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Journal articles on the topic 'Calcined dolomite'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Mohammed, M. A. A., A. Salmiaton, W. A. K. G. Wan Azlina, M. S. Mohamad Amran, and Y. H. Taufiq-Yap. "Preparation and Characterization of Malaysian Dolomites as a Tar Cracking Catalyst in Biomass Gasification Process." Journal of Energy 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/791582.

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Three types of local Malaysian dolomites were characterized to investigate their suitability for use as tar-cracking catalysts in the biomass gasification process. The dolomites were calcined to examine the effect of the calcination process on dolomite’s catalytic activity and properties. The modifications undergone by dolomites consequent to thermal treatment were investigated using various analytical methods. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses indicated that the dolomites underwent two stages of decomposition during the calcination process. The X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectra analyses showed that thermal treatment of dolomite played a significant role in the disappearance of the CaMg(CO3)2phase, producing the MgO-CaO form of dolomite. The scanning electron microscopy microphotographs of dolomite indicated that the morphological properties were profoundly affected by the calcination process, which led to the formation of a highly porous surface with small spherical particles. In addition, the calcination of dolomite led to the elimination of carbon dioxide and increases in the values of the specific surface area and average pore diameter, as indicated by surface area analysis. The results showed that calcined Malaysian dolomites have great potential to be applied as tar-cracking catalysts in the biomass gasification process based on their favorable physical properties.

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2

Wang, Fei, Toshihiro Kuzuya, Shinji Hirai, Jihua Li, and Te Li. "Carbon Dioxide Absorption and Release Properties of Pyrolysis Products of Dolomite Calcined in Vacuum Atmosphere." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/862762.

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The decomposition of dolomite into CaO and MgO was performed at 1073 K in vacuum and at 1273 K in an Ar atmosphere. The dolomite calcined in vacuum was found to have a higher specific surface area and a higher micropore volume when compared to the dolomite calcined in the Ar atmosphere. These pyrolysis products of dolomite were reacted with CO2at 673 K for 21.6 ks. On the absorption of CO2, the formation of CaCO3was observed. The degree of absorption of the dolomite calcined in vacuum was determined to be above 50%, which was higher than the degree of absorption of the dolomite calcined in the Ar atmosphere. The CO2absorption and release procedures were repeated three times for the dolomite calcined in vacuum. The specific surface area and micropore volume of calcined dolomite decreased with successive repetitions of the CO2absorption and release cycles leading to a decrease in the degree of absorption of CO2.

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3

Hartman, M., O. Trnka, and K. Svoboda. "Fluidization characteristics of dolomite and calcined dolomite particles." Chemical Engineering Science 55, no. 24 (December 2000): 6269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2509(00)00409-7.

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4

Ñústez Castaño, Stephanie Alexa, Duvan Oswaldo Villamizar Castro, and Edgar Mauricio Vargas Solano. "Evaluation of dolomite as catalyst in the transesterification reaction using palm oil (RBD)." DYNA 86, no. 209 (April 1, 2019): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n209.74126.

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In this study, the catalytic activity of dolomite was evaluated for the transesterification of Colombian RBD palm oil with methanol, carried out in a batch reactor at 333,15K and 600rpm. The activated dolomites (calcined at 1073.15K for 2h) were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Hammett indicators method, and quantification of the surface area, average pore size and average pore volume BET. The influence of reaction variables such as catalyst amount (%wt /wt) and methanol / palm oil molar ratio (mole/mole) was investigated. Under the suitable reaction conditions, the amount of calcined dolomite equal to 4% (wt /wt) based on the weight of oil, the methanol-oil molar ratio equal to 9:1, and the reaction time = 1h, the methyl ester content of 82.67% of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) can be achieved.

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5

Li, Ying Jie, Xin Xie, Chang Tian Liu, and Sheng Li Niu. "Cyclic Carbonation Properties of CMA as CO₂ Sorbent at High Temperatures." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 655–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.655.

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Calcium-based minerals cyclic calcination/carbonation reaction is an effective approach to CO2 capture for coal-fired power plants. It was proposed that dolomite modified with acetic acid solution, i.e. calcium magnesium acetate (CMA), acted as a new CO2 sorbent for calcination/carbonation cycles. The carbonation conversions for CMA and dolomite with the number of cycles were experimentally investigated. The cyclic conversion for CMA is much greater than that for dolomite for the carbonation at 650-700 °C. The carbonation conversion for CMA achieves as high as 0.6 after 20 cycles. CMA maintains the great conversion for calcination at 1100 °C. CMA had a better anti-sintering than dolomite. The pore volume and pore area distributions for calcined CMA are superior to those for calcined dolomite.

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6

Vijan, Cristina Andreea, Alina Badanoiu, Georgeta Voicu, and Adrian Ionut Nicoara. "Phosphate Cements Based on Calcined Dolomite: Influence of Calcination Temperature and Silica Addition." Materials 14, no. 14 (July 9, 2021): 3838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143838.

