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Babu, Numbury Surendra, and Didugu Jayaprakash. "Computational Study of the Stability of Tautomers and equilibrium constants of Cyanuric acid (CA) in Different solvents." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 11, no. 2 (2015): 3485–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v11i2.6691.
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In the present investigation, the tautomeric and equilibrium of Cyanuric acid has been studied using Hartifock (HF) method in the gas phase and different solvents using the PCM model. The relative energies of these tautomers have been calculated at the HF level of theory using 6-311++ G (d,p) basis set. Energetics and relative stabilities of the tautomers were compared and analyzed in both the gaseous and different solvents. The results indicate that the keto tautomer (CA1) is the most stable form in the gas phase and other solvents. The order of stability of isomers was found to be CA1 > CA3> CA11> CA2> CA6> CA10> CA7> CA4> CA5> CA9>CA8. Having the largest dipole moment the CA8 tautomer is expected to have the strongest interaction with polar solvents. The HF method calculated tautomeric equilibrium constants with respect to the most stable tautomer CA1 of Cyanuric acid both in the gas and in different solvents. The of the equilibrium constants calculated starting from the general outline of interconversion.
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Iskandarova, Aygul, Shiavax J. Rao, Gabriel J. Yohe, Ankit B. Shah, and Aviram M. Giladi. "Distal Upper Extremity Arterial Calcification as a Predictor for Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease by Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open 12, no. 4 (2024): e5768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000005768.
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Summary: Several studies have linked calcification of the thoracic and lower extremity arterial trunks to an increased risk of developing coronary artery disease (CAD). Calcifications of the radial and/or ulnar artery are regularly identified in hand/wrist x-rays; however, the clinical relevance of these findings as related to identifying subclinical CAD is not well understood. Associations between CAD and upper extremity calcifications have been reported, but the timeline is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between upper extremity arterial calcifications on hand radiographs with CAD by coronary artery calcification (CAC) scoring in patients with no known history of CAD. This is a pilot single-center, prospective, matched cohort study. We included patients with no known history of CAD, related symptoms, or major risk factors. We recruited five patients with calcifications (cal+) and five patients matched by age, race, sex, and medical history but without calcifications (cal−). CAC scores were determined from computed tomography scanning, and lipid profile was evaluated. In the cal+ group, the mean CAC total score was 244.1; in the control (cal−) group, it was 85.2. The mean total cholesterol levels were 220.8 mg per dL and 167 mg per dL in the cal+ and cal− groups, respectively. Two cal+ patients with CAC scores of 937 and 669 died shortly after being enrolled in our study. Preliminary findings suggest that calcifications in the radial or ulnar artery in otherwise asymptomatic patients with no history of CAD may be an independent sign of CAD.
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Ali, Nur Shidaa Mohd, Abu Bakar Salleh, Thean Chor Leow, Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abd Rahman, and Mohd Shukuri Mohamad Ali. "The Influence of Calcium toward Order/Disorder Conformation of Repeat-in-Toxin (RTX) Structure of Family I.3 Lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens AMS8." Toxins 12, no. 9 (2020): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12090579.
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Calcium-binding plays a decisive role in the folding and stabilization of many RTX proteins, especially for the RTX domain. Although many studies have been conducted to prove the contribution of Ca2+ ion toward the folding and stabilization of RTX proteins, its functional dynamics and conformational structural changes remain elusive. Here, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to analyze the contribution of Ca2+ ion toward the folding and stabilization of the RTX lipase (AMS8 lipase) structure. AMS8 lipase contains six Ca2+ ions (Ca1–Ca6). Three Ca2+ ions (Ca3, Ca4, and Ca5) were bound to the RTX parallel β-roll motif repeat structure (RTX domain). The metal ion (Ca2+) docking analysis gives a high binding energy, especially for Ca4 and Ca5 which are tightly bound to the RTX domain. The function of each Ca2+ ion is further analyzed using the MD simulation. The removal of Ca3, Ca4, and Ca5 caused the AMS8 lipase structure to become unstable and unfolded. The results suggested that Ca3, Ca4, and Ca5 stabilized the RTX domain. In conclusion, Ca3, Ca4, and Ca5 play a crucial role in the folding and stabilization of the RTX domain, which sustain the integrity of the overall AMS8 lipase structure.
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Tischbirek, Carsten, Antje Birkner, Hongbo Jia, Bert Sakmann, and Arthur Konnerth. "Deep two-photon brain imaging with a red-shifted fluorometric Ca2+ indicator." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 36 (2015): 11377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1514209112.
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In vivo Ca2+ imaging of neuronal populations in deep cortical layers has remained a major challenge, as the recording depth of two-photon microscopy is limited because of the scattering and absorption of photons in brain tissue. A possible strategy to increase the imaging depth is the use of red-shifted fluorescent dyes, as scattering of photons is reduced at long wavelengths. Here, we tested the red-shifted fluorescent Ca2+ indicator Cal-590 for deep tissue experiments in the mouse cortex in vivo. In experiments involving bulk loading of neurons with the acetoxymethyl (AM) ester version of Cal-590, combined two-photon imaging and cell-attached recordings revealed that, despite the relatively low affinity of Cal-590 for Ca2+ (Kd = 561 nM), single-action potential-evoked Ca2+ transients were discernable in most neurons with a good signal-to-noise ratio. Action potential-dependent Ca2+ transients were recorded in neurons of all six layers of the cortex at depths of up to −900 µm below the pial surface. We demonstrate that Cal-590 is also suited for multicolor functional imaging experiments in combination with other Ca2+ indicators. Ca2+ transients in the dendrites of an individual Oregon green 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid-1 (OGB-1)-labeled neuron and the surrounding population of Cal-590-labeled cells were recorded simultaneously on two spectrally separated detection channels. We conclude that the red-shifted Ca2+ indicator Cal-590 is well suited for in vivo two-photon Ca2+ imaging experiments in all layers of mouse cortex. In combination with spectrally different Ca2+ indicators, such as OGB-1, Cal-590 can be readily used for simultaneous multicolor functional imaging experiments.
