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1
Warren, Stan, and n/a. "Principal facilitator behaviour in curriculum implementation." University of Canberra. Education, 1991. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061109.175407.
Full textAbstract:
In the past ten years the emergence of studies in the area of
effective schools has focused a good deal of attention on the
role adopted by principals in the process of change. Few can
deny the importance of this role in the development and
implementation of new/changing curriculum statements. This
is especially noticeable in schools that are part of a large
'centralised' system.
This study is concerned with the role adopted by four
principals in schools in Wollongong N.S.W. where a new
syllabus in Writing K-6 was being implemented. It examined
the implementation activities used and then focused
specifically on the role adopted by the principal in that
process.1
To enable the success or otherwise of the implementation
activities to be identified, the C-BAM techniques developed by
Hall, Hord et al were modified and used. The role adopted by
each of the four principals was then considered in an effort to
identify the contribution it made to the implementation
activities.
The findings suggest that the principal does play a significant
role in Curriculum Implementation and that he/she needs
additional skills and understandings to enable the process used
to be successful. It is recommended that the C-BAM techniques
would be one useful tool that principals could use.
2
Reed, Brian, and n/a. "A survey of regular teachers' concerns towards the integration of disabled children in state primary schools, Bendigo region, Victoria." University of Canberra. Education, 1990. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061107.100059.
Full textAbstract:
The integration of disabled children into regular schools is
a current educational and social issue causing widespread
interest, concern and debate throughout Australia. The most
controversial and innovative adoption of integration policy
has occurred in Victoria since the release of the Collins
Report in 1984.
The present study was conducted in 26 State primary schools
in the Bendigo area of the Loddon Campaspe Mallee region of
Victoria where disabled children had been integrated in
regular classrooms with the assistance of a paid teacher
aide during 1988.
The purpose of the study was to survey the concerns of those
teachers into whose classes children with disabilities had
been integrated.
The Stages of Concern (SoC) dimension of the Concerns-Based Adoption Model (C-BAM) was chosen as the research
methodology. C-BAM was developed at the Research and
Development Center for Teacher Education, University of
Texas at Austin, and for the purpose of this study, the
methodology consisted of a questionnaire of 35 standardized
items (the Stages of Concern Questionnaire), and a School
Survey.
The study set out to identify the concerns of teachers
(ii)
toward integration, and to establish reasons why teachers
are at particular stages of concern. Factors included
teachers' age, gender, number of years of teaching
experience, qualifications and in-service training. Other
issues related to the disabled children themselves, the
school, and factors such as availability of resources,
funding levels, and access to support systems.
This study developed from the policy document Integration in
Victorian Education (the Collins Report, 1984). Since then,
the Ministry of Education has published two additional
booklets (in January and February, 1987), which partly
address some of the issues included in this thesis. These
include resourcing, in-servicing and the legal implications
of the innovation.
The analysis of the data points to major shortcomings which
will jeopardize the implementation process and the likely
success of the innovation. A number of recommendations have
been suggested, with particular reference to the pre-service
and in-service training of teachers, and issues relating to
funding and resources.
The findings have implications for all classroom teachers,
as potentially all are required to accept disabled children
into their classes. The results and recommendations also
have relevance for the Ministry of Education, whose
responsibility it is to ensure that the integration of
disabled children into regular classes is fully supported at
a government level, and for training institutions, whose
task it is to provide appropriate pre-service and in-service
programs for present and future classroom teachers.
3
Rigg, Suzanne. "Scots in the Hudson's Bay Company, c.1779 - c.1821." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU511840.
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This dissertation examines Scottish involvement in the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC), c.1779 to c.1821. It surveys the Company's recruitment practices, and the national and regional contribution of Scots to the HBC, demonstrating that Orkneymen were disproportionately numerous throughout the entire period under examination. This study explores their motivation for entry to the HBC, and the various routes (and obstacles) to advancement of salary and station. It also seeks to establish whether Scottish networks operated in the fur trade, and the utility of such connections. Although Scots encountered many opportunities for betterment in Rupert's Land, they were also confronted with the challenge of working in a commercially competitive and remote wilderness environment. Extreme climatic conditions, insufficient food/medicinal supplies, laborious work duties, and violent trade rivalry meant that illness, disability, and death were common occurrences. The extent to which the paternalistic directors endeavoured to mitigate such hardships, and tended to the welfare of employees and their dependents, is assessed. Finally, the social, cultural and economic impact of Scots on both their temporary and home residences is explored. This discussion includes the significance of 'Scottishness' in the fur trade and the importance of 'home' to temporary migrants. In addition, this study highlights the difficulties of remitting savings and domestic support money to dependents in Scotland, and the successes of employees who fulfilled their personal ambitions on their return to Orkney, and climbed onto the property ladder.
4
Storm, Alan. "Family and maritime community : Robin Hood's Bay, c.1653-c.1867." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/7668.
Full textAbstract:
This study of a coastal settlement, in challenging its traditional classification as a "fishing village", may strengthen the case for more investigations of the kind. Coastal erosion at Robin Hood's Bay created a compactness which contributed to the cohesion of the population. Confined between Highland and the North Sea, the settlement shared the remoteness, cultural even more than geographical, of seaward-looking Whitby. With enclosure as a detectable factor, population was probably drawn from the adjacent countryside in the fifteenth century, to accumulate around a fishing-farming nucleus. In the seventeenth century the traditional manorial situation in Fylingdales began to change, with the introduction of 1,000-year leaseholds in Robin Hood's Bay. This contributed to relative immobility of the settlement's population. Servicing by sea of the local alum industry, and the rise of the east-coast coal trade, became the means of extending the equalitarian and co-operative order of fishing to seafaring and shipping enterprise. The return on this, assisted by the unusually long tenure, was sufficient to support the growth of networks of kin so forbidding in their complexity that family reconstitution, from parish registers and wider genealogical sources, became essential to the study. Concern to protect the family is observable, but the growth of strong, puritanical Nonconformity did not frustrate opportunities presented by smuggling. Attitudes, traditional skills and the economic and social order enabled great advantage to be taken of the increase in nineteenth-century shipping, until steam-power intervened. At the heart of both enterprise and resistance to change was the finest mesh of long-standing, entrepreneurial kin testifying to the powerful socialisation that had fostered continuity of residence and maritime employment. The ethic, and the social and economic order by which this obscure community made the description "fishing village” inadequate, suggests that further scrutiny of the coast, not only for the history of merchant shipping, but for people conditioned to the ordering of their own lives, might be profitable.
5
Wilke, Pierre. "Compilation formellement vérifiée de code C de bas-niveau." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S088/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse présente une extension du compilateur CompCert permettant de fournir des garanties formelles de préservation sémantique à des programmes auxquels CompCert n'en donne pas. CompCert est un compilateur pour le langage C vers différentes architectures qui fournit, en plus d'un exécutable compilé, des garanties formelles concernant le comportement du programme assembleur généré. En particulier, tout programme C ayant une sémantique définie selon le standard C est compilé en un programme assembleur équivalent, c'est-à-dire qui a la même sémantique. En revanche, ce théorème n'assure aucune garantie lorsque le programme source n'a pas de sémantique définie : on parle en C de comportement indéfini. Toutefois, des programmes C issus de réels projets largement utilisés contiennent des comportements indéfinis. Cette thèse détaille dans un premier temps un certain nombre d'exemples de programmes C qui déclenchent des comportements indéfinis. Nous argumentons que ces programmes devraient tout de même bénéficier du théorème de préservation sémantique de CompCert, d'abord parce qu'ils apparaissent dans de vrais projets et parce que leur utilisation des comportements indéfinis semble légitime. Dans ce but, nous proposons d'abord un modèle mémoire pour CompCert qui définit l'arithmétique arbitraire de pointeurs et la manipulation de données non initialisées, à l'aide d'un formalisme de valeurs symboliques qui capturent la sémantique d'opérations non définies dans le standard. Nous adaptons l'intégralité du modèle mémoire de CompCert avec ces valeurs symboliques, puis nous adaptons les sémantiques formelles de chacun des langages intermédiaires de CompCert. Nous montrons que ces sémantiques symboliques sont un raffinement des sémantiques existantes dans CompCert, et nous montrons par ailleurs que ces sémantiques capturent effectivement le comportement des programmes sus-cités. Enfin, afin d'obtenir des garanties similaires à celles que CompCert fournit, nous devons adapter les preuves de préservation sémantique à notre nouveau modèle. Pour ce faire, nous généralisons d'importantes techniques de preuves comme les injections mémoire, ce qui nous permet de transporter les preuves de CompCert sur nos nouvelles sémantiques. Nous obtenons ainsi un théorème de préservation sémantique qui traite plus de programmes CThis thesis presents an extension of the CompCert compiler that aims at providing formal guarantees about the compilation of more programs than CompCert does. The CompCert compiler compiles C code into assembly code for various architectures and provides formal guarantees about the behaviour of the compiled assembly program. It states that whenever the C program has a defined semantics, the generated assembly program behaves similarly. However, the theorem does not provide any guarantee when the source program has undefined semantics, or, in C parlance, when it exhibits undefined behaviour, even though those behaviours actually happen in real-world code. This thesis exhibits a number of C idioms, that occur in real-life code and whose behaviour is undefined according to the C standard. Because they happen in real programs, our goal is to enhance the CompCert verified compiler so that it also provides formal guarantees for those programs. To that end, we propose a memory model for CompCert that makes pointer arithmetic and uninitialised data manipulation defined, introducing a notion of symbolic values that capture the meaning of otherwise undefined idioms. We adapt the whole memory model of CompCert with this new formalism and adapt the semantics of all the intermediate languages. We prove that our enhanced semantics subsumes that of CompCert. Moreover, we show that these symbolic semantics capture the behaviour of the previously undefined C idioms. The proof of semantic preservation from CompCert needs to be reworked to cope with our model. We therefore generalize important proof techniques such as memory injections, which enable us to port the whole proof of CompCert to our new memory model, therefore providing formal guarantees for more programs
6
Van, Sittert Lance. "Labour, capital and the state in the St. Helena Bay fisheries c.1856 - c.1956." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21708.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis deals with the history of the St Helena Bay inshore fisheries, 1856-1956. Fishing has long been neglected by social and economic historians and the myths propagated by company and popular writers still hold sway. The thesis challenges these by situating commercial fishing at St Helena Bay in the context of changing regional, national and international economies and showing how it was shaped and conditioned by the struggle for ownership of the marine resource between labour and capital, mediated by the state. The thesis is organised chronologically into three epochs. In each the focus moves from macro to micro, tracing the processes of class formation, capital accumulation and state intervention. The first epoch (c.1856-c.1914) examines the merchant fisheries, the second (c.1914-c.1939) the crayfish canning industry and the third ( c.1939-c.195) secondary industrialisation. It is argued that the common property nature of the marine resource and non-identity between labour and production time in fishing created obstacles to capitalist production, discouraging investment and allowing petty-commodity production to flourish. The latter mediated the vagaries of production through a share system of co-adventuring which enabled owners to avoid paying a fixed wage. This system's impact on the nature and consciousness of fishing labour is examined as is its vulnerability to capture by other capitals through insecure land tenure and credit. Fishing capital, in both its merchant and productive guises was dependent on articulation with petty-commodity production to provide it with commodities or raw material and bear the cost of reproducing labour. Articulation was hampered at St Helena Bay both by the persistence of merchant capital and the rent and labour interests of Sandveld agriculture. The origins and effect of this situation on the fisheries is detailed and discussed, highlighting the importance of agricultural capital's political influence with the colonial and provincial state in blocking or subverting the development of productive capital. The advent of the interventionist central state in the 1930s undermined merchant and farmer dominance of the fisheries and cleared the way for the articulation of petty-commodity primary production with secondary industry during and after the Second World War. This articulation was facilitated by the central state restricting access to the marine · resource and investing heavily in marine research and infrastructure to roll-back the natural constraints on fishing and create the conditions for the establishment of a stable capitalist production regime.
