Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cage systems

Academic literature on the topic 'Cage systems'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cage systems"

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Hemsworth, Paul H. "Cage production and laying hen welfare." Animal Production Science 61, no. 10 (2021): 821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an19609.

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Although many factors affect the welfare of hens housed in cage and non-cage systems, welfare issues in cage systems often involve behavioural restrictions, whereas many welfare issues in non-cage systems involve health and hygiene. This review considers and compares the welfare of laying hens in cages, both conventional and furnished cages, with that of hens in non-cage systems, so as to highlight the welfare implications, both positive and negative, of cage housing. Comparisons of housing systems, particularly in commercial settings, are complex because of potentially confounding differences in physical, climatic and social environments, genetics, nutrition and management. Furthermore, some of the confounding factors are inherent to some specific housing systems. Nevertheless, research in commercial and experimental settings has indicated that hens in conventional and furnished cages have lower (or similar), but not higher, levels of stress on the basis of glucocorticoid concentrations than do hens in non-cage systems. Furthermore, caged hens, generally, have lower mortality rates than do hens in non-cage systems. However, the behavioural repertoire of laying hens housed in conventional cages is clearly more compromised than that of hens in non-cage systems. In contrast to conventional cages, furnished cages may provide opportunities for positive emotional experiences arising from perching, dust-bathing, foraging and nesting in a nest box. Some have suggested that the problems with modern animal production is not that the animals are unable to perform certain behavioural opportunities, but that they are unable to fill the extra time available with limited behaviours when they have no need to find food, water or shelter. Environmental enrichment in which objects or situations are presented that act successfully, and with a foreseeable rewarding outcome for hens by also providing regular positive emotional experience, is likely to enhance hen welfare. Research on cage systems highlights the importance of the design of the housing system rather than just the housing system per se.
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Berthelsen, H., and L. T. Hansen. "The Effect of Hay on the Behaviour of Caged Rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus)." Animal Welfare 8, no. 2 (May 1999): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600021485.

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AbstractTo examine the effect of hay on behaviour of caged rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus, a study was carried out on 86 rabbits, kept in wire cages with no access to hay in one period and with access to hay in a second period. As the study was part of a larger experiment analysing the rabbits’ behaviour in two different cage systems, the rabbits were equally distributed across two systems: a system with conventional barren wire cages, and an enriched system with boxes and raised height at the back of the wire cages. The rabbits’ behaviour was recorded using direct scan sampling during the day and continuous registration based on video recording at night. When hay was available, the rabbits in both cage systems performed significantly less bar gnawing and excessive grooming. This applied especially to the rabbits kept in the conventional cage system which also showed a distinct decrease in their frequency of changing between different behaviours. This suggests that rabbits kept in cages where hay is available are less stressed than those kept in cages where it is not. Enrichment with hay should, therefore, be considered in attempts to improve the welfare of caged rabbits.
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Hubert, Shawna Marie, Morouj Al-Ajeeli, Christopher A. Bailey, and Giridhar Athrey. "The Role of Housing Environment and Dietary Protein Source on the Gut Microbiota of Chicken." Animals 9, no. 12 (December 5, 2019): 1085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9121085.

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The gut microbiota of chicken has received much attention due to its importance for bird health, food safety, and performance. In the United States, the impending transition to cage-free housing environments has raised many questions about its consequences for poultry health, productivity, and welfare. Therefore, we investigated how housing environments and feed composition affect the poultry gut microbiome. Such data is necessary to inform the design of production systems that promote health and food safety. In this study, we investigated the cecal microbiome of both caged and cage-free laying hens that were fed either an industry-standard soy-based versus a soy-free diet. Caged hens were housed in standard industry-style layer cages with one bird per cage, and cage-free hens were housed in a poultry barn with an outdoor enclosed yard with multiple hens per pen. Our study showed significant differences in the gut microbiota between cage-free and caged environments. Cage free housing generated higher diversity compared to caged housing. Furthermore, we observed a synergistic interaction of soy-based feed in cage-free housing, as the cage-free soy group showed the highest alpha diversity, whereas the caged-soy group showed the lowest diversity overall.
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Rodenburg, TB, FAM Tuyttens, K. de Reu, L. Herman, J. Zoons, and B. Sonck. "Welfare assessment of laying hens in furnished cages and non-cage systems: an on-farm comparison." Animal Welfare 17, no. 4 (November 2008): 363–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096272860002786x.

