Journal articles on the topic 'Cables lines'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Cables lines.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Cables lines.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Korolchenko, Dmitry, Tatiana Eremina, and Leonid Tanklevsky. "Operation of cable lines under fire conditions." E3S Web of Conferences 221 (2020): 02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022102007.
Full textAbstract:
Branched cable communications are carriers of fire load, they are tracks along which fire spreads in buildings and structures. Therefore, currently, fire safety of cables is one of the most important tasks of the cable industry. The spread of flames in vertical bunch wiring depends on the following factors: the amount of combustible material that is exposed to high temperatures, geometric shapes of cables and their mutual location when laying, the ignition temperature of gases emitted by cables, the volume of combustible gases emitted by cables at a certain elevated temperature, the room capacity and volume of air passing through the cable structure, cable devices. Analysis of regulatory documents revealed some key differences in the methodology of standards. It was found that the spread of fire is not only affected by the volume of laid cables, but also by their mutual placement in space. A direct correlation was found between the influence of the crosssection of the cable core and preservation of the cable line in case of fire. Parameters were determined for the preservation of serviceability under fire exposure in the case of bunch and in the case of single wiring. It has been determined that it is impossible to spread the results of fire tests in case of single wiring in accordance with GOST IEC 60331-21-2011 and in case of bunch wiring in accordance with GOST IEC 60332-3-22-2011 to the results of tests in accordance with GOST R 53316-2009 for the preservation of operability of cable lines. The parameters of fire resistance and operability of cable products under the influence of flame depending on the type of cables and the method of their installation have been determined.
2
Korotkevich, M. A., and S. N. Azarov. "The Evaluation of Impact of Cable Power Lines on the Environment." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 62, no. 5 (October 4, 2019): 422–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2019-62-5-422-432.
Full textAbstract:
The thermal impact of cable power lines and structural materials of cables on the environment has been considered. A quantitative evaluation of the thermal impact of electrical cables with cross-linked polyethylene insulation on the environment was carried out using the Elcut program. Analysis of the temperature field near the loaded cable line of 10 kV demonstrated high values of soil temperature that negatively affects its redox potential and living organisms. To evaluate the environmental impact of electrical cable materials, an approach has been developed that takes into account not only the toxicity of the materials but also their volumetric content in the cable. Cable lines with cables with traditional paper-oil insulation cause more damage to the environment than cable lines with cables, insulated with crosslinked polyethylene. The environment, in turn, also has an impact on the electrical cables: the values of long-term permissible load currents depend on the ambient temperature (when laying cables in the open air, in an earthen trench or in cable rooms). The impact of solar radiation on the thermal conditions of the electric cable is estimated. A comparative analysis of the complex environmental impact of electric cables with traditional insulation and insulation of crosslinked polyethylene demonstrated that unarmored cable with crosslinked polyethylene insulation at a voltage of 10 kV (regardless of the type of its shell) causes less damage to the environment than the same traditional cable throughout the considered temperature range on their surfaces.
3
Tajima, K., and H. Masuda. "EXTRACTION OF ROAD-CROSSING POWER AND COMMUNICATION LINES FROM MOBILE MAPPING DATA." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences V-2-2020 (August 3, 2020): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-v-2-2020-297-2020.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. In residential areas, maintenance of power and communication lines is an important issue. In recent years, the frequency and power of typhoons and storms have significantly increased. If utility poles incline due to strong winds, slack cables may contact with large vehicles. For automatically detecting loose road-crossing cables in wide areas, the MMS is very promising. However, when roadcrossing cables are measured using the MMS, large portions of points on cables may be lost, because the directions of laser beams are nearly parallel to the directions of road-crossing cables, and therefore, the laser beams cross road-crossing cables only a small number of times. In this paper, we propose a new method for reconstructing cables crossing roads. In our method, road-crossing cables are reconstructed using both point clouds and camera images. While point clouds of road-crossing cables may be partly missing, their camera images can be captured with little occlusion. Missing portions are recovered using lines extracted from camera images. First, points of each cable are extracted from a point cloud, and the 3D vertical plane on which the cable exists are calculated. From camera images, 2D line segments are extracted as candidates of cable lines. 2D line segments are projected onto the 3D vertical plane using the pinhole camera model. Finally, 3D cable lines are reconstructed on the 3D vertical plane from the merged points. In our experiments, road-crossing cables could be sufficiently extracted using our method.
4
Korotkevich, M. A., S. I. Podgaiskiy, and A. V. Golomuzdov. "THE EFFICACY OF THE CABLES OF 6–110 KW WITH XLPE INSULATION. Part 2." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 60, no. 6 (November 23, 2017): 505–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2017-60-6-505-522.
Full textAbstract:
The assessment of the suitability of cables of 6–110 kW with XLPE insulation in comparison with cables of the same voltage but possessing paper-oil insulation has been fulfilled on the basis of the method of multi-objective optimization that makes it possible to account not only the quantitative characteristics (of reduced costs), but also qualitative ones. As an indicator of the reliability of the cable line the maximum mean time to failure (the value inversely proportional to the parameter of succession of failures), which is an order more for cable lines with XLPE insulation than for cable lines with paper insulation, is adopted. A comprehensive assessment of the convenience of installation of cable lines revealed that the installation of cable with XLPE insulation features a 1.2–1.6 times easier installation as compared to three-wire (voltage 10 kW) and 1.4 times easier installation as compared to single-core oil-filled cables (voltage of 110 kW). The efficacy of the cables 6–110 kW with XLPE insulation is proved on the basis on the method of multi-objective optimization, that took into account as the costs for the construction and operation of cable lines and the reliability of its operation, ease of its installation and other quality indicators. If the goals taken into account are considered as equally important, the polyethylene-insulated cables for a voltage of 10–110 kW is more efficient as compared to three-wire (voltage 10 kW) and solid (110 kW) cables with paper insulation. Herewith, the cost of the cable with XLPE insulation may exceed the cost of cable with paper insulation up to two times. If the most important aim is to provide the minimum reduced costs for the construction and operation of the cable line, the use of cables with XLPE insulation for voltage of 10 kW is most advisable in individual cases.
5
Barzegaran, Mohammadreza, and Osama A. Mohammed. "Multi-dipole modeling of XLPE cable for electromagnetic field studies in large power systems." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 33, no. 1/2 (December 20, 2013): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-11-2012-0360.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – In this paper, modeling of the XLPE cable for electromagnetic signature study at a far distance is proposed. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Due to the very small ratio of the dimensions of cables to the dimensions of the whole system, using actual geometry of the cables with all layers in this study causes deformation of the cable's model. Therefore, multi-dipole modeling is used for modeling the cables. Findings – This model includes specific voltages and currents in lines and nodes, respectively. Radiated electric and magnetic fields at a far distance are selected as the index of appropriateness of the model. Originality/value – In order to investigate the accuracy of the model, various configuration of the cable is studied. Additionally, coupling of the cable with an electrical machine is investigated. They all show that the equivalent models can be used in place of the actual model for signature studies.
6
Korotkevich, M. A., S. I. Podgaiskiy, and A. V. Golomuzdov. "THE EFFICACY OF THE CABLES OF 6–110 KV WITH XLPE INSULATION. Part 1." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 60, no. 5 (September 28, 2017): 417–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2017-60-5-417-432.
