Dissertations / Theses: 'BWB'

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Le, Moigne Alan. "A discrete Navier-Stokes adjoint method for aerodynamic optimisation of BlendedWing-Body configurations." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/826.

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An aerodynamic shape optimisation capability based on a discrete adjoint solver for Navier- Stokes flows is developed and applied to a Blended Wing-Body future transport aircraft. The optimisation is gradient-based and employs either directly a Sequential Quadratic Programming optimiser or a variable-fidelity optimisation method that combines low- and high-fidelity models. The shape deformations are parameterised using a B´ezier-Bernstein formulation and the structured grid is automatically deformed to represent the design changes. The flow solver at the heart of this optimisation chain is a Reynolds averaged Navier- Stokes code for multiblock structured grids. It uses Osher’s approximate Riemann solver for accurate shock and boundary layer capturing, an implicit temporal discretisation and the algebraic turbulence model of Baldwin-Lomax. The discrete Navier-Stokes adjoint solver based on this CFD code shares the same implicit formulation but has to calculate accurately the flow Jacobian. This implies a linearisation of the Baldwin-Lomax model. The accuracy of the resulting adjoint solver is verified through comparison with finitedifference. The aerodynamic shape optimisation chain is applied to an aerofoil drag minimisation problem. This serves as a test case to try and reduce computing time by simplifying the fidelity of the model. The simplifications investigated include changing the convergence level of the adjoint solver, reducing the grid size and modifying the physical model of the adjoint solver independently or in the entire optimisation process. A feasible optimiser and the use of a penalty function are also tested. The variable-fidelity method proves to be the most ef- ficient formulation so it is employed for the three-dimensional optimisations in addition to parallelisation of the flow and adjoint solvers with OpenMP. A three-dimensional Navier- Stokes optimisation of the ONERA M6 wing is presented. After describing the concept of Blended Wing-Body and the studies carried out on this aircraft, several aerodynamic optimisations are performed on this geometry with the capability developed in this thesis.

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Le, Moigne Alan. "A discrete Navier-Stokes adjoint method for aerodynamic optimisation of Blended Wing-Body configurations." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2002. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/826.

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An aerodynamic shape optimisation capability based on a discrete adjoint solver for Navier-Stokes flows is developed and applied to a Blended Wing-Body future transport aircraft. The optimisation is gradient-based and employs either directly a Sequential Quadratic Programming optimiser or a variable-fidelity optimisation method that combines low- and high-fidelity models. The shape deformations are parameterised using a B´ezier-Bernstein formulation and the structured grid is automatically deformed to represent the design changes. The flow solver at the heart of this optimisation chain is a Reynolds averaged Navier- Stokes code for multiblock structured grids. It uses Osher’s approximate Riemann solver for accurate shock and boundary layer capturing, an implicit temporal discretisation and the algebraic turbulence model of Baldwin-Lomax. The discrete Navier-Stokes adjoint solver based on this CFD code shares the same implicit formulation but has to calculate accurately the flow Jacobian. This implies a linearisation of the Baldwin-Lomax model. The accuracy of the resulting adjoint solver is verified through comparison with finitedifference. The aerodynamic shape optimisation chain is applied to an aerofoil drag minimisation problem. This serves as a test case to try and reduce computing time by simplifying the fidelity of the model. The simplifications investigated include changing the convergence level of the adjoint solver, reducing the grid size and modifying the physical model of the adjoint solver independently or in the entire optimisation process. A feasible optimiser and the use of a penalty function are also tested. The variable-fidelity method proves to be the most efficient formulation so it is employed for the three-dimensional optimisations in addition to parallelisation of the flow and adjoint solvers with OpenMP. A three-dimensional Navier-Stokes optimisation of the ONERA M6 wing is presented. After describing the concept of Blended Wing-Body and the studies carried out on this aircraft, several aerodynamic optimisations are performed on this geometry with the capability developed in this thesis.

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Sodzi, P. "Damage tolerant wing-fuselage integration structural design applicable to future BWB transport aircraft." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2009. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/6863.

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Wing joint design is one of the most critical areas in aircraft structures. Efficient and damage tolerant wing-fuselage integration structure, applicable to the next generation of transport aircraft, will facilitate the realisation of the benefits offered by new aircraft concepts. The Blended Wing Body (BWB) aircraft concept represents a potential revolution in subsonic transport efficiency for large airplanes. Studies have shown the BWB to be superior to conventional airframes in all key measures. Apart from the aerodynamic advantages, the BWB aircraft also provides a platform for wing-fuselage design changes. The main objective of this research is to design a damage tolerant wing-fuselage joint with a novel bird’s mouth termination for a BWB aircraft that has a similar payload range to the B767 aircraft. The damage tolerance analysis of the proposed BWB wing/fuselage integration structure includes assessments of fatigue crack growth life, residual strength and inspection capability. The proposed structure includes a bird’s mouth termination of the spars that facilitates smooth transfer of loading from the spar web into the root rib and the upper and lower skins and is novel in its application to the blended wing body configuration. A finite element analysis was required to determine local stresses for the prediction of fatigue crack growth life, residual strength and inspection capability and to identify weak spots in the proposed structure. The project aircraft wing comprises of three spars (front, centre and rear) and a false rear spar thus defining a four cell wing box. Wing root shear, bending moment and torque loads were derived and applied to a thin-walled three box idealisation of the proposed structure. The challenges experienced in replicating the loads obtained from the three box idealisation were addressed by modification of the boundary conditions. Checks for compression and shear buckling were also undertaken that confirmed that the applied loads were below the limits of the proposed structure. The finite element analysis showed very clearly that the stresses in the novel bird’s mouth spar termination were significantly lower than in the skin and that the skin remained the more critical damage tolerant component at the wing root when the structure was subjected to ultimate design stresses. The spar web at the bird’s mouth termination was shown to have a larger crack growth life compared to the skin. The thickness of the skin requires further investigation as a significant amount of local bending was experienced due to the applied pressure. The skin will sustain a two-bay crack at the design limit load thus proving the proposed wing fuselage integration structure to be damage tolerant. In conclusion, the main objective of the thesis has been achieved. An integrated wingfuselage joint with novel bird’s mouth spar termination and surrounding structure have been designed and substantiated (evaluated) by damage tolerance requirements.