7
Slater, Robert Ernest Gregory. "Artists' colonies in Staithes and Runswick Bay c.1880-1914." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10303.
Full textAbstract:
This is the first scholarly study of the artists' colonies of Staithes and Runswick Bay on the north Yorkshire coast from c.1880 to 1914. Artists who worked in both locations have attracted attention, but their work until now has not been considered as part of a wider painting community. It has not been recognised that Runswick Bay was a separate colony. Such a topic requires an interdisciplinary approach, drawing on the methods of social and economic history, together with local history studies as well as art history. Following an introduction establishing the motivations, approach and scope of the thesis, each chapter addresses a range of key issues and images. Chapter one examines the social and economic context in which the paintings were produced, with particular emphasis on the fishing industry. Chapter two examines the development of the artists' colonies, together with the relationship between the fisherfolk and the artists. It compares Staithes and Runswick Bay with Newlyn and Cullercoats as centres of cultural production. Chapter three explores the representation of both villages and their inhabitants in the paintings produced. Of particular concern is the depiction of fisherfolk as icons of a simpler life and the embodiment of Englishness. Chapter four discusses the exhibiting practices of the artists, particularly in London and northern England. It also looks at the role of individual patrons. Overall this work demonstrates that Staithes and Runswick Bay were two distinct artists' colonies and that they were of greater significance than has previously been recognised because of the number of artists who worked there and the paintings produced. A broader aim of this thesis is to suggest that the development of artists’ colonies, such as Staithes and Runswick Bay, contributed to definitions of Englishness and that the paintings produced there were expressions of national identity.
8
Sarreste, Florian Ferdière Alain. "La sidérurgie ancienne dans le Bas Maine (VIIIe s. av. J.-C. - XVe s. ap. J.-C.)." Tours : SCD de l'université de Tours, 2008. http://theses.abes.fr/2008TOUR2008.
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Sarreste, Florian. "La sidérurgie ancienne dans le Bas Maine (VIIIe s. av. J.-C. - XVe s. ap. J.-C.)." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR2008/document.
Full textAbstract:
Le Bas Maine (département de la Mayenne, ouest de la Sarthe et sud-ouest de l’Orne) reprend les contours de la cité antique des Diablintes. Les recherches anciennes et quelques découvertes ponctuelles indiquaient ici la présence probable de zones de production sidérurgique antérieures au XVe s. et à l’apparition du haut-fourneau dans cette région. La présente étude le confirme. L’utilisation de différentes méthodes de recherche documentaire et les vérifications au sol ont permis d’enregistrer plus de 420 sites liés à la réduction directe qui forment des zones de production, dont les plus importantes se trouvent à la limite des départements de la Sarthe et de la Mayenne. En outre, la fouille d’un ferrier, les analyses archéométriques menées sur les vestiges collectés sur les sites de réduction, mais également dans les forges de la capitale diablinte, Noviodunum/Jublains, ont permis d’apporter des éléments nouveaux sur l’organisation de la production du fer durant l’époque romaine, la plus représentée dans la région, et de proposer l’existence de variations techniques au sein de la filière de réduction directe du ferThe “Bas Maine” composed of the county of Mayenne, western Sarthe and south-western Orne), and situated in the north-western France, takes back the outlines of the ancient diablinte civitas. Former researches and some rare discoveries indicated the presence of iron production areas preceeding the appearance of blast furnace (at the end of the 15th century) in this region. The use of different documentary research methods and field survey permit to register more than 420 iron smelting slag sites which form several iron production areas. The largest ones are located along the border of the counties of Mayenne and Sarthe. Besides, the excavation led on a slag heap and the analyses of residues collected on iron smelting sites and in the iron-making workshops of the diablinte civitas capital, Noviodunum/Jublains (Mayenne), bring new data on the organisation of iron production during the Antiquity, the best known period in the region, and allow us to propose the existence of technical variations within the bloomery process
10
Köhne, Carolin. "Die Beobachtbar-unbeobachtbar-Unterscheidung eine Studie zum Beobachtungsbegriff Bas van Fraassens." Hamburg Diplomica-Verl, 2007. http://d-nb.info/990961966/04.
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Monk, Andrew Ian. "An analogue of the Baum-Connes conjecture for quantum SL(2, C)." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/38987/.
Full textAbstract:
The Baum-Connes conjecture gives a description of the K-theory of the reduced group C*-algebra of a locally compact second countable group. In the case of a connected Lie group G, Connes reformulated the conjecture in terms of a deformation of G provided by a certain continuous field of C*-algebras. The conjecture is known to be true for complex semisimple Lie groups, and in 2008 Higson provided a new proof of this result, using Connes reformulation and an observation due to Mackey about the representation theories of a complex semisimple Lie group and an associated group called the Cartan motion group. In this thesis, we present and prove an analogue of the conjecture for the quantum group quantum SL(2, C) in the spirit of Connes reformulation and Higson's proof. In particular, we define a quantum version of Connes' field, which provides a deformation from quantum SL(2, C) to a quantum analogue of the Cartan motion group. We show that Mackey's observation carries over to the quantum setting, and we then prove an analogue of the conjecture using Higson's method. We also show there is compatibility between the Baum-Connes conjecture for SL(2, C) and our quantum result, in that we can construct a continuous field which encodes Connes' field and our quantum field, as well as a deformation of SL(2, C) to quantum SL(2, C) and a deformation of the Cartan motion group to the quantum Cartan motion group.
12
François, Matthieu Kapsa Philippe. "Matériaux composites C/C pour le freinage aéronautique Elements de compréhension des régimes de frottement et d'usure haut et bas /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/mfrancois.pdf.
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François, Matthieu. "Matériaux composites C/C pour le freinage aéronautique : Elements de compréhension des régimes de frottement et d'usure haut et bas." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ECDL0004.
Full textAbstract:
Dans le domaine du freinage aéronautique l'acier est progressivement remplacé par les matériaux composites carbone/carbone. Ces matériaux sont très sensibles aux conditions de freinage et présentent des régimes de frottement et d'usure haut ou bas. L'analyse d'une simulation d'opération de décollage/atterrissage a permis de déterminer les coefficients de frottements et les taux d'usure de ces régimes et les évolutions de surface frottante et de débris d'usure qui y sont associés. A partir d'essais de simulation de freinages identiques nous avons mis en évidence la corrélation entre les régimes et des phénomènes de polissage des surfaces, ainsi que des mécanismes d'agglomération, de compaction et d'éjections de 3ème corps spécifiques. Cette étude a permis de proposer un scénario d'usure lors de la sollicitation de décollage/atterrissage. Cependant une approche purement mécanique de la tribologie de ces matériaux n'est pas suffisante. L'étude physico-chimique des phénomènes de surface a montré la différence de quantité, de nature et de proportion relative des différentes espèces oxygénées de surface. Cette étude a permis de mettre en évidence la contribution de certaines espèces oxygénées à la réponse tribologique des disques de freinIn the field of aeronautical braking, steel is gradually replaced by carbon/carbon (C/C) composite. These materials are very sensitive to the conditions of braking and exhibit high or low friction and wear regimes. This study agree on the existence of these different regimes during simulations of a whole takeoff/landing operation. We determined coefficients of friction and wear rates relating to each of these regime and the evolutions of rubbing surface and wear debris which are associated to each of them. Simulated experiments of identical brakings highlighted the correlation between these regimes and phenomena of surface polishing and specific mechanisms of agglomeration, compaction and ejection from the contact of third body. We propose a dynamic model of wear mechanisms during takeoff/landing operations. However a purely mechanical approach of the C/C composites tribology is not sufficient. The physicochemical study of the debris showed the difference of quantity, nature and relative proportion of the various oxygenated species in the debris. This study highlighted the contribution of specific oxygen groups to the tribological response of the C/C discs
14
Doucette, Wendy. "Bad Scholarship." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5553.
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Tschammer, Nuska. "HELICAL PACKING REGULATES STRUCTURAL TRANSITIONS IN BAX." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3231.
