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Journal articles on the topic 'Caesium'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 January 2023

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1

KOŠUTHOVÁ, Alica, Samantha FERNÁNDEZ-BRIME, Martin WESTBERG, and Mats WEDIN. "Collolechia revisited and a re-assessment of ascus characteristics in Placynthiaceae (Peltigerales, Ascomycota)." Lichenologist 48, no. 1 (January 2016): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282915000432.

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AbstractWe investigated the phylogenetic relationships in the cyanolichen family Placynthiaceae to test the current generic delimitations, where the monotypic Collolechia is currently accepted as distinct, based on differences in ascospores, ascus apex characteristics and the leprose thallus. Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of two sequence marker datasets confirmed that Collolechia caesia is nested within Placynthium, and should be called Placynthium caesium (Fr.) Jatta. We reassessed the spore and ascus characteristics and showed that Placynthium caesium falls well within the variation in Placynthium and is thus yet another example of a species that differs from close relatives by its crustose-leprose thallus structure.

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2

Venugopal, V., N. K. Shukla, V. Sundaresh, K. N. Roy, R. Prasad, and D. D. Sood. "Thermochemistry of caesium iodide and caesium chromate." Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics 18, no. 8 (August 1986): 735–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(86)90107-2.

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3

Mirnaya, T. A., V. S. Dradrah, and G. G. Yaremchuk. "Mesophase and Glass Formation in Binary Systems of Caesium and Alkali-Earth Metal Butyrates." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 54, no. 12 (December 1, 1999): 685–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1999-1204.

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Abstract The phase diagrams of the binary systems of non-mesomorphic components such as caesium-mag-nesium, caesium-calcium and caesium-barium butyrates have been studied by differential thermal analysis and hot stage polarization microscopy. Smectic liquid crystals are found in some composition ranges of the binaries with calcium and barium butyrates. The liquid crystal appearance in these systems is explained by the exhibition of latent mesomorphism of caesium butyrate. Glasses are obtained in all systems studied, the formation of vitreous optical anisotropic mesophase being revealed only for binary from caesium and barium butyrates.

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4

Ansoborlo, Eric, and Richard Wayne Leggett. "Quantum caesium." Nature Chemistry 7, no. 4 (March 24, 2015): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2215.

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5

Venugopal, V., R. Prasad, and D. D. Sood. "Vaporisation thermodynamics of caesium iodide and caesium chromate." Journal of Nuclear Materials 130 (February 1985): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(85)90300-9.

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6

Berger, S., F. Frizon, and C. Joussot-Dubien. "Formulation of caesium based and caesium containing geopolymers." Advances in Applied Ceramics 108, no. 7 (October 2009): 412–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174367609x422072.

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7

Sacco, C., W. E. McEwen, and E. J. Calabrese. "Selective Inhibition of Gastrointestinal β-Glucuronidase by Polyvinylbenzyl D-glucaro(1,4)lactonate: Attachment of D-Glucaro(1,4)lactone to Polyvinylbenzyl Chloride." Human & Experimental Toxicology 12, no. 2 (March 1993): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719301200216.

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D-Glucaro(1,4)lactone, a potent β-glucuronidase inhibitor was attached via the carboxylic acid moiety to polyvinylbenzyl chloride (PVBC) using a bimolecular nucleophilic displacement reaction, First, the caesium salt of D-glucaro(1,4)lactone was prepared by titrating the carboxylic acid to neutrality with aqueous caesium bicarbonate. The polyvinylbenzyl D-glucaro(1,4)lactonate was obtained in maximum yields of between 50 and 60% when caesium D-glucaro(1,4)lactonate was incubated with PVBC in DMF at 50°C for 7 d in the presence of a catalyst, caesium iodide.

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8

Clark-Tapia, Ricardo, Gabriel González-Adame, Jorge E. Campos, Victor Aguirre-Hidalgo, Nelly Pacheco-Cruz, Juan José Von Thaden Ugalde, Samuel Campista-León, Luz Isela Peinado-Guevara, and Cecilia Alfonso-Corrado. "Effects of Habitat Loss on the Ecology of Pachyphytum caesium (Crassulaceae), a Specialized Cliff-Dwelling Endemic Species in Central Mexico." Diversity 13, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13090421.