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The aim of this study is to assess the possibility of obtaining phosphate cements based on dolomite calcined at various temperatures with/without quartz sand addition. A lower calcination temperature of dolomite (1200 °C) determines a high increase in the system temperature when calcined dolomite is mixed with KH2PO4 (MKP) solution and also a rapid expansion of the paste. The increase in calcination temperature up to 1400 °C reduces the oxides reactivity; however, for lower dosages of MKP, the expansion phenomenon is still recorded. The increase in MKP dosage increases the compressive strength due to the formation of K-struvite. The mixing of dolomite with sand, followed by thermal treatment at 1200 °C, modifies its composition and reactivity; the compressive strength of phosphate cements obtained by mixing this solid precursor with MKP increases up to 28 days of curing. We assessed the nature of hydrates formed in the phosphate systems studied by X-ray diffraction in order to explain the hardening processes and the mechanical properties of these systems. The microstructure and elemental composition of hardened cement pastes were assessed by scanning electronic microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The phosphate cements based on calcined magnesite or dolomite were used to immobilize an industrial hazardous waste with high chromium content. The partial substitution of calcined magnesite/dolomite with this waste determines an important decrease in compressive strengths. Nevertheless, the leaching tests confirm an adequate immobilization of chromium in some of the matrices studied (for a waste dosage corresponding to 0.5 wt % Cr).

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7

Baslayici, S., M. Bugdayci, A. Turan, L. Oncel, and E. Acma. "Flue Gas Desulfurization by Using Calcined Dolomite." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 614 (September 24, 2019): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/614/1/012015.

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8

Sasaki, Keiko, Mari Yoshida, Bashir Ahmmad, Naoyuki Fukumoto, and Tsuyoshi Hirajima. "Sorption of fluoride on partially calcined dolomite." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 435 (October 2013): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.11.039.

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9

Lopez-Ortiz, A., V. Collins-Martinez, and D. P. Harrison. "SER Process Variable Evaluation for the Production of Hydrogen using Calcined Dolomite." Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems 14, no. 2 (April 7, 2011): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14447/jnmes.v14i2.120.

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Reaction performance of the sorption enhanced reforming (SER) process for the production of hydrogen was studied using commercial dolomite as inexpensive solid CO2 absorbent. The combined reforming, shift, and CO2 separation reactions were studied using a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor as a function of temperature, feed gas composition, dolomite type, and dolomite and catalyst particle sizes. Reactor was loaded with a mixture of calcined dolomite (≈ 23g) and a commercial reforming catalyst (NiO/Al2O3, ≈ 10g). Temperature was varied from 550 to 650°C at 15 atm. Feed gas composition was varied from 6 to 20% CH4/balance N2 and steam, with a feed H2O/CH4 ratio = 4. Two sources of dolomite were used; Rockwell and Stonelite. Particle sizes of dolomite and catalyst were 75>dp>150 μm and 300>dp>425 μm, respectively and were inversely varied. Results show that at 550°C Ca(OH)2 formation is possible, thus reducing the available CaO for carbonation, negatively affecting the performance of the SER system, while 650°C reached the SER thermodynamic equilibrium (TE). The use of dolomite approached the TE of the feed gas compositions studied, disregarding of its source. Kinetic effects observed in the tests suggest that small dolomite and large catalyst particles favor the decrease of CO2 diffusion effects.

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10

Çakırca, Emine E., Gizem N Tekin, Oğuzhan İlgen, and Ayşe N Akın. "Catalytic activity of CaO-based catalyst in transesterification of microalgae oil with methanol." Energy & Environment 30, no. 1 (July 17, 2018): 176–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x18787317.

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In this work, activities of modified dolomite catalysts using calcium acetate in the heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of microalgae oil with methanol were investigated. Modified catalysts were prepared via wet impregnation method and calcined 850°C for 2 h. Reaction conditions were examined as the catalyst type, amount of catalyst, methanol/microalgae oil molar ratio, and reusability of the catalyst using the dolomite and modified dolomite catalysts. When investigated reusability of the modified dolomite catalyst in the transesterification of microalgae oil with methanol, catalyst was reused three times with a small loss of activity. After fourth run, reused catalyst was calcined again and got similar activity to the first run. The highest fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) yield of 90% was obtained when the reaction was performed with methanol/microalgae oil molar ratio of 6:1, catalyst amount of 3%, and reaction temperature at 65°C for 3 h by using the 30% CaO/dolomite catalyst.

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11

Yucel, Onuralp, Selen Yiğit, and Bora Derin. "Production of Magnesium Metal from Turkish Calcined Dolomite Using Vacuum Silicothermic Reduction Method." Materials Science Forum 488-489 (July 2005): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.488-489.39.

