Relevant bibliographies by topics / Butterfly species

Academic literature on the topic 'Butterfly species'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Butterfly species"

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Setiawan, Rendy, Hari Sulistiyowati, and Firdausi Wulandari. "The Composition and Diversity of Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in Jember University." Natural Science: Journal of Science and Technology 9, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/25411969.2020.v9.i3.15254.

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Jember University (UNEJ) has 40% of green area that covered by various plants and trees as the insect habitats, such as butterfly. The butterflies use plants as a source of food and hostplant that support the diversity of butterfly species. The aim of this study was determined the composition and diversity of butterflly species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in UNEJ. The data collection using road sampling method at all UNEJ’s faculties. The identification obtained 30 species of butterflies include to 3 family and 22 genus with a total individual of 330. The diversity of butterflies is 2.826 which is included in the medium category.
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Wang, Lu, Hui Wang, Yuhang Zha, Heyi Wei, Fusheng Chen, and Juping Zeng. "Forest Quality and Available Hostplant Abundance Limit the Canopy Butterfly of Teinopalpus aureus." Insects 13, no. 12 (November 24, 2022): 1082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13121082.

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Hostplant limitation is a key focus of the spatial interaction between a phytophagous butterfly and a hostplant. The possible drivers related to the hostplants are species richness, abundance, or availability, but no consensus has been reached. In this study, we investigated the butterfly–hostplant interaction using the case of the forest canopy butterfly T. aureus in Asia, whose narrow distribution is assumed to be limited by its exclusive hostplant, Magnoliaceae, in tropic and subtropic regions. We recorded the Magnoliaceae species, as well as plant and butterfly individuals in transect, and we collected tree traits and topography variables. The results confirm that this butterfly is limited by the hostplants of their larval stage. The hostplants occurred exclusively in the middle-mountain region, with preference only for primeval forests. The hostplant resource was superior in the middle-mountain region, particularly concentrating in primeval forests. The hostplant’s abundance, together with altitude and habitat types, was critical to this butterfly’s occurrence, while those hostplant trees with an exposed crown, which are demanded by this butterfly in its oviposition, were the best drivers of positive butterfly–hostplant interactions. Therefore, the hostplant’s limitation was mainly determined by the availability of the hostplant. This case study supports the hypothesis that the limitation on this butterfly’s occurrence was driven by the hostplant’s availability, and it suggests that protecting high-quality forests is a valuable activity and essential in the conservation of canopy butterflies.
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Medeiros, Adalberto, Emanoel Pereira Gualberto, Rafael Pereira Rodrigues, and Solange Maria Kerpel. "Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of the Restinga de Cabedelo National Forest, Paraíba State, Brazil." EntomoBrasilis 14 (December 10, 2021): e970. http://dx.doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v14.e970.

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Restinga forests are plant formations that occur on plains of quaternary sandy deposits along the Brazilian coast. Despite historical reduction of the Restinga forests, little effort has been made to know the butterfly fauna of these areas. This paper is an important contribution to the butterfly’s knowledge, being the second inventory in the Restinga forest of northeastern Brazil. The survey was conducted in the Restinga de Cabedelo National Forest (FLONA de Cabedelo, following the Portuguese abbreviation) and aimed to provide preliminary information on the butterflies richness in this region. A total of 89 butterfly species and 1,503 individuals were recorded at FLONA de Cabedelo. Hesperiidae was the richest family (34 species), followed by Nymphalidae (33) Pieridae (eight), Lycaenidae (seven), Riodinidae (five), and Papilionidae (two). In general, the butterfly fauna of the FLONA de Cabedelo is dominated by species widely distributed and commonly found in open or forested areas in Brazil. Five species are new records in Paraíba state: Calydna sturnula (Geyer), Theope foliorum (Bates), Cogia hassan (Butler), Vehilius inca (Scudder), and Chiothion asychis (Stoll). We suggest carrying out monthly samplings which will certainly increase the list of species herein presented.
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Kimsanbaev, X. X., R. A. Jumaev, and L. A. Abduvosiqova. "Determination Of Effective Parasite-Entomofag Species In The Management Of The Number Of Family Representatives In Pieridae." American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering 03, no. 06 (June 18, 2021): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/volume03issue06-18.

