Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cadmium'
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Wu, Xiawa. "Properties of thin film cadmium sulfide used in cadmium telluride/cadmium sulfide solar cell." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 79 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1654493821&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textWeston, Steven John. "The optical spectroscopy of novel cadmium telluride/cadmium manganese telluride heterostructures." Thesis, University of Hull, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321049.
Full textSheridan, Liam A. "Alternative cadmium source precursors for the growth of cadmium sulphide and cadmium selenide by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339511.
Full textJinadasa, K. B. P. Neelantha. "Cadmium effects on vegetables : production, physiology and biochemistry /." View thesis View thesis, 1998. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030520.085431/index.html.
Full textLange, Anke. "Glutathione response to cadmium in fish cells in vitro and in vivo : relation to metallothionein, cadmium accumulation and cadmium cytotoxicity /." Leipzig ; Halle : UFZ, 2002. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015383336&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textBlanks, Roger Graham. "Cadmium : a human carcinogen." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309678.
Full textChurchouse, Stephen John. "Electrocrystallisation studies on cadmium." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/809.
Full textMcEntee, J. D. "Microbial responses to cadmium." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370177.
Full textDakers, Mark A. R. "Toward selectivity for cadmium." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244985.
Full textPalmer, Stephen. "Cadmium biosorption by bacteria." Thesis, University of Bath, 1988. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233027.
Full textHanson, Miranda Leah. "Prenatal cadmium exposure dysregulates sonic hedgehog and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in the thymus resulting in immunomodulatory effects." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10625.
Full textTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 250 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
Nguyen, Nu Hoai Vi School of Chemical Engineering & Industrial Chemistry UNSW. "Photocatalytic reduction of cadmium and selenium ions and the deposition of cadmium selenide." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Chemistry, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20849.
Full textStewart, Nicholas Michael. "A study of the diffusion of cadmium, copper and gallium in cadmium telluride." Thesis, Coventry University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.279426.
Full textLópez, Fernández de Villaverde Estíbaliz. "Mechanisms behind Cadmium-Induced Teratogenicity." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Toxicology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6223.
Full textHeavy metals polluting our environment cause concern for developing organisms. Among them, cadmium with extremely slow elimination from the body, causes lower birth weight in humans but has not been classify as a human teratogen. Studies in different laboratory animals have shown that cadmium indeed is a potent teratogen. Exposure to cadmium during early mouse embryonic stages (e.g. day 7-8 post-coitus) interferes with the closure of the anterior neural pore producing exencephalic embryos. The underlying mechanisms are not understood, but the heavy accumulation of cadmium in extra- and intraembryonic endoderm and chorioallantoic placenta, however not in the neuroepithelium, suggests that the effects on neural tube closure is due to indirect mechanisms. In this thesis, the disruption in the mouse embryo at the time of neural tube closure of the hierarchies of some signalling pathways and gene regulatory networks that control embryonic development has been studied after cadmium exposure. Cadmium was shown to cause DNA damage as measured by Comet assay, and to activate genes and proteins in the apoptotic pathways (p53, p21, Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3), increasing the number of apoptotic cells mostly in areas of physiological cell death, especially in the neuroepithelium. Many of these effects could be reversed by zinc pre-treatment, known to counteract the teratogenic effect of cadmium. Cadmium was also shown to affect Zn-transport and –regulatory proteins in the embryo, but perhaps more importantly in yolk sac placenta, and in the decidua (ZnT-1, MT-I, and ZIP-4). Using gene arrays, cadmium was found to considerably affect gene expression of rather few genes, such as those of metallothioneins and stress-related proteins, supporting in principle an extraembryonic site of action of cadmium. In addition, a number of genes expressed in the anterior visceral endoderm (Hesx1, HNF3β, Cerl, Otx2 and Sox2) where cadmium accumulates, and known to signal to the anterior neuroepithelium, was affected by cadmium. This finding may suggest a new principle for chemical teratogenesis.
Klose, Ralf. "Arsen und Cadmium in Winterweizen." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-87989.
Full textYoung, Aidan Gerard, and n/a. "Chemistry at cadmium sulfide surfaces." University of Otago. Department of Chemistry, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080806.164202.