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Apoptosis is essential for development and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and is frequently dysregulated in disease states. Proteins of the BCL-2 family are key modulators of this process and are thus ideal therapeutic targets. In response to diverse apoptotic stimuli, the pro-apoptotic member of BCL-2 family, BAX, redistributes from the cytosol to the mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum and primes cells for death. The structural changes that enable this lethal protein to transition from a cytosolic form to a membrane-bound form remain poorly understood. Elucidating this process is a necessary step in the development of BAX as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer, as well as autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders. A three-part study, utilizing computational modeling and biological assays, was used to examine how BAX, and similar proteins, transition to membranes. The first part tested the hypothesis that the C-terminal α9 helix regulates the distribution and activity of BAX by functioning as a "molecular switch" to trigger conformational changes that enable the protein to redistribute from the cytosol to mitochondrial membrane. Computational analysis, tested in biological assays, revealed a new finding: that the α9 helix can dock into a hydrophobic groove of BAX in two opposite directions – in a self-associated, forward orientation and a previously, unknown reverse orientation that enables dimerization and apoptosis. Peptides, made to mimic the α9-helix, were able to induce the mitochondrial translocation of BAX, but not when key residues in the hydrophobic groove were mutated. Such findings indicate that the α9 helix of BAX can function as a "molecular switch" to mediate occupancy of the hydrophobic groove and regulate the membrane-binding activity of BAX. This new discovery contributes to the understanding of how BAX functions during apoptosis and can lead to the design of new therapeutic approaches based on manipulating the occupancy of the hydrophobic groove. The second and third parts of the study used computational modeling to examine how the helical stability of proteins relates to their ability to functionally transition. Analysis of BAX, as a prototypical transitioning protein, revealed that it has a broad variation in the distribution of its helical interaction energy. This observation led to the hypothesis tested, that proteins which undergo 3D structural transitions during execution of their function have broad variations in the distribution of their helical interaction energies. The result of this study, after examination of a large group of all-alpha proteins, was the development of a novel, predictive computational method, based on measuring helical interactions energies, which can be used to identify new proteins that undergo structural transitioning in the execution of their function. When this method was used to examine transitioning in other members the BCL-2 family, a strong agreement with the published experimental findings resulted. Further, it was revealed that the binding of a ligand, such as a small peptide, to a protein can have significant stabilizing or destabilizing influences that impact upon the activation and function of the protein. This computational analysis thus contributes to a better understanding of the function and regulation of the BCL-2 family members and also offers the means by which peptide mimics that modulate protein activity can be designed for testing in therapeutic endeavors.Ph.D.
Department of Biomolecular Science
Burnett College of Biomedical Sciences
Biomolecular Sciences PhD
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Köhne, Carolin. "Die Beobachtbar-unbeobachtbar-Unterscheidung : eine Studie zum Beobachtungsbegriff Bas van Fraassens /." Hamburg : Diplomica Verl, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3169250&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Than, Manuel E. "Röntgenstrukturanalyse der Ba3-Cytochrom-c-Oxidase aus Thermus thermophilus und ihres Substrates Cytochrom-c552." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=959982051.
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Moraes, Aline Oliveira de. "O empirismo construtivo de Bas C. Van Fraassen e o problema da explicação científica." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2008. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/3323.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Humanidades, Departamento de Filosofia, Programa de Pós-Gradução, 2008.Submitted by Kelly Marques (pereira.kelly@gmail.com) on 2009-11-04T18:48:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_AlineOliveiraMorais.pdf: 667920 bytes, checksum: 077c6eb6829679821f96632e878b1c79 (MD5)
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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar os principais aspectos do Empirismo Construtivo de Bas C. van Fraassen, particularmente no que diz respeito ao problema da explicação científica. O Empirismo Construtivo defende que o objetivo da ciência é elaborar teorias que sejam empiricamente adequadas e, nesse sentido, afasta-se de outras correntes anti-realistas e, particularmente, do Realismo Científico. A diferença entre esta concepção e outras correntes anti-realistas situa-se no uso que faz da concepção semântica de teorias científicas. Quanto ao Realismo Científico, a diferença diz respeito ao objetivo da ciência e ? crença envolvida na aceitação de teorias. No que concerne ao problema da explicação científica, van Fraassen oferece uma teoria pragmática da explicação cujo objetivo é apresentar a explicação sem o apelo a qualquer ontologia, no qual o contexto cumpre papel determinante na explicação e procura com isso, conter os argumentos realistas baseados no poder explicativo das teorias. _____________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This work aims to present the principle aspects of Bas C. van Fraassen’s Constructive Empiricism, particularly with regard to the problem of scientific explanation. Constructive Empiricism defends the objective of science as being that of formulating theories that are empirically adequate and, in this way, abstains from other anti-realist lines of thought and, particularly from Scientific Realism. The difference between this notion and other anti-realist views is based on its use of semantic conceptions of scientific theories. In terms of Scientific Realism, the difference deals with the objective of science and with the belief involved in the acceptance of theories. Regarding the problem of scientific explanation, van Fraassen offers a pragmatic theory of the explanation whose objective is to present the explanation bereft of any ontology, in which the context plays a determinant role in the explanation and, by this, seeks to contain the realist arguments based on the explanatory power of theories.
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Chen, Yujie, and 陈宇杰. "Structural and functional studies of human APPL1-APPL2 BAR-PH heterodimer, APPL2 BAR-PH homodimer, and lanthionine synthetase component C-like protein 2." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197138.
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APPL BAR-PH heterodimer and APPL2 BAR-PH homodimer
The APPL (Adaptor protein containing PH domain, PTB domain and Leucine zipper) family are adaptor proteins with only two isoforms, APPL1 and APPL2. They bind to early endosomes with a small GTPase, Rab5, and mediate the interactions between various receptors and downstream signaling components, thus functioning in many signaling pathways evoked by adiponectin, insulin, FSH, EGF, and so on.
However, evidences have shown APPL1 and APPL2 should perform some opposite functions, which cannot be simply explained by the functional differences attributed to their PTB domains. We hypothesize that the heterodimerization of APPL1 and APPL2’s BAR domains may account for their opposing functions.
The crystal structure of APPL BAR-PH heterodimer was solved to resolution
2.8 Å. Its overall structure exhibits crescent shape with a larger curvature radius of 76 Å, compared to 55 Å of the APPL1 BAR-PH homodimer. And the crystal structure APPL2 BAR-PH homodimer was solve to resolution 3.3 Å. The overall structure of APPL2 BAR-PH homodimer is very similar to that of APPL BAR-PH heterodimer, but shows greater difference in curvature to the APPL1 BAR-PH homodimer structure. The concave side of APPL BAR-PH heterodimer and APPL2 BAR-PH homodimer all possess less positive charge than the APPL1 BAR-PH homodimer. Structural analysis reveals that leucine patches at the dimer interface may account for the formation of dimeric curve with certain curvature. Consequently, APPL2 BAR is able to enforce the curvature reduction to APPL1 BAR upon heterodimerization. In conclusion, the alterations of curvature and electrostasis are responsible for the modulation of endosome binding specificity and can elucidate the opposite roles of APPL1 and APPL2.
LanCL2
LanCL2 is a member of Lanthionine synthetase component C-like family. In human, LanCL2 binds to lanthionine derivatives and glutathione, participating in keeping intracellular reducing state. By binding to absiscic acid (ABA), LanCL2 is indispensible for the ABA-stimulated adipogenesis, insulin release, glucose homeostasis, and inflammatory response. It is also implicated in anticancer drug resistance. All these functions underscore the importance of LanCL2 in the diseases like diabetes, inflammation, and cancer.
The crystal structure of LanCL2 was solved to resolution 1.8 Å. The overall structure displays canonical double-layer α-barrel. The major differences from LanCL1 lay in the loops on the barrel top, which are implicated in various substrate bindings. A zinc-coordinating pocket was found among the loops, with conserved amino acid residues of distinct conformation. The electrostatic surface shows remarkable differences compared to that of LanCL1, suggesting that it may contribute to distinct substrate binding profile.
Future implications
APPL proteins and LanCL proteins are all involved in the regulation of metabolism, such as glucose uptake, fatty acid oxidation, and insulin secretion, and play roles in diseases like obesity and type 2 diabete. Structural and functional studies of these proteins can provide insights into the molecular mechanisms and clues for related therapeutic approaches.published_or_final_version
Physiology
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Er, Emine Oliver Lisa Vallette François. "Implication de l'extrémité C-terminale de Bax dans son homo-oligomérisation au cours de l'apoptose." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=27246.
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Er, Emine. "Implication de l'extrémité C-terminale de Bax dans son homo-oligomérisation au cours de l'apoptose." Nantes, 2006. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=4ae3c0d4-d319-4f67-9913-1b5a39374828.
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La protéine pro-apoptotique Bax joue un rôle crucial dans le déclenchement de l'apoptose, une forme de mort cellulaire génétiquement programmée essentielle au bon développement embryonnaire et à l'homéostasie cellulaire chez l'adulte. Suite à un stimulus apoptotique, Bax subit des changements conformationnels, permettant son adressage et son insertion à la membrane mitochondriale externe. L’oligomérisation de Bax est nécessaire à son activité apoptogène. Le sujet de ma thèse a été l’analyse du rôle de l’extrémité C-terminale de Bax. Les données présentées montrent que le C-terminal n’est pas un signal d’adressage mitochondrial. Il est impliqué dans le processus d’oligomérisation, mais n’est pas un domaine de dimérisation. Il n’est pas essentiel à l’activité apoptotique de Bax. En outre, les données présentées suggèrent que TOM22 est un récepteur mitochondrial de Bax. Ce travail contribue à préciser le mécanisme d’action de Bax au cours de l’apoptoseThe pro-apoptotic protein Bax plays a crucial role in triggering apoptosis, a genetic cell death program that is essential for the development and maintenance of cellular homeostasis in adult. After an apoptotic stimulus, Bax undergoes conformational changes that allow its addressing to mitochondria and insertion into the outer mitochondrial membrane. Oligomerization of Bax is essential for its apoptogenic activity. The aim of my thesis was the analysis of the role of the C-terminus in the function of Bax. The data presented show that the C-terminus of Bax is not a mitochondrial addressing domain. It is involved in the oligomerization process, however it is not the dimerization domain. Moreover, it is not necessary for the apoptotic activity of Bax. Furthermore, presented data suggest that TOM22 is a mitochondrial receptor of Bax. This work contributes to the understanding of the mechanism of action of Bax during apoptosis
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Belkadi, Nesrine. "Nouveaux MEMS C-BAR : résonateurs capacitifs à ondes élastiques de volume piégées sur substrat Silicium." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA2088.
