Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'C. 626 – 682)'
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Schlaepfer, Christian. "Counter-subversion in Britain, c. 1945-62." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283915.
Full textHellström, Johan. "On the cholinergic C-bouton /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-628-6017-8/.
Full textNilsson, Mikael. "Biochemical and epidemiological characterization of serogroup C rotavirus /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4022-3/.
Full textWramsby, Margaretha. "Reproductive aspects of the protein C system in women /." Stockholm, 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-628-4636-1/.
Full textGustafsson, Magnus. "Palmitoylation and amyloid fibril formation of lung surfactant protein C /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4386-9/.
Full textMEDEIROS, Flávio Mota. "An approach to safely evolve preprocessor-based C program families." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2016. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/662.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2018-05-14T14:15:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavio Medeiros - Tese.pdf: 4026286 bytes, checksum: b8f88ed9bff48d2f4eed7e9d7039c5ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016
Desde os anos 70, o pré-processador C é amplamente utilizado na prática para adaptar sistemas para diferentes plataformas e cenários de aplicação. Na academia, no entanto, o pré-processador tem recebido fortes críticas desde o início dos anos 90. Os pesquisadores têm criticado a sua falta de modularidade, a sua propensão para introduzir erros sutis e sua ofuscação do código fonte. Para entender melhor os problemas de usar o pré-processador C,considerando a percepção dos desenvolvedores, realizamos 40 entrevistas e uma pesquisa entre 202 desenvolvedores. Descobrimos que os desenvolvedores lidam com três problemas comuns na prática: erros relacionados à configuração, testes combinatórios e compreensão do código. Os desenvolvedores agravam estes problemas ao usar diretivas não disciplinadas, as quais não respeitam a estrutura sintática do código. Para evoluir famílias de programas de forma segura, foram propostas duas estratégias para a detecção de erros relacionados à configuração e um conjunto de 14 refatoramentos para remover diretivas não disciplinadas. Para lidar melhor com a grande quantidade de configurações do código fonte, a primeira estratégia considera todo o conjunto de configurações do código fonte e a segunda estratégia utiliza amostragem. Para propor um algoritmo de amostragem adequado, foram comparados 10 algoritmos com relação ao esforço (número de configurações para testar) e capacidade de detecção de erros (número de erros detectados nas configurações da amostra). Com base nos resultados deste estudo, foi proposto um algoritmo de amostragem. Estudos empíricos foram realizados usando 40 sistemas C do mundo real. Detectamos 128 erros relacionados à configuração, enviamos 43 correções para erros ainda não corrigidos e os desenvolvedores aceitaram 65% das correções. Os resultados de nossa pesquisa mostram que a maioria dos desenvolvedores preferem usar a versão refatorada,ou seja,disciplinada do código fonte,ao invés do código original com as diretivas não disciplinadas. Além disso,os desenvolvedores aceitaram 21 (75%) das 28 sugestões enviadas para transformar diretivas não disciplinadas em disciplinadas. Nossa pesquisa apresenta resultados úteis para desenvolvedores de código C durante suas tarefas de desenvolvimento, contribuindo para minimizar o número de erros relacionados à configuração, melhorar a compreensão e a manutenção do código fonte e orientar os desenvolvedores para realizar testes combinatórios.
Since the 70s, the C preprocessor is still widely used in practice in a numbers of projects, including Apache,Linux ,and Libssh, totail or systems to different platforms and application scenarios. In academia,however, the preprocess or has received strong critic is msinceatl east the early 90s. Researchers have criticized its lack of separation of concerns, its proneness to introduce subtle errors, and its obfuscation of the source code. To better understand the problems of using the C preprocessor, taking the perception of developers into account, we conducted 40 interviewsandasurveyamong 202 developers. We found that developers deal with three common problems in practice: configuration-related bugs, combinatorial testing, and code comprehension. Developers aggravate these problems when using undisciplined directives (i.e., bad smells regarding preprocessor use), which are preprocessor directives thatdo notrespect thesyntactic structureof thesource code. To safely evolve preprocessor based program families, we proposed strategies to detect configuration-relatedbugs and bad smells, and a set of 14 refactorings to remove bad smells. To better deal with exponential configuration spaces, our strategies uses variability-aware analysis that considers the entire set of possible configurations, and sampling, which allows to reuse C tools that consider only one configuration at a time to detect bugs. To propose a suitable sampling algorithm, we compared 10 algorithms with respect to effort (i.e., number of configurations to test) andbug-detection capabilities (i.e.,numberofbugs detected in the sampled configurations). Based on the results, we proposed a sampling algorithm with an useful balance between effort and bug-detection capability. We performed empirical studies using a corpus of 40 C real-world systems. We detected 128 configuration-related bugs, submitted 43 patches to fix bugs not fixed yet, and developers accepted 65% of the patches. The results of our survey show that most developers prefer to use the refactored (i.e., disciplined) version of the code instead of the original code with undisciplined directives. Furthermore, developers accepted 21 (75%) out of 28 patches submitted to refactor undisciplined into disciplined directives. Our work presents useful findings for C developers during their development tasks, contributing to minimize the chances of introducing configuration-related bugs and bad smells, improve code comprehension, and guide developers to perform combinatorial testing.