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In the present study, the production of magnesium metal from Turkish calcined dolomite containing 43.20 % MgO and 47.46 % CaO via Pidgeon process was studied under the pressure of 1 mbar. In the experiments, Turkish ferrosilicon containing 75 % Si and 24 % Fe was used as reducing agent. Effects of FeSi addition (90-150 % of stoichiometric requirement of silicon) and time (60-240 min.) were investigated on recovering of metallic magnesium from calcined dolomite (dolime) at the temperature of 1200 °C. Effects of fluxing additive (CaF2), calcined magnesite and different temperatures on Mg recoveries and concentrations were also studied using with 100 % of stoichiometric requirement of silicon for 180 min. It was found that magnesium recovery increases with increasing FeSi addition, temperature, time, CaF2 addition and decreases with increasing calcined magnesite additions under the pressure of 1 mbar.

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12

Pesonen, Janne, Pekka Myllymäki, Sari Tuomikoski, Gwen Vervecken, Tao Hu, Hanna Prokkola, Pekka Tynjälä, and Ulla Lassi. "Use of Calcined Dolomite as Chemical Precipitant in the Simultaneous Removal of Ammonium and Phosphate from Synthetic Wastewater and from Agricultural Sludge." ChemEngineering 3, no. 2 (April 18, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering3020040.

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Phosphorus as phosphate and nitrogen as ammonium or nitrate are the main nutrients in wastewaters and agricultural sludges. They runoff easily to waterways and cause eutrophication in water bodies. However, ammonium and phosphate could be precipitated simultaneously and used as recycled nutrients. In this research, dolomite calcined at 650 °C, 750 °C, or 950 °C and commercial MgO were used as precipitants in simultaneous phosphate and ammonium removal from synthetic (NH4)2HPO4 solution and agricultural sludge. Calcination at 750 °C was the preferred option as dolomite was decomposed to MgO and CaCO3 for optimal struvite precipitation. Molar ratios of 1.1–1.6:1–2:2 (Mg:P:N) were employed in the experiments. Very robust ammonium removal was obtained with MgO (57%), dolomite 650 °C and dolomite 750 °C (75%). MgO removed almost all phosphate, while dolomite 650 °C removed 65%, and dolomite 750 °C removed 60% (70% from agricultural sludge). Some part of the phosphate was adsorbed, most likely by CaCO3, during dolomite precipitation. Struvite was the only identified reaction product in all samples after 24 h of precipitation. Calcined dolomite had great potential in ammonium and phosphate precipitation from both synthetic waters and agricultural sludges and the precipitates could be used as recycled fertilizers.

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13

Motlagh, A. H., S. V. Klyuev, A. Surendar, A. Z. Ibatova, and A. Maseleno. "Catalytic gasification of oil sludge with calcined dolomite." Petroleum Science and Technology 36, no. 23 (November 5, 2018): 1998–2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10916466.2018.1528275.

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14

Li, Jie, Jun Pan, and Shi Jun Wang. "Study on the Influence Factor of the Caustic Calcined Dolomite Based Compound Desulfurizer Melt Point." Advanced Materials Research 402 (November 2011): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.402.165.

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Caustic calcined dolomite based compound desulfurizer by the silicon thermal reduction method was taken as study object. Effect of fluxing agent and heating agent on caustic calcined dolomite based compound desulfurizer melting point was studied. The result showed that heating agent was the major influential factor for the melting point of compound desulfurizer, melting point of the compound desulfurizer gradually reduced with the increase of heating agent. Fluxing agents of CaF2 and SiO2 were the minor influential factors for the melting point of compound desulfurizer. The lowest melting point condition for the compound desulfurizer was：7% CaF2+11% Al2O3+17% SiO2 + 56% heating agent.

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15

Xue, Jing Hua, Min Fang Han, and Qing Yun Wang. "Study of Carbonizing Processes for Sintered Dolomite." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 2552–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.2552.

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It is the easy and widely used way to make light calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate from dolomite by carbonizing process. During this process, the dolomite is calcined at different temperature, from 700°C to 950°C to get the mixture including either calcium carbonate and magnesia or calcia and magnesia. Then the mixture is blended with water in different temperature from room temperature to 80°C. As a result, it is supposed to get calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, but XRD analysis reveals that it is not accord with the theory. Magnesium hydroxide can not be obtained during this reaction. After the carbonization process, the calcium carbonate and a kind of mixture which is composed with different crystal phase of Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2[H2O]4 have been produced, instead of magnesium carbonate. The magnesia is gotten when the mixture is calcined at 450~750°C.

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16

Ma, Hongzhou, Zhixian Wang, Yaoning Wang, and Dingding Wang. "Phase transformation involved in the reduction process of magnesium oxide in calcined dolomite by ferrosilicon with additive of aluminum." Green Processing and Synthesis 9, no. 1 (February 11, 2020): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gps-2020-0017.