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Ikeda, Toshihiro, and toshi ikeda@gmail com. "Aerodynamic Analysis of a Blended-Wing-Body Aircraft Configuration." RMIT University. Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070122.163030.

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In recent years unconventional aircraft configurations, such as Blended-Wing-Body (BWB) aircraft, are being investigated and researched with the aim to develop more efficient aircraft configurations, in particular for very large transport aircraft that are more efficient and environmentally-friendly. The BWB configuration designates an alternative aircraft configuration where the wing and fuselage are integrated which results essentially in a hybrid flying wing shape. The first example of a BWB design was researched at the Loughead Company in the United States of America in 1917. The Junkers G. 38, the largest land plane in the world at the time, was produced in 1929 for Luft Hansa (present day; Lufthansa). Since 1939 Northrop Aircraft Inc. (USA), currently Northrop Grumman Corporation and the Horten brothers (Germany) investigated and developed BWB aircraft for military purposes. At present, the major aircraft industries and several universities has been researching the BWB concept aircraft for civil and military activities, although the BWB design concept has not been adapted for civil transport yet. The B-2 Spirit, (produced by the Northrop Corporation) has been used in military service since the late 1980s. The BWB design seems to show greater potential for very large passenger transport aircraft. A NASA BWB research team found an 800 passenger BWB concept consumed 27 percent less fuel per passenger per flight operation than an equivalent conventional configuration (Leiebeck 2005). The purpose of this research is to assess the aerodynamic efficiency of a BWB aircraft with respect to a conventional configuration, and to identify design issues that determine the effectiveness of BWB performance as a function of aircraft payload capacity. The approach was undertaken to develop a new conceptual design of a BWB aircraft using Computational Aided Design (CAD) tools and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. An existing high-capacity aircraft, the Airbus A380 Contents RMIT University, Australia was modelled, and its aerodynamic characteristics assessed using CFD to enable comparison with the BWB design. The BWB design had to be compatible with airports that took conventional aircraft, meaning a wingspan of not more than 80 meters for what the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) regulation calls class 7 airports (Amano 2001). From the literature review, five contentions were addressed; i. Is a BWB aircraft design more aerodynamically efficient than a conventional aircraft configuration? ii. How does the BWB compare overall with a conventional design configuration? iii. What is the trade-off between conventional designs and a BWB arrangement? iv. What mission requirements, such as payload and endurance, will a BWB design concept become attractive for? v. What are the practical issues associated with the BWB design that need to be addressed? In an aircraft multidisciplinary design environment, there are two major branches of engineering science; CFD analysis and structural analysis; which is required to commence producing an aircraft. In this research, conceptual BWB designs and CFD simulations were iterated to evaluate the aerodynamic performance of an optimal BWB design, and a theoretical calculation of structural analysis was done based on the CFD results. The following hypothesis was prompted; A BWB configuration has superior in flight performance due to a higher Lift-to-Drag (L/D) ratio, and could improve upon existing conventional aircraft, in the areas of noise emission, fuel consumption and Direct Operation Cost (DOC) on service. However, a BWB configuration needs to employ a new structural system for passenger safety procedures, such as passenger ingress/egress. The research confirmed that the BWB configuration achieves higher aerodynamic performance with an achievement of the current airport compatibility issue. The beneficial results of the BWB design were that the parasite drag was decreased and the spanwise body as a whole can generate lift. In a BWB design environment, several advanced computational techniques were required to compute a CFD simulation with the CAD model using pre-processing and CFD software.

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Pettersson, Emil. "Design of a drone system for maritime search and rescue missions." Thesis, KTH, Flygdynamik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-290180.

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The work summarized in this report aims to investigate how a drone airplane design can be optimized to create a safer and more efficient sea rescue by providing staff with an early picture, performing search missions and aiding communication through visual contact. A flying wing is in theory one of the most efficient designs for a fixed wing aircraft, at the same time as it also offers high structural efficiency for its given size. In this report, an overview of aerodynamics, stability and flying quality for a flying wing is discussed and analysed. XFLR5 was used for this project, and a comparison between the analytical results and wind tunnel test data for a prototype was conducted. A strong correlation was found between the theoretical analyses and the wind tunnel data. A simple control solution using only one set of elevons has been proposed and simulated, resulting in Level 1 dynamic stability for all modes except Dutch-roll (where the drone’s damping is 𝜁𝑑𝑟=0.07 and the requirement for Level 1 is 𝜁𝑑𝑟=0.08). For the range of angle of attack used, the autopilot system will have to trim the drone in flight to achieve stability. As the drone only has one set of control surfaces there will be a loss of efficiency in this scenario, meaning that 𝐶𝐿/𝐶𝐷 = 15.7 for loiter speed of 15 𝑚/𝑠 and 7.9 for full speed at 35 𝑚/𝑠. In regular flight, with a total mass <1 𝑘𝑔, the drone is able to fly at full speed for 214 𝑘𝑚 or loiter for 6.3 ℎ with a battery package of 130 𝑊ℎ. As such, the objective of this project was achieved, and the proposed design met the given requirements.
betet som sammanfattas i denna rapport syftar till att undersöka huruvida ett drönar-flygplan bäst kan utformas för att skapa en säkrare och effektivare sjöräddning genom att ge räddningspersonalen en tidig överblick, utföra sökuppdrag och bistå till kommunikation genom visuell kontakt. En flygande vinge är i teorin en av de mest effektiva konstruktionerna för ett flygplan, likaså erbjuder den en hög strukturell effektivitet för en given storlek. I denna rapport diskuteras och genomförs en översikt över aerodynamik, stabilitet och flygkvalitet hos en flygande vinge. XFLR5 användes för detta projekt, och en jämförelse mellan analysresultaten och ett vindtunneltest med en prototyp genomfördes. I allmänhet är överenskommelsen mellan de teoretiska analyserna och vindtunneldatan god. En enkel lösning som enbart består av en uppsättning kontrollytor har föreslagits och simulerats, vilket resulterar i en Nivå 1 dynamisk stabilitet för alla lägen utom Dutch-roll, där drönarens dämpning är 𝜁𝑑𝑟 = 0.07 och kravet för Nivå 1 är 𝜁𝑑𝑟 = 0.08. Autopilotsystemet behöver trimma drönaren under flygning för att uppnå nödvändig stabilitet för det spann av attackvinklar som används, med endast en uppsättning kontrollytor, vilket minskar effektiviteten för BWB-drönaren till 𝐶𝐿/𝐶𝐷=15.7 för cirkuleringshastigheten på 15 𝑚/𝑠 och 7.9 för full hastighet vid 35 𝑚/𝑠. Drönaren kan flyga i full hastighet i 214 𝑘𝑚 eller cirkulera runt olycksplatsen under 6.3 timmar med ett batteripaket på 130 𝑊ℎ, med en vikt som är lägre än 1 𝑘𝑔. Målen med detta projekt uppnåddes och drönaren utformades enligt kraven.