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Van Binh, Le, and Ngo Thi Thu Thao. "Effects of Calcium Levels in Artificial Pellet Feed on the Growth and Survival Rate of Black Apple Snails (Pila polita)." Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2, no. 2 (2019): 387–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31817/vjas.2019.2.2.04.
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The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different dietary calcium levels on the growth and survival rate of black apple snails (Pila polita) in the grow-out period. There were 3 replicates for each treatment and the snails were fed with five calcium levels (% dry matter) in diet as follows: 1% (Ca1), 3% (Ca3), 5% (Ca5), 7% (Ca7), and 9% (Ca9). Two-month-old juveniles with an average initial body weight of 2.13g, shell height of 21.71mm, and shell width of 16.35mm were reared in tarpaulin tanks (1 × 1 × 1m; 40cm water depth) at the density of 100 individuals per tank. After 4 months of the rearing period, the average body weight, shell height, and shell width of the snails reached the highest values in the Ca5 treatment (28.43 g, 54.97 mm, and 40.09mm, respectively) and these values were significantly different compared to the remaining calcium contents (Ca1, Ca3, Ca7, and Ca9). The survival rate of the snails in Ca3 (75.7%) was higher than in Ca1 and Ca7 (74.7%), Ca5 (73.7%), and Ca9 (71.7%). However, the survival rate was not significantly different among the treatments. Snails in Ca5 obtained the highest productivity (2.88 kg m-2) and this value was significantly different from Ca1 (2.55 kg m-2) and Ca9 (2.35 kg m-2). The results of this study showed that the growth rate and productivity of black apple snails were highest when they consumed a diet containing 5% calcium. The optimum requirement of calcium for the black apple snails in the grow-out period was 4.51%.
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Ohya, Susumu, and Burton Horowitz. "Differential transcriptional expression of Ca2+BP superfamilies in murine gastrointestinal smooth muscles." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 283, no. 6 (2002): G1290—G1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00101.2002.
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Calmodulin (Cal) plays important roles for contractile activity in smooth muscles. Recently, two distinct Ca2+-binding protein superfamilies with sequence similarities to Cal have been identified in neuronal cells: neuronal Ca2+-binding proteins (NCBPs) and Cal-like Ca2+-binding proteins (CaBPs). Some NCBPs and CaBPs play significant roles for Ca2+-dependent cellular signaling in the nervous system. In gastrointestinal smooth muscles (GISMs), Cal functions as the regulator of contractile behavior and electrical rhythmicity. However, the molecular identification of NCBPs and CaBPs has not been elucidated in GISMs. Here, we have identified NCBPs and CaBPs expressed in GISMs and determined the expression levels of their transcripts by quantitative RT-PCR. Of 12 NCBPs, the transcripts for neuronal Ca2+sensor 1, neural visinin-like proteins 1, 2, and 3, and K+channel-interacting proteins 1 and 3 were detected in proximal colon, gastric fundus, gastric antrum, and jejunum. On the other hand, of seven CaBPs including alternatively spliced variants, only CaBP1L transcripts were detected in GISMs.
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Dewi, Asti Rosmala, Agus Susanto, and Yanti Rusyanti. "The treatment of gingival recession with coronally advanced flap with platelet-rich fibrin." Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) 52, no. 1 (2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v52.i1.p8-12.
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Background: Of the various techniques developed for the treatment of gum recession, the current innovation in the use of platelet rich plasma (PRF) has been applied to the treatment of root-end closure procedures. Purpose: This study analyzed the effect of the coronally advanced flap (CAF) in combination with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) during treatment of gingival recession. Methods: This research constituted an experimental study incorporating a split-mouth design which was conducted on eight participants (with 16 recession defects) who were divided into two groups consisting of the CAF group with PRF and another CAF group without PRF. Clinical parameters consisting of gingival recession (GR), keratinized gingival width (KGW), recession width (RW) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured both before and 21 days after surgery). Results: The average differences between clinical parameters in the test group were as follows: GR (2.25 ± 0.27), KGW (1.81 ± 0.75), RW (3.44 ± 1.35), and CAL (2.56 ± 0.50); while in the control group they were as follows: GR (2.00 ± 0.71), KGW (1.94 ± 0.78), RW (3.50 ± 1.91) and CAL (2.00 ± 0.76). There were significant differences in the GR and CAL between the test and control groups (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: A combination of the CAF procedure and PRF was proven to be more effective in covering the GR and increasing the CAL.
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KASE, Kiwamu. "An Introduction of Outline of CAD/CAE/CAM/CAT (1)." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 79, no. 2 (2013): 144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.79.144.
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KASE, Kiwamu. "An Introduction of Outline of CAD/CAE/CAM/CAT (2)." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 79, no. 3 (2013): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.79.223.
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KASE, Kiwamu. "An Introduction of Outline of CAD/CAE/CAM/CAT (3)." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 79, no. 4 (2013): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.79.309.
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Kurbanova, S., M. Kantemirova, Y. Y. Novikova, and D. Ovsyannikov. "POS1319 RISK OF CORONARY ARTERY INVOLVEMENT IN KAWASAKI DISEASE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (2022): 997.1–997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3855.