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Cliff-dwelling plant species are highly specialized and adapted to a vulnerable, fragmented, and are mostly endemic, narrowly-distributed and threatened. As a contribution to the conservation efforts of endemic cliff-dwelling species, this study provides an overview of the effects of habitat loss on the abundance and distribution of Pachyphytum caesium (Crassulaceae) due to human disturbances. To achieve this objective, we first conducted a retrospective analysis from 2003–2013 to assess the effects of land use change on the abundance of P. caesium. Secondly, we estimate the abundance and distribution of P. caesium throughout the study area, as well as analyze the effect of rock-climbing activities on the density and population structure of P. caesium. The results suggest differences in population abundance among sites is due to the adverse effects of habitat loss. P. caesium presents a very restricted distribution with small and fragmented populations. In addition, guava agriculture has a significant impact on the chemical soil properties of the hillsides, causing a significant effect on the occurrence of P. caesium, while sport activities remove both the soil and the plants from the cliffs. According to the results, P. caesium is classified as a plant species with extremely small populations (PSESP), and it is highly vulnerable to habitat disturbance. Its conservation is thus a priority to ensure its permanence.

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9

Ståhl, Kenny, Rolf W. Berg, K. Michael Eriksen, and Rasmus Fehrmann. "Structure of caesium disulfate at 120 and 273 K." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 65, no. 5 (August 28, 2009): 551–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768109029334.

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The crystal structures of Cs2S2O7 at 120 and 273 K have been determined from X-ray single-crystal data. Caesium disulfate represents a new structure type with a uniquely high number of independent formula units at 120 K: In one part caesium ions form a tube surrounding the disulfate ions, [Cs8(S2O7)6+] n ; in the other part a disulfate double-sheet sandwiches a zigzagging caesium ion chain, [Cs2(S2O7)6−] n . Caesium disulfate shows an isostructural order–disorder transition between 230 and 250 K, where two disulfate groups become partially disordered above 250 K. The Cs+-ion arrangement shows a remarkable similarity to the high-pressure RbIV metal structure.

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10

Tamura, Yusuke, Isao Okada, Hitoshi Ohtaki, and Toshio Yamaguchi. "An X-Ray Diffraction Study on the Structure of Concentrated Aqueous Caesium Iodide and Lithium Iodide Solutions." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 42, no. 4 (April 1, 1987): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1987-0405.

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X-Ray scattering measurements of 2.78 and 5.56 molal aqueous solutions of caesium iodide and 2.78 and 6.05 molal lithium iodide were carried out at 293 and 343 K Differences in the radial distribution functions (DRDFs) have been obtained between the caesium iodide and lithium iodide solutions of similar composition, the latter being taken as a reference for the data analysis of the former. The DRDFs show a peak arising from Cs - I contact-ion-pairs at 390 pm for all the caesium iodide solutions. The hydration structure of the caesium and iodide ions has been revealed. Effects of the concentration and temperature on the formation of ion-pairs and on the hydration structure of the ions are discussed

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11

Gurung, Raj D., Wataru Taira, Ko Sakauchi, Masaki Iwata, Atsuki Hiyama, and Joji M. Otaki. "Tolerance of High Oral Doses of Nonradioactive and Radioactive Caesium Chloride in the Pale Grass Blue Butterfly Zizeeria maha." Insects 10, no. 9 (September 9, 2019): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10090290.

