Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bypass

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Academic literature on the topic 'Bypass'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Bypass"

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Abla, Adib A., Cameron M. McDougall, Jonathan D. Breshears, and Michael T. Lawton. "Intracranial-to-intracranial bypass for posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms: options, technical challenges, and results in 35 patients." Journal of Neurosurgery 124, no. 5 (2016): 1275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.5.jns15368.

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OBJECT Intracranial-to-intracranial (IC-IC) bypasses are alternatives to traditional extracranial-to-intracranial (EC-IC) bypasses to reanastomose parent arteries, reimplant efferent branches, revascularize branches with in situ donor arteries, and reconstruct bifurcations with interposition grafts that are entirely intracranial. These bypasses represent an evolution in bypass surgery from using scalp arteries and remote donor sites toward a more local and reconstructive approach. IC-IC bypass can be utilized preferentially when revascularization is needed in the management of complex aneurysms. Experiences using IC-IC bypass, as applied to posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms in 35 patients, were reviewed. METHODS Patients with PICA aneurysms and vertebral artery (VA) aneurysms involving the PICA’s origin were identified from a prospectively maintained database of the Vascular Neurosurgery Service, and patients who underwent bypass procedures for PICA revascularization were included. RESULTS During a 17-year period in which 129 PICA aneurysms in 125 patients were treated microsurgically, 35 IC-IC bypasses were performed as part of PICA aneurysm management, including in situ p3-p3 PICA-PICA bypass in 11 patients (31%), PICA reimplantation in 9 patients (26%), reanastomosis in 14 patients (40%), and 1 V3 VA-to-PICA bypass with an interposition graft (3%). All aneurysms were completely or nearly completely obliterated, 94% of bypasses were patent, 77% of patients were improved or unchanged after treatment, and good outcomes (modified Rankin Scale ≤ 2) were observed in 76% of patients. Two patients died expectantly. Ischemic complications were limited to 2 patients in whom the bypasses occluded, and permanent lower cranial nerve morbidity was limited to 3 patients and did not compromise independent function in any of the patients. CONCLUSIONS PICA aneurysms receive the application of IC-IC bypass better than any other aneurysm, with nearly one-quarter of all PICA aneurysms treated microsurgically at our center requiring bypass without a single EC-IC bypass. The selection of PICA bypass is almost algorithmic: trapped aneurysms at the PICA origin or p1 segment are revascularized with a PICA-PICA bypass, with PICA reimplantation as an alternative; trapped p2 segment aneurysms are reanastomosed, bypassed in situ, or reimplanted; distal p3 segment aneurysms are reanastomosed or revascularized with a PICA-PICA bypass; and aneurysms of the p4 segment that are too distal for PICA-PICA bypass are reanastomosed. Interposition grafts are reserved for when these 3 primary options are unsuitable. A constructive approach that preserves the PICA with direct clipping or replaces flow with a bypass when sacrificed should remain an alternative to deconstructive PICA occlusion and endovascular coiling when complete aneurysm occlusion is unlikely.
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Finlay, Erik, Sam Palmer, Benjamin Abes, Benjamin Abo, and Jennifer Fishe. "Clinical, Operational, and Socioeconomic Analysis of EMS Bypass of the Closest Facility for Pediatric Asthma Patients." Western Journal of Emergency Medicine 22, no. 4 (2021): 972–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2021.4.50382.

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Introduction: Pediatric hospital care is becoming increasingly regionalized, with fewer facilities providing inpatient care for common conditions such as asthma. That trend has major implications for emergency medical services (EMS) medical care and operations because EMS historically transports patients to the closest facility. This study describes EMS transport patterns of pediatric asthma patients in greater depth, including an analysis of facility bypass rates and the association of bypass with demographics and clinical outcomes. Methods: This was a retrospective study of pediatric asthma patients ages 2-18 years transported by Lee County, FL EMS between March 1, 2018 – December 31, 2019. A priori, we defined bypass as greater than five minutes extra transport time. We performed geospatial analysis and mapping of EMS pediatric asthma encounters. We used the Pediatric Destination Tree (PDTree) project’s tiered approach to characterize receiving hospital facility pediatric capability. We analyzed incidence and characteristics of bypass, and bypass and non-bypass patient characteristics including demographics, emergency department (ED) clinical outcomes, and socioeconomic disadvantage (SED). Results: From the study period, there were a total of 262 encounters meeting inclusion criteria, 254 (96.9%) of which could be geocoded to EMS incident and destination locations. Most encounters (72.8%) bypassed at least one facility, and the average number of facilities bypassed per encounter was 1.52. For all 185 bypass encounters, there was a median additional travel time of 13.5 minutes (interquartile range 7.5 – 17.5). Using the PDTree’s classification of pediatric capability of destination facilities, 172 of the 185 bypasses (93%) went to a Level I facility. Bypass incidence varied significantly by age, but not by minority status, asthma severity, or by the area deprivation index of the patient’s home address. Overall, the highest concentrations of EMS incidents tended to occur in areas of greater SED. With regard to ED outcomes, ED length of stay did not vary between bypass and non-bypass patients (P = 0.54), and neither did hospitalization (P = 0.80). Conclusion: We found high rates of bypass for pediatric EMS encounters for asthma exacerbations, and that bypass frequency was significantly higher in younger age groups. With national trends pointing toward increasing pediatric healthcare regionalization, bypass has significant implications for EMS operations.
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Tayebi Meybodi, Ali, Wendy Huang, Arnau Benet, Olivia Kola, and Michael T. Lawton. "Bypass surgery for complex middle cerebral artery aneurysms: an algorithmic approach to revascularization." Journal of Neurosurgery 127, no. 3 (2017): 463–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.7.jns16772.