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Ces travaux de thèse décrivent l’étude et la réalisation de résonateurs MEMS (Micro-ElectroMechanical Systems) acoustiques à couplage capacitif dits C-BAR (Capacitive Bulk Acoustic Resonator). Les C-BAR exploitent les modes d’extension-compression d’épaisseur en mode fondamental à 9, 45MHz. L’élément vibrant est constitué de Si-monocristallin purement résistif et d’orientation (100). Notre but consiste à transposer au monde des MEMS a` excitation capacitive les caractéristiques de stabilité des résonateurs piézoélectriques BAW utilisés dans les sources de fréquences embarquées. Notre stratégie de développement s’est fondée sur l’exploitation de deux concepts originaux dans les domaines respectifs électrique et acoustique : l’intérêt immédiat des résonateurs MEMS-Si capacitifs tient à la disponibilité du matériau, au faible coût unitaire, à la produire à grande échelle, ainsi qu’à la robustesse. A plus longue échéance, cet intérêt tient au potentiel d’intégration avec l’électronique de commande ; Cette recherche est motivée par la nécessité d’éliminer les pertes structurelles dans les résonateurs MEMS. Grâce à l’étude de la dispersion acoustique des ondes élastiques guidées dans une plaque de Si, nous avons pu contrôler les bandes d’arrêt par modification locale des caractéristiques de la propagation afin de confiner l’énergie acoustique au centre du résonateur. Une première partie de ces travaux est consacrée à la modélisation du C-BAR. Grâce à des simulations FEM appuyées sur des calculs analytiques, nous avons défini les limites imposées aux paramètres constructifs pour l’obtention de performances satisfaisantes pour les applications visées. Nous avons notamment quantifié le nécessaire compromis entre les quantités antagonistes constituées par le k2, limité par la rigidité statique de la plaque, et le Q, limité par les constantes de dispersion des modes exploités et le facteur d’aspect de la plaque. La deuxième partie est consacrée à la micro-fabrication du C-BAR exploitant les micro techniques disponibles au sein de la Centrale MIMENTOThis PhD work describes the study and realization of capacitive Bulk Acoustic Waves MEMS resonators (C-BAR) exploiting the thicknessextensional vibration modes at 9, 45MHz of a mono-crystalline silicon plate (100). The aim of this research consists in translated to the domain of capacitive MEMS the good performances of BAW resonators for embedded frequency sources. The proposed work proposes new resonant structures bearing some originality from electric and acoustic viewpoints : capacitive full Si-MEMS have some immediate interest in the field of material availability, low cost per item, volume production and robustness, notwithstanding their know ability for electronic integration ; This research was motivated by the need to eliminate structural losses to reach the limits imposed by the material itself. With help of a study of dispersion curves, we managed a control of acoustic confinement by means of a local patterning of the surface of the vibrating element. By a proper mastering of the stop band of guided elastic waves in the structure, we can overcome the intrinsic limitations of structural MEMS. The first lock of this work is dedicated to the modeling of the C-BARs. It uses a combination of analytic and FEA calculations to frame the actual design of the resonators. This permits us to determine the limits imposed to the performances of such structures. This part especially points out the contradictory requirements of the C-BARs in terms of electromechanical coupling factor and of surtension coefficient. The second lock describes the issues of the micro-fabrication of the C-BARs at MIMENTO clean room facility
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Corrick, Corey Travis. "Spatial variation in fishery exploitation of mature female blue crabs (C. sapidus) in Chesapeake Bay." UNF Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/798.
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From 2008 to 2012, the total U.S. commercial landings of blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896) averaged over 173 million lbs. Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries are important contributors to this fishery, providing greater than 30% of national commercial landings annually. In Chesapeake Bay, C. sapidus exhibits a complex life cycle in which mated females migrate to the saline waters of the Bay mouth to spawn. During migration, females can traverse multiple management jurisdictions, complicating effective management of this important fishery. Sustained declines in harvest have led to management strategies focused on protecting the female spawning stock in an attempt to enhance recruitment back into the Bay. This study presents the results of a broad scale mark-recapture study (n=7,072) in 11 Chesapeake Bay subestuaries and one coastal embayment, designed to track female migration and quantify spatial variation in exploitation rates of mature female blue crabs. Tagging was conducted in fall 2014 (September and October), when most females have matured and begin to migrate to the spawning grounds, and in summer 2015 (July), when additional females mature and migrate to the spawning grounds. Approximately 8.1% of tagged females were recaptured within one year of release. Overall, the exploitation rate of the 2015 blue crab spawning stock in Chesapeake Bay was 10.5%; however exploitation varied widely among systems (4.0-28.5%). This estimate is below both the management target and threshold exploitation rates and the population grew in subsequent years, suggesting recruitment overfishing of blue crabs was not occurring in Chesapeake Bay at this time.
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Braae, Elizabeth. "Voluntarism, values and community : an intersubjective reading of Bas C. van Fraassen's The empirical stance." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14078.
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In The Empirical Stance, Bas C. van Fraassen suggests that philosophical positions include non-factual things like values and attitudes: they are "stances" rather than factual theses. Choosing between stances is not a matter of reason or rational compulsion; rather, we choose the stance that best reflects or expresses our values. For Dien Ho and Anja Jauernig, however, this reduces philosophy to a subjective expression of personal preference (subjectivism) and, moreover, reduces philosophical debate to an irresolvable value-based dispute (relativism). In this dissertation, I offer an intersubjective reading of van Fraassen. In doing so, I seek to extend what I think is an underdeveloped appeal to community in his work. Approaching van Fraassen with reference to community helps us to appreciate better his position (comprising his voluntarism and voluntarist epistemology, permissive rationality, and stance philosophy) and, as I hope to show, to respond to subjectivist and relativist concerns. In developing this community-based account, I first consider Brandom's model of reciprocal recognition. This gives us an understanding of stance choice as a process of mutually recognising and committing to particular values and attitudes. In choosing the empirical stance, say, I recognise and commit to the values of the empiricist community. In turn, this community recognises my commitment and acknowledges me as an empiricist, as an adherent of the empirical stance. In Brandom's model, then, we find an account of stance choice as a community matter rather than something purely subjective. This leaves the relativist issue unresolved: how can we defend our stance choice to another community, whose members perhaps do not share our relevant values? In addressing this, I consider Davidson's radical interpretation and his principle of charity. As Davidson shows us, if we want to interpret (and hence communicate with) another being, we must assume a shared background of agreement. Here I suggest that we might broaden this background agreement to include not only beliefs but also things like values and commitments. In this way, if I want to communicate with someone from another community, if I want to defend my values and stance choice to this being, then I must charitably assume that we share a common background of beliefs and values. At the very least, broadening the principle helps us to make further sense of van Fraassen's own response to Ho's relativist fears. Lastly I consider the epistemic issue of scientific and conceptual revolutions, in particular of the radical changes that are involved, in the context of community. I look at the role of emotion in van Fraassen's voluntarism and its connection to his notion of the "unfollowable rule". I suggest that further reflection on this connection might help us to make sense of drastic and emotional changes in perspective as a matter of community, since the unfollowable rule itself is community-based. As I hope to show, then, much light can be thrown upon van Fraassen The Empirical Stance by considering in detail the role of community and the theme of intersubjectivity in his work. This helps us to appreciate his position and offers him a genuine and detailed way to respond to the twin worries of subjectivism and relativism.
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Kirkaldy, Alan. ""The sea is in our blood" : community and craft in Kalk Bay, c. 1880-1939." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22499.
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Bibliography: pages 220-234.This thesis examines the historic right of the Kalk Bay fishermen to occupy the area and exploit the marine resources of False Bay. It attempts to provide the historical base absent from anthropological, and other, works which have focussed on the area. In recent years, the local handline fishing community has faced destruction by a complex web of political, social and economic forces. This work shows that these have simply been new challenges in a long line, albeit the most serious, faced by the fisherfolk of Kalk Bay. The study begins with an examination of human settlement, and the origins of fishing, in Kalk Bay to the late nineteenth century. This is followed by an analysis of the organisation of the local fishing industry at the close of that century. These two chapters provide the backdrop for discussion of the commercialization of the local fishing effort, between 1890 and 1913. The fourth chapter deals with the establishment of the modern fishing industry in Kalk Bay, from 1913 to 1939. The thesis concludes with a brief examination of the community to the 1980s. Major findings are that the local fishermen of today are the product of a cultural and economic tradition stretching back thousands of years. By the late nineteenth century, the rhythm of life in the area was being rapidly changed by its incorporation into the social and economic orbit of greater Cape Town. Over the main period covered by the thesis, the local fishermen, as a result of their race and class, occupied the weaker position in conflicts with local authorities, the state and capital. However, they were able to fight dependence upon a single buyer and growing pressures for their proletarianisation and managed to maintain their independence as petty-commodity producers. The independence of the fisherfolk was nevertheless maintained at the expense of increasingly depressed local markets for their fish. Since the Second World War, the escalating political, social and economic subordination of the fisherfolk has progressively threatened the existence of the handline fishing industry and the fishing community at Kalk Bay. However, should racial ideologies and commitment to monopoly capitalization of the industry be set aside by the state, the Kalk Bay fisherfolk could survive, albeit in altered and diminished circumstances.
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STALLOCK, JAMES PATRICK. "THE ROLE OF BAX IN APOPTOSIS OF ECTOPIC PRIMORDIAL GERM CELLS IN THE MOUSE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1046891667.
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Černý, Tomáš. "Electronic Flight Bag pro IPad." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234882.
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This thesis deals with the EFB systems, its standards, types and modes of operation. It describes the design and implementation of an Apple iPad application, intended to be used as an EFB by the Czech general aviation pilots. The real utilization of such application allows for simplification of the preflight check and safe execution of flight while removing the usual load of paper documents from the cockpit. This is achieved through a SW im- plementation of operationally attractive functions. It could be for example: searching in regulations and pilot's handbooks, acquisition and viewing of meteorological informations and recent changes in air traffic, interactive calculation of important parameters or flight navigation.
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Carr, Nikki M. "The flute concertos of Antonio Mahaut (bap.1719-c.1785) with an emphasis on interpretation and performance." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265653.
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Olsem, Eric-Laurent. "Manifestations systemiques des hepatites virales c chroniques de bas grade : a propos d'une revue de 78 cas." Lille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL2M298.