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AbstractMetal magnesium is mainly produced from the calcined dolomite by the silicothermic production. However, in this process, the reduction temperature is higher while the reaction speed is slow, which results in higher energy consumption and serious environmental problems. In this paper, adding aluminum into the ferrosilicon reducing agent is expected to lower the reaction temperature so as to solve the problems above. The phase transition involved in the whole reduction process including with and without aluminum addition were investigated in details by theoretical calculation and experimental research. The influence of aluminum on the magnesium oxide reduction path was analysis to clarify the internal mechanism. The results show that aluminum added into the ferrosilicon would first react with magnesium oxide to form magnesium vapor and alumina under vacuum pressure of 10 Pa when the temperature rises to 720°C. Then, calcium aluminate would be formed by the reaction of aluminum oxide and calcium oxide. Once the temperature reaches 1150°C, silicon begins to reduce the magnesium oxide to create the silicon oxide that will finally react with calcium oxide to form calcium silicate. When the temperature rises above 1150°C, both the aluminum and silicon will participate in the reduction of magnesium oxide. In the process of heating up, the mixture of aluminum, ferrosilicon and calcined dolomite forms Mg2Al4Si5O18 and Ca3Al2(OH)12 phase with the components in calcined dolomite. Mg2Al4Si5O18 and Ca3Al2(OH)12 phase finally form Ca12Al14O33 phase. The interaction between aluminum and ferrosilicon in the mixture is less; the mixture of aluminum and ferrosilicon first forms Al3FeSi2 phase, and finally has the trend of forming Al4.5FeSi phase. There is a great difference between the phase transformation of aluminum in the mixture of aluminum, ferrosilicon and calcined dolomite and that of aluminum in the mixture of aluminum and ferrosilicon.

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17

Leontakianakos, G., I. Baziotis, E. Profitis, E. Chatzitheodoridis, and S. Tsimas. "Assessment of the quality of calcination of marbles from Thassos Island using Raman spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 4 (September 5, 2013): 2040. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11088.

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The degree of calcination of a dolomitic and a calcitic marble from Thassos Island, was investigated, by combining both Raman spectroscopy (RS) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The samples were prepared in isometric 2 cm cubes and calcined at three different temperatures, 900, 1050 and 1200 0C for 2 hours in order to produce quick lime. RS was applied at the lime sample’s surface and inner (near core) part after gently crushing. XRD was applied on the bulk rock specimens in order to verify the transformation process during heating of the raw material. Quality control of the applied calcination procedure is provided through the hydration of quick lime. The rise in solution temperature suggests the chemical “reactivity” of the produced slaked lime. Raman and XRD results revealed the presence of unburned quantities of calcite and dolomite on samples that were calcined at 900 0C. Furthermore, temperatures of 1050 and 1200 0C have shown comparable mineralogical features signifying evenly the conversion of carbonate minerals to their oxide equivalents, proving the completion of the calcination process. Finally, reactivity tests showed that the highest reactivity value of the produced quicklime, for both marbles is observed at the temperature of 1050 0C.

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18

Teixeira, Paula, Auguste Fernandes, Filipa Ribeiro, and Carla I. C. Pinheiro. "Blending Wastes of Marble Powder and Dolomite Sorbents for Calcium-Looping CO2 Capture under Realistic Industrial Calcination Conditions." Materials 14, no. 16 (August 5, 2021): 4379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14164379.

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The use of wastes of marble powder (WMP) and dolomite as sorbents for CO2 capture is extremely promising to make the Ca-looping (CaL) process a more sustainable and eco-friendly technology. For the downstream utilization of CO2, it is more realistic to produce a concentrated CO2 stream in the calcination step of the CaL process, so more severe conditions are required in the calciner, such as an atmosphere with high concentration of CO2 (>70%), which implies higher calcination temperatures (>900 °C). In this work, experimental CaL tests were carried out in a fixed bed reactor using natural CaO-based sorbent precursors, such as WMP, dolomite and their blend, under mild (800 °C, N2) and realistic (930 °C, 80% CO2) calcination conditions, and the sorbents CO2 carrying capacity along the cycles was compared. A blend of WMP with dolomite was tested as an approach to improve the CO2 carrying capacity of WMP. As regards the realistic calcination under high CO2 concentration at high temperature, there is a strong synergetic effect of inert MgO grains of calcined dolomite in the blended WMP + dolomite sorbent that leads to an improved stability along the cycles when compared with WMP used separately. Hence, it is a promising approach to tailor cheap waste-based blended sorbents with improved carrying capacity and stability along the cycles under realistic calcination conditions.

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19

Adánez, J., A. Abad, L. F. de Diego, F. García-Labiano, and P. Gayán. "Direct Sulfidation of Half-Calcined Dolomite under Pressurized Conditions." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 43, no. 15 (July 2004): 4132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie030804y.