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The article covers studies that cabbage white butterfly is considered a dangerous pest common in vegetable crops and can cause great harm by feeding on more than 10 species of cabbage crops. Also, such pests as cabbage white butterfly, turnip white butterfly and rap white butterfly have been covered in scientific research to prevent the death of up to 60-65% of the crop in cabbage, turnip, radish and radish crops in mammal conditions.
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Caruthers, Jennet, and Diane Debinski. "Montane Meadow Butterfly Species Distributions in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 30 (January 1, 2006): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2006.3657.

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The composition of butterfly communities is a good indicator of changing environmental conditions. Butterflies have tight associations with the plant community due to their dependence on plants throughout their life history. These associations make butterfly distributions predictable based on the plant communities. Butterfly abundance data have been collected annually since 1997 within montane meadow sites characterized along a hydrologic gradient within the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. From this research, community composition may be predictable relative to future climatic changes and key habitat constraints. Identifying such variables is important for butterfly conservation.
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Cancela, Juan Pablo, and Sasha Vasconcelos. "Ornamental plantings of Arbutus unedo L. facilitate colonisations by Charaxes jasius (Linnaeus, 1767) in Madrid province, central Spain." Nota Lepidopterologica 42, no. 1 (June 12, 2019): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.42.34620.

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The distribution of butterfly species is limited by availability of larval host plants growing in suitable climatic conditions. The Two-tailed Pasha, Charaxesjasius (Linnaeus, 1767), is a Mediterranean butterfly with only sporadic historical records in Madrid, Spain’s most central province, where the host plant is uncommon and winters are colder than in most parts of the butterfly’s range. We show the first evidence of juvenile stages of the species in two towns of north-central Madrid and compile records of C.jasius from Madrid over the past four decades. Our results suggest that, in the absence of widespread host plants, C.jasius is using suburban ornamental plantings of its host plant to colonise a region which may be becoming more climatically suitable.
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Vickery, Margaret. "Gardens as an Aid to the Conservation of some Butterfly Species." Science Progress 90, no. 4 (October 2007): 223–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/003685007x228739.

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The Butterfly Conservation national garden butterfly survey aimed to formulate the perfect butterfly garden. Adult butterflies feed on sugary substances whilst their larvae eat highly specific plants which vary according to butterfly species. Many male butterflies need territorial perches, while some species need places to hibernate for the winter and all need roosting sites at night and during bad weather. Being cold blooded, butterflies also need places where they can absorb energy from the sun. We needed to discover if gardens were providing these requirements and if not, how they could be provided.
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Sari, Herlina Putri Endah, Sofia Ery Rahayu, Masjhudi ., and Fury Fauziah. "STUDY OF BUTTERFLY SPECIES AT KONDANG MERAK BEACH SOUTHERN MALANG AREA." KnE Life Sciences 2, no. 1 (September 20, 2015): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v2i1.220.

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<p>There are many variants of butterfly species living at Kondang Merak beach Southern Malang, Indonesia, but the information about their diversity has notbeen available yet. This research aimed to determine the diversity of butterfly species at Kondang Merak beach. This research was conducted in April 2013. The butterfly was captured using insect nett with standart walk method. This research found the total of 40 butterflies species belong to 5 families, i.e. Pieridae (15 species), Nymphalidae (14 species), Papilionidae (5 spesies), Lycaenidae (5 spesies) and Hesperidae (1 species). Ideopsis juventa from family of Nymphalidae is the most abundant species in this area. Further research is necessary in order to provide more complete database about the diversity of butterfly at Kondang Merak beach. </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Butterfly, Lepidoptera, Kondang Merak beach</p>
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Lodh, Rahul, and Basant Kumar Agarwala. "Inventory of butterfly fauna (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) of Tripura, India, in the Indo-Myanmar biogeographical zone, with records of threatened taxa." Check List 11, no. 2 (February 27, 2015): 1591. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/11.2.1591.