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Zhang, Hao. "Neuroimmune communication BBB dependent and BBB independent pathways /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1193686898.

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Dillman, Raymond E. "Fat Bob." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Spring%20Theses/DILLMAN_RAYMOND_5.pdf.

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Douša, Jan. "Bob Krčil." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze.Filmová a televizní fakulta. Knihovna, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-261609.

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The life and work of Bob Krčil have so far been known from fragments and unsubstantiated legends. The aim of this essayistic piece is to lay out the deeper motives of his personal trajectory, photographic oeuvre, and activities for the Czech exile community. Krčil’s photographic body of work is inseparably connected with his eventful life. The writing of the thesis was preceded by tracking down and putting together Krčil’s fragmented estate, sorting out his correspondence and writings, and interviewing people who knew him personally. By drawing on these materials, the thesis aims to provide insight into the life and motivations of this important figure of Czech exile culture.

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Cechetti, Junior Dorremi. "Comércio eletrônico B2B." Florianópolis, SC, 2003. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/85216.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação.
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Fonte de diversos estudos em diferentes áreas do conhecimento, o Comércio Eletrônico (CE) vem tendo um papel de crescimento de utilização entre pessoas e organizações a cada ano. A evolução das TIC's (Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicações) possibilitam a disseminação do CE por grandes, médias e pequenas organizações. O Business-to-Business (B2B) é uma categoria de CE que possui aspectos comuns com as outras categorias, mas também aspectos próprios, como a interoperabilidade entre o site WEB e sistemas de back-end organizacionais. Neste trabalho estuda-se aspectos como privacidade e segurança, sistemas eletrônicos de pagamentos e o relacionamento entre clientes e fornecedores abordando aspectos do CE B2B. A interoperabilidade nos sistemas de CE B2B é um aspecto bastante considerado basicamente por: reduzir as chances de erros operacionais e possibilitar a obtenção de informação em tempo real. Inicialmente constituída pela tecnologia EDI, a interoperabilidade evolui para soluções como a tecnologia XML, adotada por grande parte dos frameworks disponíveis no mercado atual. Este trabalho estuda os principais frameworks disponíveis no mercado que propõem a interoperabilidade em sistemas de CE B2B, bem como apresenta uma estrutura utilizando a tendência tecnológica XML para demonstrar a integração de sites WEB B2B com sistemas de back-end organizacionais. O presente trabalho demonstra que a tecnologia atual torna possível o desenvolvimento de interoperabilidade entre sites WEB B2B e entidades empresariais utilizando o modelo de agregação, onde uma entidade (site WEB B2B) agrega valor para produtores, fornecedores, clientes e consumidores criando uma identificação e realizando serviços que agregam valor aos demais participantes.

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Lundahl, Robert. "Fördelar och nackdelar med B2B : en studie om hur företag upplever B2B." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-669.

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I detta arbete undersöks företag med utgångspunkt från hur de upplever B2B och då främst vilka för respektive nackdelar som upplevs. Denna undersökning är gjord genom intervjuer med personer som har erfarenhet utav B2B från olika företag runt om i Västsverige.

Rapporten inleds med en inledande introduktion och bakgrund till ämnet. En presentation av e-handel följs av en presentation utav B2B, därefter beskrivs Internetterminologi följt av en genomgång utav dagens informationssystemsutveckling.

Som grund för arbetet ligger en fallstudie gjord av Stefansson (2002), arbetet är en fortsättning utav hans arbete som var att kartlägga användandet utav EDI. Resultatet utav de intervjuer som genomförts har jämförts först internt med varandra men också med de konstateranden som Stefansson (2002) gjort.

Resultatet visar att företagen som deltagit undersökningen anser att deras satsning mot B2B har bidragit med mest positiva effekter, då framförallt att den har bidragit till mindre administrativt arbete, snabbare transaktioner och en bättre överblick av verksamheten.

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Weiß, Katja. "Verbraucherschutz durch die 312 f. BGB und 491 ff. BGB bei Sicherungsgrundschulden /." Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/396418856.pdf.

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Elias, Berg von Linde. "Medverkansansvarets räckvidd : I gränslandet mellan BrB 23:4 och BrB 23:6." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-158089.

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Lins, Susanna. "Das Fundrecht des BGB /." Frankfurt am Main ;Berlin [u.a.] : Lang, 1994. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/271845090.pdf.

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Baier, Uwe [Verfasser]. "BWT tunneling / Uwe Baier." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2021. http://d-nb.info/122799530X/34.

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Maršíková, Anna. "Zlepšování B2B procesu objednávání." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442955.

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The diploma thesis is focused on the improvement of goods ordering process through the wholesale system in a small company dealing with import of household products and gift items from Asian countries. Diploma thesis is divided into three parts. The theoretical part serves as an introduction to business processes, information systems and change management. The second part consists of an analysis of the internal environment of the company, a B2B ordering process analysis and a research on requirements for an improved version of the wholesale system. The third part is devoted to a proposal of the ordering process improvement and suggestion of a new version of the wholesale system based on the identified requirements of the process and stakeholders.

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Elizabeth, Nuñez Arana Claudia. "Marketing B2b-CM37-201602." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/633607.