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The biological effects of the Fukushima nuclear accident have been examined in the pale grass blue butterfly, Zizeeria maha (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). In previous internal exposure experiments, larvae were given field-collected contaminated host plant leaves that contained up to 43.5 kBq/kg (leaf) of radioactive caesium. Larvae ingested up to 480 kBq/kg (larva), resulting in high mortality and abnormality rates. However, these results need to be compared with the toxicological data of caesium. Here, we examined the toxicity of both nonradioactive and radioactive caesium chloride on the pale grass blue butterfly. Larvae were fed a caesium-containing artificial diet, ingesting up to 149 MBq/kg (larva) of radioactive caesium (137Cs) or a much higher amount of nonradioactive caesium. We examined the pupation rate, eclosion rate, survival rate up to the adult stage, and the forewing size. In contrast to previous internal exposure experiments using field-collected contaminated leaves, we could not detect any effect. We conclude that the butterfly is tolerant to ionising radiation from 137Cs in the range tested but is vulnerable to radioactive contamination in the field. These results suggest that the biological effects in the field may be mediated through ecological systems and cannot be estimated solely based on radiation doses.

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12

Gentner, Thomas X., Matthew J. Evans, Alan R. Kennedy, Sam E. Neale, Claire L. McMullin, Martyn P. Coles, and Robert E. Mulvey. "Rubidium and caesium aluminyls: synthesis, structures and reactivity in C–H bond activation of benzene." Chemical Communications 58, no. 9 (2022): 1390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc05379e.

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13

Gaumet, V., and D. Avignant. "Caesium Pentafluoroterbate, CsTbF5." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 53, no. 9 (September 15, 1997): 1176–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270197005556.

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14

Smolentsev, Anton I., Alexander I. Gubanov, Dmitry Yu Naumov, and Andrey M. Danilenko. "Caesium hexafluoridoiridate(IV)." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 63, no. 12 (November 23, 2007): i201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s160053680706000x.

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15

Bensch, W., and P. Dürichen. "Caesium Gadolinium Tetratelluride." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 53, no. 3 (March 15, 1997): 267–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270196012309.

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16

Clearfield, Abraham. "Seizing the caesium." Nature Chemistry 2, no. 3 (March 2010): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.567.

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17

Van Almsick, Tobias, and William S. Sheldrick. "Caesium dimethyldiselenidoarsenate(V)." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 61, no. 12 (November 23, 2005): m2661—m2663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536805037669.

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18

Mesbah, Adel, and James A. Ibers. "Caesium diuranium hexatelluride." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 68, no. 10 (September 19, 2012): i76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536812038512.

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19

Samolová, Erika, and Jan Fábry. "Caesium propanoate monohydrate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 76, no. 8 (July 17, 2020): 1307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989020009639.

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Caesium propanoate monohydrate, Cs+·C3H5O2 −·H2O, is composed of two symmetry-independent Cs+ cations, which are situated on the special position 4e of space group P\overline421 m, one symmetry-independent propanoate molecule in a general position and a pair of water molecules also situated on special position 4e. Two pairs of these symmetry-independent cations, four propanoate molecules and two pairs of symmetry-independent water molecules form a repeat unit. These units form columns that are directed along the c axis and possess symmetry mm2. There are four such columns passing through each unit cell. Each column is interconnected to its neighbours by four bifurcated three-centred Ow—H...Op (w = water, p = propanoate) hydrogen bonds of moderate strength. There are also four intramolecular Ow—H...Op hydrogen bonds of moderate strength within each column. One Cs+ cation is coordinated by six oxygen atoms (two water and four carboxylate) in a trigonal–prismatic geometry, while the other Cs+ cation is coordinated by four water and four carboxylate O atoms in a tetragonal–prismatic arrangement.

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20

Åhman, Birgitta. "The use of bentonite and zeolite as caesium-binders in feed to reindeer - experiences from Sweden." Rangifer 10, no. 4 (September 1, 1990): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.10.4.912.

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Feeding is used in Sweden to lower radiocaesium levels in reindeer before slaughter. In feeds used for this purpose, bentonite is added as a caesium-binder to prevent absorption of radiocaesium, since the animals usually have som access to contaminated pasture in their corrals. Bentonite is efficient as a caesium-binder but increases water consumption and excretion of urine. Zeolite has been used as a caesium-binder to reindeer in a few experiments. The effect, however, has been inferior to that of bentonite. It seems that zeolite, mixed in feeds, loose some of its effect as the feed is stored. The need of a caesium-binder is demonstrated by results from practical feeding of reindeer where radiocaesium levels have not decreased as expected when feed without bentonite has been used.