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The Tripura province of northeast India, situated in the western fringe of the Indo-Myanmar biodiversity hotspot was extensively explored for butterfly fauna. We surveyed 28 wild and managed locations in the hot and humid environment of Tripura province (2009–2012) across different landscape gradients to observe and record butterfly diversity. We report here 212 butterfly species, 65 of which are considered threatened including 41 species protected by Indian Wildlife Protection Act 1972. Thirty-eight species are categorized as threatened by IUCN including one species also by CITES. We recorded the abundance of each butterfly species to highlight the population status of individual butterfly species in order to reveal the status of their conservation in Tripura, in India, and also at global scale. Geographic distribution of 142 species is extended to Tripura. Results of this study form a baseline data on the diversity and conservation of butterflies in this biodiversity hotspot.
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Andrian, Rico, Devi Maharani, Meizano Ardhi Muhammad, and Akmal Junaidi. "Butterfly identification using gray level co-occurrence matrix (glcm) extraction feature and k-nearest neighbor (knn) classification." Register: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Sistem Informasi 6, no. 1 (December 4, 2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26594/register.v6i1.1602.

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Gita Persada Butterfly Park is the only breeding of engineered in situ butterflies in Indonesia. It is located in Lampung and has approximately 211 species of breeding butterflies. Each species of Butterflies has a different texture on its wings. The Limited ability of the human eye to distinguishing typical textures on butterfly species is the reason for conducting a research on butterfly identification based on pattern recognition. The dataset consists of 600 images of butterfly’s upper wing from six species: Centhosia penthesilea, Papilio memnon, Papilio nephelus, Pachliopta aristolochiae, Papilio peranthus and Troides helena. The pre-processing stage is conducted using scaling, segmentation and grayscale methods. The GLCM method is used to recognize the characteristics of butterfly images using pixel distance and Angular direction 0o, 45o, 90o and 135o. The features used is angular second moment, contrast, homogeneity and correlation. KNN classification method in this study uses k values1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21 and 23 based on the Rule of Thumb. The result of this study indicate that Centhosia penthesilea and Papilio nephelus classes can be classified properly compared to the other 4 classes and require a classification time of 2 seconds at each angular orientation. The highest accuracy is 91.1% with a value of in the angle of 90o and error rate8.9%. Classification error occured because the value of the test data features is more dominant with the value of the training image features in different classes than the supposed class. Another reason is because of imperfect test data.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Butterfly species"

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Soares, Rosana Nobre. "Landscape Permeability Improves Climate-Based Predictions of Butterfly Species Persistence." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35528.

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Habitat modification alters species' capacities to track shifting climatic conditions. Broad-scale analyses that explore demographical responses to on-going climate change tend to neglect the influence of the underlying landscape pattern. However, many landscapes are fragmented by human activities, which might make dispersal for many species more challenging. Determining the extent to which landscape factors affect broad-scale distributional patterns has implications for our ability to predict realistic climate change impacts on species. Here, we constructed species-specific measurements of landscape permeability for 96 butterfly species in southern Ontario to test whether this landscape characteristic affected species' distributions at macroecological scales. We used multiple logistic regression models to test for the effects of permeability and its interaction with temperature on butterfly species presence/absence. We found that 48% of butterfly species responded to landscape permeability alone or in interaction with temperature. In general, the effect was positive (87%) and species were more likely to be present with increasing landscape permeability. For 61% of the species that responded to broad-scale landscape permeability, the interaction of temperature with permeability was statistically significant. In warm areas, species were more likely to be present if landscape permeability was high. Landscape permeability explained 3-43% of residual variability in species' presences after accounting for temperature. Finally, we show how fine-scale permeability measurements can be combined with large-scale patterns of diversity to inform conservation efforts. Landscape permeability can affect species' distributions at broad-scales and understanding factors that potentially influence species' dispersal can improve predictions for how species respond to changing climatic conditions.
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Hinojosa, Galisteo Joan Carles 1993. "Exploring the butterfly speciation continuum : A study on butterfly speciation in the transition to genomic techniques." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672348.