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BackgroundKawasaki disease (KD) is a nonspecific systemic vasculitic disease that frequently occurs among children, and coronary artery lesion (CAL) is the most serious complicationObjectivesWe aimed to study the risk factors for CAL in children with KDMethodsThere were examined 188 patients (boys:girls – 2:1, median age Me = 24 months [11;38]) with KD hospitalized in Morozovskaya Children’s City Clinical Hospital in 2014-2019. 19 (10,1%) of them were <6 months, 29 (15,4%) - 6-<12 months, 117 (62,3%) - 12 months-<5 years, 23 (12,2%) - ≥5 years. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between CAL and gender, age, clinical diagnosis, laboratory biomarkers, initiation time of IVIG administration.ResultsThe enrolled 188 KD children were divided into a CAL group (n = 61) and an NCAL group (n =127) according to cardiac color Doppler ultrasonography. The incidence rate of CAL in the acute period was 26 %. The two groups had significantly different gender (p=0,0184), initiation time of IVIG administration (p=0,0209;)increase in platelets more than 700 000 at 2 weeks (p=0,0089), higher levels of NT-proBNP (p=0.002) and proANP (p=0,0005). Patients with CAL were found to have higher levels of NT-proBNP and proANP, suggesting a prognostic role. The NT-proBNP level was significantly higher in patients with CAL, and a cutoff value of 984 pg/mL yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 79 and 84.8 %, respectively. The area under the curve of the NT-proBNP for predicting CAA was 0.794 (95 % CI 0.620-0.967). The proANP level was significantly higher in patients with CAL, and a cutoff value of 1.015 nmol/L yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 87.5 and 75.8 %, respectively. The area under the curve of the proANP for predicting CAA was 0.805 (95 % CI 0.656-0.954).ConclusionMale gender, delayed use of IVIG, high platelets, NT-proBNP, proANP were independent risk factors for KD complicated with CAL. Current evidence suggests that NT-proBNP and proANP may be used as a diagnostic tool for KD complicated with CALDisclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Schulte, Wolfram, and Klaus Achatz. "Formale objektorientierte Softwareentwicklung mit ${\cal F}{{\scriptstyle{\cal O}{\cal X}}}$." Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung 12, no. 4 (1997): 174–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004500050086.
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Gao, Zeng Hui, and Wan Wu. "The Right Gorenstein Subcategory $$r{\cal G}({\cal C},{\cal D})$$." Acta Mathematica Sinica, English Series 39, no. 2 (2023): 339–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10114-023-1279-7.
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Hama, Balen, Faraedon Zardawi, Hemn Mustafa, and Sarhang Gul. "High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Cholesterol Level as Risk Markers for Both Periodontitis and Coronary Artery Disease." Sulaimani Dental Journal 8, no. 1 (2021): 17–25. https://doi.org/10.17656/sdj-10126.
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Objectives: The association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has received considerable attention, although it is unclear whether there is a causal component. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the Correlation between high sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and total blood cholesterol levels in periodontitis (PD) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Eighty subjects (40 males and 40 females) divided into four equal groups: Group 1: control group, healthy without CAD or PD, group 2: PD without CAD (n=20). group 3: PD with CAD, and group 4: CAD without PD. Periodontitis was defined according to the 2017 periodontal disease classification. Periodontal probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded. All participants were assessed for CAD by angiography (coronary computed tomography angiography or coronary angiography). Finally, serum hs-CRP and total cholesterol levels were determined by using the particle enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay method. Results: The median of serum cholesterol and hs-CRP levels was significantly lower in the control group than the patients’ groups (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in gender and age among the studied groups (P>0.05). Furthermore, significant, positive, and strong correlations of PPD and CAL with the hs-CRP and Cholesterol. Conclusions: Serum levels of hs-CRP and Cholesterol were positively proportionate to the measurements of CAL and PPD by increasing the severity of PD parameters (PPD and CAL), serum level of CAD biomarkers (hs-CRP and Cholesterol) were increased.
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Haberyan, Kurt A. "A >22,000 yr diatom record from the plateau of Zambia." Quaternary Research 89, no. 1 (2017): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.31.
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AbstractDiatoms and sediments were examined in a 530 cm core from Ishiba Ngandu, Zambia, a lake formed by gentle downwarping. Diatom zone D (>20 cal ka BP) was mostly sand with abundantAulacoseiraandEunotia, suggesting a shallow lake perhaps kept fresh by spring inputs and lake discharge, except during deposition of the lowermost 66 cm. Gyttja deposition between about 22 and 20 cal ka BP suggested a deeper lake and a wetter climate, perhaps because the Congo Air Boundary (CAB) was farther southeast relative to modern times. The next zone, zone C (about 20–19 cal ka BP), was sand with abundantAchnanthidiumandEunotiabut very few planktonic diatoms, apparently representing very shallow water and an arid period without the CAB. The gyttja and diatoms in zone B (19–4 ka) suggested an increase in moisture when the CAB returned. Zone A (4–0 cal ka BP) was dominated by the planktonicAulacoseira(>89%), suggesting an increase in wind-driven mixing. Uniquely, Ishiba Ngandu likely has been relatively moist since the last glacial maximum, matching pre-Holocene wetness in Botswana but not its Holocene aridity; evidently the climate here had switched to that of East Africa.
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Dec, Jerzy, and Kaja Pietsch. "Możliwości sejsmicznej identyfikacji stref akumulacji gazu w utworach węglanowych cechsztynu monokliny przedsudeckiej." Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management 28, no. 3 (2012): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10269-012-0025-z.
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Streszczenie Na obszarze monokliny przedsudeckiej złoża gazu występują w utworach węglanowych cyklotemów PZ1 (w wapieniu podstawowym Cal) oraz PZ2 (w dolomicie głównym Ca2). Lokalizacja złóż jest ściśle związana ze strefami sedymentacji węglanów. Złoża występują przede wszystkim w obrębie stref barierowych oraz stref podnóża platform węglanowych. Wyrzut do chodnika rozdrobnionego materiału skalnego w KGHM ZG Rudna, który miał miejsce w 2009 r. pokazał, że gaz może występować również w strefie basenowej Cal, z którą związane jest złoże miedzi. Podstawową metodą badawczą wykorzystywaną do lokalizacji złóż węglowodorów są powierzchniowe badania sejsmiczne 2D i 3D. Ich sukcesy poszukiwawcze wynikają przede wszystkim z faktu zmniejszania się prędkości rozchodzenia się fal P oraz gęstości objętościowej pod wpływem nasycenia przestrzeni porowej gazem. Na skutek tego w rejestrowanym zapisie sejsmicznym widoczne są strefy zapisu anomalnego. Ich powiązanie ze złożami gazu, czyli złożowa interpretacja danych sejsmicznych, oparta jest na analizie DHI (Direct Hydrocarbon Indicator). W prezentowanej pracy przedstawiono i porównano sejsmiczne odwzorowanie nasycenia gazem „pułapek” zlokalizowanych w typowej barierze węglanowej (złoże Kościan w Cal), w strefie podnóża platformy węglanowej (złoże Lubiatów w Ca2) oraz porowatej/szczelinowatej strefie dolomitu Cal w rejonie wyrzutu gazu, który miał miejsce w KGHM ZG Rudna. Dla każdej ze stref opracowano, bazując na rejestrowanych danych geofizyki otworowej i modelowaniach 1D (sejsmogramy syntetyczne), kryteria identyfikacji stref nasyconych gazem. Podstawowym kryterium wskazującym na nasycenie (1) bariery Kościan (Cal) jest zmiana fazy refleksu (phase change) wiązanego ze spągiem Cal przy przejściu ze strefy basenowej (refleks ujemny) do strefy barierowej (refleks dodatni), (2) złoża Lubiatów, zlokalizowanego w obszarze podnóża platformy jest występowanie w stropie strefy nasyconej silnego refleksu ujemnego (bright spot), (3) porowatej i szczelinowej strefy głębokowodnej w ZG Rudna - występowanie w spągu dolomitów Cal refleksu o amplitudzie zbliżonej do zera. Opracowane kryteria są kryteriami lokalnymi, zbyt duża jest bowiem zmienność budowy geologicznej w różnych częściach basenu cechsztyńskiego.
