Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bycatch

Academic literature on the topic 'Bycatch'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Bycatch"

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Yonvitner, Yonvitner, Rahmat Kurnia, Mennofatria Boer, Helmy Akbar, and Surya Gentha Akmal. "Kerentanan Bycatch Tuna Dari Perikanan Handline di Selatan Samdera Hindia: Pencatatan Pelabuhan Sendang Biru-Malang." Tropical Fisheries Management Journal 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 66–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jppt.v4i2.32945.

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Bycatch tuna merupakan komoditas ikan komersial penting dalam perikanan tuna Samudera Hindia. Aktivitas penangkapan bycatch tuna juga berdampak pada penurunan stok sehingga menjadi rentan dan potensial tidak berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Sendangbiru Malang pada Bulan Juli 2013. Analisis kerentanan dengan pendekatan jarak Euclidean dengan data produkitivitas dan susceptabilitas menggunakan software PSA NOAA. Hasil tangkap bycacth tuna adalah ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis), Ikan lemadang (Coryphaena hippurus), baby tuna (Thunnus albacores). Hasil kerentana menunjukan tingkat kerentanan yang diperoleh sebesar 1,66 untuk baby tuna, 1,27 untuk lemadang dan 1,42 untuk cakalang. Secara keseluruhan nilai indek kerentanan masih rendah dari 1,8 dimana stok tergolong rentan rendah dan potensi ikan bycatch tuna masih berpotensi berkelanjutan di Sendang Biru.
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Anderson, Owen F., and Malcolm R. Clark. "Analysis of bycatch in the fishery for orange roughy, Hoplostethus atlanticus, on the South Tasman Rise." Marine and Freshwater Research 54, no. 5 (2003): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf02163.

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Government fisheries observers made detailed records of the catch weights of all species caught on 545 trawls between October 1997 and August 2000 in the South Tasman Rise orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) fishery. Bycatch ratios, the ratio of bycatch weight to tow duration, were derived from these data and used to make estimates of total annual bycatch for several species groups. Bycatch ratios based on tow duration were chosen over ratios based on orange roughy catch weights after comparing the coefficients of variation (c.v.) of sets of trial data. Bycatch ratios and total bycatch were estimated for three species of oreos (Oreosomatidae), corals and all other bycatch species combined, for the fishing years from 1997–1998 to 2000–2001. Total oreo bycatch dropped from about 7400 t to less than 350 t during this time. These estimates agreed well with recorded oreo landings data for three of the four years. There was a considerable bycatch of corals, with both the bycatch ratio and the total bycatch reducing during the period examined, the latter from about 1750 t to 100 t per year. The coral bycatch comprised a large number of species, but was dominated by the reef-forming stony coral Solenosmilia variabilis. Annual bycatch of all other species combined, mainly rattails (Macrouridae) and dogfishes (Squalidae), was low (13–120 t). Bycatch of this group dropped sharply in each year as the result of a combination of decreasing bycatch ratio and decreasing fishing effort.
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Winther, Morten. "Bycatches of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena L.) in Danish set-net fisheries." J. Cetacean Res. Manage. 1, no. 2 (January 25, 1999): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47536/jcrm.v1i1.457.

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Data on bycatch of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena L.) in the commercial Danish set-net fisheries were sampled from 5,591km nets in the period 1992 to 1998 using independent observers. A total bycatch of 325 harbour porpoises was reported. Cluster analysis was used to stratify the sampled fishing trips and official catch statistics into a number of different m6tiers defined by the target species for the trips. Extrapolation of the observed bycatch rate to total fish landings of the Danish set-net fleet gave an average annual bycatch of 6,785 (CV 0.12) for the North Sea fisheries in the period 1994-1998. Sampling was not sufficient to estimate total bycatch for other areas. Bycatch was observed in Kattegat but not in the Baltic Sea. Generalised Linear Models were used to identify significant factors for bycatch in the North Sea. The bycatch rate, given as number per length of nets x soak time, was significantly lower in fisheries for flatfish compared to roundfish fisheries. The highest bycatch rate was in the cod fishery over wrecks and no bycatch was observed in the sole fishery. Significant seasonal variation of bycatch was identified with the highest bycatch rate in the first and third quarter of the year. Bycatch rates had not changed in the observed period and there was no significant difference in bycatch rates between sub-areas.
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Brock, Daniel J., Peter J. Hawthorne, Timothy M. Ward, and Adrian J. Linnane. "Two monitoring methods that assess species composition and spatio-temporal trends in bycatch from an important temperate rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) fishery." Marine and Freshwater Research 58, no. 3 (2007): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf06061.

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The effectiveness of two monitoring programs, designed to describe and quantify the bycatch from commercial pots, was examined in the South Australian rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) fishery (SARLF). The first, logbook sampling, relied on information collected and recorded by fishers in logbooks. The second, bycatch sampling, required fishers to collect bycatch specimens on a nominated day for later scientific analysis. A total of 40 bycatch species were recorded during the study. Finfish, mainly blue-throat wrasse (Notolabrus tetricus) and leather jacket species (Meuschenia hippocrepis and Meushenia australis), were the major component (>90% by number). Data from the logbook program were appropriate for monitoring spatio-temporal trends in bycatch, whereas the bycatch sampling provided more accurate information on bycatch species. Each program was subject to bias when estimating total bycatch numbers and, as a result, a combination of both methods indicated a cost-effective and appropriate way with which to monitor bycatch from the fishery. In comparison with other fisheries, bycatch from the SARLF was relatively low; however, because bycatch was dominated by relatively few species, ongoing monitoring and risk assessment of these populations is needed to ensure long-term sustainability of bycatch levels.
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Walmsley, Sarah A., Rob W. Leslie, and Warwick H. H. Sauer. "Managing South Africa's trawl bycatch." ICES Journal of Marine Science 64, no. 2 (November 13, 2006): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsl022.

