Academic literature on the topic 'BZO'

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Journal articles on the topic "BZO"

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Wu, Judy Z., Victor Ogunjimi, Mary Ann Sebastian, Di Zhang, Jie Jian, Jijie Huang, Yifan Zhang, Bibek Gautam, Timothy Haugan, and Haiyan Wang. "Enabling coherent BaZrO3 nanorods/YBa2Cu3O7−x interface through dynamic lattice enlargement in vertical epitaxy of BaZrO3/YBa2Cu3O7−x nanocomposites." Superconductor Science and Technology 35, no. 3 (February 4, 2022): 034001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ac4aff.

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Abstract One-dimensional c-axis-aligned BaZrO3 (BZO) nanorods are regarded as strong one-dimensional artificial pinning centers (1D-APCs) in BZO-doped YaBa2Cu3O7−x (BZO/YBCO) nanocomposite films. However, a microstructure analysis has revealed a defective, oxygen-deficient YBCO column around the BZO 1D-APCs due to the large lattice mismatch of ∼7.7% between the BZO (3a = 1.26 nm) and YBCO (c = 1.17 nm), which has been blamed for the reduced pinning efficiency of BZO 1D-APCs. Herein, we report a dynamic lattice enlargement approach on the tensile strained YBCO lattice during the BZO 1D-APCs growth to induce c-axis elongation of the YBCO lattice up to 1.26 nm near the BZO 1D-APC/YBCO interface via Ca/Cu substitution on single Cu-O planes of YBCO, which prevents the interfacial defect formation by reducing the BZO/YBCO lattice mismatch to ∼1.4%. Specifically, this is achieved by inserting thin Ca0.3Y0.7Ba2Cu3O7−x (CaY-123) spacers as the Ca reservoir in 2–6 vol.% BZO/YBCO nanocomposite multilayer (ML) films. A defect-free, coherent BZO 1D-APC/YBCO interface is confirmed in transmission electron microscopy and elemental distribution analyses. Excitingly, up to five-fold enhancement of J c (B) at magnetic field B= 9.0 T//c-axis and 65 K–77 K was obtained in the ML samples as compared to their BZO/YBCO single-layer (SL) counterpart’s. This has led to a record high pinning force density F p together with significantly enhanced B max at which F p reaches its maximum value F p,max for BZO 1D-APCs at B//c-axis. At 65 K, the F p,max ∼158 GN m−3 and B max ∼ 8.0 T for the 6% BZO/YBCO ML samples represent a significant enhancement over F p,max ∼ 36.1 GN m−3 and B max ∼ 5.0 T for the 6% BZO/YBCO SL counterparts. This result not only illustrates the critical importance of a coherent BZO 1D-APC/YBCO interface in the pinning efficiency, but also provides a facile scheme to achieve such an interface to restore the pristine pinning efficiency of the BZO 1D-APCs.
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Twan Chang, Hian, Ching Yee Fong, Keane Zhi Hao Lee, Ziteng Wang, Eric Chun Yong Chan, and Hooi Yan Moy. "Identification of urinary biomarkers of synthetic cannabinoids BZO-HEXOXIZID, BZO-POXIZID, 5F-BZO-POXIZID and BZO-CHMOXIZID from authentic urine samples in Singapore." Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique 34, no. 3 (September 2022): S100—S101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxac.2022.06.155.

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Chung, Jun Ki, Won Jeong Kim, Sung Gap Lee, and Cheol Jin Kim. "Growth and Characterization of BaZrO3 Buffer Layer for Textured YBCO Thin Films Growth on MgO (00l) Substrate." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 715–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.715.

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Superconducting YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO) films were grown on MgO single crystalline substrates using a BaZrO3 (BZO) buffer layer deposited by a pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Deposition condition has been optimized to obtain good epitaxial BZO film followed by deposition of YBCO superconducting films. The crystallinity and microstructure of epitaxial YBCO/ BZO/ MgO (00l) films were investigated by a two-dimensional x-ray diffraction and a field emission scanning electron microscope. The in-plane (φ-scan) measurements for the BZO films (200 ~ 500 nm thick) grown on MgO substrates revealed a narrow full width half maximum (0φ = 2o). The XRD results exhibited that YBCO films with a BZO buffer layer were well oriented in the [00l] direction perpendicular to the substrate surface. The BZO films also showed homogeneous and dense surface morphologies. By the deposition of a subsequent BZO buffer layer, YBCO was grown epitaxially on MgO with results showing a critical current density (Jc) of ~ 3.3 × 106 A/cm2 and a critical temperature (Tc) of 86 K.
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Skofronick, G. L., A. H. Carim, S. R. Foltyn, and R. E. Muenchausen. "Interfacial reaction products and film orientation in YBa2Cu3O7−x on zirconia substrates with and without CeO2 buffer layers." Journal of Materials Research 8, no. 11 (November 1993): 2785–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1993.2785.