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AbstractFrom 2012 onwards, all laying hens in Europe will need to be housed either in furnished cages or non-cage systems (aviaries or floor-housing systems). In terms of animal welfare, furnished cages and non-cage systems both have advantages and disadvantages. Data on direct comparisons between the two, however, are limited. The aim of this study was to carry out an on-farm comparison of laying hens’ welfare in furnished cages and non-cage systems. To meet this aim, six flocks of laying hens in furnished cages and seven flocks in non-cage systems (all without an outdoor run) were visited when hens were around 60 weeks of age and a number of measures were collected: behavioural observations, fearfulness, plumage and body condition, incidence of bone breaks, bone strength, TGI-score (or Animal Needs Index), dust levels and mortality. In non-cage systems, birds were found to be more active and made greater use of resources (scratching area, perches) than in furnished cages. These birds also had stronger bones and were less fearful than birds in furnished cages. On the other hand, birds in furnished cages had lower mortality rates, lower incidence of bone fractures and lower airborne dust concentrations. When all the welfare indicators were integrated into an overall welfare score, there were no significant differences between systems. These results indicate that furnished cages and non-cage systems have both strong and weak points in terms of their impact on animal welfare.
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Ismiyah, Elly. "Analysis of Operational Risk Management of Broiler Farms Closed House Systems." Journal Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik Engineering, Social Science, and Health International Conference (UMGESHIC) 1, no. 2 (December 23, 2021): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.30587/umgeshic.v1i2.3447.

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Broiler farming is one of the businesses that people are interested in, especially people in rural areas who still have sufficient land area to build a cage as a place for raising chickens. This is because chicken meat is a food commodity that is still in demand in every community. Running a business in the field of broiler farming certainly requires capital, although the required capital can be minimized by establishing a nucleus-plasma partnership with companies engaged in chicken farming. Of course, the breeders hope that from the effort they make, they get maximum profit with the various simulations that have been carried out. The cage is an important environmental factor in the maintenance of broiler chickens, because the cage is a place for chickens to live and move so that its comfort determines productivity results. The closed house maintenance system is a maintenance system with a closed cage concept where the microclimate in the cage is adjusted according to needs. The advantages of closed house cages are more capacity or population, chickens are protected from physical disturbances, weather, pollution, and disease. However, the closed house system also has drawbacks, especially in terms of investment and high operating expenses. This study will analyze operational risk management on closed house system farms with a case study of livestock in Lamongan Regency. The results of this study are expected to be used as a basis for mitigation actions that must be taken so that risks can be minimized. 3 (three) risks with the highest RPN value are the calculation of harvest yields does not match daily recordings. High chicken mortality at a time when harvesting IP is very far from expectations. Meanwhile, the proposed mitigation measures are to provide strict sanctions if fraud cases are found by certain persons, provide more counseling it would be better to provide knowledge to the caged chicks on how to better manage the cage, and to increase understanding of disease outbreaks for PPL and caged chicks to determine appropriate treatment actions
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van Staaveren, Nienke van, Caitlin Decina, Christine F. Baes, Tina M. Widowski, Olaf Berke, and Alexandra Harlander-Matauschek. "Housing and Management Practices on 33 Pullet Farms in Canada." Animals 9, no. 2 (February 6, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9020049.

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Although Canada is one of the first to provide guidelines on pullet rearing in a new Code of Practice which came into effect in March 2017, little information is available about the housing and management of pullets on Canadian farms. We surveyed 99 pullet farmers and received useable responses from 33 pullet farmers (33.3% response rate) who took part in the Start Clean-Stay Clean™ program through their provincial egg boards across Canada during October–December 2017 as part of a larger study. Most flocks were housed in conventional cage systems (42.4%), followed by single-tier (33.3%) and multi-tier systems (24.2%). Flocks ranged from 1–19 weeks of age (average: 10.5 weeks of age) and were white- (58.1%) or brown-feathered (41.9%). In general, non-cage farmers met the new requirements set out in the Code of Practice for space, perches and litter provision during pullet rearing during this transitional period. Conventional caged flocks did not have opportunities for perching and foraging, but developing new methods to provide pullets with opportunities to perch and forage will become more important as the laying hen housing system transition from conventional cages to furnished cage and non-cage housing systems in Canada progresses. Additionally, clear litter management recommendations for farmers to ensure good litter quality are needed for non-cage housing systems.
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Nenadović, K., M. Vučinić, R. Turubatović, Z. Beckei, T. Gerić, and T. Ilić. "The effect of different housing systems on the welfare and the parasitological conditions of laying hens." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 73, no. 3 (November 9, 2022): 4493–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.27585.

