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Wang, Hongxing, and Yeguo Sun. "On Extremal Ranks and Least Squares Solutions Subject to a Rank Restriction." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/457298.
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We discuss the feasible interval of the parameterkand a general expression of matrixXwhich satisfies the rank equationr(A-BXC)=k. With these results, we study two problems under the rank constraintr(A-BXC)=k. The first one is to determine the maximal and minimal ranks under the rank constraintr(A-BXC)=k. The second one is to derive the least squares solutions of∥BXC-A∥F=minunder the rank constraintr(A-BXC)=k.
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Elvaretta, Bella, and Donna Angelina Sugianto. "Perancangan Stasiun Isi Ulang Air Minum BXCan." Desainpedia Journal of Urban Design, Lifestyle & Behaviour 2, no. 1 (May 31, 2023): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36262/dpj.v2i1.705.
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The existence of public facilities in the Mal aims to provide convenience and satisfaction for Mal visitors. BXC Park is a public space facility used by visitors as a place to exercise and relax. Activities carried out by visitors at BXC Park tend to be draining so that the body will feel thirsty and need fluid intake. However, there is no access for visitors to get drinking water in the BXC Park area. This research was created to provide solutions to the problems experienced by BXC Park visitors so that sports activities become more effective. The method used in carrying out this research begins with observing the problems found in BXC Mal, identifying BXC Mal visitor activities, and in the final stage is determining what kind of tools can facilitate access for Mal visitors to get drinking water after exercising. The final result obtained is to design a BXCan drinking water refill station that complies with post-pandemic standards.
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Saenz, J. R., C. Dumas, B. L. Dresser, M. C. Gómez, R. A. Godke, and C. E. Pope. "89 SURVIVAL OF CAT EPIDIDYMAL SPERM AFTER TEMPORARY COOL STORAGE OR CRYOPRESERVATION IN DEFINED EXTENDERS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23, no. 1 (2011): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv23n1ab89.
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A general objective of our studies on cat sperm is to enhance methods for both short- (+4°C) and long-term (–196°C) cryostorage, with particular focuses on improving compatibility with sex sorting and conforming to regulations for international shipment. Here, our specific aims were to a) determine the ability of cat sperm to survive during temporary cool storage in defined extenders (Exp. 1), and b) compare sperm survival after cryopreservation in the optimal defined extender v. TEST buffered extender + 2% egg yolk (TYB, Exp. 2). Testes from local veterinary clinics were transported in HEPES saline. Epididymides were dissected in HEPES 199 medium (He199), repeatedly sliced, and held at 37°C for ∼20 min. The sperm suspension was filtered (40 μm), layered onto a density gradient column (Isolate®, Irving Scientific, Santa Ana, CA, USA), and centrifuged at 650 × g for 20 min. Then, the sperm pellet was resuspended in 1 mL He199 and centrifuged for 5 min at 250 × g. In Exp. 1 (5 replicates), aliquots of the sperm pellet were extended in either of 2 defined extenders, Bioxcell® (BXC; IMV, Minneapolis, MN, USA) or HypoThermosol®-FSR (HTS; BioLife Solutions Inc., Bothell, WA, USA) or in TYB. Motility (Mot, Hamilton Thorne Sperm Analysis System CEROS 12, 37°C), membrane integrity (M.I., SYBR 14-PI), and acrosomal status (A.S., FITC-PNA) were evaluated at days 0, 1, 2, and 3 (Exp. 1), or after cooling (4°C) and post-thawing (p.t.), after 0 and 3 h incubation at 37°C (Exp. 2). In Exp. 2 (10 replicates), the sperm pellet was extended in BXC or TYB and gradually cooled to 4°C. Then, BXC or TYB + 12% glycerol was added (1:1) using a modified fixed osmolarity method (1995 Hum. Reprod. 10, 1109). Samples were loaded into 0.25-mL straws and frozen on a dry ice block (–80°C) for 20 min before storage in LN2. Straws were thawed in air (∼22°C) for 5 s and immersed in a 60°C water bath for 5 s. Samples were diluted by addition of He199 in 7 steps, centrifuged at 800 × g for 5 min, and pellets resuspended in He199. In Exp. 1, sperm in TYB, BXC, and HTS maintained 93, 69, and 56%, respectively, of initial motility (71%) after 3 days at 4°C (TYB > BXC and HTS; P < 0.05, 1-way ANOVA). Initially, 75 and 86% of sperm had membrane integrity and intact acrosomes, respectively. At 72 h, ∼80% of membrane intact sperm retained integrity in the two defined extenders v. nearly 90% in TYB (P > 0.05). At 24 h, all groups had high percentages of sperm with intact acrosomes (87 to 93%), but at 72 h, there was a difference between HTS (96%) and BXC (79%; P < 0.05). In Exp. 2 (Table 1), motility in TYB and BXC at 0 h p.t. was 77 and 70% of pre-freeze values – 77% (TYB) and 73% (BXC), respectively. Motility at 3 h p.t. was similar (BXC = 35% v. TYB = 37%). Membrane integrity and acrosomal status at 3 h p.t. ranged from 60% (BXC) to 72% (TYB) and from 65% (BXC) to 68% (TYB) of pre-freeze values, respectively. At 3 h p.t. M.I. of sperm in TYB was higher (P < 0.05) than in BXC. In summary, we have shown that cat epididymal sperm can be stored temporarily and cryopreserved successfully in a defined extender without animal proteins. Table 1.Motility, membrane integrity, and acrosomal status of cat epididymal sperm after cryo-storage
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Baehner, F. L., J. Anderson, C. Millward, C. Sangli, C. Quale, D. Cherbavaz, A. Goddard, and S. Shak. "The critical role of surgical pathology in personalized medicine: The impact of biopsy cavities in breast cancer samples on recurrence risk when assessed by quantitative RT-PCR." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e22016-e22016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e22016.
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e22016 Background: Tumor gene expression analysis using the Recurrence Score (RS) assay is frequently used in ER+ breast cancer. Manual microdissection is performed in cases where biopsy cavities (BxC) are present in the submitted specimen. The objective of this was to characterize by quantitative RT-PCR the impact of BxC on 21 gene expression profiles and the RS. Methods: 48 (15 well, 18 moderate, and 15 poorly differentiated) breast cancers were evaluated for gene expression differences between whole sections (WS; containing BxC) and enriched tumor (ET; BxC excluded). Standardized quantitative RT-PCR analysis for the 21 Oncotype DX genes was performed; reference normalized gene expression measurements ranged from 0 to 15, where each 1-unit reflects an approximate 2-fold change in RNA. Analyses of individual genes and the RS were performed on the entire sample set and stratified by tumor grade. Correlation analyses used Pearson's R, concordance analysis used Lin's sample concordance and paired t- tests to characterize differences. Results: There were statistically significant differences in reference normalized gene expression between ET and WS in 6 genes: BAG1 (ET-WS: 0.13 units, p=0.0025), CD68 (ET-WS: -0.64 units, p<0.0001), ER (ET-WS: 0.29 units, p=0.0012), GSTM1 (ET-WS: 0.18 units p=0.0025), STK15 (ET-WS: -0.18 units, p=0.0041) and STMY3 (ET-WS: 0.62 units, p<0.0001). Expression of the macrophage marker CD68 was higher and expression of ER was lower in WS containing BxC. The correlation (0.95) and concordance (0.92) were generally high between WS and ET for RS overall however among moderately differentially tumors, there was a statistically significant mean increase in RS for WS of 3.3 units (p = 0.0012) while among poorly differentiated tumors there was a trend toward a statistically significant decrease in RS for WS of 2.2 units (p=0.0569). Conclusions: Histologic identification of invasive carcinoma and exclusion of BxC is essential for precise RS assessment. Inclusion of BxC in breast cancer specimens is associated with significant changes in the expression of individual genes and impacts the RS. Removal of BxC from breast cancer specimens assessed for gene expression levels is warranted. [Table: see text]
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Cauwet, François, Yamina Benamra, Laurent Auvray, Jérôme Andrieux, and Gabriel Ferro. "Polarity Effect on the Heteroepitaxial Growth of B<sub>x</sub>C on 4H-SiC by CVD." Solid State Phenomena 362 (August 27, 2024): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-ufrj54.