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Kiprop, Ambrose Kipchumba. "Synthèse et caractérisation des acides fulviques dans des systèmes C-H-O, C-H-O-N et C-H-O-N-S : Etude spectroscopique UV-visible des complexes uranyle (VI)-fulvate en fonction du pH, à 25 degrés C et 1 bar." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10094/document.
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Des acides fulviques contenant éléments (1) C,H,O, (2) C,H,O,N et (3) C,H,O,N,S chimiques ont été synthétisés à partir de réactions dans quatre mélanges de composés chimiques purs : (1) C6H4(OH)2 + NaOH, (2) C6H4(OH)2 + CH3COOH +NaOH, (3) C6H4(OH)2 + NH2CH2COOH + NaOH et (4) C6H4(OH) 2 + NH2CH(CH2SH)COOH + NaOH, à pH = 10,0, à l’abri de la lumière et dans des conditions expérimentales proches de celles de la nature (température ambiante, f et f O2 ( g ) CO2 ( g ) atmosphériques). Des analyses qualitatives et semi-quantitatives des acides fulviques de synthèse (AFS) à l’aide d’une combinaison de techniques d'analyse en microscopie électronique, en spectrométrie moléculaire (FTIR-ATR, UV-visible, ESI-MS, APCI-MS) et en diffraction des rayons X ont permis d'obtenir les résultats suivants: - les quatre mélanges réactionnels ont produit un nombre important d'acides fulviques individuels, dont les rapports m/z pouvant atteindre une valeur maximale de 943 et sont amorphes; - les AFS comportent groupements fonctionnels: alcool, éther et carboxylate. L’introduction de composés tels que CH3COOH, NH2CH2COOH et NH2CH(CH2SH)COOH se traduit par d´acides fulviques contenant respectivement des groupements fonctionnels ester, amine et thiol. Enfin, une étude systématique des interactions entre l´ion U(VI) et des ligands fulvate contenant trois éléments (C,H,O) en fonction du pH (4 – 10) a été développée à l'aide de la spectroscopie UV-visible. Deux types de complexes U(VI)-fulvate ont été formés à pH = 4 - 7 et trois types de complexes à pH = 10. La présenc e de bandes d'absorption larges montrent que des ions polyuranyle (VI) participent à ces complexes U(VI) - fulvateFulvic acids containing chemical elements (1) C,H,O, (2) C,H,O,N and (3) C,H,O,N,S have been synthesized from reactions in four mixtures of pure chemical reactants: (1) C6H4(OH)2 + NaOH, (2) C6H4(OH)2 + CH3COOH +NaOH, (3) C6H4(OH)2 + NH2CH2COOH + NaOH and (4) C6H4(OH)2 + NH2CH(CH2SH)COOH + NaOH, at pH = 10.0, in the dark and under oxidative conditions close to those encountered in the nature (ambient temperature and atmospheric conditions, f and f ) O2 ( g ) CO2( g ). Qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of synthesized fulvic acids (SFA) using a combination of analytical techniques in electron microscopy, molecular spectrometry (ATR-FTIR, UV-visible, ESI-MS, APCI-MS), and X-ray diffraction have allowed to obtain the following results : - all four reaction mixtures have produced a large number of individual fulvic acids, whose m/z ratios can be as high as 943 and are amorphous; - the SFA contain functional groups: alcohol, ether and carboxylate. The addition of compounds such as CH3COOH, NH2CH2COOH and NH2CH(CH2SH)COOH led to fulvic acids containing respectively ester, amine and thiol functional groups. Finally, a systematic study of the interactions between the U(VI) ion and fulvate ligands containing three elements (C,H,O) as a function of pH (4 – 10) has been developed using UV-visible spectroscopy. Two types of U(VI)-fulvate complexes have been identified in pH range 4 – 7 and three types of complexes at pH = 10. The presence of absorption broadbands indicates that polyuranyl (VI) ions are part of constituents of the U(VI) - fulvate complexes
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Sato, Masayasu, 俊夫 中村, Toshio Nakamura, 雅史 村山, Masafumi Murayama, 尚史 成田, Hisashi Narita, and 昌泰 佐藤. "噴火湾コア(ST.30)の堆積年代とその意義." 名古屋大学年代測定資料研究センター 天然放射性元素測定小委員会, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/13395.
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Tolley, Rebecca. "Review of Bad Boy of Gospel Music: The Calvin Newton Story, by Russ Cheatham." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5611.
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Macho-Stadler, Marta. "Isomorphisme de Thom pour les feuilletages presque sans holonomie." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10094.
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A. Connes co3 introduit la notion de c*-algebre associee a un feuilletage (m, f), comme la c*-algebre reduite c*(g) du groupoide d'holonomie g de la variete feuilletee. La k-theorie de l'espace des feuilles du feuilletage, k*(#m/#f), est definie comme la k-theorie analytique de c*(g). Pour calculer cet objet analytique k#*(c*(g)) en termes purement geometriques, a. Connes introduit une k-theorie geometrique adaptee aux feuilletages k*(bg), qui utilise le classifiant du groupoide d'holonomie du feuilletage. Les operateurs elliptiques fournissent une application canonique de k*(bg), dans k#*(c*(g)). La conjecture de baum-connes, dit que cette application est un isomorphisme lorsque les groupes d'holonomie n'ont pas de torsion, ce qui fournirait une interpretation geometrique de k*(#m/#f). Cette conjecture a ete deja verifiee dans des cas simples de feuilletages: feuilletages definis par fibrations co3, feuilletages definis par des actions libres de r#n co2, feuilletages de reeb tor, feuilletages sans holonomie na2 et ma, et dans plusieurs exemples de feuilletages non triviaux. Le but de ce memoire est de verifier cette conjecture pour les feuilletages presque sans holonomie de type fini, de codimension un, sur une variete compacte. La methode utilisee generalise celle de ma pour les feuilletages sans holonomie, et elle reste valable pour d'autres feuilletages verifiant un certain schema en ouverts et fermes
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Lussier, Aaron J. "The influence of parent-solution chemistry on the precipitation of Pb-carbonates at 25⁰C, 1 bar total pressure /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98756.
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The influence of parent-solution chemistry on the precipitation of various Pb-carbonate phases (cerussite, PbCO3(s); hydrocerussite, Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2(s); and phosgenite, Pb2(CO3)Cl2(s)) is studied at 25ºC, 1 bar total pressure in the systems Pb(NO3)2-CO 2-H2O and PbCl2-CO2-H2O. Analysis of both fresh and aged (8 and 16 days), fine-grained Pb-carbonate precipitates resulting from the addition of 0.035 M Pb-bearing (PbCl 2 or Pb(NO3)2) into 0.035 M C-bearing (NaHCO 3 and Na2CO3) reagents (or vice versa ) by powder X-ray diffraction and variable-pressure scanning electron microscopy reveals that: (1) a potential relationship exists between crystal morphology and aqueous speciation (i.e. in the presence of NO3- and Cl-); and (2) solid-phase interconversions between cerussite ↔ hydrocerussite and cerussite ↔ phosgenite readily occurs until equilibrium conditions are achieved in a period of time < 8 days. Further, the precipitation conditions corresponding to various morphologies and habits of cerussite (prismatic, bladed, platy-hexagonal) and phosgenite (tabular, intergrown) is documented.
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Flaherty, Seamus. "H.M. Hyndman, E.B. Bax, and the reception of Karl Marx's thought in late-nineteenth century Britain, c. 1881-1893." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2018. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/33947.
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This thesis examines how the idea of Socialism was remade in Britain during the 1880s. It does so with reference to the two figures most receptive to the work of Karl Marx, H. M. Hyndman and E. B. Bax. It argues that, despite the progress made in others areas of the history of British Socialism, the historiography on Hyndman and Bax is still marred by the influence of Friedrich Engels. It demonstrates that the terms 'Marxist' and 'Marxism' are anachronisms. It shows that 'Marxism' was an invented intellectual tradition. It argues therefore that it is a mistake to take its existence for granted at the outset of the period. It shows instead how Hyndman and Bax interpreted Marx over time, with and without Engels's mediation. It reveals, firstly, that Hyndman was not the Tory Radical of historical repute, and Bax, secondly, was one of the most serious internal critics of 'Marxism' of his generation, who did battle with Engels in print. The chapters on Hyndman reveal a fuller cast of characters than historians have usually been apt to acknowledge. For instance, Giuseppe Mazzini, Henry Fawcett, William Cunningham, John Morley, W. H. Mallock, and Arnold Toynbee all feature prominently. The chapters on Bax also reveal previously unacknowledged affinities: most importantly, perhaps, Herbert Spencer and John Stuart Mill. What also becomes apparent is the substantially different set of sources to those customarily proposed that at once both informed and facilitated the passage of modern British Socialist thought: briefly, the 'culture of altruism' that flourished among intellectuals from the 1850s to the 1880s, the rise of historical economics, the discourse of democratic Teutonism and the invention of primitive society, Comtian Positivism, and political economy in its post-Millian form.
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Harwell, Heather D. "Habitat complexity and habitat function of native (Crassostrea virginica) and non-native (C. ariakensis) oysters in the Chesapeake Bay region." W&M ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616687.