Full textAbstract:
The assessment of the suitability of cables of 6–110 kV with XLPE insulation in comparison with cables of the same voltage but possessing paper-oil insulation has been fulfilled on the basis of the criterion of reduced costs. Thus, the comparison was undertaken between cables of various design and material of insulation: three-core paper insulated ones vs. three-core XLPE insulated ones; three-core paper-insulated ones vs. solid wires with XLPE insulation; single-core oil-filled cables of 110 kV with paper insulation vs. solid wires of 110 kV with XLPE insulation. The increase in long-term permissible current loads for cables with XLPE insulation because of the larger permissible temperature of heating in comparison with cables with paper-oil insulation complies with as would increase in the cross-sectional area of cable cores (equal to 0.61 from the original) and therefore reduces the cost of the cable by reducing the cost of manufacture of conductors. The reduced costs of the construction and operation of cable lines with XLPE insulation (accounting the increase in the cost of a cable 1.2 and 2 times as compared with the cost of a cable with three-core insulation), despite the decline in the cost of manufacture of conductors and the reduced annual operating costs (9 % and 17 % respectively of cable lines of voltage of up to 35 kV and 110 kV), occurred to be more than the reduced costs of the construction and operation of cable lines with paper insulation. Currently the cost of one meter of cable with XLPE insulation is less than the cost of cables of AAB, CASB, AASv types of a voltage of 10 kV with aluminium cores, that ensures their undeniable efficacy.
7
Oleksyuk, I. V. "Aging of Cross-Linked Polyethylene Insulation Cable Lines." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 64, no. 2 (April 9, 2021): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2021-64-2-121-129.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Preference is given to cable lines with cross-linked polyethylene insulation in electrical networks with a nominal voltage of 10 kV during reconstruction of existing and construction of new industrial enterprises. The standard service life of such cables is at least 30 years (subject to the conditions of storage, transportation, installation and operation), and the actual one is determined by the technical condition of the cable. The service life of a cable line depends on the state of its insulation, the aging of which occurs under the influence of several factors. Conventionally, all factors influencing one or another degree on the cable insulation resource can be divided into thermal, electromagnetic, climatic, mechanical and operational. The most significant reason for the insulation aging is high temperature, which accelerates the reaction of thermo-oxidative destruction, during which high-molecular polymer compounds decompose. In fact, cables are operated at temperatures below the long-term permissible values, and, therefore, the aging of the insulation is slower, and the actual service life will be longer than the standard. At present, condition of the insulation is monitored with the use of high voltage tests related to destructive testing methods. When designing and operating cable lines, it is necessary to estimate the duration of the actual service life under various operating conditions. In theory, there are several expressions for calculating the service life of a cable line when exposed to temperature, humidity, electric field and aggressive environments, but all of them are not applicable in practice due to the presence of a large number of coefficients whose values are unknown. The paper presents an analytical expression obtained for determining the service life of power electric cables, taking into account the aging of the insulation under the influence of temperature and electric field.
8
Czapp, Stanislaw, Seweryn Szultka, and Adam Tomaszewski. "Design of Power Cable Lines Partially Exposed to Direct Solar Radiation—Special Aspects." Energies 13, no. 10 (May 22, 2020): 2650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102650.
Full textAbstract:
Power cable lines are usually buried in the ground. However, in some cases, their ending sections are mounted along the supports of overhead lines. This leads to a situation where the cables are exposed to direct solar radiation and, consequentially, overheat. The paper presents the advanced computer modelling of power cables’ heating, considering their insolation as well as the effect of wind. The temperature and current-carrying capacity of power cables—during exposure to direct solar radiation—are evaluated. An effective method of limiting the unfavourable impact of the sun is discussed. In the presence of solar radiation, the proposed method enables a significant increase in the power cables current-carrying capacity.
9
Agüero-Rubio, José, Javier López-Martínez, Marta Gómez-Galán, and Ángel-Jesús Callejón-Ferre. "A Didactic Procedure to Solve the Equation of Steady-Static Response in Suspended Cables." Mathematics 8, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 1468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8091468.
Full textAbstract:
Students in the electrical branch of the short-cycle tertiary education program acquire developmental and design skills for low voltage transmission power lines. Aerial power line design requires mathematical tools not covered well enough in the curricula. Designing suspension cables requires the use of a Taylor series and integral calculation to obtain the parabola’s arc length. Moreover, it requires iterative procedures, such as the Newton–Raphson method, to solve the third-order equation of the steady-static response. The aim of this work is to solve the steady-static response equation for suspended cables using simple calculation tools. For this purpose, the influence of the horizontal component of the cable tension on its curvature was decoupled from the cable’s self-weight, which was responsible for the tension’s vertical component. To this end, we analyzed the laying and operation of the suspended cables by defining three phases (i.e., stressing, lifting, and operation). The phenomena that occurred in each phase were analyzed, as was their manifestation in the cable model. Herein, we developed and validated the solution of the steady-static response equation in suspended cables using simple equations supported with intuitive graphics. The best results of the proposed calculation procedure were obtained in conditions of large temperature variations.
10
Tarko, Rafał, Jakub Gajdzica, Wiesław Nowak, and Waldemar Szpyra. "Study of the Lightning Overvoltage Protection Effectiveness of High Voltage Mixed Overhead Cable Power Lines." Energies 14, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 2329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082329.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, the effectiveness of lightning overvoltage protection of cables in high voltage overhead cable lines has been analyzed. Because of the high overvoltage level, the cables are protected by surge arresters and by metallic sheath earthing. However, in practice, quite a lot of cases of electricity-evoked damage to the cable outer sheaths are observed, proving that the effectiveness of the protection used is insufficient. As a result, the cables are exposed to environmental factors, especially moisture penetration, which contributes to cable degradation. To explain the causes of this situation, simulation studies were carried out to determine the relevant factors affecting the level of expected overvoltages. The circuit-field model of the overhead cable line in EMTP-ATP, COMSOL and MATLAB software was used for determining overvoltages on the main cable insulation and the outer protective sheath. The studies reveal that the efficiency of the cable insulation overvoltage protection is ensured regardless of the lightning strike location and the crest value of its current. However, the obtained results confirm that no matter the applied protection, the cable outer sheaths may be exposed to overvoltages with higher values than those of the main insulation. Although the analysis was performed for 110 kV lines, the conclusions are general and are also applicable to power lines with higher rated voltages.
11
Kazymov, Ivan Maksimovich, and Boris Sergeevich Kompaneets. "Method for assessing the state and residual life of the insulation based on analysis of the time of discharge of the capacity of electric cables." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1211, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1211/1/012010.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract As of today, the problem of the lack of non-destructive methods for assessing the state and determining the residual life of the insulation of electrical cables is relevant for cable lines in operation, and especially for lines that have exhausted their service life. The research presented in the framework of this article is aimed at creating a non-destructive technique for assessing the state and residual life of electrical cables insulation. The study was carried out using computer simulation methods and using the basic theoretical laws of physics and electrical engineering. A method for assessing the condition and residual life of electrical cable insulation has been developed, which is based on the analysis of the discharge time of the cable capacity. The applicability of the method is determined, instructions are given on its applicability and the analysis of the output data. The obtained results can be used by power grid companies and industrial enterprises to analyze the state of the insulation of electrical cables.
12
Bangia, Tarun, and Wahab Uddin. "Development of Low-Cost Cable Twister for 3.6 m Telescope at ARIES." Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation 09, no. 03 (September 2020): 2050012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251171720500129.