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In Serbia, by 2020, conventional cages will no longer be permitted and hens will be housed in furnished cages. The study was conducted during the winter season on four rearing systems of Lohman Brown hens. For welfare assessment were used indicators from the Welfare quality assessment protocol for poultry. All fecal samples for parasites were qualitatively and quantitatively examined. The results showed that each housing system had positive and negative aspects but overall, hens in cage systems had the highest prevalence of poor plumage condition (47 % and 39%). Hens in conventional cages had more skin lesions (27%) than birds in other systems. Keel bone deformation was the most present in the aviary system (56%) while comb pecking wound in a conventional cage (33%) and free-range system (50%). Hens in the non cage had the highest prevalence of foot pad disorders (32% and 40%). In furnished cages, problems occurred in hens are the lowest. Parasitological examination diagnosed four groups of endoparasites: Coccidia, Trichostrongylidae and Heterakis spp, and Capillaria spp, with a total prevalence of 64% (64/100) only in free-range system. Laying hens in cage systems have a higher expression of negative emotions in relation to the aviary and free-range system. Evidence of negative hens’ emotional condition in cage systems and negative physical condition across all housing systems, suggests that the welfare of modern hens in Serbia is impaired.
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Rodic, V., L. Peric, Z. Pavlovski, and N. Milosevic. "Competitiveness of table eggs from non-cage housing systems." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 26, no. 1-2 (2010): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1002117r.

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Experiences of developed countries show that production costs in non-cage housing systems for layer hens are from 8 to 59%, and in organic production over 200% higher compared to production costs in the conventional cage system. Consequently, eggs deriving from non-cage systems can be competitive only provided that the consumers are willing to pay adequately higher price for eggs produced in said way. In this paper, 720 consumers were interviewed with aim to determine to what extent they are prepared to pay higher price for eggs deriving from non-cage systems. Obtained results show that over ? of consumers were willing to pay higher price for such eggs. This, however, was limited in majority of consumers (53%) to increase of price by up to 20%. This is enough to cover increased costs of production in the floor system, but not in case of free range system and organic production. Taking into consideration the fact that in EU, from year 2012, serious egg deficit can be expected due to the ban of housing of layers in battery cages, and that this deficit will probably be covered by supply from surrounding countries, it can be concluded that for certain number of producers transition to non-cage housing systems can be good business decision. For most of them, however, transition to so called enriched cages poses less risk, and in this production system they can expect premium price for egg with increase of production costs not exceeding 15%.
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Pal, Ranita, and Pratim Kumar Chattaraj. "Can the Fluxionality in Borospherene Influence the Confinement-Induced Bonding between Two Noble Gas Atoms?" Molecules 27, no. 24 (December 8, 2022): 8683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27248683.

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A density functional theory study is performed to determine the stability and bonding in the neon dimer inside the B30N30 fullerene cage, the fluxional B40 cage, and within non-fluxional cages such as B12N12 and C60. The nature of bonding in the Ne2 encapsulated B40 is compared with the that in other cages in an attempt to determine whether any possible alterations are brought about by the dynamical nature of the host cage apart from the associated confinement effects. The bonding analysis includes the natural bond order (NBO), Bader’s Atoms-in-Molecules electron density analysis (AIM), and energy decomposition analysis (EDA), revealing the non-covalent nature of the interactions between the Ne atoms and that between the Ne and the cage atoms. The formation of all the Ne2@cage systems is thermochemically unfavourable, the least being that for the B30N30 cage, which can easily be made favourable at lower temperatures. The Ne-Ne distance is lowest in the smallest cage and increases as the cage size increase due to steric relaxation experienced by the dimer. The dynamical picture of the systems is investigated by performing ab initio molecular dynamics simulations using the atom-centred density matrix propagation (ADMP) technique, which shows the nature of the movement of the dimer inside the cages, and by the fact that since it moves as a single entity, a weak bonding force holds them together, apart from their proven kinetic stability.
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Laili, Ana Rohmatul, Ratna Damayanti, Boedi Setiawan, and Sri Hidanah. "Comparison of Broiler Performance in Closed House and Open House Systems in Trenggalek." Journal of Applied Veterinary Science And Technology 3, no. 1 (April 29, 2022): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/javest.v3.i1.2022.6-11.

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Background: According to the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics, broiler meat production in 2020 decreased by 6.3% from the previous year. Several factors can influence chicken productivity, one of which is cage management. The cage has a vital role in success because the comfort of the cage will result in maximum chicken productivity. Aim: To compare the productivity of broiler chickens reared using Closed House and Open House cage systems in the same partnership based on the value of Feed Conversion Ratio, Mortality, and Index Performance. Methods: Data collection was carried out using the literature and observative methods, namely direct observation on two farms using a Closed House and an Open House cage system in Trenggalek Regency in April 2021. Results: A FCR value of Closed House system cages has an FCR value of 1.416, whereas the Open House system was 1.605. The mortality of broiler chickens reared in the Open House system was 842, and in the closed house system was 572. The index performance of broiler chickens raised in the Closed House system was 366.5, whereas in an Open House system, the index performance was 319.4. Conclusion: The Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Mortality, and Index Performance Index (IP) value of broiler chickens reared in the Closed House system cage was higher than those in the Open House system cage.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cage systems"

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Chong, Hyun-Soon. "Explorations with Polycarbocyclic Cage Compounds." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2218/.