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Complex oyster reefs created by the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, though once prominent features of the Chesapeake Bay region, have become relatively scarce in comparison to historic descriptions. This decline, caused by a combination of overfishing, disease, habitat destruction and pollution, this decline continues despite substantial restoration efforts that have spanned decades. In response to this decline, the states of Virginia and Maryland considered the intentional introduction of the non-native Suminoe oyster, C. ariakensis. Previous studies questioned the reef-building capability of this Crassostrea species, which may affect its habitat function. Through a combination of field and mesocosm studies, I examined the possibility that this non-native oyster species would provide an ecologically-functional equivalent of the native oyster species if introduced into Chesapeake Bay. Habitat complexity and associated benthic communities of experimental triploid C. virginica and C. ariakensis reefs were investigated at four sites of varying salinity, tidal regime, water depth, predation intensity and disease pressure in the Chesapeake Bay region (Virginia and Maryland). Four experimental treatments were established at each site: C. virginica; C. ariakensis; 50:50 of C. virginica: C. ariakensis; and shell only. Abundance, biomass, species richness, evenness, dominance and diversity of reef-associated fauna were evaluated in relation to habitat location and oyster species over a period of 21 months. Habitat complexity varied spatially, although no differences among complexity indices were associated with oyster species. Increases in vertical reef heights and surface rugosity were observed over time for all experimental reefs, and treatment effects were observed after 19 months of development, when C. ariakensis reefs exceeded the vertical heights of C. virginica reefs, removing any doubt regarding the Suminoe oyster's reef-building capability. Spatial comparisons of reef-associated macrofauna suggested functional equivalency between oyster species with respect to habitat at intertidal locations (where C. ariakensis survival was low), and at subtidal sites of low salinity. at subtidal locations of higher salinities, however, the numbers of organisms associated with C. virginica reefs per unit of oyster biomass were significantly greater than the numbers of organisms associated with C. ariakensis. Multivariate analyses of data from subtidal high salinity sites also revealed unique communities associated with C. virginica treatments, while mixed oyster species assemblages were functionally equivalent to mono-specific C. ariakensis experimental treatments. Temporal comparisons at one mesohaline subtidal site revealed that the observed effects of oyster species on habitat function in higher salinity locations are inconsistent over time and likely overshadowed by seasonal larval recruitment dynamics and local hydrodynamics. Though a common oyster reef trophic cascade between juvenile oysters, C. virginica; mud crabs, Panopeus herbstii; and oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau was successfully replicated during mesocosm trials, specific trophic interactions were not significantly affected by oyster substrate species or habitat complexity (as it was defined within the constraints of the experiment). Together, these experiments represent the first effort to quantify the potential habitat function of C. ariakensis in Chesapeake Bay, and provide evidence of species-specific similarities and differences in reef-associated communities.
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Deermann, Dariusch [Verfasser], James Lambrecht [Akademischer Betreuer] Ritman, and Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Wiedner. "Development of the \(\barP}ANDA\) MVD trapezoidal sensors and a feasibility study of the \(\barp}\)p \(\rightarrow\) \(\bar{\Delta}_{c}\Delta_{c}\) reconstruction / Dariusch Deermann. Gutachter: James Lambrecht Ritman ; Ulrich Wiedner." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1089005938/34.
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Cavaillé, Anthony. "Complexes de fer à bas degré d'oxydation pour l'activation du diazote atmosphérique, extension aux liaisons C-H et au phosphore blanc." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30338.
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L'activation et la fonctionnalisation du diazote atmosphérique sont l'un des enjeux les plus importants de la chimie moderne. Celles-ci mènent à la formation industrielle d'ammoniac par le procédé Haber-Bosch, indispensable à l'agriculture actuelle. La forte demande énergétique de cette transformation a donc motivé la recherche académique pour découvrir de nouveaux catalyseurs capables de travailler dans des conditions plus douces, en s'inspirant des enzymes nitrogénases. Le but principal de ce travail doctoral a donc été la synthèse et l'étude de complexes de fer à bas degré d'oxydation portant un ligand triphosphine pouvant catalyser la formation d'ammoniac ou de silylamines à partir du diazote. Ce travail expérimental a été appuyé par des calculs théoriques grâce à l'utilisation de la DFT afin de pouvoir rationaliser les résultats obtenus. La première partie de ce manuscrit présente la synthèse des précurseurs métalliques utilisés ainsi que les premiers essais de réduction en utilisant des réactifs de Grignard. Au cours de celle-ci la formation d'un complexe de Fe0 bis-diazote a été prouvée. Sa synthèse de manière efficace et sa réactivité furent étudiées dans une deuxième partie. Ce complexe est l'un des rares catalyseurs au fer de la formation d'ammoniac en phase homogène, ainsi que l'un des plus actifs pour la formation de la silylamine N(TMS)3. En plus de cela, ce Fe0 est capable de déshydrogéner une partie de son ligand alcane ainsi que d'activer une autre molécule d'intérêt, le phosphore blanc. Cette nouvelle transformation entraîne la formation du premier complexe de fer cyclo-P4 terminal jamais rapporté et est abordée dans une troisième partie. Enfin, différents complexes portant à la fois un ligand diazote et des hydrures ont été étudiés au vu de leur pertinence par rapport à la nitrogénase. Cette partie a également permis d'utiliser un nouveau système basé sur un ligand de type PCP, dont la formation de la forme carbénique est possible par une double activation C-H grâce à un intermédiaire de Fe0Molecular nitrogen activation and functionalization are one of the most challenging topic in modern chemistry. The industrial formation of ammonia by the Haber-Bosch process, essential for current agriculture, is the starting point of this field. Indeed, the strong energetic need of this transformation has motivated academic research to find catalyst that can work in milder conditions as observed with nitrogenase enzymes. The principal goal of this Ph.D. work was the synthesis and the study of low oxidation states iron complexes bearing triphosphine ligand for the catalytic formation of ammonia and silylamines. This experimental work was supported by theoretical calculation using DFT in order to rationalize and understand the different results. The first part of this manuscript presents the metallic precursors synthesis and the first reduction attempts using Grignard reagents. During this part, the formation of an interesting Fe0 bis-dinitrogen complex was observed. Its efficient synthesis and reactivity was studied in a second part. This complex is one of the few homogeneous iron catalysts able to perform the formation of ammonia and one of the most active for N(TMS)3 formation. Furthermore, this Fe0 center is able to dehydrogenate an alkane part of its ligand and activate another small molecule of interest, white phosphorus. This new reaction leads to the firs example of the formation of an end-deck iron cyclo-P4 complex and is the subject of the third part. Finally, several iron complexes bearing dinitrogen and hydride ligand were studied in relevance with the nitrogenase enzyme. This part was an opportunity for a change toward a PCP-type ligand. The carbenic form of this ligand was reachable by double C-H activation at an intermediate Fe0 center
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Moret, Stéphanie. "Etude thermodynamique de la co-adsorption de N2, Ar et CH4 à 40° C, jusqu'à 15 bar par des matériaux poreux." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX11044.
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Ce travail porte sur l'étude thermodynamique de la co-adsorption des gaz, à partir de mélanges gazeux binaires, dans des conditions aujourd'hui considérées comme intéressantes pour la séparation des gaz. Nous avons construit un appareil de mesure, couplant la gravimétrie, la densimétrie et la manométrie d'adsorption, destiné à étudier la co-adsorption de mélanges gazeux, de 2 à 5 constituants, à différentes températures pour des pressions allant jusqu'à 50 bar. La validation de l'appareil a été effectuée pour l'adsorption de gaz purs pour lesquels des données expérimentales fiables avaient pu être obtenues, dans le même domaine de pression au Centre de Recherche Claude Delorme (Air Liquide). En utilisant seulement la gravimétrie d'adsorption, nous avons étudié l'adsorption d'Ar, de N2 de CH4 et de CO2 à trois températures et jusqu'à 50 bar par trois zéolithes et un charbon microporeux. Le calcul de l'enthalpie dérivée d'adsorption pour les systèmes précédents (par mesure isostérique), nous a permis d'examiner la corrélation intéressante entre l'enthalpie dérivée d'adsorption à taux de recouvrement nul et le rapport q/r de la charge du cation de compensation sur son rayon atomique. Puis en couplant la manométrie, la gravimétrie et la densimétrie d'adsorption, nous avons abordé l'étude de l'adsorption de mélanges gazeux binaires Ar/N2 et N2/CH4, à trois compositions différentes du mélange gazeux initial (25/75, 50/50, 75/25), à 40° C jusqu'à 15 bar. Les résultats de la co-adsorption ont mis en évidence les rôles prépondérants du moment quadrupolaire du diazote et de la polarisabilité des molécules adsorbées de l'adsorption préférentielle et donc dans la sélectivité. Nous avons enfin abordé les possibilités de prédiction de la co-adsorption de ces mélanges binaires, en appliquant les modèles IAST et HIAST.
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Martins, Trindade Dario. "Contribution of the adenine nucleotide carrier, porin, and sphingolipid metabolism to mitochondria membrane permeabilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR22133/document.