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Curso de especialidad en la carrera de Comunicación y Marketing de carácter teórico dirigido a los estudiantes del noveno ciclo que busca desarrollar la competencia general de pensamiento crítico y la competencia específica de gestión comercial y de marketing.En este curso los estudiantes desarrollarán estrategias puntuales y diferenciadas de marketing para comercializar productos industriales que representan muchas veces un reto en la organización pues se trata de un sector sumamente complejo muy segmentado y especializado y con características distintivas.

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Antonio, Vizcarra Bermudez Jose, and Bendezu Valdivia Christian Leonardo. "Marketing B2b-CM37-201701." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/633608.

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Curso de especialidad en la carrera de Comunicación y Marketing de carácter teórico dirigido a los estudiantes del noveno ciclo que busca desarrollar la competencia general de pensamiento crítico y la competencia específica de gestión comercial y de marketing.En este curso los estudiantes desarrollarán estrategias puntuales y diferenciadas de marketing para comercializar productos industriales que representan muchas veces un reto en la organización pues se trata de un sector sumamente complejo muy segmentado y especializado y con características distintivas.

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Antonio, Vizcarra Bermudez Jose, and Bendezu Valdivia Christian Leonardo. "Marketing B2b-CM37-201702." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/633609.

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Curso de especialidad en la carrera de Comunicación y Marketing de carácter teórico dirigido a los estudiantes del noveno ciclo que busca desarrollar la competencia general de pensamiento crítico y la competencia específica de gestión comercial y de marketing.En este curso los estudiantes desarrollarán estrategias puntuales y diferenciadas de marketing para comercializar productos industriales que representan muchas veces un reto en la organización pues se trata de un sector sumamente complejo muy segmentado y especializado y con características distintivas.

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Leonardo, Bendezu Valdivia Christian. "Marketing B2b-CM37-201802." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/633611.

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Descripción: Curso de Marketing B2B que desarrolla el pensamiento crítico de las distintas estrategias usadas en el proceso de planeamiento estratégico para mejorar los indicadores de la gestión comercial y de marketing.Propósito: Este curso ha sido diseñado para desarrollar en el futuro profesional un profundo análisis diagnóstico y desarrollo de estrategias en un proceso de planeamiento de marketing de un modelo B2B. El curso contribuye directamente al desarrollo de la competencia general de Pensamiento Crítico a un nivel avanzado (nivel 3) y la competencia específica de Gestión Comercial y de Marketing a un nivel avanzado (nivel 3).

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Leonardo, Bendezu Valdivia Christian, Escala Pasco Enzo, and Ulloa Cadenas Jose Francisco. "Marketing B2b-CM37-201901." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/633612.

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Descripción: Curso de Marketing B2B que desarrolla el pensamiento crítico de las distintas estrategias usadas en el proceso de planeamiento estratégico para mejorar los indicadores de la gestión comercial y de marketing.Propósito: Este curso ha sido diseñado para desarrollar en el futuro profesional un profundo análisis diagnóstico y desarrollo de estrategias en un proceso de planeamiento de marketing de un modelo B2B. El curso contribuye directamente al desarrollo de la competencia general de Pensamiento Crítico y la competencia específica de Gestión Comercial y de Marketing ambas a un nivel avanzado (nivel 3).

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Hloušková, Jana. "B2B marketing v telekomunikacích." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-1532.

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Pipová, Jana. "Marketingový výskum v B2B." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-5101.

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The Diploma Thesis consists of four chapters. The first one describes B-2-B market and compare its approach to the customers with its approach to the consumers' market. Further this chapter describes the latest trends and specifics of the pharmaceutical field. The second chapter describes the marketing research and its various ways of realization. The following chapter depicts this marketing research in connection with the B-2-B market. The last chapter is the practice part of the thesis. Firstly there are the reasons that led me to realize this research. Then the main goal and the hypothesis are mentioned. The description of the researches course, its main summaries and the methodical edifications are not absent as well.

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Ek, Hanna, and Mie Månsson. "Prissättning inom B2B-företag." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54102.

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Syfte: Syftet med studien är att genom en flerfallsstudie analysera och söka förståelse för sambanden mellan prissättningsstrategier och prissättningsmetoder som tillämpas hos företag som riktar sin verksamhet främst mot andra företag, B2B. Analysen av empirin sker med hjälp av redan existerande teorier om prisstrategier och prissättningsmetoder. Trots studiens fokus på ett visst företag inom en viss bransch är ändå förhoppningen att studiens slutsatser ska kunna vara av intresse för B2B-företag med samma kostnadsstrukturer. Metod: Ramen för studien utgörs av en deduktiv ansats med kvalitativ undersökningsdesign. Företagen i studien har studerats genom en flerfallsstudie med semistrukturerade intervjuer som metod för att insamla data. Teoretisk referensram: Uppsatsens teoretiska del innefattar teorier från företagsekonomisk forskning som förklarar vanliga prisstrategier, prissättningsmetoder och dess funktioner. Begreppen Price Waterfall och Strategic Fit har behandlats för att i analysen kunna se hur väl företagens övriga aktiviteter integrerar med prissättningsprocessen. Slutsats: Målet med denna studie är att besvara frågeställningen: Vilka samband finns det mellan prissättningsstrategier och prissättningsmetoder inom B2B-fötetag? Resultatet visar att det finns tydliga samband på flera områden. Det finns flera slutsatser att dra av denna studie, men den viktigaste slutsatsen är: För att vinstmaximera sina prisstrategier måste man hitta samband med flera olika prissättningsmetoder och arbeta med dessa på ett aktivt sätt i hela organisationen
Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and seek knowledge about the connection between pricing strategy and pricing methods in B2B companies. The analysis was conducted with help from already exciting theory about pricing strategy and pricing methods. Even though the study is conducted on a small amount of companies in a special branch, the ambition is that this thesis could be of interest for B2B-companies with the same structures of cost. Method: The thesis uses a deductive and qualitative approach. The data is collected from a case study conducted through semi-structured interviews. Theoretical framework: The base of the theoretical approach is a number of theories from business and specialist literature that have explained common pricing strategy and pricing methods. The concept of Price Waterfall and Strategic Fit is used to analyze how the companies’ activities integrate with the pricing process. Conclusion: The purpose of this study is to answer the question: What is the relationship between pricing strategies and pricing practices in B2B companies? The result shows that there are clear links in several areas. There are several conclusions to draw from this study, but the main conclusion is that to maximize profits the pricing strategies must be associated with several different pricing methods and work with them in an active way in the whole organization

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Dornheim, Bertram. "Sanktionen und ihre Rechtsfolgen im BGB unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des 241 a BGB /." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/480350418.pdf.