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Butterflies are among the best studied animals, but despite the research efforts carried out during centuries, our knowledge on their diversity and on the mechanisms generating it is still incomplete. In order to understand how butterflies diversify, the speciation continuum of six study cases was examined using morphometrics and several genetic techniques (from sequencing specific markers to genomics). The analysis of phenotypic and genetic variation combined with gene flow evidence allowed to identify the states of the speciation continuum, i.e. to study the relationships between populations. This approach was used as a framework (1) to make grounded taxonomic hypotheses and (2) to extract clues about the mechanisms that drive speciation. As a result, we described and proposed several cases of overlooked and oversplit taxa. We documented the existence of three types of mechanisms producing diversification in butterflies: drift, selection and hybridisation. Selection acted through adaptation to biotic environmental factors, which caused reproductive character displacement, host plant shift and allochrony mediated by adaptation to host plant flowering period. Additionally, the genetic techniques employed were evaluated and their advantages and limitations discussed
Les papallones són un dels animals més ben estudiats però, malgrat els esforços dedicats a la seva recerca, el coneixement que tenim sobre la seva diversitat i sobre els mecanismes que la generen és encara incomplet. Per tal d'entendre com les papallones diversifiquen, s'ha examinat el continu de l'especiació en sis casos mitjançant l'ús de la morfometria i de diverses tècniques genètiques (des de la seqüenciació de marcadors específics fins a la genòmica). L'anàlisi de la variació fenotípica i genètica combinada amb evidències sobre el flux genètic ha permès identificar els estats del continu de l'especiació, i.e. l'estudi de les relacions entre poblacions. Aquesta aproximació s'ha usat com a marc (1) per fer hipòtesis taxonòmiques fonamentades i (2) per extreure pistes sobre els mecanismes que dirigeixen l'especiació. Com a resultat, hem descrit i proposat diversos casos de tàxons que havien passat desapercebuts o que s'havien dividit excessivament. Documentem l'existència de tres tipus de mecanismes productors de diversitat en papallones: deriva, selecció i hibridació. La selecció actuà mitjançant l'adaptació a factors ambientals biòtics, que causaren desplaçament de caràcters reproductius, canvi de planta nutrícia i a\ll ocronia produïda per l'adaptació al període de floració de la planta nutrícia. Addicionalment, les tècniques genètiques emprades són avaluades i els seus avantatges i inconvenients discutits.
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Turner, Andrea J. "A species-centred approach to identify locations for the restoration of chalk grassland." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302447.

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Niell, Lara E. "Effects of environmental factors on butterfly species in an urban setting." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1446429.

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Jarnehammar, Linn. "DNA sampling using different tissues from the butterfly species Vanessa cardui." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-158611.

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The fundamental challenge to prevent species from going extinct is difficult but of grave importance. Halting species from going extinct minimizes the loss of biodiversity. One way of researching biodiversity is by studying species on a genetic level. This creates a dilemma as studying species genetically often requires using destructive sampling and is not desirable or even allowed when studying threatened species. Thus, there is a necessity for alternate sampling methods. In this study both non-lethal and lethal methods were used to gather tissues from the butterfly species Vanessa cardui. The DNA extractions turned out to give varying amounts of DNA, but it was successfully extracted from all the different tissue types. Amplifiable DNA was successfully gained using PCR and confirmed using gel electrophoresis. Existing and newly designed primers for multi-copy genes were used and several of them gave amplifiable DNA. Even if amplifiable DNA has been obtained in other studies, using various tissues, it turned out to only work with a live butterfly’s body in this study.
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Kallioniemi, E. "Effects of morphology, habitat and weather on the movement behaviour of range-expanding butterfly species." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2013. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/48673/.