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21

Gavrish, Sergey V., Vladimir V. Loginov, Nikolay Yu Petrenko, Angela S. Mikaeva, Svetlana A. Mikaeva, and Olga E. Zheleznikova. "Exploration of Spectral and Light Characteristics of Pulsed Discharge in Alkaline Metal Vapours." Light & Engineering, no. 03-2022 (June 2022): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2022-029.

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This publication is devoted to the study of the spectral and light characteristics of pulsed discharges in sodium, potassium, rubidium and caesium vapours, as well as in mixtures of sodium with rubidium and caesium. The directions of increasing the luminous efficacy and colour rendering index were analysed theoretically. It has been experimentally established that the highest light output is provided by a discharge in vapours of pure caesium and its mixture with sodium. The spectral distributions of the radiation of the investigated discharges are presented and the justification for the presence of some narrow lines in the spectrum is made.

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22

Stritzinger, Jared T., Janelle E. Droessler, Brian L. Scott, and George S. Goff. "Cs[Tf2N]: a second polymorph with a layered structure." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 74, no. 4 (March 23, 2018): 551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989018004401.

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The structural determination of the ionic liquid, caesium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide or poly[[μ4-bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imido]caesium(I)], Cs[N(SO2CF3)2] or Cs[Tf2N], reveals a second polymorph that also crystallizes in a layer structure possessing monoclinic P21/c symmetry at 120 K instead of C2/c for the known polymorph [Xue et al. (2002). Solid State Sci. 4, 1535–1545]. The caesium ions in the cationic layers are coordinated by the sulfonyl groups of the bistriflimide molecules from anion layers while the trifluoromethyl groups are oriented in the opposite direction, forming a non-polar surface separating the layers. The layer direction is (100).

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23

Hegermann, Jan, Jens Overbeck, and Hildgund Schrempf. "In vivo monitoring of the potassium channel KcsA in Streptomyces lividans hyphae using immuno-electron microscopy and energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy." Microbiology 152, no. 9 (September 1, 2006): 2831–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.29002-0.

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The previous discovery of the Streptomyces lividans kcsA gene and its overexpression followed by the functional reconstitution of the purified gene product has resulted in new strategies to explore this channel protein in vitro. KcsA has evolved as a general model to investigate the structure/function relationship of ion channel proteins. Using specific antibodies raised against a domain of KcsA lacking membrane-spanning regions, KcsA has now been localized within numerous separated clusters between the outer face of the cytoplasm and the cell envelope in substrate hyphae of the S. lividans wild-type strain but not in a designed chromosomal disruption mutant ΔK, lacking a functional kcsA gene. Previous findings had revealed that caesium ions led to a block of KcsA channel activity within S. lividans protoplasts fused to giant vesicles. As caesium can be scored by electron energy loss spectroscopy better than potassium, this technique was applied to hyphae that had been briefly exposed to caesium instead of potassium ions. Caesium was found preferentially at the cell envelope. Compared to the ΔK mutant, the relative level of caesium was ≈30 % enhanced in the wild-type. This is attributed to the presence of KcsA channels. Additional visualization by electron spectroscopic imaging supported this conclusion. The data presented are believed to represent the first demonstration of in vivo monitoring of KcsA in its original host.

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24

Yurchenko, Oleg, Tetiana Chernozhuk, and Oleksandr Baklanov. "Analysis of hot coolants of nuclear power plants by sonoluminescence spectroscopy." Ukrainian Metrological Journal, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24027/2306-7039.3.2022.269796.