Full textAbstract:
In-house design and development of cost-effective cable twister was undertaken at ARIES for back-end instruments of 3.6[Formula: see text]m telescope at Devasthal site located in central Himalayan region of Uttarakhand state in India. Cable twister was designed to route the critical cables such as cryo/helium flexible lines, electrical cables, optical fiber cables and network cables, etc. of various back-end instruments on axial and side ports of 3.6[Formula: see text]m telescope. Designing a space constrained cable twister passing through only 350[Formula: see text]mm diameter central hole available in telescope pier was a challenging task. Design was analyzed with cables at different twister positions for telescope azimuth rotation from 0 to [Formula: see text]. Flexible design, easy routing of cables and quick detachable characteristic of cable twister make it convenient for routing cables of back-end instruments of 3.6[Formula: see text]m telescope. The twister was economically manufactured in-house at ARIES mechanical workshop, assembled, installed and tested with 3.6[Formula: see text]m telescope. Provision for changing of separator plates having different numbers and sizes of holes makes it versatile for the different types of cables in back-end instruments. This paper presents the economical design, analysis, manufacturing, assembly, installation and testing of cable twister with 3.6[Formula: see text]m telescope.
13
Madrakhimov, Daniyar Bakhtiyarovich, Vera Pavlovna Ivanova, and Victoria Vyacheslavovna Tsypkina. "Improving the reliability of cable lines operation in hot climates." E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601151.
Full textAbstract:
Reliability of cable lines in hot climate is determined by the climatic characteristics of cables and wires, which include: long-term and short-term heat resistance, cold resistance, moisture resistance, resistance to cyclic exposure to temperatures and solar radiation, ozone resistance, etc. This article considers the main impacts of environmental factors: high temperatures, solar radiation, which, as practice shows, lead to irreversible deterioration of the electrical and mechanical properties of cable products. The result of climatic impacts in the Central Asian region, in hot climate conditions, is the aging of both insulation and protective coverings, which leads to irreversible change in the mechanical and electrical properties of the used polymers due to the loss of elasticity of the extruded material and its subsequent cracking, turning into cracks. The assessment of the possibility of long-term operation of the used polymer was carried out according to the polyethylene oxidation period, which determines the time of natural preservation of various types of cables during the period of their operation. The research was carried out on samples of cables stored under a canopy in wooden boxes, protected from sunlight and precipitation, by measuring criterion parameters with strict compliance with the established norms. Thus, the proposed solution for increasing the reliability of cable lines consists of debugging the technological process of applying insulation and sheathing, in which the extrusion of the polymer mass is carried out by technique that minimizes the ingress of contamination. Review of the results showed that extrusion line improvement would provide possibility of increasing reliability in the operation of cable products under the impact of climatic factors of the Central Asian region due to the reduced aging of insulation.
14
Radkevich, V. N., V. V. Stalovich, and D. S. Alekhnovich. "Towards Determination of Inductive Resistances of Single-Core Cables with Voltage of up to 1 kV Insulated by Cross-Linked Polyethylene." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 61, no. 4 (July 20, 2018): 321–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2018-61-4-321-333.
Full textAbstract:
To calculate short-circuit currents, voltage losses and reactive power in electrical networks, information on inductive resistances of cable lines is required. In the technical literature there are no exact parameters of single-core cables with voltage of up to 1 kV insulated by crosslinked polyethylene. This results in inaccuracies in the calculations of modes of electrical networks. The article considers the issues of determining the inductance and inductive resistance of power lines up with voltage of up to 1 kV made of single-core cables and insulated by crosslinked polyethylene. The analysis of formulas for determining the inductance given in different literature sources was fulfilled, that demonstrated a significant difference in the numerical values of the obtained calculation results. The formula that provides more reliable calculations of the inductance of the cable lines was identified. The influence of the permissible increase in the thickness of the insulation and the sheath of a single-core cable with voltage of up to 1 kV covered with cross-linked polyethylene on the inductive resistance was determined. The inductance and inductive resistance of single-core cables were calculated when the cables were arranged along the vertices of an equilateral and right-angle triangle, as well as in one plane. It was shown that the specific inductances and inductive resistances are 1.7–1.8 times greater in the plane with the distance between adjacent cables equal to the outer diameter of the cable than in the location is close to the triangle. When the cross sections of conductive cores are large and installations are multi-ampere, there is a surface effect and proximity effect, due to which the magnetic field intensity inside the core and its inductance decrease. Inductivities and inductive resistances of singlecore cables with voltage up to 1 kV were determined taking into account the influence of the surface effect and the proximity effect. The calculations that we performed have shown that the nonconsideration of the above-mentioned effects leads to significant errors in the determination of inductive resistances. The influence of one-core cables of armor made of steel tapes on inductive resistances is considered. An illustrative example shows that the inductive resistance of an armored cable with a cross-section area of the current-conducting core equal to 800 mm2 is about twice as large as the unarmored one. The use of single-core cables in three-phase electrical networks, armored with steel straps, ought to be prohibited by regulatory documents, since such cables dramatically worsen the efficiency of power supply systems.
15
Timofeeva, M. V. "Enhanced analytical model of power transmission line icing." Safety and Reliability of Power Industry 11, no. 3 (October 21, 2018): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24223/1999-5555-2018-11-3-222-226.
Full textAbstract:
Accidents in power transmission lines under icing conditions, in particular, those of cables, cause a great economic damage in Russia. Because of the lack of the possibility to forecast and evaluate reliably the consequences of weather conditions contributing to icing of transmisison line cables, power grid services often have to go to the place of a potential accident relying on guesswork. This leads to considerable losses of time and material resources, while the average recovery time of a damaged high voltage power transmission line is 5–10 days.For the effective prediction and timely prevention of negative consequences of icing of on power line cables, an analytical model that describes the growth of ice on the surface of the electrical cable has been developed. The model is based on a widely applicable analytical model of [1], supplemented with dependence of the growth of ice sleeve on the angle between the wind direction and the cable, and on the electric field strength of the cable.The results obtained using the new analytical model and the [1], model have been compared and show that as the angle between the wind direction and the cable decreases, the intensity of the ice growth decreases significantly. At the same time, the strength of the electric field of the cable affects negligibly the trajectory of water droplets.A conclusion is drawn about insignificance of electrical field strength of the electric cable as a factor of growth of ice deposits. It is stated that the ice thickness value obtained using the developed model can be increased under specific weather conditions and design parameters of transmission lines. The obtained model can be improved by using other physical effects that affect icing of electric cables. Further, the model can be introduced in operation of energy companies to monitor the condition of power transmission lines and to carry out anti-icing activities.
16
Jalali, Mohammad Hadi, and Geoff Rideout. "Analytical and experimental investigation of cable–beam system dynamics." Journal of Vibration and Control 25, no. 19-20 (August 2019): 2678–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546319867171.
Full textAbstract:
Interactions between cables and structures affect the design and nondestructive testing of electricity transmission lines, guyed towers, and bridges. An analytical model for an electricity pole beam–cable system is presented, which can be extended to other applications. A cantilever beam is connected to two stranded cables. The cables are modeled as tensioned Euler–Bernoulli beams, considering the sag due to self-weight. The pole is also modeled as a cantilever Euler–Bernoulli beam and the equations of motion are derived using Hamilton’s principle. The model was validated with a reduced-scale system in the laboratory and a setup was designed to accurately measure the bending stiffness of the stranded cable under tension. It is concluded that the bending stiffness and sag of the cable have a significant effect on the dynamics of beam–cable structures. By adding the cable to the pole structure, some hybrid modes emerge in the eigenvalue solution of the system. Modes with antisymmetric cable motion are sag-independent and the modes with symmetric cable motion are dependent on the cable sag. The effect of sag on the natural frequencies is more significant when the bending stiffness of the cables is higher.
