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Moreton, R. "Managing Data in a Complex Systems Environment." Journal of Information Technology 4, no. 1 (March 1989): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839628900400106.
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This paper was produced as the result of a research project funded by the Butler Cox Foundation. The Butler Cox Foundation is an exclusive service for managers responsible for computing, communications and office systems. It helps them to keep abreast of major developments in the technology and to identify the related implications for technical and general managers.
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Thorpe, Roland, and Jamie Justice. "ESPO and Butler-Williams Symposium: Race, Ethnicity, and Overcoming Barriers to Understand Why Aging Matters." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 858–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3165.
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Abstract The NIA’s Butler-Williams Scholars Program and GSA’s Emerging Scholars and Professional Organization are united in providing career development opportunities for early career scholars in a manner that promotes leadership, diversity, and inclusivity. This provides a foundation to develop a network of next generation of scientists, clinicians, and policy makers capable of shaping health in aging. Among the chief concerns of our aging population are disparities in health associated with race/ethnicity, experience, sociocultural and socioeconomic factors, as well as access to and communications regarding health care. GSA’s early career professionals and alumni of the prestigious NIA Butler-Williams Scholars Program have tackled these issues directly and the scientific scholarship that results is astounding in its breadth and depth. Dr. Glenna Brewster (Butler-Williams class of 2018) will discuss new findings from a study of African American caregivers of persons living with dementia. Dr. Candace Brown, Ph.D. (Butler-Williams class of 2017), will present on overcoming social and environmental barriers to exercise among older adults. Dr. Joseph Saenz (Butler-Williams class of 2017), will present current work disparities in cognition function in the older Mexican population. The final speaker, Dr. Sarah Forrester (Butler-Williams class of 2019) will explore new perspectives on health equity in physiological dysregulation and aging. In sum, the featured talks by rising stars in aging research deepen our understanding of the influence of race, ethnicity, and overcoming barriers to understand ‘why aging matters’ across our diverse aging populations.
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Justice, Jamie N., Carl V. Hill, and Roland J. Thorpe. "ESPO AND NIA BUTLER-WILLIAMS SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM: INFLUENCE OF RACE, ETHNICITY, AND EXPERIENCE ON HEALTH IN AGING." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1281.
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Abstract The NIA’s Butler-Williams Scholars Program and GSA’s Emerging Scholars and Professional Organization are united in providing career development opportunities for early career scholars in a manner that promotes leadership, diversity, and inclusivity. This provides a foundation to develop a network of next generation of scientists, clinicians, and policy makers capable of shaping health in aging. Among the chief concerns of our aging population are disparities in health associated with race/ethnicity, experience, environment, access to health care, and sociocultural and socioeconomic factors. GSA’s early career professionals and alumni of the prestigious NIA Butler-Williams Scholars Program have tackled these issues directly and the scientific scholarship that results is astounding in its breadth and depth. Dr. Vicki Johnson-Lawrence, Ph.D. (Butler-Williams class of 2014), will present on the interacting effects of education and race/ethnicity on multi-morbidity, highlighting lessons learned from the National Health Interview Study. Dr. Lauren Parker (Butler-Williams class of 2018) will review efforts to develop culturally competent content for recruitment of Hispanic and black/African American persons to NIA-supported dementia-caregiving studies. Dr. Ryon Cobb (Butler-Williams class of 2016) will discuss the impact of race/ethnicity on kidney function among older adults, with evidence from the Health and Retirement Study. The final speaker, Dr. Ana Quiñones (Butler-Williams class of 2012), will present on longitudinal tracking of multi-morbidity in racially/ethnically diverse older adults. In sum, the featured talks by rising stars in aging research deepen our understanding of the influence of race, ethnicity, and experience on health and chronic disease in diverse aging populations.
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Stenner, Paul H. D. "Non-foundational criticality? On the need for a process ontology of the psychosocial." Outlines. Critical Practice Studies 9, no. 2 (September 1, 2007): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ocps.v9i2.2080.
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The articulation of critical dialects of psychology has typically involved a questioning of the foundational assumptions of the so-called mainstream. This has included critiques in the name of more adequate scientific foundations, but more recently these have been accompanied by critiques in the name of an absence of foundations altogether, and critiques that suggest a rethinking of the concept of foundation. These latter versions are usually influenced by the great 20th Century non-foundational philosophies of figures such as Bergson, Whitehead, Wittgenstein and Heidegger, or by related thinkers such as Deleuze, Serres, Luhmann, Butler and Stengers. In foregrounding themes of process and multiplicity such thinkers provide potent tools for critically rethinking psychological questions. Less positive has been a tendency amongst critical psychologists to polarise natural and social scientific issues and to associate the former with negative images (all that is static, mechanistic, essentialist and conservative). This can lead to a formulaic criticality in which arguments for nature are bad, and those for culture are good. Deconstruction comes to appear simply as an assertion of ‘the discursive construction of’ whatever phenomenon is under scrutiny. To counteract this trend, the proposed paper will discuss a process approach to ontology that welcomes contributions from the natural sciences as well as the humanities and social sciences.
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Moon, Sung-Yun. "Death of Others and Social Mourning Due to National Disaster: Based on Judith Butler's Philosophy." Research Institute for Life and Culture Sogang University 72 (May 30, 2024): 65–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17924/solc.2024.72.65.
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Korean society has experienced a somber social atmosphere in the last five years due to the Corona19 pandemic and the Itaewon disaster. This situation can be classified as a national disaster that affects the mental and mental state of the whole country. The national disaster, like any other ordeal, leaves us with a scar of pain. The national disaster leaves a sense of social shock, hurt, and loss and requires a corresponding act of mourning. This paper philosophically considers death during the national disaster and examines the direction of social mourning to heal this wound. The study focused on the thoughts of American ethical philosopher Judith Butler. According to Butler, the national disaster reveals the vulnerability of human society, and when we face this vulnerability and participate in mourning, social integration can be overcome. So, the direction of social mourning that Butler explains is ‘the attitude of responsibility, not retribution, the vulnerability and precarity of life revealed as the true form of a national disaster,' and ‘mourning that unites society.’ A practical philosophical plan was suggested for applying this to Korean society. The first is what Butler calls willless sensitivity, the second is self-thinking and phenomenological parentheses, and the third is social integrated growth. This study is significant because it laid the foundation for developing more specific future methodologies and programs for social mourning.
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BENNETT, J. A. "Museums and the establishment of the history of science at Oxford and Cambridge." British Journal for the History of Science 30, no. 1 (March 1997): 29–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087496002889.
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In the Spring of 1944, an informal discussion took place in Cambridge between Mr. R. S. Whipple, Professor Allan Ferguson and Mr. F. H. C. Butler, concerning the formation of a national Society for the History of Science.This is the opening sentence of the inaugural issue of the Bulletin of the British Society for the History of Science, the Society's first official publication. Butler himself was the author of this outline account of the subsequent approach to the Royal Society, the parallel moves to establish a National Committee of the International Academy of the History of Science, the formation of a provisional committee to prepare a draft constitution for a national society, and the proceedings of the first Annual General Meeting in May 1947. Whipple had been in Cambridge to discuss his offer to present his collection of old scientific instruments to the University and the possible foundation of a new museum, and Butler, as Secretary of the History of Science Committee in Cambridge, was the chief mover in both this development and an initiative coupled with it to establish a department of the history of science.
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Lee, SeonHyeon. "‘Bare Life’ and Judith Butler’s Misinterpretations:A Critical Review of Butler’s Intervention and a Comparative Study on Diaspora’s Identity." Criticism and Theory Society of Korea 28, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 157–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.19116/theory.2023.28.1.157.
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Giorgio Agamben’s ideas of sovereign power and ‘Homo Sacer’ received a lot of criticism because the decline of nation-states due to globalization tends to be equated with the weakening of sovereignty. Especially, Judith Butler argues that the process of removing the heterogeneity within the citizens to invent those who are the foundation of the nation-state cannot be explained by the operation of sovereign power and the mass production of ‘bare lives’ presented by Agamben. Butler explains the ‘statelessness’ in the sense that the situation of global violence is out of territorial conditions, and also highlights the ‘statelessness’ to deconstruct the basis of the nation-state and explore the possibility of resisting it. According to her, given the diaspora produced across territories and the operation of power, this violent exclusion today is caused by neoliberal governmentality, not sovereign power. And it is necessary to see power working in many ways to materialize the diaspora and resist state violence. For Butler, the concept of diaspora is presented as a resistance practice and ethical request of the dispossessed. However, this thesis aims to reveal that Butler’s criticism against ‘bare life’ is misread. Butler’s misinterpretation arises from the difference in perspective of Agamben, who reads Michel Foucault and Hannah Arendt. If sovereignty is an anachronism to Butler, the original form of sovereignty is biopolitics to Agamben. In addition, Butler considers Arendt distinguishing between the public and private realms and maintaining a discriminatory perspective on the private, whereas Agamben reads that Arendt paid attention to the modern reality in which this public/private distinction is collapsing. Unlike Butler’s criticism, ‘bare life’ does not exist outside of the polity or power. Even if the citizen belong to the nation state, there is the potential for them to become a “bare life,” or diaspora at any time, which reveals the possibility of rethinking the identity of the diaspora.
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Steward, David R., Paul J. Bruss, Xiaoying Yang, Scott A. Staggenborg, Stephen M. Welch, and Michael D. Apley. "Reply to Butler et al.: A sound hydrologic foundation for interdisciplinary studies of the High Plains Aquifer." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111, no. 5 (January 27, 2014): E532—E533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1323273111.
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Kauffman, Emma. "Queering the Docile Body." Political Science Undergraduate Review 1, no. 2 (February 15, 2016): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/psur19.