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The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of boron carbide (BxC) layers on 4H-SiC, 4°off substrates was studied. Depending on the polarity of the substrate, different results were obtained. On Si face, the direct CVD growth at 1600°C under a mixture of BCl3+C3H8 systematically led to polycrystalline BxC films, whatever the C/B ratio in the gas phase. On the C face, heteroepitaxial growth was obtained for C/B ratios = 12 or higher with a step bunched morphology. If a boridation step (10 min at 1200°C under BCl3 flow) was used before the CVD growth, then heteroepitaxy was successful on both substrate polarities. To explain these results, a mechanism is proposed which involves the nature of the chemical bonds at the early stage of nucleation. It is suggested that a full B coverage of the SiC surface should favor the nucleation of the B-rich (0001) plane of BxC, promoting thus the heteroepitaxial growth along this direction.
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Liu, Yonghui, and Yongge Tian. "Max-Min Problems on the Ranks and Inertias of the Matrix Expressions A−BXC±(BXC)∗ with Applications." Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications 148, no. 3 (November 23, 2010): 593–622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10957-010-9760-8.
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Madrigal, O., L. Valencia, M. Vásquez, and J. G. Maldonado. "Análisis y caracterización de la mortalidad en lactancia en ganado cebú comercial y BON x Cebú en la Hacienda La Candelaria (Caucasia, Antioquia)." Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias 11, no. 2 (June 10, 2016): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.27045.
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Resumen Para caracterizar las causas de mortalidad durante la lactancia en la Hacienda La Candelaria de la Universidad de Antioquia y comparar el comportamiento entre ganado BON x cebú (BxC) y cebú comercial (CCO), se realizó un estudio retrospectivo con base en el análisis de los registros desde 1990 hasta 1997. De un total de 475 nacimientos la mortalidad ponderada fue significativamente menor (p < 0.05) en becerros BxC (5.4%) que en becerros CCO (19.6%), con un promedio de 240 días de lactancia. Las causas y edad promedio de la mortalidad detectadas incluyeron: debilidad de la cría, 25.4% (8.9 días); accidente, 15.5% (27.8 días); mortinatos, 15.5% (0.5 días); desnutrición, 11.3% (16.9 días); infecciones, 9.9% (15.3 días); y causa desconocida, 17% (18.1 días). No se encontró efecto del sexo en la mortalidad (p > 0.05). Los resultados sugieren que un alto porcentaje de las causas de muerte podrían asociarse con fallas en el manejo de la cría durante el periparto; causas de mortalidad clasificadas en los grupos de infecciones, debilidad, desconocidas y nutrición, podrían tener alguna relación con eventos de onfalitis. Los resultados demuestran además una notoria reducción de la mortalidad en lactancia en el cruce BxC y se podrían interpretar como un indicador de la rusticidad y adaptación del ganado BON. Estudios adicionales enfocados a caracterizar la respuesta inmune de las vacas y sus crías servirán para someter a prueba esta posibilidad.Palabras clave: mortalidad, predestete, Boss indicus, bovinos. Summary In order to characterize the causes of calving to weaning mortality and to compare BON x Zebu (BxC) and Commercial Zebu (CCO) performance during the lactation period in the Hacienda La Candelaria of the University of Antioquia, a 1990 to 1997 record-based retrospective study was performed. From a total number of 475 calving pondered mortality was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) in BxC (5.4%) than CCO (19.6%) calves, on a 240 days average of lactation. Causes and average age of detected mortality included: calf weakness, 25.4% (8.9 days); accident, 15.5% (27.8 days); stillbirths, 15.5% (0.5 days); undernourishment, 11.3% (16.9 days); infections, 9.9% (15.3 days); and unknown causes, 17% (18.1 days). No association was found between sex and mortality (p > 0.05). These results suggest that a high percentage of mortality could be related to an inadequate management during the neonatal period. Causes of mortality classified as infections, weakness, undernourishment and unknown could be associated to omphalitis. In addition the results show a reduced mortality of BxC crossbred during the lactation and could be argued as a reflection of the rusticity and fitness of BON cattle. Further studies, focused on the characterization of the immune response of cows and calves, should serve to evaluate this possibility. Key words: preweaning mortality, Boss indicus, bovine.
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Maci, Daniela, Rony Keppens, and Fabio Bacchini. "BxC Toolkit: Generating Tailored Turbulent 3D Magnetic Fields." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 273, no. 1 (July 1, 2024): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad4bdf.
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Abstract Turbulent states are ubiquitous in plasmas, and the understanding of turbulence is fundamental in modern astrophysics. Numerical simulations, which are the state-of-the-art approach to the study of turbulence, require substantial computing resources. Recently, attention shifted to methods for generating synthetic turbulent magnetic fields, affordably creating fields with parameter-controlled characteristic features of turbulence. In this context, the BxC toolkit was developed and validated against direct numerical simulations (DNSs) of isotropic turbulent magnetic fields. Here, we demonstrate novel extensions of BxC to generate realistic turbulent magnetic fields in a fast, controlled, geometric approach. First, we perform a parameter study to determine quantitative relations between the BxC input parameters and the desired characteristic features of the turbulent power spectrum, such as the extent of the inertial range, its spectral slope, and the injection and dissipation scale. Second, we introduce in the model a set of structured background magnetic fields, B 0, as a natural and more realistic extension to the purely isotropic turbulent fields. Third, we extend the model to include anisotropic turbulence properties in the generated fields. With all these extensions combined, our tool can quickly generate any desired structured magnetic field with controlled, anisotropic turbulent fluctuations, faster by orders of magnitude with respect to DNSs. These can be used, e.g., to provide initial conditions for DNSs or easily generate synthetic data for many astrophysical settings, all at otherwise unaffordable resolutions.
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Deng, Juan Li, Lai Fei Cheng, Li Ning Gao, and Ke He Su. "The Relationship between the Initial Gas Ratios and the Condensed Phase Composition in the CVD of BxC with BCl3-CH4-H2 Precursors." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 1761–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.1761.
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For the preparation of the self-healing phase BxC with BCl3-CH4-H2precursors, the production has been examined as a function of the initial gas ratios of BCl3/(BCl3+CH4) and H2/(BCl3+CH4) at given temperature and pressure. The results show that the composition of the condensed phase is quite sensitive to the molar ratio of BCl3/(BCl3+CH4) and H2/(BCl3+CH4). The ideal condition for the deposition of BxC is that the ratio of BCl3/(BCl3+CH4) is 0.8 and the H2/(BCl3+CH4) ratio ranges from 10 to 105.2. The carbon or boron-rich material is mainly controlled by the ratios of BCl3/(BCl3+CH4) and H2/(BCl3+CH4). The deposition condition of carbon-rich phase should be in low BCl3/(BCl3+CH4) (0.0~0.8) and H2/(BCl3+CH4) (10-2<102) ratios, whereas that of the boron-rich phase needs high BCl3/(BCl3+CH4) (0.8~1.0) and H2/(BCl3+CH4) (104~105) ratios.
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DAMM, TOBIAS, and HARALD K. WIMMER. "A CANCELLATION PROPERTY OF THE MOORE–PENROSE INVERSE OF TRIPLE PRODUCTS." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society 86, no. 1 (February 2009): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s144678870800044x.
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AbstractWe study the matrix equation C(BXC)†B=X†, where X† denotes the Moore–Penrose inverse. We derive conditions for the consistency of the equation and express all its solutions using singular vectors of B and C. Applications to compliance matrices in molecular dynamics, to mixed reverse-order laws of generalized inverses and to weighted Moore–Penrose inverses are given.
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Liu, Yonghui, and Yongge Tian. "How to use RSVD to solve the matrix equationA=BXC." Linear and Multilinear Algebra 58, no. 5 (July 2010): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01445340802354549.
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Choolakkal, Arun Haridas, Hans Högberg, Jens Birch, and Henrik Pedersen. "Conformal chemical vapor deposition of boron-rich boron carbide thin films from triethylboron." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 41, no. 1 (January 2023): 013401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/6.0002203.
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We report conformal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of boron carbide (BxC) thin films on silicon substrates with 8:1 aspect-ratio morphologies, using triethylboron [B(C2H5)3] as a single source CVD precursor. Step coverage (SC) calculated from the cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy measurements shows that films deposited at ≤450 °C were highly conformal (SC = 1). We attribute this to the low reaction probability at low substrate temperatures enabling more gas phase diffusion into the features. The chemical state of the material, determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, shows as a carbide with B–B, B–C, C–B, and C–C chemical bonds. Quantitative analysis by time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis reveals that films deposited at 450 °C are boron-rich with around 82.5 at. % B, 15.6 at. % C, 1.3 at. % O, and 0.6 at. % H, i.e., about B5C. The film density as measured by x-ray reflectometry varies from 1.9 to 2.28 g/cm3 depending on deposition temperature.