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Böhm, Jannic. "Regulation der BOB. 1-OBF. 1-Expression und der BOB. 1-OBF. 1-Proteinstabilität." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964213389.

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Wieczorek, Andreas. "Die Erlösherausgabe bei 281 BGB : eine Untersuchung zu Umfang und Grenzen des 281 BGB /." Frankfurt am Main ;Berlin [u.a.] : Lang, 1995. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/271842628.pdf.

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Cerimagic, Lejla, and Sigrid Aronson. "Att mäta kundnöjdhet inom B2B : B2B relationen mellan leverantör & distributör i en tjänstefieringskontext." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176962.

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Title: Measuring customer satisfaction within B2B: The B2B relationship between supplierand distributor in a servitization context. Authors: Sigrid Aronson & Lejla Cerimagic Supervisor: Ramsin Yakob Background: The importance of relationships has increased along with the servitizationprocess of many manufacturers. The servitization leads companies to include several parties in their network. The specific relationship between manufacturer and distributor is found within many of these networks. Such B2B relationships, are crucial yet complex in its nature. However, limited research has been conducted dealing with this topic. Long term relationships are generally important within the B2B context; Thus, it is important to develop and keep these relationships. Consequently, it is important to keep the B2B customer satisfied. By measuring customer satisfaction, the manufacturer obtains an image of their performance in customer satisfaction. Measuring customer satisfaction within the B2B context tends to be a complex subject yet limited research has been done on this topic. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to create an understanding of the relationalconsequences of servitization for customer satisfaction measurement within B2Brelationships. Methodology: The study is based on a case study of an international manufacturer. Thestudy contains several analysis units which consist of worldwide distributors, both internal and external. The study was conducted through a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews and participatory observations at the case company. Conclusion: The research findings indicate that individuals who are directly involved in the B2B relationship, from both customer and manufacturer side, are an important source of information and insight in how the customer satisfaction measure should be designed, conducted and followed up on. The customer contributes to an insight into the needs and expectations which could contribute to the design of the customer satisfaction measure as well as with information about relevant respondents. The person that works closest to the customer has also turned out to play an important role for the design of the measure as well as for the interpretation of its results. The customer satisfaction measure has also shown to be affected by frequency of the measure, follow-up, actions and anonymity (honesty); which is why these measures should be considered when measuring customer satisfaction within the B2B context.
Titel: Att mäta kundnöjdhet inom B2B kontexten: B2B relationen mellan leverantör & distributör i en tjänstefieringskontext Författare: Sigrid Aronson & Lejla Cerimagic Handledare: Ramsin Yakob Problematisering: Relationers betydelse har ökat till följd av den tjänstefieringen som sker hos många tillverkningsföretag. I och med tjänstefieringen inkluderar företag allt oftare fler parter i dess nätverk. I dessa nätverk kan man återfinna den specifika relationen mellan leverantör och distributör vilket är en avgörande men komplex B2B- relation där forskningen tycks vara begränsad. Generellt är det viktigt med långsiktiga relationer inom B2B där det är viktigt att arbeta för att utveckla och kvarhålla dessa relationer. Därmed tycks det också vara viktigt att säkerställa att kunden inom B2B kontexten är nöjd. Genom att mäta kundnöjdheten får leverantören därmed ett svar på hur väl de presterar inom kundnöjdhet. Mätning av kundnöjdhet inom B2B kontexten tycks dock vara nedtonad forskningsmässigt och till det hör också att det anses vara ett komplext område. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att skapa förståelse för de relationsmässiga konsekvenser som tjänstefieringen medfört i mätning av kundnöjdhet inom B2B relationer. Metod: Denna studie är en enfallsstudie där fallet avser ett internationellt tillverkningsföretag. I studien ingår flertalet analysenheter vilka utgörs av distributörer världen över, både interna och externa. Studien genomförs med en kvalitativ metod och innehåller semistrukturerade intervjuer samt deltagande observationer på fallföretaget. Slutsats: Studiens resultat visar på att de personer som är involverade i B2B relationen från både kundens och leverantörens sida utgör en viktig källa till information och insikt i hur kundnöjdhetsmätningen bör utformas, genomföras samt följas upp. Kunden bidrar till insikt i behov och förväntningar som bidrar till utformningen men även information om relevanta deltagare för mätningen. Den person som arbetar närmast kunden är viktig för mätningens utformning likväl tolkning av dess resultat. Kundnöjdhetsmätningens resultat har även visat sig kunna påverkas av sådant som frekvens, uppföljning och åtgärder samt anonymitet (ärlighet) varför även dessa bör tas i beaktande vid mätning av kundnöjdheten inom B2B kontexten.

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Alexandersson, Erik, Andrea Martin, and Jonas Ortman. "Att mäta tjänstekvalité inom B2B." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Business Studies, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8793.

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Syftet med denna uppsats är att analysera hur tjänstekvalité inom B2B kan utvärderas samt att analysera om ViewsCapture, en frågeteknik med öppna frågor där respondenten själv kategoriserar sina egna kommentarer, kan tillföra något till befintliga metoder. Vidare avses att koppla samman utvärderingsmetoder med de olika syften företag har för att mäta kvalité.

Uppsatsen byggs upp av en omfattande litteraturstudie om vad tjänster och tjänstekvalité är, samt varför det är viktigt att utvärdera tjänstekvalité inom B2B. De utvärderingsmetoder som beskrivs i uppsatsen är dels attributbaserade och dels händelsebaserade metoder. Empiridelen består av material från Unified Dialogs AB som har utvecklat frågetekniken ViewsCapture som sedan analyseras tillsammans med befintliga metoder.