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Dispersal capacity is an important trait enabling species to respond to climate change, particularly in fragmented landscapes, where individuals often need to move longer distances to colonise new areas. It is therefore crucial to understand species’ movement behaviour and how it is affected by environmental variables to plan effective conservation measures for a wide range of species. This thesis aimed to enhance the current understanding of the role of dispersal in enabling species to respond to global environmental change using seven species of butterflies. I identified that species and individuals with longer move bouts (step length) cross habitat boundaries more frequently. Because step length is relatively easy to measure for butterflies, it could potentially be used as a general proxy of species dispersal capacity at a landscape level. I also found a higher investment in morphological traits that enhance dispersal capacity for one out of three range-expanding species in newly colonised sites at the range margin. Differences in species dispersal capacity and habitat availability could explain why only one species showed increased investment in dispersal at the margin. Also, there was poor evidence of a relationship between movement and an associated morphological trait; wing length was not associated with increased mobility for two out of four species which suggests that increased dispersal ability may not always be linked to morphological changes during range expansion. Finally, an assessment of the relative importance of temperature, habitat quality and structure on the movements of two species within their habitats revealed no contribution of the habitat variables for one of the species, whilst temperature, habitat size, edge ratio and vegetation height significantly affected movements of the second species. Overall, this thesis highlights that responses to global environmental change are highly dependent on species and its interactions with the environment.
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White, Peter J. T. "Spatial and temporal patterns and predictors of butterfly species richness in Canada throughout the 20th century." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27196.

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There is great interest in ecology to determine the drivers of species richness. For many taxa, and in natural circumstances, temperature is often found to be a good predictor of richness. The goal of this thesis was to determine, amongst several human-related and natural, environmental and ecological variables, the most important broad-scale predictors of butterfly species richness across Canada. Also, I presented a test of whether spatial relationships are adequate surrogates for the temporal relationship between richness and predictor variables. Using precisely georeferenced and dated butterfly records across Canada, I created butterfly species richness maps for two periods (1900-1930 and 1960-1990), and then related them to candidate predictors. Natural variables such as temperature, precipitation and soil type tended to explain most of the variance in species richness, while human-related variables such as habitat fragmentation, habitat heterogeneity and pesticide density added very little. A comparison of temporal and spatial relationships showed that temperature was a consistent predictor of richness through time and space, but that the impact of human activities on richness differed. My results are consistent with the species-energy hypothesis while showing that human-related variables are not having a large measurable effect on butterfly species richness patterns in Canada at broad scales. Also of critical importance in this thesis is the difference I found between the spatial and temporal relationships of richness vs. human activity level. I show that the assumption commonly made in macro-ecology that spatial variables are appropriate surrogates for temporal ones, is not always correct.
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Löfqvist, Zandra. "The importance of vegetation height and flower abundance for Swedish butterfly species in semi-natural grasslands." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-108670.

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Changed management of semi-natural grasslands is thought to be one important factor for explaining the decline of butterfly populations in Sweden and the rest of Europe. This study explores how vegetation height, variation in vegetation height and flower abundance can help predict the occurrence of butterfly species in semi-natural grasslands in southern Sweden. My study is based on data collected by a national environmental monitoring programme (NILS) during 2006-2010. Generalized linear models showed that all three explanatory variables significantly affected 26 of the 41 species of butterflies studied. The study also investigated preferences for three different systems for grouping species but did not find differences among groups. Several of the species would most likely benefit from variation in grazing pressure or rotational grazing as well as flower-rich grasslands. The results may also help when aiming management at the preservation of individual species.
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Thompson, Erin. "Phylogenomic analyses clarify butterfly species within the genus Speyeria despite evidence of a recent adaptive radiation." Scholarly Commons, 2019. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3583.

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The North American genus Speyeria is an especially challenging radiation of butterflies due to ongoing hybridization, incomplete lineage sorting, and similar morphological characters among species. Adaptive radiations often require considerable evidence in order to resolve the evolutionary relationships of closely related individuals. Previous studies of this genus have found paraphyly among species and have been unable to disentangle these taxa due to a lack of data and/or incomplete sampling of the genus. As a result, the interspecific relationships among Speyeria remain unresolved. In an attempt to achieve phylogenetic resolution of the genus, we conducted population genomic and phylogenomic analyses of all North American Speyeria species, as well as several subspecies, based on genome wide markers using the SbfI restriction enzyme and restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq). Together, our analyses recovered 16 species within Speyeria, validating previous taxonomic work. However, consistent with recent molecular analyses, internal relationships have poor support. This lack of resolution indicates Speyeria represent an ongoing adaptive radiation, with incomplete lineage sorting, hybridization, and lack of postzygotic reproductive barriers, supporting this hypothesis.
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Neef, Götz-Georg. "Comparative phylogeography of five swallowtail butterfly species (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) in South Africa : ecological and taxonomic implications." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013574.