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20

Watanabe, Tomohide, Hitoki Matsuda, and Masanobu Hasatani. "Reactivity of Fully Calcined Dolomite Particles with Sulfur Dioxide." KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU 19, no. 6 (1993): 1015–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/kakoronbunshu.19.1015.

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21

Kim, Hurn, and Dalkeun Park. "Reactivity of calcined limestone and dolomite with sulfur dioxide." Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 4, no. 2 (September 1987): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02697430.

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22

Zhang, Guozhao, Hao Liu, Jia Wang, and Baojia Wu. "Catalytic gasification characteristics of rice husk with calcined dolomite." Energy 165 (December 2018): 1173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.10.030.

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23

Feng, Yu, Bo Xiao, Klaus Goerner, and Ravi Naidu. "Influence of Catalyst and Temperature on Gasification Performance." Advanced Materials Research 281 (July 2011): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.281.90.

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In the present study the catalytic steam gasification of biomass to produce hydrogen-rich gas with calcined dolomite and Nano-NiO/γ-Al2O3 as catalyst in an externally heated fixed bed reactor was investigated. The influence of the catalyst and reactor temperature on gasification performance was studied at the temperature range of 700°C-900°C. Over the ranges of experimental conditions examined, Nano-NiO/γ-Al2O3 and calcined dolomite both revealed better catalytic performance, at the presence of steam, tar was completely decomposed as temperature increases from 800°C to 900°C. Higher temperature resulted in more H2 and CO2 production, and dry gas yield. The highest H2 content of 58.27V% and the highest H2 yield of 2.23 Nm3/ kg biomass were observed at the highest temperature level of 900°C.

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24

CHEN, Xue-Gang, Shuang-Shuang LÜ, Xiu-Ti LI, Lu ZHANG, Ping-Ping ZHANG, and Ying YE. "Preparation of Magnesium Hydroxide Chloride Hydrate Nanowires Using Calcined Dolomite." Journal of Inorganic Materials 26, no. 2 (February 25, 2011): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1077.2011.10535.

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25

Britton, H. T. S., S. J. Gregg, and E. G. J. Willing. "The heat treatment of dolomite. III. The precipitation of magnesia from sea-water by calcined dolomite." Journal of Applied Chemistry 2, no. 12 (May 4, 2007): 701–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5010021206.

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26

Djayaprabha, Herry Suryadi, Ta-Peng Chang, and Jeng-Ywan Shih. "Comparison Study of Dynamic Elastic Moduli of Cement Mortar and No-cement Slag Based Cementitious Mortar Activated with Calcined Dolomite with Impulse Excitation Technique." MATEC Web of Conferences 186 (2018): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818602004.

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This paper presents the comparison of an experimental investigation on compressive strength and dynamic elastic moduli of mortars made of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) incorporating with calcined dolomite. Dolomite powder calcined at temperature 900°C emerged as a GGBFS activator for producing cementitious mortar binder. In this study, no-cement mortar is made by activating GGBFS with calcined dolomite by a fixed amount of 20 wt%. The compressive strengths and dynamic elastic moduli were measured at 7 and 28 days. Comparing with cement mortar, the compressive strength of no-cement mortar was found about 54.4 and 46.9% lower at ages of 7 and 28 days, respectively. Non-destructive evaluation of the dynamic elastic moduli was investigated by impulse excitation technique (IET). It measures the resonant frequencies of induced vibration signal in the flexural and torsional mode for determining the dynamic Young's modulus and the dynamic shear modulus. The Poisson's ratio was calculated by the dynamic Young's modulus and the dynamic shear modulus relationship. The results showed that the 28-day dynamic Young's and shear moduli of cement mortar were 31.91 and 14.43 GPa, respectively. The dynamic Young's and shear moduli of no-cement mortar were lower by 23.3 and 15.2% than that of cement mortar at the age of 28 days. The obtained results showed that the 28-day Poisson's ratio of no-cement mortar had a wider range between 0.177 and 0.209 than that of cement mortar which ranged from 0.180 to 0.185.

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27

FU, Da-xue, Nai-xiang FENG, Yao-wu WANG, Jian-ping PENG, and Yue-zhong DI. "Kinetics of extracting magnesium from mixture of calcined magnesite and calcined dolomite by vacuum aluminothermic reduction." Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 24, no. 3 (March 2014): 839–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(14)63133-2.

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28

FU, Da-xue, Yao-wu WANG, Jian-ping PENG, Yue-zhong DI, Shao-hu TAO, and Nai-xiang FENG. "Mechanism of extracting magenesium from mixture of calcined magnesite and calcined dolomite by vacuum aluminothermic reduction." Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 24, no. 8 (August 2014): 2677–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(14)63398-7.

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29

Santos, Regina C. R., Rômulo B. Vieira, and Antoninho Valentini. "Optimization Study in Biodiesel Production via Response Surface Methodology Using Dolomite as a Heterogeneous Catalyst." Journal of Catalysts 2014 (November 30, 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/213607.