Full textHamidian, Amir Hossein, and n/a. "Cadmium in the marine environment." University of Otago. Department of Chemistry, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090728.100026.
Full textLópez, Fernández de Villaverde Estíbaliz. "Mechanisms behind cadmium-induced teratogenicity /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis: Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6223.
Full textÅkesson, Agneta. "Cadmium exposure and iron status /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4290-0/.
Full textAwan, G. R. "Cadmium telluride for solar cells." Thesis, Durham University, 1987. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6852/.
Full textLawal, Akeem Olalekan. "Molecular mechanisms of cadmium toxic." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=25780.
Full textNg, Jasmine Christina. "Toxicity of cadmium in hepatocytes." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1986. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844145/.
Full textSilva, Mariana Scicia Gabriel da [UNESP]. "Adsorção de cádmio e chumbo em solução aquosa por lama vermelha natural e com diferentes ativações." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132704.
Full textAlguns elementos são considerados tóxicos, mesmo em baixas concentrações, causando diversos problemas de saúde pública. Dentre os metais tóxicos, o cádmio e chumbo possuem destaque, pois são amplamente utilizados em atividades industriais, podendo provocar contaminação do solo e de águas superficiais e subterrâneas. Diversas alternativas vêm sendo estudadas para a remoção destes metais. A indústria de aluminio gera um subproduto conhecido como lama vermelha, formado em larga escala necessitando de extensa área para sua disposição . Estudos vêm sendo feitos com o objetivo de reduzir a quantidade gerada de rejeitos por meio de tecnologias que possibilitem sua reutilização. Uma alternativa é o uso da lama vermelha como adsorvedor para tratamento de áreas contaminadas e efluentes líquidos, que quando ativada por tratamento térmico e químico tem apresentado aumento das propriedades de adsorção. Assim, na primeira etapa deste trabalho amostras de lama vermelha foram ativadas por tratamento térmico e químico, caracterizadas, obtidas as isotermas de adsorção, utilizando-se os modelos de Langmuir e Freundlich. Posteriormente, foram analisadas a influência de diferentes valores do pH e da temperatura na adsorção e obtidos o tempo de equilíbrio e cinética da reação da adsorção, permitindo quantificar o potencial de adsorção de cádmio e chumbo. A lama vermelha é um material argiloso, com mesosporos e cxom elevado teor alcalino, além de alta condutividade elétrica. Na maior parte dos casos estudados neste trabalho, as amostras foram melhores descritas pelo modelo de Freundlich, sendo que a alma vermelha ativada termicamente a 400ºC apresentou a melhor capacidade de adsorção, 0,96 m/mol/g de Cd2+ e 2,93 mmol/g de Pb2+. Em todos os casos, a maior eficiência de adsorção ocorreu em pH próximo a 7, o tempo de equilíbrio foi próximo a 420 minutos, a cinética da reação obedeceu melhor ao modelo de pseudo...
Some elements are considered toxic, even in low concentrations, causing many public health problems. Among the toxic metals cadmium and lead have highlighted, as they are widely used in industrial activities, can cause contamination of soil and surface water and groundwater. Several alternatives are being studied for the removal of these metals. The aluminum industry generates a by-product known as red mud, formed large-scale requiring large area for your disposal. Studies have been made in order to reduce the amount of waste generated through technologies that will enables their reuse. An alternative is the use of red mud as adsorbent for treating contaminated liquids and waste areas, which when activated by heat and chemical treatment have shown increased adsorption properties. Thus, in the first step of this work red mud samples were activated by heat and chemical treatment, characterized the adsorption isotherms obtained using the Langmuir model and Freundlich. Subsequently, we analyzed the effect of different values of pH and temperature in the adsorption and obtained time balance and adsorption kinetics of the reaction, allowing to quantify the adsorption potential of cadmium and lead. The red mud is a clay material with mesoporous and high alkaline content, and high electrical conductivity. In most cases studied, the samples were best described by the Freundlich model, and the red mud thermally activated 400ºC showed the best adsortpion capacity 0.96 mmol/g Cd2+ and 2.93 mmol/g Pb2+. In all cases, the greater adsorption efficiency occurred at pH around 7, the equilibration time was close to 420 minutes, the reaction kinetics followed best to the pseudo second order model and endothermic reaction occurred
Silva, Mariana Scicia Gabriel da. "Adsorção de cádmio e chumbo em solução aquosa por lama vermelha natural e com diferentes ativações /." Bauru, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132704.