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With current biota under constant threat of extinction, it is important to ascertain where and how biological diversity is generated and partitioned. Phylogeographic studies can assist in the identification of places and processes that indicate the origin and maintenance of biodiversity. Forest fragmentation has a big effect on local extinction and loss of genetic diversity of forest-restricted taxa, along with divergence and speciation of forest biota. This study aims to understand the effects of these processes on a number of forest-dwelling butterflies using a comparative phylogeographic approach. Mitochondrial DNA of five different Papilio species with different degrees of forest specificity was analysed using phylogenetic methods. In addition, the subspecific taxonomy of P. ophidicephalus was investigated using morphometrics of discal spots on the wings and nuclear DNA analysis along with mitochondrial DNA analysis. The results show that the forest-restricted species (P. ophidicephalus and P. echerioides) have more genetic structure and less genetic diversity than the more generalist species (P. dardanus, P. demodocus and P. nireus). This could be due to inbreeding depression and bottlenecks caused by forest fragmentation. As forest patches become smaller, the population size is affected and that causes a loss in genetic diversity, and increasing habitat fragmentation disrupts gene flow. The intraspecific taxonomy of P. ophidicephalus is far from revealed. However, this study shows there is evidence for the different subspecies when comparing morphological results and genetic results. From the evidence provided here it is suggested that P. ophidicephalus should be divided into two separate species rather than five subspecies.
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Books on the topic "Butterfly species"

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The last Monarch butterfly: Conserving the Monarch butterfly in a brave new world. Buffalo, N.Y: Firefly Books, 2004.

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Nina, Alexander. Megan and the Borealis Butterfly. Portland, ME: Magic Attic Press, 1999.

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Washington (State). Dept. of Wildlife. Status of the Oregon silverspot butterfly (Speyeria zerene hippolyta) in Washington. Olympia, WA: Washington Dept. of Wildlife, 1993.

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Washington (State). Dept. of Wildlife. Status of the Oregon silverspot butterfly (Speyeria zerene hippolyta) in Washington. Olympia, WA: Washington Dept. of Wildlife, 1993.

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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Region 1. Oregon silverspot butterfly (Speyeria zerene hippolyta): Revised recovery plan. Portland, Or: Region 1, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2001.

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1, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region. El Segundo blue butterfly (Euphilotes battoides allyni): Recovery plan. Portland, Or. (911 N.E. 11th Ave., Portland 97232-4181): The Region, 1998.

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Friedrich, Ekkehard. Breeding butterflies and moths: A practical handbook for British and European species. Great Horkesley, Colchester, Essex, England: Harley, 1986.

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Johnson, Kurt. A remarkable new butterfly species from Jamaica (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): With notes on Jamaican endemics and their sister species. Stevens Point, Wis: University of Wisconsin Museum of Natural History, 1993.

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Kaur, Manbeer. Chaetotaxy of larvae of selected butterfly species (Papilionoidea) from Shiwaliks of North-West Himalaya. New Delhi: Nature Books India, 2015.

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The rarest of the rare: Vanishing animals, timeless worlds. New York: Random House, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Butterfly species"

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Gillman, E., and M. Gillman. "Modelling the distribution of butterfly species." In Modelling nature: an introduction to mathematical modelling of natural systems, 147–92. Wallingford: CABI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786393104.0147.

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Alhady, S. S. N., and Xin Yong Kai. "Butterfly Species Recognition Using Artificial Neural Network." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 449–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8788-2_40.