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La perméabilisation de la membrane mitochondriale externe (MOMP) est un évènement décisif lors de la balance entre la vie et la mort de la cellule. Les évènements biochimiques responsables de la MOMP ne sont pas encore complètement définis. Deux mécanismes majeurs et distincts ont été impliqués dans le contrôle de la MOMP: i) l'action des protéines de la famille de Bcl-2, qui peuvent directement s'insérer dans la membrane mitochondriale externe (OMM) et induire l'ouverture de pores; et ii) le pore de transition de perméabilité (PTP), un canal non sélectif de la membrane mitochondriale interne, qui induit un gonflement des mitochondries à la suite d'une ouverture prolongée, suivie d'une éventuelle rupture de la MOM. L'intérêt croissant pour la biologie de la mort cellulaire, entretenu par des contributions significatives d'études sur la levure dans la compréhension des mécanismes biologiques de base, ont amené l'eucaryote unicellulaire Saccharomyces cerevisiae sur le devant de la scène. La levure est dépourvue de certains régulateurs majeurs de l'apoptose, mais possède cependant des homologues des facteurs pro-apoptotiques mitochondriaux, ainsi que des orthologues des composantes moléculaires généralement attribuées au PTP, notamment le l'échangeur ADP/ATP (AAC) et la Porine (Por1). Ces caractéristiques de S. cerevisiae, ainsi que la disponibilité d'outils moléculaires et génétiques, ont fourni une excellente opportunité d'étudier les membres de la famille de Bcl-2 dans un environnement contrôlé, ainsi que la contribution du PTP et de ses composantes à la mort cellulaire. Dans ce travail, la contribution des groupes thiol de l'AAC, leur oxydation, Por1, et la possible interaction entre ces deux protéines, ont été explorées au cours de la mort cellulaire de la levure induite par l'acide acétique. Nous avons observé que l'oxydation de Aac2p, notamment la formation de ponts disulfures, ne contribuait pas au programme de mort induit par l'acide acétique. Cette conclusion est soutenue par l'absence d'un profil particulier d'oxydation d'Aac2p. Néanmoins, il avait été précédemment démontré que l'AAC était requis pour la relocalisation du cytochrome c induite par l'acide acétique, et que son absence promouvait la survie des cellules de levure. Par contre, la délétion de Por1 diminue la viabilité de levures traitées par l'acide acétique. Il a été émis l'hypothèse que les deux protéines participent à la même voie de régulation de la mort cellulaire. Pour la tester, la relocalisation du cytochrome c a été mesurée dans des mitochondries isolées de cellules Δaac1/2/3, Δpor1 et Δaac1/2/3Δpor1 suite à l'exposition à l'acide acétique. Les données obtenues suggèrent que l'absence de Por1 n'affecte pas la relocalisation du cytochrome c pendant la mort cellulaire induite par l'acide acétique, mais pourrait être importante pour sa régulation. Quand à la fois AAC et Por1 sont absentes, les mitochondries de levure peuvent toujours relarguer le cytochrome c, suggérant l'existence d'un mécanisme indépendant de l'AAC. De plus, nous avons montré que les deux protéines ont des effets distincts dans les réponses cellulaires à différents stress. En effet, l'absence des AACs contribue à l'augmentation de la résistance au stress osmotique et de l'intégrité de la paroi cellulaire. Enfin, S.cerevisiae a été utilisé comme modèle pour étudier les aspects mécanistiques relatifs à la fonction des protéines de la famille de Bcl-2. Notamment, nous avons évalué le rôle des sphingolipides sur l'action du régulateur pro-apoptotique humain Bax. Nous avons montré que l'absence de Isc1p, une inositol phospholipase C qui dégrade les sphingolipides complexes en céramides chez la levure, favorise la viabilité de cellules de levures exprimant une forme active de Bax. Nous avons ensuite révélé que cet effet n'est pas associé à des modifications de l'activité de Bax. Il semblerait plutôt que cet effet soit lié aux conséquences cellulaires de l'action de BaxA decisive event in the cell’s life-or-death decision is the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP). The biochemical events responsible for MOMP, are not entirely defined. Two major and distinct mechanisms have been implicated in the control of MOMP: i) the action of Bcl-2 family proteins, which can directly engage the outer mitochondria membrane (OMM) and induce the opening of pores; and ii) the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), an inner membrane unselective channel that induces mitochondria swelling upon long term openings, and eventual rupture of the OMM. The growing interest in cell death biology, fostered by the relevant contributions of yeast to the understanding of basic biological processes, brought the unicellular eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae into the scene. Yeast cells lack some of the major regulators of apoptosis but still possess homologues of mitochondrially enclosed pro-apoptotic factors, as well as orthologues of the molecular components generally ascribed to PTP, including the ADP/ATP carrier (AAC) and Porin (Por1). These particular features of S. cerevisiae, along with the availability of genetic and molecular tools, provided an excellent opportunity to study Bcl-2 family members in a “controlled” environment, or the contribution of the PTP and its components to cell death. In this work, the particular contribution of AAC’s thiol goups, its oxidation, Por1, and of a possible interaction between both proteins to acetic acid-induced yeast cell death, was explored. We observed that oxidative modifications of Aac2p, namely the crosslinking of thiols, do not contribute to the acetic acid-induced cell death program. Such idea is supported by the apparent absence of a particular Aac2p oxidation pattern. Nevertheless, the AAC was previously found to be required for acetic acid-induced cytochrome c release, and its absence promoted the survival of yeast cells. Deletion of Por1, on the other hand, decreased the viability of yeast cells treated with acetic acid. It was hypothesized that the two proteins could share the same pathway in the regulation of cell death. To test it, cytochrome c release was evaluated in mitochondria isolated from Δaac1/2/3, Δpor1 and Δaac1/2/3Δpor1 cells following acetic acid exposure. The data obtained suggest that absence of Por1 does not affect cytochrome c releaseduring acetic acid induced-death, but it may be important for its regulation. When both the AAC and Por1 were absent, yeast mitochondria could still release cytochrome c, raising the possibility of an AAC-independent mechanism. Furthermore, we found both proteins have distinct effects that regulate the cellular response to different stresses. Indeed, absence of the AACs somehow contributed to increased osmotic stress and cell wall resistance. Finally, S. cerevisiae was used as a model to study mechanistic aspects relative to the function of Bcl-2 family proteins. Namely, we assessed the role of sphingolipids in the action of the human pro-apoptotic regulator Bax. We found that absence of Isc1p, an inositol phospholipase C that degrades complex sphingolipids into ceramides in yeast, favored the viability of yeast cells expressing an active form of Bax. It was further revealed that this effect is not associated with changes to the action of Bax; rather, it might be related with the cellular consequences of Bax-action. A parallel with the effect of Uth1p absence in yeast cells expressing Bax suggests that the absence of Isc1p could affect the selective degradation of mitochondria by mitophagy, and thus produce a different cell death response. This work provides new insights into the physiological events underlying the contribution of mitochondrial proteins, previously associated with cell death responses, and sphingolipid metabolism to cell death induced by acetic acid and Bax, respectively. Once again, the yeast S. cerevisiae proved to be an excellent model for the research of cell life and death
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El, Bitouri Youssef. "Modélisation chemo-mécanique du béton bas-pH : application au calcul des structures de stockage des déchets radioactifs." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2598/.
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L'objectif de ce travail de thèse était de concevoir un outil complémentaire permettant de simuler l'évolution chimique des liants bas-pH employés dans les structures de stockage des déchets radioactifs. Cet outil est constitué d'un modèle d'hydratation phénomènologique précédemment développé et d'un modèle d'évolution chimique complémentaire. Le premier modèle est utilisé à court-terme. Il permet de prédire le développement de l'hydratation au jeune âge et ses conséquences. Mais compte-tenu que ce modèle a été développé pour des applications au jeune âge, il est basé sur une stoechiométrie fixe des hydrates créés et ne permet pas de prendre en compte les spécificités des liants bas-pH(évolution chimique à long-terme par réaction de la silice résiduelle). Ainsi, un modèle d'évolution chimique adapté pour prédire l'évolution chimique à long-terme est proposé. Ce modèle " long-terme " est basé sur une stoechiométrie évolutive des hydrates. Pour cela, il utilise l'équation de conservation de la masse calcium, qui permet de décrire les échanges de calcium entre les différents hydrates et anhydres. Cette équation intègre les cinétiques d'échanges qui sont fonction de l'écart à l'équilibre thermodynamique, de la microstructure et de la température. Enfin, un couplage de l'évolution chimique et l'évolution des propriétés mécanique a été effectué dans le but de simuler le comportement mécanique de la structure de stockage des déchets radioactifsThe purpose of this work concerns to design a complementary tool to simulate the chemical evolution of low-pH cements used in radioactive waste storage. This tool consists of a phenomenological hydration model previously developed and a complementary chemical evolution model. The first model is used for short-term. It can predict the development of hydration at early age and its consequences. But taking into account that this model has been developed for applications at a young age, it is based on a fixed stoichiometry of hydrates and does not take into account the specificities of low-pH cements (chemical evolution at the long-term by reaction of residual silica). Thus, a chemical evolution model at the long-term is proposed. This model is based on a variable stoichiometry of hydrates. For this, it uses the calcium mass balance for describing calcium exchange between the various hydrates and anhydrous. This equation includes the kinetics of exchanges which are based on the difference in the thermodynamic equilibrium, of the microstructure and temperature. Finally, a coupling with mechanical properties evolution was performed to simulate the mechanical behavior of the radioactive waste storage facility
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Leijonborg, Inca. "Tvättstugan-ett rum för rekreation." Thesis, Konstfack, Inredningsarkitektur & Möbeldesign, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-7853.
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Idag är den gemensamma tvättstugan bortrationaliserad och tvättmöjligheterna flyttarmer och mer in i den privata bostaden. Vi förlorar plattformar och mötesplatser som kan ge utrymme för diskussioner och gemenskap och det utarmar jordens resurser att det individuella ägandet uppmuntras före det gemensamma. I mitt examensprojekt spekulerar jag med hjälp av rumslig gestaltning om tvättstugan som en attraktiv plats för reflektion och rekreation, som syftar till att få människor att välja den gemensamma tvättstugan och därmed ge den ett fortsatt existensberättigande. Det är relevant att vi människor delar på de resurser vi har och förutom ökad ekologisk hållbarhet kan tvättstugan som rum ge ett ökat socialt välmående för oss som individer. I mitt designförslag har jag adderat nya sysslor och moment i en befintlig tvättstuga i Hökarängeni Stockholm, som idag vanligen inte finns i denna typ av rum. Exempelvis badkar och dusch, hängmattor i torkrum och fotbad i ett socialt torgliknande utrymme. Dessa sysslor betraktar jag som ritualer som fångar det poetiska i en så vardaglig syssla som tvätt och får oss att stanna upp för ett ögonblick. I dagens tempo stressar vi på och konsumeratvidare och min förhoppning är att vi med tid för reflektion över vårt livsstil kanske göra en skillnad för framtida generationer.Min slutsats är att tvättstugan som rum i framtiden har stor potential att inrymma fler aktiviteter och sysslor än idag, och att det skulle kunna berika denna typ av gemensamma rum, göra de mer attraktiva och få de att fylla en betydelsefull funktion, både social och ekologisk.
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Chaîné, Marie-Andrée. "Étude de l'expression d'AtBI-1 lors de la mort cellulaire programmée causée par les UV-C." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4908.
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Chez les végétaux, la mort cellulaire programmée (MCP) permet d'assurer le développement optimal de la plante et de protéger l'organisme contre différents stress biotiques et abiotiques. Peu d'effecteurs de la MCP végétale sont connus et caractérisés. L'objectif de ce projet de maîtrise était donc d'améliorer nos connaissances sur l'un de ces effecteurs : la protéine anti-apoptotique Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1). Chez les plantes, BI-1 possède un rôle de protection contre la MCP induite par différents stress et ce projet s'est intéressé à la caractérisation de ce rôle pour trois agents stressants. L'utilisation de différents mutants nuls et surexpresseurs d'AtBI-1 chez la plante modèle Arabidopsis thaliana pour des tests de germination et l'extraction de la chlorophylle a permis la démonstration d'un rôle de protection d'AtBI-1 contre la MCP induite par les UV-C et le méthyl viologène puisque son absence augmente la sensibilité des plantules. Par contre, dans les conditions utilisées, AtBI-1 ne semble pas jouer de rôle de protection contre une MCP induite par les cytokinines. La suite du projet s'est concentrée sur la régulation du gène AtBI-1 suite à une irradiation aux UV-C. Une région régulatrice spécifique aux UV-C a pu être identifiée grâce à une série de constructions comprenant la région régulatrice d'AtBI-1 coupée à différents sites de restriction et couplée au gène rapporteur GUS. Cette région régulatrice est probablement impliquée dans la régulation négative du gène puisque sa délétion entraîne une forte augmentation de l'expression basale d'AtBI-1. Enfin, une analyse bio-informatique de cette région régulatrice spécifique aux UV-C a permis l'identification de plusieurs motifs et sites de liaison pouvant potentiellement être impliqués dans la régulation d'AtBI-1 par les UV-C. De plus, des essais de gel à retardement sur cette région régulatrice montrent qu'elle est liée par un facteur nucléaire en conditions normales et qu'il y a perte de cette liaison suite à un traitement aux UV-C. L'identification de ce facteur nucléaire permettra de déterminer son implication dans la régulation d' AtBI-1 par les UV-C.