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Thick film (1.2 μm) YBCO superconductors grown by pulsed laser deposition on unbuffered and CeO2-buffered single crystal (001)-oriented yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates have been investigated. YBCO and YSZ react to form BaZrO3 (BZO), whereas YBCO and CeO2 react to form BaCeO3. Reaction phases were examined by θ-2θ and four-circle x-ray diffraction and high resolution electron microscopy. Three orientation relationships identified for the unbuffered films were (i) (001)YBCO ‖ (011)BZO ‖ (001)YSZ with [110]YBCO ‖ [100]BZO ‖ [100]YSZ, (ii) (001)YBCO ‖ (001)BZO ‖ (001)YSZ with [110]YBCO ‖ [100]BZO ‖ [100]YSZ, and (iii) (001)YBCO ‖ (001)BZO ‖ (001)YSZ with [100]YBCO ‖ [100]BZO ‖ [100]YSZ. The results suggest that for films grown at typical deposition temperatures, YBCO epitaxy is established before the interfacial reaction occurs. The presence of BaCeO3 in buffered films grown at high temperatures (790 °C) was confirmed by θ-2θ scans and selected area diffraction patterns.
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Mohd Hapipi, Nurhidayah, Jee Lim, Soo Chen, Oon Lee, Abdul Shaari, Mohd Awang Kechik, Kean Lim, Kar Tan, Masato Murakami, and Muralidhar Miryala. "Comparative Study on AC Susceptibility of YBa2Cu3O7−δ Added with BaZrO3 Nanoparticles Prepared via Solid-State and Co-Precipitation Method." Crystals 9, no. 12 (December 9, 2019): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9120655.

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Polycrystalline samples of YBa2Cu3O7−δ (Y-123) added with x mol% of BaZrO3 (BZO) nanoparticles (x = 0.0, 2.0, 5.0, and 7.0) were synthesized using co-precipitation (COP) and solid-state (SS) method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed the formation of Y-123 and Y-211 as the major and minor phases, respectively. The samples prepared using COP method showed higher weight percentage of Y-123 phase (≤98%) compared to the SS samples (≤93%). A peak corresponding to BZO was also found in the samples added with BZO nanoparticles. The increasing intensity of the BZO peak as the BZO amount increased showed the increasing amount of the unreacted nanoparticles in the samples. Refinement of unit cell lattice parameters indicated that all the samples have an orthorhombic crystal structure and there is no orthorhombic-tetragonal phase transformation. As observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), all the samples showed randomly distributed grains with irregular shape. The average grain size for the pure sample prepared using COP method is smaller (0.30 µm) compared with that of the pure SS sample (1.24 µm). Addition of 7.0 mol% BZO led to an increase of average grain size to 0.50 μm and 2.71 μm for the COP and SS samples, respectively, indicating grain growth. AC susceptibility (ACS) measurement showed a decrease in the onset critical temperature, Tc-onset with BZO addition. Comparatively, Tc-onset for the COP samples is higher than that of the SS samples. The value of Josephson’s current, Io increased up to 2.0 mol% BZO addition, above which the Io decreased more drastically for the SS samples. The value of Io is 53.95 μA and 32.08 μA for the 2.0 mol% BZO added SS and COP samples, respectively. The decrease of Io is attributed to the distribution of BZO particles at the grain boundaries as also reflected in the drastic decrease of phase lock-in temperature, Tcj. As a result of smaller average grain size, the presence of more grain boundaries containing insulating BZO particles led to lower Io in the COP samples.
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Bretos, Iñigo, Theodor Schneller, Martina Falter, Michael Bäcker, Eugen Hollmann, Roger Wördenweber, Leopoldo Molina-Luna, Gustaaf Van Tendeloo, and Oliver Eibl. "Solution-derived YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) superconducting films with BaZrO3 (BZO) nanodots based on reverse micelle stabilized nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 16 (2015): 3971–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tc02543a.

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Aye, Moe M., Elmeri Rivasto, Mukarram Z. Khan, H. Rijckaert, H. Palonen, H. Huhtinen, Isabel Van Driessche, and P. Paturi. "Multilayering BZO nanocolumns with different defect densities for YBCO high field applications." New Journal of Physics 23, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 113031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac3682.

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Abstract The multilayer structures of alternating superconducting YBCO films doped with different BZO nanocolumn densities were utilized. We show that using 50 nm thick layers increases J c in the whole angular range by maximum 40% as compared with 200 nm single layer BZO-doped or multilayers with smaller thickness. Multilayering is found to be most effective at high magnetic fields and temperatures. These results indicate that demonstrated multilayer structures are extremely attractive for various electrical power applications in the foreseeable future. The experimental outcomes are thoroughly discussed with the mechanisms of crystalline quality and flux pinning in YBCO with different BZO nanorod densities multilayers of varying thicknesses.
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Yoo, H. J., C. G. Son, J. H. Yoo, C. K. Park, J. S. Kim, S. G. Park, H. D. Kang, E. H. Choi, G. S. Cho, and G. C. Kwon. "Influence of O2-Plasma Treatment on the Thin Films of H2Post-Treated BZO (ZnO:B)." Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society 19, no. 4 (July 30, 2010): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5757/jkvs.2010.19.4.275.