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Increasingly, there is a view that the recent emergence of sexual and gender diversity has helped to move mainstream society towards the eradication of the normative privileging of particular genders and sexualities. However, when we look beneath the surface it is more likely to be a reconfiguration of the heterosexual matrix, a term defined by Judith Butler as that grid of cultural intelligibility through which norms are created and maintained in bodies, genders, and desires and how they appear natural (Butler, 24). Using Judith Butler’s heterosexual matrix as my foundation, this paper will demonstrate the ways in which gender and sexuality become naturalized in order to explore the normalization process of both heterosexual desire, or orientation, and the gender binary. It will argue that although we are in the midst of a historic mobilization of diverse and complex (trans)gender movements, the sphere of intelligibility continues to be subject to hegemonic interpretations. These interpretations privilege a binary model of genders and sexual behaviors, thus resulting in a continuation of normative identities and desires. Further, as this essay will explicate, the heterosexual matrix, in accordance with neoliberalism, work as a mechanism of power that designates what is an intelligible life. As such, without first locating these functions of power, the push for a more fluid and open understanding of gender, sexuality and desire will continue to fail, and the space for widespread change will dissolve.
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Plazek, David J. "Where the Rubber Meets the Road: The Role of Collegiality and Normative Science in Our Profession." PS: Political Science & Politics 43, no. 02 (April 2010): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096510000235.
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Lyndon State College's (LSC) participation in the America's Future Initiative on the U.S. national debt, in association with Public Agenda, began with a grant application for funding to participate. After being awarded funding, as the sole political scientist, I was selected with approval by the administration to attend the September 11 to 13, 2008, opening conference in Washington, DC. Flying into Washington, DC, on September 11 surely was a sign of commitment. At the conference, participants were schooled on the initiative by George Mehaffy of the American Democracy Project, Andrew Yarrow of Public Agenda, the Concord Coalition's Diane Rogers, and Stuart Butler from the Heritage Foundation. As a political scientist, I was well-aware of much of what was presented, but to hear differing perspectives and review the data and presentation materials was an excellent experience.
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Cafaro, Philip. "George Wuerthner, Eileen Crist and Tom Butler (eds.), Protecting the Wild: Parks and Wilderness, The Foundation for Conservation." Environmental Values 25, no. 6 (December 1, 2016): 759–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/096327116x14736981715904.
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Deng, Zhiyao. "Gender, Body and Subjectivity: A Study of Ballroom Gender Culture from the Perspective of Post-Modern Gender Theory." Journal of Medicine and Health Science 1, no. 2 (June 2023): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.62517/jmhs.202305212.
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With the in-depth discussion of individual independence and self-consciousness in the post-modern social context, the construction of social identity has increasingly become an important part of individuals seeking their own interests and the legitimacy of existence. The problem of social identity essentially points to social stratification and the flow of social structure, and it is social culture and mass culture that play a key role in it. Corresponding to the mainstream mass culture, the minority culture and subculture accommodate the marginalized groups. Among them, ballroom culture is an important foundation for homosexual and other sexual minorities and vulnerable groups to resist the mainstream cultural discipline. Ballroom provides certain material and spiritual support for the marginalized vulnerable groups in society, which is the cultural space for the survival of sexual minorities. This article attempts to start from the theoretical writings of Foucault, Butler and other scholars in postmodern gender theories, and explore the corresponding issues of gender, body symbols and subject identity involved in ballroom culture.
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Liu, Petrus. "Queer Theory and the Specter of Materialism." Social Text 38, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01642472-8680426.
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This article argues that the development of queer theory as a field has been critically shaped by a desire to dissociate the studies of gender and sexuality from material concerns. Though what is meant by “the material” varies wildly from context to context, queer critiques of materialism have produced an entrenched impression of the incommensurability between queer theory and Marxism. Tracing the varied ways in which the notion of the material has been deployed by queer critics to pose questions about the economic reductionism of Marxism, empiricism, and corporeality, this article demonstrates that the material has functioned as a kind of spectral presence in queer theorizing, an enabling form of haunting that keeps critics worrying productively about the best way to stay true to the radically anticipatory orientation of early queer theory. The specter of the material provides the epistemological foundation for canonical texts in queer theory that do not appear to be concerned with Marxism, such as those of Butler and Sedgwick; it also serves as the conceptual fulcrum for a number of “queer Marxist” projects that attempt to synthesize these two traditions. This article concludes by suggesting that, instead of viewing queer theory and Marxism as intellectually incompatible or historically successive projects, we might productively reconceptualize them as subjectless critiques commonly concerned with the problem of social structuration.
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Parr, Daniel, Kasun Saweendra Rathnatunga Dadallagei, Sidney Debie, Joshua Richard Coduto, Christian D. Haas, and Johna Leddy. "(Keynote, Digital Presentation) An Electrochemical Potential Perspective on Exchange Current Density and Work Function for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER)." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 49 (July 7, 2022): 2048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01492048mtgabs.
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In 1972, Trasatti compiled the exchange current densities j0 and work functions 𝚽 for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on 31 polycrystalline metals at pH 0. Exchange current density measures the HER rate and the work function measures the energy required to remove an electron from the surface of the metal to a point outside the metal. Trasatti showed a plot of log j0 vs 𝚽 linear for the so called d metals and for the sp metals. The slopes are statistically the same for the d and sp metals (6.44 and 6.6 excludes Hg) but the intercepts differ (-35.4 and -38). Here, a thermodynamic specification for the slope of log j0 versus 𝚽 is suggested as 𝛂F/RT, where 𝛂 is the transfer coefficient for heterogeneous electron transfer. Electrochemical potentials for species i in phase j have been used to derive the rates of heterogeneous electron transfer within a transition state context for Butler Volmer kinetics (Bard and Faulkner). The standard chemical potential, activity, and ion charge for species i are 𝝁i 0,j, ai j, and zi is the electrical potential is 𝝓j. Extrapolation of the electrochemical potential to include 𝚽 and derive a rate expression for j0 yield: The electrode potential and the work function group into a common term. The slope of log j0 versus 𝚽 as 𝛂F/RT. An explanation of how Pt with the highest energetic cost to remove an electron 𝚽 yields the highest log j0 is presented. At 25 oC, F/RT = (0.05916 V)-1. Within the electrochemical potential model for log j0 versus 𝚽, the slopes of 6.44 and 6.6 for the d and sp metals at room temperature yield 𝛂 of 0.381 and 0.39. Across 30 metals, 𝛂 is estimated the same. The value of 0.4 is common in measurements of 𝛂 found for the potential dependent term in Butler Volmer kinetics. References Trasatti, S. Work Function, Electronegativity, and Electrochemical Behavior of Metals. III. Electrolytic Hydrogen Evolution in Acid Solution. Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry 39, 163-184 (1972). A.J. Bard and L. R. Faulkner, Electrochemical Methods, 1980, wiley and Sons, Chapter 2. Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Science Foundation and the Army Research Office. The University of Iowa Obermann Center for Advanced Studies is acknowledged.
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Figueroa, Genesis. "Axial Load Capacity Predictions of Drilled Displacement Piles With SPT- and CPT-based Direct Methods." DFI Journal The Journal of the Deep Foundations Institute 16, no. 2 (November 22, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37308/dfijnl.20220512.262.
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Drilled Displacement Piles (DDP) provide an ideal foundation solution that combines the benefits of ground improvement with traditional advantages of piling systems. This paper offers insights gathered from 55 construction projects in which nearly 130 DDPs were installed and tested axially. High quality site exploration data (e.g., Cone Penetration Test (CPT) and Standard Penetration Test (SPT)) were evaluated to derive geotechnical analysis parameters. The test sites consisted of mostly mixed soil types with strongly stratified layers of sand, silt, and clay. Pile diameters ranged between 35 and 61 cm (14 to 24 inches). Prior to analyzing the axial performance of DDPs, a variety of failure interpretation methods were assessed to confidently extrapolate failure loads when field testing was terminated prior to pile failure. Results of this study suggested the Van der Veen’s (1953) method to most closely estimate the load that triggers pile plunging behavior specific to DDPs, followed by the Butler & Hoy (1977) and L1-L2 methods (Hirany and Kulhawy, 1989). Hereafter, in-situ axial load test results were compared with a wide range of analytical methods, including those developed specifically for DDPs. Predictive accuracy was assessed in terms of total pile capacity and pile settlement and separated based on pile diameter, stiffness, and soil type. Most examined analytical methods underpredict the in-situ pile capacities for both, CPT and SPT -based analysis. It was also found that the difference between the experimentally determined and predicted capacities is related to the level of improvement in the surrounding soil following pile installation. A general comparison between predictive axial accuracy and the observed level of ground improvement is also discussed for sandy and mixed type of soils.
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Mitchell, David T., and Sharon L. Snyder. "A “Stretchier” Kind of Witnessing." Journal of Literary & Cultural Disability Studies 16, no. 3 (August 1, 2022): 317–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jlcds.2022.25.
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The article compiles the events marking the precarity of disabled peoples’ lives during the Second World War in Germany through an examination of the transition of Nazi psychiatric killing centers into memorials during the long twentieth century. As Judith Butler points out in Frames of War: When is Life Grievable?, recognizing the conditions of vulnerability calls us to a responsibility to alter abuse, suffering, and violence; yet it may also be true that “the apprehension of precariousness leads to a heightening of violence, [as] an insight into the physical vulnerability of some set of others […] and incites the desire to destroy them” (2). Such is the case with the medical mass murder of 300,000+ psychiatric patients in Nazi Germany as this preliminary medical mass murder made possible the post-1941 Holocaust genocide of 5.4 million Jewish people in death camp gas chambers. Thus, the article attempts to answer some critical questions by using Nazi medical mass murder as its historical foundation: How does one witness a violent mass tragedy when no witnesses survived? What meaning can be derived from the memorialization of disability history in our own contemporary moment? What do these public acts of recognition mean to disabled people as a group and/or disability scholars as part of the preservation of disability history? Why do these medical mass killings that pre-date and lead to the Holocaust still sit primarily unrecognized and forgotten? Finally, what do today’s memorialization practices tell us about contemporary attitudes toward disability as this largely unaffiliated subpopulation lives in the aftermath of this murderous history? When and how do disabled lives become grievable? How might we devise an alternative model to Holocaust studies’ pivotal reliance on direct witnesses that are not available in the Aktion T4 psychiatric killings?