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Abstract Walmsley, S. A., Leslie, R. W., and Sauer, W. H. H. 2007. Managing South Africa's trawl bycatch. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 405–412. Over the past few decades, it has become widely recognized that the management strategies of world fisheries must ensure sustainability of bycatch as well as of target species. South Africa implemented a pilot observer programme from 1995 to 2000 to collect data on the levels and patterns of bycatch and discards in the demersal trawl fishery. Here, the results of that programme are used in conjunction with information on bycatch value and compliance to assess the issues and problems regarding bycatch and discarding in the fishery. In general, bycatch components can be placed into one of three categories (discarded bycatch, retained bycatch, and processing waste), each of which present different management problems and require different management approaches. The results were used to formulate a bycatch management plan for the demersal trawl fishery in South Africa. Given the need to continue monitoring bycatch, the performance of the pilot observer programme is reviewed, and the levels of sampling effort required for a national programme are discussed.
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LEBRETON, JEAN-DOMINIQUE, and SOPHIE VÉRAN. "Direct evidence of the impact of longline fishery on mortality in the Black-footed Albatross Phoebastria nigripes." Bird Conservation International 23, no. 1 (July 4, 2012): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270912000299.

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SummaryThe incidental bycatch of seabirds in longline fisheries is one of the most striking examples of diffuse and incidental impact of human activities on vertebrate species. While there are various types of evidence of a strong impact of longline fisheries on seabirds, in particular albatrosses, the incidental bycatch mortality has never been directly linked to estimates of bycatch derived from on-board surveys. We develop a capture-recapture analysis which relates the annual probability of survival in the Black-Footed Albatross to the estimated absolute bycatch. By converting the absolute bycatch into an estimate relative to population size and using the theory of exploited populations, we show that survival probability decreases linearly with bycatch, and that the bycatch is underestimated by at least 50%, confirming suspicions based on reviews of the bycatch survey procedures, and raising further concerns about the impact of longline fisheries on seabirds.
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Fangel, Kirstin, Kim Magnus Bærum, Signe Christensen-Dalsgaard, Øystein Aas, and and Tycho Anker-Nilssen. "Incidental bycatch of northern fulmars in the small-vessel demersal longline fishery for Greenland halibut in coastal Norway 2012–2014." ICES Journal of Marine Science 74, no. 1 (September 26, 2016): 332–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw149.

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With seabird populations in rapid decline, understanding and reducing anthropogenic mortality factors is essential. One such factor is incidental bycatch in fisheries. Here we analyze bycatch in the small-vessel demersal longline fishery for Greenland halibut outside the coast of Northern Norway in 2012–2014, by means of self-reporting from fishers and independent observers. A sample of killed birds were analysed for sex, age, reproductive status and condition. Nearly all were northern fulmars. Estimated total bycatch for this fishery for the 3-year period was about 312 birds (SE ≈ 133) using a stratified estimator. Bycatch rate per 1000 hooks was estimated to approximately 0.031 (SE ≈ 0.012). Exploring per trip bycatch rates utilizing generalized linear mixed models, we found no convincing trends of environmental, spatial and temporal variables in explaining bycatch. However, trips using longlines with non-swivel hooks had a more than 100-fold larger bycatch rate (mean ≈ 0.760, SE ≈ 0.160) than those using swivel hooks (mean ≈ 0.008, SE ≈ 0.002). Further, trips with external observers had higher bycatch estimates (mean ≈ 0.75, SE ≈ 0.16) compared with trips where bycatch was registered by the fishers (mean ≈ 0.02, SE < 0.01). Of the analysed birds, about two-thirds were adult birds and males dominated (71.1%). A majority were in good or moderate condition. The findings suggest that the incidental bycatch in the Greenland halibut fishery along the Norwegian coast is more limited than previous studies indicated, and that the use of swivel hooks can significantly reduce such bycatch. However, the impacts on the red-listed, diminishing population of fulmars breeding in mainland Norway should be assessed further and requires a method to assign killed birds to regions/colonies. Also, gaining a better understanding of what triggers events with extreme bycatch numbers is important to reduce the problem further and to improve bycatch modelling.
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Watson, John, Daniel Foster, Scoll Nichols, Arvlnd Shah, Elizabeth Scoll-oenlon, and James Nanc. "The Development of Bycatch Reduction Technology in the Southeastern United States Shrimp Fishery." Marine Technology Society Journal 33, no. 2 (January 1, 1999): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.33.2.8.