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A variety of novel cage-functionalized pyridyl containing crown ethers have been prepared for use in selective alkali metal complexation studies. A highly preorganized, cage-functionalized cryptand also has been designed and has been synthesized for use as a selective Li+ complexant. The alkali metal picrate extraction profiles of these cage-functionalized crown ethers also have been studied. Novel cage-functionalized diazacrown ethers have been prepared for selective alkali metal complexation studies. Alkali metal picrate extraction experiments have been performed by using this new class of synthetic ionophores to investigate the effects of cage-annulation and the influence of N-pivot lariat sidearms upon their resulting complexation properties. Novel pyridyl containing calix[4]arene receptors were prepared. Analysis of their respective 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra suggests that calix[4]arene moieties in the ligand occupy the cone conformation. The complexation properties of these host molecules were estimated by performing a series of alkali metal picrate extraction experiments. An optically active cage-functionalized crown ether which contains a binaphthyl moiety as the chiral unit was prepared. The ability of the resulting optically active crown ether to distinguish between enantiomers of guest ammonium ions (i.e., phenylethylamonium and phenylglycinate salts) in transport experiments was investigated. Hexacyclo[11.2.1.02,12.05,10.05,15.010,14]hexadeca-6,8-diene-4,11-dione was prepared from hexacyclo[7.4.2.01,9.03,7.04,14.06,15] pentadeca-10,12-diene-2,8-dione. Unanticipated but remarkable acid and base promoted rearrangements of this new cage dione to novel polycyclic systems were observed and subsequently were investigated. The structures of the new systems thereby obtained were determined unequivocally by application of X-ray crystallographic methods. It is noteworthy that the reactions reported herein each provide the corresponding rearranged product in high yield in a single synthetic step. Pi-facial and regioselectivity in the thermal Diels-Alder cycloaddition between hexacyclo[11.2.1.02,12.05,10.05,15.010,14]hexadeca-6,8-diene- 4,11-dione and ethyl propiolate have been explored. This reaction proceeds via stereospecific approach of the dienophile toward the syn face of the diene p -system. However, [4+2]cycloaddition proceeds with only modest proximal/distal regioselectivity. The structure of the minor reaction product was established unequivocally via application of X-ray crystallographic techniques.
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Hall, Martin Stephen. "Identification of motions and mooring loads in sea-cage systems." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/838.

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Chen, Chao. "Self-assembly studies of hybrid nanoparticle-protein cage systems and icosahedral viruses." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3331353.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Chemistry, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 27, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-11, Section: B, page: 6818. Adviser: Bogdan Dragnea.
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Kuiler, Ian Radcliffe. "Condition monitoring of squirrel cage induction generators in wind turbines." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2530.

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Thesis (MTech (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.
Globally governments are faced with challenges in the energy sector which are exacerbated by uncertain financial markets and resource limitations. The over utilization of fossil fuels for electricity generation has had a profound impact on the climatic conditions on earth. Coal power stations release carbon dioxide (CO2) during the combustion process and studies show that concentrations have sharply risen in the atmosphere. Adverse environmental conditions like global warming exist as a result of high greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in particular CO2. In 2015 Eskom constructed Sere Wind farm with a supply capability of 100 MW. Due to the lack of technical expertise and skills with regard to the new technology within Eskom, Siemens was offered a 5 year maintenance contract. Siemens also provides training on basic operation and maintenance (O&M) of the wind farm to Eskom staff. This excludes specialised training on Siemens Turbine Condition Monitoring (TCM) systems which is a critical part to develop optimum maintenance strategies. This shortage of specialised skills in the application of condition monitoring techniques within Eskom is a major concern. If the most cost effective maintenance strategies during the contract period are implemented, the long term plant health and design life of Sere wind farm will be reduced. There is a need to develop new condition monitoring techniques to complement or address the shortcomings of the existing systems. Developing these skills will increase the understanding of the technology and improve the operating and maintenance of Sere wind farm.
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Perez, Martinez Oscar. "GIS based models for optimisation of marine cage aquaculture in Tenerife, Canary Islands." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21881.