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Beard, Karen H. "Protecting the Wild: Parks and Wilderness, the Foundation for Conservation. Edited by George Wuerthner, Eileen Crist, and Tom Butler. Washington (DC): Island Press. $24.95 (paper). xxvii + 362 p.; ill.; index. ISBN: 978-1-61091-548-9. 2015." Quarterly Review of Biology 91, no. 4 (December 2016): 506–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/689504.
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Hohman, Benjamin. "Gender and Metaphysics: Judith Butler and Bernard Lonergan in Conversation." Theological Studies 81, no. 1 (March 2020): 111–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040563920904069.
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There has long been a mutual distrust between gender theory and Catholic metaphysics. However, this article argues that at least one significant figure in gender studies, Judith Butler, has been broadly misunderstood by many Catholic thinkers. Bringing Butler into dialogue with Bernard Lonergan, this article proposes to show (1) that Butler’s critiques reveal certain influential strands of Catholic theology as metaphysically untenable, (2) that Lonergan’s metaphysics evades Butler’s critiques, and (3) that there is a complementarity between Butler and Lonergan’s approaches and their aims. The final section of the article offers some foundational principles from Lonergan’s metaphysics for framing ongoing dialogue.
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Singh, Krishanu, Shuchi Agrawal, and Payal Nagpal. "Hexing the Patriarchy: Reclaiming the Witch Archetype for Feminism." International Journal of Religion 5, no. 11 (July 11, 2024): 3562–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/bmep3685.
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This study traces the fascinating development of the witch archetype, from a vilified character to a potent representation of the tenacity and empowerment of feminism. It reveals how patriarchal civilizations have deftly exploited social conventions and religion to subjugate women through an analysis of foundational literature such as “Malleus Maleficarum”(1487) and “The Witch Cult in Western Europe” (1921). The study employs theories of gender performativity and existential feminism, drawing on the profound insights of notable feminists like Judith Butler and Simone de Beauvoir, to investigate the complex psychological and social foundations of witch hunts and their subtle role in perpetuating gender inequality. It draws attention to how the witch image has been unabashedly revived in contemporary feminist movements as a symbol of empowerment and resistance. This thorough and insightful analysis emphasises how crucial it is to question historical accounts, acknowledge the long-lasting influence of cultural symbols, and forward the admirable cause of gender justice and equality.
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Butler, Judith. "Fundaciones contingentes: el feminismo y la cuestión del «post-modernismo»." La Manzana de la Discordia 1, no. 1 (March 8, 2016): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/lamanzanadeladiscordia.v1i1.1445.
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Este artículo, titulado «Contingent Foundations: Feminism and the Question of Post-Modernism», fue traducido del libro Feminist Contentions. A Philosophical Exchange, de Seyla Benhabib, Judith Butler, Drucilla Cornell y Nancy Fraser. (New York: Routledge, 1995). (N. de la T.)Traducción: Gabriela Castellanos LlanosCentro de Estudios de Género, Mujer y SociedadUniversidad del Valle
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Meier, S., P. J. S. Gore, C. M. E. Barnett, R. T. Cursons, D. E. Phillips, K. A. Watkins, and G. A. Verkerk. "268. Experimentally induced hypoglycemia: a model to examine the effects of lactation on reproductive function in dairy cows?" Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 9 (2005): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb05abs268.
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The metabolic changes subsequent to lactogenesis have been associated with poor reproduction in high-producing dairy cows.1,2 Periods of hypoglycaemia reflect severe energy deficit and are associated with changes in plasma levels of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth hormone-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth hormone-II (IGF-II). Somatotropic activity has been shown to influence reproductive functions.3–5 This study evaluated the effects of experimentally induced hypoglycaemia in seven non-lactating cows, over a 7-day period. Phloridizin treatment (8 g/d) resulted in urinary glucose loss (control: 3.5 ± 1.0 g/d and phloridizin: 468 ± 46 g/d) and decline in plasma glucose (control: 60.6 ± 0.6 mg/dL and phloridizin: 71.8 ± 0.4 mg/dL; P < 0.001). Treatment increased plasma beta hydroxybutyrate (BOH), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and IGF-I concentrations (P < 0.001). Plasma insulin and GH concentrations did not differ. During treatment, expression of mRNA for total growth hormone receptor (GHR(tot); P = 0.012) and GHR(1A) (P < 0.001) in liver tissue declined. Luteal and follicle diameters in ovaries recovered after treatment did not differ. Expressions of mRNA for IGF-I (P = 0.052) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in corpus luteum and for 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydroxyenase (3β-HSD) within dominant follicles were significantly elevated, while mRNA for GHR(tot), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme (P450-SCC), and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) tended to increase (P < 0.1) with treatment. The treatment resulted in changes similar to those of nutritional stress or the initiation of lactogenesis. Phloridizin-induced hypoglycaemia may be a model to investigate mechanisms linking glucose metabolism, and the somatotropic axis to reproductive function. The advantages of such a model, is that it allows for strict control of the level of hypoglycaemia. The use of non-lactating cows also removes the feedback mechanisms that modulate mammary gland requirements, and therefore will minimize the between cow variance when using lactating cows. This work was completed with the help from Dexcel Farms and the Dairy Cattle Fertility team. This study was funded by the New Zealand Foundation for Research, Science and Technology (DRCX 0202). (1)Roberts et al. (1997) Journal of Animal Science 75, 1909–1917.(2)Thatcher et al. (1996) Reproduction, Fertility and Development 8, 203–217.(3)Royal et al. (2000) Animal Science 70, 487–501.(4)Butler (2000) Animal Reproduction Science 60, 449–457.(5)Lucy (2000) Journal of Dairy Science 84, 1635–1647.
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Heinämaa, Sara. "What is a Woman? Butler and Beauvoir on the Foundations of the Sexual Difference." Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philosophy 12, no. 1 (January 1997): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/hyp.1997.12.1.20.
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Heinämaa, Sara. "What is a Woman? Butler and Beauvoir on the Foundations of the Sexual Difference." Hypatia 12, no. 1 (1997): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1997.tb00169.x.
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The aim of this paper is to show that Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex has been mistakenly interpreted as a theory of gender, because interpreters have failed adequately to understand Beauvoir's aims. Beauvoir is not trying to explain facts, events, or states of affairs, but to reveal, unveil, or uncover (découvrir) meanings. She explicates the meanings of woman, female, and feminine. Instead of a theory, Beauvoir's book presents a phenomenological description of the sexual difference.
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Przybilla, Moritz Jakob, Amany Ammar, Ryan Chuen Khaw, Andrew R. Lawson, Pantelis Nicola, Kate Davies, Zoe Frazer, et al. "Abstract 218: Somatic mutations in single-cell derived alveolar organoids." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-218.
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Abstract The diversity in somatic variation across human tissues outshining human cancers has only recently been started to be appreciated. In particular, healthy individuals carry large numbers of cells and clonal expansions with mutations in driver genes commonly observed in cancer. We previously demonstrated that the majority of epithelial cells in the proximal airway accumulate DNA damage proportionally to an individual's smoking habits. However, the analysis of whole genomes indicated the abundance of a population of cells with a near-normal mutation burden, mirroring cellular populations found in never-smoking individuals. In contrast to the proximal airway, the genomics of cells in the distal airway of healthy individuals with diverse smoking histories, and thus the foundation of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), has not been investigated yet. To assess the influence of smoking on the distal airway and to compare the genomics of proximal and distal airway in the lung, we established an experimental procedure to create single-cell derived alveolar type II (AT2) organoids from primary human tissue of 9 patients. In particular, we focus on AT2 cells, given their hypothesised role as a potential cell of origin for LUAD. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of >400 organoids was utilised to assess the landscape of somatic variation, including single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions and deletions (indels), copy number and structural variation (CNVs, SVs). Focusing on SNVs, we found that the mutation burden of never-smokers is significantly lower compared to ex- and current-smokers. Emphasising the effect of tobacco smoking on the distal airway, this difference was driven by the presence of mutations related to SBS4 and SBS92, mutational signatures associated with tobacco smoking. Interestingly, and in contrast to the proximal airway, we did not find a difference in the mutation burden of ex- and current-smokers, suggesting that smoking damage to alveolar cells is more severe and long-term. Lastly, to characterise the driver mutation landscape in depth, we used targeted single-molecule sequencing of 250 known cancer genes to profile 15 AT2 single-cell suspensions as well as 22 frozen parenchyma biopsies. To date, our preliminary results indicate positive selection on lineage defining mutations including SFTPB and SFTPC, coding for surfactant as well as TP53. As we begin to explore these data further, we expect this work to provide unprecedented insights into the contribution of somatic and driver mutations to the earliest stages of lung cancer development. Citation Format: Moritz Jakob Przybilla, Amany Ammar, Ryan Chuen Khaw, Andrew R. Lawson, Pantelis Nicola, Kate Davies, Zoe Frazer, Kate H. Gowers, Timothy M. Butler, Sarah E. Clarke, Inigo Martincorena, Sam M. Janes, Peter J. Campbell. Somatic mutations in single-cell derived alveolar organoids [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 218.
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Roberts-Holmes, Guy. "‘It's the bread and butter of our practice’: experiencing the Early Years Foundation Stage." International Journal of Early Years Education 20, no. 1 (March 2012): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669760.2012.664473.
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Phillips, Peter. "A Theologian in His Workshop: Christopher Butler and The Downside Review." Downside Review 136, no. 4 (October 2018): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0012580618822751.