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Xue, Jun-Hui, Li-Fan Zhang, Jin Ma, and Man-Jiang Xie. "Differential regulation of L-type Ca2+ channels in cerebral and mesenteric arteries after simulated microgravity in rats and its intervention by standing." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 293, no. 1 (2007): H691—H701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01229.2006.
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This study was designed to clarify whether simulated microgravity can induce differential changes in the current and protein expression of the L-type Ca2+ channel (CaL) in cerebral and mesenteric arteries and whether these changes can be prevented by daily short-duration −Gx exposure. Tail suspension [hindlimb unloading (HU)] for 3 and 28 days was used to simulate short- and medium-term microgravity-induced deconditioning effects. Standing (STD) for 1 h/day was used to provide −Gx as a countermeasure. Whole cell patch-clamp experiments revealed an increase in current density of CaL of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) isolated from cerebral arteries of rats subjected to HU and a decrease in VSMCs from mesenteric arteries. Western blot analysis revealed a significant increase and decrease of CaL channel protein expression in cerebral and small mesenteric arterial VSMCs, respectively, only after 28 days of HU. STD for 1 h/day did not prevent the increase of CaL current density in cerebral arterial VSMCs, but it prevented completely (within 3 days) and partially (28 days) the decrease of CaL current density in small mesenteric arterial VSMCs. Consistent with the changes in CaL current, STD for 1 h/day did not prevent the increase of CaL expression in cerebrovascular myocytes but did prevent the reduction of CaL expression in mesenteric arterial VSMCs subjected to 28 days of HU. These data indicate that simulated microgravity up- and downregulates the current and expression of CaL in cerebral and hindquarter VSMCs, respectively. STD for 1 h/day differentially counteracted the changes of CaL function and expression in cerebral and hindquarter arterial VSMCs of HU rats, suggesting the complexity of the underlying mechanisms in the effectiveness of intermittent artificial gravity for prevention of postflight cardiovascular deconditioning, which needs further clarification.
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Li, Wang, Wen-Ying Li, Xing-Bao Wang, and Jie Feng. "Radical-induced pyrolysis mechanism in Cal–O and Cal–Cal bond cleavage." Fuel Processing Technology 238 (December 2022): 107494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2022.107494.
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Baird, B. B., and K. D. Magill, Jr. "Green's {\cal R}, {\cal D} and {\cal H} Relations for Generalized Polynomials." Semigroup Forum 55, no. 3 (1997): 267–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00005929.
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Bucholtz, Mary, Nancy Bermudez, Victor Fung, Lisa Edwards, and Rosalva Vargas. "Hella Nor Cal or Totally So Cal?" Journal of English Linguistics 35, no. 4 (2007): 325–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0075424207307780.
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Zolotarev, Dmitriy P., Ivan S. Shegutov, and Natalia E. Berdnikova. "Maltinka 1 - a Little-Known Late Paleolithic Site Near the Malta (South of Baikal-Yenisei Siberia)." Herald of Omsk University. Series: Historical studies 10, no. 4 (40) (2023): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2312-1300.2023.10(4).157-167.
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The article describes the study results of the little-known Upper Paleolithic site Maltinka 1, located on the Belaya River (left tributary of the Angara River) in the vicinity of the world-famous Malta Paleolithic site. It was discovered in 1929 by Mikhail Gerasimov and studied in 1977, 1983 by Irina Lezhnenko. In the deposits of MIS 2 and MIS 1, 4 cultural layers (c.l.) were identified. Their estimated age is as follows: c.l. 1 - 7-1 ka cal BP; c.l. 2 - ~14.7-12.8 ka cal BP; c.l. 3 - ~18.6-17.6 ka cal BP; c.l. 4 - ~27-25 ka cal BP. Layers 1 and 4 are not very informative. The finds of layer 2 are represented by 6 fragments of bones and 1651 stone items: blades and bladelets, wedge-shaped cores; flat and volumetric prismatic cores; retouched flakes and blades, scrapers, knifes (including the “ulu-knife”), leaf-shaped point, tool with spikes, hammerstone, and abrader. A bone fragment and 844 stone items were found in layer 3: blades and bladelets, wedge-shaped and volumetric prismatic cores, retouched flakes and blades, scrapers, burins, notched tools, and splintered piece on flake. Attribute analysis of flakes and blades from layers 2 and 3 showed that their parameters and characteristics are close in value. The totality of features indicates the use of both hard and soft hammer during knapping. Conclusion: the materials from the Maltinka 1 site complement and expand the understanding of cultural processes in the Upper Paleolithic in the territory of Baikal-Yenisei Siberia.
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Li, Rong, Yanqing Liu, Tong Xu, et al. "The Additional Effect of Autologous Platelet Concentrates to Coronally Advanced Flap in the Treatment of Gingival Recessions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." BioMed Research International 2019 (July 25, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2587245.
