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Journal articles on the topic 'CAD reconstruction'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Qian, Gui Ping, and Ruo Feng Tong. "Automatical Reconstruction of Deficient CAD Model." Advanced Materials Research 186 (January 2011): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.186.241.

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This paper presents a new CAD model reconstruction method for finite element mesh analysis. It has been accepted by many researchers that modification of a model is often a necessity as a precursor to effective mesh generation. We design an IGES surface model transformation and repairing method based on trimmed B-spline surface patches, and give an algorithm for reconstructing Brep model from surface model without correct topology information. In processing Brep model for numerical simulation, the critical issues involves the rectification of geometrical and topological errors, clearing up sharp edges and cracks, geometry healing will be emphasized. Our model-healing algorithm essentially simplifies the problems of the imperfect models and allows one to deal with simple surface model rather than complex surface representations for finite element mesh.

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Sekou, Singare, Shou Yan Zhong, Guang Hui Xu, Wei Ping Wang, and Jian Jun Zhou. "CAD-CAM Prosthesis in Maxillo-Facial Surgery." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 1241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.1241.

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To improve the maxillofacial surgery outcome, modern manufacturing methods such as rapid prototyping (RP), reverse engineering (RE) and medical imaging data have been utilised to manufacture custom-made prostheses after previous failed reconstructive surgery. After acquisition of data, an individual computer-based 3D model of the bony defect was generated and transferred into RE software to create the prosthesis CAD model. Then the physical model of the prosthesis was fabricated by RP technique. The precise fit of the prosthesis was evaluated using the prosthesis and skull models. The prosthesis was then directly used in investment casting such as “Quick Cast” pattern to produce the titanium model. In the clinical reports presented here, reconstructions of one patient with large mandible bone defects were performed using this method. The custom prostheses perfectly fit the defects during the operations, and surgery time was reduced. These cases showed that the prefabrication of a prosthesis using modern manufacturing technology is an effective method for maxillofacial defect reconstruction.

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Melchels, Ferry, Paul Severin Wiggenhauser, David Warne, Mark Barry, Fook Rhu Ong, Woon Shin Chong, Dietmar Werner Hutmacher, and Jan-Thorsten Schantz. "CAD/CAM-assisted breast reconstruction." Biofabrication 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 034114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1758-5082/3/3/034114.

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4

Caro, Dann Joel, and Ferdinand Pamintuan. "Application of Open-Source 3D Planning Software in Virtual Reconstruction of Complex Maxillofacial Defects." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 36, no. 2 (November 11, 2021): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v36i2.1801.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To present our in-house 3D planning protocol utilizing open-source computer-aided design software and discuss specific applications in reconstruction of various craniomaxillofacial defects, demonstrating a free, accessible, efficient, accurate, and easily learnable alternative to expensive counterparts. Methods: Design: Case Series Setting: Tertiary Private Training Hospital Participants: Ten (10) patients who underwent CAD assisted reconstructive surgeries from February 2017 – May 2018. Results: A total of 10 patients were included; 7 mandibular reconstructions were surgically reconstructed using our 3D planning protocol and achieved symmetric mandibular contour, with good functional occlusion after surgery; 1 cranioplasty and 1 orbital trauma case also achieved good symmetry and adequate correction of enophthalmos respectively. However, inadequate soft tissue correction was seen in 1 case of maxillary reconstruction despite achieving symmetric bony contour. Conclusion: Our 3D planning protocol using open-source CAD applications is a viable alternative to expensive professional counterparts. Additional prospective studies may better demonstrate benefits in terms of accuracy and decreasing intraoperative time in craniomaxillofacial and head and neck reconstruction.

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Zhang, yanqun, Chunhua Sun, and Ichiro Hagiwara. "612 Research on CAD Modeling Freeform Surface Reconstruction from Mesh Data." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2005.18 (2005): 291–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2005.18.291.

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Cho, Min-Jeong, Alex A. Kane, Rami R. Hallac, Noopur Gangopadhyay, and James R. Seaward. "Liquid Latex Molding: A Novel Application of 3D Printing to Facilitate Flap Design." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 54, no. 4 (July 2017): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/15-252.

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The approach to bony craniofacial reconstruction has been significantly enhanced with the development of patient-specific, computer-aided designed and manufactured (CAD/CAM) implants. This technology, however, has not yet been widely employed for soft tissue reconstruction. While algorithmic approaches based on the size, location, and etiology of the defect are effective in most cases, a patient-specific CAD/CAM approach has benefits in complex reconstructive problems. In this study, we present a patient-specific approach to preoperative flap planning: using three-dimensional (3D) printing and liquid latex to create a flexible model of a flap, and demonstrate its application in planning a complex scalp reconstruction.

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SHINODA, Junichi, Zohuqi WU, Wenjie CHENG, and Ichiro HAGIWARA. "611 Reconstruction Technique in Reverse Engineering." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2005.18 (2005): 289–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2005.18.289.