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This study focused on the optimisation of offshore marine fish-cage farming in Tenerife, Canary Islands. The main objective was to select the most suitable sites for offshore cage culture. This is a key factor in any aquaculture operation, affecting both success and sustainability. Moreover, it can solve conflicts between different coastal activities, making a rational use of the coastal space. Site selection was achieved by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) based models and related technology, such as satellite images and Global Positioning System (GPS), to support the decision-making process. Three different cage systems were selected and proposed for different areas around Tenerife. Finally, a particulate waste distribution model (uneaten feed and faeces) was developed, also using GIS, for future prediction of the dispersive nature of selected sites. This can reduce the number of sites previously identified as most suitable, by predicting possible environmental impacts on the benthos if aquaculture was to be developed on a specific site. The framework for spatial multi-criteria decision analysis used in this study began with a recognition and definition of the decision problem. Subsequently, 31 production functions (factors and constraints) were identified, defined and subdivided into 8 sub-models. These sub-models were then integrated into a GIS database in the form of thematic layers and later scored for standardization. At this stage, the database was verified by field sampling to establish the quality of data used. The decision maker's preferences were incorporated into the decision model by assigning weights of relative importance to the evaluation under consideration. These, together with the thematic layers, were integrated by using Multi-criteria Evaluation (MCE) and simple overlays to provide an overall assessment of possible alternatives. Finally, sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the model robustness. The integration, manipulations and presentation of the results by means of GIS-based models in this sequential and logical flow of steps proved to be very effective for helping the decision-making process of site selection in study. On the whole, this study revealed the usefulness of GIS as an aquaculture planning and management tool. Cage systems that can withstand harsh environments were found to be suitable for use over a broader area of Tenerife's coastline. Thus, the more robust self-tensioned cage (SeaStation®) could be used over a greater area than the weaker gravity cages (Corelsa®). From the 228 km2 of available area for siting cages in the coastal regions with depth of 50 m, the suitable area (sum of scores 6, 7 and 8) for siting SeaStation® cages was 61 km2, while the suitable area for SeaStation® and Corelsa® cages was 49 and 37 km2 respectively. Most of the variation between these three cage systems was found among the intermediate suitability scores. It was concluded that the biggest differences in suitable area among cage systems are between Corelsa® and SeaStation® systems, followed by differences between Corelsa® and OceanSpar® cages, and OceanSpar® and SeaStation® respectively. This variability was mostly located on the N and NNW of the island, where waves, both long and short-term, are higher.
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Pollock, Lindsay Jane. "Integration of aquaculture within irrigation systems : a poverty-focused approach." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/76.

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The potential for aquaculture to be integrated within a large-scale irrigation system taking a poverty-focused approach was investigated in the Mahaweli System H irrigation system of North Western Province, Sri Lanka. Using a livelihoods approach an initial situation appraisal identified the potential for aquaculture to be integrated within existing livelihoods activities. The appraisal revealed that decreasing returns from farming and fishing seasonality were major sources of household vulnerability. Using fish caught from the tank fishery, small-scale cage-based fattening of tilapia was developed with participants in an attempt to mitigate seasonal vulnerability caused by fishing seasonality. Participatory technology development was conducted with members of two communities within Mahaweli System H. Upon identifying resources and formulating a research agenda with participants, pilot trials were conducted by fisher-farmers in USG village and by a group of female cage operators in RAJ village. The study identified several constraints to sustainability of the culture system such as variable and low availability of small tilapia with which to stock cages, poor feed quality and latterly, competition for feed inputs. Despite their initial enthusiasm, women were particularly disadvantaged in this process as they were unable to catch their own fish with which to stock their cages and became dependent on men to assist them. The study showed that the cage-based fattening system was able to help meet emergency household expenses, although it was not efficient enough nor practiced on a large enough scale to contribute greatly to household security. In this manner, holding and fattening smaller tilapia is comparable with livestock holdings. Further development of cage design and feed administration improvements are needed to reduce production costs and improve the economic viability of the system.
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Lu, C. C. "Stress and fear responses of laying hens in cage, barn and free range systems /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16151.pdf.

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Navas, Juan Moreno. "Three-dimensional hydrodynamic models coupled with GIS-based neuro-fuzzy classification for assessing environmental vulnerability of marine cage aquaculture." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2580.