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Background. To improve the efficacy of regenerative treatment for gingival recessions, the autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) combined with coronally advanced flap (CAF) have been investigated. However, few studies systematically assess the complementary effect of APCs in periodontal regeneration. The present study aims to evaluate the additional effect of different types of APCs to CAF in the treatment of gingival recessions. Methods. Electronic databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trails) and relevant journals were searched until May 15, 2019. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in English were included. Outcome variables include root coverage (RC), recession depth (RD), clinical attachment level (CAL), keratinized tissue width (KTW), and gingival thickness (GT). Data were analyzed with Revman5.3. The estimate of effect sizes was expressed as the mean differences and the 95% confidence interval. Results. 8 RCTs involving 170 patients (328 sites) were included. Our meta-analysis indicated RC, RD, CAL, KTW, and GT were better improved in the CAF plus APCs groups than the CAF alone. The subgroup analyses revealed that platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) brought significant improvement in RC, RD, CAL, and GT. Concentrated growth factors (CGF) lead clinic beneficial in CAL, KTW, and GT. No significant effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) could be found in any clinical parameters when combined with CAF. Conclusions. PRF could exert additional effect to CAF; the preferred treatment for gingival recessions was considered. Based on the limited studies, it seemed that PRP failed to show any additional effect and it was not suggested for gingival recessions. Given the limited research and high risk of bias, it is still needed to confirm the additional effect of CGF by more high-quality studies.
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Wang, Hui-Ru, Jen-Yang Tang, Yen-Yun Wang, et al. "Manoalide Preferentially Provides Antiproliferation of Oral Cancer Cells by Oxidative Stress-Mediated Apoptosis and DNA Damage." Cancers 11, no. 9 (2019): 1303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11091303.
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Marine sponge-derived manoalide has a potent anti-inflammatory effect, but its potential application as an anti-cancer drug has not yet been extensively investigated. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of manoalide on oral cancer cells. MTS assay at 24 h showed that manoalide inhibited the proliferation of six types of oral cancer cell lines (SCC9, HSC3, OC2, OECM-1, Ca9-22, and CAL 27) but did not affect the proliferation of normal oral cell line (human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1)). Manoalide also inhibits the ATP production from 3D sphere formation of Ca9-22 and CAL 27 cells. Mechanically, manoalide induces subG1 accumulation in oral cancer cells. Manoalide also induces more annexin V expression in oral cancer Ca9-22 and CAL 27 cells than that of HGF-1 cells. Manoalide induces activation of caspase 3 (Cas 3), which is a hallmark of apoptosis in oral cancer cells, Ca9-22 and CAL 27. Inhibitors of Cas 8 and Cas 9 suppress manoalide-induced Cas 3 activation. Manoalide induces higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) productions in Ca9-22 and CAL 27 cells than in HGF-1 cells. This oxidative stress induction by manoalide is further supported by mitochondrial superoxide (MitoSOX) production and mitochondrial membrane potential (MitoMP) destruction in oral cancer cells. Subsequently, manoalide-induced oxidative stress leads to DNA damages, such as γH2AX and 8-oxo-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), in oral cancer cells. Effects, such as enhanced antiproliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage, in manoalide-treated oral cancer cells were suppressed by inhibitors of oxidative stress or apoptosis, or both, such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and Z-VAD-FMK (Z-VAD). Moreover, mitochondria-targeted superoxide inhibitor MitoTEMPO suppresses manoalide-induced MitoSOX generation and γH2AX/8-oxodG DNA damages. This study validates the preferential antiproliferation effect of manoalide and explores the oxidative stress-dependent mechanisms in anti-oral cancer treatment.
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Lubaib, Mohamed. "A meta-analysis of amnion membrane in gingival recession." Bioinformation 19, no. 5 (2023): 670–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/97320630019670.
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This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effects of Amniotic Membrane (AM) as compared with other treatment modalities on the clinical outcomes, in gingival recession defects. Only Randomized controlled clinical trials published before 2020 were included. Studies were divided into 5 subgroups (1) Coronally advanced flap (CAF)+AM v/s Chorion membrane (CM) (2) CAF+AM v/s CAF+PRF (3) CAF+AM v/s CAF+Collagen membrane (4) CAF+AM v/s CAF (5) CAF+AM v/s CAF+ Subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG). Studies were evaluated for Recession Depth (RD) (Primary outcome); Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), Recession Width (RW) and Width of Keratinized Gingiva (WKG) (Secondary outcomes). The inverse variance approach was utilised in fixed or random effect models for the meta-analysis, which were chosen based on heterogeneity. Results suggested that the use of AM membrane showed comparable results in improving RD, RW, or CAL in the treatment of Miller Class-I and Class-II gingival recession compared to the other treatment modalities. However, CAF+AM resulted in statistically significant improvement in RD and RW than CAF+SCTG, though CAL gain was statistically more with CAF+SCTG. However, increase of WKG was found to be statistically significantly more in all the other treatment modalities as compared to CAF+AM. With properties like self-adherence, bioavailability and presence of growth factors AM with CAF can produce good aesthetic root coverage comparable to SCTG and PRF, where width of keratinized gingiva is adequate.
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Xie, Man-Jiang, Li-Fan Zhang, Jin Ma, and Hong-Wei Cheng. "Functional alterations in cerebrovascular K+ and Ca2+ channels are comparable between simulated microgravity rat and SHR." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 289, no. 3 (2005): H1265—H1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00074.2005.