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Bok, S. H., A. Y. C. Nee, and S. L. Lee. "Object-Oriented Reconstruction for CAD Modelling." CIRP Annals 39, no. 1 (1990): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-8506(07)61019-1.

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9

Lee, Hyunoh, Jinwon Lee, Hyungki Kim, and Duhwan Mun. "Dataset and method for deep learning-based reconstruction of 3D CAD models containing machining features for mechanical parts." Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 9, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 114–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwab072.

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ABSTRACT Three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design (CAD) model reconstruction techniques are used for numerous purposes across various industries, including free-viewpoint video reconstruction, robotic mapping, tomographic reconstruction, 3D object recognition, and reverse engineering. With the development of deep learning techniques, researchers are investigating the reconstruction of 3D CAD models using learning-based methods. Therefore, we proposed a method to effectively reconstruct 3D CAD models containing machining features into 3D voxels through a 3D encoder–decoder network. 3D CAD model datasets were built to train the 3D CAD model reconstruction network. For this purpose, large-scale 3D CAD models containing machining features were generated through parametric modeling and then converted into a 3D voxel format to build the training datasets. The encoder–decoder network was then trained using these training datasets. Finally, the performance of the trained network was evaluated through 3D reconstruction experiments on numerous test parts, which demonstrated a high reconstruction performance with an error rate of approximately 1%.

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Zhang, Dong, Teng Huang, and Jing Cao Song. "CAD Model Reconstruction Using 3D Laser Scanning." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 3485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.3485.

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This paper presents a method for automatic CAD model reconstruction from 3D laser scanning data. 3D laser scanning is a surveying instrument integrated with various kinds of new high technologies, which operates by non-contact high speed laser measurement. The whole process includes data capturing, noise reduction, sub-sampling and surface reconstruction. Modeling accuracy is analyzed afterwards and finally comes to a conclusion that modeling from 3D laser scanning has a great value in virtual reproduction of the objects. Result shows the efficiency of the method addressed in the paper to mode objects.

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Starly, B., Z. Fang, W. Sun, A. Shokoufandeh, and W. Regli. "Three-Dimensional Reconstruction for Medical-CAD Modeling." Computer-Aided Design and Applications 2, no. 1-4 (January 2005): 431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16864360.2005.10738392.

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12

Azernikov, Sergei, and Anath Fischer. "Efficient surface reconstruction method for distributed CAD." Computer-Aided Design 36, no. 9 (August 2004): 799–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2003.09.006.

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Yang, Jie, and Lei Zhao. "Research on 3D Reconstruction of the Facial Surface Reverse Engineering." Advanced Materials Research 201-203 (February 2011): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.201-203.113.

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According to the surface integration of laser technology and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology (CAD & CAM), a method that is rebuilt surface of three-dimensional facial reconstruction has been explored. A laser scanning system is used to collect the 3D discrete point data of the facial model, which will be cut up by their characteristics and curvature in order to make a 3D face reconstruction. The maximum reconstructive error is 0.2174mm. Application results indicate that the proposed method is quite satisfactory for facial reconstructive surgery, rehabilitation design and plastic surgery.

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Kumta, Samir, Monica Kumta, Leena Jain, Shrirang Purohit, and Rani Ummul. "A novel 3D template for mandible and maxilla reconstruction: Rapid prototyping using stereolithography." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 48, no. 03 (September 2015): 263–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-0358.173123.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Replication of the exact three-dimensional (3D) structure of the maxilla and mandible is now a priority whilst attempting reconstruction of these bones to attain a complete functional and aesthetic rehabilitation. We hereby present the process of rapid prototyping using stereolithography to produce templates for modelling bone grafts and implants for maxilla/mandible reconstructions, its applications in tumour/trauma, and outcomes for primary and secondary reconstruction. Materials and Methods: Stereolithographic template-assisted reconstruction was used on 11 patients for the reconstruction of the mandible/maxilla primarily following tumour excision and secondarily for the realignment of post-traumatic malunited fractures or deformity corrections. Data obtained from the computed tomography (CT) scans with 1-mm resolution were converted into a computer-aided design (CAD) using the CT Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data. Once a CAD model was constructed, it was converted into a stereolithographic format and then processed by the rapid prototyping technology to produce the physical anatomical model using a resin. This resin model replicates the native mandible, which can be thus used off table as a guide for modelling the bone grafts. Discussion: This conversion of two-dimensional (2D) data from CT scan into 3D models is a very precise guide to shaping the bone grafts. Further, this CAD can reconstruct the defective half of the mandible using the mirror image principle, and the normal anatomical model can be created to aid secondary reconstructions. Conclusion: This novel approach allows a precise translation of the treatment plan directly to the surgical field. It is also an important teaching tool for implant moulding and fixation, and helps in patient counselling.