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Butler honed his theological skills in a wide-ranging series of reviews and articles in the pages of The Downside Review, starting with his first review in 1931 and concluding with an article in 1966, the articles only drying up during the years that he had other demands on his time as Head Master in the school. He reviewed volumes of Biblical studies in French, German and English, and here laid the foundations of his work on the priority of Matthew. Strangely, two of the most important influences in his theological thinking are not dealt with in any detail here. For a discussion of the influence of Newman and of Lonergan, we have to look elsewhere. Nevertheless, there are also some very generous and open-minded reviews of works on the doctrine of the Church by non-Catholic writers, sewing the seeds of future important work in ecumenism.
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Muniagurria, Mandela Indiana. "Vulnerabilidad/soledad común. Judith Butler y Jorge Alemán." Castalia - Revista de Psicología de la Academia, no. 40 (July 31, 2023): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25074/07198051.40.2456.
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El artículo se interroga acerca de lo común como esa persistente zona que disgrega, ensambla y también contamina los límites entre lo subjetivo y lo social, y lo hace a partir de las perspectivas de Judith Butler –especialmente en sus escritos de los años dos mil– y de Jorge Alemán en su Soledad: Común. Políticas en Lacan. Se sostiene que, a pesar de la inscripción en tradiciones teóricas distintas y hasta en disputa, ambas lecturas parten de un gesto curiosamente similar: identificar la opacidad constitutiva del sujeto como la piedra angular para pensar la experiencia política de lo común. El escrito propone situar, en el corazón de las dos interpretaciones, una tensión entre, por un lado, el horizonte posfundacional en el que suelen ser inscriptas y, por el otro, sus derivas político-normativas.
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The article interrogates the notion of “common” as that persistent zone that disintegrates, assembles and also contaminates the limits between the subjective and the social, based on an analysis of the perspectives of Judith Butler –especially in her 2000s writings– and Jorge Alemán in his Solitude: Common. Politics in Lacan. It is argued that, despite the inscription in different and even disputed theoretical traditions, both readings start from a curiously similar gesture: by identifying the constitutive opacity of the subject as the cornerstone for thinking the political experience of the common. The article proposes to situate, at the center of the two interpretations, a tension between, on the one hand, the post-foundational horizon in which they are usually inscribed and, on the other, their political-normative drifts
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Spreadborough, Kristal, and Solange Glasser. "A literature review on the use of retrospective LMS data to investigate online Teaching and Learning practices." Pacific Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjtel.v4i1.131.
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Access to high quality education is a cornerstone of social, cultural, and economic recovery after any crisis. This is also true of the global COVID-19 pandemic which has disrupted the pedagogical practices of higher education institutions around the world (Butler-Henderson, Crawford, Rudolph, Lalani, & Sabu, 2020). Digital learning has become the new-norm, and tertiary education institutions have been propelled to innovate their teaching methods by integrating digital learning through the adoption of cost-effective (Al-Maroof & Al-Emran, 2018) and adaptable (Bhat et al., 2018) Learning Management Systems (LMS) (Bervell & Umar, 2017; Cigdem & Ozturk, 2016). In these systems, pedagogical technologies are embedded in an infrastructure that enables administration and management of learning contents, communication, assessment, and collaboration (Washington, 2019). Due to the fact that the fundamental task of LMS is to support digital teaching and learning (El Bahsh & Daoud, 2016), they are some of the most extensively used learning technologies in higher education (Abazi-Bexheti, Jajaga, & Abazi-Alili, 2018). LMS technology is now widely adopted to support face-to-face, blended, and online pedagogical practices. In this context, LMS data provides large-scale capture, processing, and analysis of students’ interactions with the system, with each other, and with their teaching support within the system (Chung, 2014). LMS data provides a rich resource through which to investigate online learning technologies and behaviours (see, for example, Chung, 2014). Such work is increasingly being done across multiple domains, however no systematic review has yet been conducted which surveys such work - specifically examining retrospective LMS data. This is the goal of the present paper.
A literature review was conducted to examine what data analysis methods have been used to better understand online pedagogy. The review focused specifically on the use of tertiary level retrospective LMS data and was not limited to a specific academic domain. The review was conducted from January - December 2021, with searching being conducted in January 2021. A total of 97 full text articles were included in the literature review. The literature review aimed to identify the kinds of research questions retrospective LMS data is being used to answer, the analytical techniques used to analyse this data, and the types of study designs used in this field of research. The number of students represented in the data and the academic domains were also considered. Quality of data and analytical reporting was assessed in order to interrogate the opportunities and challenges of reproducible research in studies using retrospective LMS data. Finally, the review considered the degree to which the analysis of retrospective LMS data met the needs of the research question.
Understanding how retrospective LMS data has been used to examine pedagogical practice in previous research equips us to reorientate Teaching and Learning in the immediate aftermath of COVID-19. This will become increasingly important as we move towards a future characterised by an escalation of remote and online learning opportunities. Through surveying previous research in this area, this paper provides an important foundation for future work utilising retrospective LMS data to understand online Teaching and Learning in the peri-COVID era.
References
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Al-Maroof, R. A. S., & Al-Emran, M. (2018). Students acceptance of Google classroom: An exploratory study using PLS-SEM approach. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (IJET), 13(06), 112. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v13i06.8275
Bahsh, R. El, & Daoud, M. I. (2016). Evaluating the use of Moodle to achieve effective and interactive learning : A case study at the German Jordanian University. In Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on open source software computing (OSSCOM 2016) (pp. 16–20). Beirut, Lebanon: IEEE
Bervell, B., & Umar, I. N. (2017). A decade of LMS acceptance and adoption research in sub-Sahara African higher education: A systematic review of models, methodologies, milestones and main challenges. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 13(11), 7269–7286. https://doi. org/10.12973/ejmste/79444
Bhat, S., Raju, R., Bikramjit, A., & Souza, R. D. (2018). Leveraging e-learning through Google classroom: A usability study. Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 31(3), 1–7
Butler-Henderson, K., Crawford, J., Rudolph, J., Lalani, K., & Sabu, K.M. (2020). COVID-19 in Higher Education Literature Database (CHELD V1): An open access systematic literature review database with coding rules. Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 3(3), DOI:https://doi.org/10.37074/jalt.2020.3.2.11
Chung, G. K. W. K. (2014). Toward the Relational Management of Educational Measurement Data. Teachers College Record, 116(11), p. 1-16
Cigdem, H., & Ozturk, M. (2016). Factors affecting students’ behavioral intention to use LMS at a Turkish post-secondary vocational school. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v17i3.2253
Kumar, J. A., Bervell, B., & Osman, S. (2020). Google classroom: insights from Malaysian higher education students’ and instructors’ experiences. Education and Information Technologies, 25(5), pp. 4175-4195. DOI: 10.1007/s10639-020-10163-x
Washington, G. Y. (2019). The learning management system matters in face-to-face higher education courses. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047239519874037
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Yunus, Muhammad O. "Model Test Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Bakau Piles Foundation on Soft Soil Deposit." EPI International Journal of Engineering 1, no. 2 (November 20, 2018): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.25042/epi-ije.082018.15.
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The pile foundation is one of the deep foundation types commonly used to support building loads when hard soil layers are deeply located. To determine the ultimate bearing capacity of a pile foundation of the load test results, there are several methods commonly used to interpretation test results such as Davisson method, Mazurkiewich method, Chin method, Buttler Hoy method and De Beer method. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of soft soil and bakau piles used in the study and to analyze the size of the bearing capacity ultimate of pile foundation that is modeled on a small scale in the laboratory. From the test results of material characteristics of the soil used is organic clay type with medium plasticity with specific gravity 2.75, liquid limit, LL = 50.36% and plasticity index, PI = 13.2%. While the results of testing the characteristics of bakau piles obtained average water content of 21.58%, tensile strength of 18.51 MPa, compressive strength of parallel fiber 23.75 MPa and perpendicular fiber 14.10 MPa, bending strength 106, 22 MPa, and strong split 29.91 MPa. From the result of loading test of the foundation model in the laboratory, it is found that the ultimate bearing capacity of the model without foundation is 41.00 kN with the ultimate settlement of 14.00 mm, the model of the 20 cm long bakau piles foundation is 52.00 kN with the ultimate settlement of 13.00 mm, the foundation model a 30 cm long bakau piles foundation of 54.00 kN with a 10.00 mm ultimate settlement, a 40 cm long bakau piles foundation model of 56.00 kN with an ultimate settlement of 8.50 mm.
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Bezuk, Nadine S. "Fractions in the Early Childhood Mathematics Curriculum." Arithmetic Teacher 35, no. 6 (February 1988): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/at.35.6.0056.
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Fractions! This word evokes anxiety, discomfort, and even fear in many children (and even adults) and dismay in the teachers who have to teach them. However, experiences with fractions are part of children's everyday lives. Half a peanut butter sandwich, half an a pple, and a quarter of a dollar are fractions that children often encounter. The early childhood curriculum can capitalize on children's interest in their environment and their awareness of the existence of fractions in their world while laying the foundation for some important mathematics learning.
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Pich, Christopher, and Dianne Dean. "Qualitative projective techniques in political brand image research from the perspective of young adults." Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal 18, no. 1 (January 12, 2015): 115–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qmr-12-2012-0058.