Halasz, Robert. "Epidemiology and clinical importance of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-3997-7/.
Full textHoward, Michael Anthony. "TiO2/C composite photocatalysts for abatement of phenol, alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates in water." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2008. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/842680/.
Full textZaltash, Shahparak. "Pulmonary surfactant proteins B and C : molecular organisation and involvement in respiratory disease /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4571-3/.
Full textMartin, Laura A. "Changes in the control of property in small-town Ireland, c. 1750 - c. 1900." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326311.
Full textGuyot-Réchard, Bérénice Claire Dominique. "Decolonisation and state-making on India's north-east frontier, c. 1943-62." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283938.
Full textCassel, Tobias. "Transcriptional regulation of differentiation markers in the distal lung epithelium : a role for C/EBP factors /." Stockholm, 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-628-4853-4/.
Full textGomes, Jorge S. "Reservoir description of the Arab-C Dukhan carbonate reservoir for improved reservoir management and use as a subsurface analogue." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1141.
Full textSjölinder, Mikael. "Leukotriene C₄ synthesis and export in human platelets and leukocytes : LTC₄ synthase expression in normal and leukemic myeloid cells /." Stockholm, 1999. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1999/91-628-3730-3/.
Full textTerling, Catharina. "A study of the cell adhesion molecules, E-cadherin and C-CAM, and the intermediate filament, nestin, in craniofacial and tooth development /." Stockholm, 1998. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1998/91-628-2899-1.
Full textNardini, Milena. "Integralidade e promo??o da sa?de da mulher : as proposi??es da C?mara Federal sobre a legaliza??o do aborto." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2008. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/622.
Full textEsta disserta??o tem por objetivo discutir o aborto e a pol?tica de sa?de da mulher, principalmente no que se refere aos princ?pios da integralidade e da promo??o da sa?de, atrav?s das proposi??es sobre a legaliza??o do aborto em pauta na C?mara Federal. Como concep??es te?ricas para esta discuss?o, utilizam-se os fundamentos das Pol?ticas P?blicas de Sa?de da Mulher, a concep??o de Planejamento Familiar, bem como os princ?pios e diretrizes do SUS. Para isso fizemos uma busca na base de proposi??es da C?mara Federal a fim de acessar aquelas que tratam sobre o aborto no per?odo de janeiro de 2005 a novembro de 2007, tendo sido encontradas 35 proposi??es. Dentre estas, foram selecionadas 16 proposi??es de acordo com o seu conte?do para serem analisadas. A an?lise mostra que as quest?es relativas ? sa?de da mulher n?o se integram ?s quest?es da legaliza??o do aborto devido ? falta de articula??o e de comunica??o entre as inst?ncias das pol?ticas p?blicas de sa?de e da legisla??o em vigor. As inst?ncias n?o dialogam suficientemente para que as quest?es sobre o aborto sejam integradas ?s pol?ticas de sa?de da mulher. Cada inst?ncia, dentro de suas atribui??es, trabalha diretamente com as quest?es do aborto de acordo com um determinado prisma o legislativo atrav?s de controle/puni??o das a??es da mulher sobre seu corpo e a pol?tica de sa?de atrav?s da promo??o de a??es que visem ? preven??o do aborto e ao tratamento de suas conseq??ncias na sa?de da mulher. Assim, as a??es da ?rea da sa?de em rela??o ao aborto podem n?o estar sendo modificadas em fun??o das prov?veis limita??es impostas pelo legislativo, o que acaba interferindo na integralidade e promo??o de sa?de proposta pelo SUS e pela PNAISM.