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Hayun, S., N. Frage, and M. P. Dariel. "The morphology of ceramic phases in BxC–SiC–Si infiltrated composites." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 179, no. 9 (September 2006): 2875–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2006.01.031.
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Feng, Bing, Hans-Peter Martin, Floriana-Dana Börner, Wolfgang Lippmann, Max Schreier, Karin Vogel, Andreas Lenk, et al. "Manufacture and Testing of Thermoelectric Modules Consisting of BxC and TiOxElements." Advanced Engineering Materials 16, no. 10 (July 10, 2014): 1252–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.201400183.
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PINHEIRO, M. S., R. ANDREOTTI E SILVA, and S. A. SANTOS. "Observations on the thermal selection of the pantanal caiman (Caiman crocodilus yacare) hatchlings (Crocodylia: Alligatoridae)." Revista Brasileira de Biologia 61, no. 2 (May 2001): 323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71082001000200016.
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Three options of water temperatures in a thermal gradient that changed from 22 to 35°C were offered to Pantanal caiman (Caiman croocodilus yacare) hatchlings. Animals from two nests were submitted to temperatures during 19 days (Nest 1 - 20 caimans caught in the nature hours after hatching), corresponding to 1 to 7 observations periods, and 13 days (Nest 2 - 20 animals obtained by artificial incubation) relative to observation period 8. Caimans remain fasting during experimental period. Hatchlings were allocated in a enclosure containing three styrofoam boxes (120 L) disposed side by side enclosed by wire netting and filled with water to the top. Thus, the animals were free to access the boxes, which temperatures were changed at the end of each observation period to avoid position effects. Air temperature was keep close to 22°C by air conditioning and water temperature was controlled by thermostats. The trial was divided in three phases determined by elimination of the less frequented temperature and its substitution by another temperature. In a first phase of the experiment that contained 1, 2 and 3 observation periods, the thermostats were regulated to 22°C (BoxD), 26°C (BxC) and 32°C (BxA). In phase 2 to 26°C, 29.5°C (BxB) and 32°C, including 4, 5 and 6 periods. In the third phase that included 7 and 8 periods, the thermostats were adjusted to 29.5°C, 32°C and 35°C (BxE). The number of caimans in each box was recorded two to three times a day (8:00, 14:00 and 17:00h) before pointed water temperature. Mean water temperatures (+ standard deviation) and respective caiman frequency means by box/temperature were: Phase 1 (BxD/22.3 ± 1.2°C - 10.3%; BxC/27.0 ± 2.4°C - 32.0% and BxA/31.2 ± 1.1°C - 57.6%); Phase 2 (BxC/26.6 ± 2.8°C - 13.3%; BxB/29.3 ± 2.2°C - 27.7% and BxA/31.3 ± 1.2°C - 59.0%) and Phase 3 (BxB/29.5 ± 3.6°C - 23.7%; BxA/31.0 ± 2.2°C - 31.9 and BxE/34.0 ± 2.2°C - 44.4%). Observing that in the phases 1 and 2 the box with hottest water (CxA) was more frequented. In the phase 3, the difference between higher and smaller frequency straiten to 20.7%, in relation to almost 46.5% in phases 1 and 2, indicating that water temperatures between 29.5 and 35°C resulted in body temperatures more next to the comfort zone, in the experimental conditions.
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Liu, Xifu. "The extremal ranks and inertias of matrix expressions with respect to generalized reflexive and anti-reflexive matrices with applications." Filomat 32, no. 19 (2018): 6653–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1819653l.
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The extremal ranks of matrix expressions of A-BXC and D-EYE*, and the extremal inertias of D-EYE* are discussed, where X and Y are reflexive (or anti-reflexive) and Hermitian reflexive (or anti-reflexive) matrices respectively. For the applications, we derive the extremal ranks of the reflexive and anti-reflexive solutions to AX = B. In addition, we also establish some conditions for the existence of common reflexive and anti-reflexive solutions to AX = B and CXD = E, and conditions for the solvability of some matrix equations and matrix inequalities.
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Malvar, Ana, Valeria Alberton, Bruno Lococo, Maria Lourenco, Joaquin Martinez, Lucrecia Burna, Celeste Besso, et al. "Remission of lupus nephritis: the trajectory of histological response in successfully treated patients." Lupus Science & Medicine 10, no. 1 (May 2023): e000932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2023-000932.
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ObjectiveThis study investigated changes in kidney histology over time in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) undergoing immunosuppressive treatment.MethodsPatients with proliferative±membranous LN were studied. After a diagnostic kidney biopsy (Bx1), patients had protocol biopsy 2 (Bx2) at 9 (6–15) months and protocol biopsy 3 (Bx3) at 42 (28–67) months. Kidney histological activity and chronicity indices (AI, CI) were measured.ResultsAI declined in a biphasic fashion, falling rapidly between Bx1 and Bx2 and then more slowly between Bx2 and Bx3. Patients were divided into those who achieved histological remission, defined as an AI=0 at Bx3 (group 1), and those with persistent histological activity (AI >0) at Bx3 (group 2). The early decline in AI was 1.6 times greater (95% CI 1.30, 1.91) in group 1 than group 2 (p=0.01). Between Bx2 and Bx3, the AI decline was 2.19-fold greater (95% CI 2.09, 2.29) in group 1 versus group 2 (p=7.34×10−5). Individual histological components of the AI resolved at different rates. Inflammatory lesions like glomerular crescents, karyorrhexis and necrosis mostly resolved by Bx2, whereas endocapillary hypercellularity, subendothelial hyaline deposits and interstitial inflammation resolved slowly, accounting for residual histological activity at biopsy 3 in group 2. In contrast, CI increased rapidly, by 0.15 units/month between Bx1 and Bx2, then plateaued. There were no differences in the rate of accumulation of chronic damage between group 1 and group 2. The increase in CI was significantly related to the severity of glomerular crescents (p=0.044), subendothelial hyaline deposits (p=0.002) and interstitial inflammation (p=0.015) at Bx1.ConclusionsLN histological activity takes months to years to resolve, providing a rationale for the need of long-term, well-tolerated maintenance immunosuppression. Despite responding, LN kidneys accrue chronic damage early during treatment. This finding provides an explanation for the association of chronic progressive kidney disease with recurrent episodes of LN.
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Guo, Wenbin, and Tingzhu Huang. "Extremal ranks of matrix expression of A−BXC with respect to Hermitian matrix." Applied Mathematics and Computation 217, no. 6 (November 2010): 2381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2010.07.038.
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Guodong, Sun, Deng Juanli, Li Hui, and Zhang Qing. "Thermodynamics of Preparing BxC Condensed Phases by CVD Using BCl3-CH4-H2 as Precursors." Rare Metal Materials and Engineering 44, no. 4 (April 2015): 826–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1875-5372(15)30056-4.
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DUBOIS, J., G. FANTOZZI, M. BOUGOIN, and F. THEVENOT. "MICROSTRUCTURE ET PROPRIETES MECANIQUES DE MATERIAUX CERAMIQUES, DE TYPE BxC/SiC, FRITTES SANS CHARGE." Le Journal de Physique Colloques 47, no. C1 (February 1986): C1–751—C1–755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:19861114.
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Ponzielli, Romina, Martine Astier, Aymeric Chartier, Armel Gallet, Pascal Thérond, and Michel Sémériva. "Heart tube patterning in Drosophila requires integration of axial and segmental information provided by the Bithorax Complex genes and hedgehog signaling." Development 129, no. 19 (October 1, 2002): 4509–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.129.19.4509.
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The Drosophila larval cardiac tube is composed of 104 cardiomyocytes that exhibit genetic and functional diversity. The tube is divided into the aorta and the heart proper that encompass the anterior and posterior parts of the tube, respectively. Differentiation into aorta and heart cardiomyocytes takes place during embryogenesis. We have observed living embryos to correlate morphological changes occurring during the late phases of cardiogenesis with the acquisition of organ function, including functional inlets, or ostiae. Cardiac cells diversity originates in response to two types of spatial information such that cells differentiate according to their position, both within a segment and along the anteroposterior axis. Axial patterning is controlled by homeotic genes of the Bithorax Complex (BXC) which are regionally expressed within the cardiac tube in non-overlapping domains. Ultrabithorax (Ubx) is expressed in the aorta whereas abdominal A (abd-A) is expressed in the heart, with the exception of the four most posterior cardiac cells which express Abdominal B (Abd-B). Ubx and abd-A functions are required to confer an aorta or a heart identity on cardiomyocytes, respectively. The anterior limit of the expression domain of Ubx, abd-A and Abd-B is independent of the function of the other genes. In contrast, abd-A represses Ubx expression in the heart and ectopic overexpression of abd-A transforms aorta cells into heart cardiomyocytes. Taken together, these results support the idea that BXC homeotic genes in the cardiac tube conform to the posterior prevalence rule. The cardiac tube is also segmentally patterned and each metamere contains six pairs of cardioblasts that are genetically diverse. We show that the transcription of seven up (svp), which is expressed in the two most posterior pairs of cardioblasts in each segment, is dependent on hedgehog (hh) signaling from the dorsal ectoderm. In combination with the axial information furnished by abd-A, the segmental hh-dependent information leads to the differentiation of the six pairs of svp-expressing cells into functional ostiae. Movies available on-line
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Manto, Hamirul Hadini, and Dirvamena Boer. "Analisis Heterosis Tiga Varietas Jagung Pulut (Zea mays var. ceritina Kulesh) Hibrida Heterosis." Berkala Penelitian Agronomi 11, no. 1 (April 30, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/bpa.v11i1.397.