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Purpose – This paper aimed to focus on political marketing and utilised a number of projective techniques to explore the UK Conservative Party’s “brand image” amongst young adults aged 18-24 years. There is little guidance in the extant literature regarding projective technique analysis. Furthermore, there are explicit calls for insight and more understanding into the analytical process. Responding to this identified gap in the literature, this paper provides an illustrative guide that can be used to analyse and interpret findings generated from qualitative projective techniques. Design/methodology/approach – This paper opted for an exploratory study using focus group discussions, combined with qualitative projective techniques. Eight two-hour focus group discussions were conducted with 46 young citizens aged 18-24 years from three locations in England. Focus groups were conducted prior to the 2010 UK General Election. The data from the projective techniques were thematically analysed by the researcher. Findings – This research provides insight into the broad process used to analyse and interpret the qualitative projective expressions in relation to the UK Conservative Party’s brand image from the perspective of young adults. Furthermore, this paper highlights that projective techniques can provide an insight into underlying feelings and deep-seated attitudes towards political parties, candidates and the positive and negative aspects of brand image. Research limitations/implications – Several limitations became apparent at the end of this study. As this is a qualitative study, findings cannot be generalisable to the wider population. Additionally, it is important to note that the researcher had limited experience of conducting focus group discussions combined with projective techniques, and this can be considered a limitation. Nevertheless, the researcher did attend professional “effective depth interviewing” training delivered by the “Marketing Research Society” before data collection. This goes some way in addressing this limitation. Practical implications – This paper provides an illustrative guide and insight into the analytical process that can be used to analyse and interpret findings generated from qualitative projective techniques. This can be used by academics with little experience of projective techniques. Furthermore, this framework may be useful for practitioners such as marketers, political parties and candidates to explore and analyse the external image of other political brands. The elicitation ability of qualitative projective techniques facilitates greater expressive insight that may remain hidden if traditional direct data collection tools such as interviews and questionnaires are used. Social implications – This paper provides some understanding into how to analyse subjective meaning such as feelings, attitudes, perceptions and associations revealed through projective techniques. Furthermore, projective techniques can provide access to the private conscious and unconscious inner-world of the participant. They allow respondents to express themselves with greater detail and discussion compared with direct questioning. This research, therefore, presents greater insight in managing and analysing expressions generated from this non-intrusive approach that can encourage open disclosure with less hesitancy, verbally less demanding and suitable to overcome emotional, language and cultural barriers. Originality/value – This paper adds to the under-researched and undefined practice of analysing projective expressions by providing an illustrative process to interpret and understand insight generated from qualitative projective techniques. Thus, answers the explicit calls for detailed guidance in this area of research. This was achieved by critically reviewing and adapting the approaches taken by Boddy, 2005, Butler-Kisber, 2010 and Hofstede et al., 2007 and incorporating them into a pragmatic systematic framework. This research could be used as a foundation for future studies and a point of reference for people with limited knowledge of projective technique analysis.
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Murphy, Martin. "Cloak Without Dagger: Dr Thomas Hussey, 1746–1803." Recusant History 19, no. 1 (May 1988): 80–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003419320002015x.
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CHARLES BUTLER, who knew Thomas Hussey well, wrote of him that he ‘would long live the memory of his friends:—a man of great genius, of enlightened piety; with manners at once imposing and elegant; and enchanting conversation. He did not come into contact with many whom he did not subdue: the highest rank often sunk before him. One notes, straightaway, the language of avoirdupois: the man ‘imposes’, he ‘subdues’, and beneath him others ‘sink’. Thomas Hussey had weight. That is evident in the portrait which hangs today in the building that rests on his foundations, Spanish Place: it conveys the force of character of one who was, in the words of another acquaintance, ‘by talents, nerves, ambition and intrepidity fitted for the boldest enterprise’.
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Nenadyshchuk, Eugene. "From Bodily Ontology to the Ethics of Nonviolence: the Role of Vulnerability as Interdependence in J. Butler’s Ethical-Political Thought." Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 23, no. 1 (2024): 279–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2024-1-279-301.
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In the first decades of the XXI century, the problem of vulnerability has become the subject of social sciences, including social and political theory in connection with the “affective turn” and the growth of social, political and economic instability. Representatives of feminist moral and political philosophy, revealing vulnerability as a universal and fundamental human trait, have played a significant role in its comprehension. The article explicates the concept of vulnerability as an ontological state of interdependence in the bodily ontology proposed by American philosopher Judith Butler and critically analyzes the relevance of deducing ethical and political obligations from this ontology. To solve this problem, the method of conceptual analysis is used, which allows to reveal the conceptual content of the key categories of Butler’s bodily ontology. The first part of the article is devoted to the consideration of Butler’s relational bodily ontology and its connection with the ethical and political reflections of the philosopher, for which two levels are distinguished: ontological and social. The second part analyzes three key categories of Butler’s proposed ontology: interdependence, vulnerability and precariousness. The application of these concepts in the philosopher’s criticism of liberal ideas about the subject as an autonomous, sovereign and independent individual is described. Finally, the third part analyzes Butler’s arguments on the justification of the ethics of nonviolence through an appeal to states of vulnerability and interdependence. Based on the analysis, the author comes to the conclusion that the ethics of nonviolence for Butler is a means of problematizing these ontological states in order to support political egalitarianism and refute liberal views about man as an individual; The bodily ontology developed by Butler can become a successful theoretical tool both for the criticism of established ideas about social subjectivity and for the study of the fundamental foundations of the existence of society, which remain invisible from the standpoint of individualistic views on man.
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Adel, Raghad, and Ressol R. Shakir. "Evaluation of Static Pile Load Test Results of Ultimate Bearing Capacity by Interpreting Methods." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 961, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/961/1/012013.
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Abstract in geotechnical engineering, foundation piles are ideal for deep foundations that cannot bear higher loads. This architectural expansion places a great deal of responsibility on the engineer to anticipate the appropriate load for the constructor. Unfortunately, calculations of the pile’s bearing capacity are not accessible. It has always been a source of concern for geotechnical engineers, as the structure’s safety depends on the pile’s bearing capacity and gives it a safe value. These research tests are previously known pile load test data from several locations in Nasiriyah to determine the ultimate load-carrying capacity using various interpreting methodologies. A database that was used to test the pile load for three different areas in Nasiriyah, southern Iraq: The Main Drain River Bridge Project, the Al-Eskan Interchange Project, and the Al-Hawra Hospital, as determined by analytical methods, as well as evaluating the final loading values resulting from the methods used, by ASTM D-1143, American and British Standard Code of Practice BS 800. The final capacity for the pile bearing is estimated using these approaches, which are depicted in the form of a graph-based on field data. Chin-Kondner and Brinch Hansen algorithms anticipate the highest failure load for all piles based on the comparison. On average, Chin–Kondner’s ultimate load is 22% higher than Hansen’s maximum load for the 22 pile load tests. Decourt and DeBeer, and Mazurkiewicz’s techniques yielded the closest average failure load. Buttler-Hoy approach yielded the smallest failure load.
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Sychevskiy, Mykola, Olga Kovalenko, Liudmyla Deineko, and Lyudmyla Yashchenko. "Assessing dynamic stability of economic development of global food markets in the context of globalization." Problems and Perspectives in Management 20, no. 2 (June 7, 2022): 372–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.20(2).2022.31.
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The global food market is in constant transformation. Cyclical fluctuations and force majeure (financial crises, epidemics, military actions) affect the volumes of production, consumption, exports and imports of food products. Therefore, the study of the dynamic stability of the growth of world food markets is especially relevant. The purpose of the study is to assess the dynamic stability of economic growth in the world food markets: cheese, butter and sugar. The study used general scientific and special methods: dialectical and logical to summarize the scientific foundations for ensuring the sustainable development of world food markets; regression analysis – to determine the direction of market development; variational analysis – to determine the sustainability of market development. The advantage of the approach proposed in the paper is the assessment of the direction of development by the regression coefficients and the amplitude of fluctuations by the average percentage of deviations from the trend, which allows more correct interpretation of the results than when using only the coefficient of variation, which takes into account changes around the average value. It is established that the world markets for cheese, butter and sugar from 2011 to 2020 are characterized by dynamically stable growth in production, consumption, exports and imports. However, the markets of individual countries have developed unevenly: cheese production is most attractive and less risky in the EU, Brazil and South Korea; butter production in the EU and India; sugar production – in the USA, India, Algeria. Forecast calculations confirm the likelihood of growth in these markets.
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Songer, Nancy Butler. "Inspiring STEM education focused on solutions." Open Access Government 39, no. 1 (July 10, 2023): 322–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-039-10836.
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Inspiring STEM education focused on solutions Nancy Butler Songer, from the University of Utah, makes a call for collective action to create a new curriculum focused on the design of solutions. June 5, 2023, marked The United Nations Environment Programme’s (UNEP) fiftieth anniversary of World Environment Day, the largest global platform for environmental public outreach. Hosted by Côte D’Ivoire, this year’s celebration emphasized a need for collective action and policy to realize known solutions, such as the sustainable design of products and materials to reduce how much plastic waste flows into aquatic ecosystems. World Environment Day helps us to recognize that to address many current environmental, educational, health, and economic challenges that have foundations in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines, we cannot rely on individuals or even experts within one area of science, technology, engineering, mathematics, or education. We must innovate with, study, and empower students, teachers, community members, and university and industry partners toward collective action.
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EHRLICH, JOSHUA. "WILLIAM ROBERTSON AND SCIENTIFIC THEISM." Modern Intellectual History 10, no. 3 (October 24, 2013): 519–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244313000206.
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Scholars have hitherto found little to no place for natural philosophy in the intellectual makeup of the Enlightened historian William Robertson, overlooking his significant contacts with that province and its central relevance to the controversy surrounding David Hume and Lord Kames in the 1750s. Here I reexamine Robertson's Situation of the World at the Time of Christ's Appearance (1755) in light of these contexts. I argue that his foundational sermon drew upon the scientific theism of such thinkers as Joseph Butler, Edmund Law, and Colin Maclaurin to counter the autonomous figurations of the universe associated with Hume and Kames, and to develop a historical account of progress based around Christian progressivism rather than the stadial theory of Adam Smith. Robertson conceived of history neither in secular terms nor in those of traditional religion, but sought instead to update the language of providentialism by naturalizing the sacred within a framework of general laws.
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Aasen, Garth, Micah Will, Xiayuan Liang, and Jeffrey Schowinsky. "Novel Description of Prospective Diagnosis of Congenital Acute Leukemia On Initial Processing of Banked Umbilical Cord Blood and Potential Implications for Testing Laboratories." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 4129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.4129.4129.