Rankine, M. E. "The Mexican silver-mining industry in the nineteenth century with special reference to Guanajuato." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233241.
Full textKilndjian, Seta. "Les relations militaires Arménie-Rome de Pompée à Trajan : (66 av. J.-C. - 117 ap. J.-C.)." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR2047.
Full textThe history of military relationships from Pompey to Trajan is complex due to scarce, heterogenic and diffuse sources. It interlaces many tranverse topics increasing its complexity level. This history focuses on military expeditions organised by Roman leaders. From the end of the Republic to highlight of the Empire, Pompey, Crassus, Antonius, Tiberius, Caius, Germanicus, Corbulo, Paetus Caesennius and Trajan succeeded to one another to extend Roman domination upon Armenia in order to counteract their Parthian competitor. These military campaigns gathered colossal contingents revealing the importance of the Armenian question for the Romans. Rome failed in Armenia where Augustus, Nero then Trajan thought they could succeed. Parthian pressure growing heavier, especially from Rhandeia alongside the opposing force to the Roman presence, finally got the best out of the Romans. Rome, conscious from one side that winning the Parthian Empire was impossible and on the other side conscious of the complexity of the Armenian question, chose to maintain insecurity at the border, in Armenia, to weaken the Parthians
Li, Dailin. "Regulation of Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase activity by protein phosphatase-1 and protein kinase C : studies in infant and adult renal tissue and on vascular smooth muscle cells /." Stockholm, 1999. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1999/91-628-3563-7/.
Full textDelerue, Sarah. "L' obsidienne dans le processus de Néolithisation du Proche-Orient (12000-6500 av. J. -C. Cal. )." Bordeaux 3, 2007. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=2007BOR30038.
Full textThe ‘Neolithisation’ of the Near East is a vast topic of research implying specialists of various fields. This work contributes to its better understanding through the study of a lithic raw material diffused on a large scale : obsidian. This material is of particular interest based on its predisposition for provenance studies. In aceramic civilisations, obsidian remains the only univocal marker of exchange. From a geological and chemical point of view, the corpus of the Near Eastern obsidian sources was still incomplete. We proposed to enrich this knowledge by the characterization of about forty sources spread through Anatolia and Transcaucasia. About 100 geological aliquotes were analyzed by ICP-MS, EMP-WDS, PIXE and SEM-EDS. Their respective potential for discrimination within the samples was weighed against the limitations in the application to sometimes precious archaeological artefacts. Those considerations led to the creation of an original analytical strategy to determine the provenance of 500 archaeological obsidian samples from various spatio-temporal horizons. Their study allowed a better understanding of both the obsidian sources exploitation, and their respective products distribution. According to these data, we proposed a renewed synthesis on the ‘obsidian phenomenon’, a summary now considered with a synchronic and diachronic perspective at each step of the process of ‘Neolithisation’. The data led us to consider obsidian, not only as a simple exchange tracer, but also as a characteristic of the Neolithic, along with other criteria such as subsistence economy, architecture and technology. The ‘obsidian phenomenon’ appears to be an integral part of the ‘total social phenomenon’ that constitutes Neolithisation
Julhe, Jean-Claude. "La critique littéraire chez Catulle et les élégiaques augustéens : genèse et jeunesse de l'élégie à Rome (62 avant J.-C.-16 après J.-C.) /." Louvain ; Paris : Dudley, Ma : Peeters, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40009196s.
Full textManning, Sam. "Cinemas and cinema-going in the United Kingdom : a regional analysis of Belfast and Sheffield, c. 1945-62." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.727643.
Full textBell, Kara Stephanie. "The role of individual protein kinase C isoforms in mast cell function and their targeting by the immunomodulatory helminth product, ES-62." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2013. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23163.
Full textGARCIA, PIMENTA FERNANDA DUPREZ ADRIEN. "APPORT DE L'ANTICORPS ANTI C-KIT POUR LE DIAGNOSTIC DES TUMEURS STROMALES GASTRO-INTESTINALES A PROPOS D'UNE ETUDE RETROSPECTIVE DE 62 OBSERVATIONS /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2001_GARCIA_PIMENTA_FERNANDA.pdf.
Full textFois, Piero. "La Sardaigne et l'islam (VIIe-XIe siècles ap. J. C. )." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010685.
Full textHubert, Pascale. "Tyrosine phosphorylation et association à la phospholipase C Gamma-1 de la protéine de 62 KD liée à Gap après stimulation de la molécule CD2 des cellules T Jurkat." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA07B070.