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perlu terus dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efek heterosis hasil persilangan tiga varietas jagung pulut hibrida yang sudah beredar luas di masyarakat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Percobaan II Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Halu Oleo Kendari dengan menggunakan rancangan persilangan dialel penuh dan pengujiannya dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) tiga ulangan. Variabel yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, tinggi letak tongkol, jumlah daun, diameter batang, umur berbunga jantan ±50%, umur berbunga betina ±50%, panjang tongkol, diameter tongkol, jumlah baris/tongkol, jumlah biji/tongkol, berat biji/tongkol dan produktivitas. Analisis heterosis yang diterapkan adalah mid parent heterosis (MPH) dan high parent heterosis (HPH). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai MPH dan HPH untuk semua variabel ada yang bernilai positif karena lebih baik dari kedua tetuanya dan sebaliknya yang bernilai negatif. Secara umum nilai MPH dan HPH yang terbaik untuk karakter vegetatif dan generatif diperoleh pada BxA, BxC, dan resiprok keduanya.
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PARISH, MICKEY E., RENÉE GOODRICH, and WILLIAM MILLER. "Fate of Salmonellae in Orange and Grapefruit Concentrates during Cold Storage." Journal of Food Protection 67, no. 12 (December 1, 2004): 2671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-67.12.2671.
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Orange and grapefruit concentrates at 42, 50, and 64 °Brix were inoculated with a five-strain cocktail of acid-adapted salmonellae stored at 0, −5, −10, −15, or −20°C and sampled for population survival up to 11 and 50 days for grapefruit and orange concentrates, respectively. Survivor curves were nonlinear and best fit by a three-parameter power equation: Y = a + bXc. Final log reductions ranged from 2.3 to 4.8 after 50 days in orange concentrate and 6.0 to 6.9 after 11 days in grapefruit concentrate. Storage times needed to achieve a 5-log population reduction among all treatments for grapefruit concentrate ranged from 1.0 to 5.8 days. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were observed among results for different temperatures within any single Brix level; however, storage times among Brix levels at any one temperature were not significantly (P ≤ 0.05) different. Results indicate that cold storage of grapefruit concentrate is a viable treatment for achieving a 5-log reduction in salmonellae.
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Khadka, Rajan, Nirmal Baishnab, George Opletal, and Ridwan Sakidja. "Study of amorphous boron carbide (a-BxC) materials using Molecular Dynamics (MD) and Hybrid Reverse Monte Carlo (HRMC)." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 530 (February 2020): 119783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2019.119783.
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He, Qianglong, Jingjing Xie, Aiyang Wang, Chun Liu, Tian Tian, Lanxin Hu, Chenhong Yi, et al. "Effects of boron content on the microstructures and mechanical properties of reactive hot-pressed BxC-TiB2-SiC composites." Ceramics International 45, no. 16 (November 2019): 19650–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.06.214.
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Berg, Christian. "A two-parameter extension of Urbanik’s product convolution semigroup." Probability and Mathematical Statistics 39, no. 2 (December 19, 2019): 441–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0208-4147.39.2.11.
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We prove that sna, b = Γan + b/Γb, n = 0, 1, . . ., is an infinitely divisible Stieltjes moment sequence for arbitrary a, b > 0. Its powers sna, bc, c > 0, are Stieltjes determinate if and only if ac ≤ 2. The latter was conjectured in a paper by Lin 2019 in the case b = 1. We describe a product convolution semigroup τca, b, c > 0, of probability measures on the positive half-line with densities eca, b and having the moments sna, bc. We determine the asymptotic behavior of eca, bt for t → 0 and for t → ∞, and the latter implies the Stieltjes indeterminacy when ac > 2. The results extend the previous work of the author and Lopez 2015 and lead to a convolution semigroup of probability densities gca, bxc>0 on the real line. The special case gca, 1xc>0 are the convolution roots of the Gumbel distribution with scale parameter a > 0. All the densities gca, bx lead to determinate Hamburger moment problems.
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Chen, Xiao Shan, and Peng Lv. "On estimating the separation between (A,B) and (C,D) associated with the generalized Sylvester equation AXD−BXC=E." Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 330 (March 2018): 128–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2017.07.025.
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Sulyaeva, Veronica, Maxim Khomyakov, and Marina Kosinova. "Room-Temperature Formation of Hard BCx Films by Low Power Magnetron Sputtering." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (October 22, 2021): 9896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11219896.
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Boron carbide is one of the most important non-metallic materials. Amorphous BCx films were synthesized at room temperature by single- and dual-target magnetron sputtering processes. A B4C target and C target were operated using an RF signal and a DC signal, respectively. The effect of using single- and dual-target deposition and process parameters on the chemical bonding and composition of the films as well as their functional properties were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray energy dispersive analysis, X-ray diffraction, ellipsometry, and spectrophotometry. It was found that the film properties depend on the sputtering power and the used targets. EDX data show that the composition of the samples varied from B2C to practically BC2 in the case of using an additional C target. According to the XPS data, it corresponds to the different chemical states of the boron atom. A nanoindentation study showed that the film with a composition close to B2C deposited with the highest B4C target power reached a hardness of 25 GPa and Young’s modulus of 230 GPa. The optical properties of the films also depend on the composition, so the band gap (Eg) of the BCx film varied in the range of 2.1–2.8 eV, while the Eg of the carbon-rich films decreased to 1.1 eV.
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Bute, A., S. Jena, D. Bhattacharya, S. Kumar, N. Chand, N. Keskar, and S. Sinha. "Composition dependent microstructure and optical properties of boron carbide (BxC) thin films deposited by radio frequency-plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition technique." Materials Research Bulletin 109 (January 2019): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2018.09.038.
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Ibrahim, Mohd Halim Irwan, Norhamidi Muhamad, Abu Bakar Sulong, Khairur Rijal Jamaludin, Nor Hafiez Mohamad Nor, Sufizar Ahmad, Mohd Ruzi Harun, and Hafizawati Zakaria. "Parameter Optimization towards Highest Micro MIM Density by Using Taguchi Method." Key Engineering Materials 443 (June 2010): 705–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.443.705.
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Nowadays, micro metal injection molding has become among the promising method in powder metallurgy research to produce small-scale intricate part at an effective process and competitive cost for mass production. This paper investigated the optimization of highest green strength which plays an important characteristic in determining the successful of micro MIM. In this paper, stainless steel SS 316L with D50 = 5.96µm was used with composite binder, which consists of PEG (Polyethelena Glycol), PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrilate) and SA (Stearic Acid). Feedstock with 61.5% with several injection parameters were optimized which highly significant through screening experiment such as injection pressure(A), injection temperature(B), mold temperature(C), injection time(D) and holding time(E). Besides that, interaction effects between injection pressure, injection temperature and mold temperature were also considered to optimize in the Taguchi’s orthogonal array. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (S/N-larger is better) for green density was also presented in this paper. Result shows that interaction between injection temperature and mold temperature(BxC) give highest significant factor followed by interaction between injection pressure and mold temperature(AxC). Single factor that also contributes to significant optimization are mold temperature(C) and injection time(D). This study shows that Taguchi method would be among the best method to solve the problem with minimum number of trials.
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Ruiz Díaz Lovera, Edith Diana María, Federico Iván Sanguinés Silva, Marcos Antonio Sánchez González, and Rosanna Maria Britos Pedrozo. "Germinación y crecimiento inicial de sésamo sometido a estrés salino." Revista Alfa 8, no. 24 (September 20, 2024): 788–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33996/revistaalfa.v8i24.303.