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Shrimp trawl bycatch is a significant source of fishery induced mortality for managed species including red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus Poey), Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus maculatus MitcheU), and weakfish (Cynoscion regalis Baloch, Schneider) in the southeastern United States. These species have been overfished and are under both state and federal management plans which include regulations mandating reduction of shrimp trawl bycatch mortality. In 1990 the U.S. Congress passed amendments to the Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1854) which called for a research program that included the design and evaluation of approaches for reducing shrimp trawl bycatch mortality. A strategic planning initiative addressing finfish bycatch in the Gulf of Mexico and southeastern Atlantic shrimp fisheries was developed by the Gulf and South Atlantic Fisheries Foundation through funding and guidance provided by the National Marine Fisheries Service. A cooperative research plan was developed in 1992 which included the identification, development, and evaluation of gear options for reducing bycatch in the Gulf of Mexico and southeastern Atlantic shrimp fisheries. Between 1990 and 1996 one hundred and forty five bycatch reduction conceptual gear designs contributed by fishers, net shops, gear technicians, and biologists were evaluated. Sixteen of these designs were tested on cooperative commercial shrimp vessels by observers under the southeast regional cooperative bycatch program. Analyses of data from commercial vessel testing indicates that two bycatch reduction designs have potential to significantly reduce shrimp trawl bycatch for weakfish and Spanish mackerel in the southeastern Atlantic and two designs have the potential to significantly reduce red snapper bycatch in the Gulf of Mexico. The fisheye and the extended funnel bycatch reduction devices have been mandated for use in the southeastern Atlantic shrimp fishery and the fisheye and Jones/Davis bycatch reduction devices have been mandated for use in the Gulf of Mexico shrimp trawl fishery.
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Kot, Connie Y., Andre M. Boustany, and Patrick N. Halpin. "Temporal patterns of target catch and sea turtle bycatch in the US Atlantic pelagic longline fishing fleet." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67, no. 1 (January 2010): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-160.

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Sea turtle bycatch in pelagic longline fishing gear is an ongoing threat to the conservation of sea turtle populations. However, these bycatch events do not occur uniformly in space or time. Leatherback ( Dermochelys coriacea ) and loggerhead ( Caretta caretta ) bycatch rates reported in large fishing regions exhibited different degrees of interannual variability. Target catch and sea turtle bycatch in most regions displayed strong periodicity that corresponded to seasons (~365 days) and/or moon phase (~29 days). When trends in catch and bycatch rates were examined by month and moon phase, the significant periods of higher and lower catch and bycatch related to swordfish ( Xiphias gladius ), yellowfin tuna ( Thunnus albacares ), and sea turtle temporal distributions in foraging and spawning/nesting, oceanographic and prey conditions, and foraging behavior. Catch and bycatch rates tended to depend more on a seasonal rather than a lunar time scale, although there is likely an interaction between the two. These findings provide insights to the susceptibility of target catch and bycatch, regional and temporal patterns of fishing effort, and potential guidance for resource management and conservation.
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Cosandey-Godin, Aurelie, Elias Teixeira Krainski, Boris Worm, and Joanna Mills Flemming. "Applying Bayesian spatiotemporal models to fisheries bycatch in the Canadian Arctic." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 72, no. 2 (February 2015): 186–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0159.

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Understanding and reducing the incidence of accidental bycatch, particularly for vulnerable species such as sharks, is a major challenge for contemporary fisheries management. Here we establish integrated nested Laplace approximations (INLA) and stochastic partial differential equations (SPDE) as two powerful tools for modelling patterns of bycatch through time and space. These novel, computationally fast approaches are applied to fit zero-inflated hierarchical spatiotemporal models to Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) bycatch data from the Baffin Bay Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) gillnet fishery. Results indicate that Greenland shark bycatch is clustered in space and time, varies significantly from year to year, and there are both tractable factors (number of gillnet panels, total Greenland halibut catch) and physical features (bathymetry) leading to the high incidence of Greenland shark bycatch. Bycatch risk could be reduced by limiting access to spatiotemporal hotspots or by establishing a maximum number of panels per haul. Our method explicitly models the spatiotemporal correlation structure inherent in bycatch data at a very reasonable computational cost, such that the forecasting of bycatch patterns and simulating conservation strategies becomes more accessible.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bycatch"

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Winship, Arliss J. "Estimating the impact of bycatch and calculating bycatch limits to achieve conservation objectives as applied to harbour porpoise in the North Sea." Thesis, St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/715.

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Lawson, Julia Margaret. "Rare seahorses have big implications for small fishes in bycatch." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50198.

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The incidental capture of marine organisms is a critical area of concern in fisheries management, and despite the dominance of small fishes in bycatch biomass around the globe, we know little about the impacts of bycatch on these small fishes. Here, I focus on one such small fish taxon, the seahorses (Hippocampus spp.). Seahorse populations are typically patchy, and they have a specialized life history that makes them more likely to be vulnerable to overfishing. I assessed the impacts of nonselective gear on seahorses in one country by examining potential impacts for three species in peninsular Malaysia. I also assessed the impacts of seahorse bycatch globally, by synthesizing a global array of studies. For my national analysis, I used data-poor assessment methods to estimate life history parameters for three species of seahorse in peninsular Malaysia (Chapter 2). For my global analysis, I extracted data found in a published and unpublished reports to generate a synthesis of global seahorse bycatch (Chapter 3). Nationally, my findings indicate the potential for overfishing for one species found in the southwest region of the peninsular Malaysia. Globally, my synthesis revealed that all fishing gears obtained seahorses in bycatch, but at very low rates of capture per vessel per day. Across all countries, fishers characterized seahorses as relatively rare in their bycatch and declining in catches. One key finding was that low CPUE scaled up to tens of millions of seahorses obtained globally as bycatch each year. My results address the impacts of bycatch on seahorses and discuss the implications for other small bycaught fish species, especially those that are demersal or rare.
Science, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate
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Reis, Marcelo. "Chondrichthyan Bycatch: Risk Assessment, Spatiotemporal trends and Contributions to Management." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/19985.