17
Tang, Shi. "Study on System Reliability of Large Tensile Structure Based on Failure of Main Cables." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 1477–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.1477.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, cable-membrane structure roof of a stadium was taken as a research case, a system reliability research method for large tensile structure was proposed. In the method, failure probabilities of main tensile cables were determined firstly, and main failure modes were obtained according to the relationship between the main tensile cables failure and the system failure, system reliability index would be gotten on the basis of main tensile cables failure probabilities and main failure modes accordingly. In analysis of the stadium, JC method was applied to analyze the reliability of main tensile cables, it was shown that, compared with other cables, the failure probability of lower ring cables and that of lower radial cables were higher, so the structure system failure mode caused by lower ring cables failure and that caused by lower radial cables failure were underlined, and enumeration method has been adopted to analyze the reliability of structure system. The system failure probability caused by the failure of lower ring cables was found relatively high, and the failure of lower ring cables would result in the failure of the structure system immediately, so special attention should be paid. Finally, design strategies have been put forward according to the results of reliability research, safety protection lines were added up by special design of tensile cable joints, and the reliability of the structure system has been improved.
18
Kyrylenko, O. V., A. A. Shcherba, and I. M. Kucheriava. "INTELLECTUAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR MONITORING OF TECHNICAL STATE OF UP-TO-DATE HIGH-VOLTAGE CABLE POWER LINES." Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika 2021, no. 6 (October 21, 2021): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/techned2021.06.029.
Full textAbstract:
The review concerning application of fiber-optic technologies in power industry, in particular, for monitoring of modern power cables with cross-linked polyethylene insulation and integrated fiber-optic module is carried out. The new intelligent tools for control of electrical, thermal and mechanical characteristics and partial discharges in power cable lines are presented. The current operational experience for the system of Smart Cable Guard in an emergency is described. The prospects to develop and use the intellectual technologies for monitoring of technical state of up-to-date high-voltage cable power lines and their operate reliability are grounded by analysis of new diagnostic methods controlling the level of partial discharges, temperature distribution and mechanical damage in polyethylene insulation and other elements of the high- and extra-high-voltage cables with integrated fiber-optic modules. References 51, figures 8.
19
Schetelig, B., J. Keghie, R. Kanyou Nana, L. O. Fichte, S. Potthast, and S. Dickmann. "Simplified modeling of EM field coupling to complex cable bundles." Advances in Radio Science 8 (October 1, 2010): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-8-211-2010.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. In this contribution, the procedure "Equivalent Cable Bundle Method" is used for the simplification of large cable bundles, and it is extended to the application on differential signal lines. The main focus is on the reduction of twisted-pair cables. Furthermore, the process presented here allows to take into account cables with wires that are situated quite close to each other. The procedure is based on a new approach to calculate the geometry of the simplified cable and uses the fact that the line parameters do not uniquely correspond to a certain geometry. For this reason, an optimization algorithm is applied.
20
Zaytsev, Evgeny. "Development of Calculation Methodology of Thermal Equivalent Circuit’s Parameters for Predicting Temperature of High Voltage Cable Lines 110 - 500 kV." Applied Mechanics and Materials 792 (September 2015): 272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.792.272.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is concerned with the development of techniques to the calculation of the thermal equivalent circuit parameters for the high-voltage cable line laid in the ground. The topology of the scheme was developed in author’s previous publication. This article discusses the parameters of the circuit which simulate the environment of the cable line. Calculation techniques of these parameters are described for cables laid in a plane and a trefoil pattern. The proposed scheme allows one to predict heating of cables on the day ahead in order to prevent thermal degradation of the insulation.
21
Cywiński, Artur, and Krzysztof Chwastek. "A Multiphysics Analysis of Coupled Electromagnetic-Thermal Phenomena in Cable Lines." Energies 14, no. 7 (April 5, 2021): 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14072008.
Full textAbstract:
The paper is focused on numerical modeling of multi-strand cable lines placed in free air. Modeling is carried out within the framework of the so-called multi-physics approach using commercial software. The paper describes in detail the steps undertaken to develop realistic, reliable numerical models of power engineering cables, taking into account their geometries and heat exchange conditions. The results might be of interest to the designers of multi-strand cable systems.
22
Chen, Kai, Yi Yue, and Yuejin Tang. "Research on Temperature Monitoring Method of Cable on 10 kV Railway Power Transmission Lines Based on Distributed Temperature Sensor." Energies 14, no. 12 (June 21, 2021): 3705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123705.
Full textAbstract:
Railway power transmission lines (RPTL) are power lines that provide nontraction power supply for railways, such as communications and signals along the railway. With the advancement of technology, power cables are being used more and more widely. Operational experience has shown that during the operation of power cables, abnormal heat is often caused by fault factors such as poor joint crimping and severe partial discharge caused by insulation defects, leading to cable burns in extreme cases. Distributed temperature sensors (DTS), a kind of spatial continuous temperature sensor using sensing optical fiber, can measure the temperature along the cable and are expected to realize on-line monitoring and positioning of cable heating faults. This paper first builds a finite element model of the cable under various faults to calculate the distribution characteristics of the temperature field of the faulty cable. Then the results are verified through experiments with the external sensing fiber and the artificially manufactured heating points of the cable. The conclusions show that it is feasible to use a distributed sensing fiber to monitor and locate the heating fault of power cable.
23
Croce, Pietro. "Tie Rod-Equivalent Non-Linear Constitutive Law for Uniformly Loaded Cables." Materials 14, no. 19 (September 23, 2021): 5502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14195502.
Full textAbstract:
Cables are typically used in engineering applications as tensile members. Relevant examples are the main cables of suspension bridges, the stays of cable-stayed bridges, the load-bearing and stabilizing cables of tensile structures, the anchor cables of floating mooring structures, the guy-ropes for ship masts, towers, and wind turbines, the copper cables of electrical power lines. Since cables are characterized by non-linear behavior, analysis of cable structures often requires advanced techniques, like non-linear FEM, able to consider geometric non-linearity. Nevertheless, a traditional simplified approach consists in replacing the cable with an equivalent tie rod, characterized by a suitable non-linear constitutive law. Currently used equivalent constitutive laws have been derived by Dischinger, Ernst and Irvine. Since the equivalence is restricted to taut cables, characterized by small sag to chord ratios, these traditional formulae are not appropriate for uniformly loaded sagging cables: the main cables of suspension bridges are a particularly emblematic case. Despite some recent attempts to find more refined solutions, the problem is still open, since closed form solutions of general validity are not available. In the paper, general analytical formulae of the non-linear constitutive law of the equivalent tie rod are proposed, distinguishing two relevant cases, according as the length of the cable can vary or not. The expressions, derived by applying the general form of the theorem of virtual work, can be applied independently on the material, on the sag to chord ratio, on the load intensity and on the stress level, so allowing the replacement of the whole cable with a single equivalent tie rod. The expressions are critically discussed referring to a wide parametric study also in comparison with the existing formulae, stressing the influence of the most relevant parameters.
24
Song, Wen Wu, Meng Tao Qin, and Dong Dong Wang. "Study on the Cable Crosstalk of Ship Cabin." Applied Mechanics and Materials 719-720 (January 2015): 652–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.719-720.652.
Full textAbstract:
The mechanism of cable crosstalk involving what and how does the factors affect the level of crosstalk is introduced in detail. A transmission line model for predicting crosstalk between power cable and the other wires nearby with common reference ground based on multiconductor transmission theory (MTL) is developed. Crosstalk among circuit configurations when the victim cables with load terminations are different types is analyzed and simulated. Models where the types of the victim lines are shielded coaxial cable, shielded twisted pair and unshielded twisted pair are simulated. It is found that the shielding can provide an attenuation of about 50dB than the unshielded cables. In addition, the condition of multi-cable coupling is simulated and some thoughts are brought out to inspire more detailed study. Finally, some measures are suggested to suppress the crosstalk between cables according to the two-type of coupling mechanism (inductive coupling and capacitive coupling).
