdf/extheses/50376-2003-251-252.pdf.
Full textSynthèse de travaux en français et articles publiés en anglais reproduits dans le texte. N° d'ordre (Lille 1) : 396. Résumé. Curriculum vitae. Pagination multiple pour les articles reproduits. Bibliogr. p. 150-188 et à la suite des articles. Liste des publications.
Sanchez, Colline. "Biosenseurs fluorescents appliqués à l’étude de la fonction du réticulum sarcoplasmique dans le couplage excitation-contraction du muscle squelettique." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1164.
Full textExcitation-contraction (EC) coupling in skeletal muscle corresponds to the sequence of events through which muscle fiber contraction is triggered in response to plasma membrane electrical activity. EC coupling takes place at the triads; these are nanoscopic domains in which the transverse invaginations (t-tubules) of the surface membrane are in closed apposition with two adjacent terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane (SR). More precisely, EC coupling starts with action potentials fired at the endplate, propagating throughout the surface membrane and in depth into the muscle fiber through the t-tubules network. When reaching the triadic region, action potentials activate the voltage-sensing protein Cav1.1. In turns, Cav1.1 directly open up the type 1 ryanodine receptor (RYR1) in the immediately adjacent SR membrane, through intermolecular conformational coupling. This triggers RYR1-mediated SR Ca2+ release which produces an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ triggering contraction. Current understanding of the mechanisms involved in the control and regulation of RYR1 channels function is still limited. One reason is related to the fact that detection of RYR1 channel activity in intact muscle fibers is only achieved with indirect methods. Also, whether SR the membrane voltage experiences changes during muscle activity has so far never been experimentally assessed. Yet, deeper knowledge of these processes is essential for our understanding of muscle function in normal and disease conditions. In this context, the general aim of my PhD project was to design and use fluorescent protein biosensors specifically localized at the SR membrane of differentiated muscle fibers, by fusing them to an appropriate targeting sequence. Thanks to a combination of single cell physiology and biophysics techniques based on electrophysiology and biosensor fluorescence detection, we were able to study the SR activity during muscle fiber function. Specifically, my PhD work focused on two major issues: SR membrane voltage and SR calcium signaling during EC coupling. The first aim of my work was to characterize SR membrane voltage changes during muscle fiber activity. For this, we used voltage sensitive FRET-biosensors of the Mermaid family. Results show that the SR trans-membrane voltage experiences no substantial change during EC coupling. This provides the first experimental evidence, in physiological conditions, for the existence of ion counter-fluxes that balance the charge deficit associated with RYR1-mediated SR Ca2+ release. Indeed, this process is essential for maintaining the SR Ca2+ flux upon RYR1 channels opening and thus critically important for EC coupling efficiency. The second objective of my work aimed at detecting the changes in Ca2+ concentration occurring in the immediate vicinity of the RYR1 Ca2+ release channels during muscle fiber activation. For this, we took advantage of one member of the recent generation of genetically encoded Ca2+ biosensor: GCaMP6f. The SR-targeted biosensor provides a unique access to the individual activity of RYR1 channels populations within distinct triads of a same muscle fiber. Beyond allowing a detailed characterization of the biosensor properties in this preparation, results highlight the remarkable uniformity of SR Ca2+ release activation from one triad to another, during EC coupling. These results open up stimulating perspectives for the investigation of disease conditions associated with defective behavior of RYR1 channels
Robin, Gaëlle. "Caractérisation de l'efflux calcique du réticulum sarcoplasmique du muscle squelettique normal et dystrophique." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10138.