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The use of sonoluminescence spectroscopy to analyse hot salt coolants of nuclear power plants, such as caesium and lithium chlorides, was studied. The influence of temperature on the intensity of sonoluminescence of caesium and lithium was experimentally tested. At the same time, with increasing temperature of the solution, the intensity of sonoluminescence of caesium decreased slightly and reached its minimum value at a temperature of 80–82 °C and then increased, reaching its maximum possible value at a temperature of 97–100 °C and decreased again. The intensity of sonoluminescence of lithium also decreased with decreasing temperature of the solution, but this decrease was less significant than that of caesium. The study of the influence of temperature on the results of the determination of the main substance in solutions of salt coolants showed the possibility of accurate determination of the content of caesium and lithium in salt coolants up to a temperature of 150 °C. To achieve better metrological characteristics of the analysis results, ultrahigh-frequency ultrasound with a frequency of 10−12 MHz at an intensity of 20 W∕cm2 should be used to initiate sonoluminescence. A method of determining the content of the main substance in solutions of salt coolants of NPP has been developed. The correctness of the technique was verified by the method of standard additives, as well as by the analysis of coolant samples with different contents of the main substance. At the same time, the value of the relative standard deviation of the results of the determination of the content of lithium chloride (400 g∕l) was 0.076−0.084, and the determination of the content of caesium chloride (600 g∕l) was 0.060−0.069.

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25

Miroshnichenko, O. N., A. A. Paraskiv, and S. B. Gulin. "137CS concentrations in surface waters of the seas of Eurasia: results of expeditionary research in 2017." Геохимия 64, no. 12 (December 20, 2019): 1281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0016-752564121281-1287.

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According to results of the field work conducted in 42nd cruise of the research vessel Akademik Boris Petrov (January-March, 2017) and 68th cruise of RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh (June-August, 2017), the data on concentration of the man-made radionuclide caesium-137 in surface waters of the East China Sea, the South China Sea, Equatorial part of the Indian Ocean, the Red Sea and Mediterranean, Biscay Gulf, the English Channel, the Baltic Sea, North Atlantic, Norwegian Sea and the Barents Sea have been obtained. It was found that concentration of caesium-137 in the surface water of studied Eurasian seas is at a low level. The exception is the Baltic Sea, where the level of caesium-137 is much higher than the values observed before the Chernobyl accident. A higher concentration of caesium-137 in the surface waters of the East China Sea, compared with previous estimates, was found, which may be due to the significant discharge of a high-level liquid radioactive waste after the Fukushima-1 accident in 2011.

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26

Tarvainen, O., D. Faircloth, S. Lawrie, T. Sarmento, R. Abel, J. Macgregor, C. Cahill, T. Stanley, M. Whitehead, and T. Wood. "Caesium Balance of the ISIS H Penning Ion Source." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2244, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2244/1/012031.

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Abstract We have developed a model predicting the equilibrium caesium coverage work function of the cathode (in eV) and the expected H- beam current (in arb. units) of the ISIS Penning ion source. The model is based on semi-empirical expressions for the cathode work function, negative ion surface ionization yield, and caesium adsorption and desorption rates. We compare the model predictions to experimental data with 760 μs discharge and 250 μs beam pulses. It is concluded that the ISIS Penning ion source operates near the optimum cathode work function in a wide range of caesium pressures and cathode temperatures. The model implies that long pulse operation of the source requires elevated Cs oven temperature and improved cathode cooling.

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27

Blum, Zoltan, Ulf Edlund, Curt R. Enzell, Tore Pettersson, A. J. Kondow, W. A. Boettner, A. M. Mulichak, et al. "The 'Caesium Effect' Revisited." Acta Chemica Scandinavica 43 (1989): 248–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3891/acta.chem.scand.43-0248.

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28

Hu, Mancheng, Chunyu Geng, Shuni Li, Zhihong Liu, Yucheng Jiang, and Guofang Zhang. "Caesium(I) hydrogen phthalate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 60, no. 11 (October 30, 2004): m1713—m1715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536804026479.

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29

Schouten, A., J. A. Kanters, and N. S. Poonia. "Structure of caesium picrate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 46, no. 1 (January 15, 1990): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270189005834.

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30

Zúñiga, F. J., T. Breczewski, and A. Arnaiz. "Structure of caesium selenate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 47, no. 3 (March 15, 1991): 638–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270190009039.