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There is considerable opportunity to develop new modelling techniques within a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) framework for the development of sustainable marine cage culture. However, the spatial data sets are often uncertain and incomplete, therefore new spatial models employing “soft computing” methods such as fuzzy logic may be more suitable. The aim of this study is to develop a model using Neuro-fuzzy techniques in a 3D GIS (Arc View 3.2) to predict coastal environmental vulnerability for Atlantic salmon cage aquaculture. A 3D hydrodynamic model (3DMOHID) coupled to a particle-tracking model is applied to study the circulation patterns, dispersion processes and residence time in Mulroy Bay, Co. Donegal Ireland, an Irish fjard (shallow fjordic system), an area of restricted exchange, geometrically complicated with important aquaculture activities. The hydrodynamic model was calibrated and validated by comparison with sea surface and water flow measurements. The model provided spatial and temporal information on circulation, renewal time, helping to determine the influence of winds on circulation patterns and in particular the assessment of the hydrographic conditions with a strong influence on the management of fish cage culture. The particle-tracking model was used to study the transport and flushing processes. Instantaneous massive releases of particles from key boxes are modelled to analyse the ocean-fjord exchange characteristics and, by emulating discharge from finfish cages, to show the behaviour of waste in terms of water circulation and water exchange. In this study the results from the hydrodynamic model have been incorporated into GIS to provide an easy-to-use graphical user interface for 2D (maps), 3D and temporal visualization (animations), for interrogation of results. v Data on the physical environment and aquaculture suitability were derived from a 3- dimensional hydrodynamic model and GIS for incorporation into the final model framework and included mean and maximum current velocities, current flow quiescence time, water column stratification, sediment granulometry, particulate waste dispersion distance, oxygen depletion, water depth, coastal protection zones, and slope. The Neuro-fuzzy classification model NEFCLASS–J, was used to develop learning algorithms to create the structure (rule base) and the parameters (fuzzy sets) of a fuzzy classifier from a set of classified training data. A total of 42 training sites were sampled using stratified random sampling from the GIS raster data layers, and the vulnerability categories for each were manually classified into four categories based on the opinions of experts with field experience and specific knowledge of the environmental problems investigated. The final products, GIS/based Neuro Fuzzy maps were achieved by combining modeled and real environmental parameters relevant to marine fin fish Aquaculture. Environmental vulnerability models, based on Neuro-fuzzy techniques, showed sensitivity to the membership shapes of the fuzzy sets, the nature of the weightings applied to the model rules, and validation techniques used during the learning and validation process. The accuracy of the final classifier selected was R=85.71%, (estimated error value of ±16.5% from Cross Validation, N=10) with a Kappa coefficient of agreement of 81%. Unclassified cells in the whole spatial domain (of 1623 GIS cells) ranged from 0% to 24.18 %. A statistical comparison between vulnerability scores and a significant product of aquaculture waste (nitrogen concentrations in sediment under the salmon cages) showed that the final model gave a good correlation between predicted environmental vi vulnerability and sediment nitrogen levels, highlighting a number of areas with variable sensitivity to aquaculture. Further evaluation and analysis of the quality of the classification was achieved and the applicability of separability indexes was also studied. The inter-class separability estimations were performed on two different training data sets to assess the difficulty of the class separation problem under investigation. The Neuro-fuzzy classifier for a supervised and hard classification of coastal environmental vulnerability has demonstrated an ability to derive an accurate and reliable classification into areas of different levels of environmental vulnerability using a minimal number of training sets. The output will be an environmental spatial model for application in coastal areas intended to facilitate policy decision and to allow input into wider ranging spatial modelling projects, such as coastal zone management systems and effective environmental management of fish cage aquaculture.
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Dunn, Zelda. "Improved feed utilisation in cage aquaculture by use of machine vision." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2824.

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Thesis (MScEng (Process Engineering))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.
With the harvesting of fish and other aquatic organisms from natural waters having reached its upper limit, aquaculture is vital in providing for the ever increasing demand for fishery products (Boyd, 1999). Not surprisingly, aquaculture has seen considerable growth over the last decade or more. With the rising importance of aquaculture, there is an increased emphasis on cost and reducing of waste for environmental reasons. Therefore, attempts to automate or increase efficiency of feeding are constantly being explored. On an aquaculture unit approximately 60% of all costs are for feed; therefore high quality feeding management is essential for all fish farmers. The rainbow trout farm at Jonkershoek Aquaculture Research farm near Stellenbosch currently have a feeding management system which makes use of traditional hand feeding. Handfeeding is not considered optimal, as the feed intake or pellet loss is not closely monitored resulting in higher operating costs. Automation of aquaculture systems will allow the industry to produce closer to markets, improve environmental control, reduce catastrophic losses, minimize environmental regulation by reducing effluents, reduce production costs and improve product quality. The history of automated control in aquaculture has been brief; most of the systems have been custom-designed, personal computer systems. A very popular approach for an automated feeding system is to monitor waste pellets beneath the feeding zone of the fish, with a feedback loop that can switch off the feeder if this waste exceeds a predetermined threshold. Other approaches use hydroacoustics to monitor waste pellets or demand feeders have also been implemented. These approaches however are not considered optimal as automatic feeders do not necessarily ensure optimal feed intake. Social dominance using demand feeders does not allow even feeding distribution among all sizes of fish. In this project it was investigated whether an automated feeding system can be developed based on fish feeding behaviour. After facing problems with poor visibility at the Jonkershoek Aquaculture farm near Stellenbosch, video data were acquired from the Two Oceans Aquarium in Cape Town. Since it was a feasibility study, the focus was rather to investigate whether a predictive model could be generated for fish feeding behaviour in a more ideal environment which can form a foundation for further research. The well-established multivariate methods of principal components
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Taylor, Pollyanna Elizabeth. "An investigation into factors affecting perching and ranging behaviour of laying hens in non-cage systems." Thesis, Open University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402624.

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Books on the topic "Cage systems"

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Bengtsson, Bjorn. Tissue cage as a model for studies on extravascular distribution of antibacterials: A methodological study incattle. Uppsala: Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, 1990.