25
Chen, Gin Shan, and Zhi Yuan Chen. "Mechanical Research with Development of Automatic Handshaking Signal Module for Cross Connecting Cabinet Remote Monitoring Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 540 (April 2014): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.540.403.
Full textAbstract:
Since the urgent demands for high-speed broadband Internet, facilities originally installed in a unit-central office end are moved to the places close to the users in order to enhance the broadband and overcome the high-frequency attenuation of copper cables, such as cross connecting cabinets (CCC) on streets, and the lines between a unit-central office and CCC are changed to optical fiber cables. Network transmission technology has currently become the generation of optical fiber. To actually promote fiber to the home, the value-added services of high-speed Internet access, VoIP, and multimedia service for users are currently the highlighted telecommunications technology and businesses. Nevertheless, copper cables have been used for a long period of time that it would be costly to completely replace copper cables. Gradually replacing old cables with new ones is considered as the optimal strategy. Without constructing optical fiber lines at different places or completely removing copper cables, Automatic Handshaking Signal Module (AHSM) for a CCC developed in this study is considered economical and simple. It could monitor the signal handshaking through remote control and make structural and functional changes of existing copper-cable cross connecting cabinets for the low-cost and high-efficiency seamless technology transfer.
26
Korotkevich, M. A., and N. V. Prokofieva. "Design of Large Connectors of Overhead Power Lines." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 61, no. 5 (October 4, 2018): 432–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2018-61-5-432-439.
Full textAbstract:
It is found that the voltage at the lowest points of the wire or cable sag and at the points of their suspension on the pillars in the same span, determined in accordance with the properties of a perfectly flexible filament (similar to which the wires and cables are located in the span), differ slightly, and taking the difference of the mentioned values into account is only of methodologycal importance. The article presents the results of the calculation of wire and cable sag of large spans of power transmission line of 500 m or more length using both the traditional theory of the catenary line and the theory of equal resistance, when the cross-sectional area of a wire or cable, proportional to their tension, is considered variable in the span length, which provides the same probability of breaking them at any point of the span. When calculating the wires and cables in normal and emergency conditions, the largest sags are determined, which take place either at a higher ambient temperature or at a load of the wire with ice. The wire must be mounted in such a way as to ensure the normalized permissible dimensions to crossed engineering structures, water barriers or land, that are determined depending on the nominal voltage of the line. It is noted that the values of the wire and cable sags determined using the theory of the catenary line for the transition spans are less (although slightly) as compared to the data obtained on the basis of the theory of the equal resistance circuit. This must be taken into account in the design process.
27
Tian, Li, Yanming Wang, Zhenhua Yi, and Hui Qian. "A Parametric Study of Nonlinear Seismic Response Analysis of Transmission Line Structures." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/271586.
Full textAbstract:
A parametric study of nonlinear seismic response analysis of transmission line structures subjected to earthquake loading is studied in this paper. The transmission lines are modeled by cable element which accounts for the nonlinearity of the cable based on a real project. Nonuniform ground motions are generated using a stochastic approach based on random vibration analysis. The effects of multicomponent ground motions, correlations among multicomponent ground motions, wave travel, coherency loss, and local site on the responses of the cables are investigated using nonlinear time history analysis method, respectively. The results show the multicomponent seismic excitations should be considered, but the correlations among multicomponent ground motions could be neglected. The wave passage effect has a significant influence on the responses of the cables. The change of the degree of coherency loss has little influence on the response of the cables, but the responses of the cables are affected significantly by the effect of coherency loss. The responses of the cables change little with the degree of the difference of site condition changing. The effect of multicomponent ground motions, wave passage, coherency loss, and local site should be considered for the seismic design of the transmission line structures.
28
Golovko, Sergey Vladimirovich, Julia Aleksandrovna Golovko, Maksim Almansurovich Nadeev, and Nikolay Gennadievich Romanenko. "Romanenko N. G. Increasing efficiency of ship cables defectation." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2021, no. 4 (November 30, 2021): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2021-4-98-106.
Full textAbstract:
The ship power supply system is a complex system that supplies electrical energy to various mechanisms and devices using wires and cables. The reliability of power supply largely depends on the technical condition of the cable lines. During operation, cable lines are regularly exposed to mechanical stress, both from external factors and from people. Some of the most common causes of cable damage are: aging insulation, overvoltage, thermal stress, boat vibration, and corrosion and moisture. Leaving the operating state of the cable line can lead to emergencies. A cable with damaged insulation can cause an electric arc with a metal object. If several phases of a cable with damaged insulation, then when they touch, a phase-to-phase short circuit occurs, as a result of which a large amount of heat is released, from which the cable insulation and other nearby combustible materials can ignite. There is considered the principle of operation of DIPCEL (a device for diagnosing ship cables) and shown its main disadvantages in determining the aging and moisture indicators of cable insulation. It is proposed to use the absorption coefficient for increasing the efficiency of measuring the ship’s cable insulation moisture. For insulating materials, in which the absorption current decreases rapidly, resistance measurements should be taken after 15 sec and 60 sec. The absorption coefficient is defined by measuring the ratio of a sixty-second insulation resistance to a fifteen-second resistance. If the value of the obtained coefficient is less than 1.25, then the insulation is unsatisfactory; if the value is within 1.25 - 1.6, than the insulation is normal, if more than 1.6 - the insulation is excellent
29
Al_Issa, Huthaifa A., Mohamed Qawaqzeh, Alaa Khasawneh, Roman Buinyi, Viacheslav Bezruchko, and Oleksandr Miroshnyk. "Correct Cross-Section of Cable Screen in a Medium Voltage Collector Network with Isolated Neutral of a Wind Power Plant." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 24, 2021): 3026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113026.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the selection of cables for power lines connecting wind turbine generators at the wind power plant. The screen cross-section of these cables should be selected considering the value of the screen current at double line-to-earth fault. To calculate this current, the dimensions of the cable should be known. However, these parameters are hidden and cannot be used during designing. Therefore, a highly simplified method is currently used in practice. It is shown that the errors from the highly simplified method are up to 33%. Authors propose a simplified method based on open data of cable manufacturers. The proposed method is compared with simulation results of a common model of cable power line and takes into account self and mutual inductances of the cores and screens. It is shown that the error of the proposed method is smaller than 4.0% for real cable power lines at wind power plants. However, for a long section of cable power line (2.5 km) the error of calculation might increase up to 6.3%. This allows us to use the proposed method for designing. In addition, the authors show how the results of the highly simplified method can be corrected to improve accuracy.
30
Rusan, Igor, and Yevhenii Korotkov. "Analytical review of developments and im-provements of the working body of the cable-layer at trenchless laying of cables." Gіrnichі, budіvelnі, dorozhnі ta melіorativnі mashini, no. 96 (December 31, 2020): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/gbdmm2020.96.0402.
Full textAbstract:
The article provides an analytical review of scientific developments to improve the process of cable laying in general and specifically the working body of the cable layer in the trenchless laying of cables in different geological conditions.
Using the patent documentation, the search and analysis of materials for the improvement of the working body of the cable layer and the main advantages of trenchless cable laying were carried out.
The task of trenchless laying is: laying of water supply networks, sewerage, gas pipeline; laying of power supply cables, telephone and fibre-optic cable communication and alarm lines; laying on the bottom of rivers and reservoirs; laying in mountainous areas; replacement of worn-out communications with new ones.
The article analyzes the improvement of the design of cable-laying with active earth-moving working bodies (ZRO), the principle of operation of which is based on the trenchless method, which has limited working speed and relative working speed, design complexity and low operational reliability.