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El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la respuesta del sésamo al estrés salino durante la germinación y crecimiento inicial. El diseño fue completamente al azar con un esquema multifactorial de 2x3x3. Factor A variedad K2 e IPTA K07, Factor B (dosis de 0, 3g. L-1 y 6g. L-1 de sal y Factor C tiempo de inmersión de 0, 12 y 24 horas, con 18 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones, totalizando 72 unidades experimentales. Las determinaciones evaluadas fueron capacidad de hidratación, velocidad de emergencia (VE), longitud aérea y radicular de la planta y porcentaje de germinación. Para la capacidad de hidratación de la planta el (T3) obtuvo óptimos resultados; en cuanto que para la dosis de solución utilizada los resultados fueron estadísticamente iguales entre sí. Se registró una relación favorable con el (T1) para la interacción AxB. La determinación de velocidad de emergencia obtuvo mejores resultados con el testigo. En cuanto a la longitud aérea de la planta el (T16) obtuvo mejores resultados, no así con la determinación longitud radicular donde no se encontraron diferencias significativas. Para la interacción AxB y BxC, obtuvo mejor interacción para la determinación de longitud aérea el (T1). La variedad K2 obtuvo un 93% de germinación siendo los demás factores estadísticamente iguales entre sí. Se concluye la variedad K2 obtuvo mejores resultados en la mayoría de las determinaciones evaluadas.
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Singh, Shivraj, and Malvinder Ahuja. "Study of Decision-making Skill of +2 Students in Relation to their Self-Regulation, Self-Efficacy and Satisfaction with School." JOURNAL OF TEACHER EDUCATION AND RESEARCH 14, no. 02 (December 10, 2019): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36268/jter/1424.
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This study was conducted to investigate effects of single variables (A. self efficacy, B. self regulation and C. satisfaction of students with school) on skill of decision making of twelfth grade students and also their two order and three order interaction effects on decision making. Null Hypotheses were framed for each effect. The sample comprised of 515 students chosen from representative CBSE affiliated secondary schools of district Roopnagar, Punjab. An ex post facto design of the study led to an analysis of data through a statistical technique of 3x3x3 ANOVA substantiated by t-test. A brief summary of findings was as follows: Main effects of all three independent variables A, B, C, were found to be significant at the .01 level of confidence indicating strong influence of each of these variables on skill of decision making. Out of the three two order interactions, only AxC was found to be significant at the .05 level of confidence and those of AXB and BXC were not found to be significant even at the .05 level of confidence. This indicated that AXC interacts to result into differences in means scores of decision making of various combination groups due to AXC only. The three order interaction of AXBXC was also found to be significant at the .05 level of confidence, which led to conclude that combination groups due to this interaction effect resulted in differences in decision making by twelfth graders.
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Ibrahim, Mohd Halim Irwan, Norhamidi Muhamad, Abu Bakar Sulong, Khairur Rijal Jamaludin, Nor Hafiez Mohamad Nor, and Sufizar Ahmad. "Optimization of Micro Metal Injection Molding SS 316L for the Highest Green Strength by Using Taguchi Method." Advanced Materials Research 264-265 (June 2011): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.264-265.135.
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Micro metal injection molding which is a new develop technology has attract most researcher where it becomes among the promising method in powder metallurgy research to produce small-scale intricate part at an effective process and competitive cost for mass production. Due to highly stringent characteristics of micro MIM feedstock,the study has been emphasized in investigating the optimization of highest green strength which plays an important characteristic in determining the successful of micro MIM. Stainless steel SS 316L with D50 = 5.96μm was used with composite binder, which consists of PEG, PMMA and Stearic Acid. From rheological characteristic and highly significant parameter through screening experiment, feedstock with 61.5% with several injection parameters were optimized such as injection pressure(A), injection temperature(B), mold temperature(C), injection time(D) and holding time(E). Besides that, interaction effects between injection pressure, injection temperature and mold temperature were also considered to optimize in the Taguchi’s orthogonal array. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (S/N-larger is better) for green strength was also presented in this paper. Result shows that interaction between injection temperature and mold temperature(BxC) give highest significant factor followed by interaction between injection pressure and injection temperature(AxB). Single factor that also contributes to significant optimization are mold temperature(C), injection time(D) and injection pressure(A). This study shows that Taguchi method would be among the best method to solve the problem with minimum number of trials.
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Ibrahim, Mohd Halim Irwan, Norhamidi Muhamad, and A. B. Sulong. "Characterization of Micro Metal Injection Molding by Using PMMA & PEG." Applied Mechanics and Materials 315 (April 2013): 992–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.315.992.
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Due to its versatility, micro metal injection molding has become an alternative method in powder metallurgy where it can produce small part with a minimal number of waste. The success of micro MIM is greatly influenced by feedstock characteristics. This paper investigated the characterization and optimization which both of them plays an important characteristic in determining the successful of micro MIM. In this paper, stainless steel SS 316L was used with composite binder, which consists of PEG (Polyethelena Glycol), PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrilate) and SA (Stearic Acid). The rheology properties are investigated using Shimadzu Flowtester CFT-500D capillary rheometer. The geometry of water atomised stainless steel powder are irregular shape, therefore it is expected significant changes in the rheological results that can influence the microcomponent, surface quality, shape retention and resolution capabilities. From rheological characteristics, feedstock with 61.5% shows a significant value with several injection parameters were optimized through screening experiment such as injection pressure (A), injection temperature (B), mold temperature (C), injection time (D) and holding time (E). Besides that, interaction effects between injection pressure, injection temperature and mold temperature were also considered to optimize in the Taguchis orthogonal array. Result shows that 61.5%vol contributes a significant stability over a range of temperature and the best powder loading from a critical powder volume percentage (CPVP) and rheological point of view. Furthermore interaction between injection temperature and mold temperature (BxC) give highest significant factor followed by interaction between injection pressure and mold temperature (AxC).
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Proietti, Ilaria, Luca Filippi, Ersilia Tolino, Nicoletta Bernardini, Francesca Svara, Federica Trovato, Claudio Di Cristofano, et al. "Supraorbital Basosquamous Carcinoma Treated with Cemiplimab Followed by Sonidegib: A Case Report and Review of the Literature." Biomedicines 11, no. 11 (October 26, 2023): 2903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11112903.
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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a skin cancer with low local aggressiveness and a low tendency to metastasize. Basosquamous Carcinoma (BSC) represents an aggressive histological subtype of BCC with intermediate features between Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) and BCC. Cemiplimab is currently approved as first-line therapy in SCC and second-line therapy in BCC patients who have progressed on or are intolerant of a Hedgehog pathway Inhibitor (HHI). Our study describes the case of a 59-year-old man with BSC who was successfully treated with 5 cycles of Cemiplimab as first-line therapy and Sonidegib as second-line therapy. Currently, the efficacy of Cemiplimab against BSC and other histopathological subtypes of BCC has not been fully elucidated, as has the role of sequential or combination therapy with Cemiplimab and HHI in the management of BSC. The aim of this case report is to highlight the need to outline the use of checkpoint inhibitors in BCCs and focus attention on the synergistic role of Cemiplimab and HHIs in such a controversial entity as BSC.
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Nadeak, Betsy Yosia. "A Basosquamous Cell Carcinoma." Unram Medical Journal 11, no. 3 (October 30, 2022): 969–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jku.v11i3.718.
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Basosquamous cell carcinoma (BSC) merupakan tumor kulit non melanoma yang jarang terjadi, bersifat agresif, cenderung rekuren dan metastasis. Basosquamous cell carcinoma (BSC) masih merupakan tantangan oleh karena sering menimbulkan kontroversi dalam klasifikasi, patogenesis dan penatalaksanaannya. Saat ini belum terdapat kriteria diagnostik dan penatalaksanaan BSC yang jelas, mengingat morfologi klinis dan gambaran histopatologis yang tumpang tindih antara basal cell carcinoma (BCC) dan squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Berikut akan dilaporkan dua kasus BSC pada dua wanita berumur 60 tahun dan 53 tahun yang memiliki gambaran klinis dan dermoskopi sesuai dengan BCC serta hasil histopatologi menunjukkan BSC.
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Nadeak, Betsy Yosia, Handelia Phinari, and Ni Nyoman Ayu Sutrini. "BASOSQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA." Unram Medical Journal 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 969–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jk.v11i3.4704.