Undersökningen visar att tjänstekvalité handlar om att infria de förväntningar kunden har på en tjänst. Om kunderna skiljer sig signifikant ifrån varandra faller det sig naturligt att mer kvalitativa och mindre standardiserade metoder bör passa bättre. Det beror på att varje kund är unik och tillvägagångssättet många gånger inte är standardiserat, därför är det svårare att på förhand generalisera kring vad företagets kunder finner problematiskt. Genom användning av ViewsCaptures frågeteknik med öppna frågor skapas förutsättningar för att vidareutveckla de befintliga mätmetoderna i syfte att bättre tjäna företags och forskares syften för mätningen. Detta görs exempelvis genom att inhämtning av djupare information från attributbaserade mätmetoder möjliggörs samt att analys av de öppna svaren från en händelsebaserad metod underlättas.

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Pheiler-Cox, Petra. "Präzisierung des Paragraph 1381 BGB /." Göttingen : Sierke, 2009. http://d-nb.info/994275943/04.

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Binckebanck, Lars. "Interaktive Markenführung im B2B-Verkauf /." Sankt Gallen : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/511107374.pdf.

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Universiẗat, Diss.--St. Gallen, 2006.
Auch als Buchhandelsausg. u.d.T.: Interaktive Markenführung : der Persönliche Verkauf als Instrument des Markenmanagements im B2B-Geschäft. Zsfassung in engl. Sprache.

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Lindner, Andrea. "Irreführende Gewinnzusagen nach 661a BGB /." Berlin : BWV, Berliner Wiss.-Verl, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/526813733.pdf.

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Morina, Albana, and Luna Zeweldi. "B2B Sales : Kriterier för leverantörsval." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-13474.

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Business-to-Business (B2B) beskriver relationen mellan två företag där ett företag säljerprodukter eller tjänster till ett annat företag. I dagens konkurrenshårda marknad gäller det för ett företag att ständigt sträva efter att ligga ett steg före för att öka chansen att överleva. Dessutom kan dagens kunder söka och jämföra det de vill ha med bara ett klick på internet vilket leder till att företag förväntas att ständigt förbättra och utveckla sina produkter för att tillfredsställa sina kunder. Syftet med detta arbete är att ta reda på vad kunderna anser är viktigt vid val av leverantör och om miljöaspekten är avgörande för kunden vid val avleverantörer. En litteraturundersökning som kompletterades med en enkätundersökning genomfördes för att få svar på vilka av de fyra aspekter (kvalité, miljö, service, pris) är avgörande vid val av leverantör. Gruppen har använt sig av ett företag inom textil- och konfektionsbranschen som utgångspunkt för vilka företag enkäterna skulle skickas till. Undersökningen baseras främst på företag inom hotellbranschen i områdena Göteborg, Borås, Varberg och Falkenberg. Gruppen har använt sig av enkäter där deltagarna tillfrågades hur avgörande aspekterna kvalité, miljö, pris och service är vid val av leverantör av arbetskläder. Resultatet av litteraturstudien visar att kvalité och service är avgörande vid val av leverantör i ett B2B sammanhang och att pris inte är lika avgörande. Resultatet av enkätundersökning visar att samtliga hotell som deltog i undersökningen anser att det mest avgörande vid val avleverantör är kvalité och näst viktigast är miljö. Service och pris hamnade på en tredjerespektive fjärde plats i rangordning.
Business-to-Business (B2B) describes the relationship between two companies where one company sells products or services to another company. In today's highly competitive market, businesses are forced to continually improve and develop their products in order to satisfy their customers. In addition, today's customers can search and compare what they want just with just one click on the internet, which means that companies are expected to constantly improve and develop their products to survive in the highly competitive market. The purpose of this work is to find out what customers consider important in choosing a supplier and whether the environmental aspect is crucial for the customer in choosing suppliers. A literature study supplemented with a survey was conducted to find answer on which of the four aspects (quality, environment, service, price) is crucial in selecting a supplier. The group has used a company in the textile and clothing industry as the starting point for which companies the questionnaires were to be sent to. The survey is primarily based on companies in the hotel industry in the areas of Gothenburg, Borås, Varberg and Falkenberg. The group has used questionnaires where participants were asked how crucial aspects of quality, environment, price and service are when choosing a supplier of work clothes. The outcome of the literature study shows that quality and service are crucial in choosing a supplier in a B2Bcontext and that price is not as crucial. The results from the survey indicate that all hotels participated in the survey find that the most crucial in choosing a supplier is quality and the second most important is the environment. Service and award ended in a third and fourth place in ranking.

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Chun, John Hwan. "Modeling of BWR water chemistry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13660.

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Narravula, Tharunidhar 1961. "B2B strategy for network operations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9221.

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Thesis (S.M.M.O.T.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Management of Technology Program, 2000.
Also available online at the DSpace at MIT website.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-72).
The telecommunications industry is highly competitive. Many of the players in the Carrier, Commercial and Network Construction Service markets are looking to have financial, personnel, marketing, other resources and other competitive advantages such as B2B Internet services. Increased consolidation and· strategic alliances in the industry, resulting from the Telecommunications Act of 1996 is giving rise to significant new competition in the industry. In addition to this, the advent of the Internet has made the traditional circuit-switched telephony no longer efficient and economical, and to a certain extent obsolete. The less expensive and easily maintainable IP-switched networks are in greater demand. Information age has made Ecommerce the process of empowering the organizations for information exchange using digital technology. This study includes an analysis of the effect of the above factors on a network operator's business. It also consists of the case studies of two new-age network operators, Level 3 and Qwest.
by Tharunidhar Narravula.
S.M.M.O.T.

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Pereira, Joana Rita Martins. "Inbound marketing no segmento B2B." Master's thesis, FEUC, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/24793.