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Kuzmichev, Victor, Aleksei Moskvin, Evgenii Surzhenko, and Mariia Moskvina. "Computer reconstruction of 19th century trousers." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 29, no. 4 (August 7, 2017): 594–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-12-2016-0139.

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Purpose Designing of clothes using the historical prototypes is very popular in contemporary practice. The purpose of this paper is to apply 2D and 3D computer-aided design (CAD) systems to reconstruct the historical pattern block and get the virtual image in accordance with the prototypes. New algorithm has been proved for men trousers taken from the nineteenth century. Design/methodology/approach Our approach is to develop a method of CAD to reconstruct historical trousers through analyzing and rebuilding of historical algorithms used to pattern blocks making, old anthropometrical database, and the pattern blocks shaping. Trousers construction, methods of trousers shaping by hands, body sizes schedule, manuals of 36 pattern cutting systems, and its sketches from nineteenth century have been analyzed. Then, by means of parameterization of historical pattern blocks, we have developed the universal trousers pattern cutting algorithm. The final step of the research has been devoted to virtual fitting technology that helps to determine the differences between historical trousers chosen as prototype and virtual image reconstructed by 3D CAD. Findings The authors have developed the parametrical module of 2D CAD and expanded the application of 3D CAD to re-designing of completely new object such as nineteenth century trousers pattern blocks in accordance with the historical method of shaping by hands. The conformity between the style of historical trousers and the virtual images reconstructed from two resources – pattern block and sketch silhouette – has been achieved. Originality/value This study demonstrated the contemporary approach to historical garments reconstruction by means of CAD. This study should help researchers of historical costume and practical specialists in apparel industry to apply historical heritage in a contemporary way.

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Buonamici, Francesco, Monica Carfagni, Rocco Furferi, Lapo Governi, Alessandro Lapini, and Yary Volpe. "Reverse engineering of mechanical parts: A template-based approach." Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 5, no. 2 (November 14, 2017): 145–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcde.2017.11.009.

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Abstract Template-Based reverse engineering approaches represent a relatively poorly explored strategy in the field of CAD reconstruction from polygonal models. Inspired by recent works suggesting the possibility/opportunity of exploiting a parametric description (i.e. CAD template) of the object to be reconstructed in order to retrieve a meaningful digital representation, a novel reverse engineering approach for the reconstruction of CAD models starting from 3D mesh data is proposed. The reconstruction process is performed relying on a CAD template, whose feature tree and geometric constraints are defined according to the a priori information on the physical object. The CAD template is fitted upon the mesh data, optimizing its dimensional parameters and positioning/orientation by means of a particle swarm optimization algorithm. As a result, a parametric CAD model that perfectly fulfils the imposed geometric relations is produced and a feature tree, defining an associative modelling history, is available to the reverse engineer. The proposed implementation exploits a cooperation between a CAD software package (Siemens NX) and a numerical software environment (MATLAB). Five reconstruction tests, covering both synthetic and real-scanned mesh data, are presented and discussed in the manuscript; the results are finally compared with models generated by state of the art reverse engineering software and key aspects to be addressed in future work are hinted at. Highlights A novel CAD reconstruction method fitting a CAD template model to mesh data. A feature-based parametric-associative modelling history is retrieved. Fitting process is controlled by a Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm. Accuracy of reconstructed models is comparable/better than state of the art results. Computational costs and required time are at the moment considerable.

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Agraha, Arya Kusuma, Masykur Rahmat, and Rahardjo . "PEMAKAIAN MEDICAL RAPID PROTOTYPING UNTUK PREKONTUR PLAT REKONSTRUKSI PADA RESEKSI MANDIBULA." ODONTO : Dental Journal 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/odj.4.2.149-158.

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Background: In the case of mandibular resection that leaves a large mandibular bone defect, a mandibular reconstruction is required to restore functional and postoperative aesthetic factors. Mandibular reconstruction plate installation on mandibular resection is very important but difcult to achieve maximum results. The formation of reconstruction plates can be preoperative and intraoperative. Preoperative stereolithography (medical rapid prototyping/MRP) can be used to form rapid and accurate plates (precontours). Objective: Report the use of MRP as an alternative tool to precontour mandibular reconstruction plate.Case management: Reported reconstruction of mandibular defects in one case of hemimandibulectomy and two cases of segmental resection with avascular iliac bone grafts using MRP through a computer-aided design and computer aided manufacture procedure (CAD/CAM) to establish preoperative reconstruction plates (precontour) so the surgery doesn’t take long time to reconstruct, by forming a mandibular models under normal circumstances.Result: The formation of a reconstruction plates (precontour) using MRP (medical rapid prototyping) with CAD / CAM procedure gives results in accordance with the original form.Conclusions: The making of MRP through CAD / CAM procedure gives maximal result resembling the form of mandibular model. The MRP models get an accurate picture of the patient’s jaw as a pre contour tools for reconstruction plate. The formation of the reconstruction plates (precontour) with these MRP model is obtained from CAD / CAM and provides a normal jaw image, so that preoperative precontouring will give good and maximum result on the reconstruction plates made under the MRP models.