31
Rudyk, Yu I., and V. M. Shunkin. "DETERMINATION OF THE QUANTITY OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL IN CABLE PRODUCTS IN THE PROCESS OF FIRE SAFETY TESTING." Fire Safety, no. 34 (July 19, 2019): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20786662.34.2019.13.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. In order to protect objects from dangerous manifestations of fire of cable products, electrical lines are designed and projected in accordance with the fire-protection requirements and the normative documents. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to analyze this problem in several areas concerning the situation with a systematic approach to the technical regulation in Ukraine of such a sector of fire safety as the requirements for cable-wiring lines. Methods. Methods of research: calculations using a mathematical model; comparison of the results of the calculation, forecasting of the boundary parameters of the technical condition and monitoring of the cable material properties; examination, qualification, definition of indicators of fire safety of cables and wires in the composition of the electrical grids of buildings, structures, foundations and metal structures, taking into account laying conditions. Different methods for volume and mass calculating, fire tests of electrical and fiber optic cables were applicated. Tests of vertically arranged wires or cables laid in beams on the vertical propagation of the flame (Category A F / R, Category A, Category B) were conducted. Results. The experimental study of the installation parameters test and indicators of fire safety for cable-wiring products in their vertical laying that reduce the overall fire safety level of facility electric power operation were conducted. Critical analysis of the current state of development was done. The basis of the fire safety requirements for standardization of cable lines were formulated. The measures for testing methods implementation with description of these methods were proposed. Conclusion. Determination of the combustible material quantity by volume and by mass is not regulated in the current normative documents on fire safety, although this criterion is often used precisely when establishing requirements for fire safety: to buildings, cable installations, to the installation of fire automatics systems and to others. A method for calculating the volume of combustible material for determining the fire risk of cable-conductive products is proposed. The method can be used during designing of wiring lines and during their exploitation. Experimental researches of fire hazard indicators of cable-wiring products were conducted; their group of flame distribution was installed. The method of determining the quantity of combustible material by volume, by mass and with testing of mass loss of combustible material was applied.
32
Sun, Dong Mei, and Jun Wen. "Researches on Reactive Compensation for Long-Distance and Highcapacity Hybrid Submarine Cable Lines." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 2406–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.2406.
Full textAbstract:
In order to balance reactive power, reduce line losses, prevent excessive power frequency and switching over-voltage and adjust and control the line voltage etc. The long-distance and high voltage transmission lines are needed reactive power compensation. High voltage overhead transmission lines and high voltage submarine cable (including mixed-submarine) transmission lines are different, for example, the capacitance in the submarine cable lines is larger than in the conventional overhead lines. Therefore, the reactive power compensation on the EHV transmission lines which contains submarine cable lines is focus on the compensation of submarine cable lines. The reactive power compensation in 500 kV AC submarine cable interconnection project for Hainan power grid and Guangdong power grid[1], which is the first 500 kV long-distance and high-capacity sea trails interconnection project in China and which is just completed soon, is researched by Electro-Magnetic Transient Program——PSCAD/EMTDC (Power System Computer Aided Design/ Electro Magnetic Transient in DC System in this paper). The simulation results verifies that the role of shunt reactor which could absorb charging power and suppress the power frequency overvoltage for the long-distance and high-capacity hybrid submarine cable lines. The conclusions can offer references to suppress power frequency overvoltage and the reactive power compensation in extra high voltage transmission lines which is the mixed mode of overhead transmission lines and submarine cables.
33
-Bonicel, J. P. "Aerial optical cables along electrical power lines." Revue de l'Electricité et de l'Electronique -, no. 03 (1998): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3845/ree.1998.030.
Full text
34
Milardovich, N. J., L. Prevosto, and M. A. Lara. "Calculation of harmonic losses and ampacity in low-voltage power cables when used for feeding large LED lighting loads." Advanced Electromagnetics 3, no. 1 (October 23, 2014): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v3i1.258.
Full textAbstract:
A numerical investigation on the harmonic disturbances in low-voltage cables feeding large LED loads is reported. A frequency domain analysis on several commercially-available LEDs was performed to investigate the signature of the harmonic current injected into the power system. Four-core cables and four single-core cable arrangements (three phases and neutral) of small, medium, and large conductor cross sections, with the neutral conductor cross section approximately equal to the half of the phase conductors, were examined. The cables were modelled by using electromagnetic finite-element analysis software. High harmonic power losses (up to 2.5 times the value corresponding to an undistorted current of the same rms value of the first harmonic of the LED current) were found. A generalized ampacity model was employed for re-rating the cables. It was found that the cross section of the neutral conductor plays an important role in the derating of the cable ampacity due to the presence of a high-level of triplen harmonics in the distorted current. The ampacity of the cables should be derated by about 40 %, almost independent of the conductor cross sections. The calculation have shown that an incoming widespread use of LED lamps in lighting could create significant additional harmonic losses in the supplying low-voltage lines, and thus more severely harmonic emission limits should be defined for LED lamps.
35
McComber, Pierre, Jacques Druez, and Béatrice Félin. "Cable rime accretion measurements on a Laurentian mountain." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 17, no. 6 (December 1, 1990): 1022–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l90-113.
Full textAbstract:
Rime is an important cause of damage to structures in northern Quebec, Canada, and a major concern about the reliability of power transmission lines. An atmospheric icing test line was set up at Mt. Valin (altitude 902 m), near Chicoutimi, to measure icing rates on stranded cables. Two cables, the first one 96.5 m (316.5 ft) in span and the second one 32.6 m (106.9 ft), were used to investigate transmission line icing by comparing icing, for a complete winter, on two stranded cables, 35 mm (1.38 in.) in diameter for the first cable and 8 mm (0.315 in.) for the second. Measurements taken during the 1986–1987 winter season are analyzed. Ice accretion and shedding are correlated with ice detector alarms and wind velocity respectively. The icing intensity, considered to be proportional to the number of icing alarms per unit time, is strongly correlated with the cable icing rate. A significant correlation is also verified between the wind velocity and the ice shedding. Results of this investigation indicate that wind velocity and icing detector alarm rate are important variables to predict total ice mass on cables exposed to winter in-cloud icing. With more similar data, the implementation of an empirical icing model to estimate cable icing in mountain ranges will become possible. Key words: transmission line icing, rime accretion, ice shedding.
36
Li, Weilin, Wenjie Liu, Xiaobin Zhang, Zhaohui Gao, Meng Xie, and Hongxia Wang. "Study on Impedance Characteristics of Aircraft Cables." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7430293.
Full textAbstract:
Voltage decrease and power loss in distribution lines of aircraft electric power system are harmful to the normal operation of electrical equipment and may even threaten the safety of aircraft. This study investigates how the gap distance (the distance between aircraft cables and aircraft skin) and voltage frequency (variable frequency power supply will be adopted for next generation aircraft) will affect the impedance of aircraft cables. To be more precise, the forming mechanism of cable resistance and inductance is illustrated in detail and their changing trends with frequency and gap distance are analyzed with the help of electromagnetic theoretical analysis. An aircraft cable simulation model is built with Maxwell 2D and the simulation results are consistent with the conclusions drawn from the theoretical analysis. The changing trends of the four core parameters of interest are analyzed: resistance, inductance, reactance, and impedance. The research results can be used as reference for the applications in Variable Speed Variable Frequency (VSVF) aircraft electric power system.
37
Wu, Fu Hai Frank, Jen Hao Hsueh, and Jyh Shing Roger Jang. "Multi-Colored LED Control System Implemented in Programmable SoC with Subset of DMX512 Specification." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 2880–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.2880.