Full textBanca: Rodrigo Braga Moruzzi
Banca: Amauri Antonio Menegário
Resumo: Alguns elementos são considerados tóxicos, mesmo em baixas concentrações, causando diversos problemas de saúde pública. Dentre os metais tóxicos, o cádmio e chumbo possuem destaque, pois são amplamente utilizados em atividades industriais, podendo provocar contaminação do solo e de águas superficiais e subterrâneas. Diversas alternativas vêm sendo estudadas para a remoção destes metais. A indústria de aluminio gera um subproduto conhecido como lama vermelha, formado em larga escala necessitando de extensa área para sua disposição . Estudos vêm sendo feitos com o objetivo de reduzir a quantidade gerada de rejeitos por meio de tecnologias que possibilitem sua reutilização. Uma alternativa é o uso da lama vermelha como adsorvedor para tratamento de áreas contaminadas e efluentes líquidos, que quando ativada por tratamento térmico e químico tem apresentado aumento das propriedades de adsorção. Assim, na primeira etapa deste trabalho amostras de lama vermelha foram ativadas por tratamento térmico e químico, caracterizadas, obtidas as isotermas de adsorção, utilizando-se os modelos de Langmuir e Freundlich. Posteriormente, foram analisadas a influência de diferentes valores do pH e da temperatura na adsorção e obtidos o tempo de equilíbrio e cinética da reação da adsorção, permitindo quantificar o potencial de adsorção de cádmio e chumbo. A lama vermelha é um material argiloso, com mesosporos e cxom elevado teor alcalino, além de alta condutividade elétrica. Na maior parte dos casos estudados neste trabalho, as amostras foram melhores descritas pelo modelo de Freundlich, sendo que a alma vermelha ativada termicamente a 400ºC apresentou a melhor capacidade de adsorção, 0,96 m/mol/g de Cd2+ e 2,93 mmol/g de Pb2+. Em todos os casos, a maior eficiência de adsorção ocorreu em pH próximo a 7, o tempo de equilíbrio foi próximo a 420 minutos, a cinética da reação obedeceu melhor ao modelo de pseudo...
Abstract: Some elements are considered toxic, even in low concentrations, causing many public health problems. Among the toxic metals cadmium and lead have highlighted, as they are widely used in industrial activities, can cause contamination of soil and surface water and groundwater. Several alternatives are being studied for the removal of these metals. The aluminum industry generates a by-product known as red mud, formed large-scale requiring large area for your disposal. Studies have been made in order to reduce the amount of waste generated through technologies that will enables their reuse. An alternative is the use of red mud as adsorbent for treating contaminated liquids and waste areas, which when activated by heat and chemical treatment have shown increased adsorption properties. Thus, in the first step of this work red mud samples were activated by heat and chemical treatment, characterized the adsorption isotherms obtained using the Langmuir model and Freundlich. Subsequently, we analyzed the effect of different values of pH and temperature in the adsorption and obtained time balance and adsorption kinetics of the reaction, allowing to quantify the adsorption potential of cadmium and lead. The red mud is a clay material with mesoporous and high alkaline content, and high electrical conductivity. In most cases studied, the samples were best described by the Freundlich model, and the red mud thermally activated 400ºC showed the best adsortpion capacity 0.96 mmol/g Cd2+ and 2.93 mmol/g Pb2+. In all cases, the greater adsorption efficiency occurred at pH around 7, the equilibration time was close to 420 minutes, the reaction kinetics followed best to the pseudo second order model and endothermic reaction occurred
Mestre
Zorrig, Walid. "Recherche des déterminants contrôlant l’accumulation du cadmium chez la laitue "Lactuca sativa"." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NSAM0001/document.