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Habel, Jan C., Bettina Augenstein, Marc Meyer, Gabriel Nève, Dennis Rödder, and Thorsten Assmann. "Population Genetics and Ecological Niche Modelling Reveal High Fragmentation and Potential Future Extinction of the Endangered Relict Butterfly Lycaena helle." In Relict Species, 417–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-92160-8_25.

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McIntyre-Mills, Janet J. "Regenerative Education and Safe Habitats for Diverse Species: Caterpillar Dreaming Butterfly Being." In Transformative Education for Regeneration and Wellbeing, 3–29. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3258-8_1.

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Berceanu, Cristian, and Monica Patrascu. "Initial Conditions Sensitivity Analysis of a Two-Species Butterfly-Effect Agent-Based Model." In Multi-Agent Systems, 60–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20614-6_4.

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Thomas, J. A. "The ecology and conservation of Maculinea arion and other European species of large blue butterfly." In Ecology and Conservation of Butterflies, 180–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1282-6_13.

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Greenslade, Penelope. "What entomologists think about listing species for protection: a survey of butterfly specialists in Australia." In The Other 99%: The Conservation and Biodiversity of Invertebrates, 345–49. P.O. Box 20, Mosman NSW 2088, Australia: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/rzsnsw.1999.055.

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Dover, J. W., A. Rescia, S. Fungariño, J. Fairburn, P. Carey, P. Lunt, C. Arnot, R. L. H. Dennis, and C. J. Dover. "Land-use, environment, and their impact on butterfly populations in a mountainous pastoral landscape: individual species distribution and abundance." In Lepidoptera Conservation in a Changing World, 247–60. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1442-7_23.

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Baur, Robert, and Paul Feeny. "Comparison of electroantennogram responses by females of the black swallowtail butterfly, Papilio polyxenes, to volatiles from two host-plant species." In Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Insect-Plant Relationships, 122–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1654-1_37.

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Anderson, Mark. "John Luther Long’s Madame Butterfly and Imperial Domesticity." In Japan and the Specter of Imperialism, 15–45. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230100985_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Butterfly species"

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Silva, Alexandre, Sincler Meireles, and Samira Silva. "Using Partial Least Squares in Butterfly Species Identification." In 2020 33rd SIBGRAPI Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images (SIBGRAPI). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sibgrapi51738.2020.00047.

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Kamaron Arzar, Nur Nabila, Nurbaity Sabri, Nur Farahin Mohd Johari, Anis Amilah Shari, Mohd Rahmat Mohd Noordin, and Shafaf Ibrahim. "Butterfly Species Identification Using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Automatic Control and Intelligent Systems (I2CACIS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i2cacis.2019.8825031.

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Chen, Xin, Bin Wang, and Yongsheng Gao. "Gaussian Convolution Angles: Invariant Vein and Texture Descriptors for Butterfly Species Identification." In 2020 25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412080.

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Bernard, Gary D. "Butterfly color vision: spectral properties of photoreceptors and wing patterns." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.tuh1.

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Studies of butterfly mating behavior have shown that colored wing patterns provide important signals for detection and recognition of a proper mate. Butterfly retinas contain three or four spectral types of photoreceptor, but the spectral locations of peak sensitivity for the types differ greatly among the species. Relative abundance also varies greatly. The goal of this study is to relate the spectral properties of receptor systems to those of wing patterns. Spectral sensitivity functions of each spectral type of receptor are measured optophysiologically. Reflectance spectra of wing patches are measured microspectrophotometrically. Comparing color-image data with receptor data indicates which wing features provide the strongest signals. For example, butterflies of the famous Monarch/Viceroy mimicry complex look very similar to us but not to each other. Monarchs have receptors peaking at ~360, 450, and 550 nm. Viceroys, on the other hand, do not possess the 550-nm type but have instead a receptor type that peaks at only 515 nm. Thus, Viceroys are much less sensitive at long wavelengths than Monarchs. Furthermore, whitish wing spots of the two species have quite different spectra. Calculated tristimulus values indicate that these spots are important signals for species discrimination.
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Ashlock, Daniel, and Taika von Konigslow. "Diagnostic character location within the cryptic skipper butterfly species complex with an evolutionary algorithm." In 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (CIBCB). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cibcb.2009.4925713.