Full textContraction of skeletal muscle is triggered by the release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in response to depolarization of the sarcolemma. Depolarization elicits a conformational change of the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR) localized in the tubular membrane that controls the opening of the type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1), the SR Ca2+ release channel. At rest, RyR1s are kept in a closed state imposed by the repressive action of DHPRs. Yet, a resting Ca2+ efflux occurs across the SR membrane, constantly balanced by the pumping activity of SR Ca2+-ATPases. Several studies suggest that this SR Ca2+ efflux, considered as purely passive, may contribute to the alteration of Ca2+ homeostasis in one of the most common and severe skeletal muscle disease, namely the Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. The present work aims at characterizing the SR Ca2+ efflux in skeletal muscle fiber from normal and mdx mice, the murine model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, by combining voltage-clamp and intracellular Ca2+ measurements. The development of a methodology allowing direct monitoring of Ca2+ changes in the SR using the Fluo-5N led us to reveal an elevated SR Ca2+ leak in mdx fibers, which may contribute to the alteration of Ca2+ homeostasis. Still using this approach, we demonstrate that the resting SR Ca2+ efflux in normal skeletal muscle fiber is not, an uncontrolled process through RyR1 but is tightly controlled by DHPR. Finally, we investigates the SR Ca2+ efflux during long-lasting stimulation. Our data indicate that the decline of SR Ca2+ release in these conditions results from SR Ca2+depletion and does not involve voltage-dependent inactivation of SR Ca2+ release
Stuyvers, Bruno. "Modélisation et description du comportement instantané de la rigidité du muscle cardiaque : application à l'hypertrophie ventriculaire gauche expérimentale consécutive à une hypertension rénovasculaire chez le rat (modèle 2K-1C R.H.R)." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR28154.
Full textAndrianjafiniony, Tina. "Atrophie musculaire et récupération : homéostasie calcique, stress oxydant, apoptose et protéolyse musculaire." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10171.
Full textExposure to hypokinesia induces a functional and phenotypic atrophy of skeletal muscle. Several types ofmechanisms have been suggested to contribute to this plasticity phenomenon, including changes inintracellular calcium handling and in production of reactive oxygen species which, together withinflammatory processes, would activate muscle apoptosis and proteolysis pathways. The present workspecifically focussed on these mechanisms within the framework of a model of hypokinesia-inducedatrophy and of recovery from this atrophy. Measurements on isolated muscle cells revealed that the rateof myoplasmic calcium extrusion was considerably reduced in atrophied muscle fibres. This effect whichappears to be, at least in part, related to an altered mitochondrial contribution, may play a pivotal role inthe activation of calcium-dependent proteolysis pathways. We then studied the time course of changes inoxidative stress as well as in the expression level of several cytokines and proteins specifically involvedin proteolysis and caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways, along the course of recovery from atrophy. Ourresults demonstrate that, at early stages (1-5 days) of recovery, muscle re-growth is mediated via themodulation of mitochondrial-driven apoptosis and muscle proteolysis. In contrast, oxidative stress and theTNF-a related apoptotic pathway remain activated until late stages (14 days) of recovery, at a time whenmuscle mass has already recovered
Jacquemond, Vincent. "Rôle du courant calcium dans le couplage excitation-contraction de la fibre musculaire squelettique rapide de grenouille." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10166.
Full textConstantin, Bruno. "Développement in vitro du muscle squelettique de mammifère : fusion myoblastique, homéostasie calcique et cytosquelette." Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2337.
Full textMoreno-Gonzalez, Alicia. "Mechanical properties of myocardium following cardiomyocyte transplantation into infarcted hearts and investigations of the role of troponin C Ca2+ binding kinetics in skeletal muscle contraction /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8053.
Full textCacheux, Marine. "Effets fonctionnels de mutations de gènes codant des protéines du complexe de relâchement du calcium impliqués dans les pathologies du muscle strié." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENV075.