Full textAbstract:
The Light Emitting Diode (LED) is a highly efficiency light source, normally controlled by pulse width modulation (PWM) with intelligent environment condition sensing. While the connection between the control center and LED devices could be wireless or cable-connected, the power lines always have cables, and the signaling cable could be bundled with the power cables. Given a large number of fixed devices and a medium distance between devices, DMX512 physical signaling could serve as an appropriate good protocol for the control system. This paper proposes a method to implement a multi-color (RGB) LED programmable control system on chip for increased flexibility and scalability. The implementation comprises a command set architecture customized for RGB-color LEDs, composed of setup, action and query commands, and includes a special visible method to indicate device ID.
38
Kim, Heonkook, Hyeyun Jeong, Hojin Lee, and Sang Woo Kim. "Online and Offline Diagnosis of Motor Power Cables Based on 1D CNN and Periodic Burst Signal Injection." Sensors 21, no. 17 (September 3, 2021): 5936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21175936.
Full textAbstract:
We introduce a new approach for online and offline soft fault diagnosis in motor power cables, utilizing periodic burst injection and nonintrusive capacitive coupling. We focus on diagnosing soft faults because local cable modifications or soft faults that occur without any indication while the cable is still operational can eventually develop into hard faults; furthermore, advance diagnosis of soft faults is more beneficial than the later diagnosis of hard faults, with respect to preventing catastrophic production stoppages. Both online and offline diagnoses with on-site diagnostic ability are needed because the equipment in the automated lines operates for 24 h per day, except during scheduled maintenance. A 1D CNN model was utilized to learn high-level features. The advantages of the proposed method are that (1) it is suitable for wiring harness cables in automated factories, where the installed cables are extremely short; (2) it can be simply and identically applied for both online and offline diagnoses and to a variety of cable types; and (3) the diagnosis model can be directly established from the raw signal, without manual feature extraction and prior domain knowledge. Experiments conducted with various fault scenarios demonstrate that this method can be applied to practical cable faults.
39
Rozegnał, Bartosz, Paweł Albrechtowicz, Dominik Mamcarz, Monika Rerak, and Maciej Skaza. "The Power Losses in Cable Lines Supplying Nonlinear Loads." Energies 14, no. 5 (March 3, 2021): 1374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14051374.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents the skin effect impact on the active power losses in the sheathless single-core cables/wires supplying nonlinear loads. There are significant conductor losses when the current has a distorted waveform (e.g., the current supplying diode rectifiers). The authors present a new method for active power loss calculation. The obtained results have been compared to the IEC-60287-1-1:2006 + A1:2014 standard method and the method based on the Bessel function. For all methods, the active power loss results were convergent for small-cable cross-section areas. The proposed method gives smaller power loss values for these cable sizes than the IEC and Bessel function methods. For cable cross-section areas greater than 185 mm2, the obtained results were better than those for the other methods. There were also analyses of extra power losses for distorted currents compared to an ideal 50 Hz sine wave for all methods. The new method is based on the current penetration depth factor calculated for every considered current harmonics, which allows us to calculate the precise equivalent resistance for any cable size. This research is part of our work on a cable thermal analysis method that has been developed.
40
Zaytsev, Evgeny, and Vladimir Lebedev. "Development of the Thermal Equivalent Circuit for Evaluating the Capacity of High Voltage Cables in Real Time." Applied Mechanics and Materials 698 (December 2014): 586–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.698.586.
Full textAbstract:
The authors of this paper justify the construction of the thermal equivalent circuit for a three-phase high voltage cable line that describes the transient thermal processes in the cross section of the line. According to the authors, the proposed scheme, if taken as a basis, allows to solve the task of evaluating the power capacity of high-voltage cable lines in real-time and predict heating of cables with the aim to prevent thermal degradation of the insulation.
41
Bezruchko, V. M., R. O. Buinyi, V. V. Zorin, and A. O. Kvytsynskyi. "ECONOMICALLY JUSTIFIED CURRENT DENSITY FOR 10-35 kV CABLES, WHICH CONNECT POWERFUL WIND GENERATORS." Praci elektrodinamiki Nacionalanoi akademii nauk Ukraini Institutu 2020, no. 57 (December 2, 2020): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/publishing2020.57.005.
Full textAbstract:
At a wind power station, 10-35 kV cable transmission lines are used to connect powerful 1.5-5.5 MW wind turbines. Due to the high cost of “green” electricity, losses in the cable lines of a power station can be too expensive. Therefore, during the design process, it is necessary to choose such a cross-section of cable cores that will ensure the minimum costs to the investor for the entire operation of the wind power station. An analytical dependence is obtained, which makes it possible to calculate an economically justified current density for the cores of such cables for 10, 20, and 35 kV for any electric energy tariff and the duration of the maximum generation of the power station. The economically justified current density for the cables of the electric network of the wind power station is calculated for the current “green” tariff and the tariff that will be introduced in Ukraine from 01.01.2025, with different durations of maximum generation throughout the year. It was established that the cross-sections of cable cores that are selected according to the requirements of current regulatory documents will be 2-3 times smaller than those selected for the obtained value of economically justified current density. The economic current density values given in the article make it possible to choose rational cross-sections cable core during the design of networks of the wind power station. References 4, figures 2. table 1.
42
Grzechca, Damian, Dariusz Zieliński, and Wojciech Filipowski. "What Is the Effect of Outer Jacket Degradation on the Communication Parameters? A Case Study of the Twisted Pair Cable Applied in the Railway Industry." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 12, 2021): 972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14040972.
Full textAbstract:
Among the variety of problems encountered in transmission lines, the outer jacket degradation-derived faults of communication cables in railway applications have a significant impact on the transmission line parameters, especially if the cables are exposed to extremely varying environmental conditions, such as temperature deviation and humidity changes. In this paper, an advanced model of a twisted pair communication cable is proposed, together with approximated degradation functions for distributed parameters of the model, such as the shielding inductance, resistance, and capacitance per meter of cable length. This allows for gathering the distributed parameters for the proposed model under specific environmental conditions. The degradation functions for the parameters have been identified and compared with simulation results, including the communication speed and frequency band, and it has been confirmed that the transmission reliability depends on the cable condition. The authors discuss the influence of outer jacket degradation on signal behavior in terms of time and frequency domains that should be considered while developing new signaling devices for railway transportation.
43
Grunvalds, R., A. Ciekurs, J. Porins, and A. Supe. "Evaluation of Fibre Lifetime in Optical Ground Wire Transmission Lines." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 54, no. 3 (June 27, 2017): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lpts-2017-0019.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In the research, measurements of polarisation mode dispersion of two OPGWs (optical ground wire transmission lines), in total four fibres, have been carried out, and the expected lifetime of the infrastructure has been assessed on the basis of these measurements. The cables under consideration were installed in 1995 and 2011, respectively. Measurements have shown that polarisation mode dispersion values for cable installed in 1995 are four times higher than that for cable installed in 2011, which could mainly be explained by technological differences in fibre production and lower fibre polarisation mode dispersion requirements in 1995 due to lack of high-speed (over 10 Gbit/s) optical transmission systems. The calculation methodology of non-refusal work and refusal probabilities, using the measured polarisation mode dispersion parameters, is proposed in the paper. Based on reliability calculations, the expected lifetime is then predicted, showing that all measured fibres most likely will be operational within minimum theoretical service life of 25 years accepted by the industry.
44
Lv, Fuzai, Pengfei Zhang, Zhifeng Tang, Yonggang Yue, and Keji Yang. "A Guided Wave Transducer with Sprayed Magnetostrictive Powder Coating for Monitoring of Aluminum Conductor Steel-Reinforced Cables." Sensors 19, no. 7 (March 30, 2019): 1550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071550.