Full textChou, Kwong-Yan Godwin. "Assimilation of Baroque and Classical Essence with Romantic Sentiment: a Structural Analysis of Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy's Sonata in C Minor for Organ, Opus 62, No. 2." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278131/.
Full textVERLYNDE, BERNARD. "C. R. R. A. M. 62 (centre de reception et de regularisation des appels medicaux du pas-de-calais) : bilan de deux ans et demi de fonctionnement." Lille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL2M216.
Full textDuval, Georges. "La conjuration de Catilina : César, un instigateur oublié." Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE2011.
Full textHagil, Abdelmoula. "Le vocabulaire de la mort chez les Arabes jusqu'au septième siècle ap. J. -C : essai d'analyse morpho-sémantique." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040263.
Full textThis research tends to explain that language is the best way to study and analyze the by gone people's civilizations and cultures. This study is mainly morphological and semantic analysis, as it is transmitted in ibn Sidah's muhassas. In this research, i used also a few up to date representations expressed by some terms as : mawt, halak, maniyya and theirs equivalents
Le, Maillot Aurélien. "Génies et démons en Mésopotamie et dans les régions limitrophes : Des origines à 539 av. J.-C." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010561.
Full textKaramerou, Eleni. "Bioprocessing strategies for the cultivation of oleaginous yeasts on glycerol." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/bioprocessing-strategies-for-the-cultivation-of-oleaginous-yeasts-on-glycerol(7a8cbfe6-b1e4-4910-a171-3a7990d862bd).html.
Full textTorres, Chavez Ivaldo. "Sistema de medida de la transmisión óptica de bajo coste con LED a 1.45 um: obtención del coeficiente de absorción del c-Si a altas temperaturas y monitorización in-situ de la recristalización de capas a-SiCx:H sobre c-Si." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8464.
Full textA partir de las medidas de transmisión óptica se ha obtenido el coeficiente de absorción y a través de este conocer la temperatura del substrato de c-Si:
Así como para conocer los mecanismos fundamentales que intervienen en el proceso de la absorción óptica (Banda a banda y Cargas libres). Se ha ampliado el modelo teórico de calculo del coeficiente de absorción para ajustar las medidas echas con el espectro de emisión de un LED.
El equipo construido se ha empleado para monitorizar in-situ la fase de cristalización de las capas de a-SiCx:H intrínsecas y dopadas con fósforo depositadas sobre substrato de c-Si. Los resultados obtenidos se han comparando con otras medidas ópticas que involucran técnicas diferentes: SEM, X-RD, FTIR, Monocromador, que confirman los resultados encontrados.
petigny, amaury. "La politique étrangère de l'Egypte au Proche-Orient de la fin du Nouvel Empire à Psammétique Ier, 1080-610." Paris, EPHE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPHE4036.
Full textThe foreign policy of Egypt in the Near East from the end of the New Kingdom to the reign of Psamtek I (1080-610) has been subject of little studies. Yet, the political processes which reshaped the Near- and Middle East, as well as te mutations which affect the Nile valley help to explain how the Pharaonic state adapted to a new context while maintaining the outlines of the foreign policy inherited from Ramses III. The freedom of action of the Libyan Dynasty inheriting the crown of Egypt is soon to be limited by the rise of Assyria which extends its rule up to the Egyptian border. The power relations evolved with the rise of power of the Kushites who size the throne of the Two Lands. In spite of their strengths and despite the prosperity they acquire by trading with the Eastern Mediterranean, the Kushites cannot compete against the Assyrians who do not delay to conquer Egypt. Relying on the Saite Kingdom, opponent to the Kushite power, the Assyrians promote the rise of a "national" dynasty, the former acting as a guarantor of political stability of Egypt and its eastern neighbours
Khan, Bénédicte. "L'exploitation artisanale des matières dures d'origine animale au Proche-Orient entre le IIIe s. av . J.-C. et le VIIe s. apr. J.-C. : une approche techno-économique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H012.