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Basosquamous cell carcinoma (BSC) merupakan tumor kulit non melanoma yang jarang terjadi, bersifat agresif, cenderung rekuren dan metastasis. Basosquamous cell carcinoma (BSC) masih merupakan tantangan oleh karena sering menimbulkan kontroversi dalam klasifikasi, patogenesis dan penatalaksanaannya. Saat ini belum terdapat kriteria diagnostik dan penatalaksanaan BSC yang jelas, mengingat morfologi klinis dan gambaran histopatologis yang tumpang tindih antara basal cell carcinoma (BCC) dan squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Berikut akan dilaporkan dua kasus BSC pada dua wanita berumur 60 tahun dan 53 tahun yang memiliki gambaran klinis dan dermoskopi sesuai dengan BCC serta hasil histopatologi menunjukkan BSC.
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Badten, Alexander J., and Alfredo G. Torres. "Burkholderia pseudomallei Complex Subunit and Glycoconjugate Vaccines and Their Potential to Elicit Cross-Protection to Burkholderia cepacia Complex." Vaccines 12, no. 3 (March 15, 2024): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12030313.
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Burkholderia are a group of Gram-negative bacteria that can cause a variety of diseases in at-risk populations. B. pseudomallei and B. mallei, the etiological agents of melioidosis and glanders, respectively, are the two clinically relevant members of the B. pseudomallei complex (Bpc). The development of vaccines against Bpc species has been accelerated in recent years, resulting in numerous promising subunits and glycoconjugate vaccines incorporating a variety of antigens. However, a second group of pathogenic Burkholderia species exists known as the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), a group of opportunistic bacteria which tend to affect individuals with weakened immunity or cystic fibrosis. To date, there have been few attempts to develop vaccines to Bcc species. Therefore, the primary goal of this review is to provide a broad overview of the various subunit antigens that have been tested in Bpc species, their protective efficacy, study limitations, and known or suspected mechanisms of protection. Then, we assess the reviewed Bpc antigens for their amino acid sequence conservation to homologous proteins found in Bcc species. We propose that protective Bpc antigens with a high degree of Bpc-to-Bcc sequence conservation could serve as components of a pan-Burkholderia vaccine capable of protecting against both disease-causing groups.
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Guttierres, Ana Paula Muniz, Antônio José Natali, Rita de Cássia Gonçalves Alfenas, and João Carlos Bouzas Marins. "Efeito ergogênico de uma bebida esportiva cafeinada sobre a performance em testes de habilidades específicas do futebol." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 15, no. 6 (December 2009): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1517-86922009000700010.
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O consumo de cafeína tem demonstrado promover efeitos ergogênicos sobre a performance de atletas de esportes coletivos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o efeito de uma bebida esportiva cafeinada (BEC) frente a uma bebida carboidratada comercial (BCC) sobre a performance durante a execução de testes físico-motores de habilidades específicas do futebol. Os atletas foram submetidos a dois testes, salto vertical (Sargent Jump) e teste de agilidade (Illinois Agility Test), que foram executados antes e após as partidas durante as quais foram consumidas BEC (7% de carboidratos (CHO), concentração de cafeína correspondente a 250mg.l-1) ou BCC (sem cafeína, 7% de CHO). Os resultados demonstraram que BEC aumentou significantemente (p < 0,01) a altura atingida no salto em relação ao momento anterior ao seu consumo e em comparação com a BCC (p = 0,02). BCC não promoveu aumento na potência de membros inferiores. Tanto BEC (p = 0,62) quanto BCC (p = 0,93), não aumentaram a agilidade no teste realizado após a partida em comparação com o realizado anteriormente. Ambas as bebidas não foram capazes de melhorar o desempenho na execução do teste de agilidade após a partida (p = 0,95). O consumo de BEC proporcionou um efeito ergogênico para jogadores de futebol, aumentando a potência de membros inferiores relacionada com a força explosiva. Contudo, quanto à agilidade não foi possível identificar vantagens no desempenho.
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Ahamed Mohideen, P. B., and M. Ramachandran. "Strategic approach to breakdown maintenance on construction plant – UAE perspective." Benchmarking: An International Journal 21, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 226–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-05-2012-0030.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a systematic strategic approach to handle corrective maintenance onto the failures/breakdowns of construction equipment. For the maintenance crew/team, a breakdown code management is proposed, which will provide focused and unambiguous approach to manage any kind of breakdowns in construction equipments. Design/methodology/approach – The past breakdown records of a construction organization in the UAE are considered for analysis. From the failure data, through cause effect analysis (CEA) tools, the components and the breakdown codes namely breakdown main codes (BMC) and breakdown sub-codes (BSC) are formulated. With Pareto analysis, the critical codes are identified and validated through failure modes and effects analyses (FMEA) tools for the critical effect on the affected components. From this identified BSC's further closer failure identification codes namely breakdown symptom codes (BSyC) and breakdown reason codes (BRC) are identified through fault tree analysis (FTA) tools. The approach to modified breakdown maintenance management (MB2M) with breakdown maintenance protocol (BMP) is envisaged. Findings – The study was conducted on four different types of heavy lifting/earth moving/material handling system of equipment and further focused with two earth moving equipment namely dumpers and wheel loaders. Failure analysis is performed and the failure ratio and the component contribution to the failures are identified. Based on the information, the preliminary codes namely BMC and BSC are identified through CEA tools and the BMC and BSC are identified to find the most contributing codes to the maximum number of failures through Pareto analysis. Further the critical sub-codes are further verified through FMEA tools on the severity levels of the sub components due to these codes. The FTA methods are used to identify the closer reasoning and relations of these codes and the further codes namely BSyC and BRC are identified which are the exact cause of the failures. The management of breakdowns is further proposed through MB2M which includes BMP which provides all resources for the breakdowns. Research limitations/implications – The failure data collected are only pertaining to the Middle East region and applicable to similar regions for similar plant mix in construction companies. The sample equipment is only part representative of the construction equipment. A more robust model can be suggested in the future covering all aspects and for other regions as well. Practical implications – The proposed methodology and model approach is highly adaptable to similar industries operating in the Middle East countries. Originality/value – Many authors have studied the preventive maintenance models and procedures and proposals have been proposed. On the breakdown maintenance management of construction equipment, very few studies have been proposed mostly on the cost analysis. This model attempts to provide a code management solution to manage the unpredictable failures in construction equipment through failure data analysis on a construction organization.
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Negrini, Romulo, Izabella Mikaella Souza Campos D’Albuquerque, Rita de Cássia Sanchez e Oliveira, Raquel Domingues da Silva Ferreira, Luciana Francine Bocchi De Stefani, and Sergio Podgaec. "Strategies to reduce the caesarean section rate in a private hospital and their impact." BMJ Open Quality 10, no. 3 (August 2021): e001215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2020-001215.
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There is a concern around the world of an increasing caesarean section rate. It was estimated that between 2010 and 2015, caesarean section rates increased by almost 50%. There are several implications for this, considering that caesarean sections are associated with higher costs and worse clinical outcomes. In this context, several interventions have been considered to increase vaginal delivery rates, including the Adequate Childbirth Project (PPA) in Brazil. This study aimed to verify the impact of the strategies adopted internally in the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE) located in São Paulo, Brazil, regarding the reduction of caesarean sections and their perinatal results. Actions to support our study were implemented in two phases based on the PPA schedule. These actions involved three axes: a multidisciplinary team, pregnant women and facility improvements. All pregnant women admitted for childbirth at the HIAE between 2014 and 2019 were included in this study. The overall rate of vaginal delivery in this study population and among primiparous women and the percentage of admissions to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were analysed in three periods: before the implementation of PPA actions (period A), after the first phase of the project (period B) and after its second phase (period C). The results showed an increase in the average vaginal delivery rate from 23.57% in period A to 27.88% in period B, and to 30.06% in period C (AxB, p<0.001; BxC, p=0.004). There was a decrease in the average of NICU admissions over the periods (period A 19.22%, period B 18.71% and period C 13.22%); a significant reduction was observed when periods B and C (p<0.001) were compared.
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Hassan, S. A., J. A. Tawffek, and A. A. Ahmed. "Effect of Iraqi probiotic supplementation on body Weight Gain and some blood parmeters of Awassi Lambs fed different." Journal of Biotechnology Research Center 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2011.5.1.141.