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Bycatch is one common aspect of fisheries worldwide and recognized as one of the significant impacts over protected and threatened species, chondrichthyans among them. This thesis aims to help mitigate and provide tools to aid the conservation of chondrichthyans. In the first data chapter I developed a model of risk assessment to quantify relative vulnerability of the group based on spatial overlap of natural distributions and fishing events and related to the species resilience. In this study I used commercial fisheries data provided by the Australian Fisheries Management Authority and applied the method to bycatch chondrichthyans and target species. Results were consistent with IUCN status of the species, including cases with regional differences from global status. In the second data chapter, spatial and seasonal distribution of chondrichthyan bycatch events in southern and eastern Australia were analysed. Results indicate differences in rates between gears and also the importance of oceanographic factors to bycatch ratio as well to catch per unit of effort whilst diversity is more influenced by gear type. The spatial analyses also indicated hotspots for bycatch in the Great Australian Bight and Bass Strait. In the third data chapter, I estimated the age, growth and reproductive parameters of the Eastern Fiddler Ray Trygonorrhina fasciata and the Sydney Skate Dipturus australis, two endemic species often caught as bycatch. Age estimates, based on vertebrae bands, were used to calculate growth parameters, which were similar to related species. Moreover, based upon the somatic and gonad indexes, reproductive biology information of these species is provided. In the fourth data chapter I describe the diet and estimated trophic levels of these batoids. Results indicated a diet consisting largely of crustaceans and place the species within the range of trophic level for closest relatives and support their status as mesopredators on the region.
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Milleville, Kelli A. "Twine-Top Modifications of Sea-Scallop Dredges: Reducing Yellowtail-Flounder Bycatch." W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617874.

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Petersen, Samantha Lara. "Understanding and mitigating vulnerable bycatch in southern African longline and trawl fisheries." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19137.

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Over the past decade there has been global concern about the bycatch of seabirds, turtles and sharks in fishing operations, in particular longline and trawl fisheries, which have been widely held responsible for their declining population s and threatened conservation status. This thesis addresses the issue of bycatch in a holistic manner, taking into account that species, whether they be target or non-target, do not exist in isolation from each other and their environment. South African fisheries incidentally catch approximately 21 000 seabirds, 165 turtles and 43 000 pelagic sharks per year, including 21 Endangered species. Decreasing CPUE and size-frequency data for Blue Prionace glauca and Short- finned Mako Sharks Isurus oxyrinchus caught in the large pelagic longline fishery suggests exploitation of these species is unsustainable. A decreasing trend in the biomass index was also observed for the Yellow-spotted Catshark Scyliorhinus capensis and the Biscuit Skate Raja. straeleni. An argument for the likelihood of fisheries mortality contributing to the slower than expected turtle population recovery rates is presented, which is supported by results from satellite tracking of Leatherback Turtles Dermochelys coriacea indicating a high degree of overlap with fishing effort. Satellite tracking of Black-browed Thalassarche melanophrys and White-capped T. steadi Albatrosses reveal striking differences in their foraging patterns and presents evidence that Black-browed Albatrosses, in particular, forage to a large extent on natural prey, despite the availability of discards from fishing vessels in the Benguela. Therefore, given the high albatross mortality in the trawl fishery, the benefit of a management decision to limit discarding as a mitigation measure is likely to outweigh the disadvantage of reduced food supply. Reducing bycatch is dependent on the development of effective and relatively inexpensive methods which do not impact on target catches and/or other vulnerable species. In the demersal longline fishery, two methods of optimising line sink rates to reduce seabird bycatch were investigated: increasing mass of weights and decreasing the spacing between weights. This study indicated that while the target species is unlikely to be affected by increased weighting, other vulnerable species of fish and sharks may be affected. Other mitigation experiments investigated line sinking rates and the use of circle hooks in pelagic longline fisheries. The implications of night setting on Swordfish Xiphias gladius catches, fishery closure during full moon and the appropriateness of the international standard 5% fin to trunk ratio for the South African fishery, were also investigated. Lastly, the spatial and temporal overlap of catches of seabirds, turtles and sharks were investigated through a conservation planning exercise using MARXAN and potential areas for closure identified.
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Rollinson, Dominic Paul. "Understanding and mitigating seabird bycatch in the South African pelagic longline fishery." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25500.