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Large-scale complex system and systems of systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley, 2011.

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1961-, Spence Ian, ed. Use case modeling. Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2003.

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Thomas, Jazwiecki, ed. Case-mix payment systems for nursing home care. Chicago: Pluribus Press, 1987.

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Roger, France Francis H., Noothoven van Goor, J. M., and Johansen Kirsten Staehr, eds. Case-based telematic systems towards equity in health care. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 1994.

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Association, Medical Group Management, ed. Patient care systems. East Englewood, CO: Medical Group Management Association, 2008.

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Sass, Hans-Martin, and Robert U. Massey, eds. Health Care Systems. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7807-3.

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G, Worthman Linda, Rand Corporation, and United States. Health Care Financing Administration., eds. Alternative systems for case mix classification in health care financing. Santa Monica, CA: Rand, 1986.

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Managing to care: Case management and service system reform. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 2001.

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Robert, Blendon, Edwards Jennifer N, Harvard School of Public Health., Louis Harris and Associates, and Institute for the Future, eds. System in crisis: The case for health care reform. New York: Faulkner & Gray, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cage systems"

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Zwanenburg, B., and A. J. H. Klunder. "Strained Cage Systems." In Strain and Its Implications in Organic Chemistry, 405–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0929-8_26.

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Langan, Richard. "Ocean Cage Culture." In Aquaculture Production Systems, 135–57. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118250105.ch7.

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Masser, Michael P. "Cage Culture in Freshwater and Protected Marine Areas." In Aquaculture Production Systems, 119–34. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118250105.ch6.

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Kunshan, Li, and Li Yang. "The Assembly Redesign of Cage Rotor Separator." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 13–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70990-1_3.

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Paris, Christophe, and Olivier Walti. "Stray-Load Losses Analysis in Copper Squirrel Cage Induction Machine." In Energy Efficiency in Motor Driven Systems, 86–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55475-9_14.

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Zhu, Mengyuan, Shuijin Li, Tingting Liu, Rongwei Sun, and Jingqi Dai. "Analysis of Sustainable Net Cage and Fluid Flows Through the Review." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 270–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21255-1_21.

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Murata, Yasujiro. "Open-Cage Fullerene Derivatives: Synthesis, Reactions, and Encapsulation of a Small Molecule." In Chemical Science of π-Electron Systems, 117–31. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55357-1_8.

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Folino, Gianluigi, and Giandomenico Spezzano. "P-CAGE: An Environment for Evolutionary Computation in Peer-to-Peer Systems." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 341–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11729976_31.

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Saini, Raj Kumar, Devender Kumar Saini, Rajeev Gupta, Piush Verma, Neeraj Gandotra, Ashwani Sharma, Robin Thakur, and R. P. Dwivedi. "Performance Improvement of Three-Phase Squirrel Cage Induction Motor Operating Under Rated Voltages—A Design Consideration for Rural Areas." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 1–11. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8618-3_1.

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Drakaki, Maria, Yannis L. Karnavas, Ioannis D. Chasiotis, and Panagiotis Tzionas. "An Intelligent Multi-Agent System Framework for Fault Diagnosis of Squirrel-Cage Induction Motor Broken Bars." In Information Systems Architecture and Technology: Proceedings of 38th International Conference on Information Systems Architecture and Technology – ISAT 2017, 80–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67229-8_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cage systems"

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Anderson, Charlie, Benji Barash, Charlie McNeill, Denis Ogun, Michael Wray, Jarrod Knibbe, Christopher H. Morris, and Sue Ann Seah. "The Cage." In CHI '15: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2702613.2732877.

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Jie, Hu, and Ye Sheng. "Study on the Cage Net Crack Detection Facility of Sea Cage." In 2006 International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icccas.2006.285249.

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COGHE, FREDERIK. "Ballistic Efficiency of Lightweight Cage Armor Systems." In 31st International Symposium on Ballistics. Lancaster, PA: DEStech Publications, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/ballistics2019/33272.

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Flahive, Andrew. "A system of systems approach to defence experimentation: CAGE IIIA." In 2014 9th International Conference on System of Systems Engineering (SOSE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sysose.2014.6892477.

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Mirbagheri, Seyed Mohsen, Seyed Mohammad Hossein Mousavi, Seyed Sajjad Salehi Ghaleh Sefid, and Hossein Safaeipour. "The comparison of single-cage and double-cage induction generators at variable frequencies." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pedes.2012.6484266.

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Li, Lin, Mathias Bruset, Muk Chen Ong, and Xiaopeng Wu. "Numerical Analysis of a Floating Fish Cage With Feeding Systems." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18112.