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31

Starynowicz, P. "Structure of caesium dicyanamide." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 47, no. 10 (October 15, 1991): 2198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270191003700.

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32

Hirschle, C., and C. Röhr. "Caesium Dioxoantimonate(III), CsSbO2." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 54, no. 9 (September 15, 1998): 1219–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s010827019800331x.

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33

Ehrenreich, T., B. Zhdanov, T. Takekoshi, S. P. Phipps, and R. J. Knize. "Diode pumped caesium laser." Electronics Letters 41, no. 7 (2005): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20058388.

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34

Baran, J., and T. Lis. "Structure of caesium hydrogenselenate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 43, no. 5 (May 15, 1987): 811–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270187093971.

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35

Veldman, N., A. L. Spek, H. T. J. Supèr, and B. H. W. S. de Jong. "Caesium–Lithium Phyllosilicate, Cs1.33Li0.67Si2O5." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 51, no. 10 (October 15, 1995): 1972–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270195005257.

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36

Zatovsky, Igor V., Nataliya Yu Strutynska, Vyacheslav N. Baumer, Nikolay S. Slobodyanik, and Oleg V. Shishkin. "Caesium calciumcyclo-triphosphate, CsCaP3O9." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 62, no. 12 (November 24, 2006): i263—i265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s160053680604832x.

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37

Davies, D. Allen L. "Radioactive caesium in fungi." Mycologist 3, no. 3 (July 1989): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-915x(89)80135-1.

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38

Alcock, Nathaniel W., Michael P. Wilson, and P. Mark Rodger. "Caesium sodium bis(formate)." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 62, no. 2 (January 31, 2006): m388—m390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536806003047.

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39

Woodward, Jonathan D., Philip M. Almond, and Thomas E. Albrecht-Schmitt. "Caesium thorium silicate, Cs2ThSi6O15." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 61, no. 4 (March 25, 2005): i58—i60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536805008421.

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40

Pauls, Jochen, and Bernhard Neumüller. "Lithium- und Caesium-Alkoxometallate." Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 627, no. 9 (September 2001): 2127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3749(200109)627:9<2127::aid-zaac2127>3.0.co;2-7.

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41

Mirnaya, T. A., G. G. Yaremchuk, and S. V. Volkov. "Phase Diagrams of Binary Systems of Some Alkali Iso–Butyrates with One Mesogenic Component." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 50, no. 9 (September 1, 1995): 893–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1995-0917.

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Abstract The phase diagrams of the binary mixtures of mesogenic potassium iso-butyrate with non-mesogenic lithium-, sodium-, and caesium iso-butyrate have been investigated by differential thermal analysis and hot stage polarization microscopy. The temperature and concentration ranges of liquid crystal formation have been established. Sodium and caesium iso-butyrate have been found to possess latent mesogenic properties.

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42

Mirny, V. N., V. V. Trachevski, and T. A. Mimaya. "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of Caesium-133 in Binary Molten Trifluoroacetate Salt Mixtures." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 56, no. 3-4 (April 1, 2001): 288–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2001-0310.

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Abstract The chemical shifts of Cs+ in binary melts of caesium trifluoroacetate with lithium, sodium, potassium or thallium trifluoroacetates have been studied as a function of composition. An influence of added foreign cations on chemical shift of caesium nuclei has been found. The nature of the intra-and intermolecular paramagnetic contributions into the shifts of 133Cs is discussed.

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Babin, A. A., M. V. Volkov, S. G. Garanin, S. A. Kovaldov, A. V. Kopalkin, F. A. Starikov, A. V. Strakhov, and V. V. Feoktistov. "IR laser oscillation on caesium and rubidium atomic transitions upon pumping to high-lying energy levels." Quantum Electronics 52, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qel18021.