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Seabirds are considered one of the most threatened groups of birds in the world. They face additional mortality both on their breeding islands from introduced predators and at sea by fishing fleets, as fisheries bycatch, as well as other human impacts. Seabird bycatch has negatively affected many seabird populations worldwide, with trawl, gillnet and longline fisheries considered the most destructive to seabird populations. Seabird bycatch from trawl and gillnet fisheries has been significantly reduced in recent years, but large numbers of seabirds are still killed annually by longline fisheries. Of the two types of longline fisheries (demersal and pelagic), pelagic longlining is considered the most harmful to seabirds as lines remain closer to the surface for longer periods than demersal longlining, and it is harder to weight lines to ensure rapid sinking beyond the depth they are accessible to birds. Seabirds are killed when they swallow baited hooks and consequently drown. Despite the large number of studies investigating seabird bycatch from pelagic longline fisheries, there remain gaps in our understanding of seabird bycatch from pelagic longline fisheries. This thesis addresses some of these knowledge gaps and makes recommendations as to how seabird bycatch from pelagic longliners can be reduced at both a local and global scale. Chapters 2 and 3 investigate the factors affecting seabird bycatch from pelagic longliners off South Africa, provide a summary of seabird bycatch from the fishery for the period 2006–2013 and quantify the structure of seabird assemblages associated with pelagic longline vessels off South Africa. This was achieved by analysing seabird bycatch data collected by fisheries observers as well as data from sea trials onboard pelagic longliners. Seabird bycatch by pelagic longliners off South Africa over the 8-year study period has been significantly reduced from the 8-year period (1998–2005), mainly driven by a significant reduction in seabird bycatch rates from foreign-flagged vessels, which are responsible for c. 80% of fishing effort off South Africa. Seabird bycatch rates from South African vessels still remain high, four times higher than the interim national target of < 0.05 birds per 1000 hooks. The species composition of seabird bycatch off South Africa is best explained by an understanding of the structure of the seabird assemblage associated with longline vessels. For most species, bycatch and attendance ratios were similar, but for some species such as shy-type and black-browed albatrosses there were large mismatches, likely caused by differences in foraging behaviour and foraging dominance hierarchies. In Chapters 4 and 5 the foraging ecology of the most commonly recorded bycatch species off South Africa, the white-chinned petrel (Procellaria aequinoctialis), is investigated. An understanding of the foraging ecology of commonly recorded bycatch species enhances our understanding of seabird bycatch and helps to improve the design of current and future mitigation measures. The year-round movements of white-chinned petrels from Marion Island were investigated with Global Location Sensors (GLS loggers) and GPS loggers. Adult white-chinned petrels undertake only limited east-west movements of, with all birds remaining between southern Africa and Antarctica. These results strengthen the theory that there is limited spatial overlap year-round between white-chinned petrel populations from South Georgia, the southern Indian Ocean islands and New Zealand sub-Antarctic islands, suggesting that these populations can be managed as separate stocks. The diving behaviour of white-chinned and grey petrels (P. cinerea), another common bycatch species in Southern Ocean longline fleets, were examined with the use of temperature-depth recorders (TDRs), deployed on birds from Marion Island and Gough Island. My study was the first to analyse TDR dive data from any Procellaria petrel, and recorded them reaching maximum dive depths of 16 and 22 m, respectively. Current best practise suggests that baited hooks be protected to a depth of 5 m by bird-scaring lines, but my results suggest this depth should be increased to at least 10 m. Although line weighting is a proven mitigation measure to reduce seabird bycatch from pelagic longliners, fishers have concerns that it will compromise fish catches, crew safety and operational efficiency. In Chapter 6 I analyse line weighting data from trials onboard three pelagic longline vessels, to address the concerns of fishermen. My results show that sliding leads can be incorporated into pelagic longline fisheries without compromising fish catch, crew safety or operational efficiency. I thus recommend that sliding leads be used on pelagic longline vessels fishing off South Africa. By incorporating studies investigating the factors affecting seabird bycatch, seabird foraging ecology and the efficacy of seabird bycatch mitigation measures, my thesis has broadened our understating of seabird bycatch from pelagic longliners and makes meaningful recommendations to further reduce bycatch, both locally and globally. Although seabird bycatch rates have declined off South Africa, through the use of a number different mitigation measures, they still remain higher than the South African national target and thus more work is needed to achieve this target. To reduce seabird bycatch from pelagic longliners to acceptable levels, studies from the world's various longline fleets needs to be considered and improved upon, with seabird conservationists and fishermen working together to achieve this goal.
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Bochini, Gabriel Lucas. "Composição, abundância e diversidade de Brachyura (Crustacea Decapoda) acompanhante da pesca de arrasto do camarão sete-barbas no Litoral sul de São Paulo. /." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148833.

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Orientador: Rogerio Caetano Costa
Resumo: Os objetivos deste estudo foram: 1) investigar a composição taxonômica de Brachyura; 2) avaliar a assembleia destes por meio dos índices ecológicos; 3) verificar a relação das espécies em função dos fatores abióticos; e 4) analisar se há sincronismo entre os períodos reprodutivos das espécies mais abundantes em comparação ao camarão alvo da pesca X. kroyeri. Foram realizadas coletas mensais (julho/12 a junho/14) na região marinha (4 estações amostrais: E1, E2, E3 e E4) e na região de Mar Pequeno (MP) (3 estações amostrais: E5, E6, e E7), com um barco camaroeiro equipado com redes “double rig”. Foram calculados o índice de Shannon (H), a equidade (J’) a Riqueza (S) e o Índice de Valor Ecológico (IVE), e avaliou-se as relações entre espécies X estações amostradas e entre regiões X períodos (análise de cluster). A temperatura variou entre as estações do ano (maior no verão e menor no inverno), mas não variou entre as regiões amostradas. Já a salinidade variou entre as regiões, sendo menor no MP. O sedimento foi composto pela mistura de areia fina e muito fina. O teor de matéria orgânica foi similar entre as estações de coleta, com exceção de E4 e E5. A concentração média de clorofila variou entre as estações do ano, sendo maior no verão e menor no inverno. Um total de 19.501 indivíduos de Brachyura foi coletado, representados por 25 espécies, 18 gêneros e 13 famílias, sendo elas: Portunidae, Aethridae, Leucosiidae, Epialtidae, Menippidae, Pinnotheridae, Inachoididae, Dromiidae, ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Mackay, Alice I. "An investigation of factors related to the bycatch of small cetaceans in fishing gear." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1888.