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Guo, Haoxiang, Shilin Liu, Hao Pan, Yang Liu, Xin Tong, and Baining Guo. "ComplexGen." ACM Transactions on Graphics 41, no. 4 (July 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3528223.3530078.

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We view the reconstruction of CAD models in the boundary representation (B-Rep) as the detection of geometric primitives of different orders, i.e. , vertices, edges and surface patches, and the correspondence of primitives, which are holistically modeled as a chain complex, and show that by modeling such comprehensive structures more complete and regularized reconstructions can be achieved. We solve the complex generation problem in two steps. First, we propose a novel neural framework that consists of a sparse CNN encoder for input point cloud processing and a tri-path transformer decoder for generating geometric primitives and their mutual relationships with estimated probabilities. Second, given the probabilistic structure predicted by the neural network, we recover a definite B-Rep chain complex by solving a global optimization maximizing the likelihood under structural validness constraints and applying geometric refinements. Extensive tests on large scale CAD datasets demonstrate that the modeling of B-Rep chain complex structure enables more accurate detection for learning and more constrained reconstruction for optimization, leading to structurally more faithful and complete CAD B-Rep models than previous results.

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Mercuri, Louis G., Larry M. Wolford, Bruce Sanders, R. Dean White, Anita Hurder, and William Henderson. "Custom CAD/CAM total temporomandibular joint reconstruction system." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 53, no. 2 (February 1995): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(95)90381-x.

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Pang, John Henry, Sebastian Brooke, Mark Kubik, Robert Ferris, Matilda Dhima, Matthew Hanasono, Eric Wang, and Mario Solari. "Staged Reconstruction (Delayed-Immediate) of the Maxillectomy Defect Using CAD/CAM Technology." Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery 34, no. 03 (November 27, 2017): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1607394.

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Background Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology has become increasingly popular for free fibula reconstruction of the mandible. The same technology, however, has not been widely utilized in immediate complex midface reconstruction utilizing free fibula flaps. Maxillary defects are difficult to precisely predict or produce matched cutting guides for after the ablative surgery. We present a protocol for “delayed-immediate” two-stage reconstruction for complex mid-facial defects, by delaying lymph node neck dissection and using CAD/CAM technology for delayed bony reconstruction. Methods Stage 1 includes the extirpative surgery, placement of a temporary obturator, and an immediate post-excision fine cut computed tomography (CT) of the defect that is used for CAD/CAM planning. The time interval between stages is used for virtual surgical planning (VSP) and provides an opportunity for the final pathologic margins to be evaluated. At stage 2, definitive reconstruction is performed in conjunction with the delayed neck dissection. Briefly delaying the neck dissection until stage 2 allows for recipient vessel dissection and microsurgical anastomoses to safely occur in a surgically naïve neck. Conclusion A two-stage delayed-immediate reconstruction of complex mid-face defects can be safely and effectively performed. This protocol takes advantage of advancing CAD/CAM technology, provides an opportunity to evaluate final margins, and avoids recipient vessel dissection and microsurgery in previously operated or irradiated necks.

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Zhang, Liming, Lei Wang, Xu du, and Fanbo Meng. "CAD-Aided 3D Reconstruction of Intelligent Manufacturing Image Based on Time Series." Scientific Programming 2022 (March 11, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9022563.

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To improve the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction effect of intelligent manufacturing image and reduce the reconstruction time, a new CAD-aided 3D reconstruction of intelligent manufacturing image based on time series was proposed. Kinect sensor is used to collect depth image data and convert it into 3D point cloud coordinates. The collected point cloud data are divided into regions, and different point cloud denoising algorithms are used to filter and denoise the divided regions. With the help of CAD, FLANN matching algorithm is used to extract feature points of time-series images and complete image matching. Three-dimensional reconstruction of sparse point cloud and dense point cloud is carried out to complete 3D reconstruction of intelligent manufacturing images. The experimental results show that the image PSNR of this method is always above 52 dB, and the maximum reconstruction time is 4.9 s. The 3D reconstruction effect of intelligent manufacturing image is better, and it has higher practical application value.

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TONG, Gang, Maria SAVCHENKO, and Ichiro Hagiwara. "2307 Automatic Reconstruction of T-Spline Surfaces of Arbitrary Topological Type." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2010.23 (2010): 248–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2010.23.248.

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BERNARDINI, FAUSTO, CHANDRAJIT L. BAJAJ, JINDONG CHEN, and DANIEL R. SCHIKORE. "AUTOMATIC RECONSTRUCTION OF 3D CAD MODELS FROM DIGITAL SCANS." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 09, no. 04n05 (August 1999): 327–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218195999000236.