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A carbonate mineral, dolomite, was used as a heterogeneous catalyst to produce methyl-esters from soybean oil. The samples were analyzed by XRF, TGA, XRD, TPD-CO2, and SEM. The calcination of dolomite at 800°C/1 h resulted in a highly active mixed metal oxides. In addition, the influence of the reaction variables such as the temperature, catalyst amount, and methanol/soybean oil molar ratio in methyl-ester production was optimized by the application of a central composite design in conjunction with the response surface methodology (RSM). The XRF analysis is carried out after the reuses procedure which shows that the deactivation process is mainly due to the selective calcium leaching. Overall, the calcined dolomite exhibited high catalytic activity at moderate operating conditions for biodiesel production.

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30

Wulandari, Winny, Subagjo, Anggoro Tri Mursito, Fadly Junico Juanjaya, and Muhammad Faqih Alwi. "Performance of Dolomite Calcination in a Bench-Scale Rotary Kiln." MATEC Web of Conferences 156 (2018): 06008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815606008.

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Dolomite calcination is one of process steps to prepare calcined dolomite for raw materials in magnesium production. Calcination of dolomite involves heating the raw material at sufficient temperature in order to release the carbon dioxide from its carbonate minerals. This process is commonly conducted in a rotary kiln. There have been a number of calcination studies in a laboratory scale, but the study of dolomite calcination in a larger scale is very scarce. This research is aimed to study the performance of dolomite calcination in a bench-scale rotary kiln with 500 gram of feed. The effect of various parameters, including temperatures, feed rate, rotating frequency, and particle size were examined. The temperature of rotary kiln was varied between 700 and 1000 °C, while the particle size of dolomite was varied between 0.149 – 0.297 mm and up to 10 – 15 mm. The temperature distribution inside the rotary kiln was also measured. It is obtained that a conversion of 92% was attained at operation temperature of 1000 °C, which is at a higher temperature compared to the laboratory scale, where a conversion of 100% was obtained at 900 °C. This imply that the effect of heat transfer also plays important role in the calcination of dolomite especially at a larger scale.

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31

Qin, M., Y. Wu, K. Wang, Y. Tian, and G. Li. "Phase-pure mullite proppant from calcined flint clay with a dolomite content." Materiali in tehnologije 53, no. 5 (October 15, 2019): 725–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17222/mit.2019.039.

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32

Stendardo, Stefano, Luca Di Felice, Katia Gallucci, and Pier Ugo Foscolo. "CO2 capture with calcined dolomite: the effect of sorbent particle size." Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 1, no. 3 (July 15, 2011): 149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-011-0018-y.

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Gu, Kai, Fei Jin, Abir Al-Tabbaa, and Bin Shi. "Activation of ground granulated blast furnace slag by using calcined dolomite." Construction and Building Materials 68 (October 2014): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.06.044.

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SILABAN, A., M. NARCIDA, and D. P. HARRISON. "CHARACTERISTICS OF THE REVERSIBLE REACTION BETWEEN CO2(g) AND CALCINED DOLOMITE." Chemical Engineering Communications 146, no. 1 (April 1996): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986449608936487.

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35

Mitchell, A. D., P. Loganathan, T. W. Payn, and R. W. Tillman. "Magnesium fertiliser dissolution rates in pumice soils under Pinus radiata." Soil Research 38, no. 3 (2000): 753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr99083.

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Application of Mg fertilisers has been suggested as a means of reducing the incidence of Mg deficiency of forest trees in New Zealand and Europe. The objective of this study was to determine the rates of dissolution of a range of Mg fertilisers applied to a pumice soil (Typic Udivitrand). The rate of fertiliser dissolution was little influenced by whether the fertiliser was applied directly on to the soil surface (litter removed) or on to the litter layer in a Pinus radiata plantation. Twenty-seven months since fertiliser application the mean (with and without litter) percentage of Mg dissolved was in the sequence: Epsom salts > calcined magnesite 1–2 mm > granmag (a partially acidulated and granulated calmag product) > calcined magnesite 2–4 mm > forestry grade dolomite. The specific dissolution rate constants (mg/cm2 .day of fertiliser) for the slowly soluble Mg fertilisers calculated using an elemental sulfur oxidation cubic model were 587 for calcined magnesite 1–2 mm, 426 for calcined magnesite 2–4 mm, 385 for granmag, and 18 for forestry grade dolomite. In a laboratory incubation study the elemental sulfur oxidation cubic model described the rate of dissolution of Mg fertilisers within narrow fertiliser particle size ranges. The specific fertiliser dissolution rate constants, however, increased with decreases in particle size, suggesting that the rate of dissolution depends on factors other than surface area when particle sizes varied widely. Slowly soluble, alkaline Mg fertilisers had a significant liming effect on the soil. They were more effective in increasing soil exchangeable Mg than soluble Mg salts over a long-period and therefore, they are better fertilisers for P. radiata.