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The bycatch of cetaceans in fishing gear is considered to be one of the biggest conservation threats to these species. Gear modifications have the potential to reduce these bycatches in global fisheries but there is little available information on how such modifications may change the fishing performance of gear, or indeed the behavior of cetaceans interacting with fishing gear. Generalized linear models (GLMs) were used to identify factors related to cetacean bycatches in UK bottom set gillnets. Rigged net height had a significant positive relationship with harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) bycatch in ICES Area VII suggesting that lowering the profile of gillnets may have the potential to reduce bycatch rates. Modifications to gillnets, such as changing the amount of floatation or increasing the density of the meshes, were found to have significant effects on the active fishing heights of these nets. However, results from a bycatch mitigation trial in Argentina showed that the reduced fishing profile of one experimental net did not result in a concurrent reduction in the bycatch rate of Franciscana dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei). While there was no significant difference in the rate, length or intensity of harbour porpoise encounters in the presence or absence of gillnets, the proportion of fast echolocation click trains were significantly higher when a net was present, indicating that porpoises either increased acoustic inspection of the net or foraging in the vicinity of the net. An analysis of underwater video footage collected inside trawl nets in an Australia fishery showed that bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.) were present inside nets more frequently than they were caught and were actively foraging inside these nets. The orientation of dolphins inside these nets indicates that the current design of excluder devices used in this fishery could be improved to further reduce bycatch rates.
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Rice, Patrick Hays. "Factors Affecting the Catch of Target and Bycatch Species During Pelagic Longline Fishing." Scholarly Repository, 2008. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/85.

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Recent evidence suggests that overfishing of large predatory fishes has resulted in substantial population declines and pelagic longline (PLL) fishing is a major contributor. The primary objective of this dissertation is understanding factors that affect the interactions between marine fish PLL fishing. These factors are important to determine vulnerability of bycatch and target species, especially when PLL catch and effort data are used to estimate stock abundance. Chapter 1 reviews 107 publications/reports on this topic. Results indicate that accurate characterization of PLL gear performance requires empirical measurement of horizontal and vertical gear movement; and pop-up satellite tags (PSATs) are best suited for quantifying pelagic fish vertical habitat use if: (i) sampling resolution and data storage are not a function of tracking duration and (ii) substantial monitoring durations are employed. This review documents the current state of knowledge for these factors and guidance for future research. In Chapter 2, hook time-at-depth was monitored for commercial PLL sets targeting swordfish, Xiphias gladius. Temperature-depth recorders (TDRs) were deployed at the hook, systematically along the entire gear length. Results indicated that: (i) hook depth predictions based on catenary geometry drastically overestimated actual fishing depths and (ii) using catenary geometry fails to capture within- and among-set variability, potentially resulting in biased stock assessments. Chapter 3 used temperature-depth data from PSATs on swordfish and blue marlin (Makaira nigricans) and similar data from TDR monitored near-surface and deep PLL fishing to determine the diel probability of these species encountering PLL hooks. Results indicated that blue marlin and swordfish inhabit surface waters at night with similar probability of encountering PLL hooks but may have different vulnerabilities due to temporal separation in feeding with blue marlin preferring daytime and twilight and swordfish preferring nighttime. Therefore, reducing fishing during daylight hours may reduce blue marlin bycatch during PLL targeting swordfish. Chapter 4 alternated non-offset and 10° offset circle hooks during PLL fishing and compared the relative performance on catch rates, percent mortality, and deep hooking percentage. Results indicated that 10° offset circle hooks can reduce fishing efficiency and conservation benefits commonly associated with circle hooks.
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Richter, Christoph. "Harbour porpoise and people : strategies for bycatch reduction in the Bay of Fundy /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ36173.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Bycatch"

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Service, United States National Marine Fisheries. Evaluating bycatch: A national approach to standardized bycatch monitoring programs. [Silver Spring, Md.]: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, 2004.

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Karp, William A. U.S. national bycatch report. Silver Spring, Maryland]: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, 2011.

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F, Melvin Edward, Parrish Julia K. 1961-, and Pacific Seabird Group Meeting, eds. Seabird bycatch: Trends, roadblocks, and solutions. Fairbanks, Alaska: University of Alaska Sea Grant, 2001.

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(2002-2003), New England Bycatch Workshops. Proceedings of the New England Bycatch Workshops. Narragansett, R.I: Rhode Island Sea Grant, 2003.

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Pascoe, Sean. Bycatch management and the economics of discarding. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1997.

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Group, Halibut Bycatch Work. Report of the 2010 Halibut Bycatch Work Group. Edited by Karim Tamee, Mecum Robert D, Williams Gregg H, and International Pacific Halibut Commission. Seattle, Wash: International Pacific Halibut Commission, 2012.

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Weeks, Hal. Salmon bycatch in the Pacific whiting fisheries: 1991-1996. Newport, OR: Oregon Fish & Wildlife, 1997.