Full textThe calcium release complex (CRC) plays a central role in both skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction. The composition of the complex is quite similar in both tissues, and differs only by tissue specific isoforms. The core of the complex is composed of the dihydropyridines receptor, a voltage sensor channel of the T-tubule and the ryanodine receptor, the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium channel. A number of proteins are associated to this calcium channel like calsequestrin, triadin, junction and FKBP. Mutations in the skeletal CRC are responsible for rare and often severe diseases. This thesis work focuses on the study of physiopathological mechanisms induced by some of these mutations to decipher pathological mecanisms but also to understand the overall CRC functioning in skeletal and cardiac muscles. The first part of this study concerns RYR1, the skeletal RyR isoform coding gene. This gene is mostly the target of mutations resulting in core myopathies. The functional effect of these mutations spred on the entire RYR1 sequence is little known. These mutations could directly alter the calcium channel function but also its targeting to the triad or its regulation by other CRC proteins. Among these hypotheses, the modification of RyR1 localisation and regulation by a protein, Caveolin-3, have been highlighted with the study of two RyR1 mutations. The second part of this study concerns the catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), a rare fatal arrhythmia caused in part by mutations in RYR2 and CASQ2, both belonging to the cardiac CRC,. Recently, we have identified the first mutations in the human triadin gene, TRDN, in a CPVT patient. The goal of this project was to study the molecular and physiological consequences of one of these TRDN mutations allowing the analysis of the pathological mechanisms of this disease, but also a better understanding of the normal function of the cardiac CRC
Blaineau, Sylvie. "Les réservoirs calciques dans les cellules musculaires cardiaques et squelettiques au cours du couplage excitation-contraction : étude ultrastructurale, cytochimique, analytique, électrophysiologique." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO10066.
Full textDivet, Alexandra. "Rôle des mécanismes intracellulaires de régulation du calcium dans la dystrophie musculaire de Duchenne : approche physiologique, pharmacologique et moléculaire." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT2039.
Full textBlackman, Sarah Kathryn. "Contribution of Calcium Entry through Non-Voltage Operated Calcium Channels to the Contractile Response of Vascular Smooth Muscle to Agonists." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487202.
Full textFarah, Chuck Shaker. "Funções estruturais e regulatórias das regiões N- e C-terminal da troponina I." Universidade de São Paulo, 1994. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-08082012-152838/.
Full textThe troponin-tropomyosin complex regulates skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction. Calcium binding to the regulatory sites in the N-terminal domain of troponin C (TnC). induces a conformational change which removes the inhibitory action of troponin I (TnI) and initiates muscular contraction. We used recombinant TnI fragments and a series of TnC mutants to study the structural and regulatory interactions between different TnI regions and the domains of TnC, TnT and actin-tropomyosin. Our results indicate that TnI is organized into regions with distinct structural and regulatory functions which bind, in an antiparallel manner, with the corresponding structural and regulatory domains of TnC. Functional studies show that a fragment containing the inhibitory and C-terminal regions of TnI (TnIl03-182) can regulate the actomyosin ATPase in a Ca2+- dependent manner. Regulation was not observed with a fragment containing the N-terminal and inhibitory regions (TnIl-116). Binding studies show that the N-terminal region of TnI (TnI1-98) interacts with the C-terminal domain of TnC in the presence of Ca2+ or Mg2+. The inhibitory/C-terminal region of TnI (TnI103-182) binds to the N-terminal domain of TnC in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Based on these results, we propose a model for the Ca2+ -induced conformational change. In this model the N-terminal region of TnI is bound strongly to the C-terminal domain of TnC in the presence or absence of Ca2+. The inhibitory and C-terminal regions of TnI bind to actin-tropomyosin in the absence of Ca2+ and to tne N- and C-terminal domains of TnC in the presence of Ca2+.
Leboeuf, Jackie. "Effets du bepridil sur les proprietes electrophysiologiques et contractiles du muscle cardiaque : mise en evidence d'une action intracellulaire." Nantes, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NANT2001.
Full textChataigneau, Thierry. "Caractérisation d'une conductance chlorure activée par le calcium dans les cellules musculaires lisses de l'aorte de rat : régulation par la voie du monoxyde d'azote (NO) et implication dans le contrôle du tonus vasculaire." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2321.
Full textBichraoui, Hicham. "Identification de nouveaux déterminants moléculaires de l'interaction du récepteur des dihydropyridines avec le récepteur à la ryanodine." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00615499.