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Xia, De Hong, Ling Ren, and Yi Fan Li. "Research on New Thermal Reduction Process of Magnesium Preparation at Ordinary Pressure with Serpentine as Raw Material." Advanced Materials Research 402 (November 2011): 380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.402.380.

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The traditional silicothermic process of magnesium metallurgy with dolomite at high temperature and under high vacuum condition results in high operation costs, discontinuous production and huge production consumption. Based on this, a new thermal reduction process of magnesium preparation is proposed with serpentine as raw material at ordinary pressure. It is shown by thermodynamic analysis that the calcined products of serpentine is the compound of 2MgO•SiO2 and MgO•SiO2. Furthermore, the thermal reduction process at ordinary pressure is determined by using calcined products of serpentine as raw material, CaC2 as reductant and CaO as additive. Comparing with traditional silicothermic process, the new process has many advantages due to higher magnesium content of serpentine, lower price of the reductant CaC2, lower reaction temperature in calcined and thermal reduction process, and ordinary pressure reaction conditions for continuous production.

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Wang, Shi Jun, Rui Fu, Xue Sen Zhang, Jie Li, Chang Cheng Zhou, and Jun Pan. "Study on Metal Thermal Reduction of Caustic Calcined Dolomite Based Compound Desulfurizer." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 942–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.942.

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Caustic calcined dolomite based compound desulfurizer by the aluminum thermal reduction was taken as study object. Effect of fluxing agent, reaction time and experimental temperature on the weightlessness of compound desulfurizer was studied. The result showed that the weightlessness of compound desulfurizer decreases slightly with the increase of fluxing agent CaF2 content. When the content of SiO2 changes from 12% to 20%, the weightlessness of compound desulfurizer which is basically about 27.5% changes a little. With the increase of experimental temperature and reaction time, the weightlessness of compound desulfurizer is gradually increased. When the reaction time and temperature is respectively 20min and 1300°C, the weightlessness of compound desulfurizer is 31.80%.

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Algoufi, Y. T., G. Kabir, and B. H. Hameed. "Synthesis of glycerol carbonate from biodiesel by-product glycerol over calcined dolomite." Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 70 (January 2017): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2016.10.039.

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39

Lin, Shi Ying, Kyaw Kyaw, Hitoki Matsuda, and Masanobu Hasatani. "Kinetic study on reactions of H2S with limestone and half-calcined dolomite." JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 29, no. 3 (1996): 470–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.29.470.

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Wang, Shi Jun, Xue Sen Zhang, Chang Cheng Zhou, Jie Li, and Jun Pan. "Melting Properties of Preparing Compound Desulphurizer by Aluminothermy Reducing Caustic Calcined Dolomite." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 3138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3138.

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Taken caustic calcined dolomite based compound desulfurizer as the research object, influence of fluxing agent CaF2, Al2O3, SiO2 and heating agent on the melting temperature of the compound desulfurizer was mainly investigated during its directly reducing process. Fluxing agent SiO2 and heating agent are the main influence factors, which influence melting temperature of the compound desulfurizer, the next are CaF2 and Al2O3. The mean value of compound desulfurizer melting temperature is respectively 1190.3°C and 1199Subscript text.1°C when the addition amount of SiO2 and heating agent is respectively 8.33% and 33.55%. With the increase of CaF2, the mean value of compound desulfurizer melting temperature decreases gradually, however, which increases first and then decreases with the increase of Al2O3.The conditions of the lowest melting temperature about the compound desulfurizer is A4, B1, C1, D2, namely 9% CaF2 + 0% Al2O3 + 8.33% SiO2 + 33.55% heating agent.

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Ruan, Shaoqin, Jiawei Liu, En-Hua Yang, and Cise Unluer. "Performance and Microstructure of Calcined Dolomite and Reactive Magnesia-Based Concrete Samples." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 29, no. 12 (December 2017): 04017236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0002103.

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Kameda, Tomohito, Toshiaki Yoshioka, Fumiko Yabuuchi, Miho Uchida, and Akitsugu Okuwaki. "Preparation of a hydrotalcite-like compound using calcined dolomite and polyaluminum chloride." Journal of Materials Science 42, no. 6 (February 16, 2007): 2194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-1543-8.

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43

Nur, Z. A. Shajaratun, Y. H. Taufiq-Yap, and M. Z. Hussein. "Tin Oxide Doped on Activated Dolomites as Efficient Catalyst for Biodiesel Production." Advanced Materials Research 620 (December 2012): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.620.378.