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MOHANTA, A., S. DASH, and D. BEHERA. "THERMALLY ACTIVATED FLUX CREEP AND CURRENT CONDUCTION IN YBCO + BZO COMPOSITES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 25, no. 03 (January 30, 2011): 387–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979211057888.

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BaZrO 3 submicron powder obtained from chemical route was added to YBCO for preparation of YBCO + xBZO (x = 0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10 rm wt%) composites samples. The X-ray peak profile analyses and the scanning electron microscopy have indicated that the mean powder size for BZO ranges from 500 to 800 nm. In fact, the presence of BZO brings about a significant modification in the microstructure of the composites. The resistive transition in presence of magnetic field (0–8 T) was investigated. With application of magnetic field, Tc0 decreases significantly, suggesting that grain boundaries (Josephson junctions) are affected more than the grains (Abrikosov junctions). Activation energy is found dependent not only on the particle size, but also on penetration depth and decreases with increasing doping concentration of BZO submicron size particles in contrast to what has been recently observed by M. Safonchik et al. with grain sizes of 40 nm BZO. It has also been observed by H. Shakeripour, M. Akhavan [Supercond. Sci. Technol.14, 234 (2001)] and Gamchi et al. [Phys. Rev. B50, 12950 (1994)] that the activation energy depends not only on the temperature and magnetic field, but also on the doping concentration.
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Yang, Ling, Yu Pei Zhang, Ji Wen Xu, and Hua Wang. "Deposition and Characterization of Boron Doped ZnO Thin Films by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 475-476 (December 2013): 1280–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.475-476.1280.

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Boron doped ZnO (BZO) thin films were deposited on glass substrate by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method using zinc acetylacetonate and boric acid. The structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of BZO thin films under various doping level of boron and substrate temperature were investigated. The results show that zinc acetylacetonate is helpful to deposit BZO thin films at low temperature. The morphology of grains at low and high substrate temperature is circular and flake-like. The preferred orientation along (101) plane is obvious at 360 °C. The doping level and substrate temperature have remarkable influence on sheet resistance, but little impact on visible transmittance. The optimal sheet resistance of 173 Ω/sq and average visible transmittance of above 80% can be achieved at doping level of 5 at% and growth temperature of 340 °C.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "BZO"

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Carvalho, Jesiel Freitas. "Crescimento e caracterização de monocristais fotorreativos: BSO e BTO." Universidade de São Paulo, 1994. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-14012009-093345/.

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Neste trabalho crescemos monocristais de Bi12SiO20 (BSO) e de Bi12TiO20 (BTO). Os cristais de BSO foram crescidos pela técnica de Czochralski a partir da fase líquida com composição molar 6Bi2O3:1SiO2. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos para taxas de puxamento entre 1 e 2,5mm/h, a velocidade de rotação foi mantida constante em 20rpm. Os cristais de BTO foram crescidos pelo método top-seeded solution Growth (TSSG) a partir da composição molar 10Bi2O3:1SiO2, com taxas de puxamento menores que 0,3mm/h e velocidade de rotação entre 16 e 30 rpm. A qualidade dos cristais foi avaliada utilizando microscopia óptica e eletrônica, corrosão seletiva e raios-x. Por microscopia óptica identificamos os defeitos macroscópicos e discutimos sua natureza e possíveis causas. Utilizando a técnica de ataque químico seletivo, analisamos a morfologia das figuras de ataque e estimamos a densidade de deslocações. Visando identificar defeitos de estequiometria, fizemos medidas de composição por microanálise eletrônica. Para a caracterização cristalográfica, calculamos o parâmetro de rede por difração de raios-x usando o método do pó e confirmamos a estrutura cristalográfica através do método de Rietveld. E, ainda, medimos a atividade óptica que é uma constante característica dos cristais.
In this work we grew Bi12SiO20 (BSO) and Bi12TiO20 single crystals. The BSO crystals have been grown from the melt composition of 6Bi2O3:1SiO2 by the Czochralski method. The best results were obtained at pulling rates from 1 to 2.5m/h, the rotation rate of 20rpm was constant. The BTO crystals have been grown by the top-seeded solution growth technique from a 10Bi2O3:1SiO2 solution with pulling rates less than 0.3mm/h and rotation rates from 16 to 30rpm. The crystal quality was examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy, selective etching, and x-ray diffraction. We identified the macroscopic defects by optical microscopy and discussed their nature and probable origin. Using selective etching, we analyzed the etching pits morphology and evaluated the dislocation density. To identify stoichiometric defects, composition measurements by electron probe microanalysis were made. To obtain crystallographic characterization, we calculated the cell parameter by powder method x-ray diffraction and used the Rietveld method to verify the crystallographic structure. And, also, we measured the optical activity, a constant of the crystals.
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Beaver, Santibañez Stephany. "Mercado de difusión cultural de la región del Bío Bio, Concepción." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/143475.