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Abstract A modern marine-based fish farm normally consists of a feeding barge, several fish cages, and feeding tubes. Although many studies, both experimental and numerical, are available in the literature to investigate the global responses of the fish cages under wave and current conditions, research on the coupled system including both the fish cage and the feeding system is very limited. This paper presents a numerical study on the coupled system with a floating fish cage and the feeding system. The purpose is to study the dynamic responses of the coupled system under different environmental conditions and configurations of the fish farm. A numerical model is firstly established in the numerical program OrcaFlex, comprising of a feeding barge, a gravity-based floating fish cage with mooring systems, and a feeding tube between the barge and the cage. Time-domain simulations of this coupled system are then performed under environmental conditions corresponding to 1-year and 50-year return periods for a reference site. The deformation of the fish cage, the tensions in the anchor lines and in the feeding tube are compared under various conditions. Sensitivity studies on the solidity ratio of the fish net as well as the lengths of the feeding tube are addressed, and their influences on the responses of the coupled system are also discussed.
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Suksaengjun, Permsub, Dusit Thanapatay, Jatuporn Chinrungrueng, and Sugino Nobuhiko. "Smart cage using object detection." In 2015 6th International Conference of Information and Communication Technology for Embedded Systems (IC-ICTES). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictemsys.2015.7110814.

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"Gas emissions from three cage layer housing systems." In 2015 ASABE International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20152190107.

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Dubey, Supriya, and Rajitha Bakthula. "Automated gender estimation from human rib cage image." In 2014 Students Conference on Engineering and Systems (SCES). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sces.2014.6880087.

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Iwasa, Kazuaki, Mitsuhide Amano, Hironori Nakao, and Youichi Murakami. "Structural Modulation of the Cage Lattice System DyB6." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems (SCES2013). Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.3.016026.

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Reports on the topic "Cage systems"

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O'Brien, Patrick J., and John M. Griffin. Global Positioning System Systems Engineering Case Study. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada575919.

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Georgoulakis, James M., Atanacio C. Guillen, Cherry L. Gaffney, Sue E. Akins, and David R. Bolling. Evaluation of Ambulatory Care Classification Systems for the Military Health Care System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada234539.

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Georgoulakis, James M., Atanacio C. Guillen, Cherry L. Gaffney, Sue E. Akins, David R. Bolling, and Velda R. Austin. Evaluation of Ambulatory Care Classification Systems for the Military Health Care System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada234584.

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Kinsel, Paula A. Case Study: South Texas Veterans Health Care System's Communication Center. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada493524.

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Ruhf, Kathryn, and Kate Clancy. A Regional Imperative: The Case for Regional Food Systems. Thomas A. Lyson Center for Civic Agriculture and Food Systems, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5304/lyson.2022.001.

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‘Regional food systems’ appears with increasing frequency in scholarly works and among food system practitioners. Yet regional food systems are understudied and undervalued. Much more attention to regionalism and regional food systems is necessary to create more sustainable, equitable, and resilient food systems for all. Building from the authors’ 2010 paper, “It takes a region… Exploring a regional food systems approach: A working paper,” this greatly expanded report explores the concepts, practices, challenges, and promise of regional food systems. The report’s focus is on the Northeast U.S., a laboratory for regional food systems thinking and action, but it also describes and gives examples of regional food systems development across the country. The arguments in favor of regional approaches and explorations apply to all regions and embracing them could not be more imperative to address contemporary conditions.
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Lipscomb, Thomas A. South Texas Veterans Health Care System Mobile Health Clinic: Business Case Analysis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada516607.

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Kaffenberger, Michelle, and Marla Spivack. System Coherence for Learning: Applications of the RISE Education Systems Framework. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-risewp_2022/086.

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In recent decades, education systems in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have rapidly expanded access to schooling, but learning has lagged behind. There are many reasons for low learning in LMICs. Proximate determinants (such as insufficient financing or poor school management) receive much attention, but focus on these often ignores underlying system drivers. In this chapter we use a systems approach to describe underlying system dynamics that drive learning outcomes. To do so, we first describe the RISE education systems framework and then apply it to two cases. In the case of Sobral, Brazil, the systems framework illustrates how a coherent package of reforms, improving upon multiple system components, produced positive outcomes. In the case of Indonesia, a reform that increased teacher pay, but did not change underlying system dynamics, had no impact on learning. The chapter shows how a systems approach can help to understand success, diagnose failure, and inform action to bring about improvements to children’s learning.
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Chen, Peter, Marjon Dean, Don Ojoko-Adams, Hassan Osman, and Lillian Lopez. Systems Quality Requirements Engineering (SQUARE) Methodology: Case Study on Asset Management System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada431068.

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Salinas, Joshua Benjamin. System Engineering Applied A Case Study in the Implementation of Successful Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1561464.

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Kistler, Paul. Desiccant Dehumidification Systems Case Histories,. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada325729.

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