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Exposure to microgravity leads to a sustained elevation in transmural pressure across the cerebral vasculature due to removal of hydrostatic pressure gradients. We hypothesized that ion channel remodeling in cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) similar to that associated with hypertension may occur and play a role in upward autoregulation of cerebral vessels during microgravity. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 4-wk tail suspension (Sus) to simulate the cardiovascular effect of microgravity. Large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa), voltage-gated K+ (KV), and L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ (CaL) currents of Sus and control (Con) rat cerebral VSMCs were investigated with a whole cell voltage-clamp technique. Under the same experimental conditions, KV, BKCa, and CaL currents of cerebral VSMCs from adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were also investigated. KV current density decreased in Sus rats vs. Con rats [1.07 ± 0.14 ( n = 22) vs. 1.31 ± 0.28 ( n = 16) pA/pF at +20 mV ( P < 0.05)] and BKCa and CaL current densities increased [BKCa: 1.70 ± 0.37 ( n = 23) vs. 0.88 ± 0.22 ( n = 19) pA/pF at +20 mV ( P < 0.05); CaL: −2.17 ± 0.21 ( n = 35) vs. −1.31 ± 0.10 ( n = 26) pA/pF at +10 mV ( P < 0.05)]. Similar changes were also observed in SHR vs. WKY cerebral VSMCs: KV current density decreased [1.03 ± 0.33 ( n = 9) vs. 1.62 ± 0.64 ( n = 9) pA/pF at +20 mV ( P < 0.05)] and BKCa and CaL current densities increased [BKCa: 2.54 ± 0.47 ( n = 11) vs. 1.12 ± 0.33 ( n = 12) pA/pF at +20 mV ( P < 0.05); CaL: −3.99 ± 0.53 ( n = 12) vs. −2.28 ± 0.20 ( n = 10) pA/pF at +20 mV ( P < 0.05)]. These findings support our hypothesis, and their impact on space cardiovascular research is discussed.
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OSTROVSKII, M. I. "LINEAR FRACTIONAL RELATIONS IN BANACH SPACES: INTERIOR POINTS IN THE DOMAIN AND ANALOGUES OF THE LIOUVILLE THEOREM." Glasgow Mathematical Journal 49, no. 2 (2007): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089507003539.
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AbstractIn this paper we study linear fractional relations defined in the following way. Let ${\cal B}$i, ${\cal B}$'i, i = 1,2, be Banach spaces. We denote the space of bounded linear operators by ${\cal L}$. Let T ε ${\cal L}$(${\cal B}$1 ⊕ ${\cal B}$2, ${\cal B}$'1 ⊕ ${\cal B}$'2). To each such operator there corresponds a 2 × 2 operator matrix of the form (*) where Tij ε ${\cal L}$ (${\cal B}$j, ${\cal B}$'i. For each such T we define a set-valued map GT from ${\cal L}$ (${\cal B}$1, ${\cal B}$2) into the set of closed affine subspaces of ${\cal L}$ (${\cal B}$'1, ${\cal B}$'2) by The map GT is called a linear fractional relation.The paper is devoted to the following two problems. •Characterization of operator matrices of the form (*) for which the set GT(K) is non-empty for each K in some open ball of the space ${\cal L}$ (${\cal B}$1,${\cal B}$2).•Characterizations of quadruples (${\cal B}$1, ${\cal B}$2, ${\cal B}$'1, ${\cal B}$'2) of Banach spaces such that linear fractional relations defined for such spaces satisfy the natural analogue of the Liouville theorem “a bounded entire function is constant”.
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Hirenallur-S., Dinesh K., Steven T. Haworth, Jeaninne T. Leming, et al. "Upregulation of vascular calcium channels in neonatal piglets with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 295, no. 5 (2008): L915—L924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.90286.2008.
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Inhibition of voltage-gated, L-type Ca2+ (CaL) channels by clinical calcium channel blockers provides symptomatic improvement to some pediatric patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The present study investigated whether abnormalities of vascular CaL channels contribute to the pathogenesis of neonatal PAH using a newborn piglet model of hypoxia-induced PAH. Neonatal piglets exposed to chronic hypoxia (CH) developed PAH by 21 days, which was evident as a 2.1-fold increase in pulmonary vascular resistance in vivo compared with piglets raised in normoxia (N). Transpulmonary pressures (ΔPtp) in the corresponding isolated perfused lungs were 20.5 ± 2.1 mmHg (CH) and 11.6 ± 0.8 mmHg (N). Nifedipine reduced the elevated ΔPtp in isolated lungs of CH piglets by 6.4 ± 1.3 mmHg but only reduced ΔPtp in lungs of N piglets by 1.9 ± 0.2 mmHg. Small pulmonary arteries from CH piglets also demonstrated accentuated Ca2+-dependent contraction, and Ca2+ channel current was 3.94-fold higher in the resident vascular muscle cells. Finally, although the level of mRNA encoding the pore-forming α1C-subunit of the CaL channel was similar between small pulmonary arteries from N and CH piglets, a profound and persistent upregulation of the vascular α1C protein was detected by 10 days in CH piglets at a time when pulmonary vascular resistance was only mildly elevated. Thus chronic hypoxia in the neonate is associated with the anomalous upregulation of CaL channels in small pulmonary arteries in vivo and the resulting abnormal Ca2+-dependent resistance may contribute to the pathogenesis of PAH.
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BAADER, FRANZ, PATRICK KOOPMANN, FRIEDRICH MICHEL, ANNI-YASMIN TURHAN, and BENJAMIN ZARRIESS. "Efficient TBox Reasoning with Value Restrictions using the wer Reasoner." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 22, no. 2 (2021): 162–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068421000466.
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AbstractThe inexpressive Description Logic (DL) ${\cal F}{{\cal L}_0}$ , which has conjunction and value restriction as its only concept constructors, had fallen into disrepute when it turned out that reasoning in ${\cal F}{{\cal L}_0}$ w.r.t. general TBoxes is ExpTime-complete, that is, as hard as in the considerably more expressive logic ${\cal A}{\cal L}{\cal C}$ . In this paper, we rehabilitate ${\cal F}{{\cal L}_0}$ by presenting a dedicated subsumption algorithm for ${\cal F}{{\cal L}_0}$ , which is much simpler than the tableau-based algorithms employed by highly optimized DL reasoners. Our experiments show that the performance of our novel algorithm, as prototypically implemented in our ${\cal F}{{\cal L}_0}$ wer reasoner, compares very well with that of the highly optimized reasoners. ${\cal F}{{\cal L}_0}$ wer can also deal with ontologies written in the extension ${\cal F}{{\cal L}_ \bot }$ of ${\cal F}{{\cal L}_0}$ with the top and the bottom concept by employing a polynomial-time reduction, shown in this paper, which eliminates top and bottom. We also investigate the complexity of reasoning in DLs related to the Horn-fragments of ${\cal F}{{\cal L}_0}$ and ${\cal F}{{\cal L}_ \bot }$ .