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We present an approach for the reconstruction and approximation of 3D CAD models from an unorganized collection of points. Applications include rapid reverse engineering of existing objects for use in a virtual prototyping environment, including computer aided design and manufacturing. Our reconstruction approach is flexible enough to permit interpolation of both smooth surfaces and sharp features, while placing few restrictions on the geometry or topology of the object. Our algorithm is based on alpha-shapes to compute an initial triangle mesh approximating the surface of the object. A mesh reduction technique is applied to the dense triangle mesh to build a simplified approximation, while retaining important topological and geometric characteristics of the model. The reduced mesh is interpolated with piecewise algebraic surface patches which approximate the original points. The process is fully automatic, and the reconstruction is guaranteed to be homeomorphic and error bounded with respect to the original model when certain sampling requirements are satisfied. The resulting model is suitable for typical CAD modeling and analysis applications.

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IGUCHI, Kazuaki, Masaki KITAGOH, and Ichiro HAGIWARA. "528 Reconstruction by Using Implicit Shape Representation for Reverse-Engineering." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2005.1 (2005): 25–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2005.1.0_25.

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Wilde, Frank, Carl-Peter Cornelius, and Alexander Schramm. "Computer-Assisted Mandibular Reconstruction using a Patient-Specific Reconstruction Plate Fabricated with Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Techniques." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 7, no. 2 (June 2014): 158–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1371356.

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We investigated the workflow of computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction that was performed with a patient-specific mandibular reconstruction plate fabricated with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques and a fibula flap. We assessed the feasibility of this technique from virtual planning to the completion of surgery. Computed tomography (CT) scans of a cadaveric skull and fibula were obtained for the virtual simulation of mandibular resection and reconstruction using ProPlan CMF software (Materialise®/DePuy Synthes®). The virtual model of the reconstructed mandible provided the basis for the computer-aided design of a patient-specific reconstruction plate that was milled from titanium using a five-axis milling machine and CAM techniques. CAD/CAM techniques were used for producing resection guides for mandibular resection and cutting guides for harvesting a fibula flap. Mandibular reconstruction was simulated in a cadaveric wet laboratory. No problems were encountered during the procedure. The plate was fixed accurately to the residual bone without difficulty. The fibula segments were attached to the plate rapidly and reliably. The fusion of preoperative and postoperative CT datasets demonstrated high reconstruction precision. Computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction with CAD/CAM-fabricated patient-specific reconstruction plates appears to be a promising approach for mandibular reconstruction. Clinical trials are required to determine whether these promising results can be translated into successful practice and what further developments are needed.

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Gennaro, Paolo, Flavia Cascino, Laura Viola Pignataro, and Guido Gabriele. "Deviation analysis in custom-made mandibular reconstruction: how to evaluate results." BMJ Case Reports 15, no. 7 (July 2022): e247847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-247847.

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The purpose of this case report is to present a deviation analysis made to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of virtual surgical planning—computer-aided design—computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology.These techniques were used to programme and perform both demolitive and reconstructive surgery in an 18-year-old man treated for a mandibular ameloblastoma. Total body CT scan and CT angiography were performed before the surgery. DICOM-format data were captured and a planning was performed using CAD/CAM technology. After the surgery, DICOM files of a postoperative CT scan were evaluated to assess the accuracy of the reconstruction. The deviation of the postoperative result from what was planned was indicated with different colours in a mandible mapper and changes in condylar and angular position between 0.5 mm and 2 mm were observed. A standardised method to evaluate accuracy or efficiency of CAD/CAM technology is still not available, nevertheless, since the patient has a good functional or aesthetic recover, the authors are satisfied with the results.

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Fisher, Mark, Miguel Medina, Branko Bojovic, Edward Ahn, and Amir H. Dorafshar. "Indications for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing in Congenital Craniofacial Reconstruction." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 9, no. 3 (September 2016): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1584391.

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The complex three-dimensional relationships in congenital craniofacial reconstruction uniquely lend themselves to the ability to accurately plan and model the result provided by computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM). The goal of this study was to illustrate indications where CAD/CAM would be helpful in the treatment of congenital craniofacial anomalies reconstruction and to discuss the application of this technology and its outcomes. A retrospective review was performed of all congenital craniofacial cases performed by the senior author between 2010 and 2014. Cases where CAD/CAM was used were identified, and illustrative cases to demonstrate the benefits of CAD/CAM were selected. Preoperative appearance, computerized plan, intraoperative course, and final outcome were analyzed. Preoperative planning enabled efficient execution of the operative plan with predictable results. Risk factors which made these patients good candidates for CAD/CAM were identified and compiled. Several indications, including multisuture and revisional craniosynostosis, facial bipartition, four-wall box osteotomy, reduction cranioplasty, and distraction osteogenesis could benefit most from this technology. We illustrate the use of CAD/CAM for these applications and describe the decision-making process both before and during surgery. We explore why we believe that CAD/CAM is indicated in these scenarios as well as the disadvantages and risks.