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Abstract Laser oscillation is obtained in caesium and rubidium atoms with wavelengths in the range of 2 – 5.5 μm under pumping to high-lying energy levels. Longitudinal resonant pumping is implemented using the second harmonic of radiation from an optical parametric oscillator. The pump wavelength is tuned over discrete levels from 8P to 10P in caesium atoms and from 6P to 8P in rubidium atoms. The width of the pump radiation spectrum is 12 cm−1. When caesium atoms are pumped, the pump pulse energy is no more than 10 mJ; when rubidium atoms are pumped, it does not exceed 3 mJ. The pulse repetition rate is 10 Hz. The maximum output energy of IR laser radiation upon pumping the 9P3/2 level of caesium atoms is about 100 μJ at a cell temperature of ∼170°C, while the efficiency of pump conversion into radiation energy with a wavelength λ ∼ 3.1 μm turns out to be ∼1 %. For rubidium atoms, an estimate of the output energy of IR radiation gives a value of ∼80 μJ at a cell temperature of 180 °C, which corresponds to an energy efficiency of ∼2.7 %.

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Mirnaya, T. A., G. G. Yaremchuk, and S. V. Volkov. "Phase Diagrams of Binary Systems of Some Alkali Propionates." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 48, no. 10 (October 1, 1993): 995–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1993-1006.

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Abstract The phase diagrams of the binary systems sodium-potassium, sodium-caesium, and potassium-caesium propionates have been investigated by differential thermal analysis and hot-stage polarization microscopy. Smectic liquid crystals in the systems with sodium propionate have been discovered. Liquid crystal formation in binaries of two non-mesomorphic components is explained by latent mesomorphism which is shown to be inherent to both sodium and potassium propionate.

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Mirnaya, T. A., V. V. Trachevski, V. S. Dradrakh, and D. V. Bylina. "Phase Diagram, Caesium-133 NMR Spectra and Electrical Conductivity of the Binary System Caesium and Zinc Butyrates." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 55, no. 11-12 (December 1, 2000): 895–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2000-11-1210.

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Abstract Phase equilibria of non-mesogenic caesium- and zinc-butyrate mixtures were studied by differential thermal analysis and hot stage polarization microscopy. Smectic liquid crystals were found in some composition range. Their appearance is explained by the latent mesomorphism of caesium butyrate. |133Cs NMR spectra and the specific electrical conductivity of the molten mixtures at 155°C were employed to investigate the peculiarities of ionic association and interaction in the melts.

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Åhman, Birgitta. "Upptag och utsöndring av cesium-137 hos renar utfodrade med lav efter det radioaktiva nedfallet från Tjernobyl." Rangifer 6, no. 1 (June 1, 1986): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.6.1-app.605.

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Michaelian, K. H., I. Lapides, N. Lahav, S. Yariv, and I. Brodsky. "Infrared Study of the Intercalation of Kaolinite by Caesium Bromide and Caesium Iodide." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 204, no. 2 (August 1998): 389–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1998.5577.

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Roh, Changhyun, Thi Toan Nguyen, Jae-Jin Shim, and Chankyu Kang. "Physico-chemical characterization of caesium and strontium using fluorescent intensity of bacteria in a microfluidic platform." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 5 (May 2019): 182069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.182069.

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Recently, the impact of radioactive caesium (Cs) and strontium (Sr) on human health and the ecosystem has been a major concern due to the use of nuclear energy. However, this study observed changes in green-fluorescent (GFP)-tagged Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms by injecting non-radioactive caesium chloride (CsCl) and strontium chloride (SrCl 2 ) into microstructures embedded in polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic devices, which were used due to their strong toxicity limitations. Four types of microstructures with two different diameters were used in the study. The change of biofilm thickness from fluid velocity and wall shear stress was estimated using computational fluid dynamics and observed throughout the experiment. The effect of pore space became a significant physical factor when the fluid was flowing through the microfluidic devices. As the pore space increased, the biofilm growth increased; therefore, triangular microstructures with the largest pore space showed the best growth of biofilm. Caesium chloride (CsCl) and strontium chloride (SrCl 2 ), less toxic than radioactive caesium (Cs) and strontium (Sr), completely eradicated the P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm with low concentrations. The combined effect of toxicity, fluid velocity, wall shear stress and microstructures increased the efficiency of biofilm eradication. These findings on microfluidic chips can help to indirectly predict the impact on human public health and ecosystems without using radioactive chemicals.