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Activated dolomite (AD), was investigated as a promising heterogeneous catalyst for the production of biodiesel. SnO2doped on activated dolomites catalyst (DSN) was synthesized through wet impregnation method and calcined at 500 °C for 3 h in air. The catalyst was then applied on biodiesel production via transesterification of palm cooking oil with methanol for required conditions (various time, oil to methanol ratio and amount of catalyst). X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area, X-ray Fluoresence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Temperature Program Desorption (TPD) analysis were used to characterize the properties of the catalysts. Results showed that conversion of biodiesel by using DSN was higher (99.9 %) with lower optimum conditions i.e. 1:15 methanol to oil molar ratio, 1 wt. % of catalyst amount and reaction time of 6 h at 65 °C compared to AD (98.34 %) under higher conditions.

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Zarina, Y., Hussin Kamarudin, Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri, I. Khairul Nizar, and A. R. Rafiza. "Influence of Dolomite on the Mechanical Properties of Boiler Ash Geopolymer Paste." Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (December 2013): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.8.

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The waste material from palm oil industry has been increasing since Malaysia was the world largest exported of palm oil mill. The waste such as palm fibers, nut shells, palm kernel and empty fruit bunches are the solid waste the obtained from palm oil processing for oil extraction. When these wastes were incinerated, the waste from the burning process known as boiler ash was obtained at the lower compartment of the boiler. The production of boiler ash was estimated to be over 4 million tones/ year. This paper investigates the influence of dolomite on the mechanical properties of boiler ash based geopolymer pastes. The boiler ash was calcined at 800oC for 1 hour. After that, the dolomite was replaced in boiler ash at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% wt where the geopolymer samples were cured 80 oC. Sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with concentration 12 Molar has been used as alkaline activator to synthesis the boiler ash to produce geopolymer paste. The ratio of solid/liquid and sodium silicate/NaOH was 1 and 2.5 for all geopolymer paste. The result showed the addition of dolomite has decrease the strength of boiler ash based geopolymer. The geopolymer sample without addition of dolomite showed the maximum compressive strength (19.4 MPa) at 28 days testing. Meanwhile the addition of 4% of dolomite into geopolymer paste has the maximum compressive strength (7.3 MPa) compared to others. Additions of dolomite into boiler ash based geopolymer have reduced the compressive strength at 28 days of testing.

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45

Sendžikienė, Eglė, Violeta Makarevičienė, and Kiril Kazancev. "APPLICATION OF DOLOMITE AS A HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST OF BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS." Transport 33, no. 5 (December 11, 2018): 1155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2018.6723.

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Some of the more recent methods of obtaining biodiesel are based on heterogeneous catalysis, which has the advantage of multiple uses of a catalyst. Natural minerals, such as dolomite, opoca and serpentinites, could be promising for use in biodiesel synthesis. The purpose of this study was to optimise the reaction conditions for biodiesel synthesis from sunflower oil and methanol using dolomite as a catalyst. Optimum reaction conditions for the transesterification of sunflower oil with methanol, using dolomite calcined at the temperature of 850 °C, have been identified: the amount of the catalyst – 6%, the molar ratio of methanol to oil – 8:1, the reaction duration – 5 hours and the reaction temperature – 60 °C. The amount of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) of the sunflower oil obtained – 97.6%. FAME is in conformity with the EN 14214:2003 standard, when 500 ppm of antioxidant Ionol and 500 ppm of depressant Infineum R-442 are added. The Cold Filter Plugging Point (CFPP) of FAME is reduced to7 °C by adding 500 ppm of Infineum R-442. This product can be used in summer in the countries that are placed in Class E, including Lithuania. It has been established that dolomite without regeneration can be used for the transesterification of sunflower oil 2 times.

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HOSHIBA, Kazuya, Josiane PONOU, Gjergj DODBIBA, Hiromu ITO, Tasuku SASE, Hirofumi MATSUI, and Toyohisa FUJITA. "Effect of Calcination Temperature on the Hydroxyl Radical Generation of Calcined Dolomite Suspension." Journal of MMIJ 134, no. 11 (November 30, 2018): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2473/journalofmmij.134.151.

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47

Morsi, I. M., and H. H. Ali. "Kinetics and mechanism of silicothermic reduction process of calcined dolomite in magnetherm reactor." International Journal of Mineral Processing 127 (March 2014): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2013.11.016.

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Kurtulbaş, Ebru, Eren Yıldırım, Serkan Emik, and Selin Şahin. "A detailed study on the sorption characteristics of humic acid onto calcined dolomite." Journal of Molecular Structure 1219 (November 2020): 128606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128606.

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49

Sasaki, Keiko, Xinhong Qiu, Yukiho Hosomomi, Sayo Moriyama, and Tsuyoshi Hirajima. "Effect of natural dolomite calcination temperature on sorption of borate onto calcined products." Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 171 (May 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2012.12.029.

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50

Tian, Quanzhi, Binglin Guo, Shingo Nakama, Li Zhang, Zhaochu Hu, and Keiko Sasaki. "Reduction of undesirable element leaching from fly ash by adding hydroxylated calcined dolomite." Waste Management 86 (March 2019): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.01.027.

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