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OBJECTManagement of complex aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) can be challenging. Lesions not amenable to endovascular techniques or direct clipping might require a bypass procedure with aneurysm obliteration. Various bypass techniques are available, but an algorithmic approach to classifying these lesions and determining the optimal bypass strategy has not been developed. The objective of this study was to propose a comprehensive and flexible algorithm based on MCA aneurysm location for selecting the best of multiple bypass options.METHODSAneurysms of the MCA that required bypass as part of treatment were identified from a large prospectively maintained database of vascular neurosurgeries. According to its location relative to the bifurcation, each aneurysm was classified as a prebifurcation, bifurcation, or postbifurcation aneurysm.RESULTSBetween 1998 and 2015, 30 patients were treated for 30 complex MCA aneurysms in 8 (27%) prebifurcation, 5 (17%) bifurcation, and 17 (56%) postbifurcation locations. Bypasses included 8 superficial temporal artery–MCA bypasses, 4 high-flow extracranial-to-intracranial (EC-IC) bypasses, 13 IC-IC bypasses (6 reanastomoses, 3 reimplantations, 3 interpositional grafts, and 1 in situ bypass), and 5 combination bypasses. The bypass strategy for prebifurcation aneurysms was determined by the involvement of lenticulostriate arteries, whereas the bypass strategy for bifurcation aneurysms was determined by rupture status. The location of the MCA aneurysm in the candelabra (Sylvian, insular, or opercular) determined the bypass strategy for postbifurcation aneurysms. No deaths that resulted from surgery were found, bypass patency was 90%, and the condition of 90% of the patients was improved or unchanged at the most recent follow-up.CONCLUSIONSThe bypass strategy used for an MCA aneurysm depends on the aneurysm location, lenticulostriate anatomy, and rupture status. A uniform bypass strategy for all MCA aneurysms does not exist, but the algorithm proposed here might guide selection of the optimal EC-IC or IC-IC bypass technique.
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Sanai, Nader, Zsolt Zador, and Michael T. Lawton. "BYPASS SURGERY FOR COMPLEX BRAIN ANEURYSMS." Neurosurgery 65, no. 4 (2009): 670–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000348557.11968.f1.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE Bypass surgery for brain aneurysms is evolving from extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) to intracranial-intracranial (IC-IC) bypasses that reanastomose parent arteries, revascularize efferent branches with in situ donor arteries or reimplantation, and reconstruct bifurcated anatomy with grafts that are entirely intracranial. We compared results with these newer IC-IC bypasses to conventional EC-IC bypasses. METHODS During a 10-year period, 82 patients underwent bypass surgery as part of their aneurysm management. A quarter of the patients presented with ruptured aneurysms and two-thirds presented with compressive symptoms from unruptured aneurysms. Most aneurysms (82%) had non-saccular morphology and 56% were giant sized. Common locations included the cavernous internal carotid artery (23%), middle cerebral artery (20%), and posteroinferior cerebellar artery (12%). RESULTS Forty-seven patients (57%) received EC-IC bypasses and 35 patients (43%) received IC-IC bypasses, including 9 in situ bypasses, 6 reimplantations, 11 reanastomoses, and 9 intracranial grafts. Aneurysm obliteration rates were comparable in EC-IC and IC-IC bypass groups (97.9% and 97.1%, respectively), as were bypass patency rates (94% and 89%, respectively). Three patients died (surgical mortality, 3.7%), and 4 patients were permanently worse as a result of bypass occlusions (neurological morbidity, 4.9%). At late follow-up (mean duration, 41 months), good outcomes (Glasgow Outcome Scale score 5 or 4) were measured in 68 patients (90%) overall, and were similar in EC-IC and IC-IC bypass groups (91% and 89%, respectively). Changes in Glasgow Outcome Scale score were slightly more favorable with IC-IC bypass (6% worse or dead after IC-IC bypass versus 14% with EC-IC bypass). CONCLUSION IC-IC bypasses compare favorably to EC-IC bypasses in terms of aneurysm obliteration rates, bypass patency rates, and neurological outcomes. IC-IC bypasses can be more technically challenging to perform, but they do not require harvest of extracranial donor arteries, spare patients a neck incision, shorten interposition grafts, are protected inside the cranium, use caliber-matched donor and recipient arteries, and are not associated with ischemic complications during temporary arterial occlusions. IC-IC bypass can replace conventional EC-IC bypass with more anatomic reconstructions for selected aneurysms involving the middle cerebral artery, posteroinferior cerebellar artery, anterior cerebral artery, and basilar apex.
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Bremmer, Jochem P., Bon H. Verweij, Catharina J. M. Klijn, Albert van der Zwan, L. Jaap Kappelle, and Cornelis A. F. Tulleken. "Predictors of patency of excimer laser–assisted nonocclusive extracranial-to-intracranial bypasses." Journal of Neurosurgery 110, no. 5 (2009): 887–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2008.9.jns08646.

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Object Excimer laser–assisted nonocclusive anastomosis (ELANA) is a technique that can be used for extracranial-to-intracranial (EC-IC) bypasses, without the necessity of temporary occlusion of the donor or recipient artery. Information on predictors of patency of EC-IC bypasses in general and the ELANA bypass in particular is sparse. The authors studied 159 ELANA EC-IC bypasses to find predictors of patency. Methods From a prospective database of patients who underwent EC-IC bypass surgery, 143 consecutive patients who underwent a total of 159 ELANA bypasses were studied. The associations of patient characteristics, surgical aspects, and technical aspects specific to the ELANA technique with intraoperative and postoperative bypass patency were studied using logistic regression analysis. Results At the end of the operation, 146 (92%) of the 159 bypasses were patent. A first attempt to create a bypass was almost 8 times more likely (OR 7.6, 95% CI 2.1–27.5; p = 0.02) to result in a patent bypass than a second attempt. Administration of a small amount of heparin during the operation was also associated with bypass patency (OR 5.2, 95% CI 1.1–24.9; p = 0.04). One hundred twenty-three (77%) of the 159 bypasses were functional at patency assessments during the 1st month after the operation. Older age (OR 1.043 for every year of increase in age, 95% CI 1.010–1.076; p = 0.01), male sex (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.3–6.5; p = 0.01), and high intraoperative bypass flow (OR 1.017 for every milliliter per minute increase in flow, 95% CI 1.004–1.030; p = 0.01) were associated with postoperative bypass patency. Conclusions Attempts to create a second EC-IC ELANA bypass after the first one are more likely to fail, whereas administration of heparin to the patient during the procedure increases the intraoperative bypass patency rate. Postoperative patency results are better in male and in older patients. Intraoperative bypass flow measurements are essential because high bypass flow is an important determinant of postoperative patency.
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Stapleton, Christopher J., Gursant S. Atwal, Ahmed E. Hussein, Sepideh Amin-Hanjani, and Fady T. Charbel. "The cut flow index revisited: utility of intraoperative blood flow measurements in extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery for ischemic cerebrovascular disease." Journal of Neurosurgery 133, no. 5 (2020): 1396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2019.5.jns19641.