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Abstract Abstract 4129 Introduction: Since the first successful umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplant in 1988 (Gluckman 1989), the growing use of this therapy has led to the creation of over 100 cord blood banks (CBB) housing over 400,000 UCB units (Butler 2011). This created a need for regulatory oversight of CBBs, a role currently filled by NetCord-Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (NetCord-FACT), and the American Association of Blood Banks (AABB). These entities publish standards to be followed in collecting, processing, banking, and releasing UCB. Current NetCord-FACT (4th ed., 2010) and AABB (5th ed., 2011) standards both include the following processing tests upon receipt of UCB by CBBs: total nucleated cell count, total nucleated RBC count, total number of CD34-positive cells (CD34-PC), and an assay of cell viability. NetCord-FACT also includes a CBC with differential. Congenital acute leukemia (CAL) is a rare entity, accounting for less than 1% of childhood leukemias. We report the first prospective diagnosis of CAL during initial processing of a UCB unit for a CBB, and discuss implications of this case for laboratories performing such testing. Case Report: A male infant was born at 39 weeks gestational age to a healthy 29 year old mother. The pregnancy and delivery were uncomplicated. The newborn physical exam revealed a 3.2kg male infant without apparent abnormalities other than jaundice. The immediate postnatal period was uncomplicated except for hyperbilirubinemia requiring a brief course of phototherapy. The infant otherwise did well and was discharged home. Cord blood had been collected and was donated. On the third day of life, a CD34-PC assay was performed on the UCB sample at a flow cytometry laboratory contracted to the CBB. The CD34-PC result was 6906/μL, a magnitude of order above the normal range of results. A Wright-stained smear of the UCB sample showed many circulating blasts. The sample was immediately set up for immunophenotyping by flow cytometry, which showed the large majority of nucleated cells in the sample to be B-lymphoblasts, consistent with a diagnosis of precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The CBB was notified, and records were used to identify and notify the infant's primary care provider. The infant was admitted to a children's hospital. A CBC on admission showed a white blood cell count of 64.1 × 103/μL with 82% blasts, a platelet count of 49 × 103/μL, and hemoglobin of 14.0 g/dL. A bone marrow aspirate revealed 89% blasts. Flow cytometry confirmed the diagnosis of B-ALL, with blasts positive for HLA-DR, TdT, CD19, CD22, CD79a, and dim CD45; and negative for CD34, CD10, CD2, CD7, CD13, CD33, cIgM, and surface light chains. A spinal tap showed 26% blasts. Cytogenetic analysis revealed an abnormal karyotype: 46,XY,t(4;11)(q21;q23)[20], FISH confirmed an MLL rearrangement, and RT-PCR detected a MLL/AF1 fusion transcript. The patient underwent induction chemotherapy according to the COG AALL6031 protocol. The infant initially tolerated therapy well. Following the initial induction, while neutropenic, he developed a severe invasive Candida infection of the small bowel with multiple perforations, requiring multiple surgeries. Soon after this, his leukemia recurred. Flow cytometry of bone marrow demonstrated a lineage shift to acute myelomonocytic leukemia, as the blasts were now positive for CD4, CD11c, CD13, CD14, CD15, CD33, CD45, and CD11c; partially and dimly positive for HLA-DR and myeloperoxidase; and negative for CD34, HLA-DR, TdT, CD10, CD2, CD7, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD79a, surface light chains, CD56, and CD117. Comfort care was initiated and the baby died within 3 days of the confirmed relapse at 4 months of age. Discussion: As the number of UCB units submitted to CBBs increases, the unlikely chance of encountering UCB involved by CAL increases. Laboratories processing UCB for CBBs should be aware of this possibility. We recommend establishing normal ranges for the results of these tests, and creating protocols for investigation of specimens with outlying results, and for identification and notification of providers if critical results are discovered. While such steps are not specifically mandated by the regulatory bodies, they may allow for an earlier diagnosis of CAL, and possibly give the patient a better chance of surviving a devastating disease. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Lal, Ashutosh, Sujit Sheth, Sandra Gilbert, and Janet L. Kwiatkowski. "Thalassemia Management Checklists: Quick Reference Guides to Reduce Disparities in the Care of Patients with Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 2233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-109945.
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Abstract Background: The prevalence of thalassemia in the US is rising due to migration, new births, and improved survival. Advances in monitoring and treatment have significantly reduced morbidity and mortality in transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT), the most severe form of this inherited disease. Thalassemia Treatment Centers (TTCs) utilize a comprehensive care model to provide expert-recommended and evidence-informed treatment, but a majority of the patients with TDT are not managed at such centers owing to long travel distance and lack of insurance portability. The resulting lack of access to specialized care increases the risk of complications and reduces health-related quality of life. To address this challenge, a national project was launched to develop Thalassemia Management Checklists (TMCs), a set of quick reference guides that provide decision support to physicians for blood transfusion, iron overload and chelation therapy. Methods: Three TTC's (New York, NY, Philadelphia, PA, and Oakland, CA) collaborated on the development of the following TMCs: (1) Guidelines for Managing Transfusion therapy for Thalassemia, (2) Monitoring of Iron Overload, and (3) Monitoring Deferasirox Therapy. A comprehensive review of literature including over 600 published studies and case reports, as well as the existing expert guidelines was conducted. Utilizing relevant references, the clinical guidelines were developed and a consensus on content and design of the Checklists was achieved. Subsequently, feedback obtained from national experts and patients with thalassemia was incorporated into the final Checklists. Results: Each Checklist was divided into three sections and formatted as a quick reference guide. Part 1 was a summary table having essential information printed on one side of letter-sized paper. For transfusion therapy, the table contained actions to be triggered by the pre-transfusion hemoglobin level. For iron overload, the optimal and elevated liver and cardiac iron concentration were defined along with the frequency of iron measurement using MRI. For monitoring of deferasirox, the monitoring guidelines for adverse effects and the response to abnormal laboratory tests were presented. Part 2 consisted of a literature review and rationale for the recommendations presented in the table, which was printed on the opposite face of the page. Part 3 was a bibliography of publications cited in the literature review that was made available online with a link provided in the TMC. The final product was three separate pages each covering a single topic, allowing easy access to the summary information while displaying detailed information on demand. The TMCs were distributed as printed copies to hematologists and can be downloaded from thalassemia-related websites. Discussion: The TTC's involved with this effort recognized that physicians providing care to only a few patients with TDT within general hematology (or more commonly oncology) -focused practices are far more likely to consult a desktop quick reference guide instead of a textbook, journal or handbook of comprehensive guidelines. TMCs are expected to cover most of the routine management of TDT while encouraging consultation with TTC's for complex decisions. TMCs will form the backbone of the first national attempt to standardize the management of TDT and reduce disparities in access to and quality of care. Over the next 3 years, the adoption of TMCs and their impact on patient care will be formally evaluated in selected regions. Patient access to TMCs through online publication will increase knowledge and promote self-advocacy. We are grateful to Craig Butler and Cooley's Anemia Foundation for coordinating this project. This project is/was supported by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) under grant number U1AMC28548: Cooperative Agreements to Support Comprehensive Medical Care for Thalassemia with no funds from non-governmental sources. This information or content and conclusions are those of the author and should not be construed as the official position or policy of, nor should any endorsements be inferred by HRSA, HHS or the U.S. Government. Disclosures Lal: Insight Magnetics: Research Funding; La Jolla Pharmaceutical Company: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Bluebird Bio: Research Funding; Terumo Corporation: Research Funding; Celgene Corporation: Research Funding. Sheth:Terumo Corporation: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; La Jolla Pharmaceutical Company: Research Funding; Celgene Corporation: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bluebird Bio: Consultancy. Kwiatkowski:Novartis: Research Funding; Apopharma: Research Funding; bluebird bio: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Terumo: Research Funding; Agios Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Research Funding.
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Ji, Yuefan, and Daniel T. Schwartz. "Coupling Linear and Second-Harmonic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to Determine Half-Cell Physicochemical Processes from Measurements in Two-Electrode Cells." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 48 (August 28, 2023): 2548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01482548mtgabs.
Full textAbstract:
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a widely used electroanalytical technique. A consequence of small amplitude modulation of the electrochemical interface is the linearization of inherently nonlinear processes, easing analysis, but giving up some mechanistic discriminating power. An example of this diminished discriminating power is degeneracy among linearized physics-based models [1] and even equivalent circuits [2]. The discriminating power of EIS is further degraded in situations where a two-electrode cell configuration is required, in which case, the total cell impedance is the sum of two half-cell impedances, plus an ohmic drop of the electrolyte. The summative nature of two-electrode EIS (a positive parity signal) makes the assignment of physicochemical processes to one electrode or the other extremely challenging without additional information. We have shown that second harmonic nonlinear electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (NLEIS), a natural extension of EIS achieved with somewhat larger modulations, can break model degeneracy and provide more information than EIS alone. [3,4] An added feature of second harmonic NLEIS acquired in a two-electrode cell is that the signal arises from the difference between each half-cell response (a negative parity signal). The complementary parity between EIS and second harmonic NLEIS, when analyzed with a common physics-based model, makes discriminating half-cell processes from two-electrode measurements feasible. To pave the foundation of NLEIS analysis, the first (EIS) and second harmonic (NLEIS) impedance responses of a simple electrochemical interface are considered, building from well-known Helmholtz double layer, Butler–Volmer kinetics, and solid state Fickian diffusion (to align with experimental lithium insertion chemistry). The linearized portion of this model produces a classic Randles circuit with Warburg impedance, whereas the second harmonic reveals a dependence on charge transfer symmetry and the second derivative of the open circuit voltage with insertion charge. We then adopted and extended Paasch’s macro-homogeneous porous electrode theory [5] to describe the linear and nonlinear impedance responses of a porous electrode. Half-cell models are then combined into whole-cell models to describe lithium-ion battery (LIB) systems. Experimentally, EIS and second harmonic NLEIS obtained with 1.5 Ah Samsung 18650 NMC|C cells are analyzed. Figure 1 demonstrates that our more sophisticated extended Paasch model can accurately fit the positive parity EIS and negative parity NLEIS data with a total of 15 meaningful physicochemical parameters (11 for the linear response and 4 additional for the nonlinear response). A data analysis pipeline is built based on these models to analyze a dataset that composed of 48 commercial LIBs cycled under four different aging conditions, and evaluated at 10%, 30%, and 50% state of charge (SOC). The co-evolution of EIS and NLEIS parameters from our analysis provides several insights, with perhaps the most interesting being the simultaneous increase in charge transfer resistance on the positive electrode and the breaking of charge transfer symmetry at the same time (for low SOC). These results demonstrate that the coupling of EIS and NLEIS can advance electrochemical impedance analysis with small changes from traditional EIS. Open-source software is described that leverages impedance.py to enable the easy implementation of EIS and NLEIS data analysis. References [1] J.R. Wilson, D.T. Schwartz, S.B. Adler, Nonlinear electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for solid oxide fuel cell cathode materials, Electrochimica Acta. 51 (2006) 1389–1402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2005.02.109. [2] S. Fletcher, Tables of degenerate electrical networks for use in the equivalent‐circuit analysis of electrochemical systems, J. Electrochem. Soc. 141 (1994) 1823–1826. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2055011. [3] M.D. Murbach, D.T. Schwartz, Extending newman’s pseudo-two-dimensional lithium-ion battery impedance simulation approach to include the nonlinear harmonic response, J. Electrochem. Soc. 164 (2017) E3311–E3320. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0301711jes. [4] M.D. Murbach, V.W. Hu, D.T. Schwartz, Nonlinear electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of lithium-ion batteries: Experimental approach, analysis, and initial findings, J. Electrochem. Soc. 165 (2018) A2758–A2765. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0711811jes. [5] G. Paasch, K. Micka, P. Gersdorf, Theory of the electrochemical impedance of macrohomogeneous porous electrodes, Electrochimica Acta. 38 (1993) 2653–2662. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(93)85083-B. Figure 1
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Loos, Tamara. "Reading Gender Trouble in Southeast Asia." Journal of Asian Studies 79, no. 4 (November 2020): 927–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911820002387.