Full textFor a period covering Hellenistic to Protobyzantine times - and beyond -, bone, horn, ivory and turtle shell were used to produce a wide variety of items in the Near East. While these items are regularly uncovered on excavation sites, the production processes, as well as the craftsman's place in Hellenistic to Protobyzantine societies, are still poorly understood. To better assess them, collections from so-called artisanal contexts were studied using a technological approach. Set up from a Prehistorian-developed method and based on the concept of the technique as an elementary action on the material, this multidisciplinary approach aims to put the craftsman and his ways of working back into the economic and social context of the society he lives in. Through the study of written, archaeozoological, and technological sources, we searched to understand the relationships not only between the craftsman and the materials he works with, but also between him and the other actors involved with animal materials, as well as to determine his place in the society he is part of
Yasrebi, Amir Bijan. "Determination of an ultimate pit limit utilising fractal modelling to optimise NPV." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/18449.
Full textMartínez, García Herminio. "Diseño CMOS de un filtro de tiempo continuo con sistema de sintonía automática." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6328.
Full textEl objetivo global de la presente tesis doctoral consiste en el estudio de la incorporación de las características de sintonizabilidad y ajuste en estructuras integradas analógicas de tiempo continuo para filtrado de señal. La tesis se ha concentrado en el diseño, implementación, caracterización experimental y modelizado de un sistema de sintonía automática para un filtro pasa-banda de tiempo continuo que permite la sintonía tanto de su frecuencia central como de su factor de calidad.
A tenor de las motivaciones, los antecedentes históricos y la contextualización en el estado del arte, se han planteado como principales objetivos particulares del presente trabajo de investigación los siguientes aspectos:
- Partiendo de una topología de filtrado MOSFET-C fijada al comienzo de la tesis, proponer una mejora de la estructura original para conseguir independizar los lazos de control de la frecuencia central y del factor de calidad y obtener una estructura completamente balanceada. Asimismo se pretende incorporar la célula MRC (MOS Resistive Circuit) a la topología de manera que permita el control electrónico de los parámetros de la misma.
- Obtener un modelo completo de la estructura MRC, que contemple todos los aspectos posibles de su comportamiento no lineal.
- Diseñar y realizar un filtro microelectrónico analógico de tiempo continuo con sintonía automática on-chip, con el consiguiente proceso de integración sobre silicio de estas estructuras mediante herramientas CAD, y su posterior validación funcional a través tanto de resultados de simulación post-layout como de resultados experimentales en el laboratorio.
- Como último objetivo, se considera la propuesta de un proceso sistemático y general para el modelizado en pequeña señal de filtros con capacidad de sintonía automática, con el fin de realizar un estudio de estabilidad local del sistema. Dicho estudio genérico se pretende complementar con el diseño de los controladores para los lazos de control de la frecuencia central y del factor de calidad del filtro particular presentado en la presente tesis.
METODOLOGÍA, FASES DEL TRABAJO Y RESULTADOS.
La metodología ha consistido en enmarcar históricamente el trabajo realizado en técnicas de filtrado, así como presentar la situación actual del estado del arte, incluyendo explícitamente una revisión de los diversos métodos de sintonía que en los últimos años han aparecido publicados. El estudio se acompaña de una crítica sobre los métodos analizados, donde se ponen de relieve los puntos fuertes y débiles que se han observado.
A continuación se ha llevado a cabo un estudio detallado del comportamiento y modelizado del MRC, para así conocer con exactitud los efectos no deseados que puede presentar esta célula, y prever cómo influirán sobre las características del filtro de tiempo continuo a sintonizar. Por un lado, se ha determinado el comportamiento no lineal de la célula MRC, y se ha puesto de manifiesto cómo el popular modelo BSIM3 no modeliza adecuadamente el transistor MOS, pues muestra un comportamiento no simétrico que no corresponde con la natural simetría de la célula. Se ha propuesto, tras el estudio de modelos alternativos al BSIM3 para el transistor como es el caso del EKV, una modificación del modelo BSIM3 que permite corregir la deficiencia detectada.
El estudio en profundidad del MRC que se presenta se ha concluido con la propuesta de un nuevo modelo para el mismo que no sólo contempla el efecto no lineal introducido por la no igualdad de sus terminales de salida, sino también el efecto de la movilidad no constante de los portadores, función del campo eléctrico transversal en el transistor MOS. Este estudio ha permitido además obtener unas recomendaciones de diseño para circuitos que incluyan la célula MRC, de las que la más destacada es la necesidad de ser usado en circuitos completamente balanceados (fully-balanced).