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Dryn, Dariia O., Mariia I. Melnyk, Donal Melanaphy, Igor V. Kizub, Christopher D. Johnson, and Alexander V. Zholos. "Bidirectional TRP/L Type Ca2+ Channel/RyR/BKCa Molecular and Functional Signaloplex in Vascular Smooth Muscles." Biomolecules 13, no. 5 (2023): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13050759.
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TRP channels are expressed both in vascular myocytes and endothelial cells, but knowledge of their operational mechanisms in vascular tissue is particularly limited. Here, we show for the first time the biphasic contractile reaction with relaxation followed by a contraction in response to TRPV4 agonist, GSK1016790A, in a rat pulmonary artery preconstricted with phenylephrine. Similar responses were observed both with and without endothelium, and these were abolished by the TRPV4 selective blocker, HC067047, confirming the specific role of TRPV4 in vascular myocytes. Using selective blockers of BKCa and L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (CaL), we found that the relaxation phase was inducted by BKCa activation generating STOCs, while subsequent slowly developing TRPV4-mediated depolarisation activated CaL, producing the second contraction phase. These results are compared to TRPM8 activation using menthol in rat tail artery. Activation of both types of TRP channels produces highly similar changes in membrane potential, namely slow depolarisation with concurrent brief hyperpolarisations due to STOCs. We thus propose a general concept of bidirectional TRP-CaL-RyR-BKCa molecular and functional signaloplex in vascular smooth muscles. Accordingly, both TRPV4 and TRPM8 channels enhance local Ca2+ signals producing STOCs via TRP–RyR–BKCa coupling while simultaneously globally engaging BKCa and CaL channels by altering membrane potential.
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Sengul, Hilal, Vasiliki Bantavi, Laura Gloeck, et al. "Layer-specific molecular signatures of colon anastomotic healing and leakage in mice." Molecular Medicine 31, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s10020-025-01167-9.
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Abstract Background Colon anastomotic leakage (CAL) is a postoperative complication originating from disturbed colon anastomotic healing (CAH). Wound healing involves several well-coordinated stages, which have not been comprehensively studied for CAH or CAL. This study aims to provide transcriptional profiles of different intestinal layers of anastomotic tissues throughout distinct healing stages and to identify CAL-related genes. Methods Proximal colon anastomosis was constructed with 8 interrupted sutures in mice. Six hours, 24 h and 72 h after surgery, anastomotic complications were assessed. Transcriptional profiles of inner (mucosa and submucosa) and outer (muscularis externa) layer of the anastomotic and naive control tissues were analyzed with 3’ bulk mRNA sequencing to identify the layer-specific healing and leakage pathways. Selective target genes differing between CAL and CAH were measured for their protein expression. Results Our data indicate that the mucosa/submucosa and muscularis externa enter inflammation stage at 6 h, proliferation stage at 24 h and tissue remodeling stage at 72 h during CAH. We observed that transcription profiles of the mucosa/submucosa, but not the muscularis externa, differ between CAH and CAL. Particularly, genes related to extracellular remodeling (including Col18a1 and Col16a1) and wound healing (Pdpn and Timp1) showed lower expression in the mucosa/submucosa of CAL tissue compared to CAH. Conformingly, protein levels for collagens as well IL-34 were decreased in CAL, while the TGF-β-pseudo-receptor BAMBI was increased in CAL compared to CAH tissues. Conclusions Mucosa/submucosa and muscularis externa are mostly in synchronization during the inflammation, proliferation, and extracellular remodeling stages during CAH. Transcriptional profiles within the anastomotic mucosa/submucosa differ between CAH and CAL in genes related to extracellular modelling and wound healing, indicating that genes of these pathways may contribute to CAL.
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Katnahji, Nour, та Jan Matthes. "Opposite effects of Gαi2 or Gαi3 deficiency on reduced basal density and attenuated β-adrenergic response of ventricular Ca2+ currents in myocytes of mice overexpressing the cardiac β1-adrenoceptor". Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 31 березня 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-025-03999-y.
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Abstract Ca2+ currents (I CaL) carried by ventricular L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCC) are altered in failing hearts, and increased LTCC activity is discussed as a cause of cardiomyopathy. We have shown that lack of the inhibitory G-protein isoform Gαi3 improves cardiac outcome and survival in a murine heart-failure model of cardiac β1-adrenoceptor (β1-AR) overexpression (β1-tg), while lack of the Gαi2 isoform was detrimental in the same heart-failure model. Given the potential role of LTCC and their modulation by β-adrenergic signalling, we now analysed ventricular I CaL in β1-tg mice and in β1-tg mice lacking either Gαi2 or Gαi3. Using the patch-clamp technique, we recorded whole-cell I CaL in ventricular myocytes freshly isolated from adult mice. Compared to age-matched wild-type littermates, basal I CaL was reduced in myocytes from β1-tg mice both under basal conditions (− 8.1 ± 1.6 vs. − 5.5 ± 1.5 pA/pF) and upon β-adrenergic stimulation with 1 µM isoproterenol (− 14.3 ± 5.6 vs. − 7.4 ± 1.9 pA/pF). Lack of Gαi3 normalised basal I CaL to nearly wild-type levels (− 7.5 ± 1.6 pA/pF), while β-adrenergic response remained attenuated (− 9.5 ± 3.6 pA/pF). In contrast, the absence of Gαi2 did not restore basal I CaL (− 5.7 ± 1.8 pA/pF), but restored the β-adrenergic response of I CaL, with the difference from basal current even exceeding that in wild-type mice (− 12.2 ± 2.9 pA/pF).We propose that by restoring basal I CaL, Gαi3 deficiency might contribute to the restoration of contractility in β1-tg mice, while maintaining attenuation of the I CaL response upon β-adrenergic stimulation protects against deleterious effects mediated by enhanced β-AR signalling. In contrast, restored and even enhanced I CaL response to β-adrenergic stimulation might contribute to detrimental effects of Gαi2 deficiency observed in β1-tg mice previously.