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in this study, twenty four individual Awassi male lambs (mean body weight 17.05 kg and 3-4 months of old) were used to investigate the effect of three ratios of alfalfa hay to reed silage (40:0, 20: 20 and 0: 40 AH: RS ratios) fed with two levels of Iraqi probiotic (IP) (0 and 7.5 g IP / kg DM) on blood cholesterol concentration (BCC), blood urea nitrogen concentration (BUNC) and blood globulin concentration(BGC). The diets were formulated as DM to give a 40 parts alfalfa hay or/and reed silage and 60 parts concentrate. Within 2-3 days before end of the period trial, blood samples were taken during 0, 6, 12 and 24 hr. post morning feeding for measuring BCC, BUNC and BGC. No differences among treatments were found in daily feed intake for all nutrients. Different AH: RS ratios have no effect on live weight gain (LWG), BCC, BUNC and BGC. However, lambs fed diets supplemented with IP tended to increase in their LWG and significantly reduce BGC and BUNC (P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively) as compared with those fed diets without IP. While, IP supplementation had no effect on BCC. In conclusion, during 0, 6, 12 and 24 hr. post morning feeding AH: RS ratios had no effect on BCC, BUNC and BGC. Inconclusion, IP supplementation was associated with higher LWG and lower BUN concentration.
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Szpunar, Iga, Ragnar Strandbakke, Magnus Helgerud Sørby, Sebastian Lech Wachowski, Maria Balaguer, Mateusz Tarach, José M. Serra, et al. "High-Temperature Structural and Electrical Properties of BaLnCo2O6 Positrodes." Materials 13, no. 18 (September 11, 2020): 4044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184044.
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The application of double perovskite cobaltites BaLnCo2O6−δ (Ln = lanthanide element) in electrochemical devices for energy conversion requires control of their properties at operating conditions. This work presents a study of a series of BaLnCo2O6−δ (Ln = La, Pr, Nd) with a focus on the evolution of structural and electrical properties with temperature. Symmetry, oxygen non-stoichiometry, and cobalt valence state have been examined by means of Synchrotron Radiation Powder X-ray Diffraction (SR-PXD), thermogravimetry (TG), and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS). The results indicate that all three compositions maintain mainly orthorhombic structure from RT to 1000 °C. Chemical expansion from Co reduction and formation of oxygen vacancies is observed and characterized above 350 °C. Following XAS experiments, the high spin of Co was ascertained in the whole range of temperatures for BLC, BPC, and BNC.
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Jiang, Dongdong, Yitan Hou, Jinwei Hao, Jiayi Zhou, Junfeng Jiang, and Quan Wang. "Association between Personal Social Capital and Loneliness among Widowed Older People." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16 (August 11, 2020): 5799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165799.
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To explore the association between the personal social capital and loneliness among the widowed older adults in China. Data from 1497 widowed older adults were extracted from China’s Health-Related Quality of Life Survey for Older Adults 2018. The Chinese version of the Personal Social Capital Scale (PSCS-16) was used to evaluate the participants’ status of bonding and bridging social capital (BOC and BRC). Loneliness was assessed by the short-form UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS-8). Multiple linear regression models were established to examine the relationship between social capital and loneliness. The BOC and BRC of rural widowed older people were significantly lower than those of widowed older people in urban areas, while loneliness of rural widowed older people was higher than that of widowed older people in urban areas. The result of the final model showed that loneliness of rural participants was significantly associated with both BOC (B = 0.141, p = 0.001) and BRC (B = −0.116, p = 0.003). The loneliness of the urban widowed sample had no association with both BOC and BRC (p > 0.05). These findings suggested that more social support and compassionate care should be provided to enrich the personal social capital and thus to reduce loneliness of widowed older adults, especially those in rural areas.
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Fonteque, Joandes H., Mere E. Saito, Priscila A. Rizelo, William T. Teixeira, and Aguemi Kohayagawa. "Comparação entre duas metodologias para a realização do teste de redução do tetrazólio nitroazul (NBT) em caprinos." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 35, suppl 1 (December 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2015001300001.
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Resumo: O teste de redução do tetrazólio nitroazul (NBT) é um dos métodos mais utilizados para a avaliação do metabolismo oxidativo dos neutrófilos. Porém, o custo por amostra e o tempo de utilização do corante são desvantagens do método. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar duas metodologias para realização do teste do NBT a fim de maximizar a sua utilização e diminuir o custo por amostra processada. Foram utilizadas 10 cabras, adultas clinicamente sadias e colhidas amostras de sangue por meio de venipunção jugular em tubos de 10mL sendo retirada uma alíquota de 500μL em tubo "eppendorff" contendo 2μL de heparina. Através desta alíquota foram realizadas três metodologias para o teste do NBT: A) técnica original Park & Good (1970); B) redução de 50% do volume do corante; C) redução de 50% e armazenamento do corante a -20°C por 180 dias. Foram confeccionados e corados esfregaços sanguíneos (May Grünwald-Giemsa) das amostras com as metodologias propostas e realizada contagem de 100 neutrófilos em microscopia óptica para determinar o percentual de neutrófilos reativos ao NBT. A análise estatística pelo método de Análise de Medidas Repetida (ANOVA) demonstrou diferenças significativas (P<0,05) entre os dois métodos e o original (A=14,4±4,6; B=1,9±1,4; C=1,1±0,9), porém apresentou alta correlação pelo teste de Spearman entre os métodos (rs=0,82 (AxB), rs=0,75 (BxC) e rs=0,93 (AxC)). Conclui-se que o teste de Redução do Tetrazólio Nitroazul (NBT) segundo a metodologia descrita por Park & Good (1970) e a redução do corante em 50% do seu volume e a sua redução associada ao congelamento por 180 dias a -20ºC podem ser realizadas em caprinos, porém os valores devem ser comparados com as respectivas metodologias utilizadas.
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Voloshynovych, M. S., G. Ye Girnyk, V. Ye Tkach, N. R. Matkovska, and N. V. Kozak. "DERMOSCOPY OF BASOSQUAMOUS CARCINOMA IN SITU." Art of Medicine 23, no. 3 (October 18, 2022): 155–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21802/artm.2022.3.23.155.
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Basosquamous carcinoma (BSC) is a rare, aggressive non-melanoma skin cancer with features that lie between those of basal cell carcinoma (BSC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). BSC incidence is less than 2% of all non-melanoma skin cancers. A lot of controversies have been raised around the classification, pathogenesis, histologic morphology, biologic behavior, prognosis, and management of this tumor. Clinical differentiation from other BCC subtypes is difficult, although dermoscopic evaluation may provide some important clues. The dermoscopic pattern of BSC combines characteristics of both BCC and SCC including unfocused arborizing vessels, white structureless areas, keratin masses, ulceration or blood crusts, white structures, blue-gray blotches, and blood spots on keratin masses.
Biopsy and histologic examination remain the gold standard diagnostic method for BSC. The main published literature describes the presence of both BCC and SCC histologic characteristics with a transition zone between them. However, there is a certain controversy regarding how these features are arranged within the lesions. The correct histologic diagnosis of a BSC can be jeopardized when the biopsy is superficial and not incisional. In this scenario, the lack of deep areas of the lesion in the sample may result in the incorrect interpretation of the tumor as a classic BCC.
Intraepidermal carcinoma (IEC) has long been considered a precancerous disease due to the fact that dysplastic and atypical cells are concentrated in the epidermis. They lack the fact of penetration through the basement membrane in order to become SCC. Modern practice refers to IEC as an SCC in situ localized extragenital.
We present a case of 63 years old patient. Erythematous macula with desquamation up to 1.3 cm in diameter, located on the chest, was revealed during the survey. At a non-polarised dermoscopy with fluid immersion there was a "gelatinous stroma" through which the dense network of multiple branched vessels is clearly visible, this is typical for BCC. But unfocused arborizing vessels were visible in some sectors, white structureless areas, keratin masses, blue-gray blotches, and blood spots on keratin masses that allow us to suspect a focal transformation in BSC. In the center, there were everal sectors filled with glomerular vessels, which is typical for IEC. The results of clinical and laboratory tests were within normal ranges. The dermoscopic picture combines changes that may point out BSC in the periphery and IEC in the central part of the formation. The fact of BSC worsens the patient's prognosis. BSC is characterized by an aggressive subclinical spread with higher rates of recurrence: 12–51%. We decided that immediate removal should be preferred. Taking into account the patient's age and accompanying pathology, a radical treatment method of removal by cryodestruction was chosen. During follow-up examinations, a normotrophic scar with a characteristic vascular pattern was formed on the patient's skin at the site of tumor removal.
Conclusions. In our opinion, such a vascular pattern in the center of the lesion can testify to the picture of the transformation of BCC to BSC. At this stage, BSC, in some parts of the formation, is within the epidermis, and can probably be considered BSC in situ, which could be usefully explored in further research.
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Ji, Jun Ho, Rock Bum Kim, Young Saing Kim, Soon Il Lee, Kyu Hyung Han, Sung Yong Oh, Seong Hee Choi, A. Young Seo, and Jung Hun Kang. "Chemotherapy versus best supportive care in patients with advanced biliary tract carcinoma: A propensity score-matched analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2016): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.4_suppl.316.