A continuación se ha realizado el estudio, diseño e implementación de un filtro pasa-banda CMOS de segundo orden con su sistema de ajuste on-chip. Se propone la modificación introducida en el filtro TQE (Transimpedance Q-Enhancement) que permite independizar el proceso de sintonía del factor de calidad de la sintonía de su frecuencia central. Se han descrito los lazos de sintonía de frecuencia y factor de calidad implementados, con detalles sobre aquellos bloques novedosos que se plantean en la presente tesis, como son la realización de los detectores de amplitud con células multiplicadoras MRC, o la propuesta de un circuito desfasador que permite realizar un desfase de -90º a una frecuencia sintonizable a través de una tensión de control.
Seguidamente se han presentado las simulaciones pertinentes y los resultados experimentales que corroboran la funcionalidad del prototipo del filtro diseñado con sus correspondientes lazos de sintonía, que se ha implementado en una tecnología CMOS de 0.8 m. Los resultados han permitido validar la funcionalidad del filtro y su sistema de autoajuste tanto en frecuencia como en factor de calidad.
Finalmente se ha propuesto el proceso sistemático general para el modelizado lineal en pequeña señal de filtros analógicos de tiempo continuo que posean capacidad de sintonía automática mediante ajuste de sus constantes de tiempo, y recoge el caso particular del modelizado lineal para pequeña señal del conjunto filtro más lazos de control considerado en la presente tesis, con el fin de realizar un estudio de estabilidad local alrededor del punto de trabajo. A partir de dicho modelo se proponen sendos controladores para la sintonía de frecuencia y del factor de calidad, que mejoran las prestaciones del sistema de sintonía automática.
CONCLUSIONES Y VALORACIÓN DE RESULTADOS.
Un resultado destacado que se deriva de este trabajo es el análisis detallado y la propuesta de un nuevo modelo para la célula MRC (MOS Resistive Circuit). El resultado de dicho estudio ha sido citado por R.L. Geiger et al. en Electronics Letters, vol. 37 (nº23): pp. 1386-1387, Noviembre del 2001 ([SCH01]).
Por otra parte, el análisis y diseño del filtro paso banda de segundo orden que se ha implementado en tecnología CMOS 0.8 m, y el estudio detallado de su comportamiento han permitido la realización de varias propuestas entre las que destacan la nueva estructura de filtrado basada en la denominada TQE, y el diseño de amplificadores operacionales y células MRC específicos para la aplicación requerida.
En cuanto a los lazos de sintonía que se han diseñado e implementado se pueden destacar las siguientes conclusiones y realizaciones:
- Se ha presentado una estructura consistente en un desfasador sintonizable, necesaria en la sintonía de frecuencia, que implementa un par polo-cero simétrico respecto el eje j del plano s, gracias, por un lado, a la fácil realización de resistencias negativas mediante la célula MRC y, por otro, a la posibilidad de sintonía del mismo.
- Se han propuesto y realizado comparadores con diferentes niveles de tensión de salida, según las necesidades de la situación en el circuito donde estén destinados.
- Se ha diseñado e implementado una estructura de sintonía que es eficaz y a la vez no excesivamente compleja comparada con la estructura del filtro principal, cuyos parámetros (frecuencia y factor de calidad) desean ser ajustados.
- Se ha utilizado el MRC como elemento multiplicador de cuatro cuadrantes, lo que conlleva, por una lado, una reducción en el área utilizada frente a otras alternativas posibles y una homogeneización del diseño global y, por otro lado, la posiblidad de trabajar a elevadas frecuencias.
- Se ha propuesto un nuevo lazo de control para la sintonización del factor de calidad Q. En dicho lazo se utiliza el MRC como multiplicador en lugar de detectores de pico para la realización de la detección de amplitud.
Para finalizar, uno de los resultados más destacables de la presente tesis es el proceso sistemático y general para el modelizado del conjunto filtro más lazos de control en pequeña señal que se propone. Este análisis tiene como objetivo permitir el estudio de estabilidad local del sistema de sintonía automática. La aproximación considera un modelo incremental linealizado, partiendo de la característica bilineal de este tipo de filtros adaptativos o con capacidad de sintonía, así como una modulación en banda base para tener en cuenta la naturaleza sinusoidal de la señal de referencia de entrada. Como ejemplo, el proceso de modelizado se ha particularizado al filtro integrado analógico que ha servido como circuito sintonizable para la implementación del sistema de sintonía automática propuesto en la presente tesis. A este respecto se ha completado el estudio con el diseño de sendos controladores para los lazos de control de la frecuencia central y del factor de calidad del filtro que mejoran las prestaciones del implementado inicialmente.