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OBJECTIVEIn extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery, the cut flow index (CFI) is the ratio of bypass flow (ml/min) to donor vessel cut flow (ml/min), and a CFI ≥ 0.5 has been shown to correlate with bypass patency. The authors sought to validate this observation in a large cohort of EC-IC bypasses for ischemic cerebrovascular disease with long-term angiographic follow-up.METHODSAll intracranial bypass procedures performed at a single institution between 2003 and 2018 were reviewed. Demographic, clinical, angiographic, and operative data were recorded and analyzed according to bypass patency with univariate and multivariate statistical analyses.RESULTSA total of 278 consecutive intracranial bypasses were performed during the study period, of which 157 (56.5%) were EC-IC bypasses for ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Intraoperative blood flow measurements were available in 146 patients, and angiographic follow-up was available at a mean of 2.1 ± 2.6 years after bypass. The mean CFI was significantly higher in patients with patent bypasses (0.92 vs 0.64, p = 0.003). The bypass patency rate was 83.1% in cases with a CFI ≥ 0.5 compared with 46.4% in cases with a CFI < 0.5 (p < 0.0001). Adjusting for age, sex, diagnosis, and single versus double anastomosis, the CFI remained a significant predictor of bypass patency (p = 0.001; OR 5.8, 95% CI 2.0–19.0). A low CFI was also associated with early versus late bypass nonpatency (p = 0.008).CONCLUSIONSA favorable CFI portends long-term EC-IC bypass patency, while a poor CFI predicts eventual bypass nonpatency and can alert surgeons to potential problems with the donor vessel, anastomosis, or recipient bed during surgery.
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Klopries, Elena-Maria, Zhiqun Daniel Deng, Theresa U. Lachmann, Holger Schüttrumpf, and Bradly A. Trumbo. "Surface bypass as a means of protecting downstream-migrating fish: lack of standardised evaluation criteria complicates evaluation of efficacy." Marine and Freshwater Research 69, no. 12 (2018): 1882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18097.

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Surface bypasses are downstream migration structures that can help reduce hydropower-induced damage to migrating fish. However, no comprehensive design concept that facilitates good surface bypass performance for a wide range of sites and species is available. This is why fish-passage efficiencies at recently built bypass structures vary widely between 0% and up to 97%. We reviewed 50 surface bypass performance studies and existing guidelines for salmonids, eels and potamodromous species to identify crucial design criteria for surface bypasses employed in North America, Europe and Australia. Two-tailed Pearson correlation of bypass efficiency and bypass design criteria shows that bypass entrance area (r=0.3300, P=0.0036) and proportion of inflow to the bypass (r=0.3741, P=0.0032) are the most influential parameters on bypass efficiency. However, other parameters such as guiding structures (P=0.2181, ordinary Student’s t-test) and trash-rack spacing (r=–0.1483, P=0.3951, Spearman correlation), although not statistically significant, have been shown to have an effect on efficiency in some studies. The use of different performance criteria and efficiency definitions for bypass evaluation hampers direct comparison of studies and, therefore, deduction of design criteria. To enable meta-analyses and improve bypass design considerations, we suggest a list of standardised performance parameters for bypasses that should be considered in future bypass-performance studies.
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Gayá, J., A. Del Río Prego, J. Guilleuma, et al. "Coronary Steal Syndrome." Cardiovascular Surgery 1, no. 2 (1993): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096721099300100221.

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A patient who suffered recurrent myocardial ischaemia and cerebrovascular symptoms 56 months after a quadruple coronary bypass is reported. Three coronary arteries had been bypassed using reversed saphenous vein and the other using the left internal mammary artery (IMA). Coronary angiography demonstrated patency of all bypasses but the presence of an obstruction of the left subclavian artery proximal to the origin of the left IMA, with angiographic criteria of the steal syndrome. The patient's symptoms were relieved by bypass from the left common carotid artery to the distal left subclavian artery. The pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of coronary steal syndrome are discussed.
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Andrawes, Peter A., Masood A. Shariff, John P. Nabagiez, et al. "Evolution of Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting." Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery 13, no. 2 (2018): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/imi.0000000000000483.