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Huang, Jianbing, and Chia-Hsiang Menq. "Automatic CAD Model Reconstruction from Multiple Point Clouds for Reverse Engineering." Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2002): 160–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1529210.

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In this paper, a systematic scheme is proposed and novel technologies are developed to automatically reconstruct a CAD model from a set of point clouds scanned from the boundary surface of an existing object. The proposed scheme is composed of three major steps. In the first step, multiple input point clouds are incrementally integrated into a watertight triangle mesh to recover the object shape. In the second step, mesh segmentation is applied to the triangle mesh to extract individual geometric feature surfaces. Finally, the manifold topology describing the connectivity information between different geometric surfaces is automatically extracted and the mathematical description of each geometric feature is computed. The computed topology and geometry information represented in ACIS modeling kernel form a CAD model that may be used for various downstream applications. Compared with prior work, the proposed approach has the unique advantage that the processes of recognizing geometric features and of reconstructing CAD models are fully automated. Integrated with state of the art scanning devices, the developed model reconstruction method can be used to support reverse engineering of high precision mechanical components. It has potential applications to many engineering problems with a major impact on rapid design and prototyping, shape analysis, and virtual reality.

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Park, Jung Min, Byung Chai Lee, Soo Won Chae, and Ki Youn Kwon. "Surface reconstruction from FE mesh model." Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 6, no. 2 (May 29, 2018): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcde.2018.05.004.

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Abstract In the computer aided engineering process with finite element analysis, a CAD surface model is sometimes needed for various tasks such as remeshing, shape optimization or design modification. Occasionally, engineers who perform an analysis at the product design stage are given only finite element mesh models; corresponding CAD models can be unavailable. This paper presents a method to extract free-form B-spline surfaces and certain feature curves from a surface mesh model. First, using the k-means clustering method, our process segments given meshes into a number of regions according to principal curvature information; then, region operations are performed. Next, each region is converted to an approximately free-form B-spline surface. In the last step, feature curves to create loft or sweep surfaces are calculated by minimizing the distance error. Some practical examples are also presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and usefulness of our method. Highlights We propose a new method of creating CAD surfaces from given finite element mesh model. Feature curves are extracted for creating sweep or loft surfaces. By using the generated surfaces based on the feature curves, the shape modification can be easily performed in the designing process.

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Wójcik, Artur, Magdalena Niemczewska-Wójcik, and Jerzy Sładek. "Assessment of Free-Form Surfaces’ Reconstruction Accuracy." Metrology and Measurement Systems 24, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mms-2017-0035.

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AbstractThe paper presents the problem of assessing the accuracy of reconstructing free-form surfaces in the CMM/CAD/CAM/CNC systems. The system structure comprises a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) PMM 12106 equipped with a contact scanning probe, a 3-axis Arrow 500 Vertical Machining Center, QUINDOS software and Catia software. For the purpose of surface digitalization, a radius correction algorithm was developed. The surface reconstructing errors for the presented system were assessed and analysed with respect to offset points. The accuracy assessment exhibit error values in the reconstruction of a free-form surface in a range of ± 0.02 mm, which, as it is shown by the analysis, result from a systematic error.

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Mahendru, Sanjay, Rahul Jain, Saurabh Garg, Hardeep Singh, Ankit Jain, Deepak Sarin, and Rakesh K. Khazanchi. "“Hybrid Reconstruction” for Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Defect Using CAD/CAM." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open 8, no. 9 (September 2020): e3140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000003140.

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LIU, Jin. "Adaptive approach for point cloud based CAD model reconstruction." Journal of Computer Applications 33, no. 9 (November 6, 2013): 2617–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1087.2013.02617.

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Hao, Long, Xiang Huang, and ShuangGao Li. "Surface reconstruction based on CAD model driven priori templates." Review of Scientific Instruments 90, no. 12 (December 1, 2019): 125116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5127224.

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Gaboutchian, A. V., V. A. Knyaz, S. V. Apresyan, M. S. Navrazhnykh, and S. V. Vasyliev. "SHADE AND TEXTURE MAPPING ON TEETH FOR PALAEOANTHROPOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTIONS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-2/W1-2021 (April 15, 2021): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-2-w1-2021-55-2021.