Continuidad de la investigación
Debido, por un lado, a la gran cantidad de aplicaciones que pueden llevar al uso de filtros de tiempo continuo, el rango frecuencial que éstos pueden alcanzar, la gran cantidad de topologías y técnicas a emplear que existen para su implementación y, por otro, a la problemática que conlleva su utilización, las posibles líneas futuras a seguir en sistemas de sintonía automática para los mismos son bastante amplias. Sin embargo, se pueden resumir las principales y más inminentes:
- En base al modelizado matemático del conjunto filtro más lazos de control planteado en la presente tesis, puede plantearse la búsqueda de sistemas de control adaptativos y controladores no lineales compatibles con las técnicas empleadas para la implementación de filtros de tiempo continuo, con el fin de realizar sistemas de sintonía más eficaces tanto en régimen estacionario como transitorio.
- La utilización de los lazos de control para nuevas estructuras de los filtros master y slave.
- A partir del diseño presentado en la presente tesis, realizar el estudio de las posibles modificaciones para poder plantear nuevos y mejores algoritmos de sintonía, así como su utilización en áreas más amplias del procesado analógico de la señal, como pueden ser:
- Diseños de estructuras amplificadoras de la señal con control automático de ganancia (AGC).
- Diseños de filtros autosintonizados para aplicaciones de filtrado en radiofrecuencia, como por ejemplo, filtros sintonizados para recepción de señales de radio, filtros programables para las etapas de filtrado en telefonía móvil de tercera generación, etc. A este respecto, hay que decir que ya se está trabajando ([ALA01a], [ALA01b]) en estructuras basadas en bancos de MRCs donde sus relaciones de aspecto (W/L) están convenientemente escaladas, y conllevan una programabilidad mixta digital y analógica, con el objetivo de incrementar el rango frecuencial de funcionamiento a través de la conmutación de un MRC a otro según la banda frecuencial donde ha de trabajar el sistema.
- Sistematizar la síntesis de topologías de filtrado a partir de las matrices obtenidas mediante el modelizado propuesto en la presente tesis, para obtener estructuras que proporcionen independencia entre la sintonía del factor de calidad y de la frecuencia natural del filtro.
N’Guyen-Van, Vincent. "Les guerres sévériennes en Orient (193-235)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H082.
Full textFrom 193 to 235, Severan emperors lead several wars in the Near East. These wars included all the type of conflicts known to the Ancient world : civil wars, local rebellions, defensive wars against the barbarians, raids into ennemy territory and territorial conquest. This dissertation discuss the political aspects of these conflicts from a chronological and geopolitical standpoint. It is composed of an analytical narration of the Severan wars in the East and a prosopography of the political actors of the area. The action of the Severan dynasty in Syria and Mesopotamia was rooted in Roman imperialism and expanded the Empire’s territory to its maximum. In doing so, the Severans destroyed the geopolitical equilibrium that had, so far, insured a relative degree of peace between Rome and the Parthian Empire. The Arsacid dynasty failed to stop the growth of Roman influence in Mesopotamia, the rise of the Sassanid in 224-226 rekindled the Achemenid ambitions and threatened the power structures established by Septimius Severus in the Near East. But the Severan age is not the breaking point of the High Empire, nor is it merely a transition between the Antonine age and the 3rd century crisis. The military system the Severan put in place in the East was heavily influenced by the Augustean military system and yet managed to repell the first Persian attack against Rome
López, Martínez Patricia. "Desarrollo de sistemas de tiempo real basados en componentes utilizando modelos de comportamiento reactivos." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Cantabria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10639.
Full textThe objective of this work is to define a methodology for the development of real-time component-based applications, focused on applications whose timing requirements are specified according to a reactive model of the timing behaviour. The methodology is built through a set of extensions that incorporate to the standard specifications, reference models and processes typical from the conventional components engineering, i.e. components without timing requirements, the data structures and the processes required for the specification, design and analysis of the aspects related to timing behaviour. The methodology relies on four main contributions:- The Mod-MAST modular modelling methodology, which allows building the real-time model of a component-based application by composing the models of the components that form it.- The RT-D&C extension of the Deployment and Configuration of Component-based Distributed Applications Specification of the OMG, which allows including metadata related to timing behaviour in the descriptors of components, execution platforms and applications.- The RT-CCM components technology, which is an extension of the standard Lightweight CCM Specification of the OMG that incorporates mechanisms to develop applications with predictable timing behaviour.- The Ada-CCM components technology has been developed. It is an implementation of the RT-CCM technology based on the Ada 2005 programming language.All these elements have been integrated in a complete real-time design process for component-based applications.