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Oliveira, Cristiane de 1985. "Influência dos polimorfismos P53 ARG72PRO, MDM2 T309G, BCL2 C(-938)A e BAX G(-248)A, relacionados com apoptose celular, na susceptibilidade ao melanoma cutâneo = Influence of the polymorphisms P53 ARG72PRO, MDM2 T309G, BCL2 C (-938) A and BAX G (-248) A, involved with cellular apoptosis, incutaneous melanoma susceptibility." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308612.
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Orientador: Carmen Silvia Passos LimaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas.
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T16:27:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_Cristianede_M.pdf: 2437379 bytes, checksum: 5fff08e294a7f4c2d2e6e49723726b29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: Os genes P53 e BAX (pró-apoptóticos) e MDM2 e BCL2 (antiapoptóticos) atuam na morte de células epiteliais danificadas por raios ultravioleta (UV) da luz solar e estão relacionados com a origem do melanoma cutâneo (MC). A proteína codificada pelo alelo selvagem Arg do polimorfismo P53 Arg72Pro induz melhor a apoptose do que a do alelo variante Pro. Os alelos variantes G e A dos polimorfismos MDM2 T309G e BCL2 C(-938)A e o alelo variante A do polimorfismo BAX G(-248)A estão relacionados com maior e menor expressão proteica, respectivamente, quando comparados aos alelos selvagens T, C e G. Como são incertos os papéis desses polimorfismos no risco e manifestações clínicas do MC, estes foram os principais objetivos do presente estudo. O DNA genômico de 150 pacientes e de 150 controles foi analisado por meio da reação em cadeia da polimerase e digestão enzimática. As frequências dos genótipos P53 ArgArg (58,7% vs 44,7%, P= 0,02) e BCL2 AA (28,0% vs 15,3%, P= 0,004) foram maiores em pacientes do que em controles. Portadores dos genótipos estiveram sob riscos 1,86 e 2,87 vezes maior de MC do que os demais, respectivamente. Excessos dos genótipos combinados P53 ArgArg + BCL2 AA (36,1% vs 16,9%, P= 0,002) e P53 ArgArg + BAX AA (29,5% vs 15,3%, P= 0,008) foram observados em pacientes comparados a controles. Indivíduos com os respectivos genótipos estiveram sob riscos 3,43 e 2,71 vezes maior de ocorrência do MC do que os demais, respectivamente. Concluímos que os polimorfismos P53Arg72Pro, BCL2 C(-938)A e BAX G(-248)A alteraram o risco de ocorrência do MC em nossa amostra e indivíduos com os genótipos ArgArg, AA e AA dos respectivos polimorfismos devem receber recomendações adicionais para proteção da pele dos efeitos nocivos dos raios UV e seguimento médico com exames dermatológicos periódicos, para prevenção e diagnóstico precoce do tumor
Abstract: The P53 and BAX (proapoptotic) and MDM2 and BCL2 (antiapoptotic) genes remove cells damaged by ultraviolet (UV) rays of the sunlight and, therefore, are related to the cutaneous melanoma (CM) origin. The Arg wild allele of the P53 Arg72Pro polymorphism is more efficient in inducing apoptosis than the variant Pro allele. The variant G and A alleles of the MDM2 T309G and BCL2 C(-948)A polymorphisms, and the A allele of the BAX G(-248) A polymorphism are related to higher and lower expressions of the encoded proteins, respectively, than the wild T, C and G wild alleles. Since the roles of the referred genetic polymorphisms on the risk and clinical manifestation of the tumor are still unclear, these were the main aims of the present study. Genomic DNA from 150 patients with CM and 150 controls was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and enzymatic digestion. The frequencies of the P53 ArgArg and the BCL2 AA genotypes were higher in patients than in controls (58.7% versus 44.7%, P= 0.02) and (28.0% versus 15.3%, P= 0.004) respectively. Carriers of these genotypes had a 1.86 and 2.87-fold increased risks for MC than others, respectively. Excesses of the P53 ArgArg + BCL2 AA and P53 ArgArg + BAX AA were seen in patients when compared to controls (36.1% versus 16.9%, P= 0.002) and (29.5% versus 15.3%, P= 0.008), and carriers of these genotypes had a 3.43 and 2.71-fold increased risks for CM than others, respectively. We concluded that the P53 Arg72Pro, BCL2 C(-938)A and BAX G(-248)A polymorphisms alter the risk for CM in our sample. We believe that carriers of the ArgArg wild genotype and the variant AA genotypes of the respective genetic polymorphisms should receive additional recommendation to avoid exposition to sunlight and should be frequently evaluated by a dermatologist with the purpose of preventing and performing an early diagnosis of the disease, respectively
Mestrado
Biologia Estrutural, Celular, Molecular e do Desenvolvimento
Mestre em Fisiopatologia Médica
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Zarmakoupi, Mantha. "Villae expolitae: aspects of the architecture and culture of Roman country houses on the bay of Naples (c. 100 BCE - 79 CE)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487167.
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This study combines a design analysis of Roman luxury villa architecture with a cultural analysis of Roman luxury villa lifestyle to shed light on the villas' architectural design as a dynamic process related to cultural, social as well as environmental factors. Roman luxury country houses articulated a novel architectural language that Roman designers developed by appropriating the existing stylistic and thematic vocabularies of Hellenistic and Roman architecture. The present analysis ofluxury villa architecture seeks to describe and explain the ways in which architecture accommodated the lifestyle of educated leisure, the lifestyle aIa grecque, and the appreciation of landscape; and how, in doing so, architecture was instrumental in the construction of the identity of the cultural phenomenon itself and became an agent of Romans' cultural identity. In their effort to accommodate the Greek style Romans created something completely unprecedented and intrinsically Roman. Five villas from around the bay ofNaples (circa 100 BCE - 79 CE) are the focus of this study, but examples are drawn from a wider corpus of evidence. The first chapter outlines the luxury villa cultural phenomenon, assesses the previous scholarship, addresses the scope of this study and introduces the five case studies. Chapters two. through five focus on four architectural structures and/or features within the villas to discuss them as generating spaces for the life led in them - the life that was intertwined and became identified with the luxury villa trend: porticus and cryptoporticus (chapter two), peristylia/porticus and gardens (chapter three), water features (chapter four) and dining facilities (chapter five). The final chapter analyzes the architectural design concerns and priorities to which the four architectural structures or features were related, and explicates the ways in which designers responded to them.
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Ngan, Yuk-Han. "Évolution des constructions "verbe + complément" du chinois bas-archai͏̈que au chinois haut-médiéval (5ème siècle av. J. C. - 6ème siècle) : analyse diachronique." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0078.
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Cleary, Daniel Martin. "A Bat-Guano-Derived δ15N and δ13C Record of Paleoenvironmental Change: Zidită Cave, Romania." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5928.
Full textAbstract:
Because nitrogen isotopes are fractionated along the soil-plant-insect-bat-guano pathway, it may be possible to reconstruct environmental and climatic changes reflected in the nitrogen isotopic composition of guano. A 1.5-m core of bat guano from Zidită Cave (western Romania) provides a record of climatic and anthropogenic influence on the regional nitrogen cycle and paleoenvironmental controls on nitrogen transforming processes. Increasing and decreasing trends of nitrogen isotopic composition (δ15N values) correspond well with changes in the influence of farming practices, deforestation, and forest expansion. These influences likely had a significant effect on the openness of the nitrogen cycle, resulting in changes in δ15N values of soil, plants, and ultimately guano. While δ15N values have gradually decreased since AD 1700, decadal trends towards more positive values at AD 1840 and 1920 coincide with increases in tree pollen (forest recovery). Additionally, the accumulation of relatively15N-depleted guano coincides with periods of increased fire frequency, deforestation, and crop/herbaceous pollen (agricultural practices).
δ13C record of bulk guano indicates that carbon isotopic variation results from changes in water availability. Comparison of δ13C to δ15N indicates that there is a significant correlation between nitrogen and carbon isotopic composition of guano. When water availability was high (low δ13C values), δ15N values of bulk guano trend towards higher values. Although this connection to climate is the opposite of the findings from previous work correlating δ15N values of plant foliage and precipitation amount, the relationship between nitrogen isotopic values and water availability still appears to have merit. Based on these findings, δ15N of guano appears to be a signal for changes in N cycling of the Mada region that occurs, primarily in response to the precipitation received, further modified by intense changes in anthropogenic activity.
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Kosse, Pascal [Verfasser], Marc [Gutachter] Wichern, and Torsten C. [Gutachter] Schmidt. "Energy balance and greenhouse gas emissions of municipal wastewater treatment systems / Pascal Kosse ; Gutachter: Marc Wichern, Torsten C. Schmidt ; Fakultät für Bau- und Umweltingenieurwissenschaften." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1180028260/34.
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Robert, Olivier. "Développement d'un oscillateur analogique d'interface pour résonateur sur technologie CMOS en haute température (200°C) : application à un capteur MEMS de pression (1000 bar)." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066414.
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Dieckmeyer, Michael [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Baum, Dimitrios C. [Gutachter] Karampinos, Jan S. [Gutachter] Kirschke, and Thomas [Gutachter] Baum. "Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy of Vertebral Bone Marrow: Addressing Confounding Effects in the Measurement of Fat Fraction and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient / Michael Dieckmeyer ; Gutachter: Dimitrios C. Karampinos, Jan S. Kirschke, Thomas Baum ; Betreuer: Thomas Baum." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1201086248/34.
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