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Wiranatha, A. S., C. W. Rose, and M. S. Salama. "A comparison using the caesium-137 technique of the relative importance of cultivation and overland flow on soil erosion in a steep semi-tropical sub-catchment." Soil Research 39, no. 2 (2001): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr99007.

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The spatial pattern of net soil loss on 6 downslope transects in a small semi-tropical sub-catchment was measured in 1990—91 using the resident caesium-137 deficit technique. The sub-catchment consisted of 2 opposing hillslopes which shed water to an intermittent stream in the valley bottom of the sub-catchment. There were 3 transects on each of the opposing hillslopes, and measurement indicated net soil loss from all 6 transects. Furthermore, the spatial pattern of caesium-137 deficit did not indicate the accumulation of soil expected due to the slope decrease toward the bottom of the valley. Possible explanations of this finding could be the effect of periodic flooding of the intermittent valley stream, or seepage-accelerated erosion. Pineapple cultivation in the sub-catchment since 1950 included intensive cultivation at 4-year intervals by downslope-moving rotary hoe. The paper develops a theoretical prediction of the spatial pattern of net soil loss expected due to such cultivation, as well as the expected pattern of soil loss due to overland flow on the hillslopes. The spatial patterns of soil loss due to these 2 different soil erosion mechanisms were then compared with the pattern of net soil loss indicated by caesium-137 depletion to provide an assessment of their likely relative importance in contributing to soil loss. In the upper part of each hillslope, this comparison of spatial trends did not allow the dominant cause of soil erosion to be distinguished. Both the model of erosion due to cultivation and that due to hillside overland flow predicted soil accumulation in the lower valley sides where slope decreased. Neither model represented the net loss of such accumulated soil indicated by caesium-137 deficit, and this loss possibly occurred during periodically observed flooding of the valley floor, or due to surface burial with caesium-137 depleted subsoil.

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Wiranatha, A. S., C. W. Rose, and M. S. Salama. "Corrigendum to: A comparison using the caesium-137 technique of the relative importance of cultivation and overland flow on soil erosion in a steep semi-tropical sub-catchment." Soil Research 39, no. 5 (2001): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr99007_co.

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The spatial pattern of net soil loss on 6 downslope transects in a small semi-tropical sub-catchment was measured in 1990—91 using the resident caesium-137 deficit technique. The sub-catchment consisted of 2 opposing hillslopes which shed water to an intermittent stream in the valley bottom of the sub-catchment. There were 3 transects on each of the opposing hillslopes, and measurement indicated net soil loss from all 6 transects. Furthermore, the spatial pattern of caesium-137 deficit did not indicate the accumulation of soil expected due to the slope decrease toward the bottom of the valley. Possible explanations of this finding could be the effect of periodic flooding of the intermittent valley stream, or seepage-accelerated erosion. Pineapple cultivation in the sub-catchment since 1950 included intensive cultivation at 4-year intervals by downslope-moving rotary hoe. The paper develops a theoretical prediction of the spatial pattern of net soil loss expected due to such cultivation, as well as the expected pattern of soil loss due to overland flow on the hillslopes. The spatial patterns of soil loss due to these 2 different soil erosion mechanisms were then compared with the pattern of net soil loss indicated by caesium-137 depletion to provide an assessment of their likely relative importance in contributing to soil loss. In the upper part of each hillslope, this comparison of spatial trends did not allow the dominant cause of soil erosion to be distinguished. Both the model of erosion due to cultivation and that due to hillside overland flow predicted soil accumulation in the lower valley sides where slope decreased. Neither model represented the net loss of such accumulated soil indicated by caesium-137 deficit, and this loss possibly occurred during periodically observed flooding of the valley floor, or due to surface burial with caesium-137 depleted subsoil.

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