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Memoria para optar al título de Arquitecto
Este documento presenta el desarrollo del proyecto de título “Mercado de difusión cultural de la Región del Bío Bio”, ubicado en la ciudad de Concepción. Construído en 1940 tras el terremoto que azotó a la ciudad el año 1939, es un ejemplo único de Arquitectura Moderna en Chile. Su estructura y espacialidad interior, dotaron de un espacio de calidad a la ciudad donde habitantes de la región crearon momentos e historia. El proyecto se basa en la rehabilitación del actual Mercado, el cual se encuentra en estado de abandono tras el incendio que imposibilitó su uso desde Abril del año 2013. A pesar de ser declarado Monumento Histórico, su deterioro se ha acelerado, convirtiéndose en un “punto negro” dentro de la ciudad. Es por esto, que la generación de un proyecto que promueva y difunda el patrimonio cultural, y que revitalice una zona en particular son los principales propósitos que la intervención busca, tanto desde el aspecto físico como desde el aspecto cognitivo de sus usuarios. Esto, mediante la representación del patrimonio cultural local de la región del Bío Bio dentro de la edificación, generando una conexión entre el legado cultural regional y la edificación.
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Lubega, George W. (George Willy). "Benzimidazole (BZ) resistance in Haemonchus controtus : specific interactions of BZs with tubulin." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=70203.

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The mechanism of benzimidazole (BZ) anthelmintic resistance in Haemonchus contortus was investigated. The total binding (TB), low-affinity binding (LAB) and high-affinity (specific) binding (HAB) of ($ sp3$H) BZs (mebendazole (MBZ), oxibendazole (OBZ), albendazole (ABZ) and oxfendazole (OFZ)) in supernatants derived from BZ-susceptible (S) and BZ-resistant (R) strains were examined and compared. The TB of all ($ sp3$H) BZs was reduced for the R strain. The TB of OBZ, MBZ and ABZ was separated into LAB and HAB. However, OFZ bound with low-affinity. The binding affinity, K$ sb{ rm a},$ and maximum binding, B$ sb{ rm max},$ for the HAB of OBZ and MBZ were calculated using computer programs. Compared with the S strain, the B$ sb{ rm max}$ of the R strain was reduced but the K$ sb{ rm a}$ was not affected. LAB to parasite preparations devoid of tubulin was observed but HAB occurred to preparations containing tubulin only. The HAB per mg protein decreased from egg through larva to adult stage. It was shown by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis that the tubulin content per mg protein decreased from egg, through larva to adult worm. The ability of various BZs--OBZ, MBZ, ABZ, OFZ, fenbendazole (FBZ), albendazole sulphoxide (ABZSO), albendazole sulphone (ABZSO$ sb2),$ and thiabendazole (TBZ)--to bind tubulin was compared by displacement analysis and their IC$ sb{50}$ ( (BZ) required to inhibit 50% of the ($ sp3$H) BZ binding) and K$ sb{ rm a}$ values were determined. The IC$ sb{50}$ and K$ sb{ rm a}$ values approximately correlated with the known anthelmintic potency (recommended therapeutic doses) of the BZs except for OFZ and ABZSO. Tubulin bound BZs at 4$ sp circ$C with lower K$ sb{ rm a}$ than at 37$ sp circ$C. Western blot of tubulin separated by 2-dimensional electrophoresis showed that the $ beta$-tubulin isoform pattern of the S and R strains were dissimilar whil
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Valencia, M. Nicolás. "Estación metamodal Bio Bio." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/116944.