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Abstract. Over the past few years closer cooperation can be observed in various aspects of digital techniques in such disciplines as dentistry and anthropology. And in most cases that consists in imaging and image processing which results in obtaining 3D reconstructions. And indeed, they can significantly improve research and practice. Thus, depending on imaging technique and application, they can support CAD/CAM technology or precisely reconstruct morphology of invisible structures. However the currently presented study refers to technical aspects of shade and texture mapping, which is more aimed to obtain more realistic 3D reconstructions of palaeoanthropological material. Colour or shade matching has become an integral part of dental practice. It can be carried in a traditional manner though matching the tooth with conventional shade-guides, or, which is in line with the subjects of our study, by means of spectrophotometry. And the main procedures of shade detection have been performed by SpectroShade (MHT). Necessary attention has been paid to conditions influencing shade detection process with respect to the studied material teeth taken from the Bronze Age findings. Reconstructive techniques have traditionally been a scientific and practical part of palaeoanthropological research which is directed at appearance reconstruction. Though the leading part of this branch has been always aimed at analysis of skull morphology. In our time of rapidly developing digital techniques reconstructions have become to a large extent a matter of improvements of imaging and image processing techniques. Even though this doesnt directly refer to soft tissue reconstruction, it undoubtedly applies to dental reconstructions. And the current study presents improvements in reconstruction through combining imaging with shade and texture mapping on 3D models of teeth.

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Ge, Xiu Guang, Xue Ling Jiang, Li Hui Chen, and Jian Hong Liao. "Key Technology of the Denture CAD/CAM System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 637–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.637.

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The key technologies of denture CAD/CAM system were studied in this study. Key technologies include: model acquisition, data processing, surface reconstruction, creating CAD models, establish standards tooth databases, rapid prototyping and CNC machining. The results show that the actual dentures feasibility of CNC processing systems and the denture model is validated. This study lays solid foundation for the development of the low-cost, lightweight and fast denture CAD/CAM system.

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Niu, Xiaomei. "Interactive 3D reconstruction method of fuzzy static images in social media." Journal of Intelligent Systems 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 806–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2022-0049.

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Abstract Because the traditional social media fuzzy static image interactive three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction method has the problem of poor reconstruction completeness and long reconstruction time, the social media fuzzy static image interactive 3D reconstruction method is proposed. For preprocessing the fuzzy static image of social media, the Harris corner detection method is used to extract the feature points of the preprocessed fuzzy static image of social media. According to the extraction results, the parameter estimation algorithm of contrast divergence is used to learn the restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) network model, and the RBM network model is divided into input, output, and hidden layers. By combining the RBM-based joint dictionary learning method and a sparse representation model, an interactive 3D reconstruction of fuzzy static images in social media is achieved. Experimental results based on the CAD software show that the proposed method has a reconstruction completeness of above 95% and the reconstruction time is less than 15 s, improving the completeness and efficiency of the reconstruction, effectively reconstructing the fuzzy static images in social media, and increasing the sense of reality of social media images.

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Wilde, F., S. Aigeldinger, A. Sakkas, S. Pietzka, K. Winter, A. Schramm, and F. Mascha. "In-vitro study concerning reconstruction accuracy of mandibular reconstructions with CAD/CAM reconstruction plates and comparison with standard hand-bended plates." International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 48 (May 2019): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2019.03.464.

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Yu Haosong, 余浩松, 邹永宁 Zou Yongning, 张智斌 Zhang Zhibin, 姚功杰 Yao Gongjie, and 周日峰 Zhou Rifeng. "Image Reconstruction of Incomplete CT Scanning Using a CAD Model." Acta Optica Sinica 41, no. 6 (2021): 0611002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos202141.0611002.

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Lin, Yan-Ping, Cheng-Tao Wang, and Ke-Rong Dai. "Reverse engineering in CAD model reconstruction of customized artificial joint." Medical Engineering & Physics 27, no. 2 (March 2005): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2004.09.006.

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Funayama, Yusuke, Daisuke Hirano, and Takashi Maekawa. "3313 3D-CAD Model Reconstruction by Shape From Silhouette Method." Proceedings of Design & Systems Conference 2008.18 (2008): 569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmedsd.2008.18.569.

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Wilde, Frank, Henning Hanken, Florian Probst, Alexander Schramm, Max Heiland, and Carl-Peter Cornelius. "Multicenter study on the use of patient-specific CAD/CAM reconstruction plates for mandibular reconstruction." International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery 10, no. 12 (April 7, 2015): 2035–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11548-015-1193-2.

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Budzik, Grzegorz, Tomasz Dziubek, Bogdan Kozik, and Małgorzata Zaborniak. "Reconstruction of gears with the use of connected systems CMMs/CAD/RP." Mechanik, no. 12 (December 2015): 972/018–972/021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2015.12.549.

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Bey, A., R. Chaine, R. Marc, G. Thibault, and S. Akkouche. "RECONSTRUCTION OF CONSISTENT 3D CAD MODELS FROM POINT CLOUD DATA USING A PRIORI CAD MODELS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XXXVIII-5/W12 (September 5, 2012): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xxxviii-5-w12-289-2011.

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I.R.Aliyev, I. R. Aliyev. "DESIGNING A FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURİNG MODULE FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF A SECOND-HAND CAR." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 10, no. 06 (October 10, 2021): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/pahtei1006202134.