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Kovac, Mirko, Daniel Vogt, Danielle Ithier, Michael Smith, and Rob Wood. "Aerodynamic evaluation of four butterfly species for the design of flapping-gliding robotic insects." In 2012 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2012.6385453.

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Campbell, Erin. "Thinking out of (species) bounds: Phylogenetic incongruities in the butterfly genusSpeyeria show widespread interspecific introgression." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.113068.

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Thomas, Cameron. "Factors associated with ant tending in Fender’s blue butterfly (Plebejus icarioides fenderi): Implications for habitat restoration and species recovery." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.115342.

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Nakahama, Naoyuki. "The demography of an endangered grassland butterfly species,Melitaea ambiguahas traced a historical change in semi-natural grassland areain Japan." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.110903.

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Ishii, Minoru. "Change in butterfly species diversity in Mt. Mikusa Zephyrus Coppice, Japan for 24 years: A struggle against the dwarf bamboo understory." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.114456.

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Reports on the topic "Butterfly species"

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Kerr, J. T., T. R. E. Southwood, and J. Cihlar. Remotely sensed habitat diversity predicts butterfly species richness and community similarity in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/219886.

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Leis, Sherry. Vegetation community monitoring trends in restored tallgrass prairie at Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield: 2008–2020. National Park Service, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293117.

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Plant community monitoring at Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield (NB) focused on the restored tallgrass prairie community. Six monitoring sites were visited four times and observations of plant species and ground cover were made. In addition to those observations, we included two environmental factors in this report—precipitation and recent fire history—to help understand the vegetation data status and trends. Precipitation data (standardized vegetation index) indicated drought conditions in 2012 and some dry periods in 2016. Although prairies are adapted to drought, we found that species richness at the site and community scales (alpha and gamma diversity) were reduced in dry years. Fire management also plays an important role in shaping the plant communities. Prescribed fire occurrence became less frequent through the monitoring period. Also, additional treatments, including herbicide and mowing, likely shaped the prairie community. Tree regeneration and nonnative plants in particular may have been affected by these techniques. The prairie plant community continues to be moderately diverse despite recent increases in tree seedlings and small saplings. Species richness varied over time and was correlated with precipitation; diversity indices (H′ and J′) were similar across monitored years. Species guilds (also known as functional groups) demonstrated differing patterns. Woody plants, long a concern at the park, were abundant and statistically similar across years. Many guilds were quite variable across the sites, but nonnative forbs declined, and nonnative grasses increased. Overstory trees and canopy cover, measured for the first time in 2020, have likely influenced the composition of one site. The composition of this site points to a shrubland-savanna community. Four of the sites tended towards shrubland rather than tallgrass prairie. The vegetation monitoring protocol experienced some changes between 2008 and 2020. A key difference was a shift from sampling twice during the field season to sampling only once in a monitoring year. An anticipated decline in species richness was observed in 2012 and 2016, but we were unable to isolate sample design as the cause. Additionally, we remedied inconsistencies in how tree regeneration was recorded by tallying seedlings and saplings in the field. Our quality assurance procedures indicated that our observer error from pseudoturnover was 20.2%, meeting our expectations. Cover class estimates agreed 73% of the time, with all disagreements within one cover class. Coordinating management actions to achieve plant community goals like structure and composition of tallgrass prairie will be critical to the survival of the prairie species at the park. Fire and nonnative plant treatments along with the reduction of woody cover including trees are needed to arrest the transition to savanna and woodland community types. Frequent prescribed fire is an integral process for this community and there is no equivalent substitute. Continued focus on management for the desired tallgrass prairie community will also provide needed habitat for imperiled pollinators such as the monarch butterfly. Best management practices for pollinators on federal lands specify that treatments (prescribed fire, mowing or haying) should not occur during the blooming season or when pollinator breeding, egg, larval or pupal stages are present.
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