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Objective Minimally invasive coronary surgery approach for coronary artery bypass grafting is a safe and reproducible procedure for multivessel revascularization. This study reviewed a single surgeon's experience with minimally invasive coronary surgery coronary artery bypass grafting, including operative time, number of bypasses, and conversion to sternotomy. Methods A prospective database of consecutive minimally invasive coronary surgery coronary artery bypass grafting procedures from 2005 to 2013 was reviewed. A small anterolateral left thoracotomy allowed left internal mammary artery harvest, proximal anastomoses on the ascending aorta, and distal coronary anastomoses. Early cases were compared with the later cases, focusing on grafting strategies that led to a standardized approach with Propensity Score Matching analysis. Results Seven hundred consecutive cases were divided into early (1–200) and late (201–700) groups. In the late group, the number of triple-vessel disease patients trended higher (50% vs. 57%, P = 0.0674) and the number of bypasses increased (2.3 ± 0.8 vs. 2.7 ± 1.0, P < 0.0001). Conversion to sternotomy significantly decreased between the groups (6% vs. 0.6%, P < 0.0001). There was no difference in rate of postoperative complications between the groups except for prolonged intubation (10% vs. 5%, P = 0.0236) and shortened length of stay (5.9 ± 6.7 vs. 5.5 ± 6.0, P = 0.0268). Propensity score matching analysis (n = 177) was significant for total bypass performed and time per bypass ( P < 0.05). The late group was further divided into subgroups of one hundred each (subgroup 1 through 5). Operative times differed significantly (subgroup 1: 249 ± 71.2, subgroup 2: 259 ± 85.8, subgroup 3: 244 ± 71.0, subgroup 4: 270 ± 58.4, and subgroup 5: 246 ± 47.9, P < 0.005). Conclusions As experience with minimally invasive coronary surgery coronary artery bypass grafting increased, the ideal sequence of steps to optimize surgical outcome was defined. The number of bypassed vessels increased and the operative time and conversion to sternotomy decreased.
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Solaković, Emir, Dragan Totić, and Sid Solaković. "Femoro-Popliteal Bypass Above Knee with Saphenous Vein vs Synthetic Graft." Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 8, no. 4 (2008): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2008.2899.

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There is still debate whether sintethic graft (polytetrafluoroethylene or Dacron) is equivalent to vein as bypass graft material for the above-knee femoropopliteal bypass. Therefore, we performed prospective randomized trial to compare vein with polytetrafluoroethylene/dacron for femoropopliteal bypasses with the distal anastomosis above the knee. Between January 2000 and June 2003, 121 femoropopliteal bypasses were performed. The indications for operation were severe claudication in 96 cases, rest pain in 16 cases, and ulceration in 9 cases. After randomization, 60 reversed saphenous venous bypasses and 61 polytetrafluoroethylene/ dacron bypasses were performed. No perioperative mortality was seen, and 5% of the patients had minor infections of the wound, not resulting in loss of the bypass, the limb, or life. After 5 years, 37% of the patients had died and 7% were lost to follow-up. Only once saphenous vein was necessary for coronary artery bypass grafting. Primary patency rates after 5 years were 76,6% for venous bypass grafts and 59,1% for polytetrafluoroethylene/dacron grafts (p=0,035). Secondary patency rates were 83,3% for vein and 69,2% for polytetrafluoroethylene/dacron bypasses (p = 0,036). In the venous group, 10 bypasses failed, leading to four new bypasses. In the polytetrafluoroethylene group, 22 bypasses failed, leading to 12 reinterventions. After 5 years of follow-up, we conclude that a bypass with saphenous vein has better patency rates at all intervals and needs fewer reoperations. Saphenous vein should be the graft material of choice for above-knee femoropopliteal bypasses and should not be preserved for reinterventions. Polytetrafluoroethylene/dacron is an acceptable alternative if the saphenous vein is not available.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bypass"

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Heinz, George. "Patency iliofemoraler Cross-Over-Bypass versus femorofemoraler Cross-Over-Bypass." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-65894.

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Ofoegbu, Chimu K. P. "Outcomes of "off-pump" coronary artery bypass grafting in a developing country : advantages over coronary artery bypass grafting on cardiopulmonary bypass." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11432.

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Includes abstract.<br>Includes bibliographic references (leaves 53-62).<br>Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) was developed to avoid the deleterious effects of CPB. Current literature reveals some peri-operative advantages of OPCAB, with few studies detailing these in Africa. We review our institutional experience with both approaches in higher risk patients to determine pre-operative characteristics, short and mid-term outcomes in a developing country.
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Al-Ruzzeh, Sharif Mohamed Hasan Khalaf. "Outcome of coronary artery bypass graft surgery with and without cardio-pulmonary bypass." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8394.

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Ljungskog, Sophie, and Marlene Pettersson. "Gastric Bypass som livsstilsförändring : - Hur Gastric Bypass opererade väljer att blogga om sina upplevelser -." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-26076.

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Gastric Bypass är en kirurgisk viktminskningsmetod som innebär att magsäcken förminskas.Detta sker genom att maten leds förbi större delen av magsäcken och den första delen avtunntarmen. Den Gastric Bypass opererade blir då fortare mätt och kroppens upptag avnäringsämnen och kalorier minskar. Det har gjorts en hel del medicinsk forskning kringGastric Bypass, men inte så mycket kring de opererades egna upplevelser av operationen,samt de pedagogiska aspekter som det innebär att vara tvungen att lära sig leva efter en heltny livsstil. Detta fann vi därför intressant att undersöka närmare i denna kvalitativa studie. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur Gastric Bypass opererade, med bloggen somredskap lär sig leva med den livsstilsförändring som operationen innebär, samt vad som skermed bloggarens sociala identitet under den snabba viktnedgången. Teoretisk utgångspunkt:Studiens utgångspunkt ligger i ett sociokulturellt perspektiv av textanalys, med inspiration avhermeneutik i analysarbetet. Datamaterial samlades in via sex bloggare, som via sina bloggarskriver om upplevelser före och efter en Gastric Bypass operation. Resultat: Ur analysenframkom att samtliga av de bloggare som vi valt att ha med i studien ser Gastric Bypass somden sista utvägen att bli fri från sin övervikt. De upplever även att de komplikationer som kanuppstå vid operationen är en mindre risk än ett fortsatt liv som överviktig. Som vi tolkar det ärdet även vanligt att bloggarna försöker hålla uppe en positiv ton kring operationen i bloggen.Detta trots att vi i analysen funnit flertalet tecken på att den livsstilsförändring som krävs avde opererade är allt annat än enkel att genomföra. Problematik kring kosten och den egnasjälvuppfattningen ser vi som vanligt förekommande, samt att omgivningens påverkan fårbetydelse för bloggaren på flera olika sätt. I vår analys har vi även sett att bloggen skullekunna fungera som ett hjälpmedel för Gastric Bypass opererade då den ger möjlighet tilllärande genom utbyte av erfarenheter mellan bloggare och läsare, samt även fungerar somskrivterapi och en sorts social gemenskap. Slutsats: Slutsatsen av vår tolkning av upplevelsenkring en Gastric Bypass, är att det är vanligt med en viss förvirring kring den socialaidentiteten och de nya rutinerna hos den opererade. Vi menar därför att Gastric Bypassopererade borde erbjudas mer pedagogisk hjälp för att ändra sitt beteende, och att fokus inteenbart bör läggas på de medicinska effekterna, utan även på de opererades egna upplevelserav operationen.
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Gustafsson, Camilla, and Anna Jansson. "Smakförändringar efter gastric bypass-operation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kostvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-167528.

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Wales, Elisabeth Lucy. "Preconditioning of venous bypass grafts." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11350.

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John, Alison Elizabeth. "Interleukin-8 and cardiopulmonary bypass." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301551.

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Guimarães, Francisca Silva Santos Ferreira. "Bypass ureteral subcutâneo : estudo retrospectivo." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12484.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária<br>A obstrução ureteral por nefrolitíase ocorre ocasionalmente no gato e parece ter incidência crescente na população felina. O seu diagnóstico é feito com base nos sinais clínicos, análises bioquímicas, com destaque para a medição de ureia e creatinina, e recorrendo a meios complementares de diagnóstico como a radiografia e a ecografia. Para o seu tratamento, pode-se recorrer numa primeira abordagem a uma terapêutica médica, no entanto, esta é muitas vezes ineficaz, pelo que geralmente há necessidade de intervir cirurgicamente. Tradicionalmente a nefrolitíase tem sido resolvida através de técnicas com elevado grau de complicações, tais como a ureteronefrectomia, nefrotomia, pielolitotomia, ureterotomia, ureteroneocistostomia e o transplante renal. Contudo, técnicas inovadoras e menos invasivas têm surgido. Entre elas, está o bypass ureteral subcutâneo, uma técnica recentemente introduzida em Portugal. Este trabalho visa a descrição detalhada desta técnica no gato em 35 intervenções abordadas no Hospital Veterinário do Restelo. Foram calculadas as taxas de mortalidade e de complicações observadas e descritas as principais complicações associadas, assim como as medidas de correção implementadas.<br>ABSTRACT - Subcutaneous Ureteral Bypass: retrospective study - Ureteral obstruction due to nephrolithiasis occasionally is a common disease of domestic cat and seems to be increasing in the feline population. Diagnosis is based on clinical signs, blood work, especially for urea and creatinine, and using complementary diagnostic tests such as X-ray and ultrasound. For treatment, one may start with medical treatment, however, this is often ineffective. Therefore there is usually the need for surgical intervention. Nephrolithiasis has been traditionally resolved by techniques involving high complication rates, such as ureteronephrectomy, nephrostomy, pyelolithotomy, ureterotomy, ureteroneocystostomy and kidney transplantation. However, innovative and less invasive techniques have emerged. These include the subcutaneous ureteral bypass, a recently introduced technique in Portugal. This study aims to describe in detail the use of this technique in cats including 35 interventions addressed at the Hospital Veterinário do Restelo. The mortality and complications rates observed were calculated and the main complications associated were described, as well as the corrective measures implemented.
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Rajakaruna, Chanaka. "Splanchnic organ function and glucose metabolism during coronary artery bypass surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492604.

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Methods: Patients were randomised to off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) or conventional coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass (CABG-CPB). Small intestine function was assessed by differential four sugars (0=methyl-D-glucose, D-xylose, L-rhamnose, and Lactulose) permeability and absorption tests before surgery, at day 1 and day 5 post-surgery. Liver function was assessed before and at the end of surgery by monoethylglycinexyhdide (MEGX)/Iidocaine ratios after injection of 1 mg/kg bolus of lidocaine and by serial measurements of transaminases (AST and ALT), bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
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Wacker, Anne. "Anatomische Voraussetzungen für pedale Bypass-Revaskularisationen." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-82187.

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Zusammenfassung Gefäßerkrankungen und Diabetes mellitus nehmen als Krankheiten der modernen Zivilisation zu. Sie gehen oft mit dem Risiko einer Amputation einher. Trotz verbesserter Therapie aufgrund des medizinischen Fortschritts steigen die Amputationsraten. Besonders gefährdet sind Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus. Aufgrund des besonderen Atherosklerosebefallsmusters mit Verschluss der kruralen Gefäße bei relativer Aussparung der Oberschenkel- und Fußarterien erzielen pedale Bypässe bei diabetischen Patienten besonders gute Ergebnisse im Hinblick auf die Wiederherstellung der Fußdurchblutung. Ein pedaler Bypass kann eine drohende Amputation oft verhindern. Voraussetzungen für eine pedale Bypass-Operation sind umfassende anatomische Kenntnisse über die Variabilität der Arterien im Operationsgebiet. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit den Gefäßvariationen an Unterschenkel und Fuß. Mit unterschiedlichen Methoden wurden Alkohol-fixierte (n=12) und Thiel-fixierte (n=10) Beinpräparate auf arterielle Variabilität untersucht. Die Alkohol-fixierten Präparate wurden makroskopisch präpariert und fotografisch dokumentiert, außerdem erfolgte eine Probenentnahme zur histologischen Untersuchung der Atherosklerosegrade in verschiedenen Gefäßregionen (n=32) und die Herstellung von zwei Dauerpräparaten. An Thiel-fixiertem Material wurde die Digitale Subtraktionsangiographie (DSA) getestet. Folgende Fragestellungen waren zu beantworten: 1. Welche Variationen der Blutgefäße finden sich für den Unterschenkel und Fuß? Wie kommunizieren die Gefäße zwischen Fußsohle und Fußrücken? 2. Wie können kleinste Gefäße am Fuß präpariert und fotografisch dokumentiert werden? 3. Lässt sich an fixiertem Leichenmaterial eine Digitale Subtraktionsangiographie durchzuführen? 4. Zeigen proximale und distale Blutgefäße des Beines einen unterschiedlichen Befall der Atherosklerose? 5. Welche Bedeutung hat die Herstellung von Dauerpräparaten für den studentischen Unterricht? 6. Welche Bedeutung hat die makroskopische Anatomie für die Klinik? Die Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerungen sind: 1. Während der makroskopischen Präparation fanden sich folgende Variationen: Trifurkation, Truncus tibiofibularis anterior mit hohem Abgang der A. tibialis posterior und Abgang der A. tibialis anterior aus der A. fibularis, eine sehr dominante A. fibularis bei schwach ausgeprägter A. tibialis posterior, ein Arcus plantaris durch den zweiten intermetatarsalen Spalt laufend, kräftig ausgebildete A. plantaris profunda, kräftiger tiefer Ast der A. plantaris medialis, stark ausgeprägte A. arcuata. Die den Arcus plantaris versorgenden Arterien, vor allem die A. plantaris lateralis und die A. plantaris profunda, variieren stark in ihrer Ausprägung. Sie sind Teil der „Ringanastomose”, die eine Durchblutung des Fußes über die Verbindungen verschiedener Gefäße zwischen Fußsohle und Fußrücken gewährleistet. Neben der A. plantaris profunda, die auch als Ramus perforans I bezeichnet wird, gibt es zwischen den Aa. metatarsales plantares und dorsales Verbindungen, die Rr. perforantes II-IV, die bei schwach ausgeprägter A. plantaris profunda die Gefäßversorgung sicherstellen und entsprechend stärker ausgebildet sein können. Die A. fibularis kann über ihre kommunizierenden Äste, dem Ramus perforans zur A. dorsalis pedis oder dem Ramus communicans zur A. tibialis posterior, an der arteriellen Versorgung der Fußsohle beteiligt sein. Bei schwacher Ausbildung der A. tibialis posterior und/oder A. tibialis anterior kann diese durch die A. fibularis als phylogenetisch ältestes und damit konstantestes Gefäß der drei Unterschenkelarterien sogar teilweise oder vollständig ersetzt werden. Die „Ringanastomose“ hat für die Gefäßchirurgie eine große Bedeutung. Beim popliteodistalen Bypass orientiert sich die Wahl des distalen Anschlussgefäßes daran, über welches Gefäß sich der Arcus plantaris angiographisch füllt. Eine Kollateralbildung beim Erwachsenen infolge atherosklerotischer Veränderungen über ursprünglich embryologische Gegebenheiten ist denkbar. 2. Die makroskopische Präparation kleinster Gefäße am Fuß wird durch die Injektion der roten Injektionslösung Microfil® erleichtert. Zur fotografischen Dokumentation ist eine Farbmarkierung der Arterien von außen notwendig, um den Gefäßverlauf sichtbar zu machen. 3. Digitale Subtraktionsangiographie an Leichenmaterial ist nur an Thiel-fixiertem Material möglich, da diese Methode die Gewebeverhältnisse in ihrer natürlichen Konsistenz erhält. Das Einbinden der Schleusen und die Injektion von Kontrastmittel in das Gefäßsystem sind durchführbar, weil die Gefäßlumina durchgängig bleiben. Alkohol- oder Formaldehyd-fixiertes Material ist für diese Zwecke ungeeignet, da das Gewebe aushärtet und in den Gefäßen befindliche Blutreste koagulieren. Dadurch wird eine Kontrastmittel-Injektion unmöglich. 4. Dass histologische Färbungen an langzeitfixiertem Material möglich sind, konnte bestätigt werden. Nach Modifikation der Färbevorschriften erlauben sie die Bewertung des Atherosklerosegrades. Der schwerste Befall mit Grad 4 befindet sich in den Arterien der Kniekehle. Die Fußarterien sind mit Grad 2 geringer befallen. 5. Dauerpräparate verbleiben in der anatomischen Lehrsammlung bzw. im Fundus von Anschauungsmaterial. Sie werden zukünftig zur Demonstration anatomischer Strukturen im Rahmen klinischer Kurse und im Studentenunterricht verwendet. 6. Die Anatomie als Grundlagenfach der Medizin hat in der Lehre einen hohen Stellenwert und in allen Studienabschnitten eine hohe klinische Relevanz. Gemeinsame Lehrveranstaltungen von Anatomie und Klinik wecken bei Studenten großes Interesse und fördern die Motivation. Im Rahmen der ärztlichen Aus- und Weiterbildung werden in klinischen Kursen am Institut für Anatomie beispielsweise Untersuchungsmethoden und Operationsbedingungen simuliert. Kliniker wiederholen, festigen oder vertiefen ihre anatomischen Kenntnisse. Vor allem die chirurgischen Fächer profitieren von diesen praktischen Trainingsmöglichkeiten. Wie die Arbeit am Beispiel der Gefäßchirurgie zeigt, bedingt eine gute Zusammenarbeit zwischen Anatomie und Klinik eine sichere klinische Praxis und eine lebendige Anatomie mit klinischen Bezügen<br>Summary Vascular diseases and diabetes mellitus show rising frequency in the Western world and are often accompanied by amputation. The amputation rate is still increasing despite major developments in diagnostics and therapy. Especially patients with diabetes mellitus are at high risk. Because of the special pattern with more severe atherosclerosis in the crural vessels than in the femoral and pedal arteries, the pedal bypass surgery provides excellent vessel patency and limb salvage rates in diabetic patients and can often prevent amputation. A solid knowledge about anatomical variations in the operating area is a precondition for bypass operations. This dissertation deals with variations of arteries from the lower leg and foot. Lower legs from alcohol-fixed and Thiel-fixed cadavers were examined with different methods: The alcohol-fixed legs (n=12) were dissected macroscopically for variations of the arteries and documented by photographes. Samples along the vessel course (n=32) were taken for histological evaluation of the atherosclerotic degrees. Two legs were plastinated with polyethylene glycol. The Thiel-fixed legs (n=10) were tested for digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The following questions had to be answered: 1. Which arterial variations can be found for the lower leg and foot? How do the vessels communicate between the sole and the dorsum of the foot? 2. How are small foot vessels dissected for photographical documentation? 3. Can Thiel-fixed material be used for DSA? 4. Do proximal and distal vessels show different degrees of atherosclerosis? 5. Which relevance does plastination have for the medical education? 6. How important is Gross anatomy for the clinicians? Results and conclusions: 1. The following variations occurred: trifurcation, anterior tibiofibular truncus with high branching from the posterior tibial artery and the anterior tibial artery originating from the fibular artery, dominant fibular artery, plantar arch running through the second interosseus space, dominant deep plantar artery, dominant deep branch of the medial plantar artery, prominent arcuate artery. The arteries for the plantar arch, supplying most of the foot arteries, show a high diversification. They are part of the “ring anastomosis” which assures a good blood supply via different vessels connecting the dorsum and the sole of the foot. Beside the deep plantar artery, also named as “perforating branch I”, there are other connecting branches between the plantar and dorsal metatarsal arteries - the perforating braches II, III and IV. These branches are highly developed in case of an undeveloped deep plantar artery. The fibular artery can be involved in the blood supply of the foot via a communicating branch to the posterior tibial artery and the perforating branch to the dorsalis pedis artery. The fibular artery, which is phylogenetically the oldest crural vessel, can be highly developed in case of inferior anterior tibial artery and/or posterior tibial artery. The “ring anastomosis” is very important for vascular surgery. The inflow and outflow vessels of a popliteodistal bypass are chosen after angiography of the plantar arch showing the vessel for the supply of the plantar arch. 2. Macroscopical dissection of very small foot vessels can be facilitated by injection of a special plastic, Microfil®-solution. The arteries have to be additionally coloured by help of special markers for photographical documentation. 3. DSA can just be done with Thiel-fixed material. Thiel-fixation allows DSA because maintained in situ conditions. The blood is not coagulated and the vessels stay patent for contrast medium. Alcohol-fixed or formaldehyde-fixed material is not suitable for DSA because of clotted blood in the vessels impeding injection of contrast agent. 4. It is confirmed that histological examination is possible with long fixed material. After modification of the staining protocol the sections could be used for evaluation of the atherosclerotic degree. The popliteal arteries are more affected with degree 4 in comparison to the foot arteries with degree 2. 5. Plastinates are displayed in the anatomical collection of the Institute for Anatomy. They will be used for anatomical demonstrations in the lessons of students and in clinical courses. 6. Anatomy as basic knowledge is very important for teaching medical students and has a high clinical relevance in every phase of the medical course. Interdisciplinary lessons between anatomy and clinical disciplines awake interest and motivate students. Advanced medical training is obtained at the Institute for Anatomy by simulating endoscopic examination and developing new surgical techniques. Clinicians repeat, stabilize and deepen their anatomical knowledge. Especially surgeons benefit from these training possibilities. Using the example of vascular bypass surgery the present dissertation shows the value of a good cooperation between anatomy and clinic to provide a safe clinical practice and a lively anatomy with clinical references
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Books on the topic "Bypass"

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Communications/Information Systems Planning and Critical Path Planning Service., ed. Bypass. Yankee Group, 1985.

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Ghosh, Sunit, Florian Falter, and Jr Perrino, eds. Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Cambridge University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139871778.

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Ghosh, Sunit, Florian Falter, and David J. Cook, eds. Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Cambridge University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511635564.

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Mora, Christina T., Robert A. Guyton, Donald C. Finlayson, and Richard L. Rigatti, eds. Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2484-6.

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Ettinger, João, Euler Ázaro, Rudolf Weiner, et al., eds. Gastric Bypass. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28803-7.

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Mongero, Linda B., and James R. Beck, eds. On Bypass. Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-305-9.

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Rush, Thomas. Telephone bypass. Business Communications Co., 1989.

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S, Ghosh, Falter Florian, and Cook, David J., M.D., eds. Cardiopulmonary bypass. Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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S, Ghosh, Falter Florian, and Cook, David J., M.D., eds. Cardiopulmonary bypass. Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Great Britain. Department of Transport. Yorkshire and Humberside Construction Programme Division., ed. A63 Selby bypass. Yorkshire and Humberside Construction Programme Division,Department of Transport, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bypass"

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Richter, O. "Bypass." In Operationsberichte. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34591-3_23.

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Weik, Martin H. "bypass." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_1993.

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Brian, Ben F. "The Engineering of Cardiopulmonary Bypass." In On Bypass. Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-305-9_1.

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Shanewise, Jack S. "Echocardiography and Cardiopulmonary Bypass." In On Bypass. Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-305-9_10.

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Aggarwal, Sanjeev, and Allan Stewart. "Surgical Approach to Aortic Surgery and Perfusion Techniques." In On Bypass. Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-305-9_11.

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Zwischenberger, Brittany A., Lindsey A. Clemson, James E. Lynch, and Joseph B. Zwischenberger. "ECMO to Artificial Lungs: Advances in Long-Term Pulmonary Support." In On Bypass. Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-305-9_12.

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Mongero, Linda B., and James R. Beck. "Policy and Procedure Guidelines." In On Bypass. Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-305-9_13.

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Charette, Kevin A., Ryan R. Davies, Jonathan M. Chen, Jan M. Quaegebeur, and Ralph S. Mosca. "Pediatric Perfusion Techniques for Complex Congenital Cardiac Surgery." In On Bypass. Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-305-9_2.

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Dickstein, Marc L. "Separation from Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Hemodynamic Considerations." In On Bypass. Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-305-9_3.

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Frumento, Robert J., and Elliott Bennett-Guerrero. "Prime Solutions for Extracorporeal Circulation." In On Bypass. Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-305-9_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bypass"

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Sharma, Ashish, Aniket Tyagi, Prakrati Khatri, and Rinku Garg. "Enhanced 403 Bypass Mechanism for Web Security." In 2024 4th International Conference on Advance Computing and Innovative Technologies in Engineering (ICACITE). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icacite60783.2024.10617037.

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Das Sarma, Atish, Sreenivas Gollapudi, and Samuel Ieong. "Bypass rates." In the 14th ACM SIGKDD international conference. ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1401890.1401916.

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Elliott, Steven. "A Bypass by Any Name is Risky. Time for a Rethink?" In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-22358-ms.

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Abstract Since the inception of the modern concept of safety instrumented systems there has always been the need to bypass for many reasons, such as during start up, during process transitions, for maintenance, testing, repair, or replacement of faulty instruments. Bypasses are also referred to as inhibits, suppressions, forcing, impairments, or bridging, but regardless of the name, the process of enacting a bypass is risky. Why? When Safety Instrumented Functions (SIF) are bypassed there is an increased risk to operating facilities associated with the loss of the specific safety function. The extent of the increased risk is dependent on the consequence of the hazard involved (e.g. rupture, explosion, toxic exposure) and the other protective layers that have been designed into the facility. Bypasses intentionally designed into an Emergency Shutdown System (ESD) must be strictly controlled to minimize the risk to people, production, the environment, and profits. But the act of bypassing isn’t new. Traditional bypassing methods vary, for example: Hardwired-initiated bypass: Dedicated switches are connected to the inputs of the safety system to deactivate sensors and actuators, and then handled as part of the application program.Sensors and actuators are electrically isolated (disconnected) from the PLC (e.g. using clamps) and checked manually by special measures.Software-initiated bypass: Maintenance overrides initiated by serial communication to the safety system via an operator interface such as BPCS, DCS, SIS engineering tools or an independent HMI.
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Mukhtar, Omar, and Jörg Ott. "Backup and bypass." In the second international workshop. ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1132983.1133004.

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Siracusano, Giuseppe, Roberto Bifulco, and Stefano Salsano. "TCP Proxy Bypass." In SIGCOMM '17: ACM SIGCOMM 2017 Conference. ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3123878.3131996.

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Krishnan, V. "Transformer bypass circuit." In International Symposium on Power Line Communications and Its Applications, 2005. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isplc.2005.1430513.

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Wang, Roy, Rudolph L. Gleason, and Luke Brewster. "Diameter Constriction Reduces Intramural Circumferential Stress Gradient in the Vein Under Arterial Pressures." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80797.

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Coronary and peripheral artery diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. For severe cases, surgical intervention to bypass the disease using autologous vessels continues to be the preferred choice of treatment. These bypass vessels are typically obtained from the venous vasculature. Despite the superior long-term patency of veins over synthetic grafts, one-year failure rates approach 30–40% in both the coronary and peripheral systems [1–2]. Still, bypass surgery remains the recommended therapy for most persons with severe arterial blockages [3]. As the number of bypass procedures increase and patients receiving bypasses live longer, improving the lifetime of bypass grafts is increasingly important.
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Hanson, Dwight. "Grove Lake Sediment Bypass." In Joint Conference on Water Resource Engineering and Water Resources Planning and Management 2000. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40517(2000)285.

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Sahin, Merve, and Aurélien Francillon. "Over-The-Top Bypass." In CCS'16: 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security. ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2976749.2978334.

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Cheng, L., and A. A. Sawchuk. "Optoelectronic bypass/exchange switches." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1989.mq5.

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Multistage networks, such as the Omega/shuffle-exchange network, Clos/Benes network, etc., are widely used in telecommunications and parallel signal processing today. An optical implementation of these networks is desirable because of its high data rates, low crosstalk, and the feasibility of 2-D structures in optics. Shuffling interconnections and bypass/exchange switches are two basic building blocks in a multi stage network. The free-space optical perfect shuffle, 2-D folded perfect shuffle, and 2-D separable shuffle have been described.1-4 Stirk and Athale proposed an optical implementation for bypass/exchange switch based on latching logic5. We present several optoelectronic designs for single and multistage 2×2 bypass/exchange switch modules. One design is for a general 2×2 single stage circuit switched module which can perform bypass, exchange, and broadcasting functions. In this module, control and power are supplied at wavelength λ2, while data are passed at wavelength λ1. A second design is for a bypass/exchange switch in which both data and control are carried at λ1, while power is supplied at λ2. This design can operate in both packet or circuit switched mode. Finally, we discuss modules for use in multistage networks. In this application, signal routing information can be inserted from a controller at each stage, or the data can be self-routed by headers attached to each data packet. We also present a multistage bypass/exchange 2×2 switch capable of central control or self-routing.
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Reports on the topic "Bypass"

1

Rajaee, Sareh, and Jeff Indes. Femoral Bypass. Touch Surgery Simulations, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2015.s0051.

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Richard Schultz. Bypass Flow Study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1033901.

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De Vries, M. L. Heat exchanger bypass test procedure. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10105881.

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Parmar, Chetan. Mini (One Anastomosis) Gastric Bypass. Touch Surgery Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2016.s0158.

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De Vries, M. L. Heat exchanger bypass test report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10118017.

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Parmar, Chetan. Mini (One Anastomosis) Gastric Bypass. Touch Surgery Simulations, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2019.s0158.

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Richard W. Johnson, Hiroyuki Sato, and Richard R. Schultz. CFD Analysis of Core Bypass Phenomena. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/974775.

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Richard W. Johnson, Hiroyuki Sato, and Richard R. Schultz. CFD Analysis of Core Bypass Phenomena. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/978363.

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Sheikh, Ahmad, and Zachary Brewer. Sternotomy and Cardio-Pulmonary Bypass (CPB). Touch Surgery Simulations, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2014.s0036.

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Purkayastha, Sanjay. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. Touch Surgery Simulations, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2018.s0099.

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