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Arquitecto
Definido como instrumento de implementación de la próxima Política Nacional de Transporte, el actual plan interministerial de movilidad para el Gran Santiago (PMTS 2025) considera más de 20 iniciativas públicas y privadas entre Metro, tranvías, trenes interurbanos, ciclovías, corredores Transantiago y un teleférico, totalizando 45 potenciales nodos intermodales en 17 comunas santiaguinas. Esta inversión es una oportunidad para reflejar una nueva relación dialéctica entre transporte y espacio urbano, a través del replanteamiento de la concepción y diseño de infraestructuras multimodales, abordando así su actual desconexión de la estructura urbana en la que se insertan y anticipando posibles consecuencias en las dinámicas locales de desarrollo. En el barrio Biobío se proyectaría una combinación intermodal entre la metroestación homónima (L6) y la línea de pre-Metro trazada por el eje Santa Rosa, convirtiendo al sector, a través de este eje metropolitano, en portal de acceso sur a la comuna capital. Asimismo, se advierte una nula protección normativa del barrio, fortaleciendo las expectativas de densificación residencial de municipios adyacentes y especulaciones inmobiliarias detenidas desde avenida Matta hacia el sur, amenazando la reconocida identidad comercial y social del barrio. Este escenario motiva a plantear una Estación Metamodal (“una interconexión más allá de los modos”, como se explicará) desglosada en tres escalas de acción (predio, radio de influencia y hemisferios), debido al impacto e influencia recíproca tanto en las dinámicas de desarrollo como en los patrones de desplazamientos (inter)locales. La propuesta arquitectónica propiamente tal consiste en el reacondicionamiento de un centenario galpón y sus predios contiguos, a intervenir bajo estrategias de diseño inspiradas en las decisiones locales de ocupación comercial de galpones y galerías interiores, y reconociendo la jerarquía de los flujos locales categorizados (vitrineo/conexión). Más allá de los clichés, ambos reflejan el patrimonio intangible local. Asimismo, la Estación también sumará metraje comercial y suplirá la carencia de espacios públicos de ocio (simultáneidad, temporalidad y diversidad) y suturará ambos hemisferios del barrio -amenazados por el corredor Transantiago Santa Rosa-, definiendo estrategias preliminares de intervención urbanística y de estructuración vial.
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Palma, Elena <1994&gt. "I conflitti ambientali nel territorio Mapuche-Pehuenche dell'Alto Bio-Bío, Cile: pratiche di cura tra movimenti indigeni e fiumi." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/18579.

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Ricerca etnografica nel territorio indigeno Pehuenche dell'Alto Bio-Bío (Cile) che mira a mettere in connessione i conflitti ambientali che interessano il territorio con le pratiche di difesa dei fiumi messe in atto da diversi movimenti indigeni e non, nel contesto passato come in quello presente. Particolare attenzione viene posta alle relazioni reciproche di cura, parentela e protezione che emergono da queste pratiche e interessano soggetti umani e non-umani.
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Lim, Bao Tung Michelle. "Performing morality : a framework for assessing the moral significance of selected works of postdramatic performance." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/76539/1/Bao%20Tung%20Michelle_Lim_Thesis.pdf.

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This study examines the relationship between aesthetic and moral dimensions of postdramatic performance (PdP) with specific reference to two case studies: The Power of Theatrical Madness (1984) by Jan Fabre; and Inferno (2008) by Romeo Castellucci. These two cases were selected based on Lehmann's (1999/2006) "Postdramatic Theatre" theoretical framework by identifying various aspects of PdP: text, space, time, body and media. There are three primary objectives in this research project: (1) to examine if the selected works of PdP have moral functions; (2) identify these moral functions; and (3) establish a suitable framework to examine and assess the moral significance of the selected works.
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Toledo, Arquero Hugo Andrés. "Análisis de tendencias de mediano plazo para precipitaciones y volúmenes de escorrentía de deshielo, entre los valles del Huasco y Bio-Bío." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/136451.

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Ingeniero Civil
Diversos estudios que hacen referencia al conocido efecto de cambio climático, indican que el aumento de las concentraciones de gases de efecto invernadero producto de actividades humanas, implicará aumentos en las temperaturas y disminuciones de las precipitaciones, impactando negativamente la disponibilidad del preciado recurso hídrico. El presente trabajo de título consiste en desarrollar un análisis de tendencias de mediano plazo de las precipitaciones, caudales de escorrentía y volúmenes de escorrentía de deshielo de la zona central de Chile, comprendida entre los Valles del Huasco y del Biobío, que permita estimar la oferta del recurso hídrico y sirva como antecedente para la toma de decisiones de mediano plazo en proyectos de ingeniería civil (20 a 30 años). Este análisis busca determinar la existencia (o no) de tendencias persistentes o ciclos en las series históricas de las variables de estudio, en aquellas cuencas nivo-pluviales que presenten control fluviométrico por parte de la Dirección General de Aguas. Se han excluido las cuencas costeras, ya que éstas poseen pocas estaciones de medición y no presentan suficientes registros. Los estadísticos utilizados en el análisis corresponden a curvas dobles acumuladas y medias móviles de períodos de 7 años. Los resultados de los análisis de tendencias realizados, evidenciaron, para la zona comprendida entre los valles del Huasco y del Choapa, una disminución en la magnitud de las precipitaciones totales anuales, la cual varía entre un 11% para el valle del Limarí y hasta un 55% en el Valle del Huasco. Además, los caudales medios han disminuido entre un 30% y un 40% para todo el sector, junto a una manifestación más temprana del período de deshielo. Por su parte, los valles del Aconcagua, Maipo y Rapel han sufrido una disminución de precipitaciones que bordea el 25%, mientras que los caudales han disminuido entre un 5% y un 20%. No se observan tendencias persistentes a un adelantamiento de los caudales en el período de deshielo. Finalmente, los valles del Maule y Biobío no presentan variaciones significativas en cuanto a los regímenes de precipitaciones y de escorrentía, y no se observan tendencias de adelantamiento de caudales en el período de deshielo.
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Rahikainen, Mika. "Evaluation and management of the Finnish herring fishery." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2005. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/bio/bioja/vk/rahikainen/evaluati.pdf.