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316 Background: Although chemotherapy is endorsed by various guidelines for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC), the evidence of chemotherapy over best supportive care (BSC) is limited. However, prospective randomized trial with BSC control arm is unrealizable. The aim of this study is to investigate the survival benefit of chemotherapy over BSC in patients with advanced BTC. Methods: Advanced BTC patients with good performance status (ECOG 0-2) were eligible for the study. Data were retrospectively collected in the four tertiary cancer centers and analyzed through propensity score-matching (PSM) to minimize bias. Of 810 enrolled patients cohort, 206 patients received BSC only without any palliative chemotherapy, versus 604 patients were treated with chemotherapy. PSM analysis was performed using the following variables: Age, ECOG, Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and White blood cell (WBC). The sample size of each group was 171 patients after PSM. Overall survival (OS) was compared between the two groups using the Kaplan-Meier method and prognostic factors were investigated by cox proportional regression. Results: In pre-PSM analysis, the OS for chemotherapy group and BSC group, respectively, were as follows: total population, 15.2 vs 7.0 months (p < 0.001); metastatic disease, 12.7 vs 6.2 months (p < 0.001); locally advanced disease, 28.0 vs 13.4 months (p = 0.01); ECOG 0-1, 17.0 vs 8.8months (p < 0.001); CA 19-9 < 100, 13.9 vs 5.9 months (p = 0.001) and CA 19-9 ≥ 100, 11.8 vs 6.0 months (p < 0.001). In post-PSM 171 pair analysis, the respective OS for chemotherapy group and BSC group were depending on the prognostic factors as follows : total population, 12.7 vs 7.0 months (p < 0.001); metastatic disease, 10.9 vs 8.1 months(p= 0.001); locally advanced disease, 20.8 vs 15.9 months (p = 0.416); ECOG 0-1, 14.5 vs 11.5 months(p < 0.001); CA 19-9 < 100, 12.8 vs 12.7 months (p = 0.472) and CA 19-9 ≥ 100, 11.8 vs 8.2 months (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Chemotherapy improved OS in advanced BTC with good performance status compared BSC. However, the survival benefit was not demonstrated in BTC patients with locally advanced disease or with lower serum CA19-9 tumor marker.
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Zhao, Dongxu, Yang Zhang, Zhaoyang Jin, Ruxiao Bai, Jun Wang, Li Wu, and Yujian He. "Benzalkonium Chloride and Benzethonium Chloride Effectively Reduce Spore Germination of Ginger Soft Rot Pathogens: Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum." Journal of Fungi 10, no. 1 (December 22, 2023): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof10010008.
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Ginger soft rot is a serious soil-borne disease caused by Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum, resulting in reduced crop yields. The application of common chemical fungicides is considered to be an effective method of sterilization, and therefore, they pose a serious threat to the environment and human health due to their high toxicity. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and benzethonium chloride (BEC) are two popular quaternary ammonium salts with a wide range of fungicidal effects. In this study, we investigated the fungicidal effects of BAC and BEC on soft rot disease of ginger as alternatives to common chemical fungicides. Two soft rot pathogens of ginger were successfully isolated from diseased ginger by using the spread plate method and sequenced as F. solani and F. oxysporum using the high-throughput fungal sequencing method. We investigated the fungicidal effects of BAC and BEC on F. solani and F. oxysporum, and we explored the antifungal mechanisms. Almost complete inactivation of spores of F. solani and F. oxysporum was observed at 100 mg/L fungicide concentration. Only a small amount of spore regrowth was observed after the inactivation treatment of spores of F. solani and F. oxysporum in soil, which proved that BAC and BEC have the potential to be used as an alternative to common chemical fungicides for soil disinfection of diseased ginger.
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Paul, Eleanor, Chieh-I. Chen, Zahra Chowdhury, Yingxin Xu, Gerasimos Konidaris, Patrick R. LaFontaine, Kokuvi Atsou, Shannon Cope, Zoe Philips, and Andreas Kuznik. "Budget impact (BI) analysis of cemiplimab-rwlc for advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC) after hedgehog inhibitor (HHI) therapy in the United States." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e18830-e18830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18830.
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e18830 Background: A small proportion of patients (pts) with BCC develop advanced disease (locally advanced [la] and metastatic [m] BCC). Until recently, there was no standard treatment regimen for advanced BCC following progression on or intolerance to HHIs. Some pts received systemic therapy (ST), but most received best supportive care (BSC). Cemiplimab-rwlc is the first immunotherapy indicated in the US, fully for pts with laBCC and accelerated for mBCC, post HHIs or for whom HHIs are not appropriate. This study estimated the BI of introducing cemiplimab-rwlc in the US from a healthcare payer’s perspective. Methods: A decision analytic model was developed to estimate the BI of introducing cemiplimab-rwlc to a US healthcare system over 3 years for advanced BCC treatment following HHIs. Published data were used to estimate eligible patient population size. Reference case market shares for platinum chemotherapy (CT; 4%), nivolumab (3%), pembrolizumab (2%), vismodegib (1%), sonidegib (1%), and BSC (89%) were based on market research, as were predicted uptake of cemiplimab-rwlc and changes in market distribution of STs and BSC post-cemiplimab-rwlc launch, with most pts moving from BSC. Treatment costs were sourced from the ProspectoRx drug pricing database. Total costs (2020 US dollars [$]) to the healthcare system included costs related to treatment, disease monitoring, and mitigation of Grade 3–4 adverse events. Results: In a hypothetical US healthcare plan of 1,000,000 members, ̃32 pts per year with advanced BCC would be eligible for cemiplimab-rwlc, resulting in an average additional cost of cemiplimab-rwlc introduction of $0.12 per member per month (PMPM) over 3 years. The proportion of pts receiving ST rather than BSC was estimated to increase from 11% in 2020, prior to cemiplimab-rwlc approval, to 50% in 2023. Cemiplimab-rwlc market share is projected to increase by 41% by year 3 taking shares from BSC (–39%), HHIs (–1%), and CT (–1%). Given the large proportion of pts who currently receive BSC, the availability of cemiplimab-rwlc is expected to increase payers’ 3-year budget from $978,955 to $5,487,507 post-launch. A one-way sensitivity analysis showed that BI estimates were most sensitive to estimation of the size of the eligible population (health plan population [±20%], proportion of pts with advanced BCC [±20%], and those eligible for treatment post-HHI [±19%]), cemiplimab-rwlc treatment duration (±17%), and the cost of cemiplimab-rwlc (±17%). Changes to all other inputs had a < 5% impact. Conclusions: The introduction of cemiplimab-rwlc had a minimal BI on the average PMPM cost. Modest incremental BI is directly attributable to the projected uptake of cemiplimab-rwlc in a market where pts previously received no ST. These analyses provide new insights in the management of advanced BCC noting limited available evidence for post-HHI treatment.
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Suprapto, Budi, Raden Agoeng Bhimasta, and Ivana Elysia Sinarso. "Pendampingan BPC HIPMI Bantul dalam Pengembangan Artefak Kartu untuk Mendukung Proses Pemetaan Model Bisnis dengan Business Model Canvas." Jurnal Atma Inovasia 4, no. 4 (July 30, 2024): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/jai.v4i4.9037.
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Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendampingan kepada Badan Pengurus Cabang Himpunan Pengusaha Muda Indonesia Bantul (BPC HIPMI Bantul) dalam mengembangkan artefak kartu yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam proses pemetaan model bisnis melalui business model canvas (BMC). Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi BPC HIPMI Bantul adalah kurangnya literasi bisnis yang membuat proses pemetaan dengan BMC maupun upaya untuk berinovasi menjadi kurang maksimal. Dengan menggunakan metode design science research methodology, artefak kartu dikembangkan, didemonstrasikan dan dievaluasi manfaatnya melalui dua workshop BMC. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi yang didapatkan workshop, artefak kartu yang dikembangkan melalui PkM ini memiliki peran positif dalam membantu proses pemetaan model bisnis BMC menjadi lebih terarah, mudah, dan menarik. Artefak kartu juga diyakini dapat meningkatkan kreatifitas, kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan pada saat yang sama, juga mampu meningkatkan literasi bisnis peserta. Pengembangan artefak kartu menjadi kontribusi utama yang menjadikan kegiatan PkM ini berbeda dibandingkan dengan program-program PkM sebelumnya di bidang pemetaan model bisnis yang hanya berfokus pada pelatihan ataupun implementasi BMC.