Full textAbstract:
Aluminum conductor steel-reinforced (ACSR) cables are typically used in overhead transmission lines, requiring stringent non-destructive testing owing to the severe conditions they face. Ultrasonic guided wave inspection provides promising online monitoring of the wire breakage of cables with the advantages of high sensitivity, long-range inspection, and full cross-sectional coverage. It is a very popular method to generate and receive guided waves using magnetostrictive and piezoelectric transducers. However, uniformly coupling the acoustic energy excited by transducers into multi-wire structures is always a challenge in the field application of guided waves. Long-term field application of piezoelectric transducers is limited due to the small coupling surface area, localized excitation, and couplant required. Conventional magnetostrictive transducers for steel strand inspection are based on the magnetostrictive effect of the material itself. Two factors affect the transducing performance of the transducers on ACSR cables. On one hand, there is a non-magnetostrictive effect in aluminum wires. On the other hand, the magnetostriction of the innermost steel wires is too weak to generate guided waves. The bias magnetic field is attenuated by the outer layers of aluminum wires. In this paper, an alternative sprayed magnetostrictive powder coating (SMPC) transducer was developed for guided wave generation and detection in ACSR cables. The Fe83Ga17 alloy powder with large magnetostriction was sprayed uniformly on the surfaces of certain sections of the outermost aluminum wires where the transducer would be installed. Experimental investigations were carried out to generate and receive the most commonly used L(0,1) guided waves for wire breakage detection at frequencies of 50 and 100 kHz. The results demonstrate that the discernable reflected waves of the cable end and an artificial defect of three-wire breakage (5.5% reduction in the cable’s cross-sectional area) were received by the transducer with SMPC, which was impossible for the transducer without SMPC. This method makes long-term and online monitoring of ACSR cables feasible due to the high coupling efficiency and good structural surface adaptability.
45
Takeda, H., H. Ayakawa, M. Tsumenaga, and M. Sanpei. "New protection method for HVDC lines including cables." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 10, no. 4 (1995): 2035–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/61.473346.
Full text
46
Lessa, Tarcisio Silva, Daniel Souto Lopes, Paulo Sérgio Fonseca Antunes, Sergio M. D. Rocha Filho, Marcio Zamboti Fortes, Vitor Hugo Ferreira, and Guilherme Gonçalves Sotelo. "Evaluation of Carbon Fiber Cables in Transmission Lines." Electric Power Components and Systems 46, no. 5 (March 16, 2018): 544–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15325008.2018.1455246.
Full text
47
Prayetno, Eko, and Hilmiyati Ulinnuha. "Pemanfaatan Citra Side Scan Sonar untuk Identifikasi Objek Bawah Laut." JGISE: Journal of Geospatial Information Science and Engineering 3, no. 1 (June 24, 2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jgise.55158.
Full textAbstract:
Lamong Bay waters are part of the Port of Tanjung Perak Surabaya. This port is included in one of the busiest ports in Indonesia. Therefore, a study is needed on the condition of the bottom waters and underwater infrastructure buildings to provide information on the safety of the shipping lanes and the landing of the lego anchor on the position of the underwater infrastructure. This study involves exploration activities such as the detection and sweeping of objects at the bottom of the sea and taking sediment samples using side scan sonar instruments and van veen grab sampler. This activity aims to identify the condition of objects of sea cables and pipelines in the waters of the Lamong Bay waters, evaluating the rules of immersion of submarine cables and pipelines in accordance with the Minister of Transportation Regulation No. PM 129 of 2016. The results of this activity will be in the form of a map of sea cables and sea pipes which will be attached to the Lamong Bay Field Painting Sheet. The submarine cable target recorded is in Line A with the cable target detected 2 (two) cable lines. Whereas the sea pipe is located at Lane B. The results of the inspection are to be placed on the Indonesian Sea Map No. 84 to determine the position of sea cables and pipelines. Each of the submarine cable and pipelines target was analyzed by Minister of Transportation Regulation No. PM 129 of 2016 concerning the regulation of immersion of underwater buildings. The results of the submarine cable and pipelines analysis have met the installation standards even though they are at a shallow depth. This suitability is seen based on dictum 2 (two) rules of burial that burials do not apply to the position of the underwater buildings crossing each other.
48
Carvalho, Hermes, José Correia, Abílio de Jesus, and Rui Calçada. "Aerodynamic damping in cables of overhead transmission lines subjected to wind loads." Wind Engineering 42, no. 4 (July 11, 2018): 268–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309524x18777312.
Full textAbstract:
Traditionally, the analysis of cables under the influence of wind is performed using an equivalent static analysis. However, the occurrence of countless accidents in structural systems where cables are involved, even in cases where the project speed limit has not been reached, indicates that the collapse may have been caused by dynamic actions or by underestimated values of wind speed. The aim of this article is to introduce a dynamic analysis methodology for cables under the influence of wind and its forces. The validation procedure proposed is performed through a comparison among the results obtained, results from other researches, and wind tunnel experimental results. In parallel, comparison of the results is obtained in both static and dynamic analysis.
49
Yang, Weisong, Weixiao Xu, Xun Guo, and Liguo Yang. "Musical Tone Law Method for the Structural Damage Detection." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8560596.
Full textAbstract:
Damage detection tests of inclined cables, steel pipes, spherical shells, and an actual cable-stayed bridge were conducted based on the proposed musical tone law method. The results show that the musical tone law method could be used in the damage detection of isotropic material structures with simple shape, like cables, pipes, plates, and shells. Having distinct spectral lines like a comb with a certain interval distribution rule is the main characteristic of the music tone law. Damage detection baseline could be established by quantizing the fitting relationship between modal orders and the corresponding frequency values. The main advantage of this method is that it could be used in the structural damage detection without vibration information of an intact structure as a reference.
50
Czapp, Stanislaw, and Krzysztof Dobrzynski. "Safety Issues Referred to Induced Sheath Voltages in High-Voltage Power Cables—Case Study." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (September 25, 2020): 6706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196706.
Full textAbstract:
Load currents and short-circuit currents in high-voltage power cable lines are sources of the induced voltages in the power cables’ concentric metallic sheaths. When power cables operate with single-point bonding, which is the simplest bonding arrangement, these induced voltages may introduce an electric shock hazard or may lead to damage of the cables’ outer non-metallic sheaths at the unearthed end of the power cable line. To avoid these aforementioned hazards, both-ends bonding of metallic sheaths is implemented but, unfortunately, it leads to increased power losses in the power cable line, due to the currents circulating through the sheaths. A remedy for the circulating currents is cross bonding—the most advanced bonding solution. Each solution has advantages and disadvantages. In practice, the decision referred to its selection should be preceded by a wide analysis. This paper presents a case study of the induced sheath voltages in a specific 110 kV power cable line. This power cable line is a specific one, due to the relatively low level of transferred power, much lower than the one resulting from the current-carrying capacity of the cables. In such a line, the induced voltages in normal operating conditions are on a very low level. Thus, no electric shock hazard exists and for this reason, the simplest arrangement—single-point bonding—was initially recommended at the project stage. However, a more advanced computer-based investigation has shown that in the case of the short-circuit conditions, induced voltages for this arrangement are at an unacceptably high level and risk of the outer non-metallic sheaths damage occurs. Moreover, the induced voltages during short circuits are unacceptable in some sections of the cable line even for both-ends bonding and cross bonding. The computer simulations enable to propose a simple practical solution for limiting these voltages. Recommended configurations of this power cable line—from the point of view of the induced sheath voltages and power losses—are indicated.