Full textCadmium is an extremely toxic pollutant causing a great number of diseases. It is a widespread metal which concentration rises in cultivated soils, thus exposing food or feed crops to it and ultimately causing potential major sanitary problems as a consequence of its entry in the food chain. Among the vegetable species used for food, lettuce shows one of the highest capacities of accumulating cadmium. Our objectives are to characterize mechanisms controlling cadmium accumulation in this species and identify the corresponding genetic determinants, ultimately aiming at breeding lettuce for cadmium under-accumulation.A phenotypical analysis of cadmium accumulation was carried out on 18 lettuce genotypes representing the genetic diversity of the species, revealing a great variability of response, both with respect to cadmium accumulation and cadmium translocation from roots to shoot. The lettuce genotypes displayed independent variations for both traits, and also between these traits and cadmium tolerance. In contrast, a very strong positive correlation linked cadmium and zinc accumulation. Increasing calcium and iron concentration in the culture medium had a protective effect against cadmium accumulation, however this characteristic did not discriminate the lettuce genotypes presenting extreme cadmium accumulation phenotypes. Interestingly, experiments measuring 109Cd influx in roots, 109Cd efflux from roots and 109Cd translocation from roots to shoots revealed that the genotype displaying the least cadmium accumulation could be discriminated from the genotype displaying the highest one by its markedly increased ability to efflux cadmium from the roots to the culture medium. Progeny analysis from crosses between the genotypes displaying extreme performances for cadmium accumulation, cadmium translocation from roots to shoots and cadmium tolerance revealed that none of these traits was supported by a single genetic determinism. QTL mapping is under development. Surprisingly, the genetic analysis demonstrated that the ability to limit cadmium accumulation (and thus probably to increase cadmium efflux from the roots) was recessive.In conclusion, phenotypic analysis of cadmium accumulation in a large set of lettuce genotypes revealed that a major determinant limiting cadmium accumulation in these species is the ability to efflux cadmium from the root to the culture medium
Roy, Santanu. "Spectroscopic study of defects in cadmium selenide quantum dots (QDS) and cadmium selenide nanorods (NRS)." Diss., Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16118.
Full textDepartment of Chemistry
Viktor Chikan
Ever depleting sources of fossil fuel has triggered more research in the field of alternate sources of energy. Over the past few years, CdSe nanoparticles have emerged as a material with a great potential for optoelectronic applications because of its easy exciton generation and charge separation. Electronic properties of CdSe nanoparticles are highly dependent on their size, shape and electronic environment. The main focus of this research is to explore the effect of different electronic environments on various spectroscopic properties of CdSe nanoparticles and link this to solar cell performance. To attain that goal, CdSe quantum dots (QDs) and nanorods (NRs) have been synthesized and either doped with metal dopants or embedded in polymer matrices. Electronic properties of these nanocomposites have been studied using several spectroscopic techniques such as absorption, photoluminescence, time-resolved photoluminescence, confocal microscopy and wide field microscopy. Indium and tin are the two metal dopants that have been used in the past to study the effect of doping on conductivity of CdSe QDs. Based on the photoluminescence quenching experiments, photoluminescence of both indium and tin doped samples suggest that they behave as n-type semiconductors. A comparison between theoretical and experimental data suggests that energy levels of indium doped and tin doped QDs are 280 meV and 100 meV lower than that of the lowest level of conduction band respectively. CdSe nanorods embedded in two different polymer matrices have been investigated using wide field fluorescence microscopy and confocal microscopy. The data reveals significant enhancement in bandedge luminescence of NRs in the vicinity of a conjugated polymer such as P3HT. Photoactive charge transfer from polymers to the surface traps of NRs may account for the observed behavior. Further study shows anti-correlation between bandedge and trap state emission of CdSe NRs. A recombination model has been proposed to explain the results. The origin of traps is also investigated and plausible explanations are drawn from the acquired data.
Ergunt, Hasan Yasin. "Bulk Growth And Characterization Of Cadmium Zinc Telluride Crystals For Mercury Cadmium Telluride Infrared Detector Applications." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614738/index.pdf.