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Thesis (Doctoral)--Helsingin yliopisto, 2005.
Tiivistelmäosa ja 5 julkaisua Includes bibliographical references. Saatavana myös elektronisena (ISBN 952-10-2740-1 pdf), Available in PDF format via the World Wide Web. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi
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Jiao, Chaoying. "Miscible displacements in porous media with variation of fluid density and viscosity /." [Karlsruhe] : Die Universität, 2001. http://www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/vvv/2002/bio-geo/1/.

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Thesis (Doctoral)--Universität Karlsruhe, 2001.
Abstract in German. Hochschulschrift = Thèse/Mémoire. Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-133). Also available via the World Wide Web. http://www.ubka.uni-karlsruhe.de/indexer-vvv/2002/bio-geo/1
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Gordon, Christal. "Bio-inspired, bio-compatible, reconfigurable analog CMOS circuits." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37222.

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This work details CMOS, bio-inspired, bio-compatible circuits which were used as synapses between an artificial neuron and a living neuron and between two living neurons. An intracellular signal from a living neuron was amplified, an integrate-and-fire neuron was used as a simple processing element to detect the spikes, and an artificial synapse was used to send outputs to another living neuron. The key structure is an electronic synapse which is based around a floating-gate pFET. The charge on the floating-gate is analogous to the synaptic weight and can be modified. This modification can be viewed as similar to long-term potentiation and long-term depression. The modification can either be programmed (supervised learning) or can adapt to the inputs (unsupervised learning). Since the technology to change the floating-gate weight has greatly improved, these weights can be set quickly and accurately. Intrinsic floating-gate learning rules were explored and the ability to change the synaptic weight was shown.
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Books on the topic "BZO"

1

Center, Buddhist Digital Resource. Bzo rig gsal baʼi rgyan. Khotla-panjola, h.p: Gʹyung drung bon gyi bshad sgrub ʼdus sde, 2006.

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sgrub, skyes sar klu. bod kyi srol rgyun bzo rig. Dharamsala, h.p: Bod kyi dpe mdzod khang, 2007.

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Bzo gnas skra rtseʼi chu thigs. [Pe-cin]: Kruṅ-goʼi Bod kyi śes rig dpe skrun khaṅ, 1994.

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Phur-bu-tshe-ring. Bod lugs khyim chas bzo stangs. Pe-cin: Mi rigs dpe skrun khang, 2019.

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Skyes-sar, Klu-sgrub, and Library of Tibetan Works & Archives., eds. Bod kyi srol rgyun bzo rig. Dharamsala, H.P: Bod kyi dpe mdzod khaṅ, 2007.

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Bzo mchog lhad mo kun mthoṅ. Chʼang-tu: Si-khron mi rigs dpe skrun khaṅ, 2000.

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Tshe-riṅ-dpal-ʼbyor, ed. Bzo rig ñer mkho bdams bsgrigs. [Lhasa]: Bod-ljoṅs Bod yig dpe rñiṅ dpe skrun khaṅ, 1990.

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bzo gnas skra rtse'i chu thigs. 2nd ed. Pe cin: Krung go'i bod rig pa dpe skrun khang, 2002.

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rgya-mtsho, Mi-pham. Bzo gnas ñer mkhoʼi za ma tog. Zi-liṅ: Mtsho-sṅon mi rigs dpe skrun khaṅ, 1993.

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Tibet (China). Gong shang xing zheng guan li ju, ed. Xizang gong shang: Bod ljoṅs bzo tshoṅ khe. Beijing: Gong shang chu ban she, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "BZO"

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Guelachvili, G. "108 B2O (BBO)." In Linear Triatomic Molecules, 224. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74187-9_41.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "bio..., Bio..." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_1157.

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Gehring, Petra. "Bio-Politik/Bio-Macht." In Foucault-Hanbuch, 230–32. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-01378-1_24.

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Gehring, Petra. "Bio-Politik/Bio-Macht." In Foucault-Handbuch, 266–67. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05717-4_49.

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Fischer, R. X., and W. H. Baur. "BOZ." In Zeolite-Type Crystal Structures and their Chemistry. 41 New Framework Type Codes, 97–115. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41452-7_6.

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Villars, P., K. Cenzual, J. Daams, R. Gladyshevskii, O. Shcherban, V. Dubenskyy, N. Melnichenko-Koblyuk, et al. "B2O." In Landolt-Börnstein - Group III Condensed Matter, 288. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44752-8_213.

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Villars, P., K. Cenzual, J. Daams, R. Gladyshevskii, O. Shcherban, V. Dubenskyy, N. Melnichenko-Koblyuk, et al. "BiO." In Landolt-Börnstein - Group III Condensed Matter, 653. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44752-8_545.