Full textIn skeletal muscle, the action potential triggers muscle contraction through a massive calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). This process, called excitation-contraction coupling (ECC), requires physical interactions between two calcium channels: (1) the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR), a voltage-dependent channel composed of four subunits among which the α1S subunit, that forms both the pore and the voltage-sensor, and the ß1a subunit fully cytoplasmic, and (2) the ryanodine receptor (RyR1) which is responsible of calcium release from SR. ß1a subunit interacts with both RyRl and the α1S subunit. The mechanism whereby the DHPR is functionally coupled to RyR1 is still not clearly understood. During my thesis, I identified new molecular and structural determinants of the interaction between RyR and DHPR. I demonstrated the existence of intramolecular interactions between the cytoplasmic loops of the α1S subunit centered on a domain called domain A. I also localized the site of interaction of the caveoline-3 on the 1-11 loop of al S. The study of the interaction of the ßla subunit with RyR1 showed (1) that the C-terminal region of ß1a controls this interaction, (2) that the affinity of this interaction is strongly increased by the interaction of ß1a with α1S, and 3) that the interaction ß1a/RyR1 regulates the closure of RyR1. The use of a toxin, the maurocalcine (MCa) which behaves as an analogue of the domain A allowed me to identify a minimal domain of RyR1 responsible for the binding of the MCa and the domain A. A structural study by NMR of this domain has been realized. Finally, I studied the effect of the MCa on myotubes not expressing the α1S sub-unit. I showed that the MCa is capable of restoring in absence of DHPR, an increase of the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration triggered by the depolarization of the plasma membrane
Lorin, Charlotte. "Altérations architecturales et fonctionnelles des éléments du couplage excitation-contraction des cardiomyocytes murins déficients en dystrophine." Poitiers, 2011. http://nuxeo.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/750bf3b2-44fb-48f1-81b7-d4583ab98419.
Full textDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a sex-linked recessive progressive disease characterized by the loss of the sub-membrane protein dystrophin. This fatal disease leads to degeneration of skeletal and cardiac muscles. 90% of DMD patients present a dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) characterized by ventricular dilation and progressive decline in cardiac contractility that lead to patients mortality around 25 years old. Several researches suggest that dystrophin-deficient cells show membrane instability and, in the heart, calcium dysregulation leading to cardiac arrhythmias. Actually, it remains unclear whether these disruptions in dystrophic hearts are a result of wounded membranes caused by dystrophin deficiency or/and calcium transporters alterations. We described membrane structural damages and disorganisations, from the surface to the depth, of cardiomyocytes from the mdx mouse model of DMD. Experiments have been performed with Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy (SICM) to characterize the loss of integrity of cardiomyocytes surface in dystrophin deficiency. Furthermore, functional approach revealed modifications of sparks which displayed doubled frequency at rest and an excitation-induced calcium release involved in Excitation-Contraction (EC) coupling slower in mdx cardiomyocytes. Thus, our experimental data show that ryanodine receptors, with drastic changes in functional properties, are involved in these dysregulations in dystrophin-deficient cardiomyocytes. We cannot assert that the loss of dystrophin is entirely responsible for structural and functional disruptions. However, we propose that, in the heart, dystrophin would play a “staking” role involved in maintaining the plasma membrane integrity not only at the cell surface but also in preserving T-Tubules structure in the depth of cardiomyocytes. In this way, calcium homeostasis would be preserved
Sol-Rolland, José. "Les sulfone indolizines : caractérisation et purification de leur site de liaison associé au canal calcique lent voltage-dépendant du muscle squelettique de babouin." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20097.
Full textGonzalez, de la Fuente Patrick. "Physiopathologie cellulaire du muscle lisse vasculaire pulmonaire : rôle de l'influx calcique capacitif et effet de l'hypoxie." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR28373.
Full textLeach, Eric Thomas. "T.R.A.N.S.I.T. Electrical Stimulation to Improve Muscle Quality In Older Individuals: A Case Series." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1461327806.
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