Full textModified Bridgman Technique&rdquo
. Difficulties in both growth and characterization are presented and discussed in this report. Characterization of the grown CdZnTe crystal was performed to determine the crystallographic orientation, crystal quality, Zn distribution, IR transmission, resistivity, polarity, etch pit density, and surface properties. For this purpose, electron microscopy with analytical diagnostic tools like EDS and EBSD, XRD, optical transmission spectroscopy, and electrical measurement systems have been employed. We demonstrated the successful growth of single crystal CZT crystals using our simple Bridgman furnace. Physical properties of the grown crystal were very promising and encouraging for future applications. Crystal pieces having sizes larger than 5 x 5 mm2 with uniform Zn distribution and (211) surface orientation were obtained. IR transmission of nearly 60% which is as good as that of the commercial substrates was achieved. The electrical resistivity was much better (higher) than generally accepted values. However, the XRD results indicated the presence of defects and/or micro grains in the bulk crystal. These structures seemed to have prevented obtaining good FWHM values, which are the measure of crystal quality, in the XRD analysis.
Wilkins, Janine Catherine. "Cadmium tolerance in Holcus lanatus L. : studies of stability and differential cadmium uptake in two ecotypes." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297644.
Full textDiederich, Geoffrey M. "Synthesis of Zinc Telluride/Cadmium Selenide/Cadmium Sulfide Quantum Dot Heterostructures for use in Biological Applications." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1342542873.
Full textEsch, Victor Clark. "Optical properties of cadmium sulfide and cadmium telluride microcrystallites in glass and an optical associative memory." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184966.
Full textStrady, Emilie. "Mécanismes biogéochimiques de la contamination des huîtres Crassostrea gigas en Cadmium en baie de Marennes Oléron." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14060/document.
Full textThe Marennes-Oléron Bay, hosting the largest oyster production in France, is influenced by thehistoric polymetallic pollution of the Gironde Estuary, with cadmium levels in oysters close tothe consumption limit level (5 μg.g-1 dw, EC No.466/2001). The aim of this pluridisciplinarywork was to characterize the behaviour of trace metals in the coastal zone and the mechanisms ofCd contamination in oysters in the Marennes Oléron Bay. Seven oceanographic cruises wereconducted during contrasting season to characterize trace metals behaviour and speciation in theGironde and Charente estuaries and the coastal zone. Then, a spatial and temporal study of tracemetals in the surface sediments of the Marennes-Oléron Bay showed punctual Cd-enrichedsediments in the southern part, reflecting the connexion with the Gironde waters and theparticulate Cd inputs via the Maumusson inlet. Thus, this area was chosen to study Cdbioaccumulation in oysters over a three months transplantation. The regional hydrodynamic,observed by satellite images, played an important role on Cd speciation and the temporalvariability of dissolved and particulate Cd concentrations. Cadmium bioaccumulation in organsof oysters reared on tables at 60 cm height was more important than in oysters reared near thesediment, suggesting the absence of Cd released during tidal suspension from sediment andmicrophytobenthos. Furthermore, as the immersion time was closed between the two rearingconditions, we suggested Cd bioaccumulation via the direct pathway and also via trophicpathway of contamination by pelagic plankton ingestion. This trophic pathway of Cdcontamination was validated during laboratory experiments using a simultaneous tracing of Cddirect and trophic pathways in oysters by stable isotope spikes at concencentrations 10-foldhigher than the Gironde Estuary and at realistic concentrations observed in the Marennes-OléronBay
Cardilli, Emanuele. "Aluminium-based coatings for cadmium replacement." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2008. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/3208.
Full textLindén, Anna. "Biomonitoring of cadmium in pig production /." Uppsala : Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences ([Institutionen för farmakologioch toxikologi], Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2002. http://projkat.slu.se/SafariDokument/222.htm.
Full textCox, Michael Jason. "Zinc, cadmium and mercury 1,1-dithiolates /." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc8775.pdf.
Full textBauer, Cletus P. "Electron irradiation n type cadmium telluride." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/21306.
Full textArcher, Neil Andrew. "Mercury diffusion in cadmium mercury telluride." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262522.