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Alshami, Abbas, Ndausung Udongwo, Joseph Heaton, Timothy Donley, and Brett Sealove. "Abstract 17580: "Healthy Smile for a Healthy Heart": A National Study on the Correlation Between Periodontal Diseases and Coronary Artery Disease." Circulation 148, Suppl_1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.148.suppl_1.17580.
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Introduction: Chronic inflammatory periodontal disease (CIPD) is a common disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth that manifest as swelling, bleeding, pain, and clinical attachment loss (CAL) upon periodontal examination. CIPD has been associated with a chronic inflammatory state, also a known risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). Hypothesis: There is a possible correlation between CIPD and CAD. Methods: We utilized the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. We included participants aged 30 years and above who reported having gum disease and had undergone a periodontal examination. CAL measured in millimeters, was reported at six different locations around 28 teeth. To obtain national estimates, we conducted complex survey sample analyses, accounting for weights, clustering, and strata. Furthermore, we adjusted for well-known CAD risk factors in multivariate analyses. Results: Our study included 184,010,722 participants; 7.3% had CAD (n=13,461,796), and 17.1% reported CIPD (n=31,425,382). Baseline Characteristics are presented in Table 1. The unadjusted rate of CAD was higher in patients with CIPD than those without CIPD [10.3% (n=3,238,995) vs 6.7% (n=10,222,801), p=0.018]. Similarly, average CAL was higher in patients with CAD (2.04 vs 1.62 mm, p<0.001). After adjusting for confounders listed in Table 1, CIPD was a significant predictor of CAD (OR 1.744, 95% CI 1.088-2.796, p=0.012). The average CAL of all the teeth also predicted CAD (OR 1.195, 95% CI 1.025-1.394, p=0.026). Conclusions: Our data suggest that patients with reported CIPD had a 1.7 times higher risk of developing CAD. Similarly, each 1 mm increase in CAL leads to a 20% increased CAD risk (OR 1.2). Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and to explore whether treatment of CIPD mitigates the increased CAD risk. These findings underscore the significance of optimizing dental health in patients with CAD.
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Lima, Paula, Jouciane Silva, Rafael Melo, et al. "DIMENSIONING OF VINYLSULFONIC SUPPORTS FROM CASHEW APPLE BAGASSE BIOMASS IN THE IMMOBILIZATION OF LIPASES." Química Nova, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20230132.
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In this work, the support, cashew apple bagasse (CAB), was chemically modified with divinyl sulfone (DVS), and it was evaluated to immobilize Candida antarctica lipase A (CAL-A). The best activation conditions of CAB support were defined by an advanced experimental design using the Taguchi method, assessing five factors at four levels (concentration of DVS, ionic strength, pH, temperature, and time). The support and biocatalyst (CAB-DVS-CAL-A) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), elemental analysis, thermogravimetry (TGA), scanning microscopy (SEM), fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and electrophoresis. The optimal conditions to activate the support were DVS concentration of 1.4 mol L-1 (3 mL of DVS in 20 mL of reaction volume), a concentration of sodium bicarbonate buffer at 5 mmol L-1, pH 3.0 at 30 °C for 12 h. The immobilization on CAB-DVS promoted increased thermal stability at 70 °C and different pHs of CAL-A. Therefore, the selected conditions allowed for a catalyst with a catalytic activity of 6.8 U g-1 and more stable than the free enzyme (CAL-A). This demonstrates that pretreated and DVS-activated CAB is a promising support for enzyme immobilization.
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Le, Thi Anh Tu. "ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED USING ELEUSINE INDICA L. GAERTN LEAF EXTRACT ON THE BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE VASE SOLUTION." Dalat University Journal of Science, November 24, 2022, 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37569/dalatuniversity.13.2.1027(2023).
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Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) using Eleusine indica L. Gaertn leaf extract as a reducing agent is reported. SNPs were characterized through UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The SNPs were rod like and spherical in shape with sizes from 3 to 33 nm and an average size of 16.73 nm. Seven bacterial strains were isolated from the vase water, including Bacillus cereus CA1, Alcaligenes faecalis CA2, Micrococcus luteus CA3, Pantoe agglomerans CA4, Pseudomonas aeruginosa CA5, Pseudomonas aeruginosa CA6, and Pantoe agglomerans CA7. Identifications were made according to Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology and Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. The SNPs inhibited the growth of bacteria and exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against different isolated bacteria strains. SEM images showed that the SNPs damaged the cell membranes of bacteria, released plasmic contents, and altered the morphology of the cells. The impact of SNPs on gram-negative bacteria was more severe than on gram-positive bacteria. This study revealed that biosynthesized SNPs from Eleusine indica L. Gaertn leaf extract are potential agents in combating bacterial contamination.
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Li, Xin, Tuying Yong, Zhaohan Wei, et al. "Reversing insufficient photothermal therapy-induced tumor relapse and metastasis by regulating cancer-associated fibroblasts." Nature Communications 13, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30306-7.
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AbstractInsufficient tumor accumulation and distribution of photosensitizers as well as low antitumor immunity severely restrict the therapeutic efficacy of photothermal therapy (PTT). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a key role in tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and immune evasion. Reshaping tumor microenvironment via CAF regulation might provide a potential approach for complete tumor elimination in combination with PTT. Here, tumor cell-derived microparticles co-delivering calcipotriol and Indocyanine green (Cal/ICG@MPs) are developed to modulate CAFs for improved PTT efficacy. Cal/ICG@MPs efficiently target tumor tissues and regulate CAFs to reduce tumor ECM, resulting in enhanced tumor accumulation and penetration of ICG to generate strong PTT efficacy and activate CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity. In addition, Cal/ICG@MPs-triggered CAF regulation enhances tumor infiltration of CD8+ T cells and ameliorates CAF-induced antigen-mediated activation-induced cell death of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in response to PTT, eliciting long-term antitumor immune memory to inhibit tumor recurrence and metastasis. Our results support Cal/ICG@MPs as a promising drug to improve PTT efficacy in cancer treatment.
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"Cal." Polymer 43, no. 18 (2002): I—II. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-3861(02)00381-6.
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