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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, ed. Bycatch in small-scale tuna fisheries: A global study. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2011.

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Alaska Sea Grant College Program., ed. Fisheries bycatch: Consequences & management : proceedings of the Symposium on the Consequences and Management of Fisheries Bycatch, August 27-28, 1996, Dearborn, Michigan. Fairbanks, AK: University of Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 1997.

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Androkovich, R. A. A stochastic dynamic programming model of bycatch control in fisheries. Portsmouth: University of Portsmouth, Centre for Marine Resource Economics, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bycatch"

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Telesetsky, Anastasia. "Overfishing and Bycatch." In International Farm Animal, Wildlife and Food Safety Law, 405–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18002-1_13.

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Sultana, Razia, Khalid Jamil, and Seema Ismat Khan. "Bycatch Utilization in Asia." In Seafood Processing By-Products, 243–84. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9590-1_13.

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Dolman, Sarah J., and Michael J. Moore. "Welfare Implications of Cetacean Bycatch and Entanglements." In Marine Mammal Welfare, 41–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46994-2_4.

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Poisson, François, Sophie Arnaud-Haond, Hervé Demarcq, Luisa Métral, Blandine Brisset, Delphine Cornella, and Bertrand Wendling. "French Bluefin Tuna Longline Fishery Bycatch Programme." In Oceanography Challenges to Future Earth, 401–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00138-4_31.

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Chaves, Paulo de Tarso. "Bycatch: Causes, Impacts, and Reduction of Incidental Captures." In Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, 96–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98536-7_73.

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Chaves, Paulo de Tarso. "Bycatch: Causes, Impacts, and Reduction of Incidental Captures." In Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, 1–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71064-8_73-1.

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Mandelman, John W., Jeffrey R. Kneebone, Alexia Morgan, Jefferson Murua, and Emily Jones. "Strategies to Reduce Fisheries Bycatch Mortality in Chondrichthyans." In Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives, 737–66. 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003262190-24.

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Koss, Mikołaj, Martin Stjernstedt, Iwona Pawliczka, Anja Reckendorf, and Ursula Siebert. "Whaling, Seal Hunting and the Effect of Fisheries on Marine Mammals." In Marine Mammals, 33–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06836-2_3.

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AbstractThere are various types of interactions between marine mammals and fisheries, and their presence in the same area inevitably leads to conflicts. Marine mammals may lose their lives as bycatch, which is the incidental catch of non-target species in fishing gear. On the other hand, some marine mammals specialise in feeding on fish caught in fishing gear, resulting in damaged and reduced catch as well as destroyed fishing gear. There are different methods to reduce bycatch and catch damage, such as reducing fishing efforts, using acoustic deterrent devices, employing temporal and zonal closure of fishing areas and using alternative fishing gear. Here we give an overview of whaling and sealing from historical and present perspectives, with examples for Baltic marine mammals. We present hands-on activities to familiarise students and teachers with investigations of prey remains, such as otoliths (fish ear stones) found in faeces, to learn about marine mammal diet. Additionally, we introduce a whaling role play designed as a debate between interest groups, to better understand whaling from different perspectives.
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Graham, Norman. "Technical Measures to Reduce Bycatch and Discards in Trawl Fisheries." In Behavior of Marine Fishes, 237–64. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780813810966.ch10.

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Pati, Siddhartha, Sanatan Tudu, Apratim Sai Rajesh, Satyabrata Meher, Bryan Raveen Nelson, and Bisnu Prasad Dash. "Fishery Bycatch Jeopardizes Indian Horseshoe Crab Tachypleus gigas Along the Northeast Coast of Odisha, India." In International Horseshoe Crab Conservation and Research Efforts: 2007- 2020, 485–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82315-3_27.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bycatch"

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Breen, P. A., and S. W. Kim. "An integrated Bayesian evaluation of Hooker's sea lion bycatch limits." In Sea Lions of the World. Alaska Sea Grant, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4027/slw.2006.30.

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Sundet, J. H., and M. Hjelset. "The Norwegian red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) fishery: Management and bycatch issues." In Crabs in Cold Water Regions: Biology, Management, and Economics. Alaska Sea Grant, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4027/ccwrbme.2002.48.

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Erbe, Christine, Sabine Wintner, Sheldon F. J. Dudley, and Stephanie Plön. "Revisiting acoustic deterrence devices: Long-term bycatch data from South Africa’s bather protection nets." In Fourth International Conference on the Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life. Acoustical Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/2.0000306.

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"Study of Horseshoe Crab as Bycatch Around Bottom Gillnet in Mayangan Waters, Subang, West Java." In April 17-18, 2018 Kyoto (Japan). International Institute of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/iicbe1.c0418133.

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Kohut, J., L. Palamara, E. Bochenek, O. Jensen, J. Manderson, M. Oliver, S. Gray, and C. Roebuck. "Using ocean observing systems and local ecological knowledge to nowcast butterfish bycatch events in the Mid-Atlantic Bight longfin squid fishery." In OCEANS 2012. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2012.6404954.

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Reports on the topic "Bycatch"

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Carpenter, Aren J., Meagan A. Thomas, and Kristen K. Cecala. Effects of Bait Type and Conspecific Attraction in Diamondback Terrapin (Malaclemys terrapin) Bycatch. Journal of Young Investigators, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22186/jyi.38.1.1-7.