Full textCowling, Lucinda. "Epigenetic dysregulation in cadmium urothelial carcinogenesis." Thesis, University of York, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13052/.
Full textHOUPERT, PASCALE. "Toxicocinetique du cadmium chez la brebis." Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA077220.
Full textMackay, Elaine A. "Polymorphism of cadmium-induced mussel metallothioneins." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1990. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU024434.
Full textXue, Zichen. "Cadmium isotope variations in the oceans." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/10547.
Full textJain, Swati. "Photoluminescence study of cadmium zinc telluride." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1876.
Full textTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 84 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-83).
Milham, Paul J. "The behaviour of cadmium in soil." Thesis, View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/39519.
Full textMilham, Paul J. "The behaviour of cadmium in soil." View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/39519.
Full textA thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, Centre for Plant and Food Science, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographical references.
Promnim, Phatthanawan. "Potential use of pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) and cadmium tolerant bacteria to reduce cadmium toxicity in soil." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1687.
Full textBoupha, Prasongsidh C. "The effect of cadmium on food allergy /." Richmond, N.S.W. : Hawkesbury Agricultural College, 1994. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030820.163219/index.html.
Full textViala, Yoann. "Elaboration d'un modèle de prédiction de la phytodisponibilité du cadmium dans les sols agricoles : application à la contamination cadmiée du blé dur." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0091/document.
Full textCadmium (Cd) is a trace element found in agricultural soils which can contaminate the food chain by being taken up by plants and accumulated in consumed plant products. The bioavailability of Cd is a concept at the centre of the risk assessment of Cd transfer from soil to plants. Plants, taking up essentially the free form of Cd (Cd2+) in the soil solution, bioavailability is a function of two main processes, the Cd speciation in solution (the different chemical forms taken by the Cd in solution) and the partitioning of Cd2+ between the solid phase and the solution. The main objective of this work was to develop simple predictive operational models of Cd2+ concentrations in agricultural soil solution, by modelling either Cd speciation in soil solution or Cd2+ solid-solution partitioning, the latter to further inform the ability of the phase to replenish the soil solution during root absorption. We also looked for models for the prediction of Cd2+ levels found in durum wheat grains. We have developed two modelling approaches. The first, statistical, allows to produce simple models for operational purposes. The second, geochemical, allows to understand the dominant mechanisms and thus to judge the coherence of simple statistical models to represent complex physicochemical processes. These two approaches have consistently shown that for poorly contaminated agricultural soils, the exchanged Cd between the solid phase and the solution is likely to be weakly sorbed and can be estimated by the Cd extracted by 1M NH4NO3 minus a fraction attached to amorphous manganese oxides. Modelling also showed the importance of pH and Ca content in solution as variables controlling the solubility of Cd2+, probably because of their role in controlling the sorption site availability and Cd complexation. The best-performing statistical model for predicting Cd content in durum wheat also picks up these variables, suggesting that simple statistical models for speciation in solution and soil-solution partitioning of Cd are relevant models to estimate bioavailability and that they can be used to classify soils according to the risks of the transfer of soil Cd to a crop. Compared to the evolution of the regulatory context, the statistical model predictive of the Cd content in the grain shown by cross validation that it could discern relatively reliably (88%) the differences of 0.05 mg Cd.kg-1 of grain and that its reliability would be less (65%) for differences of 0.025 mg Cd.kg-1
Bonaventura, Paola. "Changement de l’homéostasie du Zinc et du Cadmium par l’inflammation chronique et nouvelles options thérapeutiques pour le traitement de l’arthrite." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1081/document.