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Relatório de estágio do mestrado em Gestão, apresentado à Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra, sob a orientação de Marcelo Amado Garcia da Rocha Torres e Pedro Mendes.
Este relatório tem como objetivo a descrição das atividades desenvolvidas durante o estágio realizado em Marketing & Business Development na Unidade de Negócios Oil & Gas da empresa ISA – Intelligent Sensing Anywhere, SA, em Coimbra, com início no dia 21 de fevereiro de 2013 e término a 2 de julho de 2013, sendo parte integrante do Mestrado em Gestão da Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra. Com o objetivo de abordar as novas oportunidades que o marketing enfrenta, é feita uma caracterização do Inbound Marketing que se apresenta como uma tendência com potencial no segmento B2B, potenciando o relacionamento com o público-alvo e verificando-se como técnica efetiva na criação de leads a menor custo para a empresa. O presente relatório encontra-se dividido em três capítulos: no primeiro é feita uma revisão da literatura, caracterizando o Inbound Marketing e o Mercado de Gás de Petróleo Liquefeito; no segundo capítulo são apresentadas a empresa, as oportunidades identificadas para esta, bem como as tarefas realizadas durante o período de estágio; no terceiro e último capítulo é feita uma análise crítica, tecendo as devidas conclusões em torno do trabalho realizado na qualidade de colaboradora do departamento de marketing.

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Hesse, Elfi, Juliane Baier, and Knut Schmidtke. "Das BOB-Servicepaket für FDM." Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden, 2019. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36479.

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Auf dem Poster erfolgt die Vorstellung des vom BMBF geförderten Projektes „Vernetztes Forschungsdatenmanagement an Hochschulen für angewandte Wissenschaften am Beispiel der HTW Dresden – FoDaMa HTWD“. Der dem Projekt zugrundeliegende Vernetzungsgedanke ist der Idee geschuldet, dass nicht jede Institution (unabhängig von fachlicher Ausrichtung, Größe, Struktur und verfügbaren Personalressourcen) die gleichen Services aufbauen kann und muss. Zur Verdeutlichung wird der von OCLC in der Reportserie „The Realities of Research Data Management“ vorgestellte Handlungsrahmen und dessen einzelne Komponenten zur Etablierung von FDM-Services an Hochschulen mithilfe des BOB-Servicepakets für FDM auf die HTW Dresden übertragen und Hintergründe und Anwendungsempfehlungen für Hochschulen aufgezeigt. Über die drei Hauptkomponenten im Servicepaket „Bildung – Organisation - Beratung“ bietet sich für Hochschulen ein Handlungsrahmen zum Aufbau von FDM-Services, der sich individuell an die Möglichkeiten und Bedarfe der eigenen Institution anpassen lässt.

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Soma, Kovács István. "Simplified Simulator for BWR Instabilities." Thesis, KTH, Fysik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210626.

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Dornheim, Bertram [Verfasser]. "Sanktionen und ihre Rechtsfolgen im BGB unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des § 241 a BGB. / Bertram Dornheim." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1238344240/34.

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Elgueta, Suárez Felipe Gonzalo, Montt José Miguel Maluenda, and Merani Andrés Ignacio Villagrán. "Emprendimiento digital para empresas B2B : identificación de oportunidad y plan de negocios para cuponera B2B." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/114921.

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Seminario para optar al grado de Ingeniero Comercial, Mención Administración
El objetivo de este seminario es presentar un plan de negocios de un emprendimiento digital que hemos desarrollado en conjunto durante estos meses. Para contextualizar se trata de un portal de ventas online basado en el conocido sistema de “cuponeras online”, sin embargo, la diferencia con las que ya existen en el mercado es que se trata de cuponeras B2B, es decir, los clientes o consumidores de estos cupones también serán empresas (no personas) y por lo tanto también podrían ser los anunciantes, generando así una comunidad de empresas entre anunciantes y consumidores. Primero comenzamos identificando la oportunidad de negocio y analizando la industria en la cual se encontrará el emprendimiento. También se presentará un benchmarking con otras empresas posicionadas tanto en Chile como en el extranjero y se evaluará el gran éxito que estas han tenido. Luego continuamos definiendo y desarrollando el modelo de negocios de este emprendimiento, considerando tanto análisis del interior de la empresa como del entorno industrial en el que se desarrollará, mostrando el segmento de clientes a cual se dirige, su propuesta de valor, su estructura de costos y fuentes de ingresos entre otras características importantes. Posteriormente consideramos todos los pasos de un plan de negocios, donde dentro de un plan de marketing desarrollamos una campaña de medios, argumentando el por qué la elección de cada uno de ellos, la estrategia, medición y el presupuesto necesario para llevarla a cabo. Este plan de medios explicará también al segmento al que va dirigido y cómo lograremos llegar a este. También tenemos un plan de financiamiento, en el cual escogeremos las fuentes necesarias para el correcto desarrollo de este proyecto, así como también el plan de inversiones, donde se muestran todas las inversiones que se realizarían una vez puesto en marcha el emprendimiento, como por ejemplo maquinaria y equipos. Finalmente terminaremos este seminario con unas conclusiones donde se explicará lo viable de este emprendimiento y lo beneficioso que podría ser para las pymes y emprendedores. También se mencionará la relevancia que tiene el plan de financiamiento, ya que este será el que nos permitirá conseguir nuestros objetivos generales y específicos, y finalmente poder obtener los resultados esperados

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Israel, Florian. "Die intrafamiliären Rechte des BGB : eine Betrachtung der Stellung des Verwandtenpflichtteilsrechts im BGB und im Verfassungsrecht /." Frankfurt, M. ; Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York, NY Oxford Wien : Lang, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990412067/04.

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Ullberg, Matilda, Alexandra Greus, and Sofia Dollerup. "Does the Experience really matter in B2B? : A Qualitative Study on Customer Experience Management in B2B." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44041.