Full textAbstract:
Judith Butler's book Gender Trouble, published in 1990, enjoyed its thirtieth anniversary in 2020. To that end, the Association for Asian Studies, the United States’ largest association of academics working on Asia, invited scholars to consider the importance of her arguments and ideas for Asian studies and scholarship in Asia, including how scholars have diverged from and expanded their studies of gender and sexuality in ways not anticipated by Butler when she first published the book. In this essay, I examine the impact of Butler's book in Southeast Asia. Out of the abundance of scholarship stemming from and about the region's eleven diverse countries and their histories, I prioritize those works that explicitly engage the theoretical insights in Gender Trouble to elucidate the lives of gender-nonconforming communities in Southeast Asia. I include scholarship that allows me to explore the disjunction between categories of analysis that are foundational to Butler's theory and those at work in Southeast Asia. Far from rendering Butler's theory and methodological intervention inapposite, this mismatch has catalyzed productive rethinking of Gender Trouble and its implications for the region.
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Schmid, Charlotte. "The Carving of Kṛṣṇa’s Legend: North and South, Back and Forth." Religions 11, no. 9 (August 25, 2020): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11090439.
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This paper emphasizes the role played by the sculptural tradition in the elaboration of religious narratives that today are mostly studied through texts. It aims to demonstrate that according to the documents we know, the legend of Kṛṣṇa has been built through one continuous dialogue between different media, namely texts and carvings, and different linguistic areas, Indo-Aryan and Dravidian. Taking the motif of the butter theft as a basis, we stress the role played by the sculptural tradition and Tamil poetry, two elements less studied than others, at the foundation of a pan-Indian Kṛṣṇa-oriented heritage. We posit that the iconographic formula of the cowherds’ station as the significant background of the infancy of Kṛṣṇa led to the motif of the young god stealing butter in the texts, through the isolation of one significant element of the early sculpted images. The survey of the available documents leads to the conclusion that, in the southern part of the peninsula, patterns according to which stone carvings were done have been a source of inspiration in Tamil literature. Poets writing in Tamil authors knew texts transmitted in Sanskrit, Prākrit, and Pāli, and they certainly had listened to some others to which we have no access today. But we give reasons to assume that the authors of the said texts were also aware of the traditional ways of representing a child Kṛṣṇa in the visual domain. With these various traditions, poets of the Tamil country in the later stage of Tamil Caṅkam literature featured a character they may not have consciously created, as he was already existent in the visual tradition and nurtured by the importance of one landscape animated by cowherds in the legend of Kṛṣṇa.
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Batsaki, Yota. "The Apocalyptic Herbarium." Environmental Humanities 13, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 391–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/22011919-9320211.
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Abstract Anselm Kiefer’s monumental Secret of the Ferns (2007) redirects the artist’s apocalyptic sensibility, honed in response to the Holocaust, to the slow violence of extinction. The installation adopts a foundational practice of early modern natural history: the herbarium’s preservation and presentation of dried, pressed plant specimens. It also mobilizes the symbolic associations of ferns, which Kiefer calls “the first plants” but which are reimagined in the gallery space as the last plants in a postapocalyptic future. The framed specimens hang in a massive hall, with two abandoned concrete bunkers spewing out coal in the center—an allusion to ferns as the source of fossil fuels. Coal appears again in the enigmatic charcoal inscriptions on the frames that allude to ferns’ rich associations with rituals of magic and transformation. The overall mood is of a temporality at the end of time, a proleptic elegy that anticipates the extinction of even the most common and resilient plants, and the human cultures associated with them. Transmuted from mnemonic device to vehicle of commemoration, Kiefer’s apocalyptic herbarium elicits grief and mourning—but also, perhaps, what Judith Butler has called “the transformative effect of loss.”
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Li, Yuchen. "Flowing Body: The Collision of Power Relations, Mind and Body Agency." Proceedings of The International Conference on Gender Studies and Sexuality 1, no. 1 (July 22, 2024): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/icgss.v1i1.182.
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This article constructs a novel theoretical framework for understanding the body in feminist theory by critically engaging with existing non-binary and non-essentialist views. It advances upon foundational critiques, particularly those by Haraway, Connell, and Butler, integrating the dynamics of body agency, power relations, and mind to propose a more fluid and intersectional approach to body politics. The new framework posits the body as an active participant in its continuous formation, interacting with and reshaping societal norms and expectations. Empirically, the paper analyzed four artworks displayed in art galleries and museums in Lund and Malmö in Sweden as case studies, focusing on how these works represent and shape notions of the female body across various themes including beauty, reproduction, migration, and sexuality. These artworks serve as a medium to explore how corporeal experiences are constructed through the interplay of power relations, mind, and body agency. Through critical analyses of theory and textual analyses of artworks, this paper points out that the body is a language of fluidity, simultaneously influenced and shaped by power relations, the mind, and its agency. Feminism should treat the body more carefully, avoiding biological essentialism or absolute social constructs.
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Tušek, Kristina, Davor Valinger, Tamara Jurina, Tea Sokač Cvetnić, Jasenka Gajdoš Kljusurić, and Maja Benković. "Bioactives in Cocoa: Novel Findings, Health Benefits, and Extraction Techniques." Separations 11, no. 4 (April 19, 2024): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations11040128.
Full textAbstract:
Theobroma cacao L. seeds, commonly known as cocoa beans, are the foundation for cocoa and chocolate production. Following harvest, these beans undergo a multi-step processing chain including fermentation, drying, roasting, and grinding. This process yields cocoa solids, cocoa butter, and cocoa powder—all fundamental ingredients in the food and beverage industry. Beyond its sensory appeal (flavor, aroma, and texture), cocoa has garnered significant interest for its potential health benefits attributed to a rich profile of bioactive compounds. Cocoa is a well-documented source of polyphenolics, specifically flavanols, alongside methylxanthines, phytosterols, and dietary fibers. These constituents have been associated with a diverse range of bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and anti-allergenic properties, potentially contributing to overall health maintenance. Efficient extraction techniques are crucial for maximizing the recovery of these valuable bioactive components from cocoa plant material. Modern methods are continuously being explored to optimize this process. This review focuses on the established health benefits associated with the bioactive compounds present in cocoa. Additionally, it will explore and discuss contemporary approaches for the extraction of these bioactive compounds from this plant source.
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Schulte, Leanna, Gabriel S. Phun, Geoffrey R. McClarin, Ethan J. Heffernan, William White, Lawrence A. Renna, and Shane Ardo. "(Keynote) Making and Breaking Bipolar Membrane Protonic Diodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 38 (July 7, 2022): 1689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01381689mtgabs.
Full textAbstract:
Bipolar membranes have been studied for >50 years for application in electrodialysis at moderate current densities (<100 mA/cm2). In the past decade bipolar membranes have experienced a renaissance due to interest in driving higher current density processes with intentional pH gradients between the anode and cathode, such as CO2/H2O electrolysis and electrochemical generation of acid and base for direct oceanic carbon capture, two applications that my group actively studies. My group’s main contribution to this field is that we recently showed that bipolar membranes are in fact high-quality protonic diodes, where water serves as a (protonic) semiconductor. Using Mott–Schottky analysis and Butler–Volmer analysis, we reported on the performance of said materials. Using this platform, we have demonstrated photovoltaic action from photoacid-dye-sensitized bipolar membranes. More recently, we have studied how intentional placement of proton-donating and proton-accepting groups in the space–charge region forms a recombination/generation junction, which are the non-tunneling variants of tunnel junctions that are important in tandem solar cells. This allows for rapid protonic conduction across originally rather insulating junctions, as desired for ionic conductors in most electrochemical devices. Collectively, our efforts form the foundational framework for new functions and resulting applications that benefit from protonic transfer and transport.
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Pieczka, Magda. "Looking back and going forward: The concept of the public in public relations theory." Public Relations Inquiry 8, no. 3 (September 2019): 225–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2046147x19870269.