Full textRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease. Synoviocytes, cells forming the inner layer the synovium, become refractory to apoptosis and participate in the chronicity of inflammation through the production of IL-6. The perpetuation of inflammation causes an important induction of bone loss in joints.Zinc (Zn) and Cadmium (Cd) share many physico-chemical properties and cell transport mechanism. Zn is known as a regulator of the normal function of the immune system, while Cd properties on the immune system are not well defined.Our aim was to provide information on the metal homeostasis mechanisms in synoviocytes during chronic inflammation and on the consequences of metal homeostasis changes. After studying the differential effect of Zn and Cd at the cellular level, we could provide an innovative tool to control synoviocyte contribution to rheumatoid arthritis, which was tested on an in vivo model of arthritis.Results show that IL-17/TNF-a combination drives the accumulation of metals inside synoviocytes through the enhancing of ZIP-8 importer expression and regardless of the concentration of metals in the culture medium. In contrast, the expression of the metal exporter ZnT1 and of the homeostasis regulators metallothioneins (MTs) was primarily dependent on metal levels.Addition of Zn stimulated the inflammatory response, while addition of Cd can reduce both viability and inflammation.The anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties of Cd were used in the rat model of arthritis as intra-articular treatment to reduce local inflammation and joint destruction and it may represent a new local therapeutic approach for RA treatment
Gardarin, Aurélie. "Cadmium, ATPase-P , Levure : Du transport à la toxicité." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10283.
Full textTwo projects has been developed during my PhD. One consisting in the functional study of CadA, the Cd2+ -A TPase from Listeria monocytogenes, the other one was focused on the toxicity of cadmium and the associated response of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This two studies used a a phenotype of sensitivity to cadmium induced by CadA expression in yeast. This phenotype was used as a screening tool to identify essential amino acids of Cd transport byCadA and to study cadmium toxicity and the corresponding yeast cellular response. CadA actively transports Cd using A TP hydrolysis as energy source. Directed mutagenesis of the membranous amino-acids revealed that Cd transport pathway implied four transmembrane segments (Tm) and more precisely the cysteine C354, C356 and pro line P355 of the CPC motif located in Tm6, aspartate D692 in Tm8, glutamate EI64 in Tm4 and methionine Ml49 in Tm5. From our studies, 2 Cd ions would be translocated for each hydrolysis A TP. Expression of CadA in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae induces an hypersensitivity to Cd. A wild type cell can grow up to IOOIlM cadmium whereas CadA expressing yeast cannot grow with IIlM cadmium in the culture medium. This cadmium sensitivity was due to the localisation of CadA in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Transport of cadmium in this compartment poduces an accumulation of misfolded proteins that induces the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). As UPR also occurs in a wild type yeast exposed to low Cd concentration, one can point out endoplasmic reticulum as a extremely sensitive cellular compartment. UPR also appears as an early response to Cd as it happens far before any visible signs oftoxicity
Rousselet-Russo, Estelle. "Réponses cellulaires vis-à vis de l’exposition au cadmium chez les animaux." Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10196.
Full textMost consequences of cadmium exposure arise from the interaction with a range of bio-molecules and by interference with homeostasis of other metals. Zinc is the biologically metal that most closely resembles Cd. A High Resistant Zinc (HZR) cellline derived from HeLa cells was found to be resistant to Cd toxicity. The induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress decreases resistance of HZR cells to Cd exposure. Also tyrosine catabolism, may be as a way of producing melanin, is involved in adaptation to high zinc concentrations, as witnessed by proteomic analysis. The Cd resistance of HZR cells is due to the limitation of intracellular cadmium. The over-expression of major efflux pumps was not responsible for expelling Cd from HZR cells. Instead, Cd uptake was limited by a not already known Cd transporters characterized in other cell types. A genome-wide analysis of the HZR transcripts underlines a series of signalisation pathways in which the number of cellular components that are sensitive is too large to identify individual molecules directly responsible for handling zinc or Cd. Ln mammals, Cd intoxication could lead to anemia. At the cellular level, iron homeostasis is regulated at the translational level by the IRE (Iron Responsive Element)! IRP (Iron Regulatory Proteins) system. Mice, orally treated with Cd, show neither anemia nor changes in tissue IRP activities, although significant accumulation of Cd in these organs. Ln HeLa cells Cd decreases the IRPI stability, contrary to the HZR cells. The cellular responses to Cd depend on the cellular conditions, most probably by the interplay among the signalling cascades evidenced in the HZR transcriptomic studies
Cooke, Sharon A. "Alternative chalcogen sources for the growth of cadmium sulfide and cadmium selenide by metal organic chemical vapour deposition." Thesis, University of Reading, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284186.
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