Chih-FengChen and 陳志峰. "Investigating the mechanisms of HSP-90 inhibitor-induced apoptosis of c-Kitnull GIST-62 cells." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68663821758963418557.
Full textΠέττα, Ευρυδίκη. "Μορφολογική εκτίμηση της έκφρασης του μεταγραφικού παράγοντα PPARγ και της συνομιλίας του (cross-talk) με το μεταγραφικό παράγοντα AP-1 κατά τη διαδικασία της καρκινογένεσης στα νεοπλάσματα εκ μεταβατικού επιθηλίου της ουροδόχου κύστης." Thesis, 2010. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/4290.
Full textBladder cancer is the fourth and tenth most common malignancy in men and women, respectively, and its incidence is increasing annually in the developed countries. Current prognostic parameters cannot predict with certainty the long-term outcome of bladder cancer and as a result there is a need to identify markers that may predict tumor behavior. Furthermore, given the limitations of current therapeutic options (surgery, chemotherapy or immunotherapy and radiotherapy), novel treatment strategies are very much needed. One such strategy targets transcription factors such as nuclear receptors and their upstream activators. Disruption of these transcription factors is a key element in the initiation and maintenance of a malignant phenotype. The nuclear receptor PPARγ is involved in controlling metabolism, cell growth, angiogenesis, and immune and inflammatory responses. In addition, it has also been suggested that it regulates tumor suppression as well as tumor promotion. RXRα is another member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, that partners PPARγ to form the DNA-binding complex. RXR ligands are already being used as chemopreventive agents in various types of cancer. The transcription factor AP-1 is formed by dimerization of Jun and Fos proteins and its activity is often associated with tumor progression. On the other hand, there is also evidence that AP-1 may enhance apoptosis. CBP is one of the most important transcriptional integrators. The competition of PPARγ and AP-1 for CBP is one of the multiple mechanisms that explain the negative PPARγ/AP-1 cross-talk. In the present study, we assessed separate and concurrent expression of the five factors (PPARγ, RXRα, p-c-Jun, c-Fos, CBP) in normal urothelium, precancerous lesions and urothelial carcinomas (UC). Clinical samples were derived from 88 patients who had undergone diagnostic biopsy or therapeutic excision of the bladder, the kidney or the ureter. Parafin section immunohistochemistry was utilized and relative expression was estimated in intracellular compartments, intraepithelial layers and histologic categories of urothelium. All five factors had mainly nuclear pattern of expression. P-c-jun was downregulated in patients older than 70 years old compared to younger ones, whereas age did not affect the expression of the rest four factors. PPARγ, CBP, p-c-Jun and c-Fos were upregulated towards tumorigenesis. PPARγ and CBP showed an inverse relationship with carcinoma level of differentiation. Moreover, PPARγ expression downregulated significantly in invasive tumors compared to non-invasive ones. On the contrary, RXRα expression did not vary significantly along the carcinogenesis course. The following correlations were based on coexpression analysis to reveal molecular interactions between the five factors. The established protective effect of PPARγ on urothelium was accompanied by concomitant RXRα, p-c-Jun and c-Fos moderate or strong expression. In detail, p-c-Jun’s increasing expression strengthened the positive relation of PPARγ with better differentiated, less invasive tumors, whereas c-Fos seemed to mildly lessen PPARγ’s favourable effect in urothelium differentiation. Statistically significant PPARγ upregulation in malignant tissues compared to normal urothelium and in non-invasive tumors compared to invasive ones is suppressed and finally cancelled by CBP’s increasing expression. PPARγ and AP-1 seemed to influence the negative relation of CBP with loss of differentiation and increase of malignant potential in UC, an observation that denotes a cross-talk between these molecular factors. Interestingly, most of the aforementioned correlations were noticed in patients older than 70 years old, but not all of them were plausible in younger patients. The results from the present study could lead to conclusions possibly applicable in chemoprevention and therapy strategies for urothelial carcinomas.
Masurowski, Frank. "Eine deutschlandweite Potenzialanalyse für die Onshore-Windenergie mittels GIS einschließlich der Bewertung von Siedlungsdistanzenänderungen." Doctoral thesis, 2016. https://repositorium.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/handle/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-2016071114613.
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