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Scheidat, Meike, Bram Couperus, and Marije Siemensma. Electronic monitoring of incidental bycatch of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in the Dutch bottom set gillnet fishery (September 2013 to March 2017). IJmuiden: Wageningen Marine Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/466450.

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Couperus, A. S. Report on incidental bycatches in Dutch pelagic fishery - 2019. IJmuiden: Stichting Wageningen Research, Centre for Fisheries Research (CVO), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/536967.

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Schram, Edward, Paul W. Goedhart, and Pieke Molenaar. Effects of abiotic variables on the survival of discarded bycatches in North Sea pulse-trawl fisheries. IJmuiden: Wageningen Marine Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/475614.

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Börjesson, Patrik, Maria Eggertsen, Lachlan Fetterplace, Ann-Britt Florin, Ronny Fredriksson, Susanna Fredriksson, Patrik Kraufvelin, et al. Long-term effects of no-take zones in Swedish waters. Edited by Ulf Bergström, Charlotte Berkström, and Mattias Sköld. Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.10da2mgf51.

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Marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasingly established worldwide to protect and restore degraded ecosystems. However, the level of protection varies among MPAs and has been found to affect the outcome of the closure. In no-take zones (NTZs), no fishing or extraction of marine organisms is allowed. The EU Commission recently committed to protect 30% of European waters by 2030 through the updated Biodiversity Strategy. Importantly, one third of these 30% should be of strict protection. Exactly what is meant by strict protection is not entirely clear, but fishing would likely have to be fully or largely prohibited in these areas. This new target for strictly protected areas highlights the need to evaluate the ecological effects of NTZs, particularly in regions like northern Europe where such evaluations are scarce. The Swedish NTZs made up approximately two thirds of the total areal extent of NTZs in Europe a decade ago. Given that these areas have been closed for at least 10 years and can provide insights into long-term effects of NTZs on fish and ecosystems, they are of broad interest in light of the new 10% strict protection by 2030 commitment by EU member states. In total, eight NTZs in Swedish coastal and offshore waters were evaluated in the current report, with respect to primarily the responses of focal species for the conservation measure, but in some of the areas also ecosystem responses. Five of the NTZs were established in 2009-2011, as part of a government commission, while the other three had been established earlier. The results of the evaluations are presented in a synthesis and also in separate, more detailed chapters for each of the eight NTZs. Overall, the results suggest that NTZs can increase abundances and biomasses of fish and decapod crustaceans, given that the closed areas are strategically placed and of an appropriate size in relation to the life cycle of the focal species. A meta-regression of the effects on focal species of the NTZs showed that CPUE was on average 2.6 times higher after three years of protection, and 3.8 times higher than in the fished reference areas after six years of protection. The proportion of old and large individuals increased in most NTZs, and thereby also the reproductive potential of populations. The increase in abundance of large predatory fish also likely contributed to restoring ecosystem functions, such as top-down control. These effects appeared after a 5-year period and in many cases remained and continued to increase in the longer term (>10 years). In the two areas where cod was the focal species of the NTZs, positive responses were weak, likely as an effect of long-term past, and in the Kattegat still present, recruitment overfishing. In the Baltic Sea, predation by grey seal and cormorant was in some cases so high that it likely counteracted the positive effects of removing fisheries and led to stock declines in the NTZs. In most cases, the introduction of the NTZs has likely decreased the total fishing effort rather than displacing it to adjacent areas. In the Kattegat NTZ, however, the purpose was explicitly to displace an unselective coastal mixed bottom-trawl fishery targeting Norway lobster and flatfish to areas where the bycatches of mature cod were smaller. In two areas that were reopened to fishing after 5 years, the positive effects of the NTZs on fish stocks eroded quickly to pre-closure levels despite that the areas remained closed during the spawning period, highlighting that permanent closures may be necessary to maintain positive effects. We conclude from the Swedish case studies that NTZs may well function as a complement to other fisheries management measures, such as catch, effort and gear regulations. The experiences from the current evaluation show that NTZs can be an important tool for fisheries management especially for local coastal fish populations and areas with mixed fisheries, as well as in cases where there is a need to counteract adverse ecosystem effects of fishing. NTZs are also needed as reference for marine environmental management, and for understanding the effects of fishing on fish populations and other ecosystem components in relation to other pressures. MPAs where the protection of both fish and their habitats is combined may be an important instrument for ecosystembased management, where the recovery of large predatory fish may lead to a restoration of important ecosystem functions and contribute to improving decayed habitats. With the new Biodiversity Strategy, EUs level of ambition for marine conservation increases significantly, with the goal of 30% of coastal and marine waters protected by 2030, and, importantly, one third of these areas being strictly protected. From a conservation perspective, rare, sensitive and/or charismatic species or habitats are often in focus when designating MPAs, and displacement of fisheries is then considered an unwanted side effect. However, if the establishment of strictly protected areas also aims to rebuild fish stocks, these MPAs should be placed in heavily fished areas and designed to protect depleted populations by accounting for their home ranges to generate positive outcomes. Thus, extensive displacement of fisheries is required to reach benefits for depleted populations, and need to be accounted for e.g. by specific regulations outside the strictly protected areas. These new extensive EU goals for MPA establishment pose a challenge for management, but at the same time offer an opportunity to bridge the current gap between conservation and fisheries management.
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