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This article examines the development of the public as a foundational concept in public relations theory. It provides an overview of the way in which public relations has understood the term as referring to two distinct phenomena of a public and the public. The article approaches public relations theory as unfolding of a narrative identity of public relations. The discussion subsequently reaches to the work of Michael Warner and Judith Butler to consider the limitations and implications of the situational theory of publics and the deliberativist approach to the public derived from the work of John Dewey and Jürgen Habermas. In its final sections, the article redefines the public as a family of three distinct, but at times, overlapping terms: an audience as a public of shared spaces, a self-organized public of shared attention, and the public as a political and social imaginary. This article argues for the need to adopt the performative approach to the public in order to tackle some of the biases in public relations theory. It also suggest the PESO model of communication a useful starting point to create a more complex understanding of the formation of the public (in all three senses) in relation to processes of co-creation and circulation of a wide range of texts.
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Senyk, Yurii. "Algorithm for the implementation of the HACCP system in the production of solodkovershkovo butter." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics and Technology 7, no. 3 (November 10, 2022): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2022-3-43.
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In connection with the globalization of trade activities, the consumer can purchase any food products of different geographical origins regardless of the season, which, on the one hand, is a positive aspect and, on the other hand, complicates the process of ensuring food safety, increasing the probability of movement, delivery of batches of dangerous food products. The paper describes the theoretical foundations of the HACCP system implementation algorithm in butter production. The safety of food products requires the formation of a team of experts from various fields of science and the most excellent experience in the technological process. It is emphasized that the general description of the product, in addition to the technological process and requirements for the safety and quality of the final product, should include storage conditions of the final product, methods of consumption, methods of sale, and transportation conditions. The need to analyze sales markets, consumers, and demand for the final product is indicated. Based on this information, it is necessary to predict the possible use of the product by consumers. The block diagram of the production process was analyzed, which describes all the main stages of the production process. Emphasis is put on checking the flow chart for compliance with the existing production process. It is necessary to make a list of all potential hazards associated with each stage of work (from raw materials to the use of the product by the consumer) and assess their significance, that is, considering the probability of their occurrence and consequences for health. It was emphasized that the verification process is essential for ensuring the effective operation of the HACCP system and production in general. That is why it is necessary to verify all system elements, from hazard analysis, critical limits, and monitoring parameters to corrective actions and verification procedures. Sometimes, due to the complexity of the production process, it is easier to develop different HACCP plans, such as implemented CPC and measures developed for their management. In the case of implementing such a system development, it is essential to ensure proper communication between the various HACCP plans, which will ensure a regulated system. Keywords: algorithm, HACCP, quality, production, food products.
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Schulte, Leanna, Gabriel S. Phun, Ethan J. Heffernan, William White, Lawrence A. Renna, and Shane Ardo. "Making and Breaking Bipolar Membrane Protonic Diodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 57 (October 9, 2022): 2184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02572184mtgabs.
Full textAbstract:
Historically, bipolar membranes have been used for application in electrodialysis at moderate current densities (<100 mA/cm2). In the past decade bipolar membranes have experienced a renaissance due to interest in driving higher current density processes with intentional pH gradients between the anode and cathode, such as CO2/H2O electrolysis and electrochemical generation of acid and base for direct oceanic carbon capture, two applications that my group actively studies. My group’s main contribution to this field is that we recently showed that bipolar membranes are in fact high-quality protonic diodes, where water serves as a (protonic) semiconductor. Given this fact, we leveraged techniques from the semiconductor physics and electrocatalysis communities, i.e. Mott–Schottky analysis and Butler–Volmer analysis, to further characterize bipolar membrane performance. Using this platform, we have also demonstrated photovoltaic action from photoacid-dye-sensitized bipolar membranes. More recently, we have studied how intentional placement of proton-donating and proton-accepting groups in the bipolar membrane space–charge region forms a recombination/generation junction, which are the non-tunneling variants of tunnel junctions that are important in tandem solar cells. This allows for rapid protonic conduction across originally rather insulating junctions, as desired for ionic conductors in most electrochemical devices. Collectively, our efforts form the foundational framework for new functions and resulting applications that benefit from protonic transfer and transport.
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Morand, E. F., R. Van Vollenhoven, R. Furie, K. Kalunian, S. Yavuz, G. Abreu, C. Lindholm, and H. Al-Mossawi. "OP0051 LUPUS LOW DISEASE ACTIVITY STATE ATTAINMENT IN THE PHASE 3 PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TULIP LONG-TERM EXTENSION TRIAL OF ANIFROLUMAB." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (May 30, 2023): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.1568.
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BackgroundThe Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS) has been prospectively validated as protective from flares, damage accrual, and mortality and is an important treatment goal in patients with SLE.[1]Recent analysis of pooled data from 2 phase 3 trials (TULIP-1 and TULIP-2) found that LLDAS attainment was achieved earlier, more frequently, and for a more sustained period with anifrolumab vs placebo in patients with moderate to severe SLE.[2]ObjectivesWe investigated the long-term impact of anifrolumab compared with placebo on LLDAS attainment over the 1 year TULIP-1/TULIP-2 and 3 year long-term extension (LTE) study periods.[3]MethodsTULIP-1 and TULIP-2 (NCT02446912,NCT02446899) were randomized, placebo-controlled, 52-week trials of IV anifrolumab (Q4W, 48 weeks) in patients with moderate to severe SLE despite standard therapy. Following the double-blind treatment period of the TULIP trials, patients could reconsent to participate in the 3-year, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled LTE study (NCT02794285).[3]Here, data were analyzed by timepoint from TULIP baseline through the end of the LTE (Week 208) for patients who were assigned and received the same study drug (anifrolumab 300 mg or placebo) during the TULIP+LTE periods. LLDAS attainment was defined as all of the following: SLEDAI-2K ≤4 without major organ activity, no new disease activity, Physician’s Global Assessment [0–3] ≤1, prednisone or equivalent ≤7.5 mg/day, standard immunosuppressant dosing, no use of restricted medications (considered only during the pooled TULIP-1/TULIP-2 period but not during the LTE period), and no investigational product (IP) discontinuation. LLDAS percentages and cumulative time in LLDAS were compared using a Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel approach, and response rates were compared using logistic regression. Last observation carried forward was used to impute missing data for TULIP-1/TULIP-2, but not for data captured in the LTE. AllP-values are nominal.ResultsData from 369 patients (anifrolumab 300 mg, n=257; placebo, n=112) were evaluable for the 4-year TULIP+LTE study period. At the last TULIP visit (Week 52), 39.3% of the anifrolumab group and 27.9% of the placebo group were in LLDAS (odds ratio [OR] 1.6, 95% CI 1.0–2.7,P=0.049). At the first visit of the LTE (Week 64), 33.5% of the anifrolumab group and 22.8% of the placebo group were in LLDAS (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0–2.9,P=0.038). LLDAS attainment was relatively stable for the first 3 years (up to Week 156) and declined slightly in Year 4; this decrease likely reflects the proportions of patients who discontinued IP over time (Figure 1). However, attainment of LLDAS favored anifrolumab vs placebo at all timepoints up to Week 208 (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.3–5.6,P=0.007). For the combined 4-year TULIP+LTE period, greater cumulative time (P=0.001) and percentage of time (P=0.006) was spent in LLDAS by patients receiving anifrolumab compared with placebo. Cumulative time in LLDAS at a threshold of ≥20% also favored anifrolumab (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.4–3.5,P=0.001); a similar trend was seen with a threshold of ≥50%, although this did not reach statistical significance (OR 1.4, 95% CI 0.8–2.4,P=0.217). Compared with placebo, patients treated with anifrolumab were more likely to be in sustained LLDAS for ≥3 consecutive visits (49.4% vs 35.1%; OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–2.8,P=0.018), ≥5 consecutive visits (32.6% vs 20.1%; OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.0–3.1,P=0.033), or ≥7 consecutive visits (22.2% vs 11.6%; OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–4.1,P=0.028).ConclusionAnifrolumab 300 mg treatment was associated with more frequent, prolonged, and sustained LLDAS compared with placebo during the 4-year TULIP+LTE period.References[1]Golder V, et al.Lancet Rheumatol.2019;1:e95–102.[2]Morand E.Arthritis Rheumatol.2021;73 (suppl 9).[3]Kalunian KC, et al.Arthritis Rheumatol2022. doi: 10.1002/art.42392AcknowledgementsWriting assistance by Jack Barton, PhD, and Rosie Butler, PhD, of JK Associates Inc., part of Fishawack Health.This study was sponsored by AstraZeneca.Disclosure of InterestsEric F. Morand Speakers bureau: AstraZeneca, EMD Serono, Gilead, Consultant of: AstraZeneca, BristolMyersSquibb, Biogen, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Novartis, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, BristolMyersSquibb, Biogen, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Genentech, GSK, Janssen, UCB, Ronald van Vollenhoven Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Galapagos, Janssen, Pfizer, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Biogen, BMS, Galapagos, Janssen, Pfizer, Sanofi, UCB, Grant/research support from: AstraZeneca, BMS, GSK, Lilly, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Richard Furie Speakers bureau: AstraZeneca, Consultant of: AstraZeneca, Grant/research support from: AstraZeneca, Kenneth Kalunian Consultant of: Biogen, AstraZeneca, BMS, Genentech/Roche, Amgen, Equilliumbio, Kezarbio, GSK, Merck, Abbvie, Grant/research support from: UCB, Novartis, Amgen, Lupus Foundation of America, Lupus Research Alliance, NIH, Sule Yavuz Employee of: AstraZeneca, Gabriel Abreu Employee of: AstraZeneca, Catharina Lindholm Shareholder of: AstraZeneca, Employee of: AstraZeneca, Hussein Al-Mossawi Shareholder of: AstraZeneca, UCB, GSK, Speakers bureau: Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Consultant of: Novartis, UCB, Abbvie, Grant/research support from: UCB, Employee of: UCB (Previous), AstraZeneca (Current)