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Leung, Alexander K. C., Marcus Schmitt, Christie P. Thomas, Cord Sunderkötter, Meinhard Schiller, Thomas Schwarz, Mark Berneburg, et al. "BXO." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, 262. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_5004.

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Charisius, Hanno, Richard Friebe, and Sascha Karberg. "Kapitel 10: Bio-Bürger, Bio-Terror, Bio-Zukunft." In Biohacking, 244–65. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446435544.010.

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Bacci, Pier Antonio. "Bio-Lifting and Bio-Resurfacing." In Advanced Surgical Facial Rejuvenation, 315–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17838-2_28.

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Conference papers on the topic "BZO"

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Kalenyuk, A. A., A. L. Kasatkin, A. I. Rebikov, V. O. Moskalyuk, V. S. Flis, V. L. Svechnikov, C. G. Tretiatchenko, and V. M. Pan. "Microwave properties of high-temperature superconducting YBCO(BZO) thin films with admixture nano-particles." In 2010 International Kharkov Symposium on Physics and Engineering of Microwaves, Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves (MSMW). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msmw.2010.5546165.

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Wilde, J. P., L. Hesselink, S. W. McCahon, M. B. Klein, D. Rytz, and B. A. Wechsler. "Measurement of Electro-Optic and Electrogyratory Effects in BTO (Bi12TiO20)." In Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.ap2.

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One group of promising photorefractive materials is the sillenites, which include Bi12SiO20 (BSO), Bi12GeO20 (BGO) and Bi12TiO20 (BTO). These materials are cubic, noncentrosymmetric and optically active. Although BTO shares a common structure with BSO and BGO, it has several advantages over the latter materials for photorefractive applications, including smaller optical activity, larger electro-optic coefficient and improved sensitivity in the red spectral region.1
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Yoo, Ha Jin, Chang Gil Son, Eun Ha Choi, Guangsup Cho, Gi Chung Kwon, Won Tea Cho, and Sang Gi Park. "Influence of O2 plasma treatment on H2 post-treated BZO thin films for TCO of a-Si solar cell." In 2010 IEEE 37th International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2010.5534131.

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Rytz, D., M. B. Klein, B. A. Wechsler, R. N. Schwartz, and K. W. Kirby. "Growth and characterization of photorefractive Bi12TiO2Ø (BTO)." In Photorefractive Materials. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/prm.1987.wb4.

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Bi12TiO2Ø (BTO) is an isomorph of Bi12SiO2Ø (BSO) and Bi12GeO2Ø (BGO). Each material is cubic (point group 23) and exhibits interesting photorefractive properties. BTO, although much less extensively investigated, has several specific advantages, namely its lower optical activity by a factor of 3.5 compared to BSO and BGO [1], its larger electro-optic coefficient [2,3], and its higher sensitivity at 633 nm [4]. In recent years, Petrov and coworkers [4] have demonstrated very high values of beam coupling gain and diffraction efficiency at 633 nm in BTO using anisotropic scattering and the ac-field effect.
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Riehemann, S., F. Rickermańn, G. von Bally, A. V. Egorysheva, and V. V. Volkov. "The Influence of Different Dopands on the Photorefractive Properties of BTO Crystals." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1996.ctuk36.

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Sillenite type crystals like BSO, BGO, and BTO are well known for their large photoconductivity, but they also show very small electrooptic coefficients and a large optical activity. So the resulting diffraction efficiency is rather small. To overcome these disadvantages different dopands can be used. In this contribution we present investigations on BTO crystals doped with different contents of calcium, gallium, cadmium and vanadium.
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Klein, M. B., F. P. Strohkendl, B. A. Wechsler, G. A. Brost, J. E. Millerd, and E. M. Garmire. "Large Signal Gain Effects in Photorefractive Bi12TiO20 at 633 nm." In Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1991.tuc19.

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Bi12TiO20 (BTO) is a photorefractive material in the same structural class (sillenite) as Bi12SiO20 (BSO) and Bi12GiO20 (BGO). However, BTO offers some unique advantages over BSO and BGO: (1) larger electro-optic coefficient (5.7 pm/V)1, and (2) lower optical activity (6°/mm at 633 nm)1, 2. Previous photorefractive measurements3,4 have shown that gain coefficients on the order of 10-15 cm−1 can be produced through the use of an applied AC field. In this work we show that the largest gain values can only be obtained for large values of the pump/probe intensity ratio β. As β approaches unity (large signal regime), higher spatial order gratings become prominent, and the gain is reduced from its large-β value.5−8 Our results are similar to those obtained by other researchers for BSO5 and GaAs6 with an applied field. We have analyzed this and related phenomena using a finite difference method to model the photorefractive grating formation. This method yields accurate numerical solutions which are valid for for all values of β.
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Bunina, L. K., A. Yu Kudzin, and G. Ch Sokoljansky. "Photoconductivity of BGO and BSO Crystals." In Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1993.thc.8.