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Based on a comparative analysis of algorithms and models for the design of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) for the reconstruction and repair of second-hand cars, the purpose and main issues of the research article were determined. The proposed method provides for the development and reconstruction of vehicles that are physically and morally worn out and need to be maintained and redesigned. The aim of the article is to develop a flexible manufacturing module (FMM) for the automated reconstruction of various second-hand car models using an integrated computer-aided design and production system (CAD / CAM). The proposed solution prevents a large amount of the client's (car owner's) time and ensures that the work will be done within the assigned time frame. It also determines the cost at the initial stage, avoiding subsequent additional costs to the client. To implement the tasks at the initial stage, the layout scheme of the FMM was proposed and its mechatronic elements were selected. Based on CAD / CAM technology, the process of automating the design of innovative coatings and assembly of a second-hand car was carried out. Keywords: CAD / CAM technology, flexible manufacturing module, automation of design and assembly, second-hand car, reconstruction.

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Tang, Jie, Li Wen Wang, Tao Wang, and Hao Wang. "Research on the 3D Modeling of Aviation Gas Turbine Blades Base on Free Surface." Applied Mechanics and Materials 157-158 (February 2012): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.157-158.132.

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In the CAD software, we use the theory of free surface to model the blades of turbine, which makes it faster and effective to achieve surface CAD reconstruction and achieves the inverse modeling of turbine blades. All the works above provide physical model for the study of turbine blades repair technology.

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Xie, Jinghui, Xiaoning Li, Yan Zhang, Tingting Tang, Guoqiang Chen, Hongli Mao, Zhongwei Gu, and Jun Yang. "VE-cadherin-based matrix promoting the self-reconstruction of pro-vascularization microenvironments and endothelial differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 9, no. 15 (2021): 3357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tb00017a.

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Keinrath, P., L. Rettenbacher, G. Rendl, J. Holzmannhofer, M. Hammerer, J. Schuler, M. Beheshti, and C. Pirich. "99mTc tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in CAD." Nuklearmedizin 53, no. 03 (May 2014): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3413/nukmed-0617-13-08.

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Summary Aim: Early stress imaging (15 min after injection of the radiopharmaceutical) in 99mTc tetrofosmin myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) has been shown feasible in comparison to standard imaging after 45 minutes, but the effects on image quality and diagnostic accuracy ask for further evaluation. Patients, methods: 97 patients (61 men, 36 women, age 69 ± 11 years) underwent both early (EA) and standard (SA) acquisition (after 14 ± 4 min and 43 ± 6 min, respectively) using 99mTc tetrofosmin gated SPECT with iterative reconstruction. sub- diaphragmatic tracer activity and image quality was scored in a 4-point scale by blinded observers. Semiquantitative myo- cardial perfusion analysis was performed on a 17-segment model using standard cardiac quantification SPECT software (4 DM- SPECT). Stenoses of indeterminate haemody- namic significance were validated by measurement of fractional flow reserve (FFR). Results: Extra-cardiac tracer activity was more commonly found in EA (43%) than in SA (38%), but without any diagnostic impact in > 95% of the patients. The mean summed stress score was significantly higher for early than standard imaging (6.4 ± 6.3 vs.5.6 ± 6.1, p = 0.009). The amount of ischaemic area was not significantly different (EA: 9.1 ±6.7 % vs. SA: 7.8 ± 6.9 %). The mean stress ejection fraction was 52 ± 11% (EA) compared to 55 ± 11 % (SA) (p = ns). FFR was inversely related to SDS at early (r = -0.704, p < 0.05) and standard (r=-0.678, p < 0.05) acquisition. All patients with a FFR < 0.8 (considered as hemodynamically significant stenoses) revealed a positive scan. Conclusion: Stress 99mTc tetrofosmin MPS with early acquisition is feasible and at least equally accurate when iterative reconstruction is applied.

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Slyadnev, S. E., and V. E. Turlapov. "Toward the development of open source software for the reconstruction of CAD-models." Proceedings of the Institute for System Programming of the RAS 31, no. 1 (2019): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.15514/ispras-2018-31(1)-6.

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Slyadnev, S. E., and V. E. Turlapov. "Toward the development of open source software for the reconstruction of CAD-models." Proceedings of the Institute for System Programming of the RAS 31, no. 1 (2019): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.15514/ispras-2019-31(1)-6.

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Gong, Yun Qiu, and Yang Zhang. "A Method to Get Template for Ultrasonic Inspection." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 1566–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.1566.

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In order to avoid getting the CAD model of the workpiece repeatedly in ultrasonic inspection, we use a few measurement points on the workpiece and the template to match the position, and use coordinate transformation in CAD template to quickly generate CAD model of the workpiece under test in the scanning system. In this paper, several aspects such as kinematics modeling for mechanical arm, ultrasonic measurement, surface reconstruction and profiling measurement are studied to introduce the specific process of getting a detection template.

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