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Background: The concept of Customer Experience Management (CEM) is growing as a marketing tool used in order to remain a competitive actor on the market. By designing a customer experience, companies are able to differentiate themselves by offering a holistic customer experience. Problem: The existing body of knowledge regarding CEM in the B2B setting is limited. However, recent studies have begun to examine the fact that the buying process in B2B does not only concern task related and rational decision-making criteria, but also that emotional consideration plays a part in the buying process. Additionally, during recent years the Office Space Interior Solutions (OSIS) companies have gone through the development from selling simple furniture to offering activity-based environments as well as using a profile as design companies. Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to create an understanding regarding how the phenomena of CEM is implemented within the B2B industry, more specifically Swedish OSIS companies within the regions of Småland and Västra Götaland. Method: Through semi-structured interviews with four case companies that all are operating within the OSIS industry, qualitative data has been collected and analysed through a thematic analysis approach. The answers have later been revised through a conceptual framework that has been identified through a review of existing literature concerning CEM. Result: The findings suggested that OSIS companies do practice all the dimensions identified in the conceptual framework regarding customer experience and experience value. However, implementing the dimensions as a holistic experience design did not seem to be practiced by the companies. Finally, by providing a customer experience, OSIS companies are able to influence the purchase intentions, establish relationships and generate WOM which in turn can attract and retain customers.

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Alzahar, Abeer, and Sarah Tariq. "Adopting CS towards International Hotels' B2B customers in international markets : A Qualitative study in B2B context." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-90126.

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Background: As mentioned by the hoteliers in our study, the Saudi Arabian markets are not in a full usage or application of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). There have been several reviews formed by the United Nation Development Program show the efforts done by the different sectors of the country to reach the 2030 Agenda which aim for a sustainable development. Sustainability became a requirement for any business to start in the region. CS has changed the way Saudi hotels market are conducting their business a few years ago. Besides that, doing business online has also been an important factor of this change. In many cases, being sustainable might be very costly to apply to many kinds of businesses, and for that reason companies must plan well. So, the companies should take into consideration several factors that might affect their relation with their B2B customers. Problem Discussion: There has been a huge pressure from customers and the public on companies to perform their business in an environmentally sustainable way. The increased number of hotels which led to higher competition in the region causing the companies in the hotels industry to carefully manage their B2B relationship. Second is the obligatory laws for companies to apply CS actions. Sustainable behaviors have today grown to become a compulsion to practice; however, these actions are not limited to the B2C sector of a business, CS has become a vital part of marketing strategies for business within B2B markets. In spite CS has proven to be advantageous to be practiced with B2B customers, the research on the subject has been very limited. The research and studies towards CS and CSR have been limited to B2C markets Due to the lack of enough research on the subject of being sustainability and its relationship to B2B customers, this paper will dig deep to fill this gap. Purpose: The aim of this research paper is to uncover the hotels CS and CSR strategies that hoteliers’ practice with their B2B customers. While also considering the aspect of CS in markets where these hotels are gradually indulging into it, such as the Saudi Arabian Market. This research paper’s goal is to analyze and study different approaches for hoteliers that could be beneficial for them focused towards their business customer and guide them to gain competitive advantage and turn it into a profitable business decision through building and strengthening their relationships with their B2B customers. Research Question:

What are the current CS strategies practiced by international five-star hotel chains situated in Saudi Arabia? 2. How can these hotel’s CS strategies be developed and adopted to positively influence and strengthen its relationship with their B2B customers internationally? Methodology: The authors of this study have been using qualitative method as their research approach which gave them the way in order to deeply understand the application of CS actions and its relation with the pricing strategies chosen by the companies in the hotel industry. The theory was collected from different database, and the empirical data was collected from 9 interviews within 3 hotels. The data collected was from high ranked journals. As for the type of interviews, it was semi-structured interviews. The authors used open questions to give a space to the interviewees to discuss in depth the topic of the question. Conclusion: This study shows that within the hotel industry social sustainability dimension of CS and instrumental theories of CSR, these hotels could develop and strengthen their relationships with their B2B customers as well as suppliers. Within the academic literature CS has been categorized into three sections; environment, that actions to sustain the planet, social, that is working for the welfare of the people and lastly economical that is the financial benefits gained from CS activities. In this study, the authors concluded that the international five-star hotel chains residing within Saudi Arabia have not been actively working toward their CS and CSR behaviors.

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43

Calafiore, Monica. "Il marketing assicurativo nei mercati B2B." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.

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Abstract:

Il seguente elaborato di tesi si pone come obiettivo l’analisi del marketing assicurativo con particolare focus al mercato B2B (Business to Business). Per fare ciò si è partiti da un’analisi generale del mondo assicurativo fino ad arrivare all’analisi di tre casi di studio, relativi alle compagnie Allianz, Generali e Unipol. Per completare il quadro di riferimento è stato analizzato il canale distributivo delle compagnie, rappresentato da agenti e broker.

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Perérs, Tomas, Fredrik Ryberg, and Martin Svensson. "Positioneringsbeslutsmodellen : För ett litet B2B företag." Thesis, University of Kalmar, Baltic Business School, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-2349.

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Abstract:

The purpose of this essay is to analyze theories about positioning that will create an image of the positioning process, which we later on shall benchmark with other companies way to position their brand. By this, we want to obtain a well-documented work on how Luma Metall AB should work with the positioning on its brand in the future. This essay is based on a qualitative method that is characterized by an abductive approach. The empirical materials we have gathered through interviews with 5 selected persons that are well experienced on the subject have given us important information. We have come to a conclusion how a small company in a B2B market can position itself. With support of theoretical and empirical studies we have created a model for positioning decisions that shows how a company with these criteria can proceed. We have also come to a conclusion about which type of marketing communication channels that are most efficient for a small company in a B2B market. The essay final chapter is based on our own thoughts and ideas, also the material that we collected from our interviews that we have presented in the chapter empirical and theoretical analysis.

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Pritchard, Barbara Elizabeth. "Case study, Bob Boyer the artist." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ32223.pdf.

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Söderström, Eva. "B2B standards implementation : issues and solutions /." Kista : Institutionen för data- och systemvetenskap, Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-266.

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Barbaro, Josie. "Bob Hawke : riding the consensus wave /." Title page and contents only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arb229.pdf.

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Niermeier, Florian. "Der Teilleistungsbegriff im Leistungsstörungsrecht des BGB /." Hamburg : Kovač, 2007. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/978-3-8300-3133-8.htm.

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Hartl, Sabine Michaela. "Der Mäklervertrag des BGB - noch zeitgemäß? /." Regensburg : Roderer, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/331515237.pdf.

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Ouyang, Sufang. "Gesamthypothek und Gesamtgrundschuld nach dem BGB." Hamburg Kovač, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992892430/04.

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