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Krainak, Michael A. "Photorefractive charge migration in BSO: A comparison of the band transport and hopping models." In Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.bp9.

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There is a continued interest in the charge transport mechanism for the photorefractive effect, particularly in the sillenites (BSO, BGO, BTO)1,2. There are two prevalent models for the photoexcited charge migration, namely, the band transport theory and the hopping model3. In this paper we present a detailed comparison of the hopping and band transport models. We place the hopping model in the same framework as the band transport model. The hopping model is then modified to include an external electric field dependent time constant. This allows the development of an expression for the total electric space charge field for the condidtion of an externally applied alternating electric field. This expression is used in the electromagnetic coupled wave theory to predict the two wave mixing gain. Experimental and theoretical results are then compared. AC photoconductivity experimental results and theoretical predictions are also presented and compared.
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Prokofiev, Victor V., N. J. Heraldo Gallo, Jesiel F. Carvalho, and Antonio C. Hernandes. "Bi12SiO20 and Bi12TiO20 Photorefractive Single Crystals." In Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1993.thc.1.

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Huignard, J. P., and J. P. Herriau. "Efficient wave mixing in photorefractive BSO/BGO crystals and applications to optical signal processing." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.mg3.

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Photorefractive materials have been widely investigated for applications to optical signal processing; promising materials are sellenite type crystals Bi12SiO20 (BSO), Bi12GeO20 (BGO) in which fast response and high index modulation can be achieved in wave mixing experiments when the frequency of one beam is slightly shifted. This technique has resulted in large values of the exponential gain coefficient (Γ ≃ 8-12 cm-1) for optimized recording conditions (drift recording mode with an externally applied electric field E0). When the amplified incident or conjugate signal is fed back to the BSO, different types of oscillator are demonstrated in which the beam in the cavity is spontaneously frequency shifted. We review the conditions of efficient beam interaction with BSO-BGO crystals and demonstrate applications to image amplification, dynamic interconnection between fibers, ring and phase conjugate resonators. We also show that BSO-BGO crystals of different origins may exhibit significant differences in their photoconductive and photorefractive properties. This arises from noticeable differences in the migration lengths of the photocarriers and in the trapping center concentrations. We report high grating efficiencies (ηs ≃ 95%) when large electric fields (E0 ≃ 12 kV cm-1) are applied to low photoconductive crystals and nearly complete beam depletion in two-wave mixing with a moving grating (grating period Λ ≃ 20 μm).
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Reports on the topic "BZO"

1

Walther, John D., Peter A. Emanuel, Michael T. Goode, Peter A. Snyder, and Jerold R. Bottiger. Bio-Detector Assessment. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404950.

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Higashide, Wendy. Bio-Oxo Technology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1437008.

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Ali, Alee. Riz Ali bio. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1764174.

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Nguyen, Thi Dien, Thi Minh Hanh Nguyen, Thi Minh Khue Nguyen, and Ayako Ebata. Các chính sách cải thiện an ninh lương thực cho lao động di cư ở Việt Nam. Institute of Development Studies, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.025.

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Mặc dù kinh tế tăng trưởng nhanh chóng, lao động di cư ở Việt Nam, chiếm 7,3% số lao động nước ta, đang làm việc trong điều kiện bấp bênh và an ninh lương thực không đảm bảo, nay càng gặp khó khăn do các biện pháp kiểm soát phòng, chống dịch Covid. Do vậy, cần có biện pháp cấp bách nhằm cải thiện chế độ dinh dưỡng của người lao động di cư trong thời kỳ khủng hoảng và tăng khả năng chống chịu của họ đối với các cú sốc kinh tế trong tương lai, bằng cách: 1) các đối sách ngắn hạn nên quan tâm đến vấn đề dinh dưỡng; 2) cải thiện môi trường thực phẩm thông qua việc thực thi hiệu quả các chính sách hiện hành; 3) mở rộng phạm vi bao phủ của mạng lưới an sinh xã hội do Chính phủ cung cấp; và 4) cải cách pháp luật lao động để giảm tính dễ bị tổn thương của người lao động và tăng vị thế của họ trong quan hệ lao động.
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Thomas, Edwin L., Cohen Morris, and Rafal Mickiewicz. Bio-Derived Photonic Assemblies. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada430030.

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Petrovic, John J., and Carol Lynn Haertling. Beryllium Oxide (BeO) Handbook. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1635499.

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Evans, R. J., S. Czernik, R. French, and K. Magrini. Distributed Bio-Oil Reforming. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15016869.

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Davis, Russ E., Jeffrey T. Sherman, James K. Bishop, and Casey Moore. Autonomous Bio-Optical Instruments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627706.

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Davis, Russ E., and Jeffrey T. Sherman. Autonomous Bio-Optical Instruments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629110.

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Lu, J., A. Balachandra, and P. Soroushian. Bio-Inspired